A device for precision sowing of ear rows for wheat breeding test

Abstract

The invention discloses a spike row precision seeding device suitable for wheat breeding test, which belongs to the technical field of seeding equipment and comprises a main frame, a plurality of seeding ports and a batching unit connected through a seed conveying pipe arranged on the main frame; the batching unit comprises a standby material layer and a material distribution layer arranged in sequence from top to bottom; a plurality of seed material bins are arranged in the standby material layer, and a first discharge port identical in number with the seeding ports is arranged on the bottom surface of each seed material bin; a second discharge port identical in number with the first discharge ports is arranged on the material distribution layer; a second driving assembly drives the relative rotation of the standby material layer and the material distribution layer to realize the coincidence of the first discharge ports and the second discharge ports. Under the action of the second driving assembly, the relative position rotation and reset of the standby material layer and the material distribution layer can be controlled, and the batch falling of seeds can be completed; according to the repeated operation of the device according to the requirements of wheat plot test seeding, the orderly arrangement and continuous seeding operation of multiple portions of wheat spike row seeds can be realized at one time, and the seeding quality and efficiency of wheat plot test can be significantly improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of sowing equipment technology, specifically a precision sowing device suitable for wheat breeding experiments. Background Technology

[0002] Wheat breeding refers to the purposeful and planned process of improving wheat varieties by using gene recombination (through gene segregation, independent assortment, or linkage exchange to isolate desirable traits or combine various desirable traits) to obtain new varieties. The wheat breeding process includes steps such as parental selection, artificial pollination, offspring selection, experimental planting, comparative selection, stabilization, and promotion. Finally, when offspring with better agronomic traits are selected, breeders use repeated hybridization and selection methods to further stabilize these traits and promote the planting of these superior new wheat varieties, thereby increasing wheat yield and farmers' income.

[0003] Wheat breeding is a complex and demanding task, requiring numerous small-scale yield assessment trials each year. Because these trials involve a large number of samples and a small quantity of seeds, large-capacity seeders used in production cannot meet the sowing requirements for wheat breeding experiments. A single row of seeds from an ear of wheat is called an ear row, and it is primarily used for wheat breeding and purification / rejuvenation. For example, if an ear of wheat has more than thirty grains, sowing all of these grains in the same row will result in an ear row.

[0004] Traditional wheat breeding experiments, including row and plot sowing, typically employ manual sowing. While this method offers high precision, it is time-consuming, labor-intensive, and requires significant manpower. Existing wheat sowing equipment is relatively rudimentary and cannot meet the continuous operation requirements of sowing multiple seed samples sequentially in breeding experiments. Summary of the Invention

[0005] To address the problem that existing technologies and equipment cannot achieve orderly and continuous operation of multiple wheat seeds in a single ear row sowing process, this invention provides an ear row precision sowing device suitable for wheat breeding experiments.

[0006] This invention is achieved through the following technical solution:

[0007] A precision seeding device for wheat breeding experiments includes a main frame, on which multiple seeding ports and a feeding unit connected via a seed transfer pipe are provided;

[0008] The batching unit includes a material preparation layer and a material dispensing layer arranged sequentially from top to bottom;

[0009] Multiple seed bins are evenly distributed along the circumference of the preparation layer. Each seed bin is used to store seeds from the same ear of wheat. The bottom of each seed bin has a first feeding port, which is the same number as the sowing port.

[0010] The material distribution layer has a second discharge port with the same number as the first discharge port; a second driving component is provided between the material preparation layer and the material distribution layer, which can drive the material preparation layer and the material distribution layer to rotate relative to each other and realize that the first discharge port and the second discharge port coincide.

[0011] The seed hopper holds seeds from the same wheat ear. Under the action of the second drive component, the second drive component can control the rotation and reset of the relative positions of the preparation layer and the distribution layer. The relative rotation of the preparation layer and the distribution layer causes the first discharge port to coincide with the second discharge port, completing the seed drop. The relative positions of the preparation layer and the distribution layer are reset to prevent the seeds from falling further. The fallen seeds enter the sowing port through the seed transfer pipe to complete the sowing. Repeated operation can achieve orderly arrangement and continuous sowing of multiple wheat seeds.

[0012] A further improvement of the present invention includes a feeding layer fixedly mounted on the main frame below the aforementioned distributing layer. This feeding layer has a third feeding port adapted to the second feeding port, and the bottom of the third feeding port is connected to the seed transfer tube. The main frame also has a support column capable of rotating both the preparation layer and the distributing layer together, thereby switching between a state where the second and third feeding ports overlap and a staggered, blocked state. The support column drives the preparation layer and the distributing layer to rotate relative to the feeding layer, thus controlling the interval between reseeding.

[0013] A further improvement of the present invention is that the aforementioned support column rotates vertically on the main frame, and the support column is driven to rotate by a first drive assembly.

[0014] A further improvement of the present invention is that the seed hopper is provided with an arc-shaped seed partition, which divides the seed hopper into a seed channel, and the first discharge port is located at one end of the seed channel; the inner bottom surface of the seed channel has a downward sloping structure towards the first discharge port. The seed channel and its sloping bottom surface help the seeds to gather towards the first discharge port and avoid interruption during the seed's descent.

[0015] A further improvement of the present invention is that a reset component is provided between the material preparation layer and the material distribution layer. In the initial state, the first discharge port and the second discharge port are in a staggered and blocked state. The reset component assists the material preparation layer and the material distribution layer to quickly return to their initial positions, i.e., the staggered and blocked state of the first discharge port and the second discharge port.

[0016] A further improvement of the present invention is that the above-mentioned reset component is a tension spring connecting the material preparation layer and the material distribution layer.

[0017] A further improvement of the present invention is that the second drive assembly includes a second drive motor disposed on the outer wall of the material preparation layer, a second gear disk is provided on the output shaft of the second drive motor, and a second toothed strip is provided on the outer wall of the material distribution layer that can mesh with the second gear disk.

[0018] A further improvement of the present invention is that a sensor is provided on the aforementioned material distribution layer. The sensor is located in a groove on one side of the second feeding port to detect whether seeds are present in the second feeding port. The sensor is linked to a second drive motor. The sensor determines whether seeds are prepared in the second feeding port. If no seeds are present in the second feeding port, the overlap between the first and second feeding ports will be repeated.

[0019] A further improvement of the present invention is that multiple seeding ports are distributed on a horizontal straight line perpendicular to the direction of movement of the equipment.

[0020] As can be seen from the above technical solution, the beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: the seed hopper is used to place seeds from the same wheat ear; the second drive component can control the rotation and reset of the relative positions of the preparation layer and the distribution layer; the relative rotation of the preparation layer and the distribution layer causes the first discharge port and the second discharge port to coincide, completing the falling of the seeds; the relative positions of the preparation layer and the distribution layer are reset to prevent further falling of the seeds; the fallen seeds enter the sowing port through the seed transfer pipe to complete the sowing; by repeatedly operating the device according to the sowing requirements of wheat plot experiments, the orderly arrangement and continuous sowing of seeds from multiple wheat ear rows can be achieved at one time, which can significantly improve the sowing quality and efficiency of wheat plot experiments. Attached Figure Description

[0021] To more clearly illustrate the technical solution of the present invention, the accompanying drawings used in the description will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the accompanying drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0022] Figure 1 This is a first schematic diagram illustrating a specific embodiment of the present invention.

[0023] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the combination of the batching unit and the support column in a specific embodiment of the present invention.

[0024] Figure 3 This is an exploded view of the batching unit according to a specific embodiment of the present invention.

[0025] In the attached diagram: 1. Main frame; 11. Plowhead; 12. Traction component; 13. Sub-frame; 14. Support plate; 2. Seeding port; 21. Seed transfer pipe; 3. Support column; 4. Feeding unit; 41. Material preparation layer; 411. Seed hopper; 412. Seed partition; 413. First feeding port; 42. Material distribution layer; 421. Second feeding port; 422. Groove; 423. Sensor; 43. Feeding layer; 431. Third feeding port; 51. First drive motor; 52. First gear ring; 53. First gear disc; 6. Reset assembly; 71. Second drive motor; 72. Second gear disc; 73. Second toothed strip; 8. Covering plate; 9. Presser. Detailed Implementation

[0026] To make the objectives, features, and advantages of this invention more apparent and understandable, the technical solutions of this invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings of the specific embodiments. Obviously, the embodiments described below are only some embodiments of this invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of this patent, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of this patent.

[0027] Example:

[0028] like Figures 1-3 As shown, a precision seeding device suitable for wheat breeding experiments includes a main frame 1, on which a traction component 12 is provided for easy connection with traction machinery.

[0029] The main frame 1 is equipped with multiple sowing ports 2 and a feeding unit 4 connected via seed transfer pipes 21. The multiple sowing ports 2 are distributed in a horizontal straight line perpendicular to the direction of equipment movement. The main frame 1 is also equipped with plowshares 11 that correspond one-to-one with the sowing ports 2. The plowshares 11 are positioned in the forward direction of the sowing ports 2, which helps to prepare for sowing within the same sowing row. The feeding unit 4 is located near the middle of the main frame 1 to reduce the impact of different lengths of the transfer pipes 21 during sowing.

[0030] The feeding unit 4 includes a preparation layer 41 and a distribution layer 42 arranged sequentially from top to bottom. Multiple seed bins 411 are evenly distributed along the circumference within the preparation layer 41. Each seed bin 411 stores seeds from the same ear of wheat. The seed bins 411 have a fan-shaped structure and are evenly distributed within the preparation layer 41. Seeds from different ears of wheat are placed in batches into different seed bins 411. The bottom surface of each seed bin 411 has the same number of first discharge ports 413 as the sowing ports 2. Each seed bin 411 has an arc-shaped seed partition 412 that divides the seed bin 411 into seed channels. The first discharge ports 413 are located at one end of the seed channels. The inner bottom surface of the seed channels slopes downwards towards the first discharge port 413. The seed channels and their sloping bottom surface help the seeds gather towards the first discharge port 413, preventing interruptions in the seed descent process.

[0031] The material distribution layer 42 has the same number of second feeding ports 421 as the first feeding ports 413. A second driving assembly is provided between the material preparation layer 41 and the material distribution layer 42. The second driving assembly can drive the material preparation layer 41 and the material distribution layer 42 to rotate relative to each other and make the first feeding ports 413 and the second feeding ports 421 overlap. When the first feeding port 413 and the second feeding port 421 overlap, the seeds enter the material distribution layer 42 from the material preparation layer 41. The second driving assembly includes a second driving motor 71 disposed on the outer wall of the material preparation layer 41. A second gear disk 72 is disposed on the output shaft of the second driving motor 71. A second toothed strip 73 is disposed on the outer wall of the material distribution layer 42, which can mesh with the second gear disk 72. The second drive motor 71 drives the second gear disk 72 and the second toothed strip 73 to rotate in coordination, which helps to realize the relative rotation of the material preparation layer 41 and the material distribution layer 42, and provides the power conditions for the overlap of the first discharge port 413 and the second discharge port 421.

[0032] Multiple first discharge ports 413 within the same seed material bin 411 form a group; the number of second discharge ports 421 on the distribution layer 42 is the same as the number of first discharge ports 413 on the preparation layer 41, and after the preparation layer 41 and the distribution layer 42 rotate relative to each other, a complete correspondence between the first discharge ports 413 and the second discharge ports 421 can be formed.

[0033] A reset component 6 is also provided between the material preparation layer 41 and the material distribution layer 42. In its initial state, the first discharge port 413 and the second discharge port 421 are in a staggered, blocked state. The reset component 6 is a tension spring connecting the material preparation layer 41 and the material distribution layer 42. The reset component 6 assists the material preparation layer 41 and the material distribution layer 42 in quickly returning to their initial position, i.e., the staggered, blocked state of the first discharge port 413 and the second discharge port 421. This prevents the seeds in the material preparation layer 41 from continuously falling and becoming uncontrollable.

[0034] At least two second drive components and reset components 6 are provided, and the second drive components and reset components 6 are arranged in an interleaved manner. This helps to improve the rotation and reset effect between the material preparation layer 41 and the material distribution layer 42.

[0035] Below the material distribution layer 42, a material feeding layer 43 is fixedly installed on the main frame 1. The material feeding layer 43 is horizontally installed on the main frame 1 via a sub-frame 13, which has an overall frame structure. The material feeding layer 43 has only one set of third feeding ports 431 that can be adapted to the second feeding port 421. The frame-shaped sub-frame 13 helps to create clearance space for the third feeding ports 431. The bottom of the third feeding port 431 is connected to the seed transfer tube 21.

[0036] The main frame 1 is also equipped with a support column 3 that can drive the material preparation layer 41 and the material distribution layer 42 to rotate together, so as to switch between the overlapping state of the second discharge port 421 and the third discharge port 431 and the staggered blocking state. The support column 3 drives the material preparation layer 41 and the material distribution layer 42 to rotate relative to the discharge layer 43, so as to control the interval of re-seeding.

[0037] The support column 3 rotates vertically on the support plate 14 of the main frame 1, and its upper end is connected to the material distribution layer 42. The support column 3 is driven to rotate by a first drive assembly. The first drive assembly includes a first drive motor 51, a first gear ring 52, and a first gear disk 53. The first drive motor 51 is mounted on the support plate 14, the first gear disk 53 is coaxially mounted on the output shaft of the first drive motor 51, and the first gear ring 52 is mounted on the support column 3. Under the action of the first drive motor 51, the rotation of the support column 3 is driven by the cooperation of the first gear disk 53 and the first gear ring 52.

[0038] A sensor 423 is provided on one side of the second discharge port 421. The sensor 423 is located in a groove 422 on one side of the second discharge port 421 to detect whether there are seeds in the second discharge port 421. The sensor 423 is linked to the second drive motor 71 through a controller. The sensor 423 determines whether there are seeds in the second discharge port 421. If there are no seeds in the second discharge port 421, the overlap state of the first discharge port 413 and the second discharge port 421 will be repeated.

[0039] The first feeding port 413, the second feeding port 421, and the third feeding port 431 are all elliptical structures with a bulge in the middle and pointed ends, which helps to adapt to the shape of the wheat grains. Furthermore, the dimensions of the first feeding port 413 and the second feeding port 421 are slightly larger than the average size of the wheat seeds to ensure that only one seed passes through at a time, reducing errors. Before use, the seeds on the wheat ears are roughly screened to ensure that the seeds are approximately the same size.

[0040] In summary, the method of using this device is as follows: In the initial state, the upper and lower adjacent discharge ports do not overlap, that is, the first discharge port 413 and the second discharge port 421 are both blocked.

[0041] First, seeds from different ears of wheat are placed into different seed bins 411, ensuring that the number of seeds in each seed chute is approximately the same. The second drive motor 71 drives the preparation layer 41 to rotate counterclockwise along the second toothed strip 73. When the first discharge port 413 overlaps with the second discharge port 421, seeds enter the second discharge port 421. At this time, the sensor 423 detects the contents of the second discharge port 421. If seeds are missing, the above process is repeated until each second discharge port 421 contains one seed. The reset component 6 resets the relative positions of the preparation layer 41 and the distribution layer 42, preventing seeds from continuously falling.

[0042] The first drive component drives the support column 3 to rotate at a certain angle, so that the second discharge port 421 and the third discharge port 431 coincide and correspond, and the seeds enter the sowing port 2 through the seed transmission pipe 21.

[0043] After completing one seed sowing, the mobile host frame 1 moves forward by one row spacing and repeats the above process so that each row is sown with seeds from different ears of wheat.

[0044] To improve the growing environment after sowing, a soil covering plate 8 and a compactor 9 are connected to the main frame 1 to ensure soil moisture.

[0045] This invention discloses a precision seeding device suitable for wheat breeding experiments. The seed hopper 411 holds seeds from the same wheat ear. Under the action of a second drive component, the second drive component controls the rotation and reset of the relative positions of the preparation layer and the distribution layer. The relative rotation of the preparation and distribution layers causes the first and second feeding ports to overlap, completing the seed drop. The reset of the relative positions of the preparation and distribution layers prevents further seed drop. The dropped seeds enter the seeding port through a seed transfer tube to complete the sowing. By repeatedly operating the device according to the wheat plot experiment sowing requirements, multiple wheat ear rows can be arranged in an orderly manner and continuously sown at once. During the sowing process of wheat ears, if an observation path or isolation zone needs to be left according to experimental requirements, the sowing spacing can be changed by presetting the start-stop time interval between the first and second drive components, thus leaving an observation path or isolation zone while maintaining the device's forward speed. This facilitates later management and investigation of the wheat ears.

[0046] The various embodiments in this specification are described in a progressive manner. Each embodiment focuses on the differences from other embodiments. The same or similar parts between the various embodiments can be referred to each other.

[0047] The terms "upper," "lower," "outer," "inner," etc., used in the specification, claims, and accompanying drawings of this invention are used to distinguish relative positional relationships and are not necessarily qualitative. It should be understood that such data can be interchanged where appropriate so that embodiments of the invention described herein can be implemented in orders other than those illustrated or described herein. Furthermore, the terms "comprising" and "having," and any variations thereof, are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion.

[0048] The above description of the disclosed embodiments enables those skilled in the art to make or use the invention. Various modifications to these embodiments will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art, and the general principles defined herein may be implemented in other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of the invention. Therefore, the invention is not to be limited to the embodiments shown herein, but is to be accorded the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein.

Claims

1. A spike row precision sowing device for wheat breeding test, comprising a main frame (1), characterized in that, The main frame (1) is provided with a plurality of seeding ports (2) and a dosing unit (4) connected through a seed conveying pipe (21); the dosing unit (4) comprises a material preparation layer (41) and a material distribution layer (42) arranged in sequence from top to bottom; a plurality of seed storage bins (411) are uniformly arranged in the circumferential direction in the material preparation layer (41), and a single seed storage bin (411) is used for storing seeds on the same ear; the bottom surface of the seed storage bin (411) is provided with a plurality of first discharge ports (413) which are the same in number as the seeding ports (2); the material distribution layer (42) is provided with a plurality of second discharge ports (421) which are the same in number as the first discharge ports (413); a second driving assembly is arranged between the material preparation layer (41) and the material distribution layer (42), and the second driving assembly can drive the material preparation layer (41) and the material distribution layer (42) to rotate relative to each other and realize the coincidence of the first discharge ports (413) and the second discharge ports (421). A discharge layer (43) is arranged below the material distribution layer (42) and is fixedly installed on the main frame (1), the discharge layer (43) is provided with a plurality of third discharge ports (431) which can be matched with the second discharge ports (421), and the bottom of the third discharge port (431) is communicated with the seed conveying pipe (21); the main frame (1) is further provided with a support column (3) which can drive the material preparation layer (41) and the material distribution layer (42) to rotate together, so as to realize the switching between the coincidence state and the staggered sealing state of the second discharge ports (421) and the third discharge ports (431). An arc-shaped seed partition plate (412) is arranged in the seed storage bin (411), the seed partition plate (412) divides a seed slide in the seed storage bin (411), and the first discharge port (413) is arranged at one end of the seed slide; the inner bottom surface of the seed slide is inclined to the side of the first discharge port (413).

2. The ear row precision seeder for wheat breeding test according to claim 1, characterized in that, The support column (3) is vertically rotated on the main frame (1), and the support column (3) is driven to rotate by a first driving assembly.

3. The ear row precision seeding device for wheat breeding test use according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that, A reset assembly (6) is further arranged between the material preparation layer (41) and the material distribution layer (42), and in the initial state, the first discharge ports (413) and the second discharge ports (421) are in the staggered sealing state.

4. The ear row precision seeding device for wheat breeding test according to claim 3, characterized in that, The reset assembly (6) is a tension spring connected with the material preparation layer (41) and the material distribution layer (42).

5. The ear row precision seeding device for wheat breeding test according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that, The second driving assembly comprises a second driving motor (71) arranged on the outer wall of the material preparation layer (41), a second gear disc (72) is arranged on the output shaft of the second driving motor (71), and a second toothed strip (73) which can be engaged with the second gear disc (72) is arranged on the outer wall of the material distribution layer (42).

6. The ear row precision seeding device for wheat breeding test according to claim 5, characterized in that, A sensor (423) is arranged on the material distribution layer (42) and arranged in a groove (422) on the side of the second discharge port (421) to detect whether there are seeds in the second discharge port (421); the sensor (423) is linked with the second driving motor (71).

7. The ear row precision seeding device for wheat breeding test according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that, The plurality of seeding ports (2) are distributed in a horizontal straight line perpendicular to the moving direction of the device.

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