A semi-active controlled friction pendulum isolation bearing based on kinetic energy recovery principle

Abstract

A semi-actively controlled friction pendulum seismic isolation bearing based on the kinetic energy recovery principle of the present invention comprises a bearing base plate, a bearing middle plate and a bearing upper cover which are arranged in sequence from bottom to top, a group of parallel spring damping racks are arranged between the bearing base plate and the bearing middle plate, and between the bearing middle plate and the bearing upper cover, respectively, a damping gear which cooperates with the spring damping rack is arranged at the lower end of the spring damping rack, a motor reduction device is installed on both sides of the bearing base plate and the bearing middle plate where the spring damping rack is arranged, and the damping gear is connected to the reducer in the motor reduction device through a gear transmission shaft. The friction pendulum seismic isolation bearing of the present invention adopts an electric motor to apply a bidirectional controllable damping force through a reducer, adjusts the damping force under different types of earthquakes, avoids resonance damage, solves the problem of displacement exceeding the limit of the seismic isolation bearing, dissipates seismic energy, reduces damage to structures and components, and adopts kinetic energy recovery technology to utilize seismic energy.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of earthquake prevention and disaster reduction in civil engineering, and in particular to a novel semi-actively controlled friction pendulum seismic isolation bearing based on the kinetic energy recovery principle. Background Art

[0002] As an effective means of earthquake disaster reduction, seismic isolation technology prolongs the vibration period of the structure by adding seismic isolation bearings, thereby reducing the impact of earthquake action and concentrating the deformation of the structure on the seismic isolation layer, effectively reducing the degree of damage to the upper structure and non-structural components. However, seismic isolation structures may face challenges when facing some special types of ground motions. For example, when encountering far-field long-period ground motions with rich low-frequency components or near-fault pulse-type ground motions, seismic isolation structures are prone to quasi-resonance effects, resulting in excessive displacement of seismic isolation bearings, which in turn affects their shock absorption effect. At the same time, under the action of strong earthquakes that exceed the design expectations, seismic isolation bearings may fail, causing damage to the function of the seismic isolation system and even structural damage. Therefore, in order to improve the overall toughness and seismic resistance of seismic isolation structures, it is necessary to continuously study and improve seismic isolation technology; optimize the design of seismic isolation bearings, enhance the overall seismic resistance of the structure, and establish a sound monitoring and maintenance mechanism to ensure that seismic isolation structures can effectively play their role in disaster reduction in earthquake events and reduce casualties and property losses.

[0003] In order to solve the above problems and further promote the application of seismic isolation technology, an effective idea is to use an innovative seismic isolation device that combines active control and seismic isolation technology. Unlike traditional seismic isolation bearings, semi-active control seismic isolation bearings have the ability to sense the vibration state of the structure and actively adjust the shock absorption effect. This type of bearing usually includes a controllable device and a control system (algorithm). The control system (algorithm) contains sensors for monitoring the vibration response of the structure and transmitting the data to the control algorithm. The control system dynamically adjusts the seismic isolation bearing according to real-time vibration information to achieve precise control of structural vibration.

[0004] Therefore, it is necessary to design reasonable seismic isolation bearings according to the seismic characteristics of high-rise base isolation structures under the above special earthquake motions, reduce the degree of structural and component damage under the above special earthquake motions, and adjust or change the dynamic characteristics or dynamic effects of the structure, thereby providing a safe and effective way for structural seismic resistance.

[0005] Common seismic isolation bearings include rubber seismic isolation bearings, lead rubber bearings or sliding seismic isolation bearings, etc. Their working principle is to use seismic isolation devices to convert the sway of buildings during earthquakes into displacements of buildings relative to the ground. Through the advantages of rigidity and flexibility of seismic isolation devices, the energy of the building body caused by earthquakes is absorbed, which greatly reduces the distortion and sway of buildings, thereby reducing damage to structures and components. This type of seismic isolation bearing can effectively reduce horizontal earthquake effects, withstand large vertical loads, extend the structural period, and has a good seismic isolation effect.

[0006] Friction pendulum isolation bearings are a type of seismic isolation device commonly used in structures such as buildings and bridges to reduce structural vibrations caused by earthquakes. Its basic principle is to use friction and swinging action to consume seismic energy, thereby reducing the seismic impact on the structure. This type of seismic isolation bearing usually consists of a bearing and a friction surface. The bearing can be a base, and the friction surface covers the base and the structure. When an earthquake occurs, the structure vibrates, and the friction surface of the friction pendulum isolation bearing generates friction, which limits the vibration amplitude of the structure and absorbs the seismic energy, thereby protecting the structure from serious damage. One of the advantages of friction pendulum isolation bearings is their relatively simple design and installation, while having high reliability and durability. In addition, they can be adjusted according to the needs of the structure to achieve a more precise seismic isolation effect.

[0007] Kinetic energy recovery technology is commonly used in mechanical equipment, aiming to effectively utilize kinetic energy to convert it into other forms of energy in order to achieve energy conservation and reuse. In the automotive field, kinetic energy recovery systems are commonly seen in brake energy recovery technology, which utilizes the kinetic energy of the wheels during braking, converts it into electrical energy and stores it in the battery for subsequent use by the vehicle, thereby improving the energy efficiency of the entire vehicle and extending the battery's range. In industrial production, kinetic energy recovery technology is also widely used in various deceleration mechanical equipment, elevators, and conveyor belts, etc., by capturing the kinetic energy generated during deceleration or stopping, and converting it into electrical energy or other forms of energy to reduce energy waste and improve the operating efficiency of equipment. The application of kinetic energy recovery technology helps to reduce dependence on traditional energy, reduce environmental pollution, improve energy efficiency, and have a positive impact on promoting sustainable development and environmental protection.

[0008] However, there are some problems with seismic isolation bearings at present, such as: the residual deformation of the seismic isolation bearing is large after multiple deformations, the damping ratio will decrease with the number of deformations, and its durability will deteriorate; under special earthquake motions, the seismic isolation bearings are prone to excessive displacement and structural resonance damage.

[0009] In view of this, this invention is proposed. Summary of the invention

[0010] The purpose of the present invention is to overcome the shortcomings of the above-mentioned prior art. The present invention provides a semi-active control friction pendulum seismic isolation bearing that effectively solves the problem of excessive displacement of seismic isolation bearings under special earthquake motions and the possible resonance problem of seismic isolation structures. Based on the kinetic energy recovery technology, the bidirectional displacement of the friction pendulum seismic support is decoupled and an electric motor is attached. According to the displacement, acceleration, speed and other indicators detected by the sensor during the earthquake, the control system adjusts the kinetic energy recovery force of the motor or the motor actively provides damping force when necessary, thereby realizing semi-active control. That is, semi-active control of the friction pendulum is realized by adjusting the kinetic energy recovery force of the motor or actively working.

[0011] To achieve the above object, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions:

[0012] The present invention provides a novel semi-active controlled friction pendulum seismic isolation bearing based on the principle of kinetic energy recovery, comprising a bearing base plate, a bearing middle plate and a bearing upper cover which are arranged in sequence from bottom to top, a group of parallel spring damping racks are respectively arranged between the bearing base plate and the bearing middle plate, and between the bearing middle plate and the bearing upper cover, a damping gear which cooperates with the spring damping rack for transmission is arranged at the lower end of the spring damping rack, a motor reduction device is installed on both sides of the bearing base plate and the bearing middle plate, and the damping gear is connected to the reducer in the motor reduction device through a gear transmission shaft.

[0013] Furthermore, the direction of the spring damping rack provided between the support bottom plate and the support middle plate is perpendicular to the direction of the spring damping rack provided between the support middle plate and the support upper cover.

[0014] Furthermore, the spring damping rack is composed of an upper limit groove and a lower limit groove with arc-shaped transmission teeth that clamp springs on both sides, and the upper limit groove is fixedly connected to the support middle plate or the support upper cover through a rack fixing screw.

[0015] Furthermore, the reed is fixed to the upper limit slot via a reed fixing screw, and a sliding state is maintained between the reed and the lower limit slot.

[0016] Furthermore, the leaf spring may be replaced by a spring or other device that can ensure effective meshing of the leaf spring damping rack and the damping gear, and the leaf spring contacting the lower limit groove may be replaced by a pulley or other device that can reduce friction loss.

[0017] Furthermore, a rotating shaft hole is set in the middle of the spring damping rack, and the rotating shaft hole is rotatably connected to the fixed shafts set on both sides of the support upper cover or the support middle plate. The spring damping rack is limited and rotated between the support middle plate and the support upper cover / support middle plate and the support bottom plate by setting a rotating shaft hole in the middle.

[0018] Furthermore, the lower surface of the support upper cover and the middle part of the lower surface of the support middle plate are both provided with downwardly protruding arc friction surfaces, and the upper surface of the support middle plate and the upper surface of the support bottom plate are correspondingly provided with mutually matching downwardly concave arc friction surfaces.

[0019] Furthermore, positioning grooves are provided on both sides of the arc-shaped friction surface corresponding to the upper surface of the support middle plate and the upper surface of the support bottom plate. Correspondingly, positioning parts that cooperate with the positioning grooves are provided on the lower surface of the support upper cover and the lower surface of the support middle plate, and a spring damping rack is installed between the arc-shaped friction surface and the positioning groove.

[0020] Furthermore, the motor reduction device is composed of electric motors arranged at both ends and a reducer connected in the middle.

[0021] Furthermore, the reducer is an automatic transmission structure with a fixed gear ratio or an adjustable gear ratio.

[0022] Furthermore, the friction pendulum isolation support is electrically connected to the control system, and the vibration electrical signal can be transmitted to the control system through the sensor module. The control system controls the output speed of the motor. The power supply adopts a dual power supply mode of battery and State Grid, and the power battery can be used as an energy storage equipment for kinetic energy recovery.

[0023] Furthermore, the sensor module may be another circuit control module that detects significant vibration or significant displacement of an object.

[0024] Furthermore, the power supply battery and the upper structure of the support may be fixed together by means of embedded parts, bolts or welding.

[0025] Furthermore, the electric motor can provide a large torque specification with sufficient damping force.

[0026] Furthermore, the materials of the damping gear, the motor transmission shaft, the gear transmission shaft and the reducer should have sufficient strength and rigidity.

[0027] The present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0028] 1. Compared with the traditional high-rise foundation isolation structure, the present invention designs a new type of semi-active controlled friction pendulum isolation bearing, adopts the design of horizontal orthogonal decoupling, uses an electric motor to apply bidirectional controllable damping force through a reducer, and adjusts the damping force under different types of earthquakes to avoid resonance damage, solve the problem of excessive displacement of the isolation bearing, dissipate earthquake energy, and reduce damage to structures and components; at the same time, the kinetic energy recovery technology is used to utilize earthquake energy to achieve green, low-carbon and environmental protection.

[0029] 2. After the semi-actively controlled friction pendulum isolation bearing of the present invention has fully consumed energy during an earthquake, when the earthquake ends, the relative positions of the three layers of the bearing are actively adjusted by the electric motor. The entire system can actively restore its initial position before the earthquake, so that the system can continue to exert its seismic isolation capabilities in subsequent aftershocks and minimize subsequent damage caused by aftershocks. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0030] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the semi-active control friction pendulum isolation support of the present invention;

[0031] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the side structure of the semi-active control friction pendulum isolation support of the present invention;

[0032] Figure 3 It is an AA cross-sectional view of the side surface of the semi-active control friction pendulum isolation support of the present invention;

[0033] Figure 4 It is a DD cross-sectional view of the side surface of the semi-active control friction pendulum isolation support of the present invention;

[0034] Figure 5 It is a structural schematic diagram of the spring damping rack of the present invention.

[0035] Among them: 1-support bottom plate; 2-support middle plate; 3-support upper cover; 4-motor; 41-motor transmission shaft; 5-reducer; 6-damping gear; 61-gear transmission shaft; 7-spring damping rack; 71-spring; 72-lower limit slot; 73-upper limit slot; 74-transmission gear; 75-rotating shaft hole; 76-spring fixing screw; 77-rack fixing screw. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0036] The semi-active controlled friction pendulum isolation bearing of the present invention will be further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

[0037] According to the attached Figure 1-5 As shown in the figure and the embodiments of the present invention, the present invention proposes a novel semi-active control friction pendulum seismic isolation bearing based on the principle of kinetic energy recovery, comprising a bearing base plate 1, a bearing middle plate 2 and a bearing upper cover 3 arranged in sequence from bottom to top, a group of parallel spring damping racks 7 are arranged between the bearing base plate 1 and the bearing middle plate 2, and between the bearing middle plate 2 and the bearing upper cover 3, respectively, and the direction of the spring damping rack 7 arranged between the bearing base plate 1 and the bearing middle plate 2 is perpendicular to the direction of the spring damping rack 7 arranged between the bearing middle plate 2 and the bearing upper cover 3. A damping gear 6 for transmission in cooperation with the spring damping rack 7 is arranged at the lower end of the spring damping rack 7, and a motor reduction device is installed on both sides of the spring damping rack 7 arranged on the bearing base plate 1 and the bearing middle plate 2, and the damping gear 6 is connected to the reducer 5 through a gear transmission shaft 61.

[0038] According to an embodiment of the present invention, referring to the attached Figure 2-4 As shown, the lower surface of the support upper cover 3 and the middle part of the lower surface of the support middle plate 2 are both provided with downwardly protruding arc-shaped friction surfaces, and the upper surface of the support middle plate 2 and the upper surface of the support bottom plate 1 are correspondingly provided with mutually matching downwardly concave arc-shaped friction surfaces. Positioning grooves are provided on both sides of the arc-shaped friction surfaces corresponding to the upper surface of the support middle plate 2 and the upper surface of the support bottom plate 1, and positioning parts that cooperate with the positioning grooves are provided on the lower surface of the support upper cover 3 and the lower surface of the support middle plate 2, and a spring damping rack 7 is installed between the arc-shaped friction surface and the positioning groove. The direction of the arcuate friction surface arranged on the upper surface of the support middle plate 2 is perpendicular to the direction of the arcuate friction surface arranged on the upper surface of the support bottom plate 1 in the horizontal plane. Furthermore, the direction of the spring damping rack 7 installed on the upper surface of the support middle plate 2 is perpendicular to the direction of the spring damping rack 7 installed on the upper surface of the support bottom plate 1 in the horizontal plane. The damping gear 6 arranged below the spring damping rack 7 and cooperating with the spring damping rack 7 for transmission is located on the upper surface of the support middle plate 2 and the upper surface of the support bottom plate 1, and the directions are also perpendicular to each other in the horizontal plane.

[0039] According to an embodiment of the present invention, Figure 5 As shown, the spring damping rack 7 is composed of an upper limit groove 73 and a lower limit groove 72 with an arc-shaped transmission tooth 74, which clamps the springs 71 on both sides. The lower limit groove 72 is a hollow structure, the purpose of which is to allow sufficient transmission space during the gear transmission process and prevent it from getting stuck. The two sides are designed as transmission teeth 74, and the transmission teeth 74 cooperate with the damping gear 6 for transmission. The upper limit groove 73 is fixedly connected to the lower surface of the support middle plate 2 or the support upper cover 3 through a rack fixing screw 77. The spring 7 is fixed to the upper limit groove 73 through a spring fixing screw 76, and the spring 71 and the lower limit groove 72 are kept in a sliding state. A rotating shaft hole 75 is provided in the middle of the spring damping rack 7, and the rotating shaft hole 75 is rotatably connected to the fixed shafts on both sides of the arc-shaped friction surface provided on the lower surface of the support upper cover 3 or the lower surface of the support middle plate 2. The spring damping rack 7 is limited and rotated between the support middle plate 2 and the support upper cover 3 / the support middle plate 2 and the support bottom plate 1 by providing the rotating shaft hole 75 in the middle. The function of this design is to ensure the rotation of the spring damping rack 7 in the vertical direction, and at the same time limit its displacement in the horizontal plane to avoid horizontal shaking and cause jamming.

[0040] According to an embodiment of the present invention, the reed 71 can be replaced by a spring or other device that can ensure the effective engagement of the reed damping rack 7 and the damping gear 6. The spring can ensure the effective engagement of the reed damping rack 7 and the damping gear 6.

[0041] According to an embodiment of the present invention, the contact between the reed 71 and the lower limit groove 72 can be replaced by a pulley or other devices capable of reducing friction loss. The pulley can reduce friction loss.

[0042] According to an embodiment of the present invention, the motor reduction device is composed of a motor 4 at each end and a reducer 5 connected in the middle, that is, a combination of two motors 4 connected in the middle and a reducer 5. The reducer 5 is an automatic transmission structure with a fixed gear ratio or an adjustable gear ratio. Figure 3 As shown, the damping gear 6 and the reducer gear are mounted on the gear transmission shaft 61, and the motor transmission shaft 41 is perpendicular to the horizontal direction of the gear transmission shaft 61. The motor 4 can provide a large torque specification with sufficient damping force.

[0043] According to an embodiment of the present invention, the friction pendulum isolation support is electrically connected to a control system, and the vibration electrical signal can be transmitted to the control system through a sensor module. The control system controls the magnitude of the damping torque output by the motor. The power supply battery can be used as an energy storage device for kinetic energy recovery and installed in the building structure. The power supply adopts a dual power supply mode of battery and State Grid. The battery, as an energy storage or power supply device, can not only supply power to the pendulum isolation device under special circumstances, but also store the electrical energy converted during the vibration process. The consolidation of the power supply battery and the building structure can be by setting embedded parts connection, bolt connection or welding. The control system of the present invention is provided with acceleration and displacement sensors, and a predictive control algorithm and an optimal control method are established according to the sensor data. An acceleration-displacement feedback method is adopted, and a control system model is established using tools such as MATLAB to achieve optimal control of isolation.

[0044] According to an embodiment of the present invention, the sensor module may be another circuit control module that detects significant vibration or significant displacement of an object.

[0045] According to the embodiment of the present invention, the materials of the damping gear 6, the motor transmission shaft 41, the gear transmission shaft 61 and the reducer 5 should have sufficient strength and rigidity.

[0046] According to the embodiment of the present invention, when an earthquake occurs, the sensors in the control system of the present invention collect acceleration, displacement and other data and submit them to the system control algorithm for processing. After obtaining the optimal damping force, the kinetic energy recovery force of the motor 4 installed on the support is adjusted, and the optimal damping force is amplified by the reducer 5 to form a damping force between the damping gear 6 and the spring damping rack 7, thereby realizing the adjustable damping force to achieve semi-active control. At the same time, the friction surfaces between the support upper cover 3, the support middle plate 2 and the support bottom plate 1 interact with each other to consume friction energy. After the earthquake, according to the relative position of the three-layer plate monitored by the sensor, the control system controls the motor transmission to push the three-layer plate to reset, thereby resetting the entire support.

[0047] The present invention discloses a novel friction pendulum seismic isolation bearing with semi-active control. Under the action of an earthquake, according to the displacement, acceleration, speed and other indicators detected by the sensor during the earthquake, the control system adjusts the kinetic energy recovery force of the motor or the motor actively provides damping force when necessary, thereby realizing semi-active control. This seismic isolation bearing decouples the bidirectional displacement of the friction pendulum seismic bearing and adds a motor, and applies kinetic energy recovery technology to prevent the displacement exceeding limit and resonance damage problems that may occur when the engineering structure encounters an earthquake exceeding the expected design intensity level or is affected by special types of seismic motion such as far-field long-period seismic motion and near-fault pulse-type seismic motion that are not fully considered during the design. It can effectively improve the seismic and disaster prevention capabilities of the engineering structure, and realize the utilization of seismic energy. The manufacturing and assembly methods are simple, and it has broad application prospects.

[0048] In the present invention, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, the terms "installed", "connected", "connected", "fixed" and the like should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium, it can be the internal connection of two elements or the interaction relationship between two elements. For ordinary technicians in this field, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood according to specific circumstances.

[0049] In the present invention, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, a first feature being "above" or "below" a second feature may mean that the first and second features are in direct contact, or the first and second features are in indirect contact through an intermediate medium. Moreover, a first feature being "above", "above" or "above" a second feature may mean that the first feature is directly above or obliquely above the second feature, or simply means that the first feature is higher in level than the second feature. A first feature being "below", "below" or "below" a second feature may mean that the first feature is directly below or obliquely below the second feature, or simply means that the first feature is lower in level than the second feature.

[0050] In the description of this specification, the description with reference to the terms "one embodiment", "some embodiments", "example", "specific example", or "some examples" etc. means that the specific features, structures, materials or characteristics described in conjunction with the embodiment or example are included in at least one embodiment or example of the present invention. In this specification, the schematic representations of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Moreover, the specific features, structures, materials or characteristics described may be combined in any one or more embodiments or examples in a suitable manner. In addition, those skilled in the art may combine and combine the different embodiments or examples described in this specification and the features of the different embodiments or examples, unless they are contradictory.

Claims

1. A semi-active control friction pendulum isolation support based on the principle of kinetic energy recovery, characterized in that: The invention comprises a support base plate (1), a support middle plate (2) and a support upper cover (3) which are arranged in sequence from bottom to top; a group of parallel spring damping racks (7) are arranged between the support base plate (1) and the support middle plate (2), and between the support middle plate (2) and the support upper cover (3), respectively; a damping gear (6) which cooperates with the spring damping racks (7) for transmission is arranged at the lower end of the spring damping racks (7); A motor reduction device is installed on both sides of the support base plate (1) and the support middle plate (2) where the spring damping rack (7) is arranged, and the damping gear (6) is connected to the reducer (5) in the motor reduction device via a gear transmission shaft (61); The direction of the spring damping rack (7) arranged between the support bottom plate (1) and the support middle plate (2) is perpendicular to the direction of the spring damping rack (7) arranged between the support middle plate (2) and the support upper cover (3); The spring damping rack (7) is composed of an upper limit groove (73) and a lower limit groove (72) with arc-shaped transmission teeth (74) that clamp springs (71) on both sides, and the upper limit groove (73) is fixedly connected to the support middle plate (2) or the support upper cover (3) through a rack fixing screw (77); The leaf spring (71) is fixed to the upper limit groove (73) by a leaf spring fixing screw (76), and a sliding state is maintained between the leaf spring (71) and the lower limit groove (72); the leaf spring (71) is a spring or other device capable of ensuring effective meshing of the leaf spring damping rack (7) and the damping gear (6), and the leaf spring (71) and the lower limit groove (72) are in contact with a pulley or other device capable of reducing friction loss; a rotating shaft hole (75) is provided in the middle of the leaf spring damping rack (7), and the rotating shaft hole (75) is rotatably connected to fixed shafts provided on both sides of the support upper cover (3) or the support middle plate (2); the leaf spring damping rack (7) is limited and rotated between the support middle plate (2) and the support upper cover (3) / the support middle plate (2) and the support bottom plate (1) by providing a rotating shaft hole (75) in the middle.

2. The semi-active control friction pendulum isolation support based on the kinetic energy recovery principle according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The lower surface of the support upper cover (3) and the middle part of the lower surface of the support middle plate (2) are both provided with downwardly convex arc-shaped friction surfaces, while the upper surface of the support middle plate (2) and the upper surface of the support bottom plate (1) are correspondingly provided with mutually matching downwardly concave arc-shaped friction surfaces.

3. The semi-active control friction pendulum isolation support based on the kinetic energy recovery principle according to claim 1 is characterized in that: Positioning grooves are provided on both sides of the arc-shaped friction surface corresponding to the upper surface of the support middle plate (2) and the upper surface of the support bottom plate (1), and a spring damping rack (7) is installed between the arc-shaped friction surface and the positioning groove.

4. The semi-active control friction pendulum isolation support based on the kinetic energy recovery principle according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The motor reduction device is composed of electric motors (4) arranged at both ends and a reducer (5) connected in the middle.

5. The semi-active control friction pendulum isolation support based on the kinetic energy recovery principle according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The reducer (5) is an automatic transmission structure with a fixed gear ratio or an adjustable gear ratio.

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