A biocontrol agent for controlling sesame wilt disease

Abstract

This invention discloses a biocontrol agent for controlling sesame wilt, belonging to the field of pesticide technology. The raw materials of this biocontrol agent for controlling sesame wilt, by weight, include: 8-15 parts of a pyrimidine nucleoside antibiotic, 0.5-5 parts of matrine, 0.5-2 parts of an antioxidant, 1-5 parts of a dispersant, 1-3 parts of an adhesive, and 2000 parts of water. This invention utilizes a mixture of the pyrimidine nucleoside antibiotic and matrine to achieve a synergistic effect. The mixed product system allows matrine to enter the plant more easily, further improving its rapid action and systemic absorption. Furthermore, by simultaneously utilizing the different bactericidal mechanisms of the pyrimidine nucleoside antibiotic and matrine, the problem of the slow onset of action of the pyrimidine nucleoside antibiotic is addressed, thus enabling faster and more effective control of sesame wilt.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of pesticide technology, and in particular to a biocontrol agent for the prevention and control of sesame wilt disease. Background Technology

[0002] Sesame is one of the world's major oilseed crops, rich in beneficial components such as vitamin E, linoleic acid, and sesamol, and possesses a unique aroma, holding an irreplaceable position in the edible oil market. Currently, with economic and social development, how to further improve sesame yield and quality to achieve increased production and efficiency has become a key research focus for researchers. Among these efforts, enhancing the disease and pest resistance of sesame plants is an effective method.

[0003] Sesame wilt, a common pest and disease of sesame, occurs throughout the entire growth period, but is most severe during the flowering and topping stages. It causes the entire plant to die, reduces the thousand-seed weight, and causes capsule cracking, severely impacting sesame yield and quality. The incidence of sesame wilt is particularly high under rainy and humid conditions. While chemical pesticides offer rapid and effective treatments for sesame wilt, their high toxicity, high residue levels, and environmental unfriendliness make them unsuitable for widespread application. Improving sesame varieties through screening for disease-resistant varieties offers better overall results, but requires more time and resources. Currently, researchers are primarily focusing on biocontrol agents. Biocontrol agents (BCAs), also known as biological pesticides, are biologically derived natural pesticides that utilize active substances produced by organisms or the organism itself as pesticides. They possess insecticidal, fungicidal, or disease-resistant properties.

[0004] Pyrimidine nucleoside antibiotics are characterized by high efficacy, broad spectrum, and low toxicity to humans and animals, and are commonly used as fungicides. Pyrimidine nucleoside antibiotics can directly interfere with the protein synthesis process of pathogens, leading to inhibited protein synthesis and thus suppressing pathogen growth and reproduction. The protective components of pyrimidine nucleoside antibiotics can form a dense polymeric protective film on the surface of plants and fruits. This film can inhibit and hinder pathogens, effectively preventing their invasion and spread. However, although pyrimidine nucleoside antibiotics have systemic and curative effects, their action is not immediate or complete; they need to be translocated within the plant to inhibit pathogen protein synthesis, which takes time. Since sesame wilt is caused by Fusarium oxysporum sesame-specific variant, this pathogen has a strong survival ability. Pyrimidine nucleoside antibiotics usually cannot completely solve the problem with a single application; 2-3 applications are needed, with intervals of about half a month between each application. Therefore, further improvements in their efficacy are needed. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of this invention is to provide a biocontrol agent for the prevention and control of sesame wilt, thereby addressing the aforementioned problems in the background art. This invention utilizes a mixture of pyrimidine nucleoside antibiotics and matrine, leveraging their synergistic effects. The resulting mixture allows matrine to more easily penetrate the plant, further enhancing its rapid-acting and systemic properties. Furthermore, by simultaneously utilizing the different bactericidal mechanisms of pyrimidine nucleoside antibiotics and matrine, the slow onset of action of pyrimidine nucleoside antibiotics is addressed, thus enabling faster and more effective control of sesame wilt.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution:

[0007] One of the technical solutions of this invention: provides a biocontrol agent for preventing and controlling sesame wilt, the raw materials comprising, by weight:

[0008] The mixture contains 8-15 parts of pyrimidine nucleoside antibiotics, 0.5-5 parts of matrine, 0.5-2 parts of antioxidant, 1-5 parts of dispersant, 1-3 parts of adhesive, and 2000 parts of water.

[0009] Preferably, the antioxidant is epoxidized soybean oil.

[0010] Preferably, the dispersant is sodium lignosulfonate or alkylphenol polyoxyethylene ether.

[0011] Preferably, the adhesive is magnesium aluminum silicate.

[0012] Preferably, the biocontrol agent is composed of the following raw materials in parts by weight:

[0013] The mixture contains 13 parts of pyrimidine nucleoside antibiotics, 3.5 parts of matrine, 1 part of antioxidant, 4 parts of dispersant, 3 parts of adhesive, and 2000 parts of water.

[0014] The second technical solution of the present invention provides a method for preparing the above-mentioned biocontrol agent for controlling sesame wilt, comprising the following steps:

[0015] By mixing the raw materials in the specified proportions, the biocontrol agent for preventing and controlling sesame wilt disease is obtained.

[0016] The third technical solution of the present invention provides the application of the above-mentioned biocontrol agent for controlling sesame wilt in the control of sesame wilt.

[0017] Preferably, the method of controlling sesame wilt is to spray the biocontrol agent for controlling sesame wilt onto the surface of sesame plants.

[0018] The technical principle of this invention is as follows:

[0019] Matrine exhibits strong antifungal activity against pathogenic fungi. By inhibiting the mycelial growth and spore germination of pathogenic fungi, matrine effectively reduces the number of pathogens, thereby decreasing the occurrence and spread of diseases. Matrine can disrupt the cell walls or cell membranes of fungi such as Fusarium oxysporum, leading to leakage of cell contents and cell death. Flavonoids and other components in matrine, such as normatrine and matrine ketone, also have certain inhibitory effects on pathogenic fungi.

[0020] This invention, through research, found that matrine alone, as the active ingredient, is ineffective in controlling sesame wilt. This is mainly because the nitrogen and oxygen atoms in the matrine molecule are polar atoms, while plant cell walls and cell membranes are primarily composed of lipids and other nonpolar molecules. The interaction between polar molecules and the nonpolar environment is weak, potentially limiting the solubility of matrine within the plant, thus affecting its absorption and translocation. Furthermore, matrine molecules are relatively large, encountering greater resistance when passing through plant cell walls and membranes, requiring overcoming greater diffusion barriers and making it difficult for them to adapt to channels or pores in plant cell walls or membranes. Although water as a solvent helps disperse and release matrine and facilitates its contact with the plant surface, it does not significantly improve its rapid efficacy.

[0021] However, this invention combines matrine with two active ingredients, pyrimidine nucleoside antibiotics. Because pyrimidine nucleoside antibiotics have a good balance of hydrophilicity and lipophilicity, they can easily cross the cell membrane and cell wall of plants and enter the cell interior. They can be rapidly absorbed and translocated within the plant. Therefore, when matrine and pyrimidine nucleoside antibiotics are dissolved in the same solution, the contact between the two molecules increases, which is conducive to the formation of a complex. The systemic conductivity of pyrimidine nucleoside antibiotics can carry matrine molecules into plant tissues, helping matrine to enter the plant more quickly and forming a certain concentration gradient within the plant, thereby improving the systemic activity of matrine and enhancing the control effect.

[0022] The beneficial technical effects of the present invention are as follows:

[0023] This invention utilizes a combination of pyrimidine nucleoside antibiotics and matrine to achieve a synergistic effect. The resulting mixture allows matrine to penetrate the plant more easily, enhancing its rapid action and systemic absorption. Furthermore, by simultaneously leveraging the different bactericidal mechanisms of pyrimidine nucleoside antibiotics and matrine, it addresses the issue of slow onset of action of pyrimidine nucleoside antibiotics, thus enabling faster and more effective control of sesame wilt.

[0024] The biocontrol agent designed in this invention has the advantages of being residue-free, green and pollution-free, fast-acting, long-lasting antibacterial, and simple in preparation process, and has great application value. Detailed Implementation

[0025] Various exemplary embodiments of the present invention will now be described in detail. This detailed description should not be considered as a limitation of the present invention, but rather as a more detailed description of certain aspects, features, and embodiments of the present invention. It should be understood that the terminology used in this invention is merely for describing particular embodiments and is not intended to limit the present invention.

[0026] Furthermore, regarding the numerical ranges in this invention, it should be understood that each intermediate value between the upper and lower limits of the range is also specifically disclosed. Any stated value or intermediate value within a stated range, as well as each smaller range between any other stated value or intermediate value within said range, are also included in this invention. The upper and lower limits of these smaller ranges may be independently included or excluded from the range.

[0027] Unless otherwise stated, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art. While only preferred methods and materials have been described herein, any methods and materials similar to or equivalent to those described herein may be used in the implementation or testing of this invention.

[0028] The terms “comprising,” “including,” “having,” “containing,” etc., used in this invention are all open-ended terms, meaning that they include but are not limited to.

[0029] The pyrimidine nucleoside antibiotics used in the following embodiments and comparative examples of the present invention were purchased from Wuhan Kenuo Biotechnology Co., Ltd.

[0030] All raw materials used in the following embodiments and comparative examples of the present invention are commercially available products.

[0031] Example 1

[0032] A biocontrol agent, comprising the following raw materials in parts by weight:

[0033] The mixture contained 13 parts of pyrimidine nucleoside antibiotics, 3.5 parts of matrine, 1 part of epoxidized soybean oil, 4 parts of sodium lignosulfonate, 3 parts of magnesium aluminum silicate, and 2000 parts of water.

[0034] Preparation of biocontrol agents:

[0035] The biocontrol agent is prepared by mixing pyrimidine nucleoside antibiotics, matrine, and water in a certain proportion, and then adding the remaining raw materials.

[0036] Example 2

[0037] A biocontrol agent, comprising the following raw materials in parts by weight:

[0038] Nine parts of pyrimidine nucleoside antibiotics, five parts of matrine, 1.5 parts of epoxidized soybean oil, one part of alkylphenol polyoxyethylene ether, one part of magnesium aluminum silicate, and 2000 parts of water.

[0039] Preparation of biocontrol agents:

[0040] The biocontrol agent is prepared by mixing pyrimidine nucleoside antibiotics, matrine, and water in a certain proportion, and then adding the remaining raw materials.

[0041] Example 3

[0042] A biocontrol agent, comprising the following raw materials in parts by weight:

[0043] 15 parts of pyrimidine nucleoside antibiotics, 1.5 parts of matrine, 2 parts of epoxidized soybean oil, 2 parts of sodium lignosulfonate, 2 parts of magnesium aluminum silicate, and 2000 parts of water.

[0044] Preparation of biocontrol agents:

[0045] The biocontrol agent is prepared by mixing pyrimidine nucleoside antibiotics, matrine, and water in a certain proportion, and then adding the remaining raw materials.

[0046] Comparative Example 1

[0047] The only difference from Example 1 is that the omitted pyrimidine nucleoside antibiotics are added and an equal mass of matrine is supplemented.

[0048] Comparative Example 2

[0049] The only difference from Example 1 is that matrine is omitted and an equal mass of pyrimidine nucleoside antibiotics is added.

[0050] Comparative Example 3

[0051] A biocontrol agent, comprising the following raw materials in parts by weight:

[0052] The mixture consisted of 8 parts pyrimidine nucleoside antibiotics, 7 parts matrine, 1 part epoxidized soybean oil, 4 parts sodium lignosulfonate, 3 parts magnesium aluminum silicate, and 2000 parts water.

[0053] Preparation of biocontrol agents:

[0054] The biocontrol agent is prepared by mixing pyrimidine nucleoside antibiotics, matrine, and water in a certain proportion, and then adding the remaining raw materials.

[0055] Effect verification

[0056] (1) Select a field plot where sesame wilt disease has occurred, and randomly select 6 plots with an area of ​​20m² from it. 2In a designated plot of land, sesame seedlings of similar height were planted evenly within the plot, following local planting practices, and managed under the same conditions. Once the sesame plants reached their peak flowering period, they were tested for sesame wilt disease.

[0057] The test method for sesame wilt disease is as follows: prepare a total colony count of 10... 6 A CFU / mL suspension of *Fusarium oxysporum* Schi.F.sp. sesami (Zap.) Cast was evenly sprayed onto the surface of sesame plants, 200 mL per plot, and then allowed to stand for one day. One day later, the biocontrol agents prepared in Example 1 and Comparative Examples 1-3 were evenly sprayed onto the surface of the sesame plants (1100 mL per plot). A positive control group sprayed with chlorothalonil (0.15%) and a blank control group without spraying were used. Twenty days after spraying, the incidence of sesame wilt in each plot was recorded. After the statistics were completed, the sesame plants were cultured to maturity, harvested, and the final yield of each plot was recorded. The test results are shown in Table 1.

[0058] The formula for calculating the incidence rate of Fusarium wilt is: Fusarium wilt incidence rate (%) = (Number of infected plants / Total number of plants) × 100%

[0059] Table 1

[0060] project Fusarium wilt incidence rate (%) Final yield (kg) Blank control group 79.2 2.08 Positive control group 9.1 2.91 Example 1 8.4 3.12 Comparative Example 1 31.7 2.49 Comparative Example 2 24.6 2.55 Comparative Example 3 19.2 2.70

[0061] The embodiments described above are merely preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention. Various modifications and improvements made by those skilled in the art to the technical solutions of the present invention without departing from the spirit of the present invention should fall within the protection scope defined by the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A biocontrol agent for controlling sesame wilt, characterized in that, The biocontrol preparation is composed of the following raw materials in mass fraction: pyrimidine nucleoside antibiotic 13 parts, sophoramine 3.5 parts, antioxidant 1 part, dispersing agent 4 parts, adhesive 3 parts and water 2000 parts; The antioxidant is epoxidized soybean oil; The dispersing agent is sodium lignosulfonate or alkylphenol polyoxyethylene ether; The adhesive is magnesium aluminum silicate.

2. A method for preparing the biocontrol agent for controlling S. oryzae according to claim 1, characterized in that, The method comprises the following steps: Mixing the raw materials in proportion, thereby obtaining the biocontrol preparation for preventing and treating sesame fusarium wilt.

3. The biocontrol preparation for preventing and treating sesame fusarium wilt according to claim 1 is applied to preventing and treating sesame fusarium wilt.

4. Use according to claim 3, characterized in that, The method for preventing and treating sesame fusarium wilt is spraying the biocontrol preparation for preventing and treating sesame fusarium wilt on the surface of sesame plants.