An environmental monitoring system for water body ecological restoration

Abstract

The present invention discloses an environmental monitoring system for water body ecological restoration, which relates to the technical field of water body ecological restoration. During the process of obtaining the water quality indexes of each sampling point of the water body to be restored, through laboratory analysis and measurement, the chlorophyll a concentration and benthic invertebrate information of each sample can be accurately obtained. During the process of monitoring the biological species information of the water body to be restored, by classifying the samples through a microscope and sorting equipment, the individual number of benthic invertebrates and the number of EPT individuals can be accurately obtained. By comparing the biodiversity assessment coefficient with the set interval, the complexity and stability of the ecosystem can be visually evaluated, providing a basis for taking corresponding biodiversity governance measures. During the process of obtaining hydrological change information, through the analysis of the hydrological change assessment coefficient, the flow condition and hydrodynamic characteristics of the water body can be evaluated, providing key data support for the restoration of the ecosystem.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of water body ecological restoration, and particularly relates to an environmental protection monitoring system for water body ecological restoration. Background Art

[0002] With the acceleration of industrialization and urbanization, water bodies are affected by various pollutants, such as industrial wastewater, agricultural non-point source pollution, and urban domestic sewage, etc., resulting in the destruction of the water body ecological system. People have a deeper understanding of the importance of the water body ecological system and realize the importance of water bodies for ecological balance, human health, and economic development. Therefore, the demand for strengthening water body ecological restoration is increasing day by day.

[0003] The prior art, such as the invention patent application with the publication number of CN116271544A, discloses an ecological maintenance method and system based on an urban landscape water body comprehensive restoration system. By classifying and feature extracting urban landscape water bodies, an urban landscape water body database with different water body characteristics is obtained. According to the urban landscape water body database, a standard water body ecology with a combination of water body microorganisms and aquatic animals and plants and a water body restoration strategy adapted to the standard water body ecology are configured to obtain an urban landscape water body comprehensive restoration strategy library. The operating urban landscape water bodies managed according to the urban landscape water body database are monitored to obtain the current water body characteristics of the operating urban landscape water bodies. According to the current water body characteristics, the corresponding restoration plan is matched in the urban landscape water body comprehensive restoration strategy library to repair the operating urban landscape water bodies, so as to realize the systematic planning of the urban landscape water body ecology, automatically monitor the water body characteristics of the urban landscape water bodies, and repair the imbalance of the urban landscape water body ecology.

[0004] In view of the above solution, the applicant of the present invention found that the above technology has at least the following technical problems: 1. It does not clearly mention how to obtain and analyze the water quality, biodiversity, and hydrological change data of the water body to be restored in real time, but relies on the configured restoration strategy library. The lack of real-time monitoring and evaluation methods may lead to untimely or inaccurate restoration effects. The above analysis process can only match the current water body characteristics through the pre-configured restoration strategy library and execute the restoration plan. However, the ecological system is often dynamically changing and needs to be able to dynamically adjust and respond to the actually monitored data to optimize the restoration effect.

[0005] 2. The above solution focuses more on formulating and executing the restoration strategy library rather than emphasizing decision-making driven by actual data. In the field of ecological restoration, data-driven methods can provide more accurate evaluation of restoration effects and opportunities for continuous improvement. Summary of the Invention

[0006] The purpose of the present invention is to provide an environmental protection monitoring system for water body ecological restoration, which solves the problems existing in the background art.

[0007] To solve the above technical problems, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions: The present invention provides a water body ecological restoration environmental monitoring system, including: a water quality assessment module, which is used to obtain the water quality indicators corresponding to the water body to be restored at each ecological restoration stage, and then analyze to obtain the water body quality assessment coefficients corresponding to each sampling point in the water body to be restored at each ecological restoration stage. Each ecological restoration stage includes a pre-stage, a primary ecological restoration stage, a secondary ecological restoration stage, a post-stage ecological monitoring and maintenance stage.

[0008] A biological monitoring module, which is used to monitor the biological species information in the water at each sampling point in the water body to be restored at each ecological restoration stage, and then analyze the biodiversity assessment coefficients corresponding to each sampling point in the water body to be restored at each ecological restoration stage.

[0009] A hydrological monitoring module, which is used to obtain the hydrological change information corresponding to each sampling point in the water body to be restored at each ecological restoration stage, and then analyze to obtain the hydrological change assessment coefficients corresponding to each sampling point in the water body to be restored at each ecological restoration stage.

[0010] A comprehensive analysis module, which is used to analyze and obtain the comprehensive assessment coefficients corresponding to each sampling point in the water body to be restored at each ecological restoration stage according to the water body quality assessment coefficients, biodiversity assessment coefficients, and hydrological change assessment coefficients corresponding to each sampling point in the water body to be restored at each ecological restoration stage.

[0011] An environmental monitoring module, which is used to analyze the water quality treatment level and biodiversity treatment level adopted at each sampling point in the water body to be restored in the pre-ecological restoration stage, and analyze whether there are environmental protection problems in the restoration process corresponding to each ecological stage of the water body to be restored.

[0012] An early warning terminal, which is used to give an early warning prompt when there are environmental protection problems in the restoration process corresponding to a certain ecological stage of the water body to be restored.

[0013] Preferably, the process of obtaining the water quality indicators corresponding to each ecological restoration stage of the water body to be repaired is as follows: The water quality indicators include the concentration of dissolved organic matter, the content of microplastics, and the concentration of drug residues. Set each sampling point, and use a water sample collector to sample at each sampling point of the designated water body to be repaired to obtain the corresponding water samples of the designated water body to be repaired. Divide the collected water samples into the first part, the second part, and the third part. Pass the first part of the collected water samples through filtration and precipitation to remove solid particles and large particle substances, thereby obtaining each solution sample. Then, measure each solution sample by high-performance liquid chromatography to obtain the concentration of dissolved organic matter corresponding to each water sample in the first part. Extract and filter the microplastics from the second part of the water samples, and use a microscope device to count and identify the microplastics, thereby determining the content of microplastics corresponding to each water sample in the second part. Purify and process the third part of each water sample, and use high-performance liquid chromatography to perform quantitative analysis on the drugs to be tested, thereby obtaining the drug residue concentration data corresponding to each water sample in the third part.

[0014] Preferably, the process of analyzing and obtaining the water quality assessment coefficients corresponding to each sampling point in each ecological restoration stage of the water body to be repaired is as follows: Obtain the standard water quality indicators corresponding to the water body ecology from the database. The standard water quality indicators include the standard concentration of dissolved organic matter, the standard content of microplastics, and the standard concentration of drug residues;

[0015] According to the calculation formula Obtain the water quality assessment coefficient αij corresponding to each sampling point in each ecological restoration stage of the water body to be repaired. i is the number corresponding to each sampling point, i = 1, 2,..., q, where q is any integer greater than 2, and q represents the total number of sampling points. j is the number corresponding to each ecological restoration stage, j = 1, 2,..., n, where n is any integer greater than 2, and n represents the total number of ecological restoration stages. Among them, m ij , s ij , c ij respectively represent the concentration of dissolved organic matter, the content of microplastics, and the concentration of drug residues corresponding to the i-th sampling point in the j-th ecological restoration stage of the water body to be repaired. m′, s′, and c′ respectively represent the standard concentration of dissolved organic matter, the standard content of microplastics, and the standard concentration of drug residues. η1, η2, and η3 are respectively the weight factors corresponding to the set concentration of dissolved organic matter, the weight factor corresponding to the content of microplastics, and the weight factor corresponding to the concentration of drug residues.

[0016] Preferably, the information on the types of organisms in the water at each sampling point in the water body to be repaired during each ecological restoration stage is monitored, and the specific monitoring process is as follows: The information on the types of organisms includes the EPT index and the concentration of chlorophyll a in phytoplankton. According to the set sampling points, a selected sampling tool is used to sample at the bottom of each sampling point in the water body to be repaired. The collected samples are placed in labeled sample bottles, and 70% ethanol is added as a preservative solution to preserve each sample. In the laboratory, a microscope and sorting equipment are used to separate and classify each sample to obtain the number of benthic invertebrate individuals and the number of EPT individuals corresponding to each sample. The number of EPT individuals corresponding to each sample is divided by the number of benthic invertebrate individuals corresponding to each sample to obtain the EPT index corresponding to each sample;

[0017] Water samples are collected at each sampling point. The collected water samples are filtered to remove large particulate matter. Ethanol is used to directly extract chlorophyll a in phytoplankton in each water sample, and a spectrophotometer is used to measure the concentration of chlorophyll a extracted from each water sample.

[0018] Preferably, the biodiversity assessment coefficients corresponding to each sampling point in the water body to be repaired during each ecological restoration stage are analyzed, and the specific analysis process is as follows: Standard information on the types of organisms corresponding to the water ecosystem is obtained from a database. The standard information on the types of organisms includes the standard EPT index and the standard concentration of chlorophyll a in phytoplankton;

[0019] According to the calculation formula the biodiversity assessment coefficient β corresponding to each sampling point in the water body to be repaired during each ecological restoration stage is obtained ij , where Q ij , A ij respectively represent the EPT index and the concentration of chlorophyll a in phytoplankton corresponding to the i-th sampling point in the water body to be repaired during the j-th ecological restoration stage. Q′ and A′ respectively represent the standard EPT index and the standard concentration of chlorophyll a in phytoplankton, and μ1 and μ2 are respectively the weight factors corresponding to the set EPT index and the weight factor corresponding to the concentration of chlorophyll a in phytoplankton.

[0020] Preferably, the hydrological change information corresponding to each sampling point in the water body to be repaired during each ecological restoration stage is obtained, and the specific obtaining process is as follows: The hydrological change information includes water velocity, flow rate, and precipitation. A current meter is installed at each set sampling point, the current meter is started, and the velocity data within a set time period is recorded. Multiple measurements are carried out at different depths and different time periods to obtain the velocity data corresponding to each sampling point, and thus the water velocity corresponding to each sampling point in the water body to be repaired during each ecological restoration stage is obtained;

[0021] Select a cross-section at each sampling point, measure the water depth at each sampling point using a sounding instrument, so as to obtain the area of the cross-section. According to the flow velocity and cross-sectional area corresponding to each sampling point, calculate the flow rate corresponding to each sampling point, and thus obtain the flow rate corresponding to each sampling point in the water body to be repaired at each ecological restoration stage;

[0022] Install a weighing rain gauge on the shore of the water body to be repaired corresponding to each sampling point, record the precipitation corresponding to each sampling point according to the set time period, and analyze the precipitation corresponding to the water body to be repaired at each ecological restoration stage.

[0023] Preferably, the hydrological change evaluation coefficient corresponding to each sampling point in the water body to be repaired at each ecological restoration stage is analyzed as follows: Obtain the standard hydrological change information corresponding to the water body to be repaired from the database. The standard hydrological change information includes standard water body flow velocity, standard flow rate, and standard precipitation;

[0024] Through the calculation formula Obtain the hydrological change evaluation coefficient χ corresponding to each sampling point in the water body to be repaired at each ecological restoration stage ij , where v ij , L ij respectively represent the water body flow velocity and flow rate corresponding to the i-th sampling point in the water body to be repaired at the j-th ecological restoration stage, and K ij represents the precipitation corresponding to the i-th sampling point in the water body to be repaired at the j-th ecological restoration stage. v′, L′, and K′ respectively represent the standard water body flow velocity, standard flow rate, and standard precipitation, and γ1, γ2, and γ3 are the weight factors corresponding to the set water body flow velocity, flow rate, and precipitation, respectively.

[0025] Preferably, the comprehensive evaluation coefficient corresponding to each sampling point in the ecological restoration of the water body to be repaired at each ecological restoration stage is analyzed as follows: Through the calculation formula δ ij =αi j *λ1 + β ij *λ2 + χ ij *λ3, obtain the comprehensive evaluation coefficient δ corresponding to each sampling point in the ecological restoration of the water body to be repaired at each ecological restoration stage ij , where λ1, λ2, and λ3 are the weight factors corresponding to the set water quality evaluation coefficient, biodiversity evaluation coefficient, and hydrological change evaluation coefficient, respectively.

[0026] Preferably, the water quality treatment level and biodiversity treatment level adopted at each sampling point in the water body to be repaired during the previous ecological restoration stage are analyzed. The specific analysis process is as follows: Compare the water quality assessment coefficients corresponding to each sampling point in the water body to be repaired during the previous ecological restoration stage with the set water quality assessment coefficient intervals. Each of the set water quality assessment coefficient intervals corresponds to each water quality treatment level. If the water quality assessment coefficient corresponding to a certain sampling point in the water body to be repaired during the previous ecological restoration stage belongs to a certain set water quality assessment coefficient interval, it indicates that the water quality treatment level adopted at this sampling point is the water quality treatment level corresponding to this water quality assessment coefficient interval. Thus, the water quality treatment levels adopted at each sampling point are analyzed.

[0027] Compare the biodiversity assessment coefficients corresponding to each sampling point in the water body to be repaired during the previous ecological restoration stage with the set biodiversity assessment coefficient intervals. Each of the set biodiversity assessment coefficient intervals corresponds to each biodiversity treatment level. If the biodiversity assessment coefficient corresponding to a certain sampling point in the water body to be repaired during the previous ecological restoration stage belongs to a certain set biodiversity assessment coefficient interval, it indicates that the biodiversity treatment level adopted at this sampling point is the biodiversity treatment level corresponding to this biodiversity assessment coefficient interval. Thus, the biodiversity treatment levels adopted at each sampling point are analyzed.

[0028] The beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: 1. For the water body ecological restoration environmental monitoring system provided by the present invention, during the process of obtaining the water quality indicators of each sampling point in the water body to be repaired, through laboratory analysis and measurement, the chlorophyll a concentration and benthic invertebrate information of each sample can be accurately obtained. During the process of monitoring the biological species information of the water body to be repaired, through the classification of samples by a microscope and sorting equipment, the individual number of benthic invertebrates and the EPT individual number can be accurately obtained. By comparing the biodiversity assessment coefficient with the set interval, the complexity and stability of the ecosystem can be intuitively evaluated, providing a basis for taking corresponding biodiversity treatment measures. During the process of obtaining hydrological change information, through the analysis of the hydrological change assessment coefficient, the flow condition and hydrodynamic characteristics of the water body can be evaluated, providing key data support for the restoration of the ecosystem.

[0029] 2. In the process of comprehensively analyzing the water quality assessment coefficient, biodiversity assessment coefficient, and hydrological change assessment coefficient of each sampling point in the water body to be restored in the embodiments of the present invention, various factors can be comprehensively considered. Through the calculation of the comprehensive assessment coefficient, the overall restoration situation of each sampling point in the ecological restoration stage can be comprehensively judged, providing a scientific basis for formulating treatment strategies and optimizing the ecological restoration plan. In the process of analyzing the water quality treatment level and biodiversity treatment level, it is beneficial to evaluate in detail whether there are potential environmental problems in the ecological restoration process. Through the data analysis of the environmental monitoring module, problems that may have a negative impact on the health of the ecosystem can be discovered and solved in a timely manner, ensuring the environmental friendliness and sustainability of the ecological restoration work. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0030] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the following will briefly introduce the drawings required for use in the description of the embodiments or the prior art. Obviously, the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those of ordinary skill in the art, without creative efforts, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings.

[0031] Figure 1 It is a schematic connection diagram of the system structure of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE EMBODIMENTS

[0032] The following will clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, rather than all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative efforts belong to the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0033] Please refer to Figure 1 As shown, the present invention provides a water body ecological restoration environmental monitoring system, which includes: a water quality assessment module, a biological monitoring module, a hydrological monitoring module, a comprehensive analysis module, an environmental monitoring module, and a warning terminal.

[0034] The water quality assessment module is respectively connected to the biological monitoring module, the comprehensive analysis module, and the database. The biological monitoring module is respectively connected to the hydrological monitoring module, the comprehensive analysis module, and the database. The hydrological monitoring module is respectively connected to the comprehensive analysis module and the database. The comprehensive analysis module is connected to the environmental monitoring module, and the environmental monitoring module is connected to the warning terminal.

[0035] A water quality assessment module is used to obtain the water quality indicators corresponding to the water body to be repaired at each ecological restoration stage, and then analyze to obtain the water quality assessment coefficients corresponding to each sampling point in the water body to be repaired at each ecological restoration stage. Each ecological restoration stage includes a pre-stage, a primary ecological restoration stage, a secondary ecological restoration stage, and a post-stage ecological monitoring and maintenance stage.

[0036] In a specific embodiment, the process of obtaining the water quality indicators corresponding to the water body to be repaired at each ecological restoration stage is as follows: The water quality indicators include dissolved organic matter concentration, microplastic content, and drug residue concentration. Set each sampling point, and use a water sample collector to sample at each sampling point of the designated water body to be repaired to obtain the corresponding water samples of the designated water body to be repaired. Divide each collected water sample into a first part, a second part, and a third part. Pass the first part of the collected water samples through filtration and sedimentation to remove solid particles and large particle substances, thereby obtaining each solution sample. Then measure each solution sample by high-performance liquid chromatography to obtain the dissolved organic matter concentration corresponding to each water sample in the first part. Extract and filter the microplastics from the second part of the water samples, and use a microscope device to count and identify the microplastics, thereby determining the microplastic content corresponding to each water sample in the second part. Purify and process the third part of each water sample, and use high-performance liquid chromatography to perform quantitative analysis on the drugs to be tested, thereby obtaining the drug residue concentration data corresponding to each water sample in the third part.

[0037] It should be noted that each sampling point collects each water sample, and each water sample corresponding to each sampling point is evenly divided into three equal parts of water samples. The number of water samples from each sampling point included in the first part of the water samples, the second part of the water samples, and the third part of the water samples is the same. The first part of the water samples is the water sample for measuring the dissolved organic matter concentration, the second part of the water samples is the water sample for measuring the microplastic content, and the third part of the water samples is the water sample for measuring the drug residue concentration;

[0038] Remove substances such as solid particles, suspended substances, and macromolecular organic matter in the water sample through a microporous filter membrane. Generally, a filter with a pore size of 0.45 microns or smaller is selected. According to the experimental needs, adjust the pH value of the water sample. Use acid-base solutions, such as hydrochloric acid and sodium hydroxide, to adjust the pH value of the water sample to the set range. Use ion exchange resins or other ion exchange materials to remove ions in the water sample, including but not limited to organic acids and metal ions;

[0039] For target substances with low concentrations, increase the concentration of the target substances in the water sample through concentration methods, such as evaporation concentration and solid-phase extraction. Organic matter analysis requires extraction treatment of the water sample, including but not limited to liquid-liquid extraction, solid-phase extraction, and microextraction, to extract the target organic matter from water into an organic solvent for concentration and analysis. Purify and process the third part of each water sample, and the treatment methods include but not limited to heating, freezing, oxidation, and adding drugs.

[0040] In a specific embodiment, the water quality assessment coefficients corresponding to each sampling point in the water body to be repaired at each ecological restoration stage are obtained through analysis. The specific analysis process is as follows: Obtain the standard water quality indicators corresponding to the water body ecology from the database. The standard water quality indicators include the standard dissolved organic matter concentration, the standard microplastic content, and the standard drug residue concentration;

[0041] According to the calculation formula the water quality assessment coefficient α corresponding to each sampling point in the water body to be repaired at each ecological restoration stage is obtained ij , where i is the number corresponding to each sampling point, i = 1, 2,......, q, q is any integer greater than 2, q represents the total number of sampling points, j is the number corresponding to each ecological restoration stage, j = 1, 2,......, n, n is any integer greater than 2, n represents the total number of ecological restoration stages, and among them m ij , s ij , c ij respectively represent the dissolved organic matter concentration, microplastic content, and drug residue concentration corresponding to the i-th sampling point in the water body to be repaired at the j-th ecological restoration stage, m′, s′, c′ respectively represent the standard dissolved organic matter concentration, standard microplastic content, and standard drug residue concentration, and η1, η2, η3 are respectively the weight factors corresponding to the set dissolved organic matter concentration, microplastic content, and drug residue concentration.

[0042] It should be noted that the values of η1, η2, η3 are all greater than 0 and less than 1.

[0043] It should be noted that the number of times the dissolved organic matter concentration causes the water quality assessment coefficient to be greater than the set water quality assessment coefficient threshold, the number of times the microplastic content causes the water quality assessment coefficient to be greater than the set water quality assessment coefficient threshold, and the number of times the drug residue concentration causes the water quality assessment coefficient to be greater than the set water quality assessment coefficient threshold are obtained from historical data, and the total number is obtained by accumulation. The number of times the dissolved organic matter concentration causes the water quality assessment coefficient to be greater than the set water quality assessment coefficient threshold, the number of times the microplastic content causes the water quality assessment coefficient to be greater than the set water quality assessment coefficient threshold, and the number of times the drug residue concentration causes the water quality assessment coefficient to be greater than the set water quality assessment coefficient threshold are respectively divided by the total number, and the results obtained are the weight factors corresponding to the set dissolved organic matter concentration, microplastic content, and drug residue concentration.

[0044] The biological monitoring module is used to monitor the information of aquatic biological species at each sampling point in the water body to be repaired during each ecological restoration stage, and then analyze the biodiversity assessment coefficients corresponding to each sampling point in the water body to be repaired during each ecological restoration stage.

[0045] In a specific embodiment, the process of monitoring the information of aquatic biological species at each sampling point in the water body to be repaired during each ecological restoration stage is as follows: The information of aquatic biological species includes the EPT index and the concentration of chlorophyll a in phytoplankton. According to the set sampling points, use the selected sampling tools to sample at the bottom of each sampling point in the water body to be repaired. Put the collected samples into labeled sample bottles, and add 70% ethanol as a preservation solution to preserve each sample. In the laboratory, use a microscope and sorting equipment to separate and classify each sample to obtain the number of benthic invertebrate individuals and the number of EPT individuals corresponding to each sample. Divide the number of EPT individuals corresponding to each sample by the number of benthic invertebrate individuals corresponding to each sample to obtain the EPT index corresponding to each sample;

[0046] Collect water samples at each sampling point, filter the collected water samples to remove large particulate matter, directly extract chlorophyll a in phytoplankton in each water sample with ethanol, and measure the concentration of chlorophyll a extracted from each water sample using a spectrophotometer.

[0047] It should be noted that the number of EPT individuals here refers to the total number of individuals of the three types of insects belonging to Ephemeroptera, Plecoptera, and Trichoptera at a sampling point, and the benthic invertebrates are classified to the family, genus, or species level.

[0048] During sampling, it is necessary to ensure that the tools can effectively capture benthic invertebrates. Each sampling point is usually sampled multiple times to reduce random errors. Sampling tools include but are not limited to D-type nets, grab buckets, and hand sieves. The choice of sampling tools depends on the water body type and sediment type, such as rivers, lakes, wetlands, sand, mud, and stones.

[0049] In a specific embodiment, the process of analyzing the biodiversity assessment coefficients corresponding to each sampling point in the water body to be repaired during each ecological restoration stage is as follows:

[0050] Obtain the standard biological species information corresponding to the water body ecology from the database. The standard biological species information includes the standard EPT index and the standard concentration of chlorophyll a in phytoplankton;

[0051] According to the calculation formula Obtain the biodiversity assessment coefficient β corresponding to each sampling point in the water body to be repaired during each ecological restoration stage ij , where Q ij , A ijThey respectively represent the EPT index and the phytoplankton chlorophyll a concentration corresponding to the \(i\)-th sampling point in the water body to be repaired at the \(j\)-th ecological restoration stage. \(Q'\) and \(A'\) respectively represent the standard EPT index and the standard phytoplankton chlorophyll a concentration. \(\mu_1\) and \(\mu_2\) are respectively the weight factors corresponding to the set EPT index and the weight factor corresponding to the phytoplankton chlorophyll a concentration.

[0052] It should be noted that the values of \(\mu_1\) and \(\mu_2\) are both greater than 0 and less than 1.

[0053] It should be noted that the number of times the EPT index corresponding to the biodiversity assessment coefficient greater than the set biodiversity assessment coefficient threshold and the number of times the phytoplankton chlorophyll a concentration leads to the biodiversity assessment coefficient greater than the set biodiversity assessment coefficient threshold are obtained from historical data, and the total number of times is accumulated. The number of times the EPT index leads to the biodiversity assessment coefficient greater than the set biodiversity assessment coefficient threshold and the number of times the phytoplankton chlorophyll a concentration leads to the biodiversity assessment coefficient greater than the set biodiversity assessment coefficient threshold are respectively divided by the total number of times, and the results obtained are the weight factors corresponding to the set EPT index and the weight factor corresponding to the phytoplankton chlorophyll a concentration.

[0054] The hydrological monitoring module is used to obtain the hydrological change information corresponding to each sampling point in the water body to be repaired at each ecological restoration stage, and then analyze and obtain the hydrological change assessment coefficient corresponding to each sampling point in the water body to be repaired at each ecological restoration stage.

[0055] It should be noted that hydrological changes such as changes in flow velocity, water level, and flow rate will directly affect the dissolved oxygen content and nutrient transport rate in the water body. The changing flow velocity and flow rate will change the distribution and transport path of pollutants in the water body, affect the concentration and distribution of pollutants in the water body. Hydrological changes directly affect the habitat type and stability in the water body. For example, water level changes will affect the formation and degradation of wetlands and coastal areas. The changing water flow velocity and water level height have a significant impact on the life history strategies, reproduction, and migration behaviors of aquatic organisms.

[0056] In a specific embodiment, the process of obtaining the hydrological change information corresponding to each sampling point in the water body to be repaired at each ecological restoration stage is as follows: The hydrological change information includes water body flow velocity, flow rate, and precipitation. Flow meters are installed at the set sampling points, the flow meters are started, and the flow velocity data within the set time period are recorded. Multiple measurements are carried out at different depths and different time periods to obtain the corresponding flow velocity data for each sampling point, and thus the water body flow velocity corresponding to each sampling point in the water body to be repaired at each ecological restoration stage is obtained;

[0057] At each sampling point, select a cross-section, use a sounding instrument to measure the water depth at each sampling point, so as to obtain the area of the cross-section. According to the flow velocity and cross-sectional area corresponding to each sampling point, calculate the flow rate corresponding to each sampling point, and thus obtain the flow rate corresponding to each sampling point in the water body to be repaired at each ecological restoration stage;

[0058] Install a weighing rain gauge on the shore of the water body to be repaired corresponding to each sampling point, record the precipitation corresponding to each sampling point according to the set time period, and analyze the precipitation corresponding to the water body to be repaired at each ecological restoration stage.

[0059] It should be noted that to calculate the flow rate corresponding to each sampling point, the formula X = Y * Z is applied, where X is the flow rate, Y is the cross-sectional area, and Z is the flow velocity. Fix the rain gauge at the selected position, ensure it is placed horizontally, and avoid the occlusion of precipitation by tall surrounding obstacles.

[0060] In a specific embodiment, the hydrological change evaluation coefficient corresponding to each sampling point in the water body to be repaired at each ecological restoration stage is analyzed as follows: Obtain the standard hydrological change information corresponding to the water body to be repaired from the database. The standard hydrological change information includes standard water body flow velocity, standard flow rate, and standard precipitation;

[0061] Through the calculation formula Obtain the hydrological change evaluation coefficient χ corresponding to each sampling point in the water body to be repaired at each ecological restoration stage ij , where v ij , L ij respectively represent the water body flow velocity and flow rate corresponding to the i-th sampling point in the water body to be repaired at the j-th ecological restoration stage. K ij represents the precipitation corresponding to the i-th sampling point in the water body to be repaired at the j-th ecological restoration stage. v′, L′, and K′ respectively represent the standard water body flow velocity, standard flow rate, and standard precipitation. γ1, γ2, and γ3 are the weight factors corresponding to the set water body flow velocity, flow rate, and precipitation, respectively.

[0062] It should be noted that the values of γ1, γ2, and γ3 are all greater than 0 and less than 1.

[0063] It should be noted that the number of times when the water velocity of the water body corresponding to the hydrological change evaluation coefficient greater than the set hydrological change evaluation coefficient threshold in the historical data causes the hydrological change evaluation coefficient to be greater than the set hydrological change evaluation coefficient threshold, the number of times when the flow rate causes the hydrological change evaluation coefficient to be greater than the set hydrological change evaluation coefficient threshold, and the number of times when the precipitation causes the hydrological change evaluation coefficient to be greater than the set hydrological change evaluation coefficient threshold are accumulated to obtain the total number of times. The number of times when the water velocity of the water body causes the hydrological change evaluation coefficient to be greater than the set hydrological change evaluation coefficient threshold, the number of times when the flow rate causes the hydrological change evaluation coefficient to be greater than the set hydrological change evaluation coefficient threshold, and the number of times when the precipitation causes the hydrological change evaluation coefficient to be greater than the set hydrological change evaluation coefficient threshold are respectively divided by the total number of times, and the results obtained are the weight factors corresponding to the set water velocity, the weight factor corresponding to the flow rate, and the weight factor corresponding to the precipitation.

[0064] The comprehensive analysis module is used to analyze and obtain the comprehensive evaluation coefficient corresponding to each sampling point in each ecological restoration stage in the water body to be restored according to the water quality evaluation coefficient, biodiversity evaluation coefficient, and hydrological change evaluation coefficient corresponding to each sampling point in the water body to be restored in each ecological restoration stage.

[0065] In a specific embodiment, the comprehensive evaluation coefficient corresponding to each sampling point in each ecological restoration stage in the water body ecological restoration of the water body to be restored is analyzed. The specific analysis process is as follows: Through the calculation formula δi j =αi j *λ1 + βi j *λ2 + χi j *λ3, the comprehensive evaluation coefficient δ corresponding to each sampling point in each ecological restoration stage in the water body ecological restoration of the water body to be restored is obtained. ij Among them, λ1, λ2, and λ3 are the weight factors corresponding to the set water quality evaluation coefficient, the weight factor corresponding to the biodiversity evaluation coefficient, and the weight factor corresponding to the hydrological change evaluation coefficient respectively.

[0066] It should be noted that the values of λ1, λ2, and λ3 are all greater than 0 and less than 1.

[0067] It should be noted that when obtaining the repair process corresponding to each ecological stage of the water body to be repaired from historical data, if there are environmental protection problems, the corresponding water quality assessment coefficients, the corresponding number of times of environmental protection problems caused by the biodiversity assessment coefficients, and the corresponding number of times of environmental protection problems caused by the hydrological change assessment coefficients are obtained. The total number of times is obtained by accumulation. The number of times of environmental protection problems caused by the water quality assessment coefficients, the number of times of environmental protection problems caused by the biodiversity assessment coefficients, and the number of times of environmental protection problems caused by the hydrological change assessment coefficients are respectively divided by the total number of times. The results obtained are the weight factors corresponding to the set water quality assessment coefficients, the weight factors corresponding to the biodiversity assessment coefficients, and the weight factors corresponding to the hydrological change assessment coefficients.

[0068] The environmental monitoring module is used to analyze the water quality treatment level and biodiversity treatment level adopted at each sampling point in the water body to be repaired during the previous ecological restoration stage, and to analyze whether there are environmental protection problems in the repair process corresponding to each ecological stage of the water body to be repaired.

[0069] In a specific embodiment, the specific analysis process of analyzing the water quality treatment level and biodiversity treatment level adopted at each sampling point in the water body to be repaired during the previous ecological restoration stage is as follows: Compare the water quality assessment coefficients corresponding to each sampling point in the water body to be repaired during the previous ecological restoration stage with the set water quality assessment coefficient intervals. Each set water quality assessment coefficient interval corresponds to each water quality treatment level. If the water quality assessment coefficient corresponding to a certain sampling point in the water body to be repaired during the previous ecological restoration stage belongs to a certain set water quality assessment coefficient interval, it means that the water quality treatment level adopted by this sampling point is the water quality treatment level corresponding to this water quality assessment coefficient interval. Thus, the water quality treatment levels adopted by each sampling point are analyzed;

[0070] Compare the biodiversity assessment coefficients corresponding to each sampling point in the water body to be repaired during the previous ecological restoration stage with the set biodiversity assessment coefficient intervals. Each set biodiversity assessment coefficient interval corresponds to each biodiversity treatment level. If the biodiversity assessment coefficient corresponding to a certain sampling point in the water body to be repaired during the previous ecological restoration stage belongs to a certain set biodiversity assessment coefficient interval, it means that the biodiversity treatment level adopted by this sampling point is the biodiversity treatment level corresponding to this biodiversity assessment coefficient interval. Thus, the biodiversity treatment levels adopted by each sampling point are analyzed.

[0071] It should be noted that each water quality treatment level includes, but is not limited to, the dosing of various amounts of oxidants, adsorbents, plants and microorganisms with biological adsorption capabilities. Each biodiversity treatment level includes, but is not limited to, the cleaning of various amounts of invasive species and the establishment of wetlands of various areas.

[0072] In a specific embodiment, it is analyzed whether there are environmental protection problems in the restoration processes corresponding to each ecological stage of the water body to be restored. The specific analysis process is as follows: The comprehensive evaluation coefficients corresponding to each sampling point in the water body to be restored at each ecological restoration stage are compared with the set comprehensive evaluation coefficient threshold. If the comprehensive evaluation coefficient corresponding to a certain sampling point in the water body to be restored at a certain ecological restoration stage is greater than or equal to the set comprehensive evaluation coefficient threshold, there are environmental protection problems in the restoration process corresponding to the water body to be restored. If the comprehensive evaluation coefficient corresponding to a certain sampling point in the water body to be restored at a certain ecological restoration stage is less than the set comprehensive evaluation coefficient threshold, there are no environmental protection problems in the restoration process corresponding to the water body to be restored. Thus, it is analyzed whether there are environmental protection problems in the restoration processes corresponding to each ecological stage of the water body to be restored.

[0073] In the process of comprehensively analyzing the water quality evaluation coefficient, biodiversity evaluation coefficient, and hydrological change evaluation coefficient of each sampling point of the water body to be restored in the embodiments of the present invention, various factors can be comprehensively considered. Through the calculation of the comprehensive evaluation coefficient, the overall recovery situation of each sampling point in the ecological restoration stage can be comprehensively judged, providing a scientific basis for formulating treatment strategies and optimizing ecological restoration plans. In the process of analyzing the water quality treatment level and biodiversity treatment level, it is beneficial to detailedly evaluate whether there are potential environmental problems in the ecological restoration process. Through the data analysis of the environmental monitoring module, problems that may have a negative impact on the health of the ecosystem can be discovered and solved in a timely manner, ensuring the environmental friendliness and sustainability of the ecological restoration work.

[0074] An early warning terminal is used to give an early warning prompt when there are environmental protection problems in the restoration process corresponding to a certain ecological stage of the water body to be restored.

[0075] A database is used to store the standard water quality indicators corresponding to the water body to be restored. The standard water quality indicators include the standard dissolved organic matter concentration, standard microplastic content, and standard drug residue concentration. The standard biological species information corresponding to the water body to be restored, and the standard biological species information includes the standard EPT index and standard phytoplankton chlorophyll a concentration. The standard hydrological change information corresponding to the water body to be restored, and the standard hydrological change information includes the standard water body flow rate, standard flow, and standard precipitation.

[0076] An environmental monitoring system for water body ecological restoration provided by the present invention can accurately obtain the chlorophyll a concentration and benthic invertebrate information of each sample through laboratory analysis and measurement during the process of obtaining the water quality indexes of each sampling point of the water body to be restored. During the process of monitoring the biological species information of the water body to be restored, the microscope and sorting equipment are used to classify the samples, and the individual numbers of benthic invertebrates and the individual numbers of EPT can be accurately obtained. By comparing the biodiversity assessment coefficient with the set interval, the complexity and stability of the ecosystem can be visually evaluated, providing a basis for taking corresponding biodiversity governance measures. During the process of obtaining hydrological change information, through the analysis of the hydrological change assessment coefficient, the flow condition and hydrodynamic characteristics of the water body can be evaluated, providing key data support for the restoration of the ecosystem.

[0077] The above content is only an example and illustration of the concept of the present invention. Those skilled in the art of the present technology can make various modifications, supplements, or use similar methods to replace the specific embodiments described, as long as they do not deviate from the concept of the invention or exceed the scope defined in this specification, they should all fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. An environmental monitoring system for water body ecological restoration, characterized in that, Including: A water quality assessment module, which is used to obtain the water quality indicators corresponding to each ecological restoration stage of the water body to be restored, and then analyze the water quality assessment coefficients corresponding to each sampling point in the water body to be restored at each ecological restoration stage. Each ecological restoration stage includes the pre-stage, the primary ecological restoration stage, the intermediate ecological restoration stage, and the post-stage ecological monitoring and maintenance stage; A biological monitoring module, which is used to monitor the information of the types of organisms in the water at each sampling point in the water body to be restored at each ecological restoration stage, and then analyze the biodiversity assessment coefficients corresponding to each sampling point in the water body to be restored at each ecological restoration stage; A hydrological monitoring module, which is used to obtain the hydrological change information corresponding to each sampling point in the water body to be restored at each ecological restoration stage, and then analyze the hydrological change assessment coefficients corresponding to each sampling point in the water body to be restored at each ecological restoration stage; The process of obtaining the hydrological change information corresponding to each sampling point in the water body to be restored at each ecological restoration stage is as follows: The hydrological change information includes water velocity, flow rate, and precipitation. Install a current meter at each set sampling point, start the current meter, and record the velocity data within the set time period. Conduct multiple measurements at different depths and different time periods to obtain the velocity data corresponding to each sampling point, and thus obtain the water velocity corresponding to each sampling point in the water body to be restored at each ecological restoration stage; Select a cross-section at each sampling point, use a depth finder to measure the water depth at each sampling point, so as to obtain the area of the cross-section. Calculate the flow rate corresponding to each sampling point according to the velocity and cross-sectional area corresponding to each sampling point, and thus obtain the flow rate corresponding to each sampling point in the water body to be restored at each ecological restoration stage; Install a weighing rain gauge on the shore of the water body to be restored corresponding to each sampling point, record the precipitation corresponding to each sampling point according to the set time period, and analyze the precipitation corresponding to the water body to be restored at each ecological restoration stage based on this; The process of analyzing the hydrological change assessment coefficients corresponding to each sampling point in the water body to be restored at each ecological restoration stage is as follows: Obtain the standard hydrological change information corresponding to the water body to be restored from the database. The standard hydrological change information includes standard water velocity, standard flow rate, and standard precipitation; By using the calculation formula the hydrological change evaluation coefficient χ corresponding to each sampling point in the water body to be repaired at each ecological restoration stage is obtained ij , where v ij , L ij respectively represent the water velocity and flow rate of the i-th sampling point in the water body to be repaired at the j-th ecological restoration stage, and K ij represents the precipitation corresponding to the i-th sampling point in the water body to be repaired at the j-th ecological restoration stage. v′, L′, and K′ respectively represent the standard water velocity, standard flow rate, and standard precipitation. γ1, γ2, and γ3 are respectively the weight factors corresponding to the set water velocity, the weight factor corresponding to the flow rate, and the weight factor corresponding to the precipitation; A comprehensive analysis module, which is used to analyze the comprehensive assessment coefficients corresponding to each sampling point in the water body to be restored at each ecological restoration stage according to the water quality assessment coefficients, biodiversity assessment coefficients, and hydrological change assessment coefficients corresponding to each sampling point in the water body to be restored at each ecological restoration stage; An environmental monitoring module, which is used to analyze the water quality treatment level and biodiversity treatment level adopted at each sampling point in the water body to be restored during the pre-ecological restoration stage, and analyze whether there are environmental protection problems in the restoration process corresponding to each ecological stage of the water body to be restored; An early warning terminal, which is used to give an early warning prompt when there are environmental protection problems in the restoration process corresponding to a certain ecological stage of the water body to be restored.

2. The water body ecological restoration environmental monitoring system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The process of obtaining the water quality indicators corresponding to each ecological restoration stage of the water body to be restored is as follows: Water quality indicators include the concentration of dissolved organic matter, the content of microplastics, and the concentration of drug residues. Each sampling point is set, and a water sample collector is used to sample at each sampling point of the water body to be repaired, obtaining each water sample corresponding to the water body to be repaired. Each collected water sample is divided into a first part, a second part, and a third part. The first part of the collected water samples is passed through filtration and sedimentation to remove solid particles and large particulate matter, thereby obtaining each solution sample. Then, each solution sample is measured by high-performance liquid chromatography to obtain the concentration of dissolved organic matter corresponding to each water sample in the first part. The second part of the water samples is subjected to microplastic extraction and filtration, and a microscope device is used for the counting and identification of microplastics, thereby determining the content of microplastics corresponding to each water sample in the second part. The third part of each water sample is purified and treated, and high-performance liquid chromatography is used for quantitative analysis of the drugs to be measured, thereby obtaining the drug residue concentration data corresponding to each water sample in the third part.

3. The water body ecological restoration environmental protection monitoring system according to claim 2, characterized in that, The above analysis obtains the water quality assessment coefficients corresponding to each sampling point in each ecological restoration stage of the water body to be repaired. The specific analysis process is as follows: Obtain the standard water quality indicators corresponding to the water body to be repaired from the database. The standard water quality indicators include the standard concentration of dissolved organic matter, the standard content of microplastics, and the standard concentration of drug residues; According to the calculation formula the water quality assessment coefficient α corresponding to each sampling point in the water body to be repaired at each ecological restoration stage is obtained ij , where i is the number corresponding to each sampling point, i = 1, 2,......, q, q is any integer greater than 2, q represents the total number of sampling points, j is the number corresponding to each ecological restoration stage, j = 1, 2,......, n, n is any integer greater than 2, n represents the total number of ecological restoration stages, and m ij , s ij , c ij respectively represent the dissolved organic matter concentration, microplastic content, and drug residue concentration corresponding to the i-th sampling point in the water body to be repaired at the j-th ecological restoration stage, m′, s′, and c′ respectively represent the standard dissolved organic matter concentration, standard microplastic content, and standard drug residue concentration, and η1, η2, and η3 are the weight factors corresponding to the set dissolved organic matter concentration, microplastic content, and drug residue concentration, respectively.

4. An environmental monitoring system for water body ecological restoration according to claim 3, characterized in that, Monitor the information on the types of organisms in the water at each sampling point in each ecological restoration stage of the water body to be repaired. The specific monitoring process is as follows: The information on the types of organisms includes the EPT index and the concentration of chlorophyll a in phytoplankton. According to the set sampling points, a selected sampling tool is used to sample at the bottom of each sampling point of the water body to be repaired. The collected samples are placed in labeled sample bottles, and 70% ethanol is added as a preservative to preserve each sample. In the laboratory, a microscope and sorting equipment are used to separate and classify each sample to obtain the number of benthic invertebrate individuals and the number of EPT individuals corresponding to each sample. The number of EPT individuals corresponding to each sample is divided by the number of benthic invertebrate individuals corresponding to each sample to obtain the EPT index corresponding to each sample; Water samples are collected at each sampling point, and the collected water samples are filtered to remove large particulate matter. Ethanol is used to directly extract chlorophyll a in phytoplankton in each water sample, and a spectrophotometer is used to measure the concentration of chlorophyll a extracted from each water sample.

5. An environmental monitoring system for water body ecological restoration according to claim 4, characterized in that, Analyze the biodiversity assessment coefficients corresponding to each sampling point in each ecological restoration stage of the water body to be repaired. The specific analysis process is as follows: Obtain the standard information on the types of organisms corresponding to the water body to be repaired from the database. The standard information on the types of organisms includes the standard EPT index and the standard concentration of chlorophyll a in phytoplankton; According to the calculation formula the biodiversity assessment coefficient β corresponding to each sampling point in the water body to be repaired at each ecological restoration stage is obtained ij , where Q ij , A ij respectively represent the EPT index and the phytoplankton chlorophyll a concentration corresponding to the i-th sampling point in the water body to be repaired at the j-th ecological restoration stage, Q′ and A′ respectively represent the standard EPT index and the standard phytoplankton chlorophyll a concentration, and μ1 and μ2 are respectively the weight factors corresponding to the set EPT index and the weight factor corresponding to the phytoplankton chlorophyll a concentration.

6. The water body ecological restoration environmental monitoring system according to claim 5, characterized in that, The above analysis obtains the comprehensive assessment coefficients corresponding to each sampling point in each ecological restoration stage of the ecological restoration of the water body to be repaired. The specific analysis process is as follows: By calculating the formula δ ij = α ij *λ1 + β ij *λ2 + χ ij *λ3, the comprehensive evaluation coefficient δ corresponding to each sampling point in each ecological restoration stage during the ecological restoration of the water body to be repaired is obtained ij , where λ1, λ2, and λ3 are the weight factors corresponding to the set water quality evaluation coefficient, the weight factor corresponding to the biodiversity evaluation coefficient, and the weight factor corresponding to the hydrological change evaluation coefficient, respectively.

7. An environmental monitoring system for water body ecological restoration according to claim 6, characterized in that, Analyze the water quality governance level and biodiversity governance level adopted at each sampling point in the early ecological restoration stage of the water body to be repaired. The specific analysis process is as follows: Compare the water quality assessment coefficients corresponding to each sampling point in the water body to be repaired during the previous ecological restoration stage with the set water quality assessment coefficient intervals. Each of the set water quality assessment coefficient intervals corresponds to each water quality treatment level. If the water quality assessment coefficient corresponding to a certain sampling point in the water body to be repaired during the previous ecological restoration stage belongs to a certain set water quality assessment coefficient interval, it indicates that the water quality treatment level adopted for this sampling point is the water quality treatment level corresponding to this water quality assessment coefficient interval. Thus, analyze the water quality treatment levels adopted for each sampling point. Compare the biodiversity assessment coefficients corresponding to each sampling point in the water body to be repaired during the previous ecological restoration stage with the set biodiversity assessment coefficient intervals. Each of the set biodiversity assessment coefficient intervals corresponds to each biodiversity treatment level. If the biodiversity assessment coefficient corresponding to a certain sampling point in the water body to be repaired during the previous ecological restoration stage belongs to a certain set biodiversity assessment coefficient interval, it indicates that the biodiversity treatment level adopted for this sampling point is the biodiversity treatment level corresponding to this biodiversity assessment coefficient interval. Thus, analyze the biodiversity treatment levels adopted for each sampling point.

8. The water body ecological restoration environmental protection monitoring system according to claim 7, characterized in that, Analyze whether there are environmental protection problems in the repair process corresponding to each ecological stage of the water body to be repaired. The specific analysis process is as follows: Compare the comprehensive assessment coefficients corresponding to each sampling point in the water body to be repaired during each ecological restoration stage with the set comprehensive assessment coefficient threshold. If the comprehensive assessment coefficient corresponding to a certain sampling point in the water body to be repaired during a certain ecological restoration stage is greater than or equal to the set comprehensive assessment coefficient threshold, there are environmental protection problems in the repair process corresponding to the water body to be repaired. If the comprehensive assessment coefficient corresponding to a certain sampling point in the water body to be repaired during a certain ecological restoration stage is less than the set comprehensive assessment coefficient threshold, there are no environmental protection problems in the repair process corresponding to the water body to be repaired. Thus, analyze whether there are environmental protection problems in the repair process corresponding to each ecological stage of the water body to be repaired.

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