Convex mold, multi-stage forming mold and glass forming method

Abstract

The present invention relates to a punch, a multi-stage forming mold and a glass forming method, wherein the punch comprises an inner punch and an outer punch, the inner punch having a curved forming surface; the outer punch is configured with a through hole for the inner punch to pass through, and the outer punch is sleeved outside the inner punch; the outer punch comprises an outer punch base and a punch pressing piece, the punch pressing piece having a curved first pressing surface, the first pressing surface and the curved forming surface can be assembled to form a complete forming convex surface, the punch pressing piece is connected to the outer punch base, and the distance between the punch pressing piece and the outer punch base is adjustable so that the curvature of the first pressing surface is adjustable; the outer punch base is movably connected to the inner punch, and the outer punch base can move relative to the inner punch. In the present invention, the distance between the punch pressing piece and the outer punch base is adjustable so that the curvature of the first pressing surface is adjustable, so that the pressing surfaces of the inner punch and the outer punch can be well matched and transitioned, thereby improving the pressing state of the glass plate.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of glass forming, in particular to a male mold, a multi-stage forming mold and a glass forming method. Background Art

[0002] The preparation process of curved glass requires the use of a special mold, which includes a male mold and a female mold. During molding, the male mold and the female mold are used to press and form.

[0003] The one-step press molding process can easily lead to wrinkles and poor reflective optics at the edges of the glass due to stress concentration during molding. However, with split-pressing technology, the punch temperature is typically maintained at 500-600°C during pressing, and the punch is typically made of high-temperature-resistant stainless steel or other metal materials. Because the punch in split-pressing technology is divided into two parts, the outer and inner punches differ in structure, center of gravity, weight, shape, and temperature. As the outer and inner punches expand due to heat, the outer and inner pressing surfaces of the outer punch differ. In some locations, the difference can reach over 2mm, making it impossible to achieve a good match and transition between the pressing surfaces of the inner and outer punches. This problem is extremely critical to the molding of the glass sheet. Summary of the Invention

[0004] Based on this, it is necessary to provide a punch, a multi-stage forming mold and a glass forming method to address the technical problem that the pressing surfaces of the inner punch and the outer punch in the prior art cannot be well matched and transitioned.

[0005] A punch, comprising:

[0006] an inner punch having a curved forming surface;

[0007] The outer punch is configured with a through hole for the inner punch to pass through, and the outer punch is sleeved outside the inner punch;

[0008] The outer punch comprises an outer punch base and a punch pressing piece, the punch pressing piece having a curved first pressing surface, the first pressing surface and the curved forming surface being able to be assembled to form a complete forming convex surface, the punch pressing piece being connected to the outer punch base, and the distance between the punch pressing piece and the outer punch base being adjustable so that the curvature of the first pressing surface is adjustable;

[0009] The outer punch base is movably connected to the inner punch, and the outer punch base can move relative to the inner punch.

[0010] In one embodiment, the male mold further comprises:

[0011] Multiple first adjustment components are arranged at circumferential intervals along the outer punch base, and the two ends of each first adjustment component are respectively connected to the outer punch base and the punch pressing sheet, and the end of each first adjustment component connected to the punch pressing sheet can be moved relative to the outer punch base to adjust the distance between the punch pressing sheet and the outer punch base.

[0012] In one embodiment, each of the first adjustment components includes:

[0013] A fixing rod, one end of which is fixedly connected to the male mold pressing piece, and the fixing rod is provided with an external thread;

[0014] A movable sleeve is rotatably connected to the outer punch base, and the movable sleeve is threadedly connected to the fixed rod;

[0015] A locking piece, at least one of which is provided at each end of the movable sleeve, the locking piece being connected to the fixing rod, and applying a pre-tightening force to the movable sleeve to limit the rotation of the movable sleeve relative to the outer punch base.

[0016] In one embodiment, the inner punch comprises:

[0017] A die base, the die base being used for fixed connection with the movable pressing head;

[0018] A mold core is fixedly connected to the side of the mold base facing away from the press;

[0019] In which, a plurality of first ear plates arranged at intervals are provided on the circumferential side of the mold base, and a second ear plate corresponding to the first ear plate is provided on the circumferential side of the outer punch base. The first ear plate and the second ear plate are connected by a driving mechanism so that the outer punch base can move relative to the mold base under the drive of the driving mechanism.

[0020] In one embodiment, the driving mechanism is a cylinder, the cylinder shell is fixedly connected to the first ear plate, the movable end of the cylinder is fixedly connected to the second ear plate, and the airflow in the cylinder body of the cylinder is adjustable.

[0021] In one embodiment, the male mold further includes a second adjustment component, wherein the second adjustment component includes:

[0022] a movable head rotatably connected to the second ear plate;

[0023] A transmission rod is provided with an external thread, the transmission rod is fixedly connected to the movable end of the cylinder, and the movable head is threadedly connected to the transmission rod;

[0024] When the movable head rotates relative to the second ear plate, the movable head can move along the axial direction of the transmission rod to adjust the distance between the outer punch base and the mold base.

[0025] A multi-stage forming mold comprises the male mold and the female mold as described above, wherein the female mold is used for cooperating with the male mold to extrude the glass to be formed to obtain curved glass.

[0026] In one embodiment, the die comprises:

[0027] The die base is used for fixed connection with the movable pressing head of the press;

[0028] A concave die pressing sheet connected to the concave die base, the concave die pressing sheet having a second pressing surface matching the first pressing surface, the second pressing surface being a concave surface;

[0029] The distance between the concave die pressing sheet and the concave die base is adjustable so that the curvature of the second pressing surface is adjustable.

[0030] A glass forming method, wherein the glass forming method uses the above multi-stage forming mold to form the glass, and the glass forming method comprises:

[0031] The outer convex mold is sleeved on the inner convex mold, and the inner convex mold is retracted into the outer convex mold;

[0032] Placing the glass to be formed on the second pressing surface of the concave mold, and moving the glass to be formed toward the convex mold until it contacts the first pressing surface under the drive of the concave mold, so that the peripheral portion of the glass to be formed is formed under the joint extrusion of the first pressing surface and the second pressing surface;

[0033] driving the outer punch to move away from the female die so that the inner punch is exposed from the through hole of the outer punch;

[0034] Driven by the concave mold, the glass to be formed continues to move toward the convex mold until it contacts the curved forming surface. The glass to be formed is formed into the curved glass under the joint extrusion of the inner convex mold and the concave mold.

[0035] In one embodiment, before the outer punch is sleeved on the inner punch and the inner punch is retracted into the outer punch, the method further comprises:

[0036] The distance between the male die pressing piece and the outer male die base, and the distance between the female die pressing piece and the female die base are adjusted so that the curvatures of the first pressing surface and the second pressing surface match.

[0037] In one embodiment, the outer convex mold is sleeved on the inner convex mold, and the inner convex mold is retracted into the outer convex mold, comprising:

[0038] Adjust the air pressure of the cylinder connected to the inner punch and the outer punch base so that the pulling force G2 of the cylinder on the outer punch base is less than the weight G1 of the outer punch. Under the action of gravity, the outer punch moves toward the direction close to the die so that there is a height difference between the first pressing surface and the curved forming surface.

[0039] In one embodiment, when the glass to be formed is formed at its peripheral portion under the joint extrusion of the first pressing surface and the second pressing surface, the pressure G0 on the first pressing surface applied to the glass to be formed is equal to G1-G2.

[0040] In one embodiment, the step of driving the outer punch to move away from the female mold so that the inner punch is exposed from the through hole of the outer punch comprises:

[0041] Adjust the air pressure of the cylinder connected to the inner punch and the outer punch base so that the pulling force G3 of the cylinder on the outer punch base is greater than the weight G1 of the outer punch, so that the outer punch base moves away from the die under the pulling force of the cylinder.

[0042] Beneficial effects of the present invention:

[0043] The present invention provides a punch mold, wherein the curved forming surface on the inner punch mold is used to shape the middle portion of the glass to be formed. The outer punch mold has a through hole for the inner punch mold to pass through, allowing the outer punch mold to be positioned outside the inner punch mold to form a first pressing surface and a second pressing surface that can be assembled to form a complete formed convex surface. The outer punch mold base is movably connected to the inner punch mold, allowing the outer punch mold base to move relative to the inner punch mold. This allows the outer punch mold base to be moved relative to the inner punch mold, so that when pressing the glass to be formed, the outer periphery of the glass to be formed can be pressed first, followed by the middle portion of the glass to be formed. By allowing the edge of the glass to contact the punch mold first, the most curved portion of the glass is bent and formed first, causing wrinkles to spread toward the center. The middle portion, with its less curvature, is then pressed. Due to the smaller curvature of the middle portion of the glass, wrinkles can be effectively smoothed, meeting the production requirements of large spherical front face products with a diameter of 30 mm or more. This reduces the risk of wrinkles forming at the edge of the formed glass. In the present invention, the distance between the punch pressing sheet and the outer punch base is adjustable so that the curvature of the first pressing surface can be adjusted, which enables good matching and transition between the pressing surfaces of the inner punch and the outer punch, thereby improving the pressing state of the glass plate. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0044] Figure 1A schematic structural diagram of a male mold provided in one embodiment of the present invention;

[0045] Figure 2 A schematic structural diagram of an inner punch in a punch provided in one embodiment of the present invention;

[0046] Figure 3 A schematic structural diagram of an outer punch in a punch provided in one embodiment of the present invention;

[0047] Figure 4 A schematic structural diagram of an outer punch base of an outer punch in a punch provided in one embodiment of the present invention;

[0048] Figure 5 A schematic structural diagram of a punch pressing sheet of an outer punch of a punch provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0049] Figure 6 A schematic structural diagram of an outer punch in a punch provided by an embodiment of the present invention from another perspective;

[0050] Figure 7 A schematic cross-sectional view of a first adjusting member in a male mold after being connected to an outer male mold according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0051] Figure 8 A schematic structural diagram of a concave mold provided in one embodiment of the present invention;

[0052] Figure 9 A schematic cross-sectional view of the outer punch moving to the lowest end during glass molding according to one embodiment of the present invention;

[0053] Figure 10 A cross-sectional schematic diagram of the outer male mold and the female mold extruding the glass during glass molding according to one embodiment of the present invention;

[0054] Figure 11 A schematic cross-sectional view of the outer punch moving to the highest point during glass molding according to one embodiment of the present invention;

[0055] Figure 12 A cross-sectional schematic diagram of an inner male mold and a female mold extruding glass during glass molding according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0056] Figure 13 A schematic flow chart of a glass forming method provided in one embodiment of the present invention.

[0057] Reference numerals:

[0058] Punch 100; inner punch 110; mold base 111; first ear plate 1111; mold core 112; curved molding surface 1121; outer punch 120; through hole 121; outer punch base 122; second ear plate 1221; mounting hole 1222; punch pressing plate 123; first pressing surface 1231; first adjusting assembly 130; fixing rod 131; movable sleeve 132; locking member 133; cylinder 140; second adjusting assembly 150; movable head 151; locking nut 152; die 200; die base 210; die pressing plate 220; second pressing surface 221; molded glass 300. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0059] To make the above-mentioned objects, features, and advantages of the present invention more readily apparent, specific embodiments of the present invention are described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. The following description sets forth numerous specific details to facilitate a full understanding of the present invention. However, the present invention can be implemented in many other ways than those described herein, and those skilled in the art may make similar modifications without departing from the scope of the present invention. Therefore, the present invention is not limited to the specific embodiments disclosed below.

[0060] In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the terms "center", "longitudinal", "lateral", "length", "width", "thickness", "up", "down", "front", "back", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inside", "outside", "clockwise", "counterclockwise", "axial", "radial", "circumferential" and the like to indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be understood as limiting the present invention.

[0061] Furthermore, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of the technical features being referred to. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one such feature. In the description of the present invention, "plurality" means at least two, such as two, three, etc., unless otherwise specifically defined.

[0062] In the present invention, unless otherwise specified or limited, the terms "installed," "connected," "connect," "fixed," etc. should be understood in a broad sense. For example, they can refer to fixed connection, detachable connection, or integration; mechanical connection, electrical connection; direct connection, or indirect connection through an intermediate medium; internal communication between two components, or interaction between two components, unless otherwise specified. Those skilled in the art will understand the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention based on specific circumstances.

[0063] In the present invention, unless otherwise expressly specified or limited, when a first feature is "above" or "below" a second feature, it may mean that the first and second features are in direct contact, or that the first and second features are in indirect contact through an intermediary. Furthermore, when a first feature is "above," "above," or "above" a second feature, it may mean that the first feature is directly above or diagonally above the second feature, or simply means that the first feature is at a higher level than the second feature. When a first feature is "below," "below," or "below" a second feature, it may mean that the first feature is directly below or diagonally below the second feature, or simply means that the first feature is at a lower level than the second feature.

[0064] It should be noted that when an element is referred to as being "fixed to" or "disposed on" another element, it may be directly on the other element or there may be an intermediate element. When an element is considered to be "connected to" another element, it may be directly connected to the other element or there may be an intermediate element. The terms "vertical," "horizontal," "upper," "lower," "left," "right," and similar expressions used herein are for illustrative purposes only and do not represent the only implementation methods.

[0065] In the traditional one-step glass pressing process, the punch is an integrated design. The forming process is generally that the central area of ​​the punch contacts the glass first to press the glass, and then the concave and convex molds press the peripheral area of ​​the glass to shape the peripheral area. This forming process is prone to cause wrinkles and poor reflective optics at the edges of glass with complex curvature (generally glass with a small curvature radius) during molding due to stress concentration.

[0066] The automotive glass forming technology in the related art uses a split punch, which is divided into an outer punch and an inner punch. The outer punch and the inner punch can move relative to each other. During forming, the outer punch first contacts the glass plate, and then the inner punch contacts the glass plate. The glass plate is pressed and formed in steps. This method can better solve the problem of edge wrinkles.

[0067] However, during the glass sheet forming process, the temperature of the punch usually needs to be maintained at 500-600℃, and the material used to make the punch is usually high-temperature resistant stainless steel or other metal materials. Since the punch of the split pressing technology is divided into two parts, the outer punch and the inner punch, because the structure, center of gravity, weight, shape, temperature, etc. of the outer punch and the inner punch are different, after the outer punch and the inner punch expand due to heat, the outer pressing surface of the outer punch and the inner pressing surface of the inner punch will also be different. The difference in some positions can reach more than 2mm, that is, the pressing surfaces of the inner punch and the outer punch cannot be well matched and transitioned, and this problem is extremely fatal to the forming of the glass sheet.

[0068] Based on this, the present invention provides a punch, a multi-stage forming mold and a glass forming method, which can reduce the generation of wrinkles during glass forming, and at the same time enable the pressing surfaces of the inner punch and the outer punch to be well matched and transitioned, thereby improving the pressing state of the glass plate.

[0069] See Figures 1 to 7 An embodiment of the present invention provides a punch 100, which includes an inner punch 110 and an outer punch 120. The inner punch 110 has a curved molding surface 1121. The outer punch is configured with a through hole 121 for the inner punch 110 to pass through. The outer punch is sleeved outside the inner punch 110. The outer punch includes an outer punch base 122 and a punch 100 pressing piece 123. The punch 100 pressing piece 123 has a curved first pressing surface 121. 31. The first pressing surface 1231 and the curved forming surface 1121 can be assembled to form a complete forming convex surface. The pressing piece 123 of the punch 100 is connected to the outer punch base 122. The distance between the pressing piece 123 of the punch 100 and the outer punch base 122 can be adjusted so that the curvature of the first pressing surface 1231 can be adjusted. The outer punch base 122 is movably connected to the inner punch 110, and the outer punch base 122 can move relative to the inner punch 110.

[0070] This technical solution provides a punch 100. The curved forming surface 1121 on the inner punch 110 is used to form the middle portion of the glass 300 to be formed. The through hole 121 on the outer punch is used to allow the inner punch 110 to pass through, so that the outer punch can be placed outside the inner punch 110 to form a first pressing surface 1231 and a second pressing surface 221 that can be assembled together to form a complete formed convex surface. The outer punch base 122 is movably connected to the inner punch 110, allowing the outer punch base 122 to move relative to the inner punch 110. When pressing the glass 300 to be formed, the outer punch base 122 can be moved relative to the inner punch 110 to press the outer edge of the glass 300 first, and then the middle portion of the glass 300 to be formed. By first contacting the edge of the glass with the punch 100, the most curved portion of the glass is bent and formed first, and the wrinkles spread toward the center. The middle portion, with its smaller curvature, is then pressed. Because the curvature of the glass is smaller, wrinkles can be effectively smoothed, meeting the production requirements of large spherical front face products exceeding 30 mm. This reduces the risk of wrinkles forming at the edges of the formed glass 300. In the present invention, the distance between the punch pressing sheet 123 and the outer punch base 122 is adjustable, allowing the curvature of the first pressing surface 1231 to be adjusted. This ensures a good match and transition between the pressing surfaces of the inner and outer punches 110, 120, thereby improving the pressing conditions of the glass sheet.

[0071] It is understood that during the molding process, the inner punch 110 can be stationary, while the outer punch 120 can be movable relative to the inner punch 110. When the outer punch 120 moves relative to the inner punch 110, a height difference is created between the inner and outer punches. This allows the peripheral and central portions of the glass to be molded in stages, thereby reducing the risk of wrinkling during the molding process. Of course, in other embodiments, the outer punch can also be stationary, while the inner punch 110 can be movable relative to the outer punch, thereby creating a height difference between the inner and outer punches.

[0072] Specifically, the inner punch 110 includes a die base 111 and a die core 112, the die base 111 is used to be fixedly connected to the press; the die core 112 is fixedly connected to the side of the die base 111 facing away from the press; wherein, the circumferential side of the die base 111 is provided with a plurality of first ear plates 1111 arranged at intervals, and the circumferential side of the outer punch base 122 is provided with a second ear plate 1221 corresponding to the first ear plate 1111, and the first ear plate 1111 and the second ear plate 1221 are connected by a driving mechanism so that the outer punch base 122 can move relative to the die base 111 under the drive of the driving mechanism.

[0073] A driving mechanism is provided between the first lug 1111 on the die base 111 and the second lug 1221 of the outer punch base 122 to drive the outer punch base 122 to move relative to the die base 111, thereby creating a height difference between the first pressing surface 1231 and the second pressing surface 221. The driving mechanism may be a cylinder 140, a piston rod, a screw drive mechanism, a worm gear drive mechanism, or the like.

[0074] like Figure 1 、 Figure 2 and Figure 3 As shown, in one embodiment, the driving mechanism is a cylinder 140. The outer shell of the cylinder 140 is fixedly connected to the first ear plate 1111, and the movable end of the cylinder 140 is fixedly connected to the second ear plate 1221. The airflow within the cylinder 140 is adjustable. It is understood that the adjustment of the gas flow within the cylinder 140 is achieved by a one-way valve or a proportional valve.

[0075] The drive mechanism, which is provided by the air cylinder 140, has the advantages of high load capacity, simple structure, and compactness. Furthermore, the drive mechanism, which is provided by the air cylinder 140, can be adjusted by adjusting the airflow within the cylinder to adjust the tension applied by the air cylinder 140 on the outer punch base 122, thereby enabling the outer punch 120 to move relative to the inner punch 110. For example, during glass molding, when it is necessary to move the outer punch 120 so that the inner punch 110 is retracted into the through hole 121 of the outer punch, the air flow of the cylinder 140 can be reduced so that the pulling force applied by the cylinder 140 to the outer punch base 122 is less than the sum of the gravity of the outer punch base 122 and the punch pressing piece 123. In this way, the pressure of the cylinder 140 is overcome by the gravity of the outer punch and the punch moves toward the direction close to the die 200. When it is necessary to stretch the outer punch to the highest point, the air flow of the cylinder 140 can be increased so that the pulling force applied by the cylinder 140 to the outer punch base 122 is greater than the sum of the gravity of the outer punch base 122 and the punch pressing piece 123. In this way, the cylinder 140 overcomes the weight of the outer punch and stretches the outer punch 120 to the highest point.

[0076] like Figure 3 、 Figure 6 and Figure 7 As shown, in one embodiment, the punch 100 also includes a plurality of first adjustment components 130, and the plurality of first adjustment components 130 are arranged at circumferential intervals along the outer punch base 122, and the two ends of each first adjustment component 130 are respectively connected to the outer punch base 122 and the punch pressing sheet 123, and the end of each first adjustment component 130 connected to the punch pressing sheet 123 can be moved relative to the outer punch base 122 to adjust the distance between the punch pressing sheet 123 and the outer punch base 122.

[0077] Specifically, the punch pressing piece 123 and the outer punch base 122 are spaced apart, and a plurality of first adjustment components 130 are provided between the punch pressing piece 123 and the outer punch base 122. By adjusting the first adjustment components 130, the punch pressing piece 123 can be moved relative to the outer punch base 122, thereby adjusting the distance between a portion of the punch pressing piece 123 and the outer punch base 122. In this way, the curvature of the punch pressing piece 123 can be adjusted. In addition, the punch pressing piece 123 can be adjusted based on the difference between the first pressing surface 1231 and the curved forming surface 1121 caused by the thermal expansion of the inner and outer punches, thereby achieving a good match and transition between the inner and outer punches, thereby improving the glass forming effect.

[0078] like Figure 7 As shown, further, each first adjustment component 130 includes a fixed rod 131, a movable sleeve 132 and a locking piece 133, one end of the fixed rod 131 is fixedly connected to the punch pressing sheet 123, and the fixed rod 131 is provided with an external thread; the movable sleeve 132 is rotatably connected to the outer punch base 122, and the movable sleeve 132 is threadedly connected to the fixed rod 131; at least one locking piece 133 is provided at each end of the movable sleeve 132, the locking piece 133 is connected to the fixed rod 131, and the locking piece 133 applies a pre-tightening force to the movable sleeve 132 to limit the rotation of the movable sleeve 132 relative to the outer punch base 122.

[0079] The fixed rod 131 can be fixed to the punch pressing piece 123 by welding or threading. A plurality of spaced mounting holes 1222 are provided along the circumference of the outer punch base 122. The movable sleeve 132 is rotatably mounted within the mounting holes 1222 so that the movable sleeve 132 can rotate relative to the outer punch base 122. The movable sleeve 132 is provided with an internal thread and is threadedly connected to the fixed rod 131. When the movable sleeve 132 is rotated, it can move axially along the fixed rod 131, thereby adjusting the distance between the punch pressing piece 123 and the outer punch base 122.

[0080] In this embodiment, the locking members 133 are nuts, and nuts are provided at both ends of the movable sleeve 132. When the distance between the punch pressing piece 123 and the outer punch base 122 is adjusted to a preset position, the locking members 133 at both ends can be screwed to clamp the movable sleeve 132, thereby limiting the rotation of the movable sleeve 132 relative to the outer punch base 122, thereby ensuring that the curvature of the punch pressing piece 123 remains unchanged after adjustment, thereby ensuring reliability during glass molding.

[0081] like Figure 1As shown, in one embodiment, the punch 100 also includes a second adjusting component 150, the second adjusting component 150 includes a movable head 151 and a transmission rod, the movable head 151 is rotatably connected to the second ear plate 1221; the transmission rod is provided with an external thread, the transmission rod is fixedly connected to the movable end of the cylinder 140, and the movable head 151 is threadedly connected to the transmission rod; wherein, when the movable head 151 rotates relative to the second ear plate 1221, the movable head 151 can move along the axial direction of the transmission rod to adjust the distance between the outer punch base 122 and the mold base 111.

[0082] By rotatably connecting the movable head 151 to the second lug 1221 and threadedly connecting the movable head 151 to the transmission rod, the movable head 151 can be rotated to move along the axis of the transmission rod, thereby adjusting the distance between the outer punch base 122 and the die base 111, and thus adjusting the height difference between the first pressing surface 1231 and the curved forming surface 1121. For example, when the movable head 151 is moved to the end of the transmission rod away from the movable end of the cylinder 140, when the outer punch base 122 moves to the extreme position toward the die 200, the height difference between the first pressing surface 1231 and the curved forming surface 1121 is 50 mm; when the movable head 151 is moved 10 mm along the axis of the transmission rod toward the movable end of the cylinder 140, when the outer punch base 122 moves to the extreme position toward the die 200, the height difference between the first pressing surface 1231 and the curved forming surface 1121 is 40 mm. In this way, the outer punch's limit of movement can be changed, thereby varying the pressing distance between the glass and the outer punch 120 during the pressing process. This allows the punch 100 provided in this embodiment to be suitable for pressing glass with different signal characteristics. The above structure allows the height difference between the outer punch and the inner punch 110 to be adjusted, allowing the punch 100 to be adjusted based on the spherical surface of the glass. For example, when the glass spherical surface is large, the height difference can be increased, while when the glass spherical surface is small, the height difference can be decreased, thereby ensuring the pressing effect.

[0083] It is understood that the transmission rod is provided with external threads, and the transmission rod and the movable end of the cylinder 140 can be fixed by threads or welded. At least one locking nut 152 is provided at each end of the movable head 151 on the transmission rod. After the movable head 151 moves to a preset position, the locking nut 152 at each end is tightened to lock the movable head 151. This ensures that for the same model of formed glass 300, the distance between the outer punch base 122 and the mold base 111 remains constant, thereby maintaining the distance between the first pressing surface 1231 and the curved forming surface 1121, thereby ensuring the reliability of glass pressing.

[0084] like Figures 1 to 8As shown, one embodiment of the present invention also provides a multi-stage forming mold. The multi-stage forming mold includes the aforementioned male mold 100 and female mold 200. The female mold 200 cooperates with the male mold 100 to compress the glass 300 to be formed to produce curved glass. By applying the aforementioned male mold 100 to the multi-stage forming mold, the edges of the glass are first brought into contact with the male mold 100, resulting in the most curved portion of the glass being bent and formed first, with wrinkles spreading toward the center. The middle portion, with its lesser curvature, is then compressed. Due to the smaller curvature in the middle of the glass, wrinkles are effectively flattened, meeting the production requirements of large spherical front face products exceeding 30 mm. This reduces the risk of wrinkles forming at the edges of the formed glass 300. In the present invention, the distance between the male mold pressing plate 123 and the outer mold base 122 is adjustable, allowing the curvature of the first pressing surface 1231 to be adjusted. This ensures a good match and transition between the pressing surfaces of the inner and outer molds 110 and 122, thereby improving the pressing conditions of the glass sheet.

[0085] In one embodiment, the die 200 includes a die base 210 and a die 200 pressing sheet 220, the die base 210 is used to be fixedly connected to the movable die of the press; the die pressing sheet 220 is connected to the die base 210, and the die pressing sheet 220 has a second pressing surface 221 that matches the first pressing surface 1231, and the second pressing surface 221 is a concave surface; wherein, the distance between the die pressing sheet 220 and the die base 210 is adjustable so that the curvature of the second pressing surface 221 is adjustable.

[0086] In this embodiment, the die base 210 is fixedly connected to the movable ram of the press, so that the movable ram drives the die base 210 to move relative to the punch 100. A die pressing plate 220 is connected to the die base 210, so that the die base 210 drives the die pressing plate 220 to move relative to the punch 100. A second pressing surface 221 is provided on the die pressing plate 220, so that the second pressing surface 221, which matches the first pressing surface 1231, can be used to press the glass 300 to be formed. In this embodiment, the distance between the die pressing plate 220 and the die base 210 is adjustable, so that the curvature of the second pressing surface 221 can be adjusted, thereby matching the curvature of the second pressing surface 221 with the curvature of the first pressing surface 1231.

[0087] Specifically, a first adjustment assembly 130 is provided between the die pressing sheet 220 and the die base 210, and a plurality of first adjustment assemblies 130 are arranged at intervals along the circumference of the die base 210. One end of a fixed rod 131 is fixedly connected to the die pressing sheet 220, and the fixed rod 131 is provided with an external thread. A movable sleeve 132 is rotatably connected to the die base 210, and the movable sleeve 132 is threadedly connected to the fixed rod 131. Locking members 133 are provided at both ends of the movable sleeve 132 on the fixed rod 131. The movable sleeve 132 is locked by the movable sleeve 132, so that after the movable sleeve 132 is adjusted to a preset position, it is locked by the locking members 133, thereby fixing the relative position of the die pressing sheet 220 and the die base 210 to ensure the reliability of glass pressing.

[0088] Reference Figures 9 to 13 It is understood that an embodiment of the present invention further provides a glass forming method, which uses the above multi-stage forming mold to form the glass, and the glass forming method includes:

[0089] S100, the outer punch is placed on the inner punch 110, as shown in FIG. Figure 9 As shown, the inner punch 110 is retracted into the outer punch; at the initial stage of pressing, the inner punch 110 is retracted into the outer punch so that the first pressing surface 1231 on the punch pressing piece 123 first contacts the curved forming surface 1121 of the inner punch 110 and the glass 300 to be formed, so as to prepare for the first pressing surface 1231 and the second pressing surface 221 of the die 200 to jointly press the glass 300 to be formed.

[0090] It can be understood that before retracting the outer punch into the outer punch, the temperature of the inner and outer punches is first raised to 500-600°C, and the air flow or pressure of the cylinder 140 is adjusted so that the pulling force of the cylinder 140 at this time is greater than the weight of the outer punch, thereby stretching the outer punch to the highest point.

[0091] Before the glass to be formed 300 is extruded and pressed, it is necessary to heat and soften the glass to be formed 300. Specifically, after the glass to be formed 300 is heated and softened in the heating furnace, the heated and softened glass plate is transported to between the concave mold 200 and the punch 100 through the transmission mechanism, and then the air flow of the cylinder 140 is adjusted to move the outer punch toward the groove, thereby causing the inner punch 110 to retract into the outer punch.

[0092] Specifically, in one embodiment, the outer punch is placed on the inner punch 110, and the inner punch 110 is retracted into the outer punch, including:

[0093] S110. Adjust the air pressure of the cylinder 140 connected to the inner punch 110 and the outer punch base 122 so that the pulling force G2 of the cylinder 140 on the outer punch base 122 is smaller than the weight G1 of the outer punch. Under the action of gravity, the outer punch moves toward the die 200 so that there is a height difference between the first pressing surface 1231 and the curved forming surface 1121.

[0094] By adjusting the air flow of the cylinder 140, the pulling force of the cylinder 140 on the outer punch base 122 can be adjusted, so that the outer punch moves toward the direction close to the die 200 under the action of its own gravity. The structure is simple and easy to adjust and control.

[0095] In addition, before the outer punch is placed over the inner punch 110 and the inner punch 110 is retracted into the outer punch, the process also includes adjusting the distance between the punch pressing piece 123 and the outer punch base 122, as well as the distance between the die pressing piece 220 and the die base 210, to match the curvature of the first pressing surface 1231 and the second pressing surface 221. Through these steps, the matching and transition between the pressing surfaces of the inner punch 110 and the outer punch are significantly improved, thereby improving the pressing state of the glass sheet.

[0096] S200, placing the glass 300 to be formed on the second pressing surface 221 of the concave mold 200, and the glass 300 to be formed is moved toward the direction close to the convex mold 100 by the concave mold 200 until it contacts the first pressing surface 1231, as shown in FIG. Figure 10 As shown, the glass 300 to be formed is formed at its peripheral portion under the joint extrusion of the first pressing surface 1231 and the second pressing surface 221 .

[0097] The die 200 is moved toward the punch 100 by the press's active ram. Specifically, the active ram can be driven by a pneumatic cylinder 140 or a hydraulic cylinder. Because the peripheral portion of the glass to be formed is more curved, the first pressing surface 1231 and the second pressing surface 221 are used to press the peripheral portion of the glass 300 to be formed. This bends the most curved portion of the glass first, causing wrinkles to spread toward the center. However, because the curvature of the glass in the center is smaller, wrinkles can be effectively smoothed, meeting the production requirements of large spherical front face products with diameters exceeding 30 mm.

[0098] Specifically, when the peripheral portion of the glass 300 to be formed is formed by the joint extrusion of the first pressing surface 1231 and the second pressing surface 221 , the pressure G0 on the first pressing surface 1231 applied to the glass 300 to be formed is equal to G1 − G2 .

[0099] The size of the airflow from the hole to the cylinder 140 is used to control the difference in force between the gravity of the outer punch and the pulling force of the cylinder 140. As a result, for different types of glass, the size of the pressure applied to the glass can be adjusted by the pulling force of the cylinder 140 on the outer punch, thereby ensuring the pressing effect of the glass.

[0100] S300, drive the outer punch to move away from the die 200, so that the inner punch 110 is exposed in the through hole 121 of the outer punch. Figure 11 As shown, the outer male mold is separated from the glass to be formed 300 and the female mold 200.

[0101] Specifically, driving the outer punch to move away from the die 200 so that the inner punch 110 is exposed from the through hole 121 of the outer punch includes:

[0102] S310. Adjust the air pressure of the cylinder 140 connected to the inner punch 110 and the outer punch base 122 so that the pulling force G3 of the cylinder 140 on the outer punch base 122 is greater than the weight G1 of the outer punch, so that the outer punch base 122 moves away from the die 200 under the pulling force of the cylinder 140.

[0103] By adjusting the air pressure of the cylinder 140, the tension applied by the cylinder 140 on the outer punch base 122 is greater than the weight of the outer punch, thereby moving the outer punch away from the die 200, so that the middle position of the shaped glass 300 is then squeezed and pressed only by the inner punch 110 and the die 200.

[0104] S400, the glass 300 to be formed is driven by the concave mold 200 and continues to move toward the direction of the convex mold 100 until it contacts the curved forming surface 1121. Figure 12 As shown, the glass to be formed 300 is formed into a curved glass under the joint extrusion of the inner male mold 110 and the female mold 200.

[0105] During use, the male mold 100, multi-stage forming mold, and glass forming method provided by the present invention adjust the distance between the male mold pressing sheet 123 and the outer male mold base 122 according to the curvature of the glass 300 to be formed, thereby aligning the curvature of the first pressing surface 1231 on the male mold pressing sheet 123 with the curvature of the desired curved glass. Similarly, the distance between the female mold pressing sheet 220 and the female mold base 210 is adjusted to align the curved shapes of the second pressing surface 221 and the first pressing surface 1231. Furthermore, the height difference between the first pressing surface 1231 and the curved forming surface 1121 is adjusted to a predetermined height by adjusting the distance between the outer male mold base 122 and the mold base 111 of the inner male mold 110. The glass 300 to be formed can then be pressed according to the glass forming method.

[0106] The technical features of the above-mentioned embodiments can be combined arbitrarily. In order to make the description concise, not all possible combinations of the technical features in the above-mentioned embodiments are described. However, as long as there is no contradiction in the combination of these technical features, they should be considered to be within the scope of this specification.

[0107] The above-described embodiments merely illustrate several implementations of the present invention, and while their descriptions are relatively specific and detailed, they should not be construed as limiting the scope of the patent. It should be noted that a person skilled in the art would be able to make numerous variations and improvements without departing from the spirit of the present invention, all of which fall within the scope of protection of the present invention. Therefore, the scope of protection of the patent for this invention shall be determined by the appended claims.

Claims

1. A punch, characterized in that: The punch comprises: an inner punch having a curved forming surface; The outer punch is configured with a through hole for the inner punch to pass through, and the outer punch is sleeved outside the inner punch; The outer punch comprises an outer punch base and a punch pressing piece, the punch pressing piece having a curved first pressing surface, the first pressing surface and the curved forming surface being able to be assembled to form a complete forming convex surface, the punch pressing piece being connected to the outer punch base, and the distance between the punch pressing piece and the outer punch base being adjustable so that the curvature of the first pressing surface is adjustable; The outer punch base is movably connected to the inner punch, and the outer punch base can move relative to the inner punch.

2. The punch according to claim 1, wherein: The punch further comprises: Multiple first adjustment components are arranged at circumferential intervals along the outer punch base, and the two ends of each first adjustment component are respectively connected to the outer punch base and the punch pressing sheet, and the end of each first adjustment component connected to the punch pressing sheet can be moved relative to the outer punch base to adjust the distance between the punch pressing sheet and the outer punch base.

3. The punch according to claim 2, characterized in that Each of the first adjustment components includes: A fixing rod, one end of which is fixedly connected to the male mold pressing piece, and the fixing rod is provided with an external thread; A movable sleeve is rotatably connected to the outer punch base, and the movable sleeve is threadedly connected to the fixed rod; A locking piece, at least one of which is provided at each end of the movable sleeve, the locking piece being connected to the fixing rod, and applying a pre-tightening force to the movable sleeve to limit the rotation of the movable sleeve relative to the outer punch base.

4. The punch according to claim 1, wherein: The inner punch comprises: A die base, the die base being used for fixed connection with the press; A mold core is fixedly connected to the side of the mold base facing away from the press; In which, a plurality of first ear plates arranged at intervals are provided on the circumferential side of the mold base, and a second ear plate corresponding to the first ear plate is provided on the circumferential side of the outer punch base. The first ear plate and the second ear plate are connected by a driving mechanism so that the outer punch base can move relative to the mold base under the drive of the driving mechanism.

5. The punch according to claim 4, characterized in that The driving mechanism is a cylinder, the cylinder shell is fixedly connected to the first ear plate, the movable end of the cylinder is fixedly connected to the second ear plate, and the airflow in the cylinder body of the cylinder is adjustable.

6. The punch according to claim 5, characterized in that The male mold further includes a second adjustment component, the second adjustment component including: a movable head rotatably connected to the second ear plate; A transmission rod is provided with an external thread, the transmission rod is fixedly connected to the movable end of the cylinder, and the movable head is threadedly connected to the transmission rod; When the movable head rotates relative to the second ear plate, the movable head can move along the axial direction of the transmission rod to adjust the distance between the outer punch base and the mold base.

7. A multi-stage forming die, characterized in that: The multi-stage forming mold includes the male mold and the female mold according to any one of claims 1 to 6, and the female mold is used to cooperate with the male mold to extrude the glass to be formed to obtain curved glass.

8. The multi-stage forming die according to claim 7, characterized in that: The concave mold comprises: The die base is used for fixed connection with the movable pressing head of the press; A concave die pressing sheet connected to the concave die base, the concave die pressing sheet having a second pressing surface matching the first pressing surface, the second pressing surface being a concave surface; The distance between the concave die pressing sheet and the concave die base is adjustable so that the curvature of the second pressing surface is adjustable.

9. A glass forming method, characterized in that: The glass forming method is formed by using the multi-stage forming mold according to claim 8, and the glass forming method includes: The outer convex mold is sleeved on the inner convex mold, and the inner convex mold is retracted into the outer convex mold; Placing the glass to be formed on the second pressing surface of the concave mold, and moving the glass to be formed toward the convex mold until it contacts the first pressing surface under the drive of the concave mold, so that the peripheral portion of the glass to be formed is formed under the joint extrusion of the first pressing surface and the second pressing surface; driving the outer punch to move away from the female die so that the inner punch is exposed from the through hole of the outer punch; Driven by the concave mold, the glass to be formed continues to move toward the convex mold until it contacts the curved forming surface. The glass to be formed is formed into the curved glass under the joint extrusion of the inner convex mold and the concave mold.

10. The glass forming method according to claim 9, wherein: Before the outer convex mold is sleeved on the inner convex mold and the inner convex mold is retracted into the outer convex mold, the method further comprises: The distance between the male die pressing piece and the outer male die base, and the distance between the female die pressing piece and the female die base are adjusted so that the curvatures of the first pressing surface and the second pressing surface match.

11. The glass forming method according to claim 9, wherein: The outer convex mold is sleeved on the inner convex mold, and the inner convex mold is retracted into the outer convex mold, comprising: Adjust the air pressure of the cylinder connected to the inner punch and the outer punch base so that the pulling force G2 of the cylinder on the outer punch base is less than the weight G1 of the outer punch. Under the action of gravity, the outer punch moves toward the direction close to the die so that there is a height difference between the first pressing surface and the curved forming surface.

12. The glass forming method according to claim 11, wherein: When the peripheral portion of the glass to be formed is formed by the joint extrusion of the first pressing surface and the second pressing surface, the pressure G0 on the first pressing surface applied to the glass to be formed is equal to G1-G2.

13. The glass forming method according to claim 9, wherein: The step of driving the outer punch to move away from the female die so that the inner punch is exposed from the through hole of the outer punch comprises: Adjust the air pressure of the cylinder connected to the inner punch and the outer punch base so that the pulling force G3 of the cylinder on the outer punch base is greater than the weight G1 of the outer punch, so that the outer punch base moves away from the die under the pulling force of the cylinder.

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