A sampling device for regional environmental background soil samples

Abstract

The present invention provides a sampling device for regional environmental background soil samples, comprising a connecting mechanism, wherein the connecting mechanism comprises a plurality of screws spliced ​​and assembled with each other, the surface of the screws being connected to a driving mechanism for driving the spiral drill bit to rotate rapidly into a soil layer; a sampling mechanism for extracting deep soil samples is installed at the bottom end of the connecting mechanism, wherein the sampling mechanism comprises a fixed head and a fixed ring, wherein the fixed head and the side walls of the fixed ring are symmetrically rotated and connected to a first rhombus-shaped connecting rod, wherein the first connecting rod is hinged at the connection, and a blade having a triangular side wall is installed on the side wall of the first connecting rod; a collecting mechanism for collecting soil samples is arranged at the bottom end of the sampling mechanism, and a sealing mechanism for preventing other soil from mixing into the soil samples is installed on the surface of the collecting mechanism; the sampling device for regional environmental background soil samples provided by the present invention has the advantages of being convenient for rapidly extracting deep soil samples and improving the accuracy of soil samples.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of regional environmental background investigation, and in particular to a sampling device for regional environmental background soil samples. Background Art

[0002] Regional environment refers to the natural environment or social environment that occupies a specific geographical space and is the sum of natural and social factors within a certain geographical area. The purpose of dividing the regional environment is to conduct regional comparisons and to solve and study relevant environmental issues according to the characteristics of each region. In the process of studying the soil in the regional environment, it is necessary to first understand the soil background value in the regional environment.

[0003] Soil background value is also called soil background value. It represents the characteristic value of a statistic in a certain environmental unit. Background value refers to the normal content of elements in various natural bodies under normal geographical and geochemical conditions in each region. In environmental science, soil background value refers to the content of elements in soil that is not or less affected by human activities and is not polluted or damaged.

[0004] When conducting a soil background value survey, since the soil samples taken are uncontaminated or less polluted and damaged, the sampling sites are generally remote and far away from human activity areas. It is difficult for samplers to carry large sampling equipment. When extracting soil samples with a depth greater than 1 meter, samplers need to manually use drill rods to dig deep holes to extract deep soil samples, which is time-consuming and laborious, and the sampling efficiency is low. In addition, during the sampling process, the soil inside the borehole is prone to fall down into the soil of the sampling layer, or be mixed with soil from other depths during the drilling process, resulting in the extracted samples being mixed with soil from other soil layers, reducing the accuracy of the analysis conclusion of the soil background value.

[0005] Therefore, it is necessary to provide a new sampling device for regional environmental background soil samples to solve the above technical problems. Summary of the invention

[0006] The technical problem solved by the invention is to provide a sampling device for regional environmental background soil samples, which is convenient for quickly extracting deep soil samples and improving the accuracy of soil samples.

[0007] In order to solve the above technical problems, the sampling device for regional environmental background soil samples provided by the present invention includes: a connecting mechanism, the connecting mechanism includes a plurality of screws assembled and spliced ​​with each other, a handle is installed at the top end of the screw, and a spiral drill bit for drilling holes in the soil layer is installed at the bottom end of the screw, and the surface of the screw is connected to a driving mechanism for driving the spiral drill bit to rotate rapidly into the soil layer; a sampling mechanism for extracting deep soil samples is installed at the bottom end of the connecting mechanism, and the sampling mechanism includes a fixed head and a fixed ring, and the side walls of the fixed head and the fixed ring are symmetrically rotatably connected to a first connecting rod in a diamond shape, the first connecting rod is hinged at the connection, and a blade with a triangular side wall is installed on the side wall of the first connecting rod; the bottom end of the fixed head is fixedly connected An adjusting rod, wherein the adjusting rod is threadedly connected to the supporting rod, and the top end of the supporting rod is rotatably connected to the fixing ring; a collecting mechanism for collecting soil samples is arranged at the bottom end of the sampling mechanism, and a closing mechanism for preventing other soil from mixing into the soil samples is installed on the surface of the collecting mechanism, and the closing mechanism comprises a cover plate, and the surface of the collecting mechanism is symmetrically rotatably connected to the cover plate, and a sliding rod is fixed to the interior of the collecting mechanism through a second connecting rod, and the interior of the sliding rod is slidably connected to a compression block, and the compression block and the cover plate are connected by a steel wire; the top end of the sliding rod is fixedly connected to the supporting rod, and the interiors of the sliding rod, the adjusting rod, the supporting rod, the screw rod and the handle are slidably connected to a prism, and the prism contacts the surface of the compression block.

[0008] Preferably, one end of the screw and the handle are fixedly connected to the first joint, and the other end of the screw is fixedly connected to the second joint, and the first joint is slidably connected to the second joint and the interior of the fixed head; the interior of the first joint is symmetrically provided with grooves, and the interior of the groove is slidably connected to a block with a "T"-shaped side wall, and a spring is installed inside the groove, and both ends of the spring are fixedly connected to the block, and a plurality of the blocks are respectively engaged with the second joint and the interior of the fixed head.

[0009] Preferably, the driving mechanism includes a box body and a bracket, the box body engages with the surface of the bracket, and the knob is threadedly connected to the box body and the bracket; a fixing rod is fixedly connected to the center of the interior of the box body, the interior of the fixing rod is threadedly connected to the screw rod, and the height of the fixing rod is greater than the sum of the heights of the first joint and the second joint.

[0010] Preferably, the driving mechanism also includes a support ring, which is rotatably connected to the fixed rod, and the top end of the support ring is symmetrically threadedly connected to the two extrusion rods, and the extrusion rods are in contact with the side walls of the handle; the bottom end of the support ring is fixedly connected to the first gear, the first gear is meshed with the second gear, and the diameter of the second gear is larger than the diameter of the first gear; the support ring, the first gear and the second gear are rotatably connected inside the box, and a crank is installed on one end of the second gear.

[0011] Preferably, the collecting mechanism includes a collecting cylinder, the interior of which is symmetrically inclined and fixedly connected to the second connecting rod, the bottom end of the collecting cylinder engages with a drill bit with a conical bottom end, the side wall of the drill bit is threadedly connected to the limiting rod, and the limiting rod abuts against the side wall of the collecting cylinder.

[0012] Preferably, the maximum diameter of the drill bit is equal to the inner diameter of the drill hole, and the diameter of the collecting cylinder is smaller than the maximum diameter of the drill bit.

[0013] Preferably, the surface of the collecting cylinder is rotatably connected to the cover plate, and the cover plates are in contact with each other and then tilted and located above the collecting cylinder.

[0014] Preferably, the top end of the collecting cylinder is fixedly connected to a mounting block, the interior of the mounting block is rotatably connected to a rotating shaft, and the rotating shaft is fixed to the side wall of the cover plate; a torsion spring is mounted on the side wall of the rotating shaft, and the two ends of the torsion spring are respectively fixedly connected to the rotating shaft and the mounting block.

[0015] Preferably, the interior of the top end of the sliding rod is in a hexagonal prism structure, and the prism is engaged with the interior of the top end of the sliding rod; the prism is staggered with the block inside the first joint, and the prism is slidably connected to the interior of the first joint.

[0016] Compared with the related art, the sampling device for regional environmental background soil samples provided by the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0017] The present invention provides a sampling device for regional environmental background soil samples. When deep soil samples need to be extracted, the screws are spliced ​​with each other through joints, the spiral drill bit is fixed to the bottom end of the screw through the joint, the screw is connected to the driving mechanism, and then the handle is installed on the top of the screw. By turning to the driving mechanism, the driving mechanism drives the screw and the spiral drill bit to rotate downward into the soil layer, and a borehole is opened in the soil layer. The depth of the borehole is about 30 centimeters greater than the depth of the sampling layer; through the assembled driving mechanism and the connecting mechanism, a borehole can be opened in the soil layer quickly, labor-saving and conveniently, so as to extract soil background value for analysis. Soil sample; when the drilling is completed, the spiral drill bit is removed from the bottom end of the screw, the fixed head is fixed to the bottom end of the screw through a joint, the collecting mechanism, the sampling mechanism and the screw are placed in the borehole, the screw is rotated, the screw drives the fixed head and the adjusting rod to rotate, the adjusting rod rotates into the interior of the support rod, the distance between the fixed head and the support rod becomes closer and closer, so that the first rhombus-shaped first connecting rod rotates toward the side wall of the borehole, so that the first connecting rod drives the blade to enter the soil to be sampled, and while the width of the first connecting rod increases, the fixed head drives the The first connecting rod and the blade rotate with the adjusting rod as the axis, so that the blade and the first connecting rod extend into the soil layer and rotate in the soil layer at the same time, so as to scrape the soil at the sampling location downwards; when the blade and the first connecting rod just extend into the soil layer and cut the soil at the same time, the cover plate seals the surface of the collecting mechanism to prevent the just-scraped soil from entering the interior of the collecting mechanism, removes the soil on the side wall of the borehole, and prevents soil from other depths from remaining at the soil sampling location during the drilling process, resulting in the mixing of soil from other layers in the soil sample; when the blade and the first connecting rod remove the surface soil of the sampling area, they squeeze the prism downwards, and the prism drives the The compression block moves downward inside the sliding rod, and the compression block drives the steel wire to move downward. The steel wire drives the cover plate to rotate upward to contact the side wall of the borehole, so that the cover plate is distributed in a funnel shape on the surface of the collecting mechanism. At this time, the screw rod continues to rotate, and the screw rod drives the first connecting rod to open while driving the first connecting rod and the blade to rotate and cut the soil. The soil enters the interior of the collecting mechanism along the cover plate for storage. After the soil sample is collected, the cover plate closes the top of the collecting mechanism to prevent the sample from mixing into other layers of soil, thereby improving the accuracy of the soil sample and ensuring the accuracy of the analysis conclusion of the soil background value. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0018] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the structure of a sampling device for regional environmental background soil samples provided by the present invention;

[0019] Figure 2for Figure 1 The schematic diagram of the internal structure of the driving mechanism shown;

[0020] Figure 3 for Figure 1 A top view of the box structure shown;

[0021] Figure 4 for Figure 1 The schematic diagram of the screw structure shown;

[0022] Figure 5 for Figure 4 An enlarged schematic diagram of the structure at A shown;

[0023] Figure 6 for Figure 2 An enlarged schematic diagram of the structure at B shown;

[0024] Figure 7 for Figure 6 A top view of the collecting tube structure shown;

[0025] Figure 8 for Figure 7 The schematic diagram of the internal structure of the mounting block shown;

[0026] Fig. 9 This is a schematic diagram of the installation of the fixed head, screw rod and handle provided by the present invention;

[0027] Fig.10 for Fig. 9 A top view of the internal structure of the first joint is shown;

[0028] Fig.11 A schematic diagram of the sampling mechanism provided by the present invention removing the surface soil of the drill hole;

[0029] Fig.12 A schematic diagram of soil sampling by the sampling mechanism provided by the present invention.

[0030] Numbers in the figure: 1, drilling hole, 2, connecting mechanism, 21, spiral drill bit, 22, screw, 23, handle, 24, first joint, 25, second joint, 26, block, 27, spring, 28, groove, 3, driving mechanism, 31, box, 32, bracket, 33, extrusion rod, 34, support ring, 35, first gear, 36, second gear, 37, crank, 38, knob, 39, fixing rod, 4, sampling mechanism, 41, fixing head, 42, first connecting rod, 43, blade, 44, adjusting rod, 45, fixing ring, 46, supporting rod, 5, collecting mechanism, 51, collecting tube, 52, drill bit, 53, limiting rod, 6, closing mechanism, 61, cover plate, 62, second connecting rod, 63, prism, 64, steel wire, 65, compression block, 66, slide rod, 67, mounting block, 68, rotating shaft, 69, torsion spring. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0031] The present invention will be further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and implementation modes.

[0032] See also Figures 1 to 12 , Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the structure of a sampling device for regional environmental background soil samples provided by the present invention; Figure 2 for Figure 1 The schematic diagram of the internal structure of the driving mechanism shown; Figure 3 for Figure 1 A top view of the box structure shown; Figure 4 for Figure 1 The schematic diagram of the screw structure shown; Figure 5 for Figure 4 An enlarged schematic diagram of the structure at A shown; Figure 6 for Figure 2 An enlarged schematic diagram of the structure at B shown; Figure 7 for Figure 6 A top view of the collecting tube structure shown; Figure 8 for Figure 7 The schematic diagram of the internal structure of the mounting block shown; Fig. 9 This is a schematic diagram of the installation of the fixed head, screw rod and handle provided by the present invention; Fig.10 for Fig. 9 A top view of the internal structure of the first joint is shown; Fig.11 A schematic diagram of the sampling mechanism provided by the present invention removing the surface soil of the drill hole; Fig.12A schematic diagram of soil sampling by the sampling mechanism provided by the present invention. The sampling device for regional environmental background soil samples includes: a connecting mechanism 2, wherein the connecting mechanism 2 includes a plurality of screws 22 assembled and spliced ​​with each other, a handle 23 is installed at the top of the screw 22, and the bottom of the screw 22 is installed on a spiral drill bit 21 for drilling holes in the soil layer, one end of the screw 22 and the handle 23 are fixedly connected to a first joint 24, the other end of the screw 22 and the top of the spiral drill bit 21 are fixedly connected to a second joint 25, and the first joint 24 is slidably connected to the second joint 25 and the inside of the fixed head 41; the inside of the first joint 24 is symmetrically provided with grooves 27, the inside of the groove 27 is slidably connected to a block 26 with a "T"-shaped side wall, and a spring 27 is installed inside the groove 27, and both ends of the spring 27 The ends are fixedly connected to the clamping blocks 26, and the plurality of clamping blocks 26 are respectively engaged with the inside of the second joint 25 and the fixing head 41. After the screw rods 22 are assembled with each other, the clamping blocks 26 are squeezed. After the clamping blocks 26 are squeezed into the inside of the first joint 24, the first joint 24 at one end of one screw rod 22 is inserted into the second joint 25 at one end of another screw rod 22. When the first joint 24 is aligned with the second joint 25, the spring 27 is extended to push the clamping blocks 26 from the first joint 24 into the inside of the joint 25, thereby fixing the two screw rods 22 together. Similarly, the auger bit 21, the handle 23 and the fixing head 41 are spliced ​​with the screw rod 22 using a joint.

[0033] The surface connection of the screw rod 22 is used to drive the spiral drill bit 21 to rotate quickly into the soil layer to drive the driving mechanism 3; the driving mechanism 3 includes a box body 31 and a bracket 32, the box body 31 is engaged with the surface of the bracket 32, and the knob 38 is threadedly connected to the box body 31 and the bracket 32; when drilling is required, the box body 31 is placed on the surface of the bracket 32, and then the knob 38 is used to fix it, thereby completing the splicing of the driving mechanism 3, and the screw rod 22, the spiral drill bit 21, the handle 23 and the sampling mechanism 4 can be spliced. The sampling device has a simple structure and the components can be quickly disassembled or assembled, so that it is convenient for sampling personnel to carry and use it in the field, and it is convenient for sampling personnel to collect soil samples for soil background value analysis.

[0034] A fixing rod 39 is fixedly connected at the center of the interior of the box body 31, and the interior of the fixing rod 39 is threadedly connected to the screw rod 22, and the height of the fixing rod 39 is greater than the sum of the heights of the first joint 24 and the second joint 25. In order to facilitate the screw rod 22 to drive all the joints into the interior of the fixing rod 39, part of the screw rod 22 is still located inside the fixing rod 39 at this time to prevent the screw rod 22 from completely detaching from the fixing rod 39. The driving mechanism 3 also includes a support ring 34, which is rotatably connected to the fixed rod 39, and the top of the support ring 34 is symmetrically threadedly connected to the two extrusion rods 33, and the extrusion rods 33 abut against the side wall of the handle 23; the bottom end of the support ring 34 is fixedly connected to the first gear 35, and the first gear 35 is meshed with the second gear 36. The interior of the box body 31 is rotatably connected to the support ring 34, the first gear 35 and the second gear 36, and a crank 37 is installed at one end of the second gear 36; when drilling, the screw rod 22 is threadedly connected to the fixed rod 39, and the extrusion rod 33 abuts against the inside of the handle 23. The sampling personnel rotate the crank 37. The crank 37 drives the second gear 36 to rotate, and the second gear 36 drives the first gear 35, the support ring 34 and the extrusion rod 33 to rotate. The rotation of the extrusion rod 33 drives the handle 23, the screw 22 and the auger bit 21 to rotate. The screw 22 is threadedly connected to the fixing rod 39, so that the screw 22 and the auger bit 21 rotate downward to make the auger bit 21 drill into the soil. The diameter of the second gear 36 is larger than the diameter of the first gear 35. The second gear 36 drives the first gear 35 to rotate more labor-savingly, so that it is convenient for workers to rotate the auger bit 21 and the screw 22 into the soil to drill a hole 1.

[0035] A sampling mechanism 4 for extracting deep soil samples is installed at the bottom end of the connecting mechanism 2. The sampling mechanism 4 includes a fixed head 41 and a fixed ring 45. The side walls of the fixed head 41 and the fixed ring 45 are symmetrically rotated to connect a first rhombus-shaped connecting rod 42. The first connecting rod 42 is hinged at the connection, and a blade 43 with a triangular side wall is installed on the side wall of the first connecting rod 42; the bottom end of the fixed head 41 is fixedly connected to an adjusting rod 44, the adjusting rod 44 is threadedly connected to a support rod 46, and the top end of the support rod 46 is rotatably connected to the fixing ring 45; when sampling in a borehole, the screw 22 is rotated, and the screw 22 drives the fixed head 41 to rotate. The fixed head 41 and the adjusting rod 44 rotate, and the adjusting rod 44 rotates into the interior of the supporting rod 46. The distance between the fixed head 41 and the supporting rod 44 becomes closer and closer, so that the first rhombus-shaped connecting rod 42 rotates toward the side wall of the borehole 1, so that the first connecting rod 42 drives the blade 43 to enter the soil to be sampled. While the width of the first connecting rod 42 increases, the fixed head 41 drives the first connecting rod 42 and the blade 43 to rotate with the adjusting rod 44 as the axis, so that the blade 43 and the first connecting rod 42 extend into the soil layer and rotate in the soil layer at the same time, so as to scrape the soil at the sampling location downward.

[0036] The surface of the collecting mechanism 5 is installed with a closing mechanism 6 for preventing other soil from mixing into the soil sample. The closing mechanism 6 includes a cover plate 61. The surface of the collecting mechanism 5 is symmetrically connected to the cover plate 61 for rotation. The interior of the collecting mechanism 5 is fixed with a sliding rod 66 through a second connecting rod 62. The interior of the sliding rod 66 is slidably connected to a compression block 65. The compression block 65 and the cover plate 61 are connected with a steel wire 64. The top of the sliding rod 66 is fixedly connected to the support rod 46. The interiors of the sliding rod 66, the adjusting rod 44, the supporting rod 46, the screw rod 22 and the handle 23 are slidably connected to a prism 63, and the prism 63 abuts against the surface of the compression block 65. The top of the collecting cylinder 51 is fixedly connected to a mounting block 67. The interior of the mounting block 67 is rotatably connected to a rotating shaft 68, and the rotating shaft 68 is fixed to the side wall of the cover plate 61. The side wall of the rotating shaft 68 is provided with a torsion spring 69, and the two ends of the torsion spring 69 are respectively fixedly connected to the rotating shaft 68. The cover plate 61 is a block 67 and a shaft 68. During the sampling process, when the soil on the surface of the borehole 1 is removed first, the soil falls downward, and the cover plate 61 closes the top of the collecting tube 51 to prevent the soil from entering the interior of the collecting tube 51. When collecting soil, the prism 63 is squeezed downward so that the prism 63 pushes the compression block 65 to move downward inside the slide bar 66, and the compression block 65 drives the steel wire 64 to move downward, and the steel wire 64 drives the cover plate 61 to rotate, and the cover plate 61 drives the rotating shaft 68 to rotate inside the mounting block 67. The rotation of the rotating shaft 68 drives the torsion spring 69 to twist and open the cover plate 61, so that the soil falls into the interior of the collecting tube 51. When the soil sample is collected, the prism 63 is slid upward, and the torsion spring 69 drives the cover plate 61 to move toward the direction of the collecting tube 51, closes the top of the collecting tube 51, and drives the compression block 65 to reset.

[0037] A collecting mechanism 5 for collecting soil samples is provided at the bottom end of the sampling mechanism 4, and the collecting mechanism 5 includes a collecting barrel 51, and the interior of the collecting barrel 51 is symmetrically inclined and fixedly connected to the second connecting rod 62, and the bottom end of the collecting barrel 51 is engaged with a drill bit 52 with a conical bottom end, and the side wall of the drill bit 52 is threadedly connected to a limiting rod 53, and the limiting rod 53 abuts against the side wall of the collecting barrel 51, in order to facilitate the collection barrel 51 to be fixed below the drill bit 52 by the limiting rod 53, it is convenient for the drill bit 52 to drive the collection barrel 51 into the borehole 1.

[0038] The maximum diameter of the drill bit 52 is equal to the inner diameter of the borehole 1. In order to facilitate the movement of the drill bit 52 along the side wall of the borehole 1, the soil on the side wall of the borehole 1 is adsorbed and squeezed downward to keep the surface of the borehole 1 clean. The diameter of the collecting tube 51 is smaller than the maximum diameter of the drill bit 52. In order to facilitate the soil on the surface of the sampling area to be scraped by the first connecting rod 42 and enter the gap between the collecting tube 51 and the borehole 1, soil is prevented from remaining on the surface of the collecting tube 51.

[0039] The surface of the collecting tube 51 is rotatably connected to the cover plate 61 , and the cover plates 61 are mutually abutted and tilted to be located above the collecting tube 51 , so as to facilitate the dirt on the surface of the cover plate 61 to fall downward and avoid the dirt remaining on the surface of the cover plate 61 .

[0040] The top interior of the slide rod 66 is in the shape of a hexagonal prism, and the prism 63 engages with the top interior of the slide rod 66. To facilitate the engagement of the prism 63 with the slide rod 66, the slide rod 66 and the collecting tube 51 are fixed by fixing the prism 63, thereby preventing the collecting tube 51 from being closed at the bottom end of the borehole 1. The prism 63 is staggered with the block 26 inside the first joint 24, and the prism 63 is slidably connected to the inside of the first joint 24, to facilitate the prism 63 to penetrate the first joint 24 and enter the inside of the screw rod 22 and the handle 23.

[0041] The working principle of the sampling device for regional environmental background soil samples provided by the present invention is as follows: when it is necessary to extract deep soil samples for soil background value analysis, the screw rod 22 and the drive mechanism 3 are assembled at the sampling point. The screw rods 22 are spliced ​​to each other by a joint, and the spiral drill bit 21 is spliced ​​to the screw rod 22 through a joint; the box body 31 is placed on the surface of the bracket 32, and then fixed with the knob 38, thereby completing the splicing of the drive mechanism 3; when drilling, the screw rod 22 is threadedly connected to the fixing rod 39, and a handle 23 is installed on the top of the screw 22, and the extrusion rod 33 contacts the inside of the handle 23. The sampling personnel turns the crank 37, and the crank 37 drives the second gear 36 to rotate, and the second gear 36 rotates. The second gear 36 drives the first gear 35, the support ring 34 and the extrusion rod 33 to rotate. The extrusion rod 33 rotates to push the handle 23, the screw 22 and the auger 21 to rotate. The screw 22 is threadedly connected to the fixed rod 39, so that the screw 22 and the auger 21 rotate downward, so that the auger 21 rotates and drills into the soil. At the same time, the auger 21 pushes the soil in the borehole 1 upward. When the depth of the borehole is greater than the sampling layer depth of about 30 cm, the borehole 1 is cleaned. The fixed head 41 is fixed to the bottom end of the screw 22 through a joint, and the collection mechanism 5, the sampling mechanism 4 and the screw 22 are placed in the borehole. The drill bit 52 moves along the side wall of the borehole 1, and the side wall of the borehole 1 absorbs the anti-soil and squeezes it downward to keep the surface of the borehole 1 clean. The drill bit 52 is pressed against the bottom end of the borehole 1, and the sampling mechanism 4 is aligned with the soil in the sampling area (as shown in the attached Figure 4 As shown, attached Figure 5 As shown). The screw rod 22 is rotated, and the screw rod 22 drives the fixed head 41 and the adjusting rod 44 to rotate, and the adjusting rod 44 rotates into the interior of the support rod 46, and the distance between the fixed head 41 and the support rod 46 becomes closer and closer, so that the first rhombus-shaped connecting rod 42 rotates toward the side wall of the borehole 1, so that the first connecting rod 42 drives the blade 43 to enter the soil to be sampled, and while the width of the first connecting rod 42 increases, the fixed head 41 drives the first connecting rod 42 and the blade 43 to rotate with the adjusting rod 44 as the axis, so that the blade 43 and the connecting rod 42 extend into the soil layer and rotate in the soil layer at the same time, and the soil at the sampling location is scraped downward; when the blade 42 and the connecting rod 43 just extend into the soil layer and cut the soil at the same time, the cover plate 61 seals the surface of the collecting tube 51 (as shown in the attached Fig.11As shown), prevent the newly scraped soil from entering the interior of the collecting tube 51, remove the soil on the side wall of the borehole 1, and prevent soil from other depths from remaining at the soil sampling location during the drilling process, resulting in the mixing of soil from other layers in the soil sample; after the blade and the connecting rod remove 2 to 3 cm thick soil from the surface of the sampling area, squeeze the prism 63 downward, the prism 63 drives the compression block 65 to move downward inside the slide bar 66, the compression block 65 drives the steel wire 64 to move downward, and the steel wire 64 drives the cover plate 61 to rotate upward to resist the side wall of the borehole 1, so that the cover plate 61 is distributed on the surface of the collecting tube 51 in a funnel shape (as shown in the attached figure). Fig.12 As shown); when the cover plate 61 rotates, the rotating shaft 68 is driven to rotate inside the mounting block 67, and the rotation of the rotating shaft 68 drives the torsion spring 69 to twist. The screw rod 22 is rotated, and the screw rod 22 drives the first connecting rod 42 to open and drives the first connecting rod 42 and the blade 43 to rotate and cut the soil, and the soil enters the inside of the collecting tube 51 along the cover plate 41 for storage; after the soil sample is collected, the prism 63 is slid upward, and the torsion spring 69 drives the cover plate 61 to move toward the collecting tube 51, closing the top of the collecting tube 51, and driving the compression block 65 to reset to prevent the sample from mixing with other layers of soil, and the screw rod 22 is rotated in the opposite direction, and the screw rod 22 drives the adjusting rod 44 to slide out from the inside of the supporting rod 46, so that the first connecting rod 42 and the blade 43 are reset, and then the screw rod 22, the sampling mechanism 4 and the collecting tube 51 are taken out of the borehole 1.

[0042] The above descriptions are merely embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the patent scope of the present invention. Any equivalent structure or equivalent process transformation made using the contents of the present invention specification and drawings, or directly or indirectly applied in other related technical fields, are also included in the patent protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A sampling device for regional environmental background soil samples, characterized in that: include: A connecting mechanism (2), the connecting mechanism (2) comprising a plurality of screw rods (22) assembled and spliced ​​with each other, a handle (23) being installed at the top end of the screw rod (22), a spiral drill bit (21) for drilling a hole in the soil layer being installed at the bottom end of the screw rod (22), and a driving mechanism (3) being connected on the surface of the screw rod (22) for driving the spiral drill bit (21) to rotate rapidly into the soil layer; A sampling mechanism (4) for extracting deep soil samples is installed at the bottom end of the connecting mechanism (2), and the sampling mechanism (4) comprises a fixed head (41) and a fixed ring (45), the side walls of the fixed head (41) and the fixed ring (45) are symmetrically rotatably connected to a first rhombus-shaped connecting rod (42), the first connecting rod (42) is hinged at the connection, and a blade (43) with a triangular side wall is installed on the side wall of the first connecting rod (42); the bottom end of the fixed head (41) is fixedly connected to an adjusting rod (44), the adjusting rod (44) is threadedly connected to a support rod (46), and the top end of the support rod (46) is rotatably connected to the fixing ring (45); A collecting mechanism (5) for collecting soil samples is arranged at the bottom end of the sampling mechanism (4), and a closing mechanism (6) for preventing other soil from mixing into the soil samples is installed on the surface of the collecting mechanism (5), and the closing mechanism (6) comprises a cover plate (61), and the surface of the collecting mechanism (5) is symmetrically rotatably connected to the cover plate (61), and a sliding rod (66) is fixed inside the collecting mechanism (5) through a second connecting rod (62), and the inside of the sliding rod (66) is slidably connected to a compression block (65), and a steel wire (64) is connected between the compression block (65) and the cover plate (61); the top end of the sliding rod (66) is fixedly connected to the support rod (46), and the insides of the sliding rod (66), the adjusting rod (44), the support rod (46), the screw rod (22) and the handle (23) are slidably connected to a prism (63), and the prism (63) contacts the surface of the compression block (65); The driving mechanism (3) comprises a box (31) and a bracket (32), wherein the box (31) is engaged with the surface of the bracket (32), and the knob (38) is threadedly connected to the box (31) and the bracket (32); a fixing rod (39) is fixedly connected to the center of the box (31), the inside of the fixing rod (39) is threadedly connected to the screw rod (22), and the height of the fixing rod (39) is greater than the sum of the heights of the first joint (24) and the second joint (25); the driving mechanism (3) also comprises a support ring (34), and the support ring (34) and the fixing rod (39) are connected to each other. ) are rotatably connected between the two extrusion rods (33), the top end of the support ring (34) is symmetrically threadedly connected to the two extrusion rods (33), and the extrusion rods (33) are in contact with the side walls of the handle (23); the bottom end of the support ring (34) is fixedly connected to the first gear (35), the first gear (35) is meshed with the second gear (36), and the diameter of the second gear (36) is larger than the diameter of the first gear (35); the interior of the box body (31) is rotatably connected to the support ring (34), the first gear (35) and the second gear (36), and one end of the second gear (36) is installed with a crank (37); The collecting mechanism (5) comprises a collecting cylinder (51), the interior of the collecting cylinder (51) is symmetrically inclined and fixedly connected to the second connecting rod (62), the bottom end of the collecting cylinder (51) is engaged with a drill bit (52) with a conical bottom end, the side wall of the drill bit (52) is threadedly connected to a limiting rod (53), and the limiting rod (53) contacts the side wall of the collecting cylinder (51); the top end of the collecting cylinder (51) is fixedly connected to a mounting block (67), the interior of the mounting block (67) is rotatably connected to a rotating shaft (68), and the rotating shaft (68) is fixed to the side wall of the cover plate (61); the side wall of the rotating shaft (68) is sleeved with a torsion spring (69), and the two ends of the torsion spring (69) are respectively fixedly connected to the rotating shaft (68) and the mounting block (67).

2. The sampling device for regional environmental background soil samples according to claim 1, characterized in that: One end of the screw rod (22) and the handle (23) are fixedly connected to a first joint (24), the other end of the screw rod (22) and the top end of the spiral drill bit (21) are fixedly connected to a second joint (25), and the first joint (24) is slidably connected to the second joint (25) and the interior of the fixed head (41); the interior of the first joint (24) is symmetrically provided with grooves (28), the interior of the grooves (28) is slidably connected to a clamping block (26) with a "T"-shaped side wall, a spring (27) is installed in the interior of the groove (28), both ends of the spring (27) are fixedly connected to the clamping block (26), and a plurality of the clamping blocks (26) are respectively engaged with the interior of the second joint (25) and the fixed head (41).

3. The sampling device for regional environmental background soil samples according to claim 1, characterized in that: The maximum diameter of the drill bit (52) is equal to the inner diameter of the borehole (1), and the diameter of the collecting cylinder (51) is smaller than the maximum diameter of the drill bit (52).

4. The sampling device for regional environmental background soil samples according to claim 1, characterized in that: The surface of the collecting cylinder (51) is rotatably connected to the cover plate (61), and the cover plates (61) are mutually abutted and then tilted and located above the collecting cylinder (51).

5. The sampling device for regional environmental background soil samples according to claim 2, characterized in that: The top interior of the slide rod (66) is in the shape of a hexagonal prism, and the prism (63) engages with the top interior of the slide rod (66); the prism (63) is staggered with the block (26) inside the first joint (24), and the prism (63) is slidably connected to the inside of the first joint (24).

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