A surface polishing device for fasteners used in electrical appliances

Abstract

The present invention belongs to the field of polishing technology, and in particular, is a surface polishing device for electrical fasteners. In view of the problem that the existing fastener surface polishing device adopts single-channel grinding, which reduces the polishing efficiency and requires manual turning, affecting the production rhythm, the following scheme is proposed, which includes a ceiling rail mechanism, a transmission mechanism, a polishing mechanism and a multi-station mechanism, and the ceiling rail mechanism and the transmission mechanism are respectively located above and below the polishing mechanism. The upper plate is driven by the ceiling rail line to pass through multiple sandpaper belts in sequence to polish the front side of the nut; the upper plate is lowered at the left station by the hoisting device, and after the upper plate and the lower plate are close, the cooperation of the round rod and the trapezoidal plate drives the multiple rough arc plates to move and separate from the inner wall of the nut, and the nut slides into the second hexagonal groove to realize the automatic turning over of the nut; the conveyor belt drives the lower plate to pass through multiple sandpaper belts in sequence to polish the reverse side of the nut to realize the automatic double-sided polishing function of the nut.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of polishing, and more particularly to a surface polishing device for fasteners used in electrical appliances. Background Art

[0002] There are various types of fasteners used in electrical appliances, which are mainly used to ensure the stability and safety of electrical components and equipment. The following are some common types of electrical fasteners: screws, nuts, bolts, clamps and fasteners, etc. Hexagonal nuts are the most common type of nuts, which are used with bolts for assembly and fixation of electrical appliances.

[0003] Nuts need to be double-sided polished in electrical applications. Double-sided polishing can significantly reduce the roughness of the nut surface, making the contact between the nut and electrical components (such as bolts, terminals, etc.) closer, thereby reducing contact resistance and improving current transmission efficiency; double-sided polishing can eliminate tiny bumps and depressions on the nut surface, thereby reducing the possibility of stress concentration and helping to prevent nut breakage or failure due to stress concentration.

[0004] The current polishing device generally requires manual assistance when grinding nuts, but this method has certain defects: first, the worker assembles multiple nuts on a tray and sends them into a plane polishing machine for single-sided polishing. The worker takes out the tray from the outlet of the plane polishing machine and fits it with another tray, flips the two trays to turn the nuts over, and then sends the turned nuts into the plane polishing machine for secondary polishing, which greatly reduces the polishing efficiency of the nuts; secondly, the turning of the nuts needs to be done manually, which affects the production rhythm. Therefore, we propose a surface polishing device for electrical fasteners to solve this problem. Summary of the invention

[0005] The purpose of the present invention is to solve the problems raised in the above background technology and to provide a surface polishing device for electrical appliance fasteners.

[0006] In order to achieve the above object, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions:

[0007] A surface polishing device for electrical fasteners, comprising a rail mechanism, a transmission mechanism, a polishing mechanism and a multi-station mechanism, wherein the rail mechanism and the transmission mechanism are respectively located above and below the polishing mechanism, and the polishing mechanism is used to polish nuts transported by the rail mechanism and the transmission mechanism;

[0008] The multi-station mechanism includes a round shell with notch one and notch two formed on the round shell. The transmission mechanism includes a frame with a conveyor belt arranged inside the frame. The left end of the conveyor belt is located below notch one and close to the bottom of the round shell. A roller line is arranged at notch two, and the right end outlet of the roller line is connected to the right end of the frame.

[0009] Preferably, the polishing mechanism comprises a frame, in which a plurality of horizontally arranged fixed plates are fixedly installed, two hydraulic cylinders are fixedly installed on the top of the fixed plates, and the same hollow tube is fixedly installed on the output ends of the two hydraulic cylinders on the same side, and roller supports 1 are fixedly installed on the front and rear sides of the top of the hollow tube, and the same sandpaper roller 1 is rotatably installed between the two roller supports 1 on the same side, and roller supports 2 are fixedly installed on the front and rear sides of the fixed plates, and the same sandpaper roller 2 is rotatably installed between the two roller supports 2 on the same side, and the same sandpaper belt is driven and installed on the sandpaper roller 1 and the sandpaper roller 2 on the same side, and a plurality of driving motors are arranged below the frame, and the driving motor drives the corresponding sandpaper roller 2 to rotate through the cooperation of a pulley and a driving belt.

[0010] Preferably, the ceiling rail mechanism includes a ceiling rail line, on which a plurality of sliders are slidably installed, a lifting device and an upper plate are arranged below the slider, the top of the lifting device is fixedly connected to the bottom of the slider, and four corners of the top of the upper plate are provided with lifting rings, and the lifting device lifts or lowers the upper plate by cooperation of the lifting hooks and lifting rings thereon, a plurality of limit sleeves are fixedly installed on the top of the upper plate, and a plurality of limit rods are fixedly installed on the bottom of the lifting device, and the limit rods are adapted to the limit sleeves.

[0011] Preferably, the bottom of the upper plate is provided with a plurality of hexagonal grooves for placing nuts, and a smooth curved plate is fixedly installed on the top inner wall of the hexagonal groove, and the smooth curved plate movably abuts against the inner hole of the nut, and a cavity is provided in the upper plate, and a square plate is horizontally slidably installed on the bottom inner wall of the cavity, and a plurality of limit springs are fixedly connected to the right side of the square plate, and the limit springs are fixedly connected to the inner wall of one side of the corresponding cavity, and two extension plates are fixedly installed on the left side of the square plate, and the left side of the extension plate passes through the cavity and is fixedly installed with a round rod, a circular hole is provided in the center of the top inner wall of the hexagonal groove, and a plurality of short plates are fixedly installed on the bottom of the square plate, and one side of the short plate passes through the corresponding circular holes and is fixedly installed with a rough curved plate, and the nut is movably clamped in the hexagonal groove, and the smooth curved plate and the rough curved plate both movably abut against the inner wall of the nut.

[0012] Preferably, the multi-station mechanism also includes a machine base and multiple lower plates, the round shell is fixedly installed on the top of the machine base, a servo motor is arranged in the machine base, a circular rudder is rotatably installed on the bottom inner wall of the round shell, the output shaft of the servo motor is fixedly connected to the bottom of the round rudder, four round handle plates are fixedly installed on the outer side of the round rudder, a hook plate is fixedly installed on the side of the lower plate close to the center of the round shell, the round handle plate is adapted to the hook plate, a plurality of hexagonal grooves 2 are opened on the top of the lower plate, the number of the hexagonal grooves 1 on the upper plate and the hexagonal grooves 2 on the lower plate are the same, and the sizes are the same.

[0013] Preferably, a U-shaped guide frame is fixedly installed on the left side of the top of the circular shell, and side panels are fixedly installed on the inner walls of the front and rear sides of the U-shaped guide frame. The rectangular hole formed by the U-shaped guide frame and the two side panels is adapted to the upper plate. The tops of the U-shaped guide frame and the two side panels are both inclined. Two trapezoidal plates are fixedly installed on the inner wall of the circular shell. The two trapezoidal plates are symmetrically arranged and located on the left side of the circular shell, and the trapezoidal plates cooperate with the round rod.

[0014] Preferably, an inner groove is provided on the inner wall of the hook plate, a support spring is fixedly installed on the inner wall of one side of the inner groove, a wedge plate is fixedly installed on one end of the support spring, a clamping groove is provided on the outer side of the round handle of the round handle plate, the wedge plate is adapted to the clamping groove, an external hole is provided at the bottom of the inner groove, a lever is fixedly installed on the bottom of the wedge plate, the lever passes through the corresponding external hole and extends to the outside of the hook plate, a Z-shaped plate is fixedly installed on the top of the round shell, the right side of the Z-shaped plate and the left inner wall of the notch 2 are located on the same plane, and the Z-shaped plate cooperates with the lever.

[0015] Preferably, an open cavity is provided at the bottom of the lower plate, and the bottom of the open cavity is open. The second hexagonal groove is connected to the open cavity, and a partition is horizontally slidably installed on the top inner wall of the open cavity. A plurality of return springs are fixedly installed on the side of the partition close to the center of the circular shell, and one end of the return spring is fixedly connected to the inner wall of one side of the open cavity. A round-headed push plate is fixedly installed on the side of the partition close to the annular edge of the circular shell, and the top of the partition is provided with circular holes with the same number as the second hexagonal groove on the lower plate, and the circular holes are located below the corresponding second hexagonal groove and are staggered with the second hexagonal groove, and an arc-surface raised plate is fixedly installed on the bottom inner wall of the circular shell, and the rear side of the arc-surface raised plate abuts against the annular edge of the circular shell, and the arc-surface raised plate cooperates with the round-headed push plate, and a discharge hole is provided on the bottom inner wall of the circular shell.

[0016] Preferably, a differential belt is provided in the frame, and L-shaped support plates are fixedly installed on both the front and rear sides of the top of the frame, and the same correcting plate is fixedly installed on one side of multiple L-shaped support plates located on the same side, and the two correcting plates are respectively aligned with the front and rear inner walls of the gap.

[0017] The beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0018] 1. The upper plate is driven by the overhead rail line to pass through multiple sandpaper belts in sequence to polish the front side of the nut; the upper plate is lowered at the left station by the lifting device. After the upper plate and the lower plate are close to each other, the cooperation of the round rod and the trapezoidal plate drives multiple rough arc plates to move and separate from the inner wall of the nut, and the nut slides into the second hexagonal groove to realize the automatic turning over function of the nut; the conveyor belt drives the lower plate to pass through multiple sandpaper belts in sequence to polish the reverse side of the nut to realize the automatic double-sided polishing function of the nut.

[0019] 2. In this solution, after the entire device enters a stable cycle, the polishing mechanism polishes the nuts on the upper and lower plates at the same time, changing the traditional single-channel grinding into a double-channel one. The grinding amount per unit time is increased, and the grinding efficiency is improved. In single-channel grinding, the pallet needs to pass through the sandpaper belt twice, which results in waiting time, while double-channel grinding reduces this waiting time, allowing the equipment to work continuously without idle time.

[0020] 3. In this scheme, the upper plate is lowered at the left workstation through the lifting device. After the upper plate and the lower plate are close to each other, the cooperation of the round rod and the trapezoidal plate drives multiple rough arc plates to move and separate from the inner wall of the nut. The nut slides into the second hexagonal groove, realizing the automatic turning function of the nut, eliminating the manual turning process and ensuring the production rhythm. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0021] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of a surface polishing device for electrical appliance fasteners proposed by the present invention from a first viewing angle;

[0022] Figure 2 A schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of a surface polishing device for electrical appliance fasteners proposed by the present invention from a second viewing angle;

[0023] Figure 3 A schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of a polishing mechanism of a surface polishing device for electrical appliance fasteners proposed by the present invention from a first viewing angle;

[0024] Figure 4 A schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of a polishing mechanism of a surface polishing device for electrical appliance fasteners proposed by the present invention from a second viewing angle;

[0025] Figure 5 A schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of a sky rail line of a surface polishing device for electrical appliance fasteners proposed by the present invention;

[0026] Figure 6 A schematic cross-sectional view of an upper plate and a lower plate of a surface polishing device for electrical appliance fasteners proposed by the present invention;

[0027] Figure 7 for Figure 6 A partial enlarged view of part A;

[0028] Figure 8 A schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of a multi-station mechanism of a surface polishing device for electrical fasteners proposed by the present invention from a first perspective;

[0029] Fig. 9 A schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of a multi-station mechanism of a surface polishing device for electrical fasteners proposed by the present invention from a second viewing angle;

[0030] Fig.10 for Figure 8 A partial enlarged view of part B;

[0031] Fig.11 The present invention is a schematic cross-sectional structural diagram of a hook plate of a surface polishing device for electrical appliance fasteners.

[0032] In the figure: 1. overhead rail mechanism; 101. overhead rail line; 102. lifting device; 103. hook; 104. upper plate; 105. smooth curved plate; 106. square plate; 107. rough curved plate; 108. extension plate; 109. round rod; 110. limit spring; 111. limit rod; 112. limit sleeve; 113. hexagonal slot 1; 114. round hole; 115. cavity; 2. transmission mechanism; 201. frame; 202. conveyor belt; 203. L-shaped support plate; 204. correction plate; 205. differential belt; 3. polishing mechanism; 301. frame; 302. fixed plate; 303. hydraulic cylinder; 304. Hollow tube; 305, sandpaper belt; 306, driving motor; 4, multi-station mechanism; 401, round shell; 402, notch one; 403, notch two; 404, machine base; 405, lower plate; 406, round rudder; 407, round handle plate; 408, hook plate; 409, U-shaped guide frame; 410, side plate; 411, trapezoidal plate; 412, supporting spring; 413, wedge plate; 414, slot; 415, lever; 416, Z-shaped plate; 417, partition; 418, reset spring; 419, round-head push plate; 420, arc-surface raised plate; 421, discharge hole; 422, open cavity; 5, roller line; 6, nut. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0033] The subject matter described herein will now be discussed with reference to example embodiments. It should be understood that the discussion of these embodiments is to enable those skilled in the art to better understand and implement the subject matter described herein. The functions and arrangements of the elements discussed may be changed without departing from the scope of protection of the present specification. Various examples may omit, replace or add various processes or components as needed. In addition, the features described relative to some examples may also be combined in other examples.

[0034] Reference Figure 1 and Figure 2A surface polishing device for electrical fasteners comprises a rail mechanism 1, a transmission mechanism 2, a polishing mechanism 3 and a multi-station mechanism 4, wherein the rail mechanism 1 and the transmission mechanism 2 are respectively located above and below the polishing mechanism 3, and the polishing mechanism 3 is used to polish nuts 6 transported by the rail mechanism 1 and the transmission mechanism 2;

[0035] The multi-station mechanism 4 includes a circular shell 401, which is provided with a notch 1 402 and a notch 2 403. The transmission mechanism 2 includes a frame 201, in which a conveyor belt 202 is arranged. The left end of the conveyor belt 202 is located below the notch 1 402 and close to the bottom of the circular shell 401. A roller line 5 is arranged at the notch 2 403, and the right end outlet of the roller line 5 is connected to the right end of the frame 201.

[0036] It should be noted that the roller line 5 is a conveying equipment widely used in industrial production and logistics fields. It is mainly composed of a transmission roller, a frame 301 and a driving device. It uses a motor as a power source and drives the roller to rotate through a transmission mechanism such as a reducer to achieve the conveying function of the lower plate 405. Two vertically arranged rollers are arranged at the turning point of the roller line 5 to achieve the right-angle turning conveying function of the lower plate 405, so that the lower plate 405 can be sent from the multi-station mechanism 4 to the transmission mechanism 2.

[0037] Reference Figure 3 and Figure 4 The polishing mechanism 3 includes a frame 301, in which a plurality of horizontally arranged fixed plates 302 are fixedly installed, two hydraulic cylinders 303 are fixedly installed on the top of the fixed plates 302, and a hollow tube 304 is fixedly installed on the output ends of the two hydraulic cylinders 303 on the same side, and roller supports 1 are fixedly installed on both the front and rear sides of the top of the hollow tube 304, and a sandpaper roller 1 is rotatably installed between the two roller supports 1 on the same side, and roller supports 2 are fixedly installed on both the front and rear sides of the fixed plates 302, and a sandpaper roller 2 is rotatably installed between the two roller supports 2 on the same side, and a sandpaper belt 305 is driven and installed on the sandpaper rollers 1 and 2 on the same side, and a plurality of driving motors 306 are arranged below the frame 201, and the driving motors 306 drive the corresponding sandpaper rollers 2 to rotate through the pulley and the driving belt.

[0038] It should be noted that the driving motor 306 drives multiple sandpaper belts 305 to rotate through the pulley and the driving belt, and uses the friction of the sandpaper belts 305 to polish the surface of the nut 6; the mesh size of the three sandpaper belts 305 increases from right to left, and the surface of the nut 6 is subjected to coarse grinding, medium grinding and fine polishing operations in turn.

[0039] It should be noted that the main purpose of using sandpaper with a lower mesh number for preliminary polishing is to quickly remove the unevenness, rough layer and impurities on the surface of the nut 6; using sandpaper with a higher mesh number for polishing can further remove the wear marks and minor flaws left by the previous step, so that the surface gradually becomes more uniform and smooth; using sandpaper with an even higher mesh number for fine polishing can further improve the smoothness of the surface, remove minor flaws and wear marks, and make the surface of the nut 6 as bright as a mirror.

[0040] Reference Figure 5 , Figure 6 and Figure 7 The ceiling rail mechanism 1 includes a ceiling rail line 101, on which a plurality of sliders are slidably installed, a lifting device 102 and an upper plate 104 are arranged below the slider, the top of the lifting device 102 is fixedly connected to the bottom of the slider, and four corners of the top of the upper plate 104 are provided with lifting rings, and the lifting device 102 lifts or lowers the upper plate 104 by cooperating with the lifting hook 103 and the lifting ring thereon, a plurality of limiting sleeves 112 are fixedly installed on the top of the upper plate 104, and a plurality of limiting rods 111 are fixedly installed on the bottom of the lifting device 102, and the limiting rods 111 are adapted to the limiting sleeves 112.

[0041] It should be noted that the overhead track 101 is a mature and important component of the industrial automation system, which allows the lifting device 102 to move and operate along a predetermined trajectory, improving work accuracy through automated movement and positioning; a winch and a sling are provided inside the lifting device 102, and a hook 103 is provided under the sling to realize the lifting and lowering functions of the upper plate 104; the limit rod 111 is inserted in the limit sleeve 112 to prevent the upper plate 104 from moving horizontally or shaking up and down.

[0042] The bottom of the upper plate 104 is provided with a plurality of hexagonal slots 113 for placing the nuts 6, and a sliding arc plate 105 is fixedly installed on the top inner wall of the hexagonal slot 113, and the sliding arc plate 105 is movably abutted with the inner hole of the nut 6. A cavity 115 is provided in the upper plate 104, and a square plate 106 is horizontally slidably installed on the bottom inner wall of the cavity 115. A plurality of limit springs 110 are fixedly connected to the right side of the square plate 106, and the limit springs 110 are fixedly connected to the inner wall of one side of the corresponding cavity 115. Two extension plates 108 are fixedly installed on the left side of the square plate 106, and the left side of the extension plate 108 passes through the cavity 115 and is fixedly installed with a round rod 109. A circular hole 114 is opened in the center of the top inner wall of the hexagonal groove 113. A plurality of short plates are fixedly installed on the bottom of the square plate 106, and one side of the short plate passes through the corresponding circular holes 114 and is fixedly installed with a rough arc plate 107. The nut 6 is movably clamped in the hexagonal groove 113, and the smooth arc plate 105 and the rough arc plate 107 are both movably abutted against the inner wall of the nut 6.

[0043] When in use, in the first stage: an assembly table is provided below the starting point of the sky rail line 101, and the upper plate 104 is placed on the assembly table so that the hexagonal slot 113 opens upward, and the extension plate 108 is squeezed by the protrusion provided on the assembly table, thereby driving the square plate 106 to move to one side and compressing the limit spring 110, so that the rough surface arc plate 107 is close to the corresponding smooth surface arc plate 105, and the extension plate 108 is kept stationary. The worker places the nut 6 in the hexagonal slot 113, and then moves the extension plate 108 to separate it from the squeezing of the protrusion, and the rough surface arc plate 107 is pressed against the limit spring 110. Under the action of , it is reset and abutted against the inner hole of the nut 6 to clamp the nut 6, and all the nuts 6 are set to face up at this time; after the nuts 6 are assembled on the upper plate 104, the lifting device 102 releases the slings and hooks 103, and the worker turns over the upper plate 104 and hangs it under the lifting device 102, and the lifting device 102 lifts the upper plate 104 until the limiting rod 111 is inserted into the limiting sleeve 112 and abuts against the top inner wall of the limiting sleeve 112, and the overhead rail line 101 drives the lifting device 102 and the upper plate 104 to pass through multiple sandpaper belts 305 in sequence, so as to polish the front side of the nuts 6.

[0044] It should be noted that the smooth arc plate 105 does not limit the nut 6, but rather guides the nut 6 during the subsequent step of falling. The limiting sleeve 112 and the limiting rod 111 abut against the upper plate 104 to prevent the vibration generated when the nut 6 is polished with sandpaper from causing the upper plate 104 to move horizontally or shake up and down, so that the nut 6 fits tightly with the sandpaper belt 305, preventing uneven polishing of the surface of the nut 6.

[0045] Reference Figure 7 and Figure 8 The multi-station mechanism 4 also includes a machine base 404 and a plurality of lower plates 405. The round shell 401 is fixedly installed on the top of the machine base 404. A servo motor is arranged in the machine base 404. A round rudder 406 is rotatably installed on the bottom inner wall of the round shell 401. The output shaft of the servo motor is fixedly connected to the bottom of the round rudder 406. Four round handle plates 407 are fixedly installed on the outer side of the round rudder 406. A hook plate 408 is fixedly installed on one side of the lower plate 405 close to the center of the round shell 401. The round handle plate 407 is adapted to the hook plate 408. A plurality of hexagonal grooves 113 on the upper plate 104 and the hexagonal grooves 2 on the lower plate 405 are the same in number and size.

[0046] It should be noted that the servo motor drives the circular rudder 406 to rotate intermittently, and the circular rudder 406 drives the lower plate 405 to rotate intermittently through the clamping connection between the round handle plate 407 and the hook plate 408. The single rotation angle is ninety degrees, so that the four positions where the lower plate 405 stops on the circular shell 401 can be defined as four workstations, namely the front workstation, the rear workstation, the left workstation and the right workstation, to facilitate subsequent description.

[0047] Reference Figure 8 and Fig. 9 A U-shaped guide frame 409 is fixedly installed on the left side of the top of the circular shell 401, and side panels 410 are fixedly installed on the inner walls of the front and rear sides of the U-shaped guide frame 409. The rectangular hole formed by the U-shaped guide frame 409 and the two side panels 410 is compatible with the upper plate 104. The tops of the U-shaped guide frame 409 and the two side panels 410 are both inclined. Two trapezoidal plates 411 are fixedly installed on the inner wall of the circular shell 401. The two trapezoidal plates 411 are symmetrically arranged and located on the left side of the circular shell 401. The trapezoidal plates 411 cooperate with the round rod 109.

[0048] In specific use, the second stage: the overhead rail line 101 continues to drive the hoisting device 102 and the upper plate 104 to move to the left above the left workstation. At this time, the upper plate 104 is located directly above the lower plate 405, and the hoisting device 102 drops the upper plate 104 until the upper plate 104 and the lower plate 405 are attached. In this process, the upper plate 104 first enters the U-shaped guide frame 409, and is limited by the side plates 410 of the U-shaped guide frame 409 so that the six The angle groove 113 and the hexagonal groove 2 on the lower plate 405 are precisely aligned, the upper plate 104 continues to descend, and the round rod 109 is squeezed by the corresponding inclined surface of the trapezoidal plate 411, thereby driving the extension plate 108 and the square plate 106 to move to one side, thereby driving the multiple rough arc plates 107 to separate from the inner wall of the nut 6, and the nut 6 slides down from the hexagonal groove 113 into the hexagonal groove 2 under the guidance of the smooth arc plate 105, thereby realizing the function of quickly turning over multiple nuts 6.

[0049] It should be supplemented that the U-shaped guide frame 409 and the two side plates 410 form a rectangular area to limit the upper plate 104, preventing the upper plate 104 from shaking so that the hexagonal groove 1 13 and the hexagonal groove 2 on the lower plate 405 cannot be aligned, and the tops of the U-shaped guide frame 409 and the two side plates 410 are both inclined, so that the upper plate 104 can smoothly enter the rectangular area; the sliding arc plate 105 and the inner wall of the hexagonal groove 1 13 are limited to prevent the nut 6 from tilting during the falling process, ensuring that the nut 6 can be smoothly inserted into the hexagonal groove 2.

[0050] Reference Fig.11An inner groove is provided on the inner wall of the hook plate 408, a support spring 412 is fixedly installed on the inner wall of one side of the inner groove, a wedge plate 413 is fixedly installed on one end of the support spring 412, a slot 414 is provided on the outer side of the round handle of the round handle plate 407, the wedge plate 413 is adapted to the slot 414, an external hole is provided at the bottom of the inner groove, a lever 415 is fixedly installed at the bottom of the wedge plate 413, the lever 415 passes through the corresponding external hole and extends to the outside of the hook plate 408, a Z-shaped plate 416 is fixedly installed on the top of the round shell 401, the right side of the Z-shaped plate 416 is on the same plane as the left inner wall of the notch 2 403, and the Z-shaped plate 416 cooperates with the lever 415.

[0051] It should be noted that the Z-shaped plate 416 includes two arcs, the centers of the two arcs are on the same vertical line as the center of the circular shell 401, the two arcs have different radii and are connected by an oblique arc, the arc with a smaller radius coincides with the rotation trajectory of the round rod 109, and when the lower plate 405 is about to move to the front work station, the round rod 109 moves along the arc with a smaller radius to the arc with a larger radius, thereby driving the wedge plate 413 to move to one side to disengage from the slot 414, thereby realizing the automatic separation of the round handle plate 407 and the hook plate 408; it should be particularly pointed out that the arrangement of the round handle plate 407 and the hook plate 408 can not only support the pushing of the lower plate 405, but also facilitate the automatic separation of the round handle plate 407 and the hook plate 408 when at the front work station.

[0052] During specific use, the third stage: after completing the turning over operation of the nut 6, the circular rudder 406 drives the lower plate 405 equipped with the nut 6 to rotate a quarter of a turn through the clamping connection between the round handle plate 407 and the hook plate 408, so that the lower plate 405 rotates from the left station to the front station. At the same time, the lifting device 102 lifts the empty upper plate 104 and continues to move back to the initial position of the sky rail line 101 to enter the next cycle. After the lower plate 405 rotates to the front station, the wedge plate 413 moves to one side to disengage from the clamping groove 414 with the cooperation of the round rod 109 and the Z-shaped plate 416, and the round handle plate 407 is separated from the hook plate 408. At this time, half of the lower plate 405 is already on the roller line 5. The roller line 5 is started to transport the lower plate 405 to the differential belt 205. At the same time, the second lifting device 102 performs the second stage operation at the left station.

[0053] Reference Figure 6 , Figure 7 and Figure 8The bottom of the lower plate 405 is provided with an open cavity 422, the bottom of the open cavity 422 is open, the hexagonal groove 2 is connected to the open cavity 422, a partition 417 is horizontally slidably installed on the top inner wall of the open cavity 422, a plurality of return springs 418 are fixedly installed on one side of the partition 417 close to the center of the circular shell 401, one side of the return spring 418 is fixedly connected to the inner wall of one side of the open cavity 422, and a circular spring 418 is fixedly installed on one side of the partition 417 close to the annular edge of the circular shell 401. The head push plate 419 and the top of the partition plate 417 are provided with circular holes 114 of the same number as the two hexagonal grooves on the lower plate 405, the circular holes 114 are located below the corresponding two hexagonal grooves and are staggered with the two hexagonal grooves, a curved raised plate 420 is fixedly installed on the bottom inner wall of the circular shell 401, the rear side of the curved raised plate 420 abuts against the annular edge of the circular shell 401, the curved raised plate 420 cooperates with the round head push plate 419, and a discharge hole 421 is provided on the bottom inner wall of the circular shell 401.

[0054] Reference Figure 2 , Figure 3 and Figure 4 A differential belt 205 is provided in the frame 201, and L-shaped support plates 203 are fixedly installed on both the front and rear sides of the top of the frame 201. The same correcting plate 204 is fixedly installed on one side of multiple L-shaped support plates 203 on the same side, and the two correcting plates 204 are respectively aligned with the front and rear inner walls of the notch 402.

[0055] It should be noted that the differential belt 205 is also called the differential belt 205 conveyor. The material angle is adjusted by adjusting the differential, which meets the requirements of different processes for material conveying angles. When the differential is working, it will cause a speed difference between the belts on both sides. This speed difference will cause the lower plate 405 to be subjected to friction in different directions during the conveying process, thereby changing the angle of the lower plate 405.

[0056] In specific use, the fourth stage: the lower plate 405 filled with nuts 6 enters the differential belt 205 under the conveyance of the roller line 5. Under the dual effects of the inertia of the lower plate 405 itself and the friction deceleration of the differential belt 205, the lower plate 405 stops at the middle position of the differential belt 205, and the differential belt 205 is started to drive the lower plate 405 to rotate 90 degrees counterclockwise and send the lower plate 405 to the conveyor belt 202. The conveyor belt 202 drives the lower plate 405 to pass through the conveyor belt 202 in sequence. The lower plate 405 is finally put into the notch 1 402 under the limitation of the two deviation-correcting plates, that is, the lower plate 405 stops at the right station. When the round rudder 406 drives the round handle plate 407 to rotate to the right station, the round handle part of the round handle plate 407 squeezes the inclined surface of the wedge plate 413 so that the wedge plate 413 is re-stuck in the slot 414, and the round handle plate 407 is reconnected with the hook plate 408.

[0057] It should be noted that the purpose of the differential belt 205 adjusting the angle of the lower plate 405 is to enable the hook plate 408 to be reconnected with the round handle plate 407 when the lower plate 405 enters the multi-station mechanism 4 again; the limit positions of the two correcting plates ensure that the lower plate 405 enters the gap 402.

[0058] In specific use, the fifth stage: the round rudder 406 drives the lower plate 405 of the right station to rotate to the rear station through the round handle plate 407 and the hook plate 408. During this process, the round head push plate 419 on the lower plate 405 is squeezed by the arc-surface raised plate 420, thereby driving the partition plate 417 to move to one side and compressing the reset spring 418, so that the round hole 114 gradually overlaps with the hexagonal groove 2, and the nut 6 passes through the hexagonal groove 2, the round hole 114, the development cavity and the discharge cavity in sequence. The hole 421 falls from the bottom of the round shell 401 to realize the automatic unloading function of the nut 6. After that, the round rudder 406 continues to drive the lower plate 405 to rotate from the rear station to the left station, and the reset spring 418 drives the partition 417 to reset, so that the round hole 114 and the hexagonal groove are staggered to support the nut 6. After the lower plate 405 moves to the left station, it waits for the lifting device 102 to land on the upper plate 104, and repeats this cycle to realize the automatic double-sided polishing function of the nut 6.

[0059] It should be supplemented that the left inner wall of the notch 402 abuts against the left side of the lower plate 405 to prevent the lower plate 405 from continuing to move to the left under the conveyance of the conveyor belt 202, and the front and rear inner walls of the notch 402 are both inclined to facilitate the lower plate 405 to smoothly enter and leave the notch 402; the height of the slot 414 is greater than the height of the wedge plate 413, which makes up for the height difference between the round shell 401 and the conveyor belt 202 and ensures that the wedge plate 413 can be inserted into the slot 414, and the cooperation of the round handle plate 407 and the hook plate 408 can still drive the lower plate 405 to rotate in the event of up and down sliding; a collection frame can be placed or a transmission line can be set below the discharge hole 421.

[0060] The working principle of the present invention is:

[0061] First, the overhead rail line 101 drives the upper plate 104 to pass through multiple sandpaper belts 305 in sequence to polish the front of the nut 6. After that, the overhead rail line 101 drives the upper plate 104 to stop above the left workstation, and the upper plate 104 is lowered by the hoisting device 102, so that the upper plate 104 and the lower plate 405 are attached to complete the conversion of the nut 6, thereby realizing the function of turning over the nut 6. The round rudder 406 drives the lower plate 405 from the left side through the cooperation of the round handle plate 407 and the hook plate 408. The left station moves to the front station, and then the roller line 5 conveys the lower disc 405 to the differential belt 205. The differential belt 205 adjusts the angle of the lower disc 405 and conveys the lower disc 405 to the conveyor belt 202. The conveyor belt 202 drives the lower disc 405 to pass through multiple sandpaper belts 305 in sequence until it stops at the right station, and polishes the back side of the nut 6. Finally, the circular rudder 406 moves the lower disc 405 from the right station to the rear station to complete the automatic unloading function.

[0062] In the first stage, the overhead rail line 101 drives the upper plate 104 to pass through the sandpaper belt 305 to polish the front side of the nut 6; in the second stage, the lifting device 102 drives the upper plate 104 to descend above the lower plate 405 to complete the transfer and turning over functions of the nut 6; in the third stage, the roller line 5 transports the lower plate 405 to the differential belt 205; in the fourth stage, the conveyor belt 202 drives the lower plate 405 to pass through multiple sandpaper belts 305 to polish the back side of the nut 6; in the fifth stage, the circular rudder 406 drives the lower plate 405 to the rear workstation to realize the automatic unloading function of the nut 6. The above five stages are carried out sequentially in the process, but in actual operation, some stages are carried out simultaneously, such as the second stage and the third stage can be carried out synchronously, so as to adapt to different production rhythm requirements. The present invention can adjust the production rhythm by adjusting the spacing of the upper plate 104 transported by the overhead rail and the matching increase or decrease in the number of lower plates 405. For example, within the distance from the initial position to the left workstation on the overhead rail line 101, five upper plates 104 are passed per unit time. Assuming that the multi-station mechanism 4 is initially equipped with three lower plates 405, then workers are required to add two lower plates 405 accordingly. The adding method is that when the third lower plate 405 is docked with the upper plate 104, the hook plate 408 on the fourth lower plate 405 is clamped on the round handle plate 407 on the rear workstation, and the fifth lower plate 405 is added in the same way. The drum line 5 provides a cache space for the lower plate 405 so that the lower plate 405 can be added to the multi-station mechanism 4.

[0063] Finally, it should be noted that: Obviously, the above embodiments are only examples for clearly explaining the present invention, and are not intended to limit the implementation methods. For ordinary technicians in the relevant field, other different forms of changes or modifications can be made based on the above description. It is not necessary and impossible to list all the implementation methods here. The obvious changes or modifications derived from this are still within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A surface polishing device for electrical fasteners, It is characterized in that The invention comprises a ceiling rail mechanism (1), a transmission mechanism (2), a polishing mechanism (3) and a multi-station mechanism (4), wherein the ceiling rail mechanism (1) and the transmission mechanism (2) are respectively located above and below the polishing mechanism (3), and the polishing mechanism (3) is used to perform a polishing process on nuts (6) transported by the ceiling rail mechanism (1) and the transmission mechanism (2); The multi-station mechanism (4) comprises a round shell (401), the round shell (401) is provided with a first notch (402) and a second notch (403), the transmission mechanism (2) comprises a frame (201), a conveyor belt (202) is arranged in the frame (201), the left end of the conveyor belt (202) is located below the first notch (402) and close to the bottom of the round shell (401), a roller line (5) is arranged at the second notch (403), and the right end outlet of the roller line (5) is connected to the right end of the frame (201); The overhead rail mechanism (1) comprises an overhead rail line (101), a plurality of sliders are slidably mounted on the overhead rail line (101), a hoisting device (102) and an upper plate (104) are arranged below the sliders, the top of the hoisting device (102) is fixedly connected to the bottom of the sliders, four corners of the top of the upper plate (104) are provided with lifting rings, the hoisting device (102) lifts or lowers the upper plate (104) by means of the cooperation between the lifting hooks (103) and the lifting rings, a plurality of limiting sleeves (112) are fixedly mounted on the top of the upper plate (104), a plurality of limiting rods (111) are fixedly mounted on the bottom of the hoisting device (102), and the limiting rods (111) are adapted to the limiting sleeves (112); The multi-station mechanism (4) further comprises a machine base (404) and a plurality of lower plates (405); the circular shell (401) is fixedly mounted on the top of the machine base (404); a servo motor is arranged in the machine base (404); a circular rudder (406) is rotatably mounted on the inner wall of the bottom of the circular shell (401); the output shaft of the servo motor is fixedly connected to the bottom of the circular rudder (406); four round handle plates (407) are fixedly mounted on the outer side of the circular rudder (406); a hook plate (408) is fixedly mounted on one side of the lower plate (405) close to the center of the circular shell (401); the round handle plate (407) is matched with the hook plate (408); a plurality of hexagonal slots (113) are opened on the top of the lower plate (405); the number of the hexagonal slots (113) on the upper plate (104) and the hexagonal slots (113) on the lower plate (405) are the same, and the sizes are the same.

2. The surface polishing device for electrical appliance fasteners according to claim 1, It is characterized in that The polishing mechanism (3) comprises a frame (301), wherein a plurality of horizontally arranged fixed plates (302) are fixedly installed in the frame (301), two hydraulic cylinders (303) are fixedly installed on the top of the fixed plates (302), a hollow tube (304) is fixedly installed on the output ends of the two hydraulic cylinders (303) located on the same side, a roller support 1 is fixedly installed on both the front and rear sides of the top of the hollow tube (304), a sandpaper roller 1 is rotatably installed between the two roller supports 1 located on the same side, a roller support 2 is fixedly installed on both the front and rear sides of the fixed plates (302), a sandpaper roller 2 is rotatably installed between the two roller supports 2 located on the same side, a sandpaper belt (305) is transmission-mounted on the sandpaper rollers 1 and 2 located on the same side, and a plurality of drive motors (306) are arranged below the frame (201), and the drive motors (306) drive the corresponding sandpaper rollers 2 to rotate through the cooperation of a pulley and a drive belt.

3. The surface polishing device for electrical appliance fasteners according to claim 2, It is characterized in that The bottom of the upper plate (104) is provided with a plurality of hexagonal slots (113) for accommodating nuts (6); a sliding arc plate (105) is fixedly mounted on the top inner wall of the hexagonal slot (113); the sliding arc plate (105) is movably abutted against the inner hole of the nut (6); a cavity (115) is provided in the upper plate (104); a square plate (106) is horizontally slidably mounted on the bottom inner wall of the cavity (115); a plurality of limit springs (110) are fixedly connected to the right side of the square plate (106); the limit springs (110) are fixedly connected to the inner walls of one side of the corresponding cavities (115); Two extension plates (108) are fixedly installed on the left side of the square plate (106), the left side of the extension plate (108) passes through the cavity (115) and is fixedly installed with a round rod (109), a round hole (114) is opened at the center of the top inner wall of the hexagonal slot (113), a plurality of short plates are fixedly installed on the bottom of the square plate (106), one side of the short plates passes through the corresponding round holes (114) and is fixedly installed with a rough surface arc plate (107), the nut (6) is movably clamped in the hexagonal slot (113), and the smooth surface arc plate (105) and the rough surface arc plate (107) are both movably abutted against the inner wall of the nut (6).

4. The surface polishing device for electrical appliance fasteners according to claim 3, It is characterized in that A U-shaped guide frame (409) is fixedly mounted on the left side of the top of the circular shell (401); side plates (410) are fixedly mounted on the inner walls of the front and rear sides of the U-shaped guide frame (409); a rectangular hole formed by the U-shaped guide frame (409) and the two side plates (410) is matched with the upper plate (104); the tops of the U-shaped guide frame (409) and the two side plates (410) are both inclined; two trapezoidal plates (411) are fixedly mounted on the inner wall of the circular shell (401); the two trapezoidal plates (411) are symmetrically arranged and located on the left side of the circular shell (401); and the trapezoidal plates (411) are matched with the round rod (109).

5. The surface polishing device for electrical appliance fasteners according to claim 4, It is characterized in that An inner groove is provided on the inner wall of the hook plate (408), a support spring (412) is fixedly mounted on the inner wall of one side of the inner groove, a wedge-shaped plate (413) is fixedly mounted on one end of the support spring (412), a clamping groove (414) is provided on the outer side of the round handle of the round handle plate (407), the wedge-shaped plate (413) is matched with the clamping groove (414), an external connection hole is provided at the bottom of the inner groove, a lever (415) is fixedly mounted on the bottom of the wedge-shaped plate (413), the lever (415) passes through the corresponding external connection hole and extends to the outer side of the hook plate (408), a Z-shaped plate (416) is fixedly mounted on the top of the round shell (401), the right side of the Z-shaped plate (416) and the left inner wall of the notch 2 (403) are located on the same plane, and the Z-shaped plate (416) matches the lever (415).

6. The surface polishing device for electrical appliance fasteners according to claim 5, It is characterized in that An open cavity (422) is provided at the bottom of the lower plate (405). The bottom of the open cavity (422) is open. The second hexagonal groove is connected to the open cavity (422). A partition (417) is horizontally slidably mounted on the top inner wall of the open cavity (422). A plurality of return springs (418) are fixedly mounted on one side of the partition (417) close to the center of the circular shell (401). One end of the return spring (418) is fixedly connected to the inner wall of one side of the open cavity (422). A plurality of return springs (418) are fixedly mounted on one side of the partition (417) close to the annular edge of the circular shell (401). A round-headed push plate (419), the top of the partition plate (417) is provided with round holes (114) of the same number as the two hexagonal grooves on the lower plate (405), the round holes (114) are located below the corresponding two hexagonal grooves and are arranged alternately with the two hexagonal grooves, a curved raised plate (420) is fixedly mounted on the bottom inner wall of the circular shell (401), the rear side of the curved raised plate (420) is in contact with the annular edge of the circular shell (401), the curved raised plate (420) cooperates with the round-headed push plate (419), and a discharge hole (421) is provided on the bottom inner wall of the circular shell (401).

7. The surface polishing device for electrical appliance fasteners according to claim 1, It is characterized in that A differential belt (205) is arranged in the frame (201); L-shaped support plates (203) are fixedly mounted on both the front and rear sides of the top of the frame (201); a same deflection correcting plate (204) is fixedly mounted on one side of a plurality of the L-shaped support plates (203) located on the same side; the two deflection correcting plates (204) are respectively aligned with the front and rear inner walls of the first notch (402).

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