Dual capability antenna

Abstract

The application relates to the technical field of wireless communication, and discloses a dual-performance antenna which comprises a metal bottom plate, a dielectric substrate, a metal patch, a radio frequency connector and a flow guide piece; a first gap and a second gap are formed in the metal patch; liquid metal is introduced through the flow guide piece above the first gap so that the liquid metal flows into the first gap, high-gain directional pattern radiation characteristics of the antenna are realized; liquid metal is introduced through the flow guide piece above the second gap so that the liquid metal flows into the second gap, wide-beam directional pattern radiation characteristics of the antenna are realized; by switching the flow guide pieces corresponding to the first gap or the second gap to introduce liquid metal, the liquid metal flows into the first gap or the second gap, and the antenna can be switched between the high-gain directional pattern and the wide-beam directional pattern.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of wireless communication, in particular to a dual-performance antenna. BACKGROUND

[0002] Microstrip patch antenna is a small but powerful antenna, which has the advantages of small size, wide frequency range, easy to manufacture and conformal, and has been widely used in mobile wireless communication, satellite communication, radar, radio measurement and other fields. In the related technology, according to the specific requirements of different application scenarios, the microstrip patch antenna with one-way high gain pattern or wide beam radiation pattern is designed, which is effective for realizing high gain or wide beam radiation pattern, but the designed antenna can only work in high gain pattern or wide beam pattern state, which limits its application in wireless communication system. SUMMARY

[0003] The present application aims to at least solve one of the technical problems existing in the prior art. To this end, the present application proposes a high-gain wide-beam switchable dual-performance antenna.

[0004] The dual-performance antenna according to the embodiment of the present application comprises a metal bottom plate, a dielectric substrate, a metal patch, a radio frequency connector and a flow guide; wherein:

[0005] The dielectric substrate is located on the upper layer of the metal bottom plate;

[0006] The metal patch is located on the upper layer of the dielectric substrate, the upper side of the metal patch is provided with a first gap and a second gap, the first gap and the second gap respectively extend along a first direction, the second gap is provided on both sides of the first gap along a second direction, and the first direction and the second direction are perpendicular;

[0007] The radio frequency connector is connected to the metal bottom plate for feeding the metal patch;

[0008] The flow guide abuts to the upper side of the metal patch, the flow guide has a flow channel for passing liquid metal in the inside, the upper side of the first gap and the second gap is respectively provided with the flow guide and communicated with the flow channel corresponding to the flow guide, and the radiation characteristics are switched by controlling the liquid metal in the corresponding flow guide to pass into the corresponding first gap or second gap.

[0009] The dual-performance antenna has at least the following beneficial effects: when the dual-performance antenna is used, liquid metal can be introduced into the flow channel through the flow guide, so that the liquid metal is injected into the gap at the corresponding position on the metal patch, and the metal patch is turned on. Among them, the liquid metal is introduced through the flow guide above the first gap, so that the liquid metal is injected into the first gap, and the high-gain pattern radiation characteristic of the antenna is realized. The liquid metal is introduced through the flow guide above the second gap, so that the liquid metal is injected into the second gap, and the wide-beam pattern radiation characteristic of the antenna is realized. By switching the flow guide corresponding to the first gap or the second gap to introduce the liquid metal, the liquid metal is injected into the first gap or the second gap, and the antenna is switched between the high-gain pattern and the wide-beam pattern.

[0010] According to the dual-performance antenna of some embodiments of the present application, the first gap and the second gap are both open on the top, the lower side of the flow guide is provided with an opening communicating with the flow channel, and the flow guide is provided with a liquid inlet and a liquid outlet communicating with the flow channel.

[0011] The upper side of the first gap is open and communicates with the opening of the corresponding flow guide, and the opening covers the top of the opening.

[0012] The upper side of the second gap is open and communicates with the opening of the corresponding flow guide, and the opening covers the top of the opening.

[0013] According to the dual-performance antenna of some embodiments of the present application, the total length of the first gap along the first direction is L1, the total length of the second gap along the first direction is L2, and the distance between the second gap and the first gap along the second direction is D. The metal patch is configured as:

[0014] The resonant frequency in the high-gain pattern working state is changed by changing L1;

[0015] And / or, the resonant frequency in the wide-beam pattern working state is changed by changing at least one of L2 and D.

[0016] According to the dual-performance antenna of some embodiments of the present application, the first gap is located at the middle position of the metal patch along the second direction; and / or, the second gaps on both sides of the first gap are symmetrically arranged.

[0017] According to the dual-performance antenna of some embodiments of the present application, the total length L2 of the second gaps on both sides of the first gap along the first direction is the same.

[0018] The first slot comprises a first middle section and first open circuit sections respectively arranged at two ends of the first middle section in the first direction, the first middle section and the first open circuit sections extend in the first direction, in the first direction, a length of the first middle section is L 11 , a length of the first open circuit section is L 12 , and L1=L 11 +2L 12 .

[0019] The second slot comprises a second middle section and second open circuit sections respectively arranged at two ends of the second middle section in the first direction, the second middle section and the second open circuit sections extend in the first direction; in the first direction, a length of the second middle section is L 21 , a length of the second open circuit section is L 22 , and L2=L 21 +2L 22 .

[0020] The metal patch of the dual-performance antenna according to some embodiments of the present application is in a rectangular structure, in the first direction and the second direction, a side length Lp of the metal patch is 0.81λ to 0.83λ; wherein:

[0021] L 11 is 0.26λ to 0.28λ, L 12 is 0.33λ to 0.35λ;

[0022] L 21 is 0.34λ to 0.36λ, L 22 is 0.34λ to 0.36λ;

[0023] D is 0.38λ to 0.40λ.

[0024] The dual-performance antenna according to some embodiments of the present application, Lp is 0.82λ, L 11 is 0.27λ, L 12 is 0.34λ, L 21 is 0.35λ, L 22 is 0.35λ, and D is 0.39λ.

[0025] The dual-performance antenna according to some embodiments of the present application, in the second direction, a width of the first slot is W1, a width of the second slot is W2, and a width of the flow channel of the flow guide is W3, wherein W3≥W1 and W3≥W2.

[0026] The double performance antenna according to some embodiments of the present application, the radio frequency joint has a feeding probe, the dielectric substrate is provided with a first through hole, the metal patch is provided with a second through hole at a position corresponding to the first through hole; the feeding probe is arranged in the first through hole and the second through hole, and is welded with the metal patch in the first through hole, and the outer side wall of the feeding probe is connected with the dielectric substrate; the metal patch is fed by the feeding probe.

[0027] Additional aspects and advantages of the present application will be given in part in the following description, become apparent from the following description, or be understood by practice of the present application. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0028] Figure 1 is a structural schematic diagram of a double performance antenna according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0029] Figure 2 is Figure 1 is a partial structural exploded schematic diagram of a double performance antenna shown;

[0030] Figure 3 is Figure 1 is a top view of a double performance antenna shown, and the blocked gap and flow channel are shown by a dashed line;

[0031] Figure 4 is Figure 3 is an A-A cross-sectional view schematic diagram of a double performance antenna shown;

[0032] Figure 5 is Figure 4 is a local enlarged schematic diagram at B in the figure;

[0033] Figure 6 is a top view of a metal patch in an embodiment of the present application;

[0034] Figure 7 is a structural schematic diagram of a flow guide in an embodiment of the present application;

[0035] Figure 8 is a reflection coefficient curve diagram of a port of a high gain pattern and wide beam pattern double performance switchable antenna provided by an embodiment of the present application in two working states;

[0036] Figure 9 is an E-plane pattern and H-plane pattern of a high gain pattern and wide beam pattern double performance switchable antenna provided by an embodiment of the present application in a high gain pattern radiation characteristic state working at a working frequency point of 2.52GHz;

[0037] Figure 10The E-plane and H-plane of the high-gain pattern and wide-beam pattern double-performance switchable antenna provided by the embodiment of the application in a wide-beam pattern radiation characteristic state at an operating frequency point of 2.52 GHz.

[0038] Reference signs:

[0039] Metal base plate 100;

[0040] Dielectric substrate 200; first via hole 210;

[0041] Metal patch 300; first slit 310; first intermediate section 311; first open-circuit section 312; second slit 320; second intermediate section 321; second open-circuit section 322; second via hole 330;

[0042] Radio frequency joint 400; feed probe 410;

[0043] Flow guide 500; first flow guide 500a; second flow guide 500b; flow channel 510; opening 511; liquid inlet 520; liquid outlet 530. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0044] The concept and the generated technical effects of the present application will be described below in conjunction with the embodiments, so as to fully understand the purpose, features and effects of the present application. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present application, but not all the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present application, other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative labor are within the protection scope of the present application.

[0045] In the description of the embodiments of the present application, if the orientation description such as 'up', 'down', 'front', 'back', 'left', 'right' and the like is involved, the orientation or position relationship shown in the drawings is only for the convenience of describing the present application and simplifying the description, and does not indicate or imply that the device or the apparatus must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as a limitation of the present application.

[0046] In the description of the embodiments of the application, if a certain feature is referred to as being "provided", "fixed", "connected", "installed" to another feature, it can be directly provided, fixed, connected, installed to the other feature, or indirectly provided, fixed, connected, installed to the other feature. In the description of the embodiments of the application, if "several" is referred to, it means more than one, if "multiple" is referred to, it means more than two, and if "greater than", "less than", "more than" is referred to, it should be understood as not including the number itself, and if "and above", "and below", "and within" are referred to, it should be understood as including the number itself. If "first", "second" are referred to, it should be understood as being used to distinguish technical features, and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of indicated technical features or implicitly indicating the sequence of indicated technical features.

[0047] The embodiments of the application provide a dual-performance antenna, which can realize switching between high-gain pattern and wide-beam pattern of the antenna. The embodiments of the application are described below with reference to the accompanying drawings of the specification:

[0048] Reference Figures 1 to 4 The dual-performance antenna of the embodiments of the application comprises a metal base plate 100, a dielectric substrate 200, a metal patch 300, a radio frequency connector 400, and a flow guide 500. The dielectric substrate 200 is located on the upper layer of the metal base plate 100, the metal patch 300 is located on the upper layer of the dielectric substrate 200, the radio frequency connector 400 is connected to the metal base plate 100 and used for feeding the metal patch 300, and the flow guide 500 abuts the upper side of the metal patch 300.

[0049] In the embodiments of the application, the upper side of the metal patch 300 is provided with a first gap 310 and a second gap 320. The first gap 310 and the second gap 320 respectively extend along a first direction. The second gap 320 is provided on both sides of the first gap 310 along a second direction. The first direction and the second direction are perpendicular. The first gap 310 is located in the middle of the metal patch 300 along the second direction relative to the second gap 320. The first gap 310 can be located at the middle position of the metal patch 300 along the second direction.

[0050] The flow guide 500 has a flow channel 510 for introducing liquid metal inside. The upper sides of the first gap 310 and the second gap 320 are respectively provided with the flow guide 500 and are communicated with the flow channel 510 of the corresponding flow guide 500. In use, liquid metal can be introduced into the flow channel 510 through the flow guide 500, so that the liquid metal is introduced into the gap (the first gap 310 or the second gap 320) at the corresponding position on the metal patch 300, and the metal patch 300 is realized. The conduction is switched by controlling the liquid metal in the corresponding flow guide 500 to be introduced into the corresponding first gap 310 or second gap 320 to switch the radiation characteristics. Wherein:

[0051] The liquid metal is introduced through the flow guide 500 arranged above the first gap 310, the flow guide 500 arranged above the first gap 310 is referred to as a first flow guide 500a, the first gap 310 is communicated with a flow channel 510 of the first flow guide 500a, the liquid metal is introduced into the flow channel 510 of the first flow guide 500a, the liquid metal is injected into the first gap 310, the radiation current in the middle of the metal patch 300 is effectively suppressed, the purpose of reducing the side lobe level of the radiation pattern and improving the radiation gain is achieved, and the high-gain radiation pattern of the antenna is realized.

[0052] The liquid metal is introduced through the flow guide 500 arranged above the second gap 320, the flow guide 500 arranged above the second gap 320 is referred to as a second flow guide 500b, the second gap 320 is communicated with a flow channel 510 of the second flow guide 500b, the liquid metal is introduced into the flow channel 510 of the second flow guide 500b, the liquid metal is injected into the second gap 320, the current on both sides of the metal patch 300 is reduced and the current in the middle is increased, and the wide-beam radiation pattern of the antenna is realized.

[0053] Therefore, the embodiment of the present application realizes the dual-performance antenna with high-gain radiation pattern and wide-beam radiation pattern, the liquid metal is injected into the corresponding first gap 310 or second gap 320 through the first flow guide 500a or second flow guide 500b, the antenna is flexibly switched between the high-gain radiation pattern and wide-beam radiation pattern, and the antenna structure and switching mode are simple and easy to implement.

[0054] In addition, the first gap 310 arranged on the metal patch 300 can also make the electric wall curved, thereby improving the profile characteristics and realizing the low profile characteristics.

[0055] The liquid metal used in the embodiment of the present application can be, for example, gallium-indium alloy, gallium-indium-tin alloy and other gallium-based liquid metals, which are in liquid state at room temperature, have low melting point, high conductivity and low toxicity, etc.

[0056] In some embodiments, the radio frequency joint 400 has a feeding probe 410 for feeding the metal patch 300, and changing the position of the probe in the second direction can adjust the impedance matching of the antenna. Specifically, the radio frequency joint 400 can be connected to the lower side of the metal base plate 100, the metal base plate 100 is provided with a via hole, the dielectric substrate 200 is provided with a first through hole 210, the metal patch 300 is provided with a second through hole 330 at a position corresponding to the first through hole 210, the feeding probe 410 passes through the first through hole 210 and the second through hole 330 through the via hole, the first through hole 210 can be located at the center position of the dielectric substrate 200 in the first direction, the second through hole 330 can be located at the center position of the metal patch 300 in the first direction, the feeding probe 410 is welded with the metal patch 300 in the first through hole 210, and the outer side wall of the feeding probe 410 is connected with the dielectric substrate 200, so as to feed the metal patch 300 through the feeding probe 410.

[0057] Reference Figures 4 to 7 In some embodiments, the first gap 310 and the second gap 320 are both open on the upper side, and the lower side of the flow guide 500 is provided with an opening 511 communicating with the flow channel 510, and the flow guide 500 is provided with a liquid inlet 520 and a liquid outlet 530 communicating with the flow channel 510, and the liquid metal can be introduced into the flow channel 510 through the liquid inlet 520, and the liquid metal can be introduced out of the flow channel 510 through the liquid outlet 530. Wherein:

[0058] The upper side of the first gap 310 is open and communicated with the opening 511 of the corresponding flow guide 500, that is, the upper side of the first gap 310 is open and communicated with the opening 511 of the first flow guide 500a, and the opening 511 of the first flow guide 500a covers the upper side of the opening of the first gap 310, so that the liquid metal entering the flow channel 510 of the first flow guide 500a can be injected into the first gap 310 through the opening 511 and the opening;

[0059] The upper side of the second gap 320 is open and communicated with the opening 511 of the corresponding flow guide 500, that is, the upper side of the second gap 320 is open and communicated with the opening 511 of the second flow guide 500b, and the opening 511 of the second flow guide 500b covers the upper side of the opening of the second gap 320, so that the liquid metal entering the flow channel 510 of the second flow guide 500b can be injected into the second gap 320 through the opening 511 and the opening.

[0060] Specifically, referring to Figure 6The opening 511 on the flow guide 500 can be formed by the flow channel 510 through the surface of the side of the flow guide 500 facing the metal patch 300 (e.g. the lower side surface of the flow guide 500), so that the side wall of the flow channel 510 encloses the opening 511 on the side of the flow guide 500 facing the metal patch 300. Alternatively, the internal passage of the flow guide 500 in the first direction and / or the second direction is larger than the size of the opening 511. The flow guide 500 is attached to the upper side surface of the metal patch 300, and the opening 511 needs to cover the opening on the first gap 310 or the second gap 320 in the first direction and the second direction, so that the liquid metal in the flow channel 510 can be smoothly injected into the gap.

[0061] In some embodiments, the resonant frequency of the antenna can be changed by the structural design of the first gap 310, and the operating frequency band of the antenna when working in the wide-beam pattern characteristic can be adjusted by the structural design of the second gap 320, thereby effectively improving the flexibility of the design.

[0062] Specifically, the total length of the first gap 310 in the first direction is L1, the total length of the second gap 320 in the first direction is L2, and the distance between the second gap 320 and the first gap 310 in the second direction is D; therefore, the resonant frequency in the high-gain pattern working state can be changed by changing L1; and / or the resonant frequency in the wide-beam pattern working state can be changed by changing at least one of L2 and D. Changing L2 and D, i.e. adjusting the total length and position of the second gap 320, can also adjust the operating frequency band of the antenna when working in the wide-beam pattern characteristic, so that the frequency band of the antenna working in the wide-beam pattern characteristic and the high-gain pattern characteristic is the same.

[0063] In some embodiments, the second gaps 320 on both sides of the first gap 310 can be symmetrically arranged, and the total length L2 of the second gaps 320 on both sides of the first gap 310 in the first direction is the same, so that the antenna can work in the wide-beam pattern characteristic.

[0064] In some embodiments, the first gap 310 includes a first intermediate section 311 and first open sections 312 respectively arranged at both ends of the first intermediate section 311 in the first direction, and the first intermediate section 311 and the first open sections 312 extend in the first direction. The first open sections 312 at both ends of the first intermediate section 311 can be arranged to respectively communicate with the side edges of the metal patch 300, forming an open structure. In the first direction, the length of the first intermediate section 311 is L 11 , the length of the first open section 312 is L 12 , and L1=L 11 +2L 12The total length of the first slit 310 is equal to the sum of the length of the first intermediate section 311 and the length of the first open section 312, so the way to change the resonant frequency in the high-gain pattern working state by changing L 11 and / or changing L 12 .

[0065] The second slit 320 includes a second intermediate section 321 and second open sections 322 respectively arranged at both ends of the second intermediate section 321 along the first direction, and the second intermediate section 321 and the second open sections 322 extend along the first direction; the second open sections 322 at both ends of the second intermediate section 321 can be arranged to respectively communicate with the side edges of the metal patch 300, forming an open structure. Along the first direction, the length of the second intermediate section 321 is L 21 , and the length of the second open section 322 is L 22 , where L2 = L 21 + 2L 22 The first open sections 312 at both ends of the first intermediate section 311 can be arranged to respectively communicate with the side edges of the metal patch 300. That is, the total length of the second slit 320 is equal to the sum of the length of the second intermediate section 321 and the length of the second open section 322, so the way to change the resonant frequency in the high-gain pattern working state by changing L 21 and / or changing L 22 .

[0066] In some embodiments of the dual-performance antenna, the metal patch 300 is a rectangular structure, and along the first direction and the second direction, the side length Lp of the metal patch 300 is 0.81λ to 0.83λ (the wavelength in the present embodiment is calculated at a low frequency of 2.52 GHz), for example, the side length Lp of the metal patch 300 can be 0.81λ, 0.81λ, 0.83λ, or any other value between 0.81λ and 0.83λ.

[0067] Wherein:

[0068] The length L 11 of the first intermediate section 311 is 0.26λ to 0.28λ; for example, L 11 may be 0.26λ, 0.27λ, 0.28λ, or any other value between 0.26λ and 0.28λ.

[0069] The length L 12 of the first open section 312 is 0.33λ to 0.35λ; for example, L 12 may be 0.33λ, 0.34λ, 0.35λ, or any other value between 0.33λ and 0.35λ.

[0070] The length L 21Lp is 0.82λ, the length L 21 Lp is 0.82λ, the length L

[0071] The length L 22 Lp is 0.82λ, the length L 22 Lp is 0.82λ, the length L

[0072] The distance D between the second slit 320 and the first slit 310 along the second direction is 0.38λ to 0.40λ; for example, D can be 0.38λ, 0.38λ, 0.40λ, or any other value between 0.38λ and 0.40λ.

[0073] As an example, the metal patch 300 in the dual-band antenna is a square structure, the side length Lp of the metal patch 300 is 0.82λ, the length L 11 Lp is 0.82λ, the length L 12 Lp is 0.82λ, the length L 21 Lp is 0.82λ, the length L 22 Lp is 0.82λ, the length L

[0074] In some embodiments, the first slit 310 and the second slit 320 are rectangular slits, along the second direction, the width of the first slit 310 is W1, the width of the second slit 320 is W2, and the width of the opening 511 of the flow channel 510 inside the flow guide 500 is W3, i.e., the first intermediate section 311 and the first open section 312 are rectangular structures, the width of the first intermediate section 311 and the first open section 312 along the second direction is W1, the second intermediate section 321 and the second open section 322 are rectangular structures, the width of the second intermediate section 321 and the second open section 322 along the second direction is W2, wherein W3≥W1, W3≥W2, and the length L3 of the opening 511 of the flow channel 510 inside the flow guide 500 along the first direction satisfies: L3≥L1 and L3≥L2, thus, the width and length of the opening 511 of the flow channel 510 inside the flow guide 500 ensure that it can completely cover the corresponding slit on the metal patch 300.

[0075] As an example, the length, width and height of the flow guide 500 are set to 0.90λ, 0.10λ and 0.10λ respectively, the length of the flow channel 510 of the flow guide along the first direction is set to 0.82λ, which is equal to the side length of the square metal patch 300; the width of the flow channel 510 along the second direction is determined to be 0.02λ. Thus, the micro flow channel 510 structure covering the first slit 310 or the second slit 320 is formed.

[0076] The application effect of the embodiment of the present application is further described below in combination with simulation results:

[0077] 1. Simulation content

[0078] Please refer to Figures 8 to 10 The port reflection coefficient, antenna pattern and gain of the above-mentioned embodiment antenna are simulated by using simulation software.

[0079] 2. Simulation results

[0080] Figure 8 Figures (a) and (b) in the drawings are curves of the port reflection coefficient varying with the operating frequency obtained by simulating the embodiment antenna in two radiation characteristic states of high-gain pattern and wide-beam pattern respectively. It can be seen that the frequency band in which the port reflection coefficient is lower than -10dB is basically coincident in the two operating states of high-gain pattern and wide-beam pattern, and the resonance frequency points are both around 2.52GHz.

[0081] Figure 9 Figures (a) and (b) are the E-plane pattern and H-plane pattern obtained by simulating the embodiment antenna operating in the high-gain pattern radiation characteristic state, which are obtained at the operating frequency of 2.52GHz. It can be seen that the antenna obtains a radiation gain as high as 12dBi, and the E-plane cross polarization is lower than -25dB; the higher radiation gain can make the antenna obtain a farther transmission distance.

[0082] Figure 10 Figures (a) and (b) are simulation E-plane pattern and H-plane pattern obtained by simulating the embodiment antenna operating in the wide-beam pattern radiation characteristic state at the frequency of 2.52GHz. It can be seen that the antenna obtains a half-power lobe width of 144° in the E-plane pattern, and the E-plane cross polarization is lower than -25dB; the wider beam width can make the antenna have a wider coverage range.

[0083] The above simulation results show that the dual-performance antenna of the embodiment of the present application can realize the conversion between the two states of high gain and wide beam by setting the above-mentioned first slit 310 and second slit 320 on the metal patch 300 and injecting liquid metal, and the antenna has good radiation patterns in both states.

[0084] The dual-performance antenna of the embodiment of the present application realizes a high-gain pattern and wide-beam pattern dual-performance switchable antenna, effectively solves the problem that an antenna designed in the related art can only work in a high-gain pattern or a wide-beam pattern state, improves the flexibility of design, reduces the design difficulty, can be applied to switchable use in multiple use scenarios, has strong practicality, and is beneficial to the application of the antenna in a modern wireless communication system.

[0085] The embodiments of the present application are described in detail above in combination with the drawings, but the present application is not limited to the above-described embodiments, and various changes can be made within the knowledge range of ordinary skill in the art without departing from the purpose of the present application. In addition, the embodiments of the present application and the features in the embodiments can be combined with each other without conflict.

Claims

1. Dual performance antenna, characterized in that, The utility model relates to a metal patch antenna, comprising a metal base plate; a dielectric substrate on the metal base plate; a metal patch on the dielectric substrate, the upper side of the metal patch is provided with a first slit and a second slit, the first slit and the second slit respectively extend along a first direction, the first slit is provided with the second slit on both sides along a second direction, and the first direction and the second direction are perpendicular; a radio frequency connector connected to the metal base plate for feeding the metal patch; a flow guide abutting the upper side of the metal patch, the flow guide has a flow channel for passing liquid metal in the inside, the upper side of the first slit and the second slit is respectively provided with the flow guide and communicated with the flow channel corresponding to the flow guide, and the radiation characteristics are switched by controlling the liquid metal in the corresponding flow guide to pass into the corresponding first slit or second slit.

2. The dual performance antenna of claim 1, wherein, The first slit and the second slit are both open on the upper side, the lower side of the flow guide is provided with an opening communicated with the flow channel, the flow guide is provided with a liquid inlet and a liquid outlet communicated with the flow channel, wherein: the upper side opening of the first slit is communicated with the opening of the corresponding flow guide, and the opening covers the upper side of the opening; the upper side opening of the second slit is communicated with the opening of the corresponding flow guide, and the opening covers the upper side of the opening.

3. The dual performance antenna of claim 1, wherein, The total length of the first slit along the first direction is L1, the total length of the second slit along the first direction is L2, and the distance between the second slit and the first slit along the second direction is D; the metal patch is configured to: change the resonant frequency in the high gain pattern working state by changing L1; and / or, change the resonant frequency in the wide beam pattern working state by changing at least one of L2 and D.

4. The dual performance antenna of claim 3, wherein, The first slit is located at the middle position of the metal patch along the second direction; and / or, the second slits on both sides of the first slit are symmetrically arranged.

5. The dual performance antenna of claim 3, wherein, The total length L2 of the second slit on both sides of the first slit along the first direction is the same.

6. The dual performance antenna of claim 3, wherein, The first slit comprises a first intermediate section and first open sections respectively arranged at two ends of the first intermediate section in the first direction, the first intermediate section and the first open sections extend in the first direction, in the first direction, the length of the first intermediate section is L 11 , the length of the first open section is L 12 , and L 11 1=L 12 +2L 12 . The second slit comprises a second intermediate section and second open sections respectively arranged at two ends of the second intermediate section in the first direction, the second intermediate section and the second open sections extend in the first direction; in the first direction, the length of the second intermediate section is L 21 , the length of the second open section is L 22 , and L2=L 21 +2L 22 .

7. The dual performance antenna of claim 6, wherein, The metal patch is a rectangular structure, along the first direction and the second direction, the side length Lp of the metal patch is 0.81 lambda to 0.83 lambda; wherein: L 11 L is 0.26λ to 0.28λ, L 12 L is 0.33λ to 0.35λ; L 21 is 0.34λ to 0.36λ, L 22 is 0.34λ to 0.36λ; D is 0.38 lambda to 0.40 lambda; lambda is the wavelength corresponding to the frequency of 2.52 GHz.

8. The dual performance antenna of claim 6, wherein, Lp is 0.82λ, L 11 is 0.27λ, L 12 is 0.34λ, L 21 is 0.35λ, L 22 is 0.35λ, D is 0.39λ; λ is the wavelength corresponding to a frequency of 2.52 GHz.

9. The dual performance antenna of claim 3, wherein, Along the second direction, the width of the first slit is W1, the width of the second slit is W2, and the width of the flow channel of the flow guide is W3, wherein W3 is greater than or equal to W1 and W3 is greater than or equal to W2.

10. The dual performance antenna of claim 1, wherein, The radio frequency connector has a feeding probe, the dielectric substrate is provided with a first through hole, and the metal patch is provided with a second through hole at a position corresponding to the first through hole; the feeding probe is arranged in the first through hole and the second through hole and is welded with the metal patch in the first through hole, and the outer side wall of the feeding probe is connected with the dielectric substrate; the metal patch is fed through the feeding probe.

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