A depth control device for sowing in hilly areas

Abstract

The application discloses a seeding depth control device suitable for hilly and mountainous areas, which is installed on a seeding machine and comprises a ridge forming and soil taking device, a soil covering device, a soil covering transmission system and a power unit. The ridge forming and soil taking device comprises a rotary tiller, a ridge shaping plate which comprises a shaping part and a vertical plate part fixedly connected as a whole, and a soil blocking assembly which comprises an adjustable plate. The soil covering device comprises a soil covering amount adjusting mechanism which comprises a rotary adjusting shaft which is rotatable upward and downward and is connected to a side plate, and a rebounding surface plate which is fixed to the rotary adjusting shaft and is located higher than an opening and is obliquely opposite to the opening at an adjustable angle, and the rebounding surface plate is used for rebounding the soil thrown by the rotary tiller to the opening and making the rebounded soil penetrate through the opening backward. The soil covering device comprises conveying belt mechanisms which are inclined in opposite directions and soil sliding grooves. The scheme can be well adapted to the conditions of uneven land, small and scattered land and heavy soil in hilly and mountainous areas.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the field of agricultural machinery technology, in particular to a seeding depth control device suitable for hilly and mountainous areas. BACKGROUND

[0002] Hilly and mountainous areas are important production areas of corn, peanuts, soybeans and other dry crops in China. Although the planting area of crops in hilly and mountainous areas in China is large, the mechanized seeding level of dry crops is still low, and the seeding operation mainly relies on manual work, which has problems such as low efficiency, high labor intensity, and unstable seeding quality.

[0003] Because the plots in Huanghuaihai, Northeast China, Northwest China and other places are relatively flat, the single land area is large, and the soil is mainly sandy soil and loamy soil, which is suitable for the popularization and application of agricultural machinery. Therefore, corn, peanut and soybean seeders are widely used. However, in the southwest, south China and the Yangtze River Basin, the area of hilly and mountainous areas is large, the plots are uneven, the land is small and fragmented, and the soil is heavy, which puts forward higher requirements for the operation performance of the seeder. The existing seeder is difficult to adapt to the above working conditions, which affects the stability of the planting area of main grain and oil crops and the improvement of the mechanized production level.

[0004] Seeding depth is an important indicator for evaluating the operation quality of the seeder. If the seeding depth is too shallow, it is easy to have problems such as seed drying, difficult seedling and dead seedling. If the seeding depth is too deep, it is easy to have problems such as weak seedling and difficult seedling. The seeding depth of the seeder is mainly affected by the operation quality of the soil covering part. The existing soil covering mechanism of the seeder used in the plain and flat area cannot meet the demand of soil covering operation under the condition of uneven plots and heavy soil, which leads to inconsistent seeding depth and a large amount of seed drying, seriously affecting the seedling rate, yield and enthusiasm of farmers using the seeder. SUMMARY

[0005] The purpose of the present application is to provide a seeding depth control device suitable for hilly and mountainous areas to solve the problems in the prior art.

[0006] The purpose of the present application is achieved by a seeding depth control device suitable for hilly and mountainous areas, which is installed on a seeder as a whole, and comprises a ridge forming and soil taking device, a soil covering device, a soil covering transmission system and a power unit.

[0007] The ridge forming and soil taking device comprises:

[0008] The rotary tiller is in transmission connection with the power unit, and the rotary tiller is provided with a pair of left and right distributed side plates, the two side plates are fixedly connected with the frame, and a rotary tiller cavity accommodating the rotary tiller is formed between the two side plates.

[0009] The ridging shaping plate comprises a shaping part and a vertical plate part fixedly connected as a whole, the shaping part has a shaped groove with an opening downward and penetrating through front and back, and is used for shaping the ridge structure, and the vertical plate part is fixedly connected to the back sides of the two side plates and seals the cavity of the rotary tiller at the back side;

[0010] The soil retaining assembly comprises an adjustable plate adjustably connected to the frame, the adjustable plate is used for adjusting the penetrating surface of the opening;

[0011] The soil covering amount adjusting mechanism comprises a rotary adjusting shaft adjustably connected to the side plate and capable of rotating upward and downward, and a rebounding panel fixed to the rotary adjusting shaft, the rebounding panel is located in the cavity of the rotary tiller, the position of the rebounding panel is higher than the opening and is obliquely opposite to the opening at an adjustable angle, and the rebounding panel is used for rebounding the soil thrown by the rotary tiller to the opening and making the rebounded soil penetrate through the opening backward;

[0012] The soil covering device comprises a conveying belt mechanism and a soil sliding groove, the lowest end of the conveying belt mechanism is close to and located below the opening to receive the soil penetrating through the opening backward, the conveying belt mechanism conveys in a direction from the lowest end to the highest end, the highest end of the soil sliding groove is fixedly connected to the highest end of the conveying belt mechanism, and the soil sliding groove guides the soil to slide to the ground in a direction from the highest end to the lowest end;

[0013] The conveying belt mechanism is drivingly connected to the power unit through a soil covering transmission system.

[0014] The present application has the following beneficial effects:

[0015] The present application can be well adapted to the uneven land, small and scattered land and heavy soil in hilly and mountainous areas;

[0016] The opening is a channel for the soil from the ridging soil taking device to the soil covering device, facilitates the soil thrown by the rotary tiller to be conveyed to the rear of the ridging soil taking device, and the opening is provided with the adjustable plate which can be adjusted in lifting, so that the amount of the soil conveyed backward can be controlled;

[0017] The rebounding panel can rebound the soil thrown by the rotary tiller to the opening at the upper part of the ridging shaping plate, and the soil covering amount adjusting mechanism has the rotary adjusting function, so that the rebounding panel can be rotated and adjusted to adjust the impact angle and the frontal impact area of the soil, so as to adjust the amount of the rebounded soil, and finally realize the adjustment of the soil covering amount and the soil covering thickness. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0018] Figure 1 is a perspective view of the present application.

[0019] Figure 2It is a schematic diagram of the front side structure of the application.

[0020] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the installation position of the side gearbox.

[0021] Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of the front side structure of the application.

[0022] Figure 5 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the ridging and shaping plate.

[0023] Figure 6 It is a schematic diagram of the soil retaining assembly.

[0024] Figure 7 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the soil covering amount adjusting mechanism.

[0025] Figure 8 It is a schematic diagram of the principle of the soil covering amount adjusting mechanism.

[0026] Figure 9 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the soil sliding groove.

[0027] Figure 10 It is a schematic diagram of the installation structure of the driving shaft and the driven shaft.

[0028] Figure 11 It is a schematic diagram of one of the structures of the conveying belt mechanism.

[0029] Figure 12 It is a schematic diagram of another structure of the conveying belt mechanism.

[0030] Figure 13 It is a schematic diagram of the soil covering transmission system. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0031] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the application will be described clearly and completely below with reference to the drawings of the embodiments of the application. Figures 1-13 It should be apparent that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the application, rather than all the embodiments. Based on the embodiments in the application, all other embodiments obtained by a person of ordinary skill in the art without creative work fall within the protection scope of the application.

[0032] For the convenience of description, based on the technical common sense in the industry, the forward direction of the machine tool operation is set as the front, the left side of the observer is the left, and the right side of the observer is the right when standing behind the machine tool and looking forward.

[0033] As shown in Figures 1-13 , a seeding depth control device suitable for hilly and mountainous areas is proposed, which is installed on a seeding machine as a whole. Figure 1 It includes a ridging and soil taking device 1, a soil covering device 2, a soil covering transmission system 3, and a power unit.

[0034] The ridging and soil taking device 1 comprises:

[0035] A three-point linkage 1-1 and a frame 1-2, the three-point linkage 1-1 is fixedly connected with the main body structure of the seeding machine, and the three-point linkage 1-1 suspends and fixedly connects the frame 1-2;

[0036] A rotary tiller driven by the power unit, the rotary tiller is provided with a pair of left and right side plates, the rotary direction of the rotary tiller is consistent with the tire rotation direction when the seeding machine advances, the two side plates are fixedly connected with the frame 1-2, a rotary tiller cavity accommodating the rotary tiller is formed between the two side plates, the front ends of two rear hanging beams 1-8 are fixedly connected with the two side plates, and the rear ends of the two rear hanging beams 1-8 are fixedly connected with the main body of the seeding machine;

[0037] A ridging and shaping plate 1-7, as shown in Figure 5 , comprises a shaping portion 107b and a vertical plate portion 107c fixedly connected as a whole, the shaping portion 107b has a forming groove with an opening downward and penetrating through front and back, the shaping portion 107b is used for shaping the ridge structure, and the shape of the shaping portion 107b and the forming groove is designed according to the cross-sectional shape of the ridge when different crops are planted, and the vertical plate portion 107c is fixedly connected with the rear sides of the two side plates and seals the rotary tiller cavity at the rear sides;

[0038] A soil blocking assembly 1-9, as shown in Figure 6 , a rectangular opening 107a in communication with the rotary tiller cavity is formed in the upper side of the vertical plate portion 107c, the length direction of the opening 107a is perpendicular to the driving direction, the soil blocking assembly 1-9 comprises an adjustable plate 1-9-2 adjustably connected with the frame 1-2, the adjustable plate 1-9-2 is used for adjusting the size of the through face of the opening 107a, which is equivalent to a valve, controls the soil passing amount of the opening 107a, and adjusts the soil amount from the rotary tiller cavity to the soil covering device 2 to adapt to different soil covering thickness requirements;

[0039] A soil covering amount adjusting mechanism 1-10, as shown in Figure 2 , 7 , 8, in order to ensure that sufficient soil enters the soil covering device 2 under the condition that the soil is wet and sticky, the soil covering amount adjusting mechanism 1-10 comprises a rotary adjusting shaft 1-10-2 adjustably connected with the side plate and rotatable upward and downward, and a rebounding panel 1-10-1 fixed on the rotary adjusting shaft 1-10-2, the rebounding panel 1-10-1 is located in the rotary tiller cavity, the position of the rebounding panel 1-10-1 is higher than the opening 107a and is obliquely opposite to the opening 107a at an adjustable angle, and the rebounding panel 1-10-1 is used for rebounding the soil thrown out by the rotary tiller to the opening 107a and making the rebounded soil penetrate through the opening 107a rearward (as shown in Figure 8 ).

[0040] The opening 107a is a passage for soil from the ridging soil taking device 1 to the soil covering device 2, and the width of the opening 107a is 2-4 cm less than the width of the conveying belt 2-5 in the soil covering device 2. The lower bottom of the opening 107a is slightly higher than the height of the center line of the driven shaft 2-4 in the soil covering device 2, so that the soil thrown by the rotary tiller 1-4 can be smoothly conveyed to the rear of the ridging soil taking device 1.

[0041] As shown in Figure 1 , 9 , the soil covering device 2 includes a conveying belt mechanism and a soil sliding groove 2-7 inclined in opposite directions. The lowest end of the conveying belt mechanism is close to and located below the opening 107a to receive the soil passing through the opening 107a rearward. The conveying belt mechanism conveys the soil in a direction from the lowest end to the highest end. The highest end of the soil sliding groove 2-7 is fixedly connected to the highest end of the conveying belt mechanism. The soil sliding groove 2-7 guides the soil to slide to the ground in a direction from the highest end to the lowest end.

[0042] As shown in Figure 1 , the conveying belt mechanism is drivingly connected to the power unit through the soil covering transmission system 3.

[0043] As shown in Figure 2 , 7 , the soil covering amount adjusting mechanism 1-10 further includes an adjusting handle 1-10-3. One end of the rotary adjusting shaft 1-10-2 penetrates out of the side plate and is fixedly connected to one end of the adjusting handle 1-10-3. An adjusting base plate is fixedly connected to the upper end of the side plate corresponding to the adjusting handle 1-10-3. An adjusting guide hole 1-10-4 for guiding the angle adjusting track of the rebounding panel 1-10-1 is formed in the adjusting base plate. The adjusting guide hole 1-10-4 extends in an arc shape with the rotary adjusting shaft 1-10-2 as the center. A fastener penetrates the other end of the adjusting handle 1-10-3 and the adjusting guide hole 1-10-4. Figure 7 , 8 As shown in , the rebounding panel 1-10-1 is mainly used to rebound the soil thrown by the rotary tiller 1-4 to the opening 107a on the upper part of the ridging shaping plate 1-7. The soil covering amount adjusting mechanism 1-10 has a rotary adjusting function. The rotary adjusting shaft 1-10-2 can be rotated and adjusted by holding the adjusting handle 1-10-3, so as to adjust the impact angle and the frontal impact area of the rebounding panel 1-10-1 with the soil, thereby adjusting the amount of rebounding soil, and finally adjusting the soil covering amount and the soil covering thickness.

[0044] Figure 6As shown in the figure, the above-mentioned soil retaining assembly 1-9 further comprises a vertically arranged fixed plate 1-9-1 fixedly connected to the frame 1-2, which is provided with a pair of vertically extending guide holes, and the adjustable plate 1-9-2 is adjustably arranged along the guide holes of the fixed plate 1-9-1, and the fastener penetrates the guide holes of the adjustable plate 1-9-2 and the fixed plate 1-9-1.

[0045] As shown in the figure, Figure 9 The conveying belt mechanism of the above-mentioned soil covering device 2 comprises:

[0046] The left side plate 2-1 and the right side plate 2-2 extend obliquely along the conveying direction, the lowest end of the left side plate 2-1 and the right side plate 2-2 is fixedly connected to the vertical plate part 107c of the ridge shaping plate 1-7, and the opening 107a is between the left side plate 2-1 and the right side plate 2-2;

[0047] The driving shaft 2-3 at the highest end position of the conveying belt mechanism is in transmission connection with the power unit, as shown in the figure, Figure 10 Both ends of the driving shaft 2-3 are rotatably connected to the left side plate 2-1 and the right side plate 2-2 through the bearing seat 2-6;

[0048] The driven shaft 2-4 at the lowest end position of the conveying belt mechanism, both ends of the driven shaft 2-4 are rotatably connected to the left side plate 2-1 and the right side plate 2-2 through the bearing seat 2-6;

[0049] The conveying belt 2-5, the conveying belt 2-5 is sleeved on the driving shaft 2-3 and the driven shaft 2-4, and is between the left side plate 2-1 and the right side plate 2-2, both long side parts of the conveying belt 2-5 are provided with side plates 25b for limiting the position of the soil, and the conveying belt 2-5 is integrally connected with a plurality of blocking plates 25a for limiting the position of the soil distributed along the length direction, and both ends of the blocking plate 25a are integrally connected with the two side plates 25b respectively.

[0050] Among them, the left side plate 2-1 and the right side plate 2-2 are fixed on the ridge soil taking device 1 in left-right symmetry, the included angle between the upper edge line of the left side plate 2-1(or the right side plate 2-2) and the horizontal plane is adjustable between 30° to 50°, the larger the angle, the larger the space at the lower part of the soil covering device 2, which is more conducive to arranging large seeding, ditching device and the like; The distance between the left side plate 2-1 and the right side plate 2-2 is slightly wider than the width of the conveying belt 2-5, and the width of the conveying belt 2-5 is slightly wider than the width of the opening 107a of the ridge soil taking device 1 by 2 to 4 cm, the conveying belt 2-5 is provided with blocking plates 25a arranged at equal intervals to prevent soil from sliding or rolling off the conveying belt 2-5 during conveying, and the conveying belt 2-5 is provided with side plates 25b on both sides to prevent soil from leaking from both sides of the conveying belt 2-5 during conveying when encountering unevenness on the ground.

[0051] As shown in the figure, Figure 11As shown, based on the view of the vertical to the conveying belt 2-5 surface, the blocking plate 25a of the conveying belt 2-5 is arranged as a plate structure perpendicular to the side blocking plate 25b, and the blocking plate 25a is equivalent to a "one" shaped structure.

[0052] As shown, based on the view of the vertical to the conveying belt 2-5 surface, the blocking plate 25a of the conveying belt 2-5 is arranged as a plate structure perpendicular to the side blocking plate 25b, and the blocking plate 25a is equivalent to a "one" shaped structure. Figure 12 As shown, based on the view of the vertical to the conveying belt 2-5 surface, the blocking plate 25a of the conveying belt 2-5 is arranged as a plate structure perpendicular to the side blocking plate 25b, and the blocking plate 25a is equivalent to a "one" shaped structure.

[0053] As shown, based on the view of the vertical to the conveying belt 2-5 surface, the blocking plate 25a of the conveying belt 2-5 is arranged as a plate structure perpendicular to the side blocking plate 25b, and the blocking plate 25a is equivalent to a "one" shaped structure. Figure 9 As shown, based on the view of the vertical to the conveying belt 2-5 surface, the blocking plate 25a of the conveying belt 2-5 is arranged as a plate structure perpendicular to the side blocking plate 25b, and the blocking plate 25a is equivalent to a "one" shaped structure.

[0054] The left rotating shaft 2-13, the middle rotating shaft 2-14 and the right rotating shaft 2-15 are arranged from left to right on the inner wall of the soil chute 2-7 close to the outlet, and the middle rotating shaft 2-14 is located at the middle position of the soil chute 2-7, and the left rotating shaft 2-13, the middle rotating shaft 2-14 and the right rotating shaft 2-15 are all perpendicular to the bottom plate 2-16 of the soil chute 2-7.

[0055] The angle between the bottom plate 2-16 and the horizontal plane is required to be greater than the sliding angle of the soil, generally between 45° and 60°, the more viscous the soil is, the larger the angle should be, the larger the angle is, the more smooth the soil flows on the bottom plate 2-16.

[0056] The left one adjusting plate 2-9 and the left two adjusting plate 2-10 are both perpendicular to the bottom plate 2-16 of the soil chute 2-7, one side of the left one adjusting plate 2-9 is rotatably connected to the inner wall of the soil chute 2-7 through the left rotating shaft 2-13, and one side of the left two adjusting plate 2-10 is rotatably connected to the inner wall of the soil chute 2-7 through the middle rotating shaft 2-14, and the left one adjusting plate 2-9 and the left two adjusting plate 2-10 form a left soil covering channel with adjustable width to accommodate the soil passing through.

[0057] The right one adjusting plate 2-12 and the right two adjusting plate 2-11 are both perpendicular to the bottom plate 2-16 of the soil chute 2-7, one side of the right two adjusting plate 2-11 is rotatably connected to the inner wall of the soil chute 2-7 through the middle rotating shaft 2-14, and one side of the right one adjusting plate 2-12 is rotatably connected to the inner wall of the soil chute 2-7 through the right rotating shaft 2-15, and the right one adjusting plate 2-12 and the right two adjusting plate 2-11 form a right soil covering channel with adjustable width to accommodate the soil passing through.

[0058] The inner cavity of the soil chute 2-7 is also provided with a soil uniformity adjusting plate 2-8 for ensuring equal soil amount on the left and right sides, the soil uniformity adjusting plate 2-8 is rotatably connected to the inner wall of the soil chute 2-7 through the middle rotating shaft 2-14, the soil uniformity adjusting plate 2-8 is perpendicular to the bottom plate 2-16 of the soil chute 2-7 and is located on the upper side of the left second adjusting plate 2-10 and the right second adjusting plate 2-11.

[0059] The soil uniformity adjusting plate 2-8 can be rotated around the middle rotating shaft 2-14 for adjustment to ensure equal soil amount on the left and right sides; the left first adjusting plate 2-9 can be rotated around the left rotating shaft 2-13 for adjustment, and the left second adjusting plate 2-10 can be rotated around the middle rotating shaft 2-14 for adjustment, which together ensure that the soil is accurately covered on the left seeding row; the right second adjusting plate 2-11 can be rotated around the middle rotating shaft 2-14 for adjustment, and the right first adjusting plate 2-12 can be rotated around the right rotating shaft 2-15 for adjustment, which together ensure that the soil is accurately covered on the right seeding row; the number of adjusting plates can be determined according to the number of rows of one-time seeding; the distance between the openings of the adjusting plates can be determined according to the seeding row distance; the lower edge of the soil chute 2-7 is close to the ground to prevent the soil from not being accurately covered on the seeding row due to uneven ground and machine vibration.

[0060] It is worth mentioning that the above-mentioned adjusting plates are locked in position after being rotated and adjusted.

[0061] As shown in Figure 13 , the above-mentioned power unit includes a main gearbox 1-5 fixedly connected to the frame 1-2, the main gearbox 1-5 has a power input shaft in transmission connection with the main power system of the seeding machine, and also has two power output shafts.

[0062] The above-mentioned soil covering transmission system 3 includes a first-stage transmission chain 3-1, a bridge transmission shaft 3-2 and a second-stage transmission chain 3-3 in sequence, and the first-stage transmission chain 3-1, the bridge transmission shaft 3-2 and the second-stage transmission chain 3-3 are in sequence to drive the main shaft 2-3 of the conveying belt mechanism to rotate actively, thereby driving the conveying belt 2-5 to move from front to back and from low end to high end.

[0063] The above-mentioned first-stage transmission chain 3-1 is in transmission connection with two first-stage transmission sprockets, the two first-stage transmission sprockets are respectively sleeved on one power output shaft of the main gearbox 1-5 and one end of the bridge transmission shaft 3-2, and the bridge transmission shaft 3-2 is rotatably connected to the frame 1-2.

[0064] The above-mentioned second-stage transmission chain 3-3 is in transmission connection with two second-stage transmission sprockets, the two second-stage transmission sprockets are respectively sleeved on the other end of the bridge transmission shaft 3-2 and one end of the main shaft 2-3.

[0065] As shown in Figure 3 , 13As shown, the device further comprises a side gearbox 1-6 fixedly connected to the outer wall of a side plate.

[0066] The rotary tiller comprises a rotary tiller shaft 1-3 horizontally extending in the left-right direction, and a plurality of rotary tillers 1-4 fixedly connected to the rotary tiller shaft 1-3 in the axial and circumferential directions, and the rotary tiller shaft 1-3 is rotatably connected to the two side plates. The rotary tiller shaft 1-3 is a through shaft, so as to facilitate the rotary tillage and crushing of the soil in the working width, and facilitate the throwing of the soil through the openings 107a on the ridge shaping plate 1-7 to the main covering device 2.

[0067] The other power output shaft of the main gearbox 1-5 is in transmission connection with the power input end of the side gearbox 1-6, and the power output end of the side gearbox 1-6 is in transmission connection with the rotary tiller shaft 1-3.

[0068] Therefore, in the embodiment, the main gearbox 1-5 can simultaneously transmit power to the rotary tiller and the rear conveying belt mechanism, and the rotary action of the rotary tiller and the conveying action of the conveying belt mechanism can form a synchronous effect.

[0069] In the description of the present application, it should be noted that the terms "center", "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "front", "rear", and the like indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present application and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the devices or elements referred to must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as a limitation on the present application; in the present application, it should be noted that the terms "mounting", "connection" should be understood broadly, for example, it can be fixedly connected, or it can be detachably connected, or it can be integrally connected, or it can be indirectly connected through an intermediate connecting part, and the specific meaning of the terms in the present application can be understood according to the specific circumstances.

[0070] It is obvious to those skilled in the art that the present application is not limited to the details of the above exemplary embodiments, and can be implemented in other specific forms without departing from the spirit or essential characteristics of the present application. Therefore, from any point of view, the embodiments should be regarded as exemplary and non-limiting, and the scope of the present application is defined by the appended claims rather than the above description, and therefore all changes falling within the meaning and scope of the equivalent elements of the claims are intended to be included in the present application, and any reference signs in the claims should not be regarded as limiting the claims involved.

[0071] Furthermore, it should be understood that although the specification is described in terms of embodiments, not every embodiment includes every feature or implementation described herein. The specification can include implicit combinations of explicitly mentioned features and / or implicit combinations of implicitly mentioned features. Such combinations are also expressly included within the scope of the specification and an embodiment.

Claims

1. A depth control device for seeding in hilly areas, which is integrally installed on a seeding machine, characterized in that, It includes ridge forming and soil taking device (1), soil covering device (2), soil covering transmission system (3), power unit; The ridge forming and soil taking device (1) comprises: The rotary tiller is in transmission connection with the power unit, and is provided with a pair of left and right distributed side plates, the two side plates are fixedly connected with the frame (1-2), and a rotary tiller cavity accommodating the rotary tiller is formed between the two side plates; The ridge shaping plate (1-7) comprises a shaping portion (107b) and a vertical plate portion (107c) fixedly connected as a whole, the shaping portion (107b) has a forming groove with an opening downward and penetrating through front and back, and is used for shaping the ridge structure, and the vertical plate portion (107c) is fixedly connected with the rear sides of the two side plates and seals the rotary tiller cavity at the rear sides; The soil blocking assembly (1-9) comprises an adjustable plate (1-9-2) which is adjustably connected with the frame (1-2), the adjustable plate (1-9-2) is used for adjusting the through surface of the opening (107a); The soil covering amount adjusting mechanism (1-10) comprises a rotary adjusting shaft (1-10-2) which is adjustably connected with the side plate and can rotate upward and downward, and a rebounding panel (1-10-1) fixed on the rotary adjusting shaft (1-10-2), the rebounding panel (1-10-1) is located in the rotary tiller cavity, the position of the rebounding panel (1-10-1) is higher than the opening (107a) and is obliquely opposite to the opening (107a) at an adjustable angle, and the rebounding panel (1-10-1) is used for rebounding the soil thrown out by the rotary tiller to the opening (107a) and making the rebounded soil penetrate through the opening (107a) rearward; The soil covering device (2) comprises a conveying belt mechanism and a soil sliding groove (2-7) which are inclined in opposite directions, the lowest end of the conveying belt mechanism is close to and located below the position of the opening (107a) to receive the soil penetrating through the opening (107a) rearward, the conveying belt mechanism conveys in the direction from the lowest end to the highest end, the highest end of the soil sliding groove (2-7) is fixedly connected with the highest end of the conveying belt mechanism, and the soil sliding groove (2-7) guides the soil to slide to the ground in the direction from the highest end to the lowest end; The conveying belt mechanism is in transmission connection with the power unit through the soil covering transmission system (3); The soil covering amount adjusting mechanism (1-10) further comprises an adjusting handle (1-10-3), one end of the rotary adjusting shaft (1-10-2) penetrates out of the side plate and is fixedly connected with one end of the adjusting handle (1-10-3), an adjusting base plate is fixed on the upper end of the side plate corresponding to the adjusting handle (1-10-3), an adjusting guide hole (1-10-4) for guiding the angle adjusting track of the rebounding panel (1-10-1) is formed in the adjusting base plate, the adjusting guide hole (1-10-4) extends in an arc shape with the rotary adjusting shaft (1-10-2) as the center, and a fastener penetrates the other end of the adjusting handle (1-10-3) and the adjusting guide hole (1-10-4).

2. The depth control device for seeding in hilly areas according to claim 1, characterized in that: The soil retaining assembly (1-9) further comprises a vertically arranged fixing plate (1-9-1) fixedly connected with the rack (1-2) and having a pair of vertically extending guide holes, and the adjustable plate (1-9-2) is adjustably arranged along the guide holes of the fixing plate (1-9-1), and a fastener is threaded through the guide holes of the adjustable plate (1-9-2) and the fixing plate (1-9-1).

3. The depth control device for seeding in hilly areas according to claim 1, characterized in that: The conveying belt mechanism of the soil covering device (2) comprises: Left and right side plates (2-1) and (2-2) obliquely extending along the conveying direction, the lowest ends of the left and right side plates (2-1) and (2-2) being fixedly connected with the vertical plate part (107c) of the ridge shaping plate (1-7), and the opening (107a) being located between the left and right side plates (2-1) and (2-2); A driving shaft (2-3) at the highest end position of the conveying belt mechanism and in transmission connection with the power unit, both ends of the driving shaft (2-3) being rotatably connected with the left and right side plates (2-1) and (2-2) through bearing seats (2-6); A driven shaft (2-4) at the lowest end position of the conveying belt mechanism, both ends of the driven shaft (2-4) being rotatably connected with the left and right side plates (2-1) and (2-2) through bearing seats (2-6); A conveying belt (2-5) sleeved with the driving shaft (2-3) and the driven shaft (2-4) and located between the left and right side plates (2-1) and (2-2), both long side parts of the belt surface of the conveying belt (2-5) being provided with side plates (25b) for limiting the position of the soil, and the belt surface of the conveying belt (2-5) being further integrally connected with a plurality of blocking plates (25a) for limiting the position of the soil and spaced along the length direction of the belt surface, both ends of each blocking plate (25a) being integrally connected with two side plates (25b).

4. The depth control device for sowing in hilly areas according to claim 1, characterized in that: The left and right sides of the soil chute (2-7) are both provided with side plates, the lowest end of the soil chute (2-7) being provided with a soil outlet, and the inner cavity of the soil chute (2-7) being provided with: A left rotating shaft (2-13), a middle rotating shaft (2-14) and a right rotating shaft (2-15) arranged from left to right at a position close to the outlet on the inner wall of the soil chute (2-7), and the middle rotating shaft (2-14) being located at the middle position of the soil chute (2-7), and the left rotating shaft (2-13), the middle rotating shaft (2-14) and the right rotating shaft (2-15) all being perpendicular to the bottom plate (2-16) of the soil chute (2-7); A left first adjusting plate (2-9) and a left second adjusting plate (2-10) both being perpendicular to the bottom plate (2-16) of the soil chute (2-7), one side of the left first adjusting plate (2-9) being rotatably and adjustably connected with the inner wall of the soil chute (2-7) through the left rotating shaft (2-13), one side of the left second adjusting plate (2-10) being rotatably and adjustably connected with the inner wall of the soil chute (2-7) through the middle rotating shaft (2-14), and the left first adjusting plate (2-9) and the left second adjusting plate (2-10) forming a left soil covering channel with adjustable width for accommodating the soil passing through; Right one adjusting plate (2-12) and right two adjusting plate (2-11), both are perpendicular to the bottom plate (2-16) of the soil chute (2-7), the right two adjusting plate (2-11) is rotatably connected to the inner wall of the soil chute (2-7) through the middle rotating shaft (2-14), the right one adjusting plate (2-12) is rotatably connected to the inner wall of the soil chute (2-7) through the right rotating shaft (2-15), the right one adjusting plate (2-12) and the right two adjusting plate (2-11) form the right covering channel with adjustable width.

5. The depth control device for sowing in hilly areas according to claim 4, characterized in that: The angle between the bottom plate (2-16) of the soil chute (2-7) and the horizontal plane is greater than the sliding angle of the soil; the inner cavity of the soil chute (2-7) is also provided with a soil uniformity adjusting plate (2-8) for ensuring the equal amount of soil on both sides, the soil uniformity adjusting plate (2-8) is rotatably connected to the inner wall of the soil chute (2-7) through the middle rotating shaft (2-14), the soil uniformity adjusting plate (2-8) is perpendicular to the bottom plate (2-16) of the soil chute (2-7) and is located above the left two adjusting plate (2-10) and the right two adjusting plate (2-11).

6. The depth control device for sowing in hilly areas according to claim 3, characterized in that: The power unit includes a main gearbox (1-5) fixedly connected to the frame (1-2), the main gearbox (1-5) has a power input shaft connected to the driving system of the seeding machine, and also has two power output shafts; The soil covering transmission system (3) includes a first-stage transmission chain (3-1), a bridge transmission shaft (3-2), and a second-stage transmission chain (3-3); The first-stage transmission chain (3-1) is drivingly connected with two first-stage transmission sprockets, the two first-stage transmission sprockets are respectively sleeved on one power output shaft of the main gearbox (1-5) and one end of the bridge transmission shaft (3-2), and the bridge transmission shaft (3-2) is rotatably connected to the frame (1-2); The second-stage transmission chain (3-3) is drivingly connected with two second-stage transmission sprockets, the two second-stage transmission sprockets are respectively sleeved on the other end of the bridge transmission shaft (3-2) and one end of the main shaft (2-3).

7. The depth control device for sowing in hilly areas according to claim 6, characterized in that: It also includes a side gearbox (1-6) fixedly connected to the outer wall of one side plate; The rotary tillage tool includes a rotary tillage tool shaft (1-3) extending horizontally along the left-right direction, and a plurality of rotary tillage tools (1-4) fixedly connected to the rotary tillage tool shaft (1-3) in the axial and circumferential directions, and the rotary tillage tool shaft (1-3) is rotatably connected to the two side plates; The other power output shaft of the main gearbox (1-5) is drivingly connected to the power input end of the side gearbox (1-6), and the power output end of the side gearbox (1-6) is drivingly connected to the rotary tillage tool shaft (1-3).

8. The depth control device for sowing in hilly areas according to claim 3, characterized in that: Based on the perspective view perpendicular to the belt surface of the conveying belt (2-5), the blocking plate (25a) of the conveying belt (2-5) is arranged as a plate structure perpendicular to the side blocking plate (25b).

9. The depth control device for sowing in hilly areas according to claim 3, characterized in that: Based on the perspective view perpendicular to the belt surface of the conveying belt (2-5), the blocking plate (25a) of the conveying belt (2-5) is arranged as a V-shaped plate, and the opening direction is backward.

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