High-adaptability multi-type geological exploration sampling device and accurate sampling method

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of geological exploration, particularly relates to a high-adaptability multi-type geological exploration sampling device and an accurate sampling method.The high-adaptability multi-type geological exploration sampling device and the accurate sampling method aim to solve the problems that a drill bit is stuck and stratified sampling is difficult, and the high-adaptability multi-type geological exploration sampling device comprises a base, a vertical plate, a lifting plate and a driving cylinder with the drill bit; a first annular groove is formed in the outer wall of the driving cylinder and matched with the first circular ring, downward-pressing drilling and upward-lifting resetting of the drill bit are achieved, a second annular groove is formed in the drill bit, and the flow direction of hydraulic oil is controlled through a second circular ring connected with a fixing rod; during lifting, hydraulic oil is injected into the second hydraulic channel, the trapezoidal collecting box extends out to scrape hole wall samples, the electromagnet and the iron block are matched to adjust the position of the second circular ring, the working states of the teeth and the collecting box are switched, drill bit jamming is reduced, hole wall sampling at any depth is supported, and exploration efficiency is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of geological exploration technology, and in particular to a highly adaptable multi-type geological exploration sampling device and a precise sampling method. Background Art

[0002] In the field of geological exploration, sampling devices are crucial equipment for obtaining underground soil and rock samples. Traditional geological exploration sampling devices have many limitations and are difficult to meet the complex and ever-changing actual exploration needs.

[0003] In traditional drilling equipment, the drill bit makes close contact with the borehole wall during drilling. After drilling is complete, the drill bit is easily blocked by soil and rocks inside the borehole, making it difficult to remove smoothly. This not only affects sampling efficiency but may also damage the drill bit, increasing equipment maintenance costs. For example, in areas with high rock hardness, the drill bit generates significant friction with the surrounding rocks during drilling. After drilling is completed, rock fragments become stuck between the drill bit and the borehole, preventing the drill bit from moving upwards normally.

[0004] Existing equipment struggles to accurately sample soil and rock at different heights within boreholes, failing to meet diverse geological exploration needs. For instance, some equipment requires frequent drilling stops to collect samples, which can disrupt drilling progress and potentially cause boreholes to collapse, affecting the quality of subsequent sampling.

[0005] In summary, existing geological exploration sampling devices have significant shortcomings in terms of drill bit removal and sampling methods. There is an urgent need to develop a new type of highly adaptable multi-type geological exploration sampling device to solve the above problems and improve the efficiency and quality of geological exploration work. Summary of the Invention

[0006] The purpose of this invention is to address the shortcomings of existing drill bits, which are easily blocked by soil and rocks inside the borehole and make it difficult to accurately sample soil and rocks at different heights on the borehole wall. Therefore, this invention proposes a highly adaptable multi-type geological exploration sampling device and a precise sampling method.

[0007] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention adopts the following technical solution:

[0008] A highly adaptable multi-type geological exploration sampling device, comprising:

[0009] The base has two vertical plates fixedly connected to its top;

[0010] A lifting plate is slidably connected between the two vertical plates;

[0011] The drive cylinder penetrates the lifting plate;

[0012] The drill bit is fixedly connected to the bottom end of the drive cylinder;

[0013] The drive structure includes a rotating rod rotatably connected to the top of the lifting plate and a hydraulic automatic transmission fixedly connected to the bottom of the lifting plate, wherein the input shaft of the hydraulic automatic transmission is fixedly connected to the bottom end of the rotating rod.

[0014] The storage structure includes a second annular groove disposed inside the drill bit, a plurality of first storage grooves disposed on the outer wall of the drill bit, and trapezoidal teeth slidably connected in the first storage grooves.

[0015] The sampling structure includes multiple feed troughs set on the drill bit;

[0016] The drill bit is driven to rotate and move downward to drill a hole by a drive structure. After drilling is completed, the storage structure allows the trapezoidal teeth to be stored in the first storage groove to prevent the drill bit from being stuck in the hole.

[0017] In one possible design, the drive structure further includes a first gear fixedly sleeved on the outer wall of the rotating rod, a second gear rotatably connected to the top of the lifting plate, a third gear fixedly connected to the output shaft of the hydraulic automatic transmission, a threaded rod rotatably connected to one side of the vertical plate, and a fourth gear rotatably connected to the bottom of the lifting plate.

[0018] The second gear is slidably sleeved on the outer wall of the drive cylinder via a groove and a slider;

[0019] The fourth gear meshes with the third gear and slides on the outer wall of the threaded rod through a groove and a slider;

[0020] The threaded rod is threadedly connected to the lifting plate.

[0021] The motor drives the rotating rod and the first gear to rotate. The first gear and the second gear work together to drive the drive cylinder to rotate. The hydraulic automatic gearbox adjusts the speed and drives the third gear to rotate. The third gear and the fourth gear work together to drive the threaded rod to rotate, so that the lifting plate can be raised and lowered.

[0022] In one possible design, the storage structure further includes a second ring that is sealed and slidably connected within the second annular groove, a plurality of first hydraulic channels disposed on the inner wall of the drill bit, and a piston rod that is sealed and slidably connected within the first hydraulic channels.

[0023] The first hydraulic channel connects the second annular groove to the first receiving groove;

[0024] The piston rod is fixedly connected to the trapezoidal teeth;

[0025] It also includes a first ring, the bottom of which is slidably connected to two fixed rods, the bottom ends of which are sealed and slidably extended into the second annular groove and fixedly connected to the top of the second ring;

[0026] When the first ring moves down, the second ring is driven to move down through the fixed rod. Hydraulic oil is injected into the first hydraulic channel to push the piston rod, so that the trapezoidal teeth extend out from the first receiving groove to expand the inner diameter of the drill hole.

[0027] In one possible design, the sampling structure further includes two conveying channels located at the bottom of the drive cylinder and the top of the drill bit, a spiral drill rod rotatably connected in the two conveying channels, a discharge pipe fixedly connected to one side of the drive cylinder, and an L-shaped plate fixedly connected to the top of the lifting plate.

[0028] The conveyor channels are interconnected, and multiple feed troughs are connected to the conveyor channels located inside the drill bit;

[0029] A sliding rod is fixedly connected to the top end of the auger rod, and the top end of the sliding rod slides through the L-shaped plate.

[0030] When the drive cylinder and drill bit rotate, soil and rock enter the conveying channel through the feed chute. The L-shaped plate restricts the rotation of the sliding rod, keeping the auger drill rod stationary. The soil and rock are discharged through the discharge pipe under the action of the auger drill rod.

[0031] In one possible design, the outer wall of the drive cylinder is provided with a first annular groove, a first ring is sleeved on the inner wall of the first annular groove, and the first ring is fixedly connected to the bottom of the lifting plate.

[0032] The top of the base is fixedly connected to two fixing plates, and a first limiting ring is fixedly connected between the two fixing plates. The bottom end of the drive cylinder passes through the first limiting ring.

[0033] A pressure sensor is fixedly embedded at the bottom of the first ring, and an infrared rangefinder is fixedly embedded at the top of the first limiting ring.

[0034] The pressure sensor is in contact with the inner wall of the bottom of the first annular groove. When the drill bit contacts the ground, the pressure sensor detects the pressure signal and triggers the infrared rangefinder to detect the drilling depth.

[0035] In one possible design, a conical pedestal is fixedly connected to the top of the drill bit, and the bottom end of the drive cylinder passes through the conical pedestal.

[0036] The top of the trapezoidal tooth is provided with a sliding groove, and a limiting block is slidably connected in the sliding groove. The limiting block is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the drill bit.

[0037] The conical platform prevents soil and rock accumulation, while the limiting block restricts the movement range of the trapezoidal teeth.

[0038] In one possible design, a movable vehicle body is provided on one side of the base, and the movable vehicle body is rotatably connected to the base via a pivot.

[0039] Two hydraulic cylinders are rotatably connected to the top of the mobile vehicle body, and one end of the output shaft of the two hydraulic cylinders is rotatably connected to the vertical plate of the base.

[0040] The hydraulic cylinder drives the base to rotate and is placed on the mobile vehicle body for easy transportation.

[0041] In one possible design, the outer wall of the drill bit is provided with a plurality of second hydraulic channels, which are connected to a second annular groove through a connecting channel;

[0042] A trapezoidal collecting box is slidably connected to the second hydraulic channel via a sealed piston plate, and multiple material feeding teeth are fixedly connected to one side of the trapezoidal collecting box;

[0043] When the second ring moves upward, hydraulic oil is injected into the second hydraulic channel, driving the trapezoidal collection box to move out, and the drill bit rotates to drive the material-scraping teeth to scrape the soil and rocks inside the hole.

[0044] In one possible design, multiple iron blocks are fixedly connected to the bottom of the second ring, and multiple vertical rods are fixedly connected inside the second annular groove.

[0045] The top end of the vertical rod is sealed and slides through the second ring, and the iron block is slidably sleeved on the outer wall of the vertical rod;

[0046] An electromagnet is slidably sleeved on the outer wall of the vertical rod. A spring is fixedly connected to the bottom of the electromagnet through a spring seat. The bottom end of the spring is fixedly connected to the bottom of the second annular groove.

[0047] A second limiting ring is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the vertical rod, and the second limiting ring is located between the iron block and the electromagnet;

[0048] When the electromagnet is energized, it generates magnetic attraction, which drives the iron block to move and controls the flow of hydraulic oil to collect the trapezoidal collection box and trapezoidal teeth.

[0049] This application discloses a precise sampling method for a highly adaptable multi-type geological exploration sampling device, comprising the following steps:

[0050] S1. Positioning and Deployment: Connect the mobile vehicle to the transport machinery and move it to the survey location; start the hydraulic cylinder to drive the base to rotate and place it on the ground.

[0051] S2. Drilling operation: Start the motor to drive the rotating rod and the first gear, which in turn drives the drill bit to rotate via the second gear; at the same time, the hydraulic automatic gearbox adjusts the speed and drives the threaded rod to rotate via the third and fourth gears, which in turn moves the lifting plate, drive cylinder and drill bit down to drill a hole;

[0052] When the drill bit is not in contact with the ground, the first ring is against the top of the first annular groove; when the drill bit is in contact with the ground, the first ring is against the bottom of the first annular groove, the pressure sensor detects the pressure, and the drill bit continues to move downward; the infrared rangefinder detects the drilling depth and calculates the feed rate.

[0053] S3. Automatic Hole Enlargement: When the first ring touches the bottom of the first annular groove, the second ring is driven to move down by the fixed rod, which pushes the iron block and electromagnet to move down to compress the spring and press the hydraulic oil in the annular groove into the hydraulic channel, pushing the piston rod and trapezoidal teeth to extend outward to enlarge the hole.

[0054] S4. Soil and rock conveying and depth calculation: Drilled fragments enter the conveying channel through the feed chute; the stationary auger drill rod discharges the fragments through the discharge pipe; the flow sensor measures the discharge volume, and the speed sensor detects the drill bit speed; the in-situ depth of the discharged fragments is calculated by combining the feed speed, discharge volume and speed.

[0055] S5. Sampling at a specified depth: After drilling, the lifting plate moves the drill bit to the specified depth; the electromagnet is de-energized, the drill bit moves downwards, the second ring injects hydraulic oil into another hydraulic channel through the connecting channel, and pushes out the trapezoidal collection box; the speed ratio of the hydraulic automatic gearbox is adjusted so that the lifting plate moves slowly when the drive cylinder rotates, and the trapezoidal collection box scrapes the soil and rocks from the hole wall; after sampling, the electromagnet is energized to retract the trapezoidal collection box.

[0056] S6. Recycling and Reset: The threaded rod reverses, and the lifting plate drives the drive cylinder, drill bit and first ring to move upward; the first ring drives the second ring to move upward via the fixed rod; the electromagnet is energized and moves upward to fit the iron block, driving the drill bit to move upward as a whole; the second ring moves upward to draw back the hydraulic oil, causing the trapezoidal teeth to retract and be recycled into the storage tank; the hydraulic cylinder is recycled, and the base rotates to the moving vehicle body.

[0057] Beneficial effects: In this invention, a second ring is slidably sealed inside the second annular groove. The second annular groove is connected to the first receiving groove through a first hydraulic channel. A piston rod is slidably connected inside the first hydraulic channel. Two fixed rods are slidably connected to the bottom of the first ring, and the bottom ends of the two fixed rods are fixedly connected to the top of the second ring. When the first ring moves down and abuts against the bottom inner wall of the first annular groove, the first ring drives the second ring to move down through the fixed rods. Under the action of hydraulic oil, the piston rod pushes the trapezoidal teeth to extend outward. Therefore, when the drill bit rotates down to drill, the trapezoidal teeth can expand the inner diameter of the drill hole. Thus, after drilling, the drill bit will not get stuck with the rock and soil inside the hole, avoiding damage to the drive cylinder and drill bit due to rock jamming, and facilitating the upward movement and reset of the drive cylinder and drill bit.

[0058] In this invention, the outer wall of the drill bit is provided with multiple second hydraulic channels. The sides of the multiple second hydraulic channels that are close to each other are connected to the second annular groove through connecting channels. A trapezoidal collection box is slidably connected in the second hydraulic channel through a sealing piston plate. Multiple material-pulling teeth are fixed on one side of the trapezoidal collection box. When the first ring drives the drive cylinder and the drill bit to move upward, the drill bit and the drive cylinder move downward relative to the second ring and the fixed rod under their own gravity. The second ring draws the hydraulic oil in the first hydraulic channel into the second annular groove, and the trapezoidal collection box moves out of the second hydraulic channel, so that the drill bit can drive the trapezoidal collection box to rotate, so as to complete the scraping of soil and rock at any height on the inner wall of the hole and accurately complete the sampling operation.

[0059] In this invention, multiple iron blocks are fixed to the bottom of the second ring, and the top of the vertical rod is sealed and slides through the second ring. An electromagnet is slidably sleeved on the outer wall of the vertical rod, and a second limiting ring is fixed on the outer wall of the vertical rod between the iron blocks and the electromagnet. When the iron block is below the second limiting ring, it is used to move the trapezoidal teeth out of the first receiving groove to enlarge the inner diameter of the drill hole, making it easier for the drill bit to be removed from the hole later. When the iron block is above the second limiting ring, the trapezoidal teeth are received in the first receiving groove, and the trapezoidal collection box is moved out of the second hydraulic channel to complete the sampling operation at any height of the hole. When the iron block is in contact with the second limiting ring, the trapezoidal collection box and the trapezoidal teeth can be received simultaneously, completing the protection of the trapezoidal collection box and the trapezoidal teeth.

[0060] In this invention, the storage structure ensures that the drill bit can be easily removed from the hole, the sampling structure enables efficient and accurate soil and rock sampling, its strong adaptability allows it to work stably under various geological conditions, the convenient transportation method improves the flexibility of the work, the multi-functional integration meets diverse sample collection needs, and the precise detection and control system ensures the accuracy and reliability of the work. Attached Figure Description

[0061] Figure 1 A three-dimensional structural schematic diagram of a highly adaptable multi-type geological exploration sampling device provided by the present invention;

[0062] Figure 2 A three-dimensional exploded structural diagram of a highly adaptable multi-type geological exploration sampling device provided by the present invention;

[0063] Figure 3 A three-dimensional structural diagram of the base, vertical plate, and lifting plate of a highly adaptable multi-type geological exploration sampling device provided by the present invention;

[0064] Figure 4 A three-dimensional exploded structural diagram of the rotating rod, the fourth gear, and the second gear of a highly adaptable multi-type geological exploration sampling device provided by the present invention;

[0065] Figure 5 This is a three-dimensional exploded cross-sectional view of the second gear, the first ring, and the drive cylinder of a highly adaptable multi-type geological exploration sampling device provided by the present invention.

[0066] Figure 6 A three-dimensional exploded structural diagram of the drill bit and trapezoidal teeth of a highly adaptable multi-type geological exploration sampling device provided by the present invention;

[0067] Figure 7 A cross-sectional structural schematic diagram of the drive cylinder, drill bit, and second ring of a highly adaptable multi-type geological exploration sampling device provided by the present invention;

[0068] Figure 8 A three-dimensional exploded structural diagram of the limiting block and trapezoidal teeth of a highly adaptable multi-type geological exploration sampling device provided by the present invention;

[0069] Figure 9 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the drill bit, trapezoidal collection box, and first storage tank of a highly adaptable multi-type geological exploration sampling device provided by the present invention.

[0070] Figure 10 This is a cross-sectional structural schematic diagram of the drill bit of a highly adaptable multi-type geological exploration sampling device provided by the present invention;

[0071] Figure 11 for Figure 10 Enlarged structural diagram at point A in the middle;

[0072] Figure 12 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the trapezoidal collection box and the material-dispensing teeth of a highly adaptable multi-type geological exploration sampling device provided by the present invention.

[0073] In the diagram: 1. Base; 2. Vertical plate; 3. Lifting plate; 4. Drive cylinder; 5. Drill bit; 6. Conveyor; 7. Spiral drill rod; 8. Rotating rod; 9. First gear; 10. Second gear; 11. Hydraulic automatic transmission; 12. Third gear; 13. Fourth gear; 14. Threaded rod; 15. Discharge pipe; 16. Rectangular groove; 17. First annular groove; 18. First ring; 19. Fixing rod; 20. Arc-shaped connecting plate; 21. Second annular groove; 22. Second ring; 23. First storage groove; 24. First hydraulic channel; 25. Live... 26. Plunger rod; 27. Trapezoidal teeth; 28. Limiting block; 29. ​​Sliding groove; 30. Fixing plate; 31. First limiting ring; 32. Infrared rangefinder; 33. Speed ​​sensor; 34. Sliding rod; 35. L-shaped plate; 36. Conical platform; 37. Feed chute; 38. Second hydraulic channel; 39. Connecting channel; 40. Trapezoidal collection box; 41. Feeding teeth; 42. Vertical rod; 43. Iron block; 44. Electromagnet; 45. Spring; 46. Second limiting ring; 47. Pressure sensor; 48. Moving vehicle body; 49. Hydraulic cylinder; 40. Pad block. Detailed Implementation

[0074] The technical solutions of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings of the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments.

[0075] In one embodiment: Refer to Figures 1-3 This sampling device relates to the field of geological exploration technology. The device mainly includes a base 1, vertical plates 2, a lifting plate 3, a drive cylinder 4, and a drill bit 5. The base 1 serves as the supporting foundation for the entire device, with two vertical plates 2 fixed to its top. A sliding lifting plate 3 is positioned between the two vertical plates 2. The drive cylinder 4 passes through the lifting plate 3, and the drill bit 5 is fixed to the bottom end of the drive cylinder 4.

[0076] Reference Figure 3 and Figure 4The drive structure is used to drive the drive cylinder 4 and drill bit 5 to rotate and move downwards for drilling. The drive structure includes a rotating rod 8 rotatably mounted on the top of the lifting plate 3, and a hydraulic automatic transmission 11 fixed to the bottom of the lifting plate 3. The input shaft of the hydraulic automatic transmission 11 is fixedly connected to the bottom end of the rotating rod 8. A first gear 9 is fixedly sleeved on the outer wall of the rotating rod 8, and a second gear 10 is rotatably connected to the top of the lifting plate 3. The second gear 10 is slidably sleeved on the outer wall of the drive cylinder 4 through a slide groove and a slider. A third gear 12 is fixed to the output shaft of the hydraulic automatic transmission 11. A threaded rod 14, which is threadedly connected to the lifting plate 3, is rotatably connected to one side of one of the vertical plates 2 through a base. The bottom end of the threaded rod 14 rotates on the top of the base 1. A fourth gear 13 is rotatably connected to the bottom of the lifting plate 3. The fourth gear 13 meshes with the third gear 12 and slides on the outer wall of the threaded rod 14 through a slide groove and a slider.

[0077] Specifically, the motor drives the rotating rod 8 and the first gear 9 to rotate. The first gear 9, in conjunction with the second gear 10, drives the drill bit 5 to rotate. The hydraulic automatic transmission 11 can adjust the rotational speed of the rotating rod 8. The adjusted speed drives the third gear 12 to rotate. The third gear 12, in conjunction with the fourth gear 13, drives the threaded rod 14 to rotate. Since the threaded rod 14 is threadedly connected to the lifting plate 3, when the threaded rod 14 rotates, the lifting plate 3 will drive the drive cylinder 4 and the drill bit 5 to move downward, thereby realizing the drilling operation by rotating and moving the drill bit 5 downward.

[0078] Reference Figure 4 and Figure 5 The drive structure also includes a first annular groove 17 provided on the outer wall of the drive cylinder 4, and a first ring 18 sleeved on the inner wall of the first annular groove 17, and the first ring 18 is fixed to the bottom of the lifting plate 3.

[0079] When the drill bit 5 is not in contact with the ground, the first ring 18 abuts against the top inner wall of the first annular groove 17. When the bottom of the drill bit 5 touches the ground, the first ring 18 abuts against the bottom inner wall of the first annular groove 17. At this time, the pressure sensor 46 detects the pressure applied by the first ring 18 to the drive cylinder 4. The pressure sensor 46 is electrically connected to the infrared rangefinder 31. The pressure sensor 46 transmits the pressure signal to the infrared rangefinder 31, and the infrared rangefinder 31 begins to detect the drilling depth of the drill bit 5 to calculate the feed rate of the drill bit 5. When the lifting plate 3 moves upward, the top of the first ring 18 abuts against the top inner wall of the first annular groove 17, pulling the drive cylinder 4 upward; conversely, the bottom of the first ring 18 abuts against the bottom inner wall of the first annular groove 17, pushing the drive cylinder 4 and the drill bit 5 downward to complete the drilling.

[0080] Reference Figure 7A storage structure is installed inside the drill bit 5 to allow the drill bit 5 to be easily removed from the hole after drilling. The storage structure includes a second annular groove 21 inside the drill bit 5, multiple first storage grooves 23 on the outer wall of the drill bit 5, and trapezoidal teeth 26 sliding within the first storage grooves 23. A second ring 22 is sealed and slides within the second annular groove 21. The inner walls of the multiple first storage grooves 23 on their adjacent sides are provided with first hydraulic channels 24, which are located below the second ring 22, for communicating between the second annular groove 21 and the first storage grooves 23. A piston rod 25, which is fixedly connected to the corresponding trapezoidal teeth 26, is sealed and slides within each of the multiple first hydraulic channels 24.

[0081] Reference Figure 5 and Figure 6 The bottom of the first ring 18 is slidably connected to two fixed rods 19, which are fixedly connected by two arc-shaped connecting plates 20. The bottom ends of the two fixed rods 19 are sealed and slidably extended into the second annular groove 21 and are fixedly connected to the top of the second ring 22.

[0082] Specifically, when the first ring 18 moves downward and abuts against the bottom inner wall of the first annular groove 17, the first ring 18 drives the second ring 22 downward through the fixing rod 19. The second ring 22 injects hydraulic oil from the second annular groove 21 into the first hydraulic channel 24, and the piston rod 25 pushes the trapezoidal teeth 26 outward under the action of the hydraulic oil. When the drill bit 5 is drilling, the trapezoidal teeth 26 can enlarge the inner diameter of the drill hole. After drilling is completed, the threaded rod 14 rotates in the opposite direction, and the lifting plate 3 pulls the drive cylinder 4 and the drill bit 5 upward through the first ring 18. The first ring 18 pulls the second ring 22 upward through the fixing rod 19, so that the trapezoidal teeth 26 are retracted into the first receiving groove 23. In this way, after drilling is completed, the drill bit 5 will not get stuck with the rock and soil on the inner wall of the hole, avoiding damage to the drive cylinder 4 and the drill bit 5 due to rock jamming, and facilitating the upward repositioning of the drive cylinder 4 and the drill bit 5.

[0083] Reference Figure 7 and Figure 8 The top of the trapezoidal tooth 26 is provided with a sliding groove 28, and a limiting block 27 is slidably connected in the sliding groove 28. The limiting block 27 is fixed to the outer wall of the drill bit 5 and is used to limit the trapezoidal tooth 26 to prevent the trapezoidal tooth 26 from falling out of the first storage groove 23 during the sliding process.

[0084] Reference Figure 4 , Figure 6 and Figure 7The drive structure also includes a sampling structure for sampling soil and rock when the drive structure drives the drill bit 5 to drill. The sampling structure includes multiple feed troughs 36 on the drill bit 5. The drive structure also has two conveying channels 6, which are respectively located at the bottom of the drive cylinder 4 and the top of the drill bit 5, and are connected to each other. The same spiral drill rod 7 is rotatably connected to the two conveying channels 6 for discharging soil and rock from the conveying channels 6 to the outside. The multiple feed troughs 36 are all connected to the conveying channels 6 located inside the drill bit 5 for discharging soil and rock into the conveying channels 6 when the drill bit 5 is drilling. A discharge pipe 15 for discharging soil and rock is fixed on one side of the drive cylinder 4. A flow sensor is installed in the discharge pipe 15 to measure the amount of soil and rock discharged and verify the conveying efficiency.

[0085] Specifically, when the drive cylinder 4 and drill bit 5 rotate and move downwards to drill, soil and rock fragments enter the conveying channel 6 through the feed chute 36. Since the drive cylinder 4 and drill bit 5 are rotating, while the sliding rod 33 and auger rod 7 are stationary under the action of the L-shaped plate 34, the soil and rock fragments in the conveying channel 6 are discharged to the outside through the discharge pipe 15 under the action of the auger rod 7. A flow sensor installed in the discharge pipe 15 can measure the amount of soil and rock discharged in real time, thereby verifying the conveying efficiency and ensuring the smooth progress of sampling.

[0086] Reference Figure 4 and Figure 7 An L-shaped plate 34 is fixed to the top of the lifting plate 3, and a sliding rod 33 that extends rotatably to the top of the drive cylinder 4 is fixed to the top of the auger drill rod 7. The top of the sliding rod 33 slides through the L-shaped plate 34. The sliding engagement between the sliding rod 33 and the L-shaped plate 34 allows the auger drill rod 7 and the drive cylinder 4 to rotate relative to each other, facilitating the transport of soil and rock by the auger drill rod 7.

[0087] Reference Figure 2 and Figure 7 Two fixing plates 29 are fixed to the top of the base 1. A first limiting ring 30 is fixed to one side of the two fixing plates 29 that are close to each other. The bottom end of the drive cylinder 4 passes through the first limiting ring 30. An infrared rangefinder 31 is fixed to the top of the first limiting ring 30 to detect the drilling depth of the first ring 18 driving the drill bit 5 to move downward. A pressure sensor 46 is fixedly embedded in the bottom of the first ring 18, and the pressure sensor 46 abuts against the bottom inner wall of the first annular groove 17. The pressure sensor 46 is electrically connected to the infrared rangefinder 31. When the first ring 18 abuts against the bottom inner wall of the first annular groove 17 and pushes the drive cylinder 4 and the drill bit 5 to drill, the pressure sensor 46 detects a pressure signal and transmits the signal to the infrared rangefinder 31, so that the infrared rangefinder 31 starts to detect the drilling depth of the drill bit 5. A speed sensor 32 is fixedly embedded in the top of the drive cylinder 4 to detect the speed of the drive cylinder 4 and the drill bit 5.

[0088] Reference Figure 7 The top of the drill bit 5 is fixed with a conical platform 35, the bottom end of the drive cylinder 4 passes through the conical platform 35, and the bottom ends of the two fixing rods 19 also pass through the conical platform 35. This design can prevent soil and rocks from accumulating on the drill bit 5 when it moves upward, ensuring the normal operation of the drill bit 5.

[0089] Reference Figure 1 and Figure 2 A movable carriage 47 is provided on one side of the base 1, and the movable carriage 47 is rotatably connected to the base 1 via a rotating shaft. Two hydraulic cylinders 48 are rotatably connected to the top of the movable carriage 47, and one end of the output shaft of each hydraulic cylinder 48 is rotatably connected to a vertical plate 2 on the side of the base 1 closest to the movable carriage 47. Through the extension and retraction of the hydraulic cylinders 48, the base 1 can be rotatably placed on the movable carriage 47, facilitating the transportation of the base 1. Two pads 49 are fixed to the top of the movable carriage 47 to support the corresponding vertical plate 2 when the base 1 and the vertical plate 2 are placed on the movable carriage 47, ensuring stability during transportation; a rectangular groove 16 is provided in the vertical plate 2 adjacent to the discharge pipe 15.

[0090] In another embodiment: Reference Figures 9-12 An improvement upon Embodiment 1: The outer wall of the drill bit 5 is provided with multiple second hydraulic channels 37. The sides of these channels that are close to each other are connected to the second annular groove 21 via connecting channels 38. The connection between the connecting channels 38 and the second annular groove 21 is located above the second ring 22. A trapezoidal collection box 39 is slidably connected within the second hydraulic channel 37 via a sealing piston plate (a spring seat abuts against the collection box 39, which retracts when the collection box 39 encounters a hard layer to prevent jamming). When the second ring 22 moves upward, the trapezoidal collection box 39 is driven to move out of the second hydraulic channel 37. Multiple material-pushing teeth 40 are fixed to one side of the trapezoidal collection box 39, used to scrape away soil and rock from the inner wall of the borehole when the drill bit 5 drives the trapezoidal collection box 39 to rotate.

[0091] Specifically, when the first ring 18 drives the drive cylinder 4 and drill bit 5 to move upward, the drill bit 5 and drive cylinder 4 move downward relative to the second ring 22 and fixed rod 19 under their own gravity. The second ring 22 draws the hydraulic oil in the first hydraulic channel 24 into the second annular groove 21 and stores the trapezoidal teeth 26 in the first storage groove 23. At the same time, the second ring 22 injects the hydraulic oil in the second annular groove 21 into the second hydraulic channel 37 and moves the trapezoidal collection box 39 out of the second hydraulic channel 37, so that the drill bit 5 can drive the trapezoidal collection box 39 to rotate and complete the scraping of soil and rocks on the inner wall of the hole.

[0092] refer to Figures 9-12Multiple iron blocks 42 are fixed to the bottom of the second ring 22. Multiple vertical rods 41 are fixed longitudinally inside the second annular groove 21. The top ends of the vertical rods 41 slide through the second ring 22. The iron blocks 42 are slidably sleeved on the outer wall of the corresponding vertical rods 41. An electromagnet 43 is slidably sleeved on the outer wall of the vertical rod 41. A spring 44 is fixed to the bottom of the electromagnet 43 through a spring seat. The bottom end of the spring 44 is fixedly connected to the bottom inner wall of the second annular groove 21 through a spring seat. The spring 44 is sleeved on the outer wall of the vertical rod 41. The spring constant of the spring 44 is in the range of 50N / m-150N / m. A second limiting ring 45 is fixed to the outer wall of the vertical rod 41 between the iron blocks 42 and the electromagnet 43 to limit the upward movement of the electromagnet 43.

[0093] Specifically, when the trapezoidal tooth 26 needs to be removed from the first receiving groove 23, the first ring 18 drives the drive cylinder 4 and drill bit 5 to move downwards. Under the action of the ground, the drill bit 5 moves upwards relative to the fixed rod 19. The second ring 22 injects hydraulic oil into the first hydraulic channel 24, and the trapezoidal tooth 26 moves out of the first hydraulic channel 24. Conversely, the second ring 22 moves upwards, sucking the hydraulic oil in the first hydraulic channel 24 into the second annular groove 21. The trapezoidal tooth 26 is stored in the first receiving groove 23, while the second ring 22 squeezes the hydraulic oil into the second hydraulic channel 37, pushing the trapezoidal collection box 39 out of the second hydraulic channel 37, which facilitates the scraping of soil and rocks later. When the trapezoidal collection box 39 and trapezoidal teeth 26 need to be stored in the second hydraulic channel 37 and the first storage groove 23 respectively, the electromagnet 43 is energized. The magnetic attraction between the electromagnet 43 and the iron block 42 drives the electromagnet 43 to move towards the iron block 42. Then, the electromagnet 43 is limited by the second limiting ring 45, thus driving the drill bit 5 to move relative to the iron block 42. This controls the hydraulic oil in the second annular groove 21, the first storage groove 23 and the second hydraulic channel 37, completing the storage operation of the trapezoidal collection box 39 and trapezoidal teeth 26.

[0094] A precise sampling method for a highly adaptable, multi-type geological exploration sampling device includes the following steps:

[0095] S1. The mobile vehicle body 47 is connected to the external transport machinery (which can be a tractor or a transport vehicle). The mobile vehicle body 47 is moved to the location to be surveyed. The output shaft of the hydraulic cylinder 48 extends and drives the base 1 to rotate counterclockwise. The base 1 moves from the mobile vehicle body 47 to one side of the mobile vehicle body 47 until the base 1 is placed on the ground.

[0096] S2. During the exploration, the motor drives the rotating rod 8 and the first gear 9 to rotate. The first gear 9 and the second gear 10 work together to drive the drill bit 5 to rotate. The hydraulic automatic transmission 11 adjusts the rotation speed of the rotating rod 8 and drives the third gear 12 to rotate. The third gear 12 and the fourth gear 13 work together to drive the threaded rod 14 to rotate. The threaded rod 14 is threadedly connected to the lifting plate 3. Therefore, the lifting plate 3 drives the driving cylinder 4 and the drill bit 5 to move down. The drill bit 5 rotates and moves down to drill. When the drill bit 5 is not in contact with the ground, the first ring 18 is in contact with the top inner wall of the first annular groove 17. When the bottom end of the drill bit 5 touches the ground, the first ring 18 is in contact with the bottom inner wall of the first annular groove 17. The pressure sensor 46 detects the pressure applied by the first ring 18 to the driving cylinder 4. At this time, the first ring 18 pushes the driving cylinder 4 and the drill bit 5 to move down and extend to the ground for geological exploration. Meanwhile, the infrared rangefinder 31 starts to detect the drilling depth of the drill bit 5 to calculate the feed speed of the drill bit 5.

[0097] S3. When the first ring 18 moves down and abuts against the bottom inner wall of the first annular groove 17, the first ring 18 drives the second ring 22 to move down through the fixed rod 19. The second ring 22 pushes the electromagnet 43 down through the iron block 42 and compresses the spring 44. The second ring 22 injects the hydraulic oil in the second annular groove 21 into the first hydraulic channel 24, and the piston rod 25 pushes the trapezoidal teeth 26 to extend outward under the action of the hydraulic oil. Therefore, when the drill bit 5 rotates down to drill, the trapezoidal teeth 26 can expand the inner diameter of the drill hole. When drilling is completed, the threaded rod 14 rotates in the opposite direction, and the lifting plate 3 pulls the drive cylinder 4 and the drill bit 5 upward through the first ring 18. A ring 18 pulls the second ring 22 upward through a fixed rod 19. Then, the electromagnet 43 is energized, and the electromagnet 43 moves upward and fits against the iron block 42. Under the limit of the second limiting ring 45, the electromagnet 43 drives the drill bit 5 to move upward as a whole. The second ring 22 moves upward relative to the drill bit 5. The second ring 22 draws the hydraulic oil in the first hydraulic channel 24 into the second annular groove 21, so that the trapezoidal teeth 26 are re-stored in the first storage groove 23. Therefore, after drilling is completed, the drill bit 5 will not be stuck with the rock and soil on the inner wall of the hole, avoiding damage to the drive cylinder 4 and the drill bit 5 due to being stuck by the rock, and facilitating the upward movement and reset of the drive cylinder 4 and the drill bit 5.

[0098] When S4, drive cylinder 4, and drill bit 5 rotate and move downward to drill, soil and rock fragments enter the conveying channel 6 through feed chute 36. Drive cylinder 4 and drill bit 5 are rotating, while sliding rod 33 and auger rod 7 are stationary under the action of L-shaped plate 34. Soil and rock fragments in conveying channel 6 are discharged to the outside through discharge pipe 15 under the action of auger rod 7. Flow sensor installed in discharge pipe 15 measures the amount of soil and rock discharged to verify conveying efficiency, while speed sensor 32 is used to detect speed. By calculating the feed speed through data from pressure sensor 46, measuring the amount of soil and rock discharged by flow sensor, and detecting the speed by speed sensor 32, the depth of the discharged soil and rock on the ground can be calculated, which facilitates the subsequent detection of soil and rock to determine the geological conditions underground.

[0099] S5. After drilling, when soil and rock samples need to be taken at a specified depth, the lifting plate 3 moves the drill bit 5 to the specified depth through the cooperation of the first ring 18 and the first annular groove 17. Then, the electromagnet 43 is de-energized, and the magnetic attraction between the iron block 42 and the electromagnet 43 is lost. The drill bit 5 moves down relative to the second ring 22. The second ring 22 injects hydraulic oil into the second hydraulic channel 37 through the connecting channel 38 and pushes the trapezoidal collection box 39 out of the second hydraulic channel 37. Then, the speed ratio of the first gear 9 and the third gear 12 is adjusted by the hydraulic automatic gearbox 11 so that the lifting plate 3 moves slowly during the rotation of the drive cylinder 4. Therefore, when the drive cylinder 4 drives the drill bit 5 to rotate, the soil and rock inside the hole can be scraped into the trapezoidal collection box 39 through the extended trapezoidal collection box 39. After the soil and rock sample collection at this depth is completed, the electromagnet 43 is energized again to store the trapezoidal collection box 39 into the second hydraulic channel 37, making it convenient to take the drill bit 5 out of the hole.

[0100] However, as is well known to those skilled in the art, the working principles and wiring methods of the electromagnet 43, infrared rangefinder 31, pressure sensor 46, hydraulic automatic transmission 11 and speed sensor 32 are commonplace and belong to conventional means or common knowledge. They will not be described in detail here. Those skilled in the art can make any selections according to their needs or convenience.

[0101] The accompanying drawings in this application are for illustrative purposes only. The dimensions and shapes of the components shown are not actual limitations but are merely schematic representations. In actual implementation, the components can be reasonably configured and adjusted according to specific needs and actual conditions.

[0102] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of protection of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any equivalent substitutions or modifications made by those skilled in the art within the scope of the technology disclosed in the present invention, based on the technical solution and inventive concept of the present invention, should be covered within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A highly adaptable multi-type geological exploration sampling device, characterized in that, include: A base (1), the top of which is fixedly connected to two vertical plates (2); The lifting plate (3) is slidably connected between the two vertical plates (2); The drive cylinder (4) passes through the lifting plate (3); The drill bit (5) is fixedly connected to the bottom end of the drive cylinder (4); The drive structure includes a rotating rod (8) rotatably connected to the top of the lifting plate (3) and a hydraulic automatic transmission (11) fixedly connected to the bottom of the lifting plate (3), wherein the input shaft of the hydraulic automatic transmission (11) is fixedly connected to the bottom end of the rotating rod (8); The storage structure includes a second annular groove (21) disposed in the drill bit (5), a plurality of first storage grooves (23) disposed on the outer wall of the drill bit (5), and trapezoidal teeth (26) slidably connected in the first storage grooves (23); The sampling structure includes multiple feed troughs (36) set on the drill bit (5); The drill bit (5) is driven to rotate and move downward to drill a hole by a drive structure. After drilling is completed, the storage structure stores the trapezoidal teeth (26) into the first storage groove (23) to prevent the drill bit (5) from being stuck in the hole.

2. The highly adaptable multi-type geological exploration sampling device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The drive structure also includes a first gear (9) fixedly sleeved on the outer wall of the rotating rod (8), a second gear (10) rotatably connected to the top of the lifting plate (3), a third gear (12) fixedly connected to the output shaft of the hydraulic automatic transmission (11), a threaded rod (14) rotatably connected to one side of the vertical plate (2), and a fourth gear (13) rotatably connected to the bottom of the lifting plate (3). The second gear (10) is slidably sleeved on the outer wall of the drive cylinder (4) through a groove and a slider; The fourth gear (13) meshes with the third gear (12) and slides on the outer wall of the threaded rod (14) through the groove and the slider; The threaded rod (14) is threadedly connected to the lifting plate (3); Among them, the motor drives the rotating rod (8) and the first gear (9) to rotate. The first gear (9) and the second gear (10) cooperate to drive the drive cylinder (4) to rotate. The hydraulic automatic gearbox (11) adjusts the speed and drives the third gear (12) to rotate. The third gear (12) and the fourth gear (13) cooperate to drive the threaded rod (14) to rotate, so that the lifting plate (3) is raised and lowered.

3. The highly adaptable multi-type geological exploration sampling device according to claim 2, characterized in that, The storage structure also includes a second ring (22) that is sealed and slidably connected in the second annular groove (21), a plurality of first hydraulic channels (24) disposed on the inner wall of the drill bit (5), and a piston rod (25) that is sealed and slidably connected in the first hydraulic channels (24); The first hydraulic channel (24) connects the second annular groove (21) with the first receiving groove (23); The piston rod (25) is fixedly connected to the trapezoidal teeth (26); It also includes a first ring (18), the bottom of which is slidably connected to two fixed rods (19), the bottom ends of which are sealed and slidably extended into the second annular groove (21) and fixedly connected to the top of the second ring (22); When the first ring (18) moves down, the second ring (22) is driven to move down by the fixed rod (19), and hydraulic oil is injected into the first hydraulic channel (24) to push the piston rod (25), so that the trapezoidal teeth (26) extend out from the first receiving groove (23) to expand the inner diameter of the borehole.

4. The highly adaptable multi-type geological exploration sampling device according to claim 3, characterized in that, The sampling structure also includes two conveying channels (6) set at the bottom of the drive cylinder (4) and the top of the drill bit (5), a spiral drill rod (7) rotatably connected in the two conveying channels (6), a discharge pipe (15) fixedly connected to one side of the drive cylinder (4), and an L-shaped plate (34) fixedly connected to the top of the lifting plate (3). The conveyor channels (6) are connected, and multiple feed troughs (36) are connected to the conveyor channels (6) located inside the drill bit (5); The top end of the spiral drill rod (7) is fixedly connected to a sliding rod (33), and the top end of the sliding rod (33) slides through the L-shaped plate (34); When the drive cylinder (4) and the drill bit (5) rotate, the soil and rocks enter the conveying channel (6) through the feed chute (36). The L-shaped plate (34) restricts the rotation of the sliding rod (33), so that the spiral drill rod (7) is stationary. The soil and rocks are discharged through the discharge pipe (15) under the action of the spiral drill rod (7).

5. The highly adaptable multi-type geological exploration sampling device according to claim 4, characterized in that, The outer wall of the drive cylinder (4) is provided with a first annular groove (17), and a first ring (18) is sleeved on the inner wall of the first annular groove (17). The first ring (18) is fixedly connected to the bottom of the lifting plate (3). The top of the base (1) is fixedly connected to two fixing plates (29), and a first limiting ring (30) is fixedly connected between the two fixing plates (29). The bottom end of the drive cylinder (4) passes through the first limiting ring (30). A pressure sensor (46) is fixedly embedded at the bottom of the first ring (18), and an infrared rangefinder (31) is fixedly embedded at the top of the first limiting ring (30). The pressure sensor (46) is in contact with the inner wall of the bottom of the first annular groove (17). When the drill bit (5) contacts the ground, the pressure sensor (46) detects the pressure signal and triggers the infrared rangefinder (31) to detect the drilling depth.

6. The highly adaptable multi-type geological exploration sampling device according to claim 5, characterized in that, The top of the drill bit (5) is fixedly connected to a conical platform (35), and the bottom end of the drive cylinder (4) passes through the conical platform (35). The top of the trapezoidal tooth (26) is provided with a sliding groove (28), and a limiting block (27) is slidably connected in the sliding groove (28). The limiting block (27) is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the drill bit (5). Among them, the conical platform (35) prevents soil and rock from accumulating, and the limiting block (27) restricts the movement range of the trapezoidal teeth (26).

7. A highly adaptable multi-type geological exploration sampling device according to claim 6, characterized in that, A movable vehicle (47) is provided on one side of the base (1), and the movable vehicle (47) is rotatably connected to the base (1) through a rotating shaft; Two hydraulic cylinders (48) are rotatably connected to the top of the mobile vehicle body (47), and one end of the output shaft of the two hydraulic cylinders (48) is rotatably connected to the vertical plate (2) of the base (1); The hydraulic cylinder (48) drives the base (1) to rotate and be placed on the mobile vehicle body (47) for easy transportation.

8. The highly adaptable multi-type geological exploration sampling device according to claim 7, characterized in that, The outer wall of the drill bit (5) is provided with a plurality of second hydraulic channels (37), and the plurality of second hydraulic channels (37) are connected to the second annular groove (21) through a connecting channel (38); A trapezoidal collection box (39) is slidably connected to the second hydraulic channel (37) via a sealed piston plate, and a plurality of material feeding teeth (40) are fixedly connected to one side of the trapezoidal collection box (39); When the second ring (22) moves upward, hydraulic oil is injected into the second hydraulic channel (37), driving the trapezoidal collection box (39) to move out, and the drill bit (5) rotates to drive the material-picking teeth (40) to scrape the soil and rocks inside the hole.

9. A highly adaptable multi-type geological exploration sampling device according to claim 8, characterized in that, Multiple iron blocks (42) are fixedly connected to the bottom of the second ring (22), and multiple vertical rods (41) are fixedly connected inside the second annular groove (21); The top end of the vertical rod (41) is sealed and slides through the second ring (22), and the iron block (42) is slidably sleeved on the outer wall of the vertical rod (41); An electromagnet (43) is slidably sleeved on the outer wall of the vertical rod (41). A spring (44) is fixedly connected to the bottom of the electromagnet (43) through a spring seat. The bottom end of the spring (44) is fixedly connected to the bottom of the second annular groove (21). The outer wall of the vertical rod (41) is fixedly connected to a second limiting ring (45), which is located between the iron block (42) and the electromagnet (43). Among them, the electromagnet (43) generates magnetic attraction when energized, which drives the iron block (42) to move and controls the flow of hydraulic oil to collect the trapezoidal collection box (39) and trapezoidal teeth (26).

10. A precise sampling method for a highly adaptable multi-type geological exploration sampling device, applied to the highly adaptable multi-type geological exploration sampling device described in claim 9, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: S1. Positioning and Deployment: Connect the mobile vehicle (47) to the transport machinery and move it to the survey location; start the hydraulic cylinder (48) to drive the base (1) to rotate and place it on the ground; S2, Drilling operation: Start the motor to drive the rotating rod (8) and the first gear (9), and drive the drill bit (5) to rotate via the second gear (10); at the same time, the hydraulic automatic transmission (11) adjusts the speed and drives the threaded rod (14) to rotate via the third gear (12) and the fourth gear (13), which drives the lifting plate (3), the drive cylinder (4) and the drill bit (5) to move down to drill; when the drill bit (5) is not touching the ground, the first ring (18) abuts against the top of the first annular groove (17); when the drill bit (5) touches the ground, the first ring (18) abuts against the bottom of the first annular groove (17), the pressure sensor (46) detects the pressure, and the drill bit (5) continues to move down; the infrared rangefinder (31) detects the drilling depth and calculates the feed rate; S3, Automatic Hole Enlargement: When the first ring (18) touches the bottom of the first annular groove (17), the second ring (22) is driven to move down by the fixed rod (19), pushing the iron block (42) and electromagnet (43) to move down to compress the spring (44), and press the hydraulic oil in the second annular groove (21) into the first hydraulic channel (24), pushing the piston rod (25) and trapezoidal teeth (26) to extend outward to enlarge the hole; S4. Soil and rock conveying and depth calculation: The drilled fragments enter the conveying channel (6) through the feed chute (36); the stationary auger drill rod (7) discharges the fragments through the discharge pipe (15); the flow sensor measures the discharge volume, and the speed sensor (32) detects the rotation speed of the drill bit (5); the in-situ depth of the discharged fragments is calculated by combining the feed speed, discharge volume and rotation speed. S5. Sampling at a specified depth: After drilling, the lifting plate (3) drives the drill bit (5) to the specified depth; the electromagnet (43) is de-energized, the drill bit (5) moves downwards, the second ring (22) injects hydraulic oil into the second hydraulic channel (37) through the connecting channel (38), and pushes out the trapezoidal collection box (39); the speed ratio of the hydraulic automatic gearbox (11) is adjusted so that the lifting plate (3) moves slowly when the drive cylinder (4) rotates, and the trapezoidal collection box (39) scrapes the soil and rocks from the hole wall; after sampling, the electromagnet (43) is energized to retract the trapezoidal collection box (39); S6, Recycling and Resetting: The threaded rod (14) reverses, and the lifting plate (3) drives the drive cylinder (4), drill bit (5) and first ring (18) to move upward; the first ring (18) drives the second ring (22) to move upward via the fixing rod (19); the electromagnet (43) is energized and moves upward to fit the iron block (42), driving the drill bit (5) to move upward as a whole; the second ring (22) moves upward to draw back the hydraulic oil, causing the trapezoidal teeth (26) to retract into the first storage groove (23); the hydraulic cylinder (48) is recycled, and the base (1) rotates to the moving vehicle body (47).

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