A predictable design method for active antenna gain

Abstract

The present invention discloses a predictable design method for active antenna gain, comprising: simulating a target passive antenna to obtain the port output impedance and mismatch gain of the target passive antenna; designing a target active circuit according to preset antenna design requirements and the port output impedance of the target passive antenna; establishing a transmission link model to simulate and obtain the amplitude-frequency response data corresponding to the target passive antenna; constructing a target active antenna system according to the target passive antenna and the target active circuit; replacing the target passive antenna with the target active antenna system in the transmission link model, simulating and obtaining the amplitude-frequency response data corresponding to the target active antenna system; determining the gain of the target active antenna system according to the mismatch gain of the target passive antenna, the amplitude-frequency response data corresponding to the target passive antenna, and the amplitude-frequency response data corresponding to the target active antenna system. The present invention belongs to the field of antennas. The present invention can accurately predict the gain of the active antenna system.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the field of antennas, and in particular to a predictable design method for active antenna gain. Background Art

[0002] The active antenna is composed of a passive antenna and an active circuit. The passive antenna serves as the input of the active circuit, and the output of the active circuit is the output of the entire antenna. Due to the embedding of active devices in the active circuit, the active circuit becomes a nonlinear, non-reciprocal network. When the active antenna is used as a receiving antenna, its electrical parameters no longer satisfy the reciprocity principle. The gain of the active antenna can be divided into passive antenna gain and active circuit gain. The passive antenna gain is determined by the directivity and efficiency of the antenna, and the active circuit gain is the circuit gain when it matches the impedance of the passive antenna.

[0003] When the gain of the active circuit is properly designed, the antenna can be kept small while having a higher gain as a whole. For passive circuits, in the field-path-field cascade simulation of the antenna, the circuit parameter SnP can be connected to the field simulation environment, and the circuit output port can be directly fed to obtain the antenna gain of the circuit. However, for active circuits or circuits with other unidirectional devices, when the circuit parameter SnP is connected to the field simulation environment, the electrical signal fed back from the output port cannot be transmitted to the antenna through the circuit due to the presence of the unidirectional device. The signal transmission path is only the antenna's induced electrical signal output through the circuit. In other words, it is difficult to obtain the gain of the active antenna using existing simulation methods. In view of this, how to determine the gain of the active antenna is an urgent problem to be solved. Summary of the invention

[0004] The embodiment of the present application solves the technical problem in the prior art that it is difficult to accurately predict the gain of an active antenna by providing a predictable design method for the gain of an active antenna, thereby achieving accurate prediction of the gain of an active antenna.

[0005] In a first aspect, the present application provides a predictable design method for active antenna gain, the method comprising:

[0006] According to the preset antenna design requirements, the target passive antenna is simulated to obtain the port output impedance and mismatch gain of the target passive antenna;

[0007] Design the target active circuit according to the preset antenna design requirements and the port output impedance of the target passive antenna;

[0008] Establish a transmission link model and simulate to obtain the amplitude-frequency response data corresponding to the target passive antenna;

[0009] Construct the target active antenna system according to the target passive antenna and target active circuit;

[0010] In the transmission link model, the target passive antenna is replaced by the target active antenna system, and the amplitude-frequency response data corresponding to the target active antenna system is obtained by simulation;

[0011] The gain of the target active antenna is determined according to the mismatch gain of the target passive antenna, the amplitude-frequency response data corresponding to the target passive antenna, and the amplitude-frequency response data corresponding to the target active antenna.

[0012] Furthermore, according to the preset antenna design requirements and the port output impedance of the target passive antenna, a target active circuit is designed, including:

[0013] Determine the load impedance of the target active circuit according to the port output impedance of the target passive antenna;

[0014] According to preset antenna design requirements and the load impedance of the target active circuit, the target active circuit is designed, and circuit parameters of the target active circuit are output.

[0015] Furthermore, in the transmission link model, the target passive antenna is replaced with the target active antenna system, and the amplitude-frequency response data corresponding to the target active antenna system is obtained by simulation, including:

[0016] Design the transmitting end of the transmission link model;

[0017] Construct a target transmitting antenna, control the target transmitting antenna to transmit a target signal at the transmitting end of the transmission link model, and the distance between the transmitting end of the transmission link model and the target passive antenna meets the far-field condition;

[0018] The target passive antenna receives the target signal and obtains amplitude-frequency response data corresponding to the target passive antenna.

[0019] Furthermore, according to the target passive antenna and the target active circuit, a target active antenna system is constructed, including:

[0020] In the transmission link model, a field-road-field cascade simulation model is constructed;

[0021] According to the circuit parameters of the target passive antenna and the target active circuit, the target active antenna system is constructed.

[0022] Furthermore, in the transmission link model, the target passive antenna is replaced with the target active antenna system, and the amplitude-frequency response data corresponding to the target active antenna system is obtained by simulation, including:

[0023] Controlling the target transmitting antenna to retransmit the target signal at the transmitting end of the transmission link model;

[0024] The target active antenna system receives the target signal and obtains amplitude-frequency response data corresponding to the target active antenna system.

[0025] Furthermore, the gain of the target active antenna is expressed as:

[0026] G A =P r -P0+G0

[0027] Among them, G A is the gain of the target active antenna, P r is the amplitude-frequency response data received by the target active antenna, P0 is the amplitude-frequency response data received by the target passive antenna, and G0 is the standard antenna gain.

[0028] Furthermore, the standard antenna gain is determined, including:

[0029] The standard antenna gain is determined based on the mismatched gain of the target passive antenna.

[0030] One or more technical solutions provided in the embodiments of the present application have at least the following technical effects or advantages:

[0031] The present application provides a predictable design method for active antenna gain, the method comprising: simulating a target passive antenna according to preset antenna design requirements to obtain the port output impedance and mismatch gain of the target passive antenna; designing a target active circuit according to the preset antenna design requirements and the port output impedance of the target passive antenna; establishing a transmission link model to simulate and obtain the amplitude-frequency response data corresponding to the target passive antenna; constructing a target active antenna system according to the target passive antenna and the target active circuit; in the transmission link model, replacing the target passive antenna with the target active antenna system, simulating and obtaining the amplitude-frequency response data corresponding to the target active antenna system; determining the gain of the target active antenna system according to the mismatch gain of the target passive antenna, the amplitude-frequency response data corresponding to the target passive antenna, and the amplitude-frequency response data corresponding to the target active antenna system. Compared with the prior art which is difficult to accurately predict the active antenna gain, the present application can accurately predict the gain of the target active antenna system according to obtaining the amplitude-frequency response data corresponding to the target passive antenna, constructing the target active antenna system to obtain the amplitude-frequency response data corresponding to the target active antenna system, and the standard antenna gain, thereby improving the accuracy of the prediction. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0032] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention, the following briefly introduces the drawings required for use in the description of the embodiments. Obviously, the drawings described below are some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative work.

[0033] Figure 1 A flowchart of a predictable design method for active antenna gain provided for the application;

[0034] Figure 2 A schematic diagram of the working principle of the active antenna provided for the application;

[0035] Figure 3 Schematic diagram of the port impedance of the passive antenna provided for the application;

[0036] Figure 4 Schematic diagram of the mismatched gain of the passive antenna provided for the application, where (a) is the VHF band and (b) is the UHF band;

[0037] Figure 5 A schematic diagram of the structure of the transmission link model provided for the application;

[0038] Figure 6 The amplitude-frequency response data diagram of the passive antenna provided for the application, where (a) is the VHF band and (b) is the UHF band;

[0039] Figure 7 A schematic diagram of the model of the active antenna system provided for the application;

[0040] Figure 8 The amplitude-frequency response data diagram of the active antenna system provided for the application, where (a) is the VHF band and (b) is the UHF band;

[0041] Fig. 9 A schematic diagram of the data comparing the gain simulation results and the measured results of the active antenna provided in the application, where (a) is the VHF band and (b) is the UHF band. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0042] The embodiment of the present application solves the technical problem in the prior art that it is difficult to accurately predict the gain of an active antenna by providing a predictable design method for the gain of an active antenna.

[0043] The technical solution of the embodiment of the present application is to solve the above technical problems, and the overall idea is as follows:

[0044] A predictable design method for active antenna gain, the method comprising: simulating a target passive antenna according to preset antenna design requirements to obtain port output impedance and mismatch gain of the target passive antenna; designing a target active circuit according to the preset antenna design requirements and the port output impedance of the target passive antenna; establishing a transmission link model to simulate and obtain amplitude-frequency response data corresponding to the target passive antenna; constructing a target active antenna system according to the target passive antenna and the target active circuit; replacing the target passive antenna with a target active antenna system in the transmission link model to simulate and obtain amplitude-frequency response data corresponding to the target active antenna system; determining the gain of the target active antenna system according to the mismatch gain of the target passive antenna, the amplitude-frequency response data corresponding to the target passive antenna and the amplitude-frequency response data corresponding to the target active antenna system.

[0045] In order to better understand the above technical solution, the above technical solution will be described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific implementation methods.

[0046] First of all, the term "and / or" in this article is only a description of the association relationship of the associated objects, indicating that there can be three relationships. For example, A and / or B can mean: A exists alone, A and B exist at the same time, and B exists alone. In addition, the character " / " in this article generally indicates that the associated objects before and after are in an "or" relationship.

[0047] This application provides Figure 1 The method for predictability design of active antenna gain shown includes steps S11-S16:

[0048] Step S11, simulating a target passive antenna according to preset antenna design requirements to obtain a port output impedance and mismatch gain of the target passive antenna.

[0049] Step S12, designing a target active circuit according to preset antenna design requirements and the port output impedance of the target passive antenna.

[0050] Step S13, establishing a transmission link model, and simulating to obtain amplitude-frequency response data corresponding to the target passive antenna.

[0051] Step S14, constructing a target active antenna system according to the target passive antenna and the target active circuit.

[0052] Step S15, in the transmission link model, the target passive antenna is replaced with the target active antenna system, and the amplitude-frequency response data corresponding to the target active antenna system is obtained by simulation.

[0053] Step S16, determining the gain of the target active antenna according to the mismatch gain of the target passive antenna, the amplitude-frequency response data corresponding to the target passive antenna, and the amplitude-frequency response data corresponding to the target active antenna.

[0054] The predictable design method of active antenna gain provided by me is based on simulation. The simulation software used mainly includes electromagnetic simulation software FEKO and circuit simulation software ADS.

[0055] The active antenna system consists of a passive antenna and an active circuit. The passive antenna serves as the input end of the active circuit, and the output end of the active circuit is the output end of the active antenna system. The target active antenna system described below refers to the active antenna system that needs to be predicted for gain, and the target active antenna system consists of a target passive antenna and a target active circuit.

[0056] Regarding step S11, according to the preset antenna design requirements, the target passive antenna is simulated to obtain the port output impedance and mismatch gain of the target passive antenna.

[0057] In the electromagnetic simulation software FEKO, the target passive antenna is simulated according to the preset antenna design requirements. The preset antenna design requirements may include functional requirements, such as frequency range, radiation range, gain, and impedance matching; performance indicators, such as bandwidth, beam characteristics, and polarization mode; and working environment, such as working temperature range, weather resistance and corrosion resistance, and installation requirements. The above requirements can be selected or determined according to actual conditions.

[0058] After the design of the target passive antenna is completed, the output mismatch gain of the target passive antenna can be used as the standard antenna gain. Specifically, the output mismatch gain of the target passive antenna can be used as the standard antenna gain.

[0059] The output mismatch gain is used to describe the efficiency loss caused by impedance mismatch between the active circuit and the passive antenna. The output mismatch gain of the target passive antenna can be used as the standard antenna gain.

[0060] Regarding step S12, a target active circuit is designed according to preset antenna design requirements and the port output impedance of the target passive antenna.

[0061] When designing a target active circuit, circuit simulation software ADS or other circuit design software may be used.

[0062] After the target passive antenna is designed, the load impedance of the target active circuit can be determined according to the output impedance of the target passive antenna. Specifically, the output impedance of the passive antenna can be used as the load impedance of the active circuit.

[0063] Using circuit simulation software ADS or other circuit design software, the target active circuit is designed according to the preset antenna design requirements and the load impedance of the target active circuit, and the circuit parameters of the target active circuit are output. The preset antenna design requirements can refer to the "preset antenna design requirements" in step S11.

[0064] The circuit parameters of the target active circuit refer to the circuit parameters SnP based on the 50Ω system. Specifically, the SnP format is a standard format for describing signal scattering characteristics in a microwave network, which is usually stored in a Touchstone format and can contain network models with different port numbers.

[0065] Impedance matching: In a 50Ω system, S-parameter data usually takes into account the impedance matching of the circuit to 50Ω to ensure minimal reflection loss and optimal energy transfer efficiency.

[0066] Application: SnP files are often used in circuit simulation software (such as ADS, CST Microwave Studio, HFSS, etc.) to simulate and analyze circuit performance.

[0067] Regarding step S13, a transmission link model is established, and amplitude-frequency response data corresponding to the target passive antenna is obtained through simulation.

[0068] Specifically, the transmitting end of the transmission link model can be designed first.

[0069] The transmitter of the transmission link model refers to the starting part of the entire transmission system, that is, the place where the signal is emitted from the transmitter. When modeling, the transmitting antenna can be placed at the position of this transmitter. In FEKO, you can first define the characteristics of the transmitting antenna, and then place the transmitting antenna at the transmitting end position of the transmission link model. The transmitting end position can be a point or area in space, indicating the source or emission point of the signal.

[0070] Then, in the electromagnetic simulation software FEKO, a target transmitting antenna (for generating signals) is constructed, and the target transmitting antenna is controlled to transmit the target signal at the transmitting end of the transmission link model. The distance between the transmitting end of the transmission link model and the target passive antenna meets the far-field condition.

[0071] In the electromagnetic simulation software FEKO, switch the FEKO simulation mode to SParameterConfiguration, and excite the target transmitting antenna (give the antenna an input signal or excitation) to simulate the behavior of the target transmitting antenna emitting electromagnetic waves in actual work.

[0072] The far-field condition is used to describe the relationship between the transmitter and the target passive antenna of a transmission link model with a long distance. The specific characteristics of the far-field condition include at least the following aspects: the distance is much greater than the wavelength, the electric field and the magnetic field propagate orthogonally, and the attenuation of the field is inversely proportional to the square of the distance.

[0073] Finally, the target passive antenna receives the target signal and obtains amplitude-frequency response data corresponding to the target passive antenna.

[0074] Specifically, the target passive antenna receives the target signal, and a set of amplitude-frequency response data of the target passive antenna relative to the target transmitting antenna is obtained by simulation (equivalent to the receiving power of the standard antenna).

[0075] The amplitude-frequency response data corresponding to the target passive antenna represents the power received by the target passive antenna relative to a reference value of the target transmitting antenna.

[0076] Regarding step S14, a target active antenna system is constructed according to the target passive antenna and the target active circuit.

[0077] In the transmission link model, a field-road-field cascade simulation model is constructed.

[0078] In the transmission link model, the field-path-field cascade simulation model GeneralNetwork can be regarded as one of its parts or components.

[0079] Therefore, the target active antenna system can be constructed according to the circuit parameters of the target passive antenna and the target active circuit.

[0080] Regarding step S15, in the transmission link model, the target passive antenna is replaced with the target active antenna system, and the amplitude-frequency response data corresponding to the target active antenna system is obtained by simulation.

[0081] The target transmitting antenna is controlled to transmit the target signal again at the transmitting end of the transmission link model.

[0082] It can be understood that when the position of the transmitting end of the transmission link model remains unchanged, the target signal is transmitted again. In addition, it also means that the distance between the target active antenna system and the target transmitting antenna also satisfies the far-field condition, and when the transmitting end transmits the signal, the distance between the transmitting end of the transmission link model and the target passive antenna is equal to the distance between the transmitting end of the transmission link model and the target active antenna system.

[0083] The target active antenna system receives the target signal and obtains amplitude-frequency response data corresponding to the target active antenna system.

[0084] After the target active antenna receives the target signal, a set of amplitude-frequency response data of the active antenna relative to the transmitting antenna is simulated (equivalent to the receiving power of the target active antenna).

[0085] Regarding step S16, based on the gain comparison test method, the gain of the target active antenna is determined according to the mismatch gain of the target passive antenna, the amplitude-frequency response data corresponding to the target passive antenna, and the amplitude-frequency response data corresponding to the target active antenna.

[0086] Specifically, the gain of the target active antenna is expressed as:

[0087] G A =P r -P0+G0

[0088] Among them, G A is the gain of the target active antenna, P r is the amplitude-frequency response data received by the target active antenna, P0 is the amplitude-frequency response data received by the target passive antenna, and G0 is the standard antenna gain.

[0089] The specific embodiments are as follows:

[0090] The working principle of the active antenna in this case can be found in Figure 2 The basic form of passive antennas is dipole antennas. The active circuit consists of a passive matching network with an anti-phase synthesizer, a limiter, a low-noise amplifier and a filter. Active dipole antennas operate in the 30MHz to 3000MHz ultra-short wave frequency band and are used as direction-finding units of direction-finding antenna arrays. To ensure the direction-finding requirements of the entire frequency band, that is, to require that the directional pattern is not split, the antenna is designed in two frequency bands, namely, the VHF band and the 30MHz band. z ~600MH z And UHF band 600MHz~3000MHz.

[0091] Both are broadband miniaturized antennas, with bandwidths of 181% and 133% in the VHF and UHF bands, respectively, and antenna lengths of 1=650mm and 1=110mm in the VHF and UHF bands, respectively. Both are equipped with appropriate amplifiers to enhance the gain of the antenna system.

[0092] The first step is to model the passive dipole antenna in the electromagnetic simulation software FEKO, and simulate the port impedance and mismatch gain, which are shown in Figure 3 and Figure 4 . Figure 4 In the figure, the vertical axis represents gain and the horizontal axis represents frequency.

[0093] The second step is to use the circuit simulation software ADS Figure 3The impedance data is used to design the active circuit and output the circuit parameters S3P.

[0094] The third step is to build a dipole antenna as the transmitting antenna in FEKO. The distance D between the transmitting antenna and the active antenna to be designed (passive antenna in this case) is greater than or equal to 10 times the longest wavelength. Figure 5 .

[0095] The fourth step is to change the simulation mode to SParameterConfiguration. The transmitter transmits a signal and simulates a set of amplitude-frequency response data Ph0 (dBm) of the passive antenna relative to the transmitting antenna, such as Figure 6 . Figure 6 In the figure, the vertical axis represents the amplitude-frequency response data, and the horizontal axis represents the frequency.

[0096] In the fifth step, the circuit parameters S3P produced in the second step are introduced into the field-circuit-field cascade simulation model GeneralNetwork to obtain the active antenna complete machine model, as shown in Figure 7 As shown;

[0097] Step 6: Keep the simulation mode and the receiving and transmitting distance unchanged, and the transmitter transmits the signal to simulate a set of amplitude-frequency response data P of the active antenna relative to the transmitting antenna. r (dBm), such as Figure 8 . Figure 8 In the figure, the vertical axis represents the amplitude-frequency response data, and the horizontal axis represents the frequency.

[0098] Step 7: According to the above-obtained P r (dBm), P0 (dBm) and mismatch gain to determine the simulated gain of the active antenna.

[0099] In order to verify the correctness of the simulation method proposed in the present invention, the simulation results are compared with the measured results. Fig. 9 As shown, the two maintained a high degree of consistency. Fig. 9 In the figure, the vertical axis represents gain and the horizontal axis represents frequency.

[0100] In summary, the present application provides a predictable design method for active antenna gain, the method comprising: simulating a target passive antenna according to preset antenna design requirements to obtain the port output impedance and mismatch gain of the target passive antenna; designing a target active circuit according to the preset antenna design requirements and the port output impedance of the target passive antenna; establishing a transmission link model to simulate and obtain amplitude-frequency response data corresponding to the target passive antenna; constructing a target active antenna system according to the target passive antenna and the target active circuit; in the transmission link model, replacing the target passive antenna with a target active antenna system, simulating and obtaining the amplitude-frequency response data corresponding to the target active antenna system; determining the gain of the target active antenna system according to the mismatch gain of the target passive antenna, the amplitude-frequency response data corresponding to the target passive antenna, and the amplitude-frequency response data corresponding to the target active antenna system. Compared with the prior art which is difficult to accurately predict the active antenna gain, the present application can accurately predict the gain of the target active antenna system by obtaining the amplitude-frequency response data corresponding to the target passive antenna, constructing the target active antenna system to obtain the amplitude-frequency response data corresponding to the target active antenna system, and the standard antenna gain, thereby improving the accuracy of the prediction.

[0101] Obviously, those skilled in the art can make various changes and modifications to the present invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention. Thus, if these modifications and variations of the present invention fall within the scope of the claims of the present invention and their equivalents, the present invention is also intended to include these modifications and variations.

Claims

1. A predictable design method for active antenna gain, characterized in that: The method comprises: According to the preset antenna design requirements, the target passive antenna is simulated to obtain the port output impedance and mismatch gain of the target passive antenna; Designing a target active circuit according to the preset antenna design requirements and the port output impedance of the target passive antenna; Establishing a transmission link model and simulating to obtain the amplitude-frequency response data corresponding to the target passive antenna; Constructing a target active antenna system according to the target passive antenna and the target active circuit; In the transmission link model, the target passive antenna is replaced by the target active antenna system, and amplitude-frequency response data corresponding to the target active antenna system is obtained by simulation; The gain of the target active antenna is determined according to the mismatch gain of the target passive antenna, the amplitude-frequency response data corresponding to the target passive antenna, and the amplitude-frequency response data corresponding to the target active antenna.

2. The predictability design method for active antenna gain according to claim 1, characterized in that: The designing of a target active circuit according to the preset antenna design requirements and the port output impedance of the target passive antenna includes: Determining the load impedance of the target active circuit according to the port output impedance of the target passive antenna; According to the preset antenna design requirements and the load impedance of the target active circuit, the target active circuit is designed, and circuit parameters of the target active circuit are output.

3. A predictable design method for active antenna gain as claimed in claim 2, characterized in that: The step of establishing a transmission link model and simulating to obtain amplitude-frequency response data corresponding to the target passive antenna includes: Design the transmitting end of the transmission link model; Constructing a target transmitting antenna, controlling the target transmitting antenna to transmit a target signal at a transmitting end of the transmission link model, wherein the distance between the transmitting end of the transmission link model and the target passive antenna satisfies a far-field condition; The target passive antenna receives the target signal and obtains amplitude-frequency response data corresponding to the target passive antenna.

4. A predictable design method for active antenna gain as claimed in claim 3, characterized in that: The step of constructing a target active antenna system according to the target passive antenna and the target active circuit includes: In the transmission link model, a field-road-field cascade simulation model is constructed; The target active antenna is constructed according to the circuit parameters of the target passive antenna and the target active circuit.

5. A predictable design method for active antenna gain as claimed in claim 4, characterized in that: In the transmission link model, the target passive antenna is replaced by the target active antenna system, and the amplitude-frequency response data corresponding to the target active antenna system is obtained by simulation, including: Controlling the target transmitting antenna to transmit the target signal again at the transmitting end of the transmission link model; The target active antenna system receives the target signal and obtains amplitude-frequency response data corresponding to the target active antenna system.

6. The predictability design method of active antenna gain according to claim 1, characterized in that: The expression of the gain of the target active antenna is: in, is the gain of the target active antenna, is the amplitude-frequency response data received by the target active antenna, is the amplitude-frequency response data received by the target passive antenna, is the standard antenna gain.

7. The predictability design method for active antenna gain according to claim 1, characterized in that: Determine the standard antenna gain, including: The standard antenna gain is determined according to the mismatch gain of the target passive antenna.

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