Electrospindle structure

Abstract

This invention provides an electric spindle structure. The electric spindle structure includes a front bearing assembly (23), a rear bearing (15), a front bearing cooling channel, and a rear bearing cooling channel. The front bearing cooling channel is used to cool the front bearing assembly (23), and the rear bearing cooling channel is used to cool the rear bearing (15). The front and rear bearing cooling channels are connected in series, and the front bearing cooling channel is located upstream of the rear bearing cooling channel along the flow direction of the coolant. According to the electric spindle structure of this invention, the cooling channels of the electric spindle structure can be optimized, improving the cooling effect during the operation of the electric spindle and ensuring the machining accuracy of the electric spindle.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of electric spindle technology, and more specifically, to an electric spindle structure. Background Technology

[0002] An electric spindle is a spindle driven by an electric motor in machine tool processing. Electric spindles are typically used for high-speed, high-precision machining tasks such as milling, drilling, and turning. Electric spindles can be speed-adjusted according to machining requirements, improving machining efficiency and quality. Furthermore, electric spindles can achieve automated control, further enhancing production efficiency and precision.

[0003] An electric spindle typically consists of a motor, spindle bearings, spindle housing, cooling system, and control system. The electric spindle cools the cutting tool through a central water outlet, usually via a rotary joint mounted at the rear of the spindle; however, this rotary joint carries the risk of leakage. During spindle operation, the temperature rise of the bearings and motor causes thermal expansion of the spindle. Cooling channels are typically installed around the bearings and motor to ensure the accuracy of the machined parts.

[0004] The current cooling system design of electric spindles is unreasonable, resulting in poor cooling effect. During the operation of the electric spindle, it is still easy for the electric spindle to elongate due to insufficient cooling, which affects the machining accuracy of the electric spindle. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The main objective of this invention is to provide an electric spindle structure that optimizes the cooling channels of the electric spindle structure, improves the cooling effect during the operation of the electric spindle, and ensures the machining accuracy of the electric spindle.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, according to one aspect of the present invention, an electric spindle structure is provided, including a front bearing assembly, a rear bearing, a front bearing cooling channel, and a rear bearing cooling channel. The front bearing cooling channel is used to cool the front bearing assembly, and the rear bearing cooling channel is used to cool the rear bearing. The front bearing cooling channel and the rear bearing cooling channel are connected in series, and the front bearing cooling channel is located upstream of the rear bearing cooling channel along the flow direction of the coolant.

[0007] Furthermore, the front bearing cooling channel includes a front cooling ring, a rear cooling ring, a water passage, and multiple axial channels. The water passage connects the front cooling ring and the rear cooling ring. The multiple axial channels include a bushing inlet channel and an outlet channel. The bushing inlet channel is connected to one of the front cooling ring and the rear cooling ring, and the outlet channel is connected to the other of the front cooling ring and the rear cooling ring. The rear bearing cooling channel is connected to at least one of the multiple axial channels.

[0008] Furthermore, the bushing inlet channel is connected to the front cooling ring, and the outlet channel is connected to the rear cooling ring. The coolant flows through the bushing inlet channel, then through the front cooling ring, the water passage, the rear cooling ring, and the outlet channel before entering the rear bearing cooling channel.

[0009] Furthermore, the front cooling ring includes a first cooling ring and a second cooling ring spaced apart axially, and the rear cooling ring includes a third cooling ring and a fourth cooling ring spaced apart axially. The first cooling ring and the second cooling ring, as well as the third cooling ring and the fourth cooling ring, are connected by axially extending water inlets. The bushing inlet channel is connected to the first cooling ring, the outlet channel is connected to the fourth cooling ring, and the water passage is connected to the second cooling ring and the third cooling ring.

[0010] Furthermore, the water outlet channel includes a first channel and a second channel, and the axial channel also includes a bushing water outlet channel. The first channel and the second channel are arranged circumferentially at intervals along the rear cooling ring. A portion of the axial channels are arranged sequentially on the side of the first channel away from the second channel in a direction away from the first channel, and another portion of the axial channels are arranged sequentially on the side of the second channel away from the first channel in a direction away from the second channel. Adjacent axial channels are connected in series through circumferentially extended water channels and are connected together to the bushing water outlet channel. The bushing water outlet channel is connected to the rear bearing cooling channel.

[0011] Furthermore, the axial flow channel also includes a third flow channel, a fourth flow channel, a fifth flow channel, a sixth flow channel, a seventh flow channel, an eighth flow channel, a ninth flow channel, and a tenth flow channel. The third, fifth, seventh, ninth, and tenth flow channels are connected in series with the first flow channel in turn. The fourth, sixth, and eighth flow channels are connected in series with the second flow channel in turn. The eighth and tenth flow channels are connected together to the shaft sleeve outlet flow channel.

[0012] Furthermore, the rear bearing cooling channel includes a rear inlet channel, a cooling tank, and an outlet channel. The cooling tank is annular. The first end of the rear inlet channel is connected to the axial channel, the second end of the rear inlet channel is connected to the cooling tank, and the outlet channel is connected to the cooling tank.

[0013] Furthermore, the bushing water inlet channel is connected to the front cooling ring through the forward water inlet channel, which is Z-shaped.

[0014] Furthermore, the electric spindle structure also includes a bushing, a front bearing housing, a shaft core, a front water ring, and a front assembly. The front bearing assembly is sleeved on the shaft core and the front bearing ring is sleeved outside the front bearing assembly. A portion of the first end of the front bearing housing is embedded in the bushing, and a portion of the second end of the front bearing housing is sleeved inside the front water ring. The front assembly is located at the ends of the front bearing assembly and the front bearing housing. The front cooling ring is located at the second end of the front bearing housing, and the rear cooling ring is located at the first end of the front bearing housing. The water flow channel is axially arranged inside the front bearing housing, and the bushing inlet channel and axial flow channel are opened inside the bushing.

[0015] Furthermore, the electric spindle structure also includes a rear bearing housing, a rear bearing housing positioning sleeve, a bushing, and a shaft core. The rear bearing is sleeved on the shaft core, the rear bearing housing is sleeved on the rear bearing, the rear bearing housing positioning sleeve is installed on the bushing, and the rear bearing cooling channel includes an annular cooling groove, which is located between the rear bearing housing and the rear bearing housing positioning sleeve.

[0016] Furthermore, the rear bearing housing is provided with radial sealing rings at both ends of the cooling groove, and an axial sealing ring is provided on the mating end face of the rear bearing housing; and / or, a retaining ring is provided at the end of the positioning sleeve of the rear bearing housing, the retaining ring forms an axial limit on the rear bearing housing, the first end of the outer ring of the rear bearing abuts against the retaining ring, and the second end of the outer ring of the rear bearing abuts against the rear bearing housing.

[0017] Furthermore, the electric spindle structure also includes a rotary joint, a cylinder cover, a cylinder body, a floating stator, an induction plate connecting rod, a rear locking ring, a pipe disc, an encoder gear, and a tie rod. The cylinder cover, floating stator, induction plate connecting rod, rear locking ring, and tie rod form a first drainage channel. A water passage hole is provided on the floating stator, and a drainage groove is provided on the pipe disc. The first drainage channel is connected to the drainage groove through the water passage hole. The pipe disc, encoder gear, and rear bearing seat form a second drainage channel, and a drain outlet is provided on it. The second drainage channel is connected to the drain outlet.

[0018] Furthermore, a water-blocking groove is provided on the rear locking ring, and the pipe plate includes a water-blocking ring and a mounting platform. The mounting platform is annular and located on the outer periphery of the water-blocking ring. A drainage groove is formed between the mounting platform and the water-blocking ring, and the water-blocking ring extends into the water-blocking groove to form a labyrinth-type sealing structure.

[0019] Furthermore, the electric spindle structure also includes a spring cover, a spring, and a cylinder mounting base. The cylinder mounting base is mounted on the pipeline plate, and the spring cover is mounted on the cylinder mounting base. The spring cover has a spring hole facing the floating stator. The spring is installed in the spring hole, with the first end of the spring elastically abutting against the spring cover and the second end of the spring elastically abutting against the floating stator.

[0020] Furthermore, a rear bearing housing notch is provided on the rear bearing housing, and a cable outlet water baffle ring is provided on the rear bearing housing notch. The cable outlet water baffle ring extends out of the rear bearing housing notch and includes a cable outlet ring groove with a motor cable outlet hole. The cable outlet ring groove is provided corresponding to the motor cable outlet hole.

[0021] Furthermore, a first sealing ring is provided between the water-blocking ring at the outlet and the end face of the motor outlet hole.

[0022] According to the technical solution of this invention, the electric spindle structure includes a front bearing assembly, a rear bearing, a front bearing cooling channel, and a rear bearing cooling channel. The front bearing cooling channel is used to cool the front bearing assembly, and the rear bearing cooling channel is used to cool the rear bearing. The front and rear bearing cooling channels are connected in series, and the front bearing cooling channel is located upstream of the rear bearing cooling channel along the flow direction of the coolant. This electric spindle structure features an optimized design for the cooling channels, including both a front bearing cooling channel for cooling the front bearing assembly and a rear bearing cooling channel for cooling the rear bearing. Therefore, it can simultaneously cool both the front and rear bearings, improving the heat dissipation effect of the electric spindle. With the front and rear bearing cooling channels connected in series and the front bearing cooling channel located upstream of the rear bearing cooling channel, when cooling the electric spindle, the coolant can first cool the front bearing assembly, which generates more heat quickly, and then cool the rear bearing, which generates less heat. This effectively avoids the problem of delayed cooling of the front bearing assembly, improves the cooling efficiency and effect of the electric spindle, and ensures the machining accuracy of the electric spindle. Attached Figure Description

[0023] The accompanying drawings, which form part of this application, are used to provide a further understanding of the invention. The illustrative embodiments of the invention and their descriptions are used to explain the invention and do not constitute an undue limitation of the invention. In the drawings:

[0024] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the cooling channel structure of the electric spindle structure according to an embodiment of the present invention is shown;

[0025] Figure 2 A schematic diagram of the rear waterproof structure of the electric spindle structure according to an embodiment of the present invention is shown;

[0026] Figure 3 A cross-sectional view of the electric spindle structure according to an embodiment of the present invention is shown in the AA direction;

[0027] Figure 4 A three-dimensional structural schematic diagram of the spring cover of the electric spindle structure according to an embodiment of the present invention is shown;

[0028] Figure 5 A three-dimensional structural schematic diagram of the outlet water baffle ring of the electric spindle structure according to an embodiment of the present invention is shown; and

[0029] Figure 6 A schematic diagram of the front cooling structure of the electric spindle structure according to an embodiment of the present invention is shown.

[0030] The above figures include the following reference numerals:

[0031] 1. Rotary joint; 2. Cylinder cover; 3. Cylinder body; 4. Spring cover; 4-1. Spring hole; 5. Return spring; 6. Floating stator; 6-1. Outer limiting ring; 6-2. Water passage hole; 7. Cylinder mounting base; 8. Induction plate connecting rod; 9. Rear locking ring; 9-1. Water baffle groove; 10. Pipeline tray; 10-1. Water baffle ring; 10-2. Drainage groove; 10-3. Mounting platform; 10-4. Drainage 11. Encoder gear; 12. Outlet water baffle ring; 12-1. Outlet ring groove; 13. Rear bearing housing; 13-1. Water baffle platform; 13-2. Cooling tank; 13-3. Notch; 14. First sealing ring; 15. Rear bearing; 16. Rear bearing housing positioning sleeve; 16-1. Motor outlet hole; 16-2. Drain port; 16-3. Retaining ring; 16-4. Rear water inlet channel; 16-5. Discharge channel 17. Shaft sleeve; 17-1. Shaft sleeve inlet channel; 17-2. First channel; 17-3. Second channel; 17-4. Third channel; 17-5. Fourth channel; 17-6. Fifth channel; 17-7. Sixth channel; 17-8. Seventh channel; 17-9. Eighth channel; 17-10. Ninth channel; 17-11. Tenth channel; 17-12. Shaft sleeve outlet channel; 17-13 18. Water channel; 19. Second sealing ring; 20. Third sealing ring; 21. Tie rod; 22. Shaft core; 22. Front bearing housing; 22-1. First cooling ring; 22-2. Second cooling ring; 22-3. Third cooling ring; 22-4. Fourth cooling ring; 22-5. Front water flow channel; 22-6. Water flow channel; 22-7. Water outlet; 23. Front bearing assembly; 24. Front water ring; 25. Front assembly. Detailed Implementation

[0032] It should be noted that, unless otherwise specified, the embodiments and features described in this application can be combined with each other. The present invention will now be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

[0033] See also Figures 1 to 6 As shown, according to an embodiment of the present invention, the electric spindle structure includes a front bearing assembly 23, a rear bearing 15, a front bearing cooling channel, and a rear bearing cooling channel. The front bearing cooling channel is used to cool the front bearing assembly 23, and the rear bearing cooling channel is used to cool the rear bearing 15. The front bearing cooling channel and the rear bearing cooling channel are connected in series. Along the flow direction of the coolant, the front bearing cooling channel is located upstream of the rear bearing cooling channel.

[0034] The electric spindle structure features an optimized cooling channel design, incorporating both a front bearing cooling channel for cooling the front bearing assembly 23 and a rear bearing cooling channel for cooling the rear bearing 15. This allows for simultaneous cooling of both the front bearing assembly 23 and the rear bearing 15, improving the spindle's heat dissipation. The front and rear bearing cooling channels are connected in series, with the front bearing cooling channel located upstream of the rear bearing cooling channel. When cooling the electric spindle, the coolant can first cool the faster-heating front bearing assembly 23, and then cool the slower-heating rear bearing 15. This effectively avoids the problem of delayed cooling of the front bearing assembly 23, improving the spindle's cooling efficiency and effect, and ensuring the spindle's machining accuracy.

[0035] In one embodiment, the front bearing cooling channel includes a front cooling ring, a rear cooling ring, a water passage 22-6, and a plurality of axial channels. The water passage 22-6 connects the front cooling ring and the rear cooling ring. The plurality of axial channels include a bushing inlet channel 17-1 and an outlet channel. The bushing inlet channel 17-1 is connected to one of the front cooling ring and the rear cooling ring, and the outlet channel is connected to the other of the front cooling ring and the rear cooling ring. The rear bearing cooling channel is connected to at least one of the plurality of axial channels.

[0036] In this embodiment, the cooling area of ​​the front bearing assembly 23 is divided into two parts: a front cooling ring and a rear cooling ring. The front cooling ring cools the front bearing assembly 23 located at the front end, and the rear cooling ring cools the front bearing assembly 23 located at the rear end. This is suitable for situations where there are multiple front bearings on the spindle or a long span between the front bearings. It can reduce the elongation of the front end of the spindle and improve the rigidity of the spindle. The water flow channel 22-6 can connect the front cooling ring and the rear cooling ring, and at the same time cool the middle area of ​​the front bearing assembly 23, further improving the cooling effect of the front bearing assembly 23.

[0037] In one embodiment, the bushing inlet channel 17-1 is connected to the front cooling ring, and the outlet channel is connected to the rear cooling ring. The coolant flows through the bushing inlet channel 17-1, then through the front cooling ring, the water passage 22-6, the rear cooling ring, and the outlet channel, and enters the rear bearing cooling channel.

[0038] In this embodiment, the coolant flows sequentially through the bushing inlet channel 17-1, the front cooling ring, the water passage channel 22-6, the rear cooling ring, and the outlet channel into the rear bearing cooling channel. This optimizes the flow sequence of the coolant, further improving its utilization efficiency, heat exchange effect, and reducing the temperature rise of the electric spindle, thereby enhancing its working accuracy.

[0039] In one embodiment, the coolant can also flow sequentially through the bushing inlet channel 17-1, the rear cooling ring, the water passage channel 22-6, the front cooling ring, and the outlet channel into the rear bearing cooling channel.

[0040] In one embodiment, the front cooling ring includes a first cooling ring 22-1 and a second cooling ring 22-2 that are axially spaced apart, and the rear cooling ring includes a third cooling ring 22-3 and a fourth cooling ring 22-4 that are axially spaced apart. The first cooling ring 22-1 and the second cooling ring 22-2, and the third cooling ring 22-3 and the fourth cooling ring 22-4 are respectively connected by axially extending water inlets 22-7. The bushing inlet channel 17-1 is connected to the first cooling ring 22-1, the outlet channel is connected to the fourth cooling ring 22-4, and the water passage 22-6 is connected to the second cooling ring 22-2 and the third cooling ring 22-3.

[0041] In this embodiment, the front cooling ring includes at least two cooling rings spaced apart along the axial direction of the electric spindle, and these cooling rings are connected in sequence through water inlets 7, which can increase the cooling area of ​​the front end of the front bearing assembly 23 and improve the cooling effect on the front end of the front bearing assembly 23. The rear cooling ring includes at least two cooling rings spaced apart along the axial direction of the electric spindle, and these cooling rings are connected in sequence through water inlets 7, which can increase the cooling area of ​​the rear end of the front bearing assembly 23 and improve the cooling effect on the rear end of the front bearing assembly 23.

[0042] In one embodiment, the water outlet channel includes a first channel 17-2 and a second channel 17-3, and the axial channel also includes a bushing water outlet channel 17-12. The first channel 17-2 and the second channel 17-3 are arranged circumferentially at intervals along the rear cooling ring. A portion of the axial channels are arranged sequentially on the side of the first channel 17-2 away from the second channel 17-3 in a direction away from the first channel 17-2. Another portion of the axial channels are arranged sequentially on the side of the second channel 17-3 away from the first channel 17-2 in a direction away from the second channel 17-3. Adjacent axial channels are connected in series through a circumferentially extending water channel 17-13 and are jointly connected to the bushing water outlet channel 17-12. The bushing water outlet channel 17-12 is connected to the rear bearing cooling channel.

[0043] In this embodiment, the cooling channel is configured with two outlet channels at the rear cooling ring, namely the first channel 17-2 and the second channel 17-3. The other axial channels are divided into two groups. One group of axial channels is connected to the first channel 17-2 in sequence through the water channel 17-13 to form an S-shaped first channel structure. The other group of axial channels is connected to the second channel 17-3 in sequence through the water channel 17-13 to form an S-shaped second channel structure. The first channel structure and the second channel structure perform reciprocating cooling of the motor from opposite directions. Finally, the first channel structure and the second channel structure converge at the water channel 17-13 and enter the rear bearing cooling channel from the bushing outlet channel 17-12. The reciprocating cooling of the motor with two inlets and one outlet can improve the spindle cooling efficiency.

[0044] In one embodiment, the axial flow channel further includes a third flow channel 17-4, a fourth flow channel 17-5, a fifth flow channel 17-6, a sixth flow channel 17-7, a seventh flow channel 17-8, an eighth flow channel 17-9, a ninth flow channel 17-10, and a tenth flow channel 17-11. The third flow channel 17-4, the fifth flow channel 17-6, the seventh flow channel 17-8, the ninth flow channel 17-10, and the tenth flow channel 17-11 are connected in series with the first flow channel 17-2. The fourth flow channel 17-5, the sixth flow channel 17-7, and the eighth flow channel 17-9 are connected in series with the second flow channel 17-3. The eighth flow channel 17-9 and the tenth flow channel 17-11 are connected together to the bushing outlet flow channel 17-12.

[0045] In one embodiment, the rear bearing cooling channel includes a rear water inlet channel 16-4, a cooling tank 13-2, and an outlet channel 16-5. The cooling tank 13-2 is annular. The first end of the rear water inlet channel 16-4 is connected to the axial channel, the second end of the rear water inlet channel 16-4 is connected to the cooling tank 13-2, and the outlet channel 16-5 is connected to the cooling tank 13-2.

[0046] In this embodiment, the rear bearing cooling channel uses an annular cooling tank 13-2 to cool the rear bearing 15. The cooling tank 13-2 can promptly remove the heat transferred to the rear bearing 15, thereby improving the cooling efficiency of the electric spindle. The rear water inlet channel 16-4 is used to connect with the axial channel, facilitating the delivery of coolant from the front bearing assembly 23 to the cooling tank 13-2 to cool the rear bearing 15. The discharge channel 16-5 is used to discharge the coolant from the cooling tank 13-2, realizing the delivery of coolant. The rear water inlet channel 16-4 and the discharge channel 16-5 are located at opposite ends of the diameter of the cooling tank 13-2, which facilitates the uniform distribution of coolant within the cooling tank 13-2 and ensures uniform heat exchange after distribution, improving the cooling effect.

[0047] In one embodiment, the bushing inlet channel 17-1 is connected to the front cooling ring through the forward water channel 22-5, which is Z-shaped.

[0048] In this embodiment, the forward water flow channel 22-5 adopts a Z-shaped structure, which can achieve misalignment in the axial and radial directions. This facilitates the connection between the bushing water inlet channel 17-1 and the front cooling ring, and avoids interference between the bushing water inlet channel 17-1 and the rear cooling ring.

[0049] In one embodiment, the electric spindle structure further includes a bushing 17, a front bearing housing 22, a spindle core 21, a front water ring 24, and a front assembly 25. The front bearing assembly 23 is sleeved on the spindle core 21 and the front bearing assembly 23 is sleeved outside the front bearing assembly 23. A portion of the first end of the front bearing housing 22 is embedded in the bushing 17, and a portion of the second end of the front bearing housing 22 is sleeved inside the front water ring 24. The front assembly 25 is disposed at the ends of the front bearing assembly 23 and the front bearing housing 22. The front cooling ring is located at the second end of the front bearing housing 22, and the rear cooling ring is located at the first end of the front bearing housing 22. The water passage 22-6 is axially disposed inside the front bearing housing 22. The bushing inlet water passage 17-1 and the axial passage are opened inside the bushing 17.

[0050] The front bearing housing 22 is fixed on the bushing 17. A part of the front bearing housing 22 is embedded in the bushing 17 to form a third cooling ring 22-3 and a fourth cooling ring 22-4. The third cooling ring 22-3 communicates with the fourth cooling ring 22-4 through the water inlet 22-7. The fourth cooling ring 22-4 communicates with the first flow channel 17-2 and the second flow channel 17-3 on the bushing 17. The other part of the front bearing housing 22 and the front water ring 24 form a first cooling ring 22-1 and a second cooling ring 22-2. The first cooling ring 22-1 communicates with the second cooling ring 22-2 through the water inlet 22-7. The second cooling ring 22-2 communicates with the third cooling ring 22-3 through the water flow channel 22-6. The first cooling ring 22-1 communicates with the forward water flow channel 22-5. The bushing inlet water flow channel 17-1 communicates with the forward water flow channel 22-5. At this time, the cooling channels of the front bearing assembly 23 are connected to form a 1-in-2-out structure. The first flow channel 17-2, the third flow channel 17-4, the fifth flow channel 17-6, the seventh flow channel 17-8, the ninth flow channel 17-10, and the tenth flow channel 17-11 on the bushing 17 are connected sequentially by the water channel 17-13. Similarly, the second flow channel 17-3, the fourth flow channel 17-5, the sixth flow channel 17-7, and the eighth flow channel 17-9 on the bushing 17 are connected sequentially by the water channel 17-13. The two connected cooling channels on the bushing 17 are connected to the bushing outlet flow channel 17-12 through the larger water channel 17-13, so that the motor cooling channel forms a 2-inlet and 1-outlet structure. The bushing outlet water channel 17-12 is connected to the rear inlet water channel 16-4. After the cooling water cools the motor, it passes through the bushing outlet water channel 17-12 and the rear inlet water channel 16-4 to the cooling tank 13-2 of the rear bearing housing to cool the rear bearing. Finally, the coolant is discharged through the discharge channel 16-5 on the positioning sleeve 16 of the rear bearing housing.

[0051] The front bearing assembly 23 is mounted on the shaft core 21. The inner and outer rings of the bearing in the front bearing assembly 23 are pressed together by the front bearing housing 22 and the front end assembly 25. The front bearing assembly is cooled in two sections, which is suitable for situations where the front bearing assembly has a long span and multiple bearings are combined. At the same time, it can also shorten the length of the spindle nose and enhance the spindle rigidity. When the spindle is running, the coolant enters the forward water flow channel 22-5 on the front bearing housing 22 through the bushing water inlet channel 17-1. It passes through the first cooling ring 22-1, the second cooling ring 22-2, the water flow channel 22-6, the third cooling ring 22-3, and the fourth cooling ring 22-4, and finally splits into two paths, entering the first flow channel 17-2 and the second flow channel 17-3 on the bushing 17 respectively. At this time, the cooling of the front bearing assembly 23 is completed. The coolant enters the bushing flow channel in two paths. One path flows through the first flow channel 17-2, the third flow channel 17-4, the fifth flow channel 17-6, the seventh flow channel 17-8, the ninth flow channel 17-10, and the tenth flow channel 17-11, connected by a water channel 17-13. The other path flows through the second flow channel 17-3, the fourth flow channel 17-5, the sixth flow channel 17-7, and the eighth flow channel 17-9, also connected by a water channel 17-13. Both paths converge at the bushing outlet flow channel 17-12 and then into the rear inlet flow channel 16-4, at which point the motor has been cooled. The coolant then flows through the rear inlet flow channel 16-4 to the cooling tank 13-2 of the rear bearing housing to cool the rear bearing 15. Finally, the coolant is discharged through the outlet flow channel 16-5 on the rear bearing housing positioning sleeve 16, completing the cooling of the rear bearing 15.

[0052] In one embodiment, the electric spindle structure further includes a rear bearing housing 13, a rear bearing housing positioning sleeve 16, a bushing 17, and a shaft core 21. The rear bearing 15 is sleeved on the shaft core 21, the rear bearing housing 13 is sleeved on the rear bearing 15, the rear bearing housing positioning sleeve 16 is mounted on the bushing 17, and the rear bearing cooling channel includes an annular cooling groove 13-2, which is disposed between the rear bearing housing 13 and the rear bearing housing positioning sleeve 16.

[0053] In one embodiment, the rear bearing housing 13 is provided with radial sealing rings at both ends of the cooling groove 13-2, and an axial sealing ring is provided on the mating end face of the rear bearing housing 13.

[0054] In one embodiment, a retaining ring 16-3 is provided at the end of the rear bearing housing positioning sleeve 16. The retaining ring 16-3 forms an axial limit on the rear bearing housing 13. The first end of the outer ring of the rear bearing 15 abuts against the retaining ring 16-3, and the second end of the outer ring of the rear bearing 15 abuts against the rear bearing housing 13.

[0055] A cooling channel is provided between the rear bearing housing positioning sleeve 16 and the rear bearing housing 13. A radial sealing ring is arranged at one end of the cooling groove 13-2, and a radial sealing ring and an axial sealing ring are arranged at the other end, which can ensure the sealing of the channel formed by the cooling groove 13-2. The outer ring end face of the rear bearing 15 of the spindle is directly pressed by the rear bearing housing positioning sleeve 16 and the rear bearing housing 13, without the need for additional parts to press the outer ring of the rear bearing, which can shorten the length of the spindle.

[0056] In one embodiment, the electric spindle structure further includes a rotary joint 1, a cylinder cover 2, a cylinder body 3, a floating stator 6, an induction plate connecting rod 8, a rear locking ring 9, a pipeline plate 10, an encoder gear 11, and a pull rod 20. The cylinder cover 2, the floating stator 6, the induction plate connecting rod 8, the rear locking ring 9, and the pull rod 20 form a first drainage channel. A water passage hole 6-2 is provided on the floating stator 6, and a drainage groove 10-2 is provided on the pipeline plate 10. The first drainage channel is connected to the drainage groove 10-2 through the water passage hole 6-2. The pipeline plate 10, the encoder gear 11, the rear bearing seat 13, and the rear bearing seat positioning sleeve 16 form a second drainage channel. A drain port 16-2 is provided on the rear bearing seat positioning sleeve 16, and the second drainage channel is connected to the drain port 16-2.

[0057] In this embodiment, the first drainage channel, the water passage hole 6-2 and the drainage groove 10-2 form a primary waterproof structure, and the second drainage channel and the discharge port 16-2 form a secondary waterproof structure, which can form a two-level waterproof structure at the rear end of the spindle and improve the waterproof performance of the rear end of the spindle.

[0058] In one embodiment, a water-blocking groove 9-1 is provided on the rear locking ring 9, and the pipe plate 10 includes a water-blocking ring 10-1 and a mounting platform 10-3. The mounting platform 10-3 is annular and located on the outer periphery of the water-blocking ring 10-1. A drainage groove 10-2 is formed between the mounting platform 10-3 and the water-blocking ring 10-1, and the water-blocking ring 10-1 extends into the water-blocking groove 9-1 to form a labyrinth-type sealing structure.

[0059] In this embodiment, the pipe plate 10 in the first-level waterproofing is set as a raised mounting platform 10-3 at the installation position with the cylinder fixing seat 7, forming a drainage groove 10-2 with the water baffle ring 10-1, which can enhance the water drainage capacity of the rear end of the spindle.

[0060] In one embodiment, the electric spindle structure further includes a spring cover 4, a return spring 5, and a cylinder mounting base 7. The cylinder mounting base 7 is mounted on the pipeline plate 10, and the spring cover 4 is mounted on the cylinder mounting base 7. The spring cover 4 has a spring hole 4-1, which faces the floating stator 6. The return spring 5 is installed in the spring hole 4-1. The first end of the return spring 5 elastically abuts against the spring cover 4, and the second end of the return spring 5 elastically abuts against the floating stator 6.

[0061] In this embodiment, the reset spring 5 is installed in the spring hole 4-1 opened on the spring cover 4, which has a reset function for the floating stator 6 and the cylinder body 3. A sealing ring is provided radially between the spring cover 4 and the cylinder body 3, and a sealing ring is provided radially between the floating stator 6 and the spring cover 4 to increase the stability of the floating cylinder during the floating process.

[0062] In one embodiment, a rear bearing housing 13 is provided with a rear bearing housing notch 13-3, and a wire outlet water baffle ring 12 is provided in the rear bearing housing notch 13-3. The wire outlet water baffle ring 12 extends out of the rear bearing housing notch 13-3 and includes a wire outlet ring groove 12-1. A motor wire outlet hole 16-1 is provided on the rear bearing housing positioning sleeve 16, and the wire outlet ring groove 12-1 is provided corresponding to the motor wire outlet hole 16-1.

[0063] In the secondary waterproofing process, a water-blocking ring 12 is installed at the location of the motor outlet hole 16-1 on the rear bearing housing positioning sleeve 16. An axial sealing ring is provided between the water-blocking ring 12 and the rear bearing housing positioning sleeve 16. This can improve the grinding accuracy of the rear bearing housing positioning sleeve 16 when the bearing is pre-tightened, reduce processing costs, and improve sealing performance.

[0064] In one embodiment, a first sealing ring 14 is provided between the outlet water baffle ring 12 and the end face of the motor outlet hole 16-1, which can further improve the sealing performance between the outlet water baffle ring 12 and the motor outlet hole 16-1 and effectively prevent coolant leakage.

[0065] If the rotary joint 1 leaks, the leaked coolant passes through the induction plate connecting rod 8 and the rear locking ring 9, then through the water passage hole 6-2 of the floating stator 6 and collects in the drain groove 10-2, finally being discharged through the drain port 10-4 on the pipe plate 10. The height of the mounting platform 10-3 on the pipe plate 10 can be the same as the height of the water baffle ring 10-1. The drain groove 10-2 formed by the mounting platform 10-3 and the water baffle ring 10-1 can increase the cross-sectional area of ​​the drain port, thereby improving drainage efficiency. The labyrinth seal formed by the water baffle ring 10-1 and the water baffle groove 9-1 can block some splashing water droplets, water vapor and other impurities, and also separates the rear cylinder part of the spindle from the inside of the spindle. If leaked coolant enters the spindle through the labyrinth seal, it will flow through the encoder gear 11 to the rear bearing housing 13. The baffle 13-1 blocks the leaked coolant from reaching the rear bearing 15. The outlet baffle ring 12 protrudes from the end face of the rear bearing housing 13, preventing the leaked coolant from reaching the motor. Furthermore, the sealing ring 14 between the outlet baffle ring 12 and the rear bearing housing positioning sleeve 16 further blocks the leaked coolant. At this time, the leaked coolant can only be discharged from the spindle through several drain ports 16-2 opened on the rear bearing housing positioning sleeve 16. The drain ports 16-2 are located at the water-blocking end of the drainage groove formed by the rear bearing housing positioning sleeve 16 and the rear bearing housing 13, and have a certain inclination angle. This inclination angle makes the drainage groove tilt outward along the direction of water flow, which facilitates the discharge and complete drainage of the leaked coolant. In addition to preventing coolant leakage, the outlet water baffle ring 12 can also improve the processing technology of the rear bearing housing positioning sleeve 16 to meet the positioning and pre-tightening requirements of the rear bearing 15. The rear bearing 15 uses the rear bearing housing positioning sleeve 16 and the rear bearing housing 13 to fix the outer ring of the bearing, eliminating the need for additional parts to press the outer ring of the rear bearing, thus shortening the spindle length.

[0066] It should be noted that the terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to limit the exemplary embodiments according to this application. As used herein, the singular form is intended to include the plural form as well, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise. Furthermore, it should be understood that when the terms "comprising" and / or "including" are used in this specification, they indicate the presence of features, steps, operations, devices, components, and / or combinations thereof.

[0067] It should be noted that the terms "first," "second," etc., used in the specification, claims, and accompanying drawings of this application are used to distinguish similar objects and are not necessarily used to describe a specific order or sequence. It should be understood that such data can be interchanged where appropriate so that the embodiments of this application described herein can be implemented in sequences other than those illustrated or described herein.

[0068] The above are merely preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention. Various modifications and variations can be made to the present invention by those skilled in the art. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. An electric spindle structure, characterized in that, The system includes a front bearing assembly (23), a rear bearing (15), a front bearing cooling channel, and a rear bearing cooling channel. The front bearing cooling channel is used to cool the front bearing assembly (23), and the rear bearing cooling channel is used to cool the rear bearing (15). The front bearing cooling channel and the rear bearing cooling channel are connected in series and run along the flow direction of the coolant. The front bearing cooling channel is located upstream of the rear bearing cooling channel. The front bearing cooling channel includes a front cooling ring, a rear cooling ring, a water passage (22-6), and multiple axial channels. The water passage (22-6) connects the front cooling ring and the rear cooling ring. The multiple axial channels include a bushing inlet channel (17-1) and an outlet channel. The bushing inlet channel (17-1) is connected to the front cooling ring. The cooling ring is connected to one of the rear cooling rings, the water outlet channel is connected to the other of the front cooling rings and the rear cooling rings, and the rear bearing cooling channel is connected to at least one of the plurality of axial channels; the bushing inlet channel (17-1) is connected to the front cooling ring, the water outlet channel is connected to the rear cooling ring, and the coolant flows through the bushing inlet channel (17-1) sequentially through the front cooling ring, the water passage channel (22-6), the rear cooling ring and the water outlet channel into the rear bearing cooling channel; the water outlet channel includes a first channel (17-2) and a second channel (17-3), and the first channel (17-2) and the second channel (17-3) are arranged at intervals along the circumference of the rear cooling ring.

2. The electric spindle structure according to claim 1, characterized in that, The axial flow channel further includes a bushing outlet water flow channel (17-12). A portion of the axial flow channels are arranged sequentially on the side of the first flow channel (17-2) away from the second flow channel (17-3) in a direction away from the first flow channel (17-2). Another portion of the axial flow channels are arranged sequentially on the side of the second flow channel (17-3) away from the first flow channel (17-2) in a direction away from the second flow channel (17-3). Adjacent axial flow channels are connected in series through a circumferentially extending water channel (17-13) and are jointly connected to the bushing outlet water flow channel (17-12). The bushing outlet water flow channel (17-12) is connected to the rear bearing cooling flow channel.

3. The electric spindle structure according to claim 2, characterized in that, The axial flow channel further includes a third flow channel (17-4), a fourth flow channel (17-5), a fifth flow channel (17-6), a sixth flow channel (17-7), a seventh flow channel (17-8), an eighth flow channel (17-9), a ninth flow channel (17-10), and a tenth flow channel (17-11). The third flow channel (17-4), the fifth flow channel (17-6), the seventh flow channel (17-8), the ninth flow channel (17-10), and the tenth flow channel (17-11) are connected in series with the first flow channel (17-2). The fourth flow channel (17-5), the sixth flow channel (17-7), and the eighth flow channel (17-9) are connected in series with the second flow channel (17-3). The eighth flow channel (17-9) and the tenth flow channel (17-11) are connected together with the bushing outlet flow channel (17-12).

4. The electric spindle structure according to claim 1, characterized in that, The rear bearing cooling channel includes a rear water inlet channel (16-4), a cooling tank (13-2), and an outlet channel (16-5). The cooling tank (13-2) is annular. The first end of the rear water inlet channel (16-4) is connected to the axial channel, the second end of the rear water inlet channel (16-4) is connected to the cooling tank (13-2), and the outlet channel (16-5) is connected to the cooling tank (13-2).

5. The electric spindle structure according to claim 1, characterized in that, The bushing water inlet channel (17-1) is connected to the front cooling ring through the forward water channel (22-5), which is Z-shaped.

6. The electric spindle structure according to claim 1, characterized in that, The electric spindle structure also includes a bushing (17), a front bearing housing (22), a shaft core (21), a front water ring (24), and a front assembly (25). The front bearing assembly (23) is sleeved on the shaft core (21) and the front bearing assembly (23) is sleeved outside the front bearing assembly (23). A portion of the first end of the front bearing housing (22) is embedded in the bushing (17), and a portion of the second end of the front bearing housing (22) is sleeved inside the front water ring (24). The front assembly (25) is located at the ends of the front bearing assembly (23) and the front bearing housing (22). The front cooling ring is located at the second end of the front bearing housing (22), and the rear cooling ring is located at the first end of the front bearing housing (22). The water passage (22-6) is axially arranged inside the front bearing housing (22), and the bushing water inlet passage (17-1) and the axial passage are opened inside the bushing (17).

7. The electric spindle structure according to claim 1, characterized in that, The electric spindle structure also includes a rear bearing housing (13), a rear bearing housing positioning sleeve (16), a bushing (17), and a shaft core (21). The rear bearing (15) is sleeved on the shaft core (21), the rear bearing housing (13) is sleeved on the rear bearing (15), and the rear bearing housing positioning sleeve (16) is installed on the bushing (17). The rear bearing cooling channel includes an annular cooling groove (13-2), which is located between the rear bearing housing (13) and the rear bearing housing positioning sleeve (16).

8. The electric spindle structure according to claim 7, characterized in that, The rear bearing housing (13) is provided with radial sealing rings at both ends of the cooling groove (13-2), and an axial sealing ring is provided on the mating end face of the rear bearing housing (13); and / or, a retaining ring (16-3) is provided at the end of the rear bearing housing positioning sleeve (16), the retaining ring (16-3) forms an axial limit on the rear bearing housing (13), the first end of the outer ring of the rear bearing (15) abuts against the retaining ring (16-3), and the second end of the outer ring of the rear bearing (15) abuts against the rear bearing housing (13).

9. The electric spindle structure according to claim 7, characterized in that, The electric spindle structure also includes a rotary joint (1), a cylinder head (2), a cylinder body (3), a floating stator (6), an induction plate connecting rod (8), a rear locking ring (9), a pipeline disc (10), an encoder gear (11), and a pull rod (20). The cylinder head (2), the floating stator (6), the induction plate connecting rod (8), the rear locking ring (9), and the pull rod (20) form a first drainage channel. A water passage hole (6-2) is provided on the floating stator (6). The pipe plate (10) is provided with a drainage groove (10-2). The first drainage channel is connected to the drainage groove (10-2) through the water passage hole (6-2). The pipe plate (10), the encoder gear (11), the rear bearing seat (13) and the rear bearing seat positioning sleeve (16) form a second drainage channel. The rear bearing seat positioning sleeve (16) is provided with a drain port (16-2). The second drainage channel is connected to the drain port (16-2).

10. The electric spindle structure according to claim 9, characterized in that, The rear locking ring (9) is provided with a water-blocking groove (9-1). The pipe plate (10) includes a water-blocking ring (10-1) and a mounting platform (10-3). The mounting platform (10-3) is annular and located on the outer periphery of the water-blocking ring (10-1). The drainage groove (10-2) is formed between the mounting platform (10-3) and the water-blocking ring (10-1). The water-blocking ring (10-1) extends into the water-blocking groove (9-1) to form a labyrinth-type sealing structure.

11. The electric spindle structure according to claim 9, characterized in that, The electric spindle structure also includes a spring cover (4), a return spring (5), and a cylinder mounting base (7). The cylinder mounting base (7) is mounted on the pipeline plate (10), and the spring cover (4) is mounted on the cylinder mounting base (7). The spring cover (4) has a spring hole (4-1) facing the floating stator (6). The return spring (5) is installed in the spring hole (4-1). The first end of the return spring (5) elastically abuts against the spring cover (4), and the second end of the return spring (5) elastically abuts against the floating stator (6).

12. The electric spindle structure according to claim 7, characterized in that, The rear bearing housing (13) is provided with a rear bearing housing notch (13-3), and the rear bearing housing notch (13-3) is provided with a wire outlet water baffle ring (12). The wire outlet water baffle ring (12) extends out of the rear bearing housing notch (13-3). The wire outlet water baffle ring (12) includes a wire outlet ring groove (12-1). The rear bearing housing positioning sleeve (16) is provided with a motor wire outlet hole (16-1), and the wire outlet ring groove (12-1) is provided corresponding to the motor wire outlet hole (16-1).

13. The electric spindle structure according to claim 12, characterized in that, A first sealing ring (14) is provided between the end face of the outlet water baffle ring (12) and the motor outlet hole (16-1).

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