Adaptive impact slow-release shaped charge structure

Abstract

The present application relates to a kind of adaptive impact slow-release shaped charge structure, the adaptive impact slow-release shaped charge structure is based on traditional shaped charge structure, shell bottom, buffer ring and small baffle form material impedance high and low collocation, to reduce the amplitude of stress wave under external impact by shell to charge propagation;While using the high resilience of buffer ring and small baffle, by material deformation absorbing impact energy, further reduce the stress wave size of charge;And the adaptive impact slow-release shaped charge structure described above has the damage ability of traditional shaped charge structure.The above-mentioned shaped charge structure can effectively reduce the actual stress peak value of internal explosive under the condition of bottom axial load, ensure safety under the condition of external impact, solve the problem of safety of existing shaped charge structure when facing the impact of charge bottom direction.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of engineering blasting, and in particular to an adaptive impact slow-release shaped charge structure. Background Art

[0002] The shaped charge structure is a device used to destroy hard targets of a certain thickness and is widely used in various types of engineering blasting such as oil perforating bullets, rock drilling, and directional blasting. Figure 1 As shown, the shaped charge (shaped charge) primarily comprises an initiator 101, a booster charge 102, a secondary charge 103, a baffle 104, a primary charge 105, a liner 106, a shell 107, and a pressure ring 108. Its operation is as follows: the initiator sends a signal to detonate the explosive, which then uses the explosive's focused energy to collapse the liner, converging to form a high-temperature, high-velocity metal jet, which then creates a perforated hole in the target. During this process, the baffle primarily controls the direction of explosive detonation propagation and adjusts the detonation wave waveform acting on the liner. The shell primarily provides circumferential restraint, increasing destructive power, while also providing structural support for the shaped charge components during storage, transportation, and use.

[0003] Typically, research on shaped charge structures focuses on their destructive power. Engineers have employed methods such as structural improvements, increased charge weight, and the replacement of high-strength explosives to increase the depth or diameter of the shaped charge's opening. However, as a dangerous device containing explosives, shaped charges also present certain safety risks under severe impact, collision, and overload conditions. Therefore, the shaped charge structure itself and the system it houses require special care during transportation, service, and use, which also restricts its application in more severe conditions.

[0004] Traditional approaches to the impact safety of explosives primarily focus on the explosives themselves: research into desensitization, particle modification and coating, and explosive charging techniques. However, highly desensitized explosives often imply suboptimal detonation and performance, severely impacting the fundamental purpose of shaped charge structures. Therefore, the inventors considered optimizing and improving the traditional shaped charge structure from a design perspective to address the impact safety issue.

[0005] Under external impact load, all components inside the shaped charge shell are pressed in the opposite direction of acceleration by inertial force, and finally all the pressure is concentrated on the contact surface between the charge and the shell in the direction of the impact load source. According to the principle of impact dynamics, when an object is under pressure, the stress of its dangerous section is negatively correlated with the pressure-bearing area. Therefore, the impact stress of the explosive in the shaped charge structure is also related to the direction of the impact force. In the traditional shaped charge structure, due to the relationship between the overall aspect ratio and the shape of the liner, the bottom surface of the charge with a smaller contact area, i.e. Figure 1 The contact plane between the auxiliary charge and the shell is usually considered to be the most dangerous plane, that is, in the same external force impact process, the plane acting on Figure 1 Impact loading of the upper end face of the shell as shown will cause the most severe damage to the explosive charge. Summary of the Invention

[0006] The present invention provides an adaptive impact-controlled slow-release shaped charge structure, which can effectively reduce the actual stress peak of the internal explosive under the condition of being subjected to an axial load on the bottom surface, ensure safety under the condition of being subjected to external impact, and solve the safety problem of the existing shaped charge structure when facing impacts and shocks from the bottom surface of the charge.

[0007] To achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following technical solutions:

[0008] An adaptive impact slow-release shaped charge structure, comprising an initiating mechanism, a shell bottom, an auxiliary charge, a large partition, a main charge, a pressure ring, a buffer ring, a small partition, and a liner installed in a shell;

[0009] The shell is a cylindrical rotating body with two ends open, and an annular rib is provided at the top; along the axial direction of the shell, the buffer ring, the shell bottom, the auxiliary charge, the large partition, the main charge, the liner and the pressure ring are distributed in order from top to bottom;

[0010] The shell bottom is a bowl-shaped rotating body structure with a central threaded hole and an opening toward the bottom end of the shell, and the outer peripheral surface is tightly fitted with the inner wall surface of the shell;

[0011] The buffer ring is made of a high-elasticity material, with both ends abutting between the annular rib and the outer edge of the shell bottom, and a deformation gap is left between the outer peripheral surface and the inner wall surface of the shell;

[0012] The auxiliary charge is a rotating body structure with a central hole, with an upper central concave provided on the upper end surface and a lower central concave provided on the lower end surface. The circumferential outer edge adopts a stern-like design. The upper end is accommodated in the shell bottom and bonded to the inner side surface of the shell bottom to increase the force-bearing area. The lower end extends out of the outer peripheral surface of the shell bottom and is gap-fitted with the inner wall surface of the shell and is coated with an inert lubricating coating.

[0013] The detonating mechanism is a cylindrical structure, the upper end of which is threadedly connected to the central threaded hole of the shell bottom, and the lower end is inserted into the central hole of the auxiliary charge;

[0014] The upper end surface of the large partition is provided with a central blind hole, the lower end surface is a curved surface, the upper end portion is inserted into the central lower pit of the auxiliary charge, and there is a gap between the upper end surface and the outer inclined surface and the auxiliary charge;

[0015] The small partition is made of a high-resilience material and is integrally inserted into the central blind hole of the large partition. The upper end surface protrudes from the upper end surface of the large partition and fits tightly with the lower end surface of the detonating mechanism.

[0016] The buffer ring and the small partition are used to absorb energy through deformation during impact loading;

[0017] The main charge is a rotating body structure, with an upper center groove on its upper end surface matching the shape of the bottom end of the large partition, and a clearance fit between the upper end surface and the auxiliary charge; the lower end surface of the main charge is provided with a lower center groove matching the shape of the liner, and a clearance fit between the outer peripheral surface and the inner wall surface of the shell and coated with an inert lubricating coating;

[0018] The bottom end of the large partition is embedded in the central upper embedding groove, and is bonded to the main charge with the lower end surface of the large partition as the process reference;

[0019] The liner is embedded in the central lower embedding groove and is bonded to the main charge with the outer peripheral surface as the process reference;

[0020] The pressure ring is fixedly connected to the bottom end of the shell and is tightly fitted with the bottom end surface of the medicine cover through the upper end surface.

[0021] Furthermore, the buffer ring is a circular ring or a spring-like structure, and is made of a polymer material with an elastic modulus lower than that of explosives or a metal material with high toughness.

[0022] Furthermore, the cross-sectional shape of the buffer ring is "S"-shaped or "Z"-shaped;

[0023] The buffer ring is made of aluminum alloy, steel, nylon, polyurethane or low-density polyethylene.

[0024] Furthermore, the small partition is a cylinder or a spring-like structure having the same diameter as the detonating mechanism, and is made of a polymer material with high acoustic impedance and lower elastic modulus than that of explosives.

[0025] Furthermore, the small partition is made of nylon, polyurethane or low-density polyethylene.

[0026] Furthermore, the large partition is a cone, a frustum, a cylinder or a frustum-like structure.

[0027] Furthermore, the lower end surface of the large partition is a conical surface, a curved surface, a spherical surface, a combined surface of arc and cone, or other curved surfaces that can increase the force-bearing area and reduce stress concentration;

[0028] The bonding interface between the shell bottom and the auxiliary charge is a conical surface, a curved surface, a curved cone joint surface or other curved surfaces that can increase the force-bearing area and reduce stress concentration.

[0029] Furthermore, the shell adopts a variable wall thickness structure with a constant outer diameter, a large inner diameter at the bottom end and a small inner diameter at the top end.

[0030] Furthermore, the shell bottom and the shell are both made of high-strength metal material;

[0031] The large partition is made of an inert polymer material with high acoustic impedance to facilitate the control of the explosive detonation sequence and enhance the energy-gathering effect;

[0032] The pressure ring is made of metal material;

[0033] The liner is made of metal material with high sonic velocity and good plasticity;

[0034] The bonding agent used is a good binder compatible with the explosive;

[0035] The inert lubricating coating adopts a lubricant with good compatibility with explosives.

[0036] The auxiliary charge and the main charge are both made of high-energy explosives, and all corners are rounded to minimize the occurrence of local stress concentration points.

[0037] Furthermore, the shell bottom and the shell are both made of 35CrMnSi steel or 40CrMnVB steel;

[0038] The large partition is made of phenolic resin or foam plastic;

[0039] The pressure ring is made of 45# steel or Q235 steel;

[0040] The liner is made of copper, titanium alloy, nickel alloy or tantalum alloy;

[0041] The binder is shellac;

[0042] The lubricant is paraffin.

[0043] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0044] 1. The adaptive impact-slow-release shaped charge structure of the present invention is based on the traditional shaped charge structure. It adds a shell bottom, a buffer ring and a small partition to form a high-low material impedance combination to reduce the amplitude of the stress wave propagating from the shell to the charge under the action of external impact. At the same time, it utilizes the high resilience of the buffer ring and the small partition to absorb the impact energy through material deformation, further reducing the size of the stress wave on the charge. In addition, the above-mentioned adaptive impact-slow-release shaped charge structure has the destructive ability of the traditional shaped charge structure.

[0045] 2. In the adaptive impact-controlled slow-release shaped charge structure of the present invention, the small baffle is a cylinder with its upper end surface protruding from the top surface of the large baffle to ensure a clearance fit between the secondary charge, the large baffle, and the main charge. When the compression deformation of the small baffle is small, the clearance fit effectively controls the pressure path of the liner, main charge, and large baffle under overload, allowing the pressure to be directly transmitted to the shell through the small baffle, the detonation mechanism, and the shell bottom, thereby bypassing the secondary charge and reducing the peak stress on the bottom surface of the secondary charge. However, when the compression deformation of the small baffle is large, the gap between the secondary charge and the large baffle and main charge disappears, allowing the inertial force of the liner, main charge, and large baffle to be shared by the secondary charge, thereby protecting the main charge, which has a greater destructive impact on the shaped charge structure.

[0046] At the same time, during the complete impact process, due to the high resilience of the small partition, the above two stress conditions alternate: when the pressure in the small partition path is too high, the auxiliary charge helps to disperse the pressure; when the pressure in the small partition path decreases, the small partition restores the relevant design gap under the action of elasticity, thus restoring the pressure action path to the original design state. Through the autonomous control and alternating design of the pressure path, the pressure acting on the auxiliary charge and the pressure action time are controlled, thus achieving the design goal of using the auxiliary charge to protect the main charge and the small partition to protect the auxiliary charge.

[0047] 3. In the adaptive impact slow-release shaped charge structure of the present invention, the interface between the main charge and the large partition is a curved surface, which increases the force-bearing area of ​​the charge column and reduces the possible local stress concentration problem on the dangerous surface of the main charge; the interface between the auxiliary charge and the shell bottom is a curved cone joint surface, which increases the force-bearing area of ​​the charge column and reduces the possible local stress concentration problem on the dangerous surface of the auxiliary charge.

[0048] 4. In the adaptive impact slow-release shaped charge structure of the present invention, the inert lubricating coating can alleviate the safety problem caused by the deformation, displacement and friction of various components during high overload impact, which leads to a significant increase in the local temperature of the explosive column in a short period of time. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0049] Figure 1 A cross-sectional view of a shaped charge structure in the prior art;

[0050] Figure 2A cross-sectional view of the adaptive impact-slow-release shaped charge structure of the present invention;

[0051] Figure 3 It is the pressure load transfer path of the main charge under the condition of the existence of gap;

[0052] Figure 4 It is the pressure load transfer path of the auxiliary charge under the condition of the existence of gap;

[0053] Figure 5 It is the transmission path of the overall pressure load of the grain after the gap is closed;

[0054] Figure 6 Schematic diagram of the structure of a buffer ring with an S-shaped cross section;

[0055] Figure 7 This is a schematic structural diagram of a buffer ring with a Z-shaped cross-section.

[0056] Existing technology: 101-initiating mechanism, 102-boosting explosive, 103-auxiliary charge, 104-partition, 105-main charge, 106-liner, 107-shell, 108-pressure ring.

[0057] The present invention comprises: 1-initiating mechanism, 2-shell bottom, 3-auxiliary charge, 4-large partition, 5-main charge, 6-pressure ring, 7-buffer ring, 8-small partition, 9-shell, and 10-charge liner. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0058] The following will clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making creative efforts are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0059] The embodiment of the present invention provides an adaptive impact slow-release shaped charge structure, such as Figure 2 As shown, the shaped charge structure includes an initiating mechanism 1, a shell bottom 2, an auxiliary charge 3, a large partition 4, a main charge 5, a pressure ring 6, a buffer ring 7, a small partition 8, a shell 9 and a charge liner 10; the initiating mechanism 1, the shell bottom 2, the auxiliary charge 3, the large partition 4, the main charge 5, the pressure ring 6, the buffer ring 7, the small partition 8 and the charge liner 10 are all installed in the shell 9.

[0060] The housing 9 is a cylindrical rotating body with openings at both ends, and an annular rib is provided at the top end for limiting the upper end surface of the buffer ring 7;

[0061] Along the axial direction of the shell 9, the buffer ring 7, shell bottom 2, auxiliary charge 3, large partition 4, main charge 5, liner 10 and pressure ring 6 are distributed in order from top to bottom; the shell 9 adopts a variable wall thickness structure with a constant outer diameter, a large inner diameter at the bottom and a small inner diameter at the top, which can further disperse the force on the charge;

[0062] The shell bottom 2 is a bowl-shaped rotating body structure with a central threaded hole and an opening toward the bottom end of the shell 9. The outer peripheral surface is tightly fitted with the inner wall surface of the shell 9; the bowl-shaped inner surface of the shell bottom 2 is bonded to the auxiliary charge 3.

[0063] The buffer ring 7 is made of a highly resilient material, with both ends abutting between the annular rib and the outer edge of the shell bottom 2, and a deformation gap being left between the outer peripheral surface and the inner wall surface of the shell 9; the buffer ring 7 is a circular ring or a spring-like structure, and is made of a polymer material or a high-toughness metal material with an elastic modulus lower than that of explosives. The elastic modulus is slightly lower than that of explosives so that the structure of multiple materials in series can deform preferentially and absorb a large amount of energy during impact loading. The upper end face of the buffer ring 7 is tightly fitted with the lower end face of the annular rib of the shell 9, and the lower end face is tightly fitted with the outer edge of the shell bottom 2. The cross-sectional shape of the buffer ring 7 can also be "S" or "Z" shaped, such as Figure 6 The structure of the "S" shaped buffer ring 7 is shown. Figure 7 The structure shown is a "Z"-shaped buffer ring 7 or a spring-like structure; the buffer ring 7 is made of aluminum alloy, steel, nylon, polyurethane or low-density polyethylene; the buffer ring 7 can also be replaced with other structures that facilitate elastic compression and recovery.

[0064] The auxiliary charge 3 is a rotating body structure with a center hole, with an upper center recess on the upper end face and a lower center recess on the lower end face. The circumferential outer edge adopts a stern-type design, and the upper end portion is accommodated in the shell bottom 2 and bonded to the inner side surface of the shell bottom 2 to increase the force-bearing area. The lower end portion extends to the outside of the shell bottom 2, and the outer peripheral surface extending to the outside of the shell bottom 2 is gap-fitted with the inner wall surface of the shell body 9 and coated with an inert lubricating coating; the bonding interface between the shell bottom 2 and the auxiliary charge 3 is a conical surface, an arc surface, a curved cone joint surface or other curved surfaces that can increase the force-bearing area and reduce stress concentration. In this embodiment, the interface between the upper end face of the auxiliary charge 3 and the shell bottom 2 adopts a curved cone joint surface to increase the force-bearing area and is bonded.

[0065] The detonating mechanism 1 is a cylindrical structure, with an external thread at the upper end, which is threadedly connected to the central threaded hole of the shell bottom 2 through the external thread, and the lower end is inserted into the central hole of the auxiliary charge 3. The length of the external thread at the upper end is required to ensure that the detonating mechanism 1 and the small partition 8 can fit tightly. In this embodiment, the detonating mechanism 1 adopts a conventional detonating mechanism 1 to ensure reliable structure and reliable detonation.

[0066] The upper end face of the large partition 4 is provided with a central blind hole, and the lower end face is a curved surface. The upper end portion is inserted into the central lower recess of the auxiliary charge 3, and there is a gap between the upper end face and the outer inclined surface and the auxiliary charge 3; the large partition 4 is a cone, a frustum, a cylinder or a frustum-like structure. In this embodiment, the large partition 4 adopts a frustum-like structure; the lower end face of the large partition 4 is a conical surface, an arc surface, a spherical surface, an arc-cone combination surface, or other curved surfaces that can increase the force-bearing area and reduce stress concentration; the curved surface at the lower end of the large partition 4 is used as a process reference for bonding with the main charge 5.

[0067] The small partition 8 is made of a highly resilient material and is inserted as a whole into the central blind hole of the large partition 4. The upper end surface of the small partition 8 protrudes from the upper end surface of the large partition 4. The upper end surface of the small partition 8 is tightly fitted with the lower end surface of the detonating mechanism 1 to ensure the clearance fit between the secondary charge 3 and the large partition 4 and the main charge 5. The small partition 8 is a cylinder or spring-like structure with the same diameter as the detonating mechanism 1 and is made of a polymer material with high resilience, high acoustic impedance and an elastic modulus lower than that of the explosive, such as nylon, polyurethane or low-density polyethylene. The elastic modulus of the polymer material is slightly lower than that of the explosive, so that the multi-material series structure will preferentially deform and absorb a large amount of energy during impact loading. The small partition 8 can also be replaced with other structures that facilitate elastic compression and recovery, such as a spring-like structure. In this case, the material of the small partition 8 can also be other materials with high toughness and high resilience, such as aluminum alloy, steel, etc.

[0068] The buffer ring 7 and the small partition 8 are used to absorb energy through deformation during impact loading.

[0069] The main charge 5 is a rotating body structure, and the upper end face is provided with a central upper embedding groove that matches the shape of the bottom end of the large partition 4, and the upper end face and the auxiliary charge 3 are gap-fitted; the lower end face of the main charge 5 is provided with a central lower embedding groove that matches the shape of the charge liner 10, and the outer peripheral surface and the inner wall surface of the shell 9 are gap-fitted and coated with an inert lubricating coating; the bottom end of the large partition 4 is embedded in the central upper embedding groove, and is bonded to the main charge 5 with the lower end face of the large partition 4 as the process reference; the upper end face of the main charge 5 on the outer peripheral side of the large partition 4 is arranged opposite to the lower end face of the auxiliary charge 3 and has a gap.

[0070] The liner 10 is embedded in the central lower embedding groove and is bonded to the main charge 5 with the outer peripheral surface as the process reference; the liner 10 is a conical structure, the lower end surface is tightly fitted with the pressure ring 6, and the outer surface is bonded to the main charge 5. In this embodiment, the liner 10 is a conical structure.

[0071] The pressure ring 6 is fixedly connected to the bottom end of the shell 9 and is tightly fitted with the bottom end surface of the liner 10 through its upper end surface. The bottom end of the shell 9 is provided with an internal thread, and the outer peripheral surface of the pressure ring 6 is provided with an external thread, and the pressure ring 6 is threadedly connected to the bottom end of the shell 9. The pressure ring 6 can be a circular ring structure with a thread engraved on the outside, which is threadedly connected to the inside of the shell 9, and the upper end surface is tightly fitted with the liner 10. The length of the internal thread of the shell 9 and the length of the external thread of the pressure ring 6 are used to ensure that the pressure ring 6 and the liner 10 can fit tightly.

[0072] In the above-mentioned adaptive impact-controlled slow-release shaped charge structure, the shell base 2 and shell 9 are both made of high-strength metal materials, such as 35CrMnSi steel and 40CrMnVB steel. The large partition 4 is made of an inert polymer material with high acoustic impedance, such as phenolic resin or foamed plastic, to facilitate control of the explosive detonation sequence and enhance the shaped charge effect. The pressure ring 6 is made of a metal material, such as 45# steel or Q235 steel. The liner 10 is made of a metal material with high acoustic velocity and good plasticity, such as copper, titanium alloy, nickel alloy, or tantalum alloy. The bonding agent is shellac, or other adhesive with good compatibility with the explosive. The inert lubricating coating is paraffin, or other lubricant with good compatibility with the explosive, to mitigate the potential for process gap friction during high-overload impact, which can cause a significant increase in the local temperature of the explosive column in a short period of time. The secondary charge 3 and main charge 5 are both pressed from high-energy explosives, and all corners are rounded to minimize the occurrence of local stress concentration points.

[0073] The above-mentioned adaptive impact slow-release shaped charge structure is based on the traditional shaped charge structure, and adds a shell bottom 2, a buffer ring 7 and a small partition 8 to form a high and low material impedance combination, so as to reduce the amplitude of the stress wave propagating from the shell 9 to the charge under the action of external impact; at the same time, the high resilience of the buffer ring 7 and the small partition 8 is utilized to absorb the impact energy through material deformation, thereby further reducing the size of the stress wave exerted on the charge; and the above-mentioned adaptive impact slow-release shaped charge structure has the destructive capability of the traditional shaped charge structure.

[0074] In the above-described adaptive impact-controlled slow-release shaped charge structure, the small baffle 8 is cylindrical, with its upper end surface protruding from the top surface of the large baffle 4 to ensure a clearance fit between the secondary charge 3, the large baffle 4, and the main charge 5. When the compression deformation of the small baffle 8 is minimal, this clearance fit effectively controls the pressure path of the liner 10, main charge 5, and large baffle 4 under overload, allowing the pressure to be transmitted directly through the small baffle 8, the detonation mechanism 1, and the shell bottom 2 to the shell 9, thereby bypassing the secondary charge 3 and reducing the peak stress on the bottom surface of the secondary charge 3. However, when the compression deformation of the small baffle 8 is significant, the gap between the secondary charge 3 and the large baffle 4 and main charge 5 disappears, allowing the inertial force of the liner 10, main charge 5, and large baffle 4 to be shared by the secondary charge 3, thereby protecting the main charge 5, which has a greater destructive impact on the shaped charge structure.

[0075] At the same time, during the complete impact process, due to the high resilience of the small partition 8, the above two stress conditions alternate: when the pressure in the path of the small partition 8 is too high, the secondary charge 3 helps to disperse the pressure; when the pressure in the path of the small partition 8 decreases, the small partition 8 restores the relevant designed gap under the action of elasticity, thus restoring the pressure action path to the original design state. Through the autonomous control and alternating design of the pressure path, the pressure acting on the secondary charge 3 and the duration of this pressure action are controlled, thus achieving the design goal of using the secondary charge 3 to protect the main charge 5 and the small partition 8 to protect the secondary charge 3.

[0076] In the above-mentioned adaptive impact slow-release shaped charge structure, the interface between the main charge 5 and the large partition 4 is a curved surface, which increases the force-bearing area of ​​the charge column and reduces the possible local stress concentration problem on the dangerous surface of the main charge 5; the interface between the auxiliary charge 3 and the shell bottom 2 is a curved cone joint surface, which increases the force-bearing area of ​​the charge column and reduces the possible local stress concentration problem on the dangerous surface of the auxiliary charge 3.

[0077] In the above-mentioned adaptive impact slow-release shaped charge structure, the inert lubricating coating can alleviate the safety problem caused by the deformation, displacement friction of various components during high overload impact, which leads to a significant increase in the local temperature of the explosive column in a short period of time.

[0078] The working principle of the adaptive impact slow-release shaped charge structure in this embodiment is divided into two parts: the adaptive impact slow-release working principle and the shaped charge destruction working principle.

[0079] 1. The working principle of adaptive impact release is:

[0080] Unlike the traditional shaped charge structure in which the pressure of all components inside the shell 9 acts entirely on the bottom surface of the impact load source, the following are different: on the one hand, the shaped charge structure in this embodiment reduces the stress wave effect transmitted by the shell 9 by adding a buffer structure; on the other hand, the shaped charge structure in this embodiment combines the method of controlling the contact between the various components in the pressure sequence, and ultimately changes the actual stress peak value and peak time of the main charge 5 and the auxiliary charge 3.

[0081] In this embodiment, the cumulative loading paths of the inertial force F1 of the main charge 5 are as follows: Figure 3 As shown, the cumulative loading paths of the inertial force F2 of the auxiliary charge 3 are as follows: Figure 4 As shown, the single arrow on the outside of the shell 9 is the direction of the acceleration a of the shaped charge structure under impact, and the double arrow is the direction of inertial force loading and pressure transmission. In order to give a clearer pressure transmission sequence, Figure 3 、 Figure 4 Only the cross-sectional mesh and annotations of the components in the pressure transmission sequence at this state are retained.

[0082] like Figure 3As shown, at the initial moment, when the impact load is small, the size of the small partition 8 ensures the clearance fit between the auxiliary charge 3, the large partition 4, and the main charge 5 during the assembly process. Therefore, when the liner 10 is pressed towards the main charge 5 under the action of inertia, the inertia force of the main charge 5 and the liner 10 will accumulate and act on the large partition 4 through the inner curved surface of the center upper groove of the main charge 5. Since there is also a clearance fit between the large partition 4 and the auxiliary charge 3, the accumulated inertia force will be transmitted to the detonating mechanism 1 through the small partition 8. The detonating mechanism 1 is connected to the shell bottom 2 through threads, and finally transmits the force to the shell 9. As for the auxiliary charge 3, as shown in FIG. Figure 4 As shown, the secondary charge 3 squeezes the shell bottom 2 under the action of inertial force, ultimately transmitting the force to the shell 9. During this process, the peak pressure interface of the main charge 5 is the curved surface within the central upper groove at the interface with the large baffle 4. The curved interface design greatly increases the pressure application area and reduces local stress. The peak pressure interface of the secondary charge 3 is the interface with the shell bottom 2. The interface design combining curved cones also increases the pressure application area and reduces local stress. Compared with traditional shaped charge structures, the secondary charge 3 no longer bears the accumulated inertial force of the liner 10, main charge 5, and large baffle 4, greatly reducing the stress at the bottom layer.

[0083] At the same time, since the buffer ring 7 and small baffle 8 are both made of high-resilience, high-acoustic-impedance materials, when the main charge 5 and the auxiliary charge 3 have not yet deformed under the acceleration change, the buffer ring 7 and the small baffle 8 preferentially deform and absorb energy. At the same time, the combination of different acoustic-impedance media effectively reduces the transmission of stress waves. In this embodiment, the quasi-static pressure transmission design and the dynamic impact-slow-release energy-absorbing design work together to absorb, attenuate, disperse, and delay the stress peak pressure on the main charge 5 and the auxiliary charge 3, thereby protecting the main charge 5 and ensuring the impact safety of the shaped charge structure.

[0084] The above process is the overall stress state of the shaped charge structure under the condition that the deformation of the small partition 8 is not large. When the load continues to increase and the small partition 8 is compressed and deformed greatly, the reserved gaps between the auxiliary charge 3, the large partition 4, and the main charge 5 will close. At this time, the auxiliary charge 3 will share part of the inertia force F from the large partition 4, the main charge 5 and the liner 10. The overall stress state of the shaped charge structure is as follows: Figure 5The force on the interface between the sub-charge 3 and the shell bottom 2 is dispersed due to the interface design of the arc-taper combination, and the stress concentration effect is avoided; at the same time, the inertial force of part of the large partition plate 4, the main charge 5 and the shaped charge liner 10 is still transmitted to the shell 9 through the small partition plate 8 and the initiating mechanism 1, so that the force on the bottom surface of the sub-charge 3 is shared. On the other hand, after the small partition plate 8 is deformed under pressure, due to its excellent resilience, the small partition plate 8 will actively rebound to resist the inertial force from the large partition plate 4, the main charge 5 and the shaped charge liner 10. Therefore, the stress peak on the sub-charge 3 is still smaller than that of the conventional shaped charge structure at this time, and the overall design plays a role in protecting the main charge and ensuring the impact safety of the shaped charge structure.

[0085] With further development of the process, the pressure on the small partition plate 8 is reduced due to the sharing of the sub-charge 3, at this time the small partition plate 8 rebounds, prompting the original reserved gap to recover, and the stress state of the shaped charge structure returns to the original state. In fact, the two stress states are constantly switched autonomously in the whole impact process with the change of load size and stress distribution, which can absorb, attenuate, disperse and delay the stress peak pressure of the main charge 5 and the sub-charge 3 under high external load impact conditions, and solve the safety problem of the system under external impact conditions.

[0086] 2, the working principle of the shaped charge destruction is: consistent with the conventional shaped charge structure, the self-adaptive impact release shaped charge structure is also ignited by the sub-charge 3 under the initiation signal of the initiating mechanism 1. The sub-charge 3 completes the transmission under the help of the large partition plate 4, and the detonation is transmitted to the main charge 5. The main charge 5 is ignited and uses the shaped charge effect to collapse and gather the metal shaped charge liner 10 to form a high-temperature and high-speed metal jet, and then the target is damaged by hole.

[0087] Obviously, those skilled in the art can make various modifications and variations to the embodiments of the present application without departing from the spirit and scope of the present application. Thus, if these modifications and variations of the present application fall within the scope of the claims of the present application and their equivalent technologies, the present application also intends to include these modifications and variations.

Claims

1. An adaptive impact slow-release shaped charge structure, characterized in that: It includes a detonating mechanism, a shell bottom, an auxiliary charge, a large partition, a main charge, a pressure ring, a buffer ring, a small partition and a charge liner installed in the shell; The shell is a cylindrical rotating body with two ends open, and an annular rib is provided at the top; along the axial direction of the shell, the buffer ring, the shell bottom, the auxiliary charge, the large partition, the main charge, the liner and the pressure ring are distributed in order from top to bottom; The shell bottom is a bowl-shaped rotating body structure with a central threaded hole and an opening toward the bottom end of the shell, and the outer peripheral surface is tightly fitted with the inner wall surface of the shell; The buffer ring is made of a high-elasticity material, with both ends abutting between the annular rib and the outer edge of the shell bottom, and a deformation gap is left between the outer peripheral surface and the inner wall surface of the shell; The auxiliary charge is a rotating body structure with a central hole, with an upper central concave provided on the upper end surface and a lower central concave provided on the lower end surface. The circumferential outer edge adopts a stern-like design. The upper end is accommodated in the shell bottom and bonded to the inner side surface of the shell bottom to increase the force-bearing area. The lower end extends out of the outer peripheral surface of the shell bottom and is gap-fitted with the inner wall surface of the shell and is coated with an inert lubricating coating. The detonating mechanism is a cylindrical structure, the upper end of which is threadedly connected to the central threaded hole of the shell bottom, and the lower end is inserted into the central hole of the auxiliary charge; The upper end surface of the large partition is provided with a central blind hole, the lower end surface is a curved surface, the upper end portion is inserted into the central lower pit of the auxiliary charge, and there is a gap between the upper end surface and the outer inclined surface and the auxiliary charge; The small partition is made of a high-resilience material and is integrally inserted into the central blind hole of the large partition. The upper end surface protrudes from the upper end surface of the large partition and fits tightly with the lower end surface of the detonating mechanism. The buffer ring and the small partition are used to absorb energy through deformation during impact loading; The main charge is a rotating body structure, with an upper center groove on its upper end surface matching the shape of the bottom end of the large partition, and a clearance fit between the upper end surface and the auxiliary charge; the lower end surface of the main charge is provided with a lower center groove matching the shape of the liner, and a clearance fit between the outer peripheral surface and the inner wall surface of the shell and coated with an inert lubricating coating; The bottom end of the large partition is embedded in the central upper embedding groove, and is bonded to the main charge with the lower end surface of the large partition as the process reference; The liner is embedded in the central lower embedding groove and is bonded to the main charge with the outer peripheral surface as the process reference; The pressure ring is fixedly connected to the bottom end of the shell and is tightly fitted with the bottom end surface of the medicine cover through the upper end surface.

2. The adaptive impact slow-release shaped charge structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The buffer ring is a circular ring or a spring-like structure, and is made of a polymer material with an elastic modulus lower than that of explosives or a metal material with high toughness.

3. The adaptive impact slow-release shaped charge structure according to claim 2, characterized in that: The cross-sectional shape of the buffer ring is "S"-shaped or "Z"-shaped; The buffer ring is made of aluminum alloy, steel, nylon, polyurethane or low-density polyethylene.

4. The adaptive impact slow-release shaped charge structure according to claim 2, characterized in that: The small partition is a cylinder or a spring-like structure with the same diameter as the detonating mechanism, and is made of a polymer material with high acoustic impedance and lower elastic modulus than explosives.

5. The adaptive impact slow-release shaped charge structure according to claim 4, characterized in that: The small partition is made of nylon, polyurethane or low-density polyethylene.

6. The adaptive impact slow-release shaped charge structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The large partition is a cone, a frustum, a cylinder or a frustum-like structure.

7. The adaptive impact slow-release shaped charge structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The lower end surface of the large partition is a conical surface, a curved surface, a spherical surface, a conical-arc combined surface, or other curved surface that can increase the force-bearing area and reduce stress concentration; The bonding interface between the shell bottom and the auxiliary charge is a conical surface, a curved surface, a curved cone joint surface or other curved surfaces that can increase the force-bearing area and reduce stress concentration.

8. The adaptive impact slow-release shaped charge structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The shell adopts a variable wall thickness structure with a constant outer diameter, a large inner diameter at the bottom end and a small inner diameter at the top end.

9. The adaptive impact slow-release shaped charge structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The shell bottom and the shell are both made of high-strength metal material; The large partition is made of an inert polymer material with high acoustic impedance to facilitate the control of the explosive detonation sequence and enhance the energy-gathering effect; The pressure ring is made of metal material; The liner is made of metal material with high sonic velocity and good plasticity; The bonding agent used is a good binder compatible with the explosive; The inert lubricating coating uses a lubricant that has good compatibility with explosives; The auxiliary charge and the main charge are both made of high-energy explosives, and all corners are rounded to minimize the occurrence of local stress concentration points.

10. The adaptive impact slow-release shaped charge structure according to claim 9, characterized in that: The shell bottom and the shell are both made of 35CrMnSi steel or 40CrMnVB steel; The large partition is made of phenolic resin or foam plastic; The pressure ring is made of 45# steel or Q235 steel; The liner is made of copper, titanium alloy, nickel alloy or tantalum alloy; The binder is shellac; The lubricant is paraffin.

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