An adjustable hierarchical biological treatment device and method for malodorous gases

Abstract

The present invention provides an adjustable hierarchical biological treatment device and method for malodorous gases, relating to the technical field of odor treatment, including: a box body; a first partition board and a second partition board, which can be detachably arranged in the box body and can divide the interior of the box body into a first chamber, a second chamber and a third chamber arranged in sequence, and the upper parts of the first chamber and the second chamber are communicated, and the lower parts of the second chamber and the third chamber are communicated; an intake pipe inserted at the bottom of the first chamber; a top outlet pipe and a bottom outlet pipe respectively inserted at the top and the bottom of the third chamber; a water spraying component and a medicine spraying component arranged at the tops of the first chamber, the second chamber and the third chamber; a drainage component arranged at the bottoms of the first chamber, the second chamber and the third chamber; a malodorous gas treatment fan connected to the top outlet pipe and the bottom outlet pipe; to solve the problems of low removal rate of VOCs substances and weak shock resistance ability in the process of malodorous gas treatment in the prior art.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the technical field of odor treatment, and more specifically, relates to an adjustable hierarchical biological treatment device and method for malodorous gases. Background Art

[0002] The biological purification technology of malodorous gases originated in the 1920s and has been widely studied and applied in the 21st century. Currently, the more influential purification theory in the world is the absorption-biofilm theory. According to this theory, pollutants in the waste gas contact with water and dissolve in water; the pollutants dissolved in the liquid film further enter the biofilm under the driving force of the concentration difference, and then are captured and adsorbed by the microorganisms therein; the microorganisms convert the pollutants into biomass, metabolic by-products, and other harmless substances (such as: CO2, H2O, N2, etc.); the reaction products such as CO2 and N2 desorb from the biofilm surface and back-diffuse into the gas phase, while other substances (S and SO4 2- etc.) are discharged with the nutrient solution or retained in the organisms.

[0003] In the application process, the biological purification technology of malodorous gases has the following problems:

[0004] (1) Microorganisms are mainly bacteria, and the purification efficiency depends on the water solubility of malodorous gases. The purification effect on insoluble or poorly water-soluble VOCs is poor.

[0005] (2) After a large number of microorganisms grow in the packing layer, there is a risk of bed blockage.

[0006] (3) The ability to cope with the shock load caused by changes in the composition and concentration of malodorous gases is weak, and the emission stability is not high.

[0007] (4) In the same reactor, the gas rising velocity and the effective residence time are determined by the gas flow rate and the reactor form, and cannot be changed.

[0008] (5) There is only one set of spray systems, and the emergency response ability is poor. Summary of the Invention

[0009] The purpose of the present invention is to provide an adjustable hierarchical biological treatment device and method for malodorous gases in view of the deficiencies existing in the prior art, and solve the problems of low removal rate of VOCs substances and weak shock load resistance in the process of treating malodorous gases in the prior art.

[0010] To achieve the above purpose, the present invention provides an adjustable hierarchical biological treatment device for malodorous gases, and the device includes:

[0011] A box body;

[0012] A first partition and a second partition, the first partition and the second partition can be detachably arranged in the box body. When the first partition and the second partition are in the box body, the interior of the box body is divided into a first chamber, a second chamber and a third chamber which are arranged in sequence. And the upper part of the first chamber communicates with the second chamber, and the lower part of the second chamber communicates with the third chamber. The first chamber, the second chamber and the third chamber can accommodate fillers.

[0013] An air inlet pipe, the air inlet pipe is inserted at the bottom of the first chamber.

[0014] A top air outlet pipe and a bottom air outlet pipe, the top air outlet pipe and the bottom air outlet pipe are respectively inserted at the top and the bottom of the third chamber.

[0015] A water spraying component and a medicine spraying component, the water spraying component and the medicine spraying component are arranged at the top of the first chamber, the second chamber and the third chamber.

[0016] A drainage component, the drainage component is arranged at the bottom of the first chamber, the second chamber and the third chamber.

[0017] A malodorous gas treatment fan, the malodorous gas treatment fan is connected with the top air outlet pipe and the bottom air outlet pipe.

[0018] Optionally, a filler inlet is arranged at the upper end of the first chamber, the second chamber and the third chamber, and a filler outlet is arranged at the lower end of the first chamber, the second chamber and the third chamber.

[0019] Optionally, the top air outlet pipe and the bottom air outlet pipe are respectively connected with the air suction end of the malodorous gas treatment fan through a first valve and a second valve, and an exhaust pipe is arranged at the air exhaust end of the malodorous gas treatment fan.

[0020] Optionally, a first medicine spraying component, a second medicine spraying component and a third medicine spraying component are respectively arranged at the upper inner part of the first chamber, the second chamber and the third chamber, and the first medicine spraying component, the second medicine spraying component and the third medicine spraying component can spray the same or different bacterial medicines.

[0021] Optionally, it further includes a bacterial medicine storage box, the bacterial medicine storage box is connected with a bacterial medicine delivery pump, the bacterial medicine storage box includes a first bacterial agent storage chamber, a second bacterial agent storage chamber and a nutrient salt liquid storage chamber, and the first bacterial agent storage chamber, the second bacterial agent storage chamber and the nutrient salt liquid storage chamber are respectively used for storing bacterial microbial agents, fungal microbial agents and nutrient liquid.

[0022] Optionally, a thermostat is provided inside the bacterial medicine storage box, and the thermostat is used to control the temperature of the first bacterial agent storage chamber, the second bacterial agent storage chamber, and the nutrient salt liquid storage chamber.

[0023] Optionally, it further includes a backwashing structure, and the backwashing structure includes:

[0024] A backwashing water replenishing port, which is arranged at the top of the box body;

[0025] A backwashing pipeline, which is arranged at the bottoms of the first chamber, the second chamber, and the third chamber, and a diffuser is arranged on the backwashing pipeline;

[0026] A backwashing fan, which is connected to the backwashing pipeline;

[0027] A backwashing drain port, which is arranged on the side wall of the box body and above the packing.

[0028] Optionally, the water spraying component is connected to the pipe network through a water delivery pipeline, and the water pressure of the pipe network is used to drive the water spraying component to spray water into the box body.

[0029] The present invention also provides an adjustable hierarchical biological treatment method for malodorous gases, which uses the above-mentioned adjustable hierarchical biological treatment device for malodorous gases. The method includes:

[0030] When the malodorous gas to be treated is a gas with a Henry's law constant Hc ≤ 0.01, remove the first partition and the second partition;

[0031] Input the malodorous gas to be treated into the box body through the air inlet pipe, and turn on the malodorous gas treatment fan;

[0032] Spray water through the water spraying component, spray bacterial microbial agents through the medicine spraying component, and drain water through the drainage component;

[0033] When the malodorous gas to be treated includes a gas with a Henry's law constant Hc ≤ 0.01 and a gas with a Henry's law constant 0.01 ≤ Hc ≤ 1, set the first partition and the second partition in the box body;

[0034] Input the malodorous gas to be treated into the box body through the air inlet pipe, and turn on the malodorous gas treatment fan;

[0035] Spray water through the water spraying component, spray bacterial microbial agents into the first chamber through the medicine spraying component, spray a mixed medicine of fungal microbial agents and nutrient salt liquid into the second chamber, and drain water through the drainage component;

[0036] When the malodorous gas to be treated is a gas with a Henry's law constant Hc ≥ 1, set the first partition in the box body and remove the second partition;

[0037] The malodorous gas to be treated is input into the box body through the air inlet pipe, and the malodorous gas treatment fan is turned on;

[0038] Water is sprayed through the water spraying component, and a bacterial microbial agent is sprayed into the first chamber through the medicine spraying component. A mixed medicine of a bacterial microbial agent, a fungal microbial agent, and a nutrient salt liquid is sprayed into the second chamber and the third chamber, and drainage is performed through the drainage component.

[0039] Optionally, it further includes:

[0040] When the pressure difference of the packing layer is greater than the set pressure difference, backwashing of the packing is performed.

[0041] The present invention provides a malodorous gas adjustable hierarchical biological treatment device and method, and its beneficial effects are as follows: The malodorous gas adjustable hierarchical biological treatment device has a box body, with the interior of the box body as the treatment space. A detachable first partition and a second partition are arranged inside the box body. The first partition and the second partition can divide the inside of the box body into a first chamber, a second chamber, and a third chamber. Such a division of the treatment space can facilitate the use of bacterial microbial agents and fungal microbial agents to treat different types of malodorous gases in different independent spaces. The bacterial microbial agent can be used to treat malodorous gases that are easily soluble in water in an independent space, and the fungal microbial agent can be used to treat malodorous gases that are not easily soluble in water in an independent space, improving the purification effect on VOCs. At the same time, the setting of the first partition and the second partition enables different types of malodorous gases to be removed in different regions, improving the impact load capacity and having high emission stability.

[0042] Other features and advantages of the present invention will be described in detail in the following specific implementation section. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0043] By describing the exemplary embodiments of the present invention in more detail in conjunction with the drawings, the above and other objects, features, and advantages of the present invention will become more obvious. Among them, in the exemplary embodiments of the present invention, the same reference numerals generally represent the same components.

[0044] Figure 1 Shows a front view structural schematic diagram of a malodorous gas adjustable hierarchical biological treatment device according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0045] Figure 2 Shows a top view structural schematic diagram of a malodorous gas adjustable hierarchical biological treatment device according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0046] Figure 3 Shows an internal structural schematic diagram of a bacterial medicine storage box of a malodorous gas adjustable hierarchical biological treatment device according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0047] Figure 4 The flowchart of an adjustable hierarchical biological treatment method for malodorous gases according to an embodiment of the present invention is shown.

[0048] Explanation of reference numerals:

[0049] 1. Box body; 2. First partition board; 3. Second partition board; 4. Air inlet; 5. Upper layer gas outlet; 6. Lower layer gas outlet; 7. Water spray nozzle; 8. Bacteria medicine spray nozzle; 9. Filler inlet; 10. Detection port; 11. Bacteria medicine storage box; 12. Bacteria medicine dosing control valve; 13. Pipe network water dosing control valve; 14. Backwashing fan; 15. Malodorous gas treatment fan; 16. Filler outlet; 17. Drainage port with valve; 18. Air valve; 19. Filler; 20. Drainage slope; 21. Diffuser; 22. Heater; 23. Stirrer; 24. Bacteria medicine delivery pump; 25. Auxiliary heat tracer; 26. Controller; 27. Backwashing water replenishment port; 28. Backwashing drainage port. Detailed implementation manners

[0050] The preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described in more detail below. Although the preferred embodiments of the present invention are described below, it should be understood that the present invention can be implemented in various forms and should not be limited by the embodiments set forth herein. On the contrary, these embodiments are provided to make the present invention more thorough and complete, and to fully convey the scope of the present invention to those skilled in the art.

[0051] As Figure 1 and Figure 2 shown, the present invention provides an adjustable hierarchical biological treatment device for malodorous gases, and the device includes:

[0052] Box body 1;

[0053] The first partition board 2 and the second partition board 3, the first partition board 2 and the second partition board 3 can be detachably arranged in the box body 1. When the first partition board 2 and the second partition board 3 are in the box body 1, the inner part of the box body 1 is divided into a first chamber, a second chamber and a third chamber arranged in sequence, and the upper part of the first chamber communicates with the upper part of the second chamber, the lower part of the second chamber communicates with the lower part of the third chamber, and the first chamber, the second chamber and the third chamber can accommodate the filler 19;

[0054] An air inlet pipe, the air inlet pipe is inserted at the bottom of the first chamber;

[0055] A top air outlet pipe and a bottom air outlet pipe, the top air outlet pipe and the bottom air outlet pipe are respectively inserted at the top and the bottom of the third chamber;

[0056] A water spraying component and a medicine spraying component, the water spraying component and the medicine spraying component are arranged at the top of the first chamber, the second chamber and the third chamber;

[0057] A drainage component, which is arranged at the bottom of the first chamber, the second chamber and the third chamber;

[0058] An odor gas treatment fan 15, which is connected to the top outlet pipe and the bottom outlet pipe.

[0059] Specifically, to solve the problems of low removal rate of VOCs substances and weak shock load resistance ability in the prior art during the treatment of odor gas; the adjustable hierarchical biological treatment device for odor gas provided by the present invention has a box body 1, with the inside of the box body 1 as the treatment space. A detachable first partition 2 and a second partition 3 are arranged in the box body 1. The first partition 2 and the second partition 3 can divide the inside of the box body 1 into a first chamber, a second chamber and a third chamber. Such a division of the treatment space can facilitate the use of bacterial microbial agents and fungal microbial agents to treat different types of odor gas in different independent spaces respectively. The bacterial microbial agent can be used to treat the odor gas that is easily soluble in water in an independent space, and the fungal microbial agent can be used to treat the odor gas that is not easily soluble in water in an independent space, improving the purification effect on VOCs. At the same time, the setting of the first partition 2 and the second partition 3 enables different types of odor gas to be removed in different regions, improving the shock load resistance ability and having high emission stability.

[0060] Furthermore, when the adjustable hierarchical biological treatment device for odor gas is in use, the odor gas to be treated can be input into the bottom of the first chamber in the box body 1 through the inlet pipe. The inlet pipe is inserted into the first chamber, and an air inlet 4 is formed at the top of the box body 1. Packing 19 is arranged in the first chamber, the second chamber and the third chamber; the gas enters the bottom of the box body 1 and then flows upward, passes through the packing 19, and can be discharged through the top outlet pipe and the bottom outlet pipe. The odor gas treatment fan 15 discharges the gas in the box body 1. The top outlet pipe is shorter than the bottom outlet pipe. The top inlet pipe and the bottom inlet pipe are both inserted into the third chamber, and an upper layer gas outlet 5 and a lower layer gas outlet 6 are formed at the top of the box body 1; at the same time, the water spraying component and the medicine spraying component can spray water and bacterial medicine into the first chamber, the second chamber and the third chamber. The water spraying component and the medicine spraying component are both arranged in each chamber. The medicine spraying component spraying bacterial medicine can spray the microbial agent into the packing 19 to treat the odor gas, and the water spraying component spraying water can wash the packing 19 to carry out the microbial metabolites out. The leaching liquid can be discharged from the box body 1 through the drainage component.

[0061] In this embodiment, the water spraying component is a water spraying nozzle 7, and the medicine spraying component is a bacterial medicine spraying nozzle 8. The water spraying component is connected to the water spraying pipeline, and the medicine spraying component is connected to the medicine spraying pipeline. A bacterial medicine dosing control valve 12 and a network water dosing control valve 13 are respectively arranged on the medicine spraying pipeline and the water spraying pipeline.

[0062] In this embodiment, the drainage component includes a drain port 17 with a valve, which is connected to the first chamber, the second chamber, and the third chamber. A drain slope 20 is provided at the bottom of the box body 1, which is beneficial to the drainage efficiency and complete drainage of the liquid.

[0063] In this embodiment, a first long opening and a second long opening are provided at the top of the box body 1. The first long opening and the second long opening are respectively used for accommodating the first partition 2 and the second partition 3 to enter and exit. A first communication port is provided at the upper part of the first partition 2, and a second communication port is provided at the lower part of the second partition 3. Two pairs of mounting plates are provided on the inner wall of the box body 1, which are matched with the first partition 2 and the second partition 3. The first partition 2 and the second partition 3 can respectively be inserted between a pair of mounting plates. A first cover plate and a second cover plate are respectively provided on the first long opening and the second long opening.

[0064] Optionally, a packing 19 inlet 9 is provided at the upper ends of the first chamber, the second chamber, and the third chamber, and a packing 19 outlet 16 is provided at the lower ends of the first chamber, the second chamber, and the third chamber.

[0065] Specifically, the packing 19 is respectively added into the first chamber, the second chamber, and the third chamber through the packing 19 inlet 9 at the upper ends of the first chamber, the second chamber, and the third chamber, and can be taken out through the packing 19 outlet 16 on the side walls at the lower ends of the first chamber, the second chamber, and the third chamber, which is convenient for replacement.

[0066] Optionally, the top air outlet pipe and the bottom air outlet pipe are respectively connected to the suction end of the odor gas treatment fan 15 through a first valve and a second valve. An exhaust pipe is provided at the exhaust end of the odor gas treatment fan 15.

[0067] Specifically, both the first valve and the second valve are air valves 18, and the mode switching between the upper layer air outlet and the lower layer air outlet can be realized by controlling the first valve and the second valve.

[0068] In this embodiment, the odor gas treatment fan 15 is equipped with a frequency converter, and an exhaust pipe is provided at its exhaust end, and the exhaust pipe is vertically arranged.

[0069] Optionally, a first spraying component, a second spraying component, and a third spraying component are respectively provided at the upper inner parts of the first chamber, the second chamber, and the third chamber. The first spraying component, the second spraying component, and the third spraying component can spray the same or different fungicides.

[0070] Specifically, independent first spraying component, second spraying component, and third spraying component are respectively provided in the first chamber, the second chamber, and the third chamber, which is convenient for spraying different types of fungicides into the first chamber, the second chamber, and the third chamber to perform respective independent treatment processes in the first chamber, the second chamber, and the third chamber.

[0071] Optionally, it further includes a bacterial medicine storage box 11. The bacterial medicine storage box 11 is connected with a bacterial medicine delivery pump 24. The bacterial medicine storage box 11 includes a first bacterial agent storage chamber, a second bacterial agent storage chamber and a nutrient salt liquid storage chamber. The first bacterial agent storage chamber, the second bacterial agent storage chamber and the nutrient salt liquid storage chamber are respectively used for storing bacterial microbial agents, fungal microbial agents and nutrient solution liquids.

[0072] Specifically, the bacterial medicine storage box 11 is a dual-purpose box for bacterial agent cultivation and nutrient salt medicine storage. It can store bacterial microbial agents and fungal microbial agents respectively through the first bacterial agent storage chamber and the second bacterial agent storage chamber, and can also store nutrient solution liquids through the nutrient salt liquid storage chamber. Through the bacterial medicine delivery pump 24, the bacterial microbial agents, fungal microbial agents and nutrient solution liquids can be selectively delivered to the spraying component for spraying into the box body 1. Specifically, the delivery selection structure can be three delivery pipes, which are respectively inserted into the first bacterial agent storage chamber, the second bacterial agent storage chamber and the nutrient salt liquid storage chamber, and a valve is arranged on each delivery pipe.

[0073] Optionally, a temperature controller is arranged in the bacterial medicine storage box 11, and the temperature controller is used for controlling the temperature of the first bacterial agent storage chamber, the second bacterial agent storage chamber and the nutrient salt liquid storage chamber.

[0074] Specifically, the temperature controller can be used to control the temperature of the first bacterial agent storage chamber, the second bacterial agent storage chamber and the nutrient salt liquid storage chamber. The temperature controller can include a heater 22, which heats the bacterial microbial agents, fungal microbial agents and nutrient solution liquids in cold weather to ensure the normal progress of the treatment process.

[0075] In this embodiment, as Figure 4 shown, a heater 22 is arranged at the bottom inside the bacterial medicine storage box 11, and an auxiliary heat tracing heater 25 is arranged at the position of the inner side wall of the bacterial medicine storage box 11. The auxiliary heat tracing heater 25 can adopt self-heating materials, electric heating rods, steam or hot water heaters 22, etc. A stirrer 23 is also arranged inside the bacterial medicine storage box 11, and the stirrer 23 is used for stirring the bacterial microbial agents, fungal microbial agents and nutrient solution liquids.

[0076] Optionally, it further includes a backwashing structure, and the backwashing structure includes:

[0077] A backwashing water replenishing port 27, and the backwashing water replenishing port 27 is arranged at the top of the box body 1;

[0078] A backwashing pipeline, and the backwashing pipeline is arranged at the bottom of the first chamber, the second chamber and the third chamber, and a diffuser 21 is arranged on the backwashing pipeline;

[0079] A backwashing fan 14, and the backwashing fan 14 is connected with the backwashing pipeline;

[0080] The backwash drain port 28 is provided on the side wall of the box body 1 and is above the packing 19.

[0081] Specifically, during the backwashing process, the backwash water enters the box body 1 through the backwash makeup water port 27 until the backwash water level submerges the packing 19 and reaches a set height above the packing 19. Then, the backwash fan 14 is started. The backwash fan 14 sends air into the backwash pipeline, and the air flow is distributed and conveyed to the bottoms of the first chamber, the second chamber, and the third chamber through the diffuser 21, flushing the packing 19 from bottom to top. After that, the backwash fan 14 is turned off, the backwash drain port 28 is opened to discharge the upper-layer sewage. After the upper-layer sewage is completely discharged, the drainage component at the lower part of the box body 1 is opened, and the remaining sewage is discharged through the drainage component. The setting of the backwash structure can flush the packing 19 when the packing 19 becomes caked or blocked, and incorporate the regular backwashing of the packing 19 into this adjustable hierarchical biological treatment device for malodorous gases, solving the problems of caking and blockage of the packing 19.

[0082] In this embodiment, the backwash makeup water port 27 is provided at the top of the first chamber, and the backwash drain port 28 is provided at the tops of the first chamber, the second chamber, and the third chamber.

[0083] In this embodiment, a plurality of detection ports 10 are respectively provided on the side walls of the first chamber, the second chamber, and the third chamber from bottom to top. A part of the detection ports 10 are used to install differential pressure sensors. Through the differential pressure sensors, the differential pressure of the packing 19 layer can be detected, so as to facilitate the judgment of the blockage condition of the packing 19. When the differential pressure of the packing 19 layer is greater than the set differential pressure, the packing 19 is backwashed. Another part of the detection ports 10 are used to obtain gas, liquid, and packing 19 samples corresponding to different positions of the packing 19, which are used for auxiliary operation management.

[0084] In this embodiment, the set differential pressure is 600 Pa / m.

[0085] In this embodiment, a controller 26 is further included. The controller 26 is used to control the overall operation of this adjustable hierarchical biological treatment device for malodorous gases, such as receiving the detection results of the differential pressure sensors and controlling the operation of the backwash structure.

[0086] Optionally, the water spraying component is connected to the pipe network through a water delivery pipeline, and the water pressure of the pipe network is used to drive the water spraying component to spray water into the box body 1.

[0087] Specifically, the water spraying component is connected to the pipe network through a water delivery pipeline, and the pressure of the pipe network itself is used to drive the water spraying component to spray water, achieving an energy-saving effect and making use of the pipe network water.

[0088] Such as Figure 4As shown in the figure, the present invention also provides an adjustable hierarchical biological treatment method for malodorous gases. Using the above-mentioned adjustable hierarchical biological treatment device for malodorous gases, this method includes:

[0089] When the malodorous gas to be treated is a gas with Henry's coefficient Hc ≤ 0.01, remove the first partition 2 and the second partition 3;

[0090] Input the malodorous gas to be treated into the box body 1 through the air inlet pipe, and turn on the malodorous gas treatment fan 15;

[0091] Spray water through the water spraying component, spray bacterial microbial agents through the medicine spraying component, and drain water through the drainage component;

[0092] When the malodorous gas to be treated includes a gas with Henry's coefficient Hc ≤ 0.01 and a gas with Henry's coefficient 0.01 ≤ Hc ≤ 1, set the first partition 2 and the second partition 3 in the box body 1;

[0093] Input the malodorous gas to be treated into the box body 1 through the air inlet pipe, and turn on the malodorous gas treatment fan 15;

[0094] Spray water through the water spraying component, spray bacterial microbial agents into the first chamber through the medicine spraying component, spray a mixed medicine of fungal microbial agents and nutrient salt liquid into the second chamber, and drain water through the drainage component;

[0095] When the malodorous gas to be treated is a gas with Henry's coefficient Hc ≥ 1, set the first partition 2 in the box body 1 and remove the second partition 3;

[0096] Input the malodorous gas to be treated into the box body 1 through the air inlet pipe, and turn on the malodorous gas treatment fan 15;

[0097] Spray water through the water spraying component, spray bacterial microbial agents into the first chamber through the medicine spraying component, spray a mixed medicine of bacterial microbial agents, fungal microbial agents and nutrient salt liquid into the second chamber and the third chamber, and drain water through the drainage component.

[0098] Specifically, this adjustable hierarchical biological treatment method for malodorous gases is based on the above-mentioned adjustable hierarchical biological treatment device for malodorous gases. Due to the setting of the first partition 2 and the second partition 3 in the box body 1, this adjustable hierarchical biological treatment device for malodorous gases can achieve different treatment modes through the disassembly and assembly of the first partition 2 and the second partition 3, including: a mixed treatment mode and a hierarchical treatment mode.

[0099] In the mixed treatment mode, the components of the malodorous gas are gases that are easily soluble in water. Typical substances include ammonia, amines, and hydrogen sulfide. That is, when the malodorous gas to be treated is a gas with a Henry's law constant Hc ≤ 0.01, the mixed treatment mode is adopted. Remove the first partition 2 and the second partition 3, close the air valve 18 corresponding to the lower gas outlet 6, and turn on the malodorous gas treatment fan. The malodorous gas to be treated enters the bottom of the first chamber of the box body 1 through the air inlet 4. The malodorous gas passes through the packing 19 from bottom to top, and the purified gas enters the malodorous gas treatment fan through the upper gas outlet 55 and can be discharged through the exhaust stack. During the purification process of the malodorous gas, open all the bactericide dosing control valves 12, and evenly spray the bactericide onto the surface of the packing 19 through the bactericide nozzles 8. The bactericide comes from the bactericide storage tank 11, and the stirrer 23 operates continuously during dosing. The bactericide is mainly activated sludge and is a bacterium-based microbial bactericide. At the same time, open the pipeline water dosing control valve 13 and the water spray nozzle 7 to continuously or intermittently wash the packing 19 to carry out the microbial metabolites out of the system. The washing liquid enters the drainage pipe through the drain port 17 with a valve and then is discharged. The effective residence time of the box body 1 should be more than 15 seconds, and the gas rising flow rate should be 180 - 360 m / h.

[0100] In the hierarchical treatment mode, when the components of the malodorous gas to be treated are complex, it has both gases that are easily soluble in water, typical substances being ammonia, amines, and hydrogen sulfide, and gases that are not easily soluble in water, typical substances being VOCs.

[0101] When the VOCs components are alcohols, esters, and ketones with relatively low hydrophobicity, that is, when the treated VOCs malodorous gas includes gases with Henry's law constant Hc ≤ 0.01 and gases with Henry's law constant 0.01 ≤ Hc ≤ 1, a hierarchical treatment mode is adopted; install the first partition 2 and the second partition 3, close the air valve 18 corresponding to the lower-layer gas outlet 6, and turn on the malodorous gas treatment fan; the treated malodorous gas passes through the packing 19 from bottom to top in the first chamber of the box body 1, passes through the packing 19 from top to bottom in the second chamber, and passes through the packing 19 from bottom to top in the third chamber. The purified gas enters the malodorous gas treatment fan from the upper-layer gas outlet 55 and can be discharged through the exhaust stack; the first chamber is mainly responsible for removing substances that are easily soluble in water (typical substances are ammonia, amines, and hydrogen sulfide), the second chamber is mainly responsible for removing VOCs (typical substances: alcohols, esters, ketones), the third chamber may not be filled with the packing 19 and is only used for ventilation, or it can be filled with activated carbon as the packing 19 to improve the operation stability; these three chambers form a three-stage treatment process, and the packing 19 can be flexibly selected and can be different for each stage; at the initial stage of startup and when needed during operation, open the bactericide dosing control valve 12 corresponding to each chamber, and evenly spray the bactericide from the bactericide storage tank 11 onto the surface of the packing 19 through their respective bactericide nozzles 8; in the first chamber, a bacterial microbial agent is added, represented by activated sludge, autotrophic thiobacilli, bacilli, and acinetobacter, with the solution pH = 2 - 3. In the second chamber, a fungal microbial agent is added, represented by aspergillus, penicillium, and trichoderma, with the solution pH = 6 - 8, and the nutrient salt liquid is mixed and added synchronously with the microbial agent. The stirrer 23 is always running during the addition; the effective residence time of the box body 1 should be more than 30 seconds, with the first stage and the second stage each accounting for 50%, and the gas rising flow rate should be 180 - 360 m / h.

[0102] When the VOCs components are aromatic, aromatic hydrocarbon, and alkane with relatively high hydrophobicity, that is, when the Henry coefficient Hc of the VOCs malodorous gas to be treated is ≥ 1, a hierarchical treatment mode is adopted; install the first partition 2, remove the second partition 3, close the air valve 18 corresponding to the upper gas outlet 55, and start the malodorous gas treatment fan; the malodorous gas to be treated passes through the packing 19 from bottom to top in the first chamber of the box body 1, passes through the packing 19 from top to bottom in the second and third chambers, and the purified gas enters the malodorous gas treatment fan from the lower gas outlet 6; the first chamber is mainly responsible for removing substances that are easily soluble in water (typical substances are ammonia, amine, and hydrogen sulfide), and the second and third chambers are mainly responsible for removing VOCs (typical substances: aromatic, aromatic hydrocarbon, alkane). These three chambers form a two-stage treatment process, and the packing 19 can be flexibly selected, and each stage can be different; at the initial stage of startup and when needed during operation, open the bactericide dosing control valve 12 corresponding to each reactor box body 1 of each stage, and evenly spray the bactericide from the bactericide storage tank 11 onto the surface of the packing 19 through the bactericide nozzle 8; the bacterial microbial bactericide added in the first stage is represented by autotrophic thiobacillus, bacillus, and acinetobacter, the solution pH = 2 - 3, the second stage adds a mixed microbial bactericide of bacteria and fungi, the bacteria are represented by activated sludge and neutrophilic bacteria, the solution pH = 6 - 8, the fungi are represented by aspergillus, penicillium, and trichoderma, the solution pH = 6 - 8, and the nutrient salt liquid is mixed and added synchronously with the bactericide. The stirrer 23 always runs during the dosing period; the effective residence time of the box body 1 should be more than 45 seconds, the first stage accounts for 1 / 3, the second stage accounts for 2 / 3, and the gas rising flow rate should be 180 - 360 m / h.

[0103] Optionally, it further includes:

[0104] When the pressure difference across the packing 19 layer is greater than the set pressure difference, backwash the packing 19.

[0105] Specifically, when the microorganisms in the packing 19 layer proliferate excessively, hindering gas circulation, start the backwashing; close the malodorous gas treatment fan, stop treating the malodorous gas, close the drain port 17 with a valve, the air valve 18, the network water dosing control valve 13 corresponding to the water spray nozzle 7, and the bactericide dosing control valve 12 corresponding to the bactericide nozzle 8, remove the first partition 2 and the second partition 3, and reseal the upper cover of the box body 1; open the network water dosing control valve 13 corresponding to the backwash water inlet 27, and inject water into the box body 1 until the liquid level submerges to a set height above the height of the packing 19; start the backwash fan 14, and the gas passes through the backwash gas pipeline and the diffuser 21 to wash the packing 19; close the backwash fan 14, open the backwash drain port 28 with a valve, and discharge the sewage of the upper mixed microorganisms; after draining the upper sewage, close the backwash drain port 28 with a valve, open the drain port 17 with a valve, and discharge the remaining sewage. After the backwashing is completed, the treatment mode for the malodorous gas can be restarted.

[0106] In this embodiment, a temperature control mode is further included, and the temperature control mode includes:

[0107] When the temperature of the malodorous gas to be treated is lower than the first set temperature for the first time, a set amount of bacteria agent is conveyed to the packing 19 through the bacteria agent delivery pump 24;

[0108] Stop spraying water and drain the water in the box body 1;

[0109] Start the temperature controller and spray the nutrient salt solution into the box body 1;

[0110] If the temperature of the packing 19 is still lower than the second set temperature after the temperature controller is started, start the auxiliary heater 25;

[0111] When the daily average temperature of the malodorous gas to be treated is higher than the first set temperature for a continuous week, turn off the temperature control mode.

[0112] Specifically, the malodorous gas is a mixture of malodorous substances and ambient air and is affected by the temperature of the ambient air. After winter, when the temperature of the malodorous gas is lower than 15°C for the first time, the control box controls the bacteria agent delivery pump 24 to convey an excessive batch of bacteria agent to the packing 19 to ensure the abundance of microorganisms on the packing 19; close the network water dosing control valve 13 leading to the water spray nozzle 7, drain the water stored inside the box body 1, and do not use the water spray nozzle 7 for spraying; start the temperature controller, cancel the spraying of the bacteria agent, and only spray the nutrient salt liquid as the spraying liquid; use the heated spraying liquid to warm the packing 19 and wash the microbial metabolites through the bacteria agent spray head 8; when the temperature is controlled, if the temperature of the packing 19 is still lower than 5°C, start the auxiliary heater 25; when the daily average temperature of the malodorous gas is higher than 15°C for a continuous week, turn off the temperature control mode.

[0113] The embodiments of the present invention have been described above. The above description is exemplary and not exhaustive, and is not limited to the disclosed embodiments. Many modifications and variations are obvious to those of ordinary skill in the art without departing from the scope and spirit of the described embodiments.

Claims

1. An adjustable hierarchical biological treatment method for malodorous gases, using an adjustable hierarchical biological treatment device for malodorous gases, characterized in that, The device includes: A box body; A first partition and a second partition, the first partition and the second partition can be detachably arranged in the box body. When the first partition and the second partition are in the box body, the interior of the box body is divided into a first chamber, a second chamber and a third chamber arranged in sequence. And the upper part of the first chamber communicates with the upper part of the second chamber, the lower part of the second chamber communicates with the lower part of the third chamber. The first chamber, the second chamber and the third chamber can accommodate fillers; An intake pipe, which is inserted at the bottom of the first chamber; A top outlet pipe and a bottom outlet pipe, the top outlet pipe and the bottom outlet pipe are respectively inserted at the top and bottom of the third chamber; A water spraying component and a medicine spraying component, the water spraying component and the medicine spraying component are arranged at the top of the first chamber, the second chamber and the third chamber; A drainage component, the drainage component is arranged at the bottom of the first chamber, the second chamber and the third chamber; A malodorous gas treatment fan, the malodorous gas treatment fan is connected with the top outlet pipe and the bottom outlet pipe; A bacteria medicine storage box, the bacteria medicine storage box is connected with a bacteria medicine delivery pump. The bacteria medicine storage box includes a first bacteria agent storage chamber, a second bacteria agent storage chamber and a nutrient salt liquid storage chamber. The first bacteria agent storage chamber, the second bacteria agent storage chamber and the nutrient salt liquid storage chamber are respectively used for storing bacterial microbial agents, fungal microbial agents and nutrient solution liquids; The method includes: When the malodorous gas to be treated is a gas with Henry's coefficient Hc≤0.01, remove the first partition and the second partition; Input the malodorous gas to be treated into the box body through the intake pipe, and turn on the malodorous gas treatment fan; Spray water through the water spraying component, spray bacterial microbial agents through the medicine spraying component, and drain water through the drainage component; When the malodorous gas to be treated includes a gas with Henry's coefficient Hc≤0.01 and a gas with Henry's coefficient 0.01≤Hc≤1, set the first partition and the second partition in the box body; Input the malodorous gas to be treated into the box body through the intake pipe, and turn on the malodorous gas treatment fan; Spray water through the water spraying component, spray bacterial microbial agents into the first chamber through the medicine spraying component, spray a mixed medicine of fungal microbial agents and nutrient salt liquid into the second chamber, and drain water through the drainage component; When the malodorous gas to be treated is a gas with Henry's coefficient Hc≥1, set the first partition in the box body and remove the second partition; Input the malodorous gas to be treated into the box body through the intake pipe, and turn on the malodorous gas treatment fan; Spray water through the water spraying component, spray bacterial microbial agents into the first chamber through the medicine spraying component, spray a mixed medicine of bacterial microbial agents, fungal microbial agents and nutrient salt liquid into the second chamber and the third chamber, and drain water through the drainage component.

2. The adjustable hierarchical biological treatment method for malodorous gas according to claim 1, characterized in that, The upper ends of the first chamber, the second chamber and the third chamber are provided with filler inlets, and the lower ends of the first chamber, the second chamber and the third chamber are provided with filler outlets.

3. The adjustable hierarchical biological treatment method for malodorous gases according to claim 1, wherein The top air outlet pipe and the bottom air outlet pipe are respectively connected to the suction end of the odor gas treatment fan through a first valve and a second valve, and an exhaust pipe is provided at the exhaust end of the odor gas treatment fan.

4. The adjustable hierarchical biological treatment method for malodorous gases according to claim 1, wherein At the upper ends inside the first chamber, the second chamber and the third chamber, a first spraying component, a second spraying component and a third spraying component are respectively provided, and the first spraying component, the second spraying component and the third spraying component can spray the same or different bacterial agents.

5. The adjustable hierarchical biological treatment method for malodorous gases according to claim 1, characterized in that, A temperature controller is arranged in the bacterial agent storage box, and the temperature controller is used to control the temperature of the first bacterial agent storage chamber, the second bacterial agent storage chamber and the nutrient salt liquid storage chamber.

6. The adjustable hierarchical biological treatment method for malodorous gases according to claim 1, characterized in that, It further includes an anti-flushing structure, and the anti-flushing structure includes: An anti-flushing water replenishing port, which is arranged at the top of the box body; An anti-flushing pipeline, which is arranged at the bottoms of the first chamber, the second chamber and the third chamber, and a diffuser is arranged on the anti-flushing pipeline; An anti-flushing fan, which is connected to the anti-flushing pipeline; An anti-flushing drain port, which is arranged on the side wall of the box body and above the packing.

7. The adjustable hierarchical biological treatment method for malodorous gases according to claim 1, wherein The water spraying component is connected to the pipe network through a water delivery pipeline, and the water pressure of the pipe network is used to drive the water spraying component to spray water into the box body.

8. The adjustable hierarchical biological treatment method for malodorous gases according to claim 1, characterized in that It further includes: When the pressure difference of the packing layer is greater than the set pressure difference, the packing is subjected to anti-flushing.

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