A processing and purification equipment for cyclopentanone distillation and its process

Abstract

The invention discloses a processing and purification device for cyclopentanone rectification and a process thereof, which relates to the technical field of purification, and comprises a distillation flask and a protection device. The bottom of the distillation flask is provided with a base, a slide rail is fixedly installed on the top of the base, and a driving device is slidably installed on the inner wall of the slide rail; wherein the protection device comprises a shunt pipe, a temperature detector, a serpentine condenser, a support plate, a support frame, a heating device, a hollow pipe, a pneumatic rod, an L-shaped rod, a hydraulic cylinder, a connecting pipe, a hydraulic rod and a protection cover; the distillation flask is heated by the heating device, and the mixture in the distillation flask is heated to the boiling point of cyclopentanone by heating, so that the mixture is vaporized into steam, and the steam enters the serpentine condenser through the diverter pipe; the driving device is slowly descended when the air is slowly discharged, so as to prevent the driving device from descending too fast, causing the distillation flask to splash the liquid inside the heating device, thereby affecting the purification environment.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of purification, in particular to a processing and purification device for cyclopentanone distillation and a process thereof. Background Art

[0002] Distillation is a physical method that uses the difference in boiling points of liquids to separate. In the distillation and purification of cyclopentanone, the cyclopentanone in the mixture is heated to 130°C, and then the generated vapor is condensed into liquid, and finally pure cyclopentanone is collected.

[0003] The patent with patent announcement number CN207627963U involves a new type of distillation and purification device, including a reflux pump, a feed pump, a contact switch, a support ring, a floating rod, a distillation kettle, a connecting rod, a distillation tower, an electric cylinder, an outer ring plate, a spring and a speed reducer. The reflux pump is installed at the left end of the distillation kettle, and a feed pump is provided at the left end of the distillation kettle. A contact switch and a support ring are installed inside the distillation kettle. The support ring is installed at the lower end of the contact switch, and the support ring is installed on the floating rod. This design can control the liquid level in the distillation kettle. An electric cylinder is installed on the inner wall of the distillation tower, and a connecting rod is installed at the lower end of the electric cylinder. The connecting rod is installed at the outer end of the outer ring plate, and a spring is provided at the inner end of the outer ring plate. The inner end of the spring is equipped with a speed reducer. This design can reduce the gas flow rate in the distillation tower. This patent has a reasonable structure, is easy to use, has good distillation and purification effect, and has high working stability.

[0004] In the above patent, the liquid level in the distillation kettle can be controlled. An electric cylinder is installed on the inner wall of the distillation tower, a connecting rod is installed at the lower end of the electric cylinder, the connecting rod is installed at the outer end of the outer ring plate, a spring is provided at the inner end of the outer ring plate, and a speed reducer is installed at the inner end of the spring. This design can reduce the gas flow rate in the distillation tower. This patent has a reasonable structure, is easy to use, has good distillation and purification effects, and has high working stability. However, during the heating process, the surface of the container is in a high temperature state, and touching it may cause injury to the user. Summary of the invention

[0005] In view of the deficiencies in the prior art, the present invention provides a cyclopentanone distillation processing and purification device and a process thereof, which solves the problems raised in the above background technology.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention is implemented through the following technical solutions: a processing and purification equipment for cyclopentanone distillation, including a distillation flask and a protective device, wherein a base is arranged at the bottom of the distillation flask, a slide rail is fixedly installed on the top of the base, and a driving device is slidably installed on the inner wall of the slide rail; wherein the protective device includes a shunt pipe, a temperature detector, a serpentine condenser, a support plate, a support frame, a heating device, a hollow pipe, a pneumatic rod, an L-shaped rod, a hydraulic cylinder, a connecting pipe, a hydraulic rod and a protective cover, wherein the distillation flask is heated by the heating device, and the mixture in the distillation flask is heated to the boiling point of cyclopentanone by heating, so that it is vaporized into steam, and the steam enters the serpentine condenser through the shunt pipe, and the shunt pipe is sleeved on The top of the distillation flask, the temperature detector is sleeved on the top of the temperature detector, the serpentine condenser is sleeved on the surface of the diversion pipe, the support plate is fixedly installed on the surface of the driving device, the heating device is fixedly installed on the top of the base, the hollow tube is fixedly installed on the top of the inner wall of the slide rail, the pneumatic rod is slidably installed on the inner wall of the hollow tube, the L-shaped rod is fixedly installed on the surface of the pneumatic rod, the connecting pipe is fixedly installed inside the base, the hydraulic cylinder is fixedly installed on the top of the connecting pipe, the hydraulic rod is slidably installed on the top of the connecting pipe, and the protective cover is fixedly installed on the top of the hydraulic rod. When the liquid enters the connecting pipe, it will push the hydraulic rod to move upward, and the upward movement of the hydraulic rod will drive the protective cover to move upward, so that the distillation flask is protected by the protective cover.

[0007] The support frame is in contact with the surface of the serpentine condenser tube, the L-shaped rod is in contact with the inner wall of the hydraulic cylinder, and an air outlet hole is opened on the surface of the hollow tube.

[0008] According to the above technical scheme, a clamping device for clamping the distillation flask is provided on the driving device, and the clamping device includes a hollow seat, a sliding rod, a No. 1 spring, a slider and a clamping ring. The distillation flask is manually pushed to move in the direction of the clamping ring. The distillation flask moves in the direction of the clamping ring and contacts the clamping ring. The clamping ring is squeezed by the distillation flask and moves in the direction away from the distillation flask. The hollow seat is fixedly installed on the surface of the driving device, the sliding rod slides through the surface of the hollow seat, the No. 1 spring is sleeved on the surface of the sliding rod, and the sliding rod is driven to reset by the No. 1 spring. The slider is fixedly installed on the surface of the sliding rod, and the clamping ring is fixedly installed on the surface of the slider to prevent the distillation flask from moving and affecting the purification of cyclopentanone.

[0009] According to the above technical solution, a groove is provided on the surface of the clamp ring, a sliding rod slides through the inner wall of the groove, a No. 2 spring is sleeved on the surface of the sliding rod, and the sliding rod is driven to reset by the No. 2 spring, an arc plate is fixedly installed on the top of the sliding rod, a sliding plate is slidably installed on the inner wall of the groove, a triangular block is slidably installed on the inner wall of the groove, an elastic telescopic rod is fixedly installed on the surface of the triangular block, an anti-skid plate is fixedly installed on the free end of the elastic telescopic rod, and the movement of the elastic telescopic rod toward the direction close to the distillation flask will drive the anti-skid plate to move toward the direction close to the distillation flask, and contact the distillation flask through the anti-skid plate.

[0010] According to the above technical solution, the distillation flask contacts the surface of the arc plate, a first spring is arranged between the groove and the sliding plate, and the sliding plate is driven to reset by the first spring, and a second spring is arranged between the groove and the triangular block, and the triangular block is driven to reset by the second spring.

[0011] According to the above technical solution, a limiting device is provided on the clamping device, and the limiting device includes a fixed seat, a pulley, an L-shaped plate, a trapezoidal plate and a concave plate. The movement of the sliding rod in the direction away from the distillation flask will drive the fixed seat to move in the direction away from the distillation flask, and the movement of the fixed seat in the direction away from the distillation flask will drive the pulley to move in the direction away from the distillation flask. The fixed seat is fixedly installed on the end of the sliding rod away from the hollow seat, the pulley is rotatably installed on the inner wall of the fixed seat, the L-shaped plate is fixedly installed on the surface of the slide rail, the trapezoidal plate is slidably installed on the surface of the L-shaped plate, and the concave plate is slidably installed on the top of the L-shaped plate.

[0012] According to the above technical solution, a rotating rod is rotatably installed on the top of the L-shaped plate, a rotating plate is fixedly installed on the surface of the rotating rod, and a limiting plate is slidably installed on the top of the L-shaped plate. By manually pushing the concave plate to move in the direction of the rotating rod, the concave plate moves in the direction of the rotating rod and contacts the rotating plate, and the rotating plate is stuck in the concave plate to limit the concave plate.

[0013] According to the above technical solution, a third spring is arranged between the trapezoidal plate and the L-shaped plate, and the trapezoidal plate is reset by the third spring; a fourth spring is arranged between the concave plate and the L-shaped plate, and the concave plate is reset by the fourth spring; a No. 1 torsion spring is arranged between the L-shaped plate and the rotating rod, and the rotating rod is reset by the No. 1 torsion spring; a fifth spring is arranged between the L-shaped plate and the limit plate, and the limit plate is reset by the fifth spring.

[0014] A purification process of a cyclopentanone distillation purification device, comprising the following steps:

[0015] Step 1: heating the distillation flask by a heating device, and heating the mixture in the distillation flask to the boiling point of cyclopentanone;

[0016] Step 2: vaporize it into steam, and the steam enters the serpentine condenser through the diverter pipe, and is cooled into liquid in the serpentine condenser to obtain the cyclopentanone after distillation and purification;

[0017] Step 3: The air pressure rod moves downward to squeeze the air inside the hollow tube and slowly discharge it through the air outlet. The slow discharge of air causes the driving device to slowly descend, preventing the driving device from descending too quickly, causing the distillation flask to splash out the liquid inside the heating device.

[0018] Step 4: The hydraulic rod moves upward to drive the protective cover to move upward. The protective cover protects the distillation flask to prevent the user from touching the distillation flask with his hands during the heating process, which may cause injury to the user.

[0019] The present invention provides a cyclopentanone distillation processing and purification equipment and process thereof. It has the following beneficial effects:

[0020] (1) The invention heats the mixture in the distillation flask to the boiling point of cyclopentanone, causing it to vaporize into steam. The steam enters the serpentine condenser through the bypass pipe and is cooled into liquid in the serpentine condenser to obtain cyclopentanone after distillation and purification. The driving device slowly descends when the air is slowly discharged to prevent the driving device from descending too quickly, causing the distillation flask to splash the liquid inside the heating device and affect the purification environment. The distillation flask is protected by a protective cover to prevent the user from picking up the distillation flask with his hands during the heating process, which may cause injury to the user.

[0021] (2) The invention manually pushes the distillation flask to move in the direction of the clamp ring. The distillation flask contacts the clamp ring when it moves in the direction of the clamp ring. The elastic force of the No. 1 spring drives the clamp ring to reset and limit the distillation flask to prevent it from moving and affecting the purification of cyclopentanone. The anti-skid plate contacts the distillation flask to prevent the clamp ring from directly contacting the distillation flask and causing wear on the surface of the distillation flask. At the same time, the anti-skid plate can prevent the distillation flask from rotating during the heating process. The rotation may cause the diverter tube to separate from the serpentine condenser tube, affecting the overall purification effect.

[0022] (3) In the present invention, when the pulley moves downward, it will contact the trapezoidal plate, and the trapezoidal plate will be stuck due to the limit of the concave plate. When the pulley contacts the inclined surface of the trapezoidal plate, the reverse force will cause the pulley to move in the direction close to the distillation flask. By moving the pulley in the direction of the distillation flask, the clamp ring is limited to prevent someone from manually opening the limit of the clamp ring during the distillation and purification process, thereby affecting the distillation and purification efficiency. At the same time, the limit of the concave plate can be quickly released by manually pushing the concave plate, which facilitates the replacement of the distillation flask and improves the overall work efficiency. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0023] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention;

[0024] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the overall cross-sectional structure of the present invention;

[0025] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the hydraulic cylinder and the connecting pipe of the present invention;

[0026] Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure of the hollow tube of the present invention;

[0027] Figure 5 It is a schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure of the clamp ring of the present invention;

[0028] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the triangular block and the elastic telescopic rod of the present invention;

[0029] Figure 7 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the limiting device of the present invention;

[0030] Figure 8 For the present invention Figure 7 A schematic diagram of the enlarged structure of part A.

[0031] In the figure: 1, distillation flask; 2, base; 3, slide rail; 4, drive device; 5, shunt pipe; 6, temperature detector; 7, serpentine condenser; 8, support plate; 9, support frame; 10, heating device; 11, hollow tube; 12, pneumatic rod; 13, L-shaped rod; 14, hydraulic cylinder; 15, connecting pipe; 16, hydraulic rod; 17, protective cover; 181, hollow seat; 182, sliding rod; 183, No. Spring; 184, slider; 185, clamp ring; 186, slide bar; 187, No. 2 spring; 188, arc plate; 189, sliding plate; 1810, triangular block; 1811, elastic telescopic rod; 1812, anti-skid plate; 191, fixed seat; 192, pulley; 193, L-shaped plate; 194, trapezoidal plate; 195, concave plate; 196, rotating rod; 197, rotating plate; 198, limit plate. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0032] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0033] See also Figure 1-Figure 4One embodiment of the present invention is: a processing and purification equipment for cyclopentanone distillation, comprising a distillation flask 1, and also comprising a protective device, wherein a base 2 is arranged at the bottom of the distillation flask 1, a slide rail 3 is fixedly installed on the top of the base 2, and a driving device 4 is slidably installed on the inner wall of the slide rail 3; wherein the protective device comprises a shunt pipe 5, a temperature detector 6, a serpentine condenser 7, a support plate 8, a support frame 9, a heating device 10, a hollow pipe 11, a pneumatic rod 12, an L-shaped rod 13, a hydraulic cylinder 14, a connecting pipe 15, a hydraulic rod 16 and a protective cover 17, wherein the driving device 4 is slowly lowered by slowly exhausting air, so as to prevent the driving device 4 from falling too fast, causing the distillation flask 1 to splash out the liquid inside the heating device 10, thereby affecting the purification environment, and the shunt pipe 5 is sleeved on the top of the distillation flask 1, the temperature detector 6 is sleeved on the top of the temperature detector 6, the serpentine condenser 7 is sleeved on the surface of the diverter 5, the support plate 8 is fixedly installed on the surface of the driving device 4, the heating device 10 is fixedly installed on the top of the base 2, the hollow tube 11 is fixedly installed on the top of the inner wall of the slide rail 3, the gas pressure rod 12 is slidably installed on the inner wall of the hollow tube 11, the L-shaped rod 13 is fixedly installed on the surface of the gas pressure rod 12, the connecting pipe 15 is fixedly installed inside the base 2, the hydraulic cylinder 14 is fixedly installed on the top of the connecting pipe 15, the hydraulic rod 16 is slidably installed on the top of the connecting pipe 15, and the protective cover 17 is fixedly installed on the top of the hydraulic rod 16 to prevent the user from taking the distillation flask 1 with his hands during the heating process, which may cause injury to the user;

[0034] The support frame 9 contacts the surface of the serpentine condenser tube 7 , the L-shaped rod 13 contacts the inner wall of the hydraulic cylinder 14 , and an air outlet is provided on the surface of the hollow tube 11 .

[0035] A purification process of a cyclopentanone distillation purification device, comprising the following steps:

[0036] Step 1: heating the distillation flask 1 by the heating device 10, and heating the mixture in the distillation flask 1 to the boiling point of cyclopentanone;

[0037] Step 2: vaporize it into steam, and the steam enters the serpentine condenser 7 through the diverter 5, and is cooled into liquid in the serpentine condenser 7 to obtain the cyclopentanone after distillation and purification;

[0038] Step 3: The air pressure rod 12 moves downward to squeeze the air inside the hollow tube 11 and slowly discharge it through the air outlet. The driving device 4 is slowly lowered by the slow discharge of air to prevent the driving device 4 from descending too fast, causing the distillation flask 1 to splash the liquid inside the heating device 10;

[0039] Step 4: The hydraulic rod 16 moves upward to drive the protective cover 17 to move upward. The protective cover 17 protects the distillation flask 1 to prevent the user from touching the distillation flask 1 with his hands during the heating process, which may cause injury to the user.

[0040] When the present embodiment is working, the distillation flask 1 is heated by the heating device 10. By heating, the mixture in the distillation flask 1 is heated to the boiling point of cyclopentanone, so that it is vaporized into steam. The steam enters the serpentine condenser 7 through the diverter 5, and is cooled into liquid in the serpentine condenser 7 to obtain the cyclopentanone after distillation and purification. At the same time, when the driving device 4 drives the distillation flask 1 to move downward, it drives the gas pressure rod 12 to move downward. The downward movement of the gas pressure rod 12 squeezes the air inside the hollow tube 11 and discharges it slowly through the air outlet. When the air is slowly discharged, the driving device 4 slowly descends to prevent the driving device 4 from descending. If the speed is too fast, the distillation flask 1 will splash the liquid inside the heating device 10, affecting the purification environment. At the same time, a slow descent can improve the protection of the equipment. At the same time, when the pneumatic rod 12 moves downward, it will drive the L-shaped rod 13 to move downward. The downward movement of the L-shaped rod 13 will pressurize the liquid inside the hydraulic cylinder 14 and enter the connecting pipe 15. When the liquid enters the connecting pipe 15, it will push the hydraulic rod 16 to move upward. The upward movement of the hydraulic rod 16 will drive the protective cover 17 to move upward. The distillation flask 1 is protected by the protective cover 17 to prevent the user from taking the distillation flask 1 with his hands during the heating process, which may cause injury to the user.

[0041] See also Figure 1-Figure 8 On the basis of the above embodiment, in another embodiment of the present invention, a clamping device for clamping the distillation flask 1 is provided on the driving device 4, and the clamping device includes a hollow seat 181, a sliding rod 182, a No. 1 spring 183, a slider 184 and a clamping ring 185. The hollow seat 181 is fixedly mounted on the surface of the driving device 4, the sliding rod 182 slides through the surface of the hollow seat 181, the No. 1 spring 183 is sleeved on the surface of the sliding rod 182, and the sliding rod 182 is reset by the No. 1 spring 183. The slider 184 is fixedly mounted on the surface of the sliding rod 182, and the clamping ring 185 is fixedly mounted on the surface of the slider 184 to prevent the distillation flask 1 from moving and affecting the purification of cyclopentanone.

[0042] A groove is provided on the surface of the clamp ring 185, and a slide bar 186 slides through the inner wall of the groove, and a No. 2 spring 187 is sleeved on the surface of the slide bar 186, which is driven to reset by the No. 2 spring 187. An arc plate 188 is fixedly installed on the top of the slide bar 186, and a sliding plate 189 is slidably installed on the inner wall of the groove. A triangular block 1810 is slidably installed on the inner wall of the groove, and an elastic telescopic rod 1811 is fixedly installed on the surface of the triangular block 1810. An anti-skid plate 1812 is fixedly installed on the free end of the elastic telescopic rod 1811 to prevent the clamp ring 185 from directly contacting the distillation flask 1 and causing wear on the surface of the distillation flask 1. At the same time, the anti-skid plate 1812 can prevent the distillation flask 1 from rotating during the heating process. The rotation may cause the diverter tube 5 to separate from the serpentine condenser tube 7, affecting the overall purification effect.

[0043] The distillation flask 1 is in contact with the surface of the arc plate 188, a first spring is arranged between the groove and the sliding plate 189, and the sliding plate 189 is reset by the first spring, and a second spring is arranged between the groove and the triangular block 1810, and the triangular block 1810 is reset by the second spring.

[0044] A limiting device is provided on the clamping device, and the limiting device includes a fixed seat 191, a pulley 192, an L-shaped plate 193, a trapezoidal plate 194 and a concave plate 195. The fixed seat 191 is fixedly mounted on the end of the sliding rod 182 away from the hollow seat 181, the pulley 192 is rotatably mounted on the inner wall of the fixed seat 191, the L-shaped plate 193 is fixedly mounted on the surface of the slide rail 3, the trapezoidal plate 194 is slidably mounted on the surface of the L-shaped plate 193, and the concave plate 195 is slidably mounted on the top of the L-shaped plate 193 to prevent someone from manually opening the limit of the clamp ring 185 during the distillation and purification process, thereby affecting the distillation and purification efficiency.

[0045] A rotating rod 196 is rotatably installed on the top of the L-shaped plate 193, and a rotating plate 197 is fixedly installed on the surface of the rotating rod 196. A limiting plate 198 is slidably installed on the top of the L-shaped plate 193 to prevent the concave plate 195 from rebounding. The limiting contact of the clamp ring 185 can be quickly made, thereby increasing the speed of replacing the distillation flask 1.

[0046] A third spring is arranged between the trapezoidal plate 194 and the L-shaped plate 193, and the trapezoidal plate 194 is reset by the third spring. A fourth spring is arranged between the concave plate 195 and the L-shaped plate 193, and the concave plate 195 is reset by the fourth spring. A No. 1 torsion spring is arranged between the L-shaped plate 193 and the rotating rod 196, and the rotating rod 196 is reset by the No. 1 torsion spring. A fifth spring is arranged between the L-shaped plate 193 and the limit plate 198, and the limit plate 198 is reset by the fifth spring.

[0047] When the present embodiment is working, the distillation flask 1 is manually pushed to move in the direction of the clamp ring 185. The distillation flask 1 moves in the direction of the clamp ring 185 and contacts the clamp ring 185. The clamp ring 185 is squeezed by the distillation flask 1 to move in the direction away from the distillation flask 1. The movement of the clamp ring 185 in the direction away from the distillation flask 1 drives the slider 184 to move in the direction away from the distillation flask 1. The movement of the slider 184 in the direction away from the distillation flask 1 drives the sliding rod 182 to move in the direction away from the distillation flask 1. When the distillation flask 1 completely enters the inside of the clamp ring 185, the elastic force of the No. 1 spring 183 drives the clamp ring 185 to reset and limit the distillation flask 1, thereby preventing the distillation flask 1 from moving and affecting the purification of cyclopentanone. At the same time, when the distillation flask 1 is put down, the weight of the distillation flask 1 itself will squeeze the arc plate. 188 moves downward, and the downward movement of the arc plate 188 will push the sliding plate 189 to move downward. The downward movement of the sliding plate 189 will drive the triangular block 1810 to move towards the distillation flask 1. The movement of the triangular block 1810 towards the distillation flask 1 will drive the elastic telescopic rod 1811 to move towards the distillation flask 1. The movement of the elastic telescopic rod 1811 towards the distillation flask 1 will drive the anti-skid plate 1812 to move towards the distillation flask 1. The anti-skid plate 1812 contacts the distillation flask 1 to prevent the clamp ring 185 from directly contacting the distillation flask 1 and causing surface wear of the distillation flask 1. At the same time, the anti-skid plate 1812 can prevent the distillation flask 1 from rotating during the heating process. The rotation may cause the diverter tube 5 to separate from the serpentine condenser tube 7, affecting the overall purification effect.

[0048] When the sliding rod 182 moves away from the distillation flask 1, it will drive the fixed seat 191 to move away from the distillation flask 1. The fixed seat 191 moves away from the distillation flask 1, which will drive the pulley 192 to move away from the distillation flask 1. At the same time, when the driving device 4 drives the pulley 192 to descend, the pulley 192 moves downward and contacts the trapezoidal plate 194. The trapezoidal plate 194 is limited by the concave plate 195 and gets stuck. When the pulley 192 contacts the inclined surface of the trapezoidal plate 194, the reverse force will cause the pulley 192 to move towards the distillation flask 1. 2 moves toward the direction of the distillation flask 1 to limit the clamp ring 185, so as to prevent someone from manually opening the limit of the clamp ring 185 during the distillation and purification process, thereby affecting the distillation and purification efficiency. At the same time, when the distillation flask 1 needs to be taken out urgently, the concave plate 195 is manually pushed to move in the direction of the rotating rod 196. The concave plate 195 moves in the direction of the rotating rod 196 and contacts the rotating plate 197. The rotating plate 197 is stuck in the concave plate 195 to limit the concave plate 195, so as to prevent the concave plate 195 from rebounding. The limit of the clamp ring 185 can be quickly contacted, thereby increasing the speed of replacing the distillation flask 1.

[0049] Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and variations may be made to the embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the present invention, and that the scope of the present invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A cyclopentanone rectification and purification device, comprising a distillation flask (1), characterized in that: It also includes a protective device, wherein the bottom of the distillation flask (1) is provided with a base (2), the top of the base (2) is fixedly mounted with a slide rail (3), and the inner wall of the slide rail (3) is slidably mounted with a driving device (4); The protective device comprises a shunt pipe (5), a temperature detector (6), a serpentine condenser (7), a support plate (8), a support frame (9), a heating device (10), a hollow tube (11), a gas pressure rod (12), an L-shaped rod (13), a hydraulic cylinder (14), a connecting pipe (15), a hydraulic rod (16) and a protective cover (17); the shunt pipe (5) is sleeved on the top of the distillation flask (1); the temperature detector (6) is sleeved on the top of the shunt pipe (5); the serpentine condenser (7) is sleeved on the surface of the shunt pipe (5); and the support plate (8) is fixedly mounted on the driving device. (4) surface, the heating device (10) is fixedly mounted on the top of the base (2), the hollow tube (11) is fixedly mounted on the top of the inner wall of the slide rail (3), the pneumatic rod (12) is slidably mounted on the inner wall of the hollow tube (11), the L-shaped rod (13) is fixedly mounted on the surface of the pneumatic rod (12), the connecting pipe (15) is fixedly mounted inside the base (2), the hydraulic cylinder (14) is fixedly mounted on the top of the connecting pipe (15), the hydraulic rod (16) is slidably mounted on the top of the connecting pipe (15), and the protective cover (17) is fixedly mounted on the top of the hydraulic rod (16); Wherein, the driving device (4) is provided with a clamping device for clamping the distillation flask (1), and the clamping device is provided with a limiting device; The clamping device comprises a hollow seat (181), a sliding rod (182), a first spring (183), a slider (184) and a clamping ring (185); the hollow seat (181) is fixedly mounted on the surface of the driving device (4); the sliding rod (182) slides through the surface of the hollow seat (181); the first spring (183) is sleeved on the surface of the sliding rod (182); the slider (184) is fixedly mounted on the surface of the sliding rod (182); and the clamping ring (185) is fixedly mounted on the surface of the slider (184); The limiting device comprises a fixed seat (191), a pulley (192), an L-shaped plate (193), a trapezoidal plate (194) and a concave plate (195); the fixed seat (191) is fixedly mounted on an end of the sliding rod (182) away from the hollow seat (181); the pulley (192) is rotatably mounted on the inner wall of the fixed seat (191); the L-shaped plate (193) is fixedly mounted on the surface of the slide rail (3); the trapezoidal plate (194) is slidably mounted on the surface of the L-shaped plate (193); and the concave plate (195) is slidably mounted on the top of the L-shaped plate (193); The support frame (9) contacts the surface of the serpentine condenser tube (7), the L-shaped rod (13) contacts the inner wall of the hydraulic cylinder (14), and an air outlet hole is provided on the surface of the hollow tube (11).

2. A cyclopentanone distillation and purification equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that: A groove is provided on the surface of the clamp ring (185), a slide rod (186) is slidably penetrated through the inner wall of the groove, a No. 2 spring (187) is sleeved on the surface of the slide rod (186), an arc plate (188) is fixedly installed on the top of the slide rod (186), a sliding plate (189) is slidably installed on the inner wall of the groove, a triangular block (1810) is slidably installed on the inner wall of the groove, an elastic telescopic rod (1811) is fixedly installed on the surface of the triangular block (1810), and an anti-slip plate (1812) is fixedly installed on the free end of the elastic telescopic rod (1811).

3. A cyclopentanone rectification processing and purification equipment according to claim 2, characterized in that: The distillation flask (1) is in surface contact with the arc plate (188), a first spring is provided between the groove and the sliding plate (189), and a second spring is provided between the groove and the triangular block (1810).

4. A cyclopentanone rectification processing and purification equipment according to claim 3, characterized in that: A rotating rod (196) is rotatably mounted on the top of the L-shaped plate (193), a rotating plate (197) is fixedly mounted on the surface of the rotating rod (196), and a limiting plate (198) is slidably mounted on the top of the L-shaped plate (193).

5. A cyclopentanone rectification processing and purification equipment according to claim 4, characterized in that: A third spring is provided between the trapezoidal plate (194) and the L-shaped plate (193), a fourth spring is provided between the concave plate (195) and the L-shaped plate (193), a first torsion spring is provided between the L-shaped plate (193) and the rotating rod (196), and a fifth spring is provided between the L-shaped plate (193) and the limiting plate (198).

6. The purification process of the cyclopentanone rectification processing and purification equipment according to claim 5, comprising the following steps: Step 1: heating the distillation flask (1) by means of a heating device (10), and heating the mixture in the distillation flask (1) to the boiling point of cyclopentanone; Step 2: vaporize it into steam, and the steam enters the serpentine condenser (7) through the diverter pipe (5), and is cooled into liquid in the serpentine condenser (7), thereby obtaining cyclopentanone after distillation and purification; Step 3: The air pressure rod (12) moves downward to squeeze the air inside the hollow tube (11) and slowly discharge it through the air outlet. The driving device (4) is slowly lowered by the slow discharge of air, so as to prevent the driving device (4) from descending too quickly and causing the distillation flask (1) to splash out the liquid inside the heating device (10); Step 4: The hydraulic rod (16) moves upward, driving the protective cover (17) to move upward. The protective cover (17) protects the distillation flask (1) to prevent the user from touching the distillation flask (1) with his hands during the heating process, which may cause injury to the user.

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