Reusable cushioning energy absorbing structure, device

Abstract

The application provides a reusable buffer energy-absorbing structure and device. The buffer energy-absorbing structure comprises at least four buffer energy-absorbing plate members, each of which is provided with a splicing slot, the buffer energy-absorbing plate members are connected through the splicing slots to form a cross connection structure in a grid structure, and at least one grid in the cross connection structure is provided with a buffer energy-absorbing pipe; the wall thickness of the buffer energy-absorbing pipe ranges from 0.1 mm to 10 mm, and the ratio between the wall thickness of the buffer energy-absorbing pipe and the thickness of the buffer energy-absorbing plate member ranges from 0.5 to 20. The application improves the self-recovery capability of the buffer energy-absorbing device, so that the device can be reused without maintenance.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of repeatable buffering and energy absorption, and particularly relates to a reusable buffering and energy absorption structure and device. BACKGROUND

[0002] Energy absorption materials and structures (EAMS) are widely used in the automotive, sports, and defense fields to protect people and systems from external impact loads such as collisions, blasts, and ballistic impacts. Architectural metallic materials can be the most widely used EAMS platform because they can absorb impact energy and have compressibility, which can reduce impact intensity by prolonging impact duration.

[0003] In the prior art, the characteristics of traditional metallic materials (such as steel, aluminum alloy, etc.) are usually utilized, light-weight metallic porous materials are filled in the metallic thin-walled structure, and are reasonably distributed according to the strength, thereby forming a buffering and energy absorption structure with a functional gradient change. Then, the impact energy is dissipated through the plastic deformation of the metallic thin-walled structure and the compression of the filling materials, thereby improving the energy absorption efficiency.

[0004] However, the buffering and energy absorption device manufactured by the existing architectural metallic materials has the problems of excessive deformation or local fracture of the local structure during the buffering process, and poor reusability. SUMMARY

[0005] The embodiments of the present application provide a reusable buffering and energy absorption structure and device to solve the problems of excessive deformation or local fracture of the local structure during the buffering process of the buffering and energy absorption device manufactured by the existing structural metallic materials, and poor reusability.

[0006] In a first aspect, the embodiments of the present application provide a reusable buffering and energy absorption structure, which comprises at least four buffering and energy absorption plate members, a splicing slot is formed on each buffering and energy absorption plate member, the buffering and energy absorption plate members are connected through the splicing slots to form a cross-connection structure in a grid structure, and a buffering and energy absorption pipe is arranged in at least one grid in the cross-connection structure.

[0007] The wall thickness of the buffering and energy absorption pipe ranges from 0.1 mm to 10 mm, and the ratio between the wall thickness of the buffering and energy absorption pipe and the thickness of the buffering and energy absorption plate member ranges from 0.5 to 20.

[0008] In the above-mentioned reusable buffering and energy absorption structure, optionally, the outer diameter of the buffering and energy absorption pipe is less than or equal to the distance between two adjacent splicing slots on the buffering and energy absorption plate member.

[0009] In the reusable cushioning and energy-absorbing structure described above, optionally, the ratio between the length of the cushioning and energy-absorbing tube and the width of the cushioning and energy-absorbing plate member is in the range of 1-2.

[0010] In the reusable cushioning and energy-absorbing structure described above, optionally, the ratio between the length and the height of the cross-connection structure is in the range of 0.5-1.6; the ratio between the thickness and the length of the cross-connection structure is in the range of 0.2-10; and the ratio between the thickness and the height of the cross-connection structure is in the range of 0.2-10.

[0011] In the reusable cushioning and energy-absorbing structure described above, optionally, the thickness of the cushioning and energy-absorbing plate member is in the range of 0.2-10 mm.

[0012] In the reusable cushioning and energy-absorbing structure described above, optionally, the ratio between the width of the splicing slot in the cushioning and energy-absorbing plate member and the thickness of the cushioning and energy-absorbing plate member is in the range of 1-5.

[0013] In the reusable cushioning and energy-absorbing structure described above, optionally, the ratio between the depth of the splicing slot in the cushioning and energy-absorbing plate member and the width of the cushioning and energy-absorbing plate member is in the range of 0.1-0.9.

[0014] In the reusable cushioning and energy-absorbing structure described above, optionally, when there are multiple splicing slots on the cushioning and energy-absorbing plate member, the distance between two adjacent splicing slots on the cushioning and energy-absorbing plate member is 1-3 times the distance between the splicing slot close to the edge of the cushioning and energy-absorbing plate member and the edge of the cushioning and energy-absorbing plate member.

[0015] In the reusable cushioning and energy-absorbing structure described above, optionally, the materials of the cushioning and energy-absorbing plate member and the cushioning and energy-absorbing tube are both nickel-titanium shape memory alloy, wherein the atomic percentage of Ti element in the nickel-titanium shape memory alloy is 48.5-49.8%, and the balance is Ni atom.

[0016] In a second aspect, the embodiments of the present application provide a reusable cushioning and energy-absorbing device, which comprises the above first aspect and / or various possible structures of the first aspect.

[0017] The reusable buffer energy absorption structure and device provided by the embodiments of the present application are manufactured by combining a buffer energy absorption plate and a buffer energy absorption pipe made of a super-elastic nickel-titanium shape memory alloy, at least four buffer energy absorption plates are realized, a splicing slot is formed on each buffer energy absorption plate, the buffer energy absorption plates are connected in a grid structure through the splicing slots, and at least one grid in the cross connection structure is provided with a buffer energy absorption structure of the buffer energy absorption pipe. The structure can dissipate and absorb energy through the forward and reverse martensitic phase change process of the nickel-titanium super-elastic alloy, the addition of the buffer energy absorption pipe can increase the phase change amount of the alloy and increase the strength of the whole structure, so that the strong energy absorption capacity is ensured, and local excessive deformation or damage of the structure is avoided, thereby improving the self-recovery capability of the buffer energy absorption device, and realizing the purpose of reusability of the device without maintenance. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0018] The accompanying drawings, which are incorporated into and form a part of the specification, illustrate embodiments consistent with the present application and, together with the description, serve to explain the principles of the application.

[0019] Figure 1 A structural schematic diagram of a reusable buffer energy absorption structure provided by the present application is shown in the figure.

[0020] Figure 2 A structural schematic diagram of a buffer energy absorption plate provided by the present application is shown in the figure.

[0021] Figure 3 A structural schematic diagram of a buffer energy absorption pipe provided by the present application is shown in the figure.

[0022] Figure 4 A structural schematic diagram of another reusable buffer energy absorption structure provided by the present application is shown in the figure.

[0023] Figure 5 A structural schematic diagram of another reusable buffer energy absorption structure provided by the present application is shown in the figure.

[0024] Figure 6 A stress-strain curve schematic diagram of a first reusable buffer energy absorption structure provided by the present application is shown in the figure.

[0025] Figure 7 A stress-strain curve schematic diagram of a second reusable buffer energy absorption structure provided by the present application is shown in the figure.

[0026] Figure 8 A stress-strain curve schematic diagram of a third reusable buffer energy absorption structure provided by the present application is shown in the figure.

[0027] Explanation of reference signs:

[0028] 100 - reusable buffer energy absorption structure;

[0029] 110 - buffer energy absorption plate; 111 - first buffer energy absorption plate; 112 - second buffer energy absorption plate; 113 - third buffer energy absorption plate; 114 - fourth buffer energy absorption plate; g - width of splicing slot; e - distance between adjacent two splicing slots on the buffer energy absorption plate; t - thickness of the buffer energy absorption plate; W - width of the buffer energy absorption plate; a - length of the first buffer energy absorption plate; b - length of the second buffer energy absorption plate; c - length of the third buffer energy absorption plate; d - length of the fourth buffer energy absorption plate;

[0030] 120 - splicing slot;

[0031] 130 - buffer energy absorption tube; D1 - inner diameter of the buffer energy absorption tube; D2 - outer diameter of the buffer energy absorption tube.

[0032] The specific embodiments of the present application have been shown in the above-described drawings, and will be described in more detail hereinafter. These drawings and written descriptions are not intended to limit the scope of the concept of the present application in any way, but to illustrate the concept of the present application to those skilled in the art by referring to specific embodiments. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0033] Exemplary embodiments will be described in detail herein with reference to the attached drawings. The description of the exemplary embodiments is intended to apply to any embodiment of the application, unless specified otherwise. Accordingly, when the description of the exemplary embodiments contains language that can imply limitations on the scope of the application, such limitations are not intended to apply to other embodiments provided that those other embodiments are properly described in the specification and are fully within the scope of the application.

[0034] In the prior art, the characteristics of conventional metal materials (such as steel, aluminum alloy, etc.) are generally used to fill light metal porous materials in a metal thin-walled structure, to reasonably distribute according to the strength, to form a buffer energy absorption structure with a functional gradient change, and then to dissipate impact energy through plastic deformation of the metal thin-walled structure and compression of the filling material, thereby improving the energy absorption efficiency. However, these materials will undergo plastic deformation after reaching their elastic limit, resulting in local damage or fracture, and once plastic deformation occurs, it is usually difficult to restore to the original shape, so it is difficult to achieve reusability.

[0035] To solve the above problems, the buffer energy absorption structure provided by the application can combine the buffer energy absorption plate and the buffer energy absorption pipe made of nickel-titanium shape memory alloy with super elasticity, and connect them with each other through splicing slots to form a grid structure, which not only provides high energy absorption capacity and excellent reusability, but also realizes lightweight design and structural stability. The addition of the buffer energy absorption pipe increases the phase transition amount of the alloy and the strength of the entire structure to increase the energy absorption capacity of the entire structure. At the same time, the position of the buffer energy absorption pipe added in the structure effectively manages the stress concentration problem and avoids local excessive deformation or damage of the structure. In addition, the super elasticity of the nickel-titanium alloy enables the structure to self-recover after experiencing impact, without the need for frequent maintenance.

[0036] The technical solutions of the application and how the technical solutions of the application solve the above technical problems will be described in detail below with specific examples. The following specific examples can be combined with each other, and the same or similar concepts or processes may not be described again in some examples. The embodiments of the application will be described below with reference to the drawings.

[0037] Figure 1 The structure diagram of the reusable buffer energy absorption structure provided by the application is shown in FIG. 1, which can include: Figure 1

[0038] At least four buffer energy absorption plate pieces 110, each of which is provided with a splicing slot 120, the buffer energy absorption plate pieces 110 are connected with each other through the splicing slots 120 to form a cross connection structure in a grid structure, and at least one buffer energy absorption pipe 130 is arranged in at least one grid in the cross connection structure.

[0039] The wall thickness of the buffer energy absorption pipe ranges from 0.1 mm to 10 mm, and the ratio between the wall thickness of the buffer energy absorption pipe and the thickness of the buffer energy absorption plate piece ranges from 0.5 to 20.

[0040] ​The method of forming the cross-connection structure in a grid structure between the buffer energy-absorbing plates 110 through the splicing slots 120 can be through an interlocking splicing method, inserting the slot of one plate into the slot of another plate until the interlocking structure is spliced in place, and then continuously adjusting (such as slight rotation or tilting operation) the position of the plate until the two plates form a fixed angle. For example, when the slots of two plates are interlocked, the angle between the plates can be in the range of 30°-150°, which forms gaps between the plates, providing space for the structure to deform when subjected to external pressure, or adding other structures to improve the stability and durability of the structure. When the angle is less than 30°, the smaller angle can cause the structure to be too compact, which can cause stress concentration problems, increasing the risk of material fatigue and fracture, and reducing overall stability; when the angle is greater than 150°, the larger angle can cause the mechanical locking ability of the connection point to decrease, reducing the firmness of the interlocking, making the structure loose and prone to displacement or separation when subjected to impact or load; preferably, the angle between the plates is 90°, which provides a more stable connection method for perpendicular interlocking, and can evenly distribute the load in different directions, reducing single-point stress. The grid can refer to the quadrilateral gap formed by the interlocking splicing of four buffer energy-absorbing plates 110 through the splicing slots 120, and in one example, the grid can also refer to the unsealed gap that appears to be missing a corner of the quadrilateral due to the length of the buffer energy-absorbing plates 110 and the number of splicing slots 120.

[0041] The wall thickness of the buffer energy-absorbing tube 130 is the average of the difference between the outer diameter and the inner diameter. When the thickness of the buffer energy-absorbing plate increases, the wall thickness of the buffer energy-absorbing tube should also increase to achieve optimal performance of the structure. In one example, when the ratio between the wall thickness of the buffer energy-absorbing tube and the thickness of the buffer energy-absorbing plate is less than 0.5, if the thickness of the buffer energy-absorbing plate is small, the wall thickness of the buffer energy-absorbing tube may be too thin, making the structure not strong enough when subjected to load; when the ratio between the wall thickness of the buffer energy-absorbing tube and the thickness of the buffer energy-absorbing plate is greater than 20, it means that the wall thickness of the buffer energy-absorbing tube is much greater than the thickness of the buffer energy-absorbing plate, which can improve the load-bearing capacity of the structure, but may reduce the flexibility of the structure and increase the weight of the structure, which may not be conducive to energy absorption efficiency. For example, when the ratio between the wall thickness of the buffer energy-absorbing tube and the thickness of the buffer energy-absorbing plate is 1.6, the wall thickness of the buffer energy-absorbing tube can be 0.48mm and the thickness of the buffer energy-absorbing plate can be 0.3mm, at which point the thicknesses of the two are balanced, ensuring that the buffer energy-absorbing tube has sufficient strength while maintaining the lightweight and energy absorption capacity of the structure.

[0042] In this structure, the number of buffer energy absorption pipes 130 inserted is not limited, and can be set according to the actual application requirements and the number of grids.

[0043] wherein, Figure 2 a structural schematic diagram of a buffer energy absorption plate provided by the present application, Figure 3 a structural schematic diagram of a buffer energy absorption pipe provided by the present application. As shown in Figure 2 、 Figure 3 shown:

[0044] In this structure, optionally, the outer diameter D2 of the buffer energy absorption pipe 130 is less than or equal to the distance e between the adjacent two splicing slots on the buffer energy absorption plate 110. The wall thickness of the buffer energy absorption pipe 130 is the average value of the difference between the outer diameter D2 of the buffer energy absorption pipe and the inner diameter D1 of the buffer energy absorption pipe, i.e. (D2-D1) / 2.

[0045] In an example, the outer diameter D2 of the buffer energy absorption pipe 130 is equal to the distance e between the adjacent two splicing slots on the buffer energy absorption plate 110. When the outer diameter D2 of the buffer energy absorption pipe is equal to the distance e between the adjacent two splicing slots on the buffer energy absorption plate 110, it can ensure that the buffer energy absorption pipe is accurately matched and stably connected with the grids in the buffer energy absorption plate 110, simplify the manufacturing and assembly process, and at the same time, help to uniformly distribute the impact force, improve the connection strength, reduce material waste, and enhance the overall energy absorption efficiency and durability of the structure. In addition, it also improves the appearance beauty of the product, facilitates maintenance and replacement of parts, thereby bringing high efficiency, reliability and economic long-term performance to the entire buffer energy absorption structure.

[0046] In this structure, optionally, the ratio between the length of the buffer energy absorption pipe 130 and the width W of the buffer energy absorption plate is in the range of 1-2.

[0047] wherein, the ratio between the length of the buffer energy absorption pipe 130 and the width W of the buffer energy absorption plate can be adjusted and determined based on the specific functions (such as energy absorption capacity, stiffness requirement or durability) that the buffer energy absorption structure needs to meet. Preferably, the ratio between the length of the buffer energy absorption pipe 130 and the width W of the buffer energy absorption plate is set to 1, which can optimize the load distribution and energy absorption efficiency of the structure, simplify the design and manufacturing process, improve the production efficiency and material utilization rate, and at the same time, enhance the integrity and symmetry of the structure, improve the reliability of the connection and the stability of the structure, and also facilitate maintenance and replacement work. In addition, it also helps to reduce material waste, improve the appearance of the structure, and ensure uniform response when subjected to impact, thereby providing high efficiency, coordination and reliable performance to the entire buffer energy absorption structure.

[0048] In the structure, optionally, the ratio between the length and the height of the cross-connection structure ranges from 0.5 to 1.6; the ratio between the thickness and the length of the cross-connection structure ranges from 0.2 to 10; and the ratio between the thickness and the height of the cross-connection structure ranges from 0.2 to 10.

[0049] When the ratio between the length and the height of the cross-connection structure is less than 0.5, the structure may become unstable under lateral forces, and is prone to tilting or overturning. A shorter length may result in insufficient load-carrying capacity in the length direction of the structure, causing the connection points to bear greater local stress and increasing the risk of damage. When the ratio between the length and the height of the cross-connection structure is greater than 1.6, the structure may become too high to maintain rigidity, and is prone to buckling or vibration. A higher structure may require more complex support and reinforcement measures, increasing the manufacturing difficulty.

[0050] In an example, the ratio between the length and the height of the cross-connection structure can be any of 0.5, 0.6, 0.7, 0.8, 0.9, 1.0, 1.1, 1.2, 1.3, 1.4, 1.5, and 1.6. The ratio can be determined based on the specific requirements of the size of the structure, the number of spliced energy-absorbing plates 110, and the number of splicing slots 120 according to the specific application scenario. The ratio can also be determined based on the type and size of the load that the structure needs to bear (such as compression, tension, bending, etc.) to meet the mechanical performance requirements. The thickness of the cross-connection structure is the same as the width of the energy-absorbing plate, and the ratio between the thickness and the length of the cross-connection structure and the ratio between the thickness and the height of the cross-connection structure can also be determined based on the above factors.

[0051] In the structure, optionally, the thickness t of the energy-absorbing plate ranges from 0.2 to 10 mm.

[0052] In an example, the thickness t of the energy-absorbing plate can be 0.2 mm, 0.3 mm, 1.5 mm, 3.8 mm, 6.9 mm, or 10 mm. When the thickness t of the energy-absorbing plate is less than 0.2 mm, the excessively thin plate may not be able to bear a large load and is prone to damage in impact or daily use. Under repeated use or cyclic loading, the excessively thin plate may be more prone to fatigue failure, resulting in poor durability of the structure. When the thickness t of the energy-absorbing plate is greater than 10 mm, the excessively thick plate increases the weight of the entire structure, affecting its applicability in certain applications, such as aerospace or portable devices. A thicker material may require a longer time to achieve a uniform microstructure during heat treatment, increasing the process difficulty and manufacturing cost.

[0053] In the structure, optionally, the ratio between the width g of the splicing slot in the buffer energy-absorbing plate member and the thickness t of the buffer energy-absorbing plate member is in the range of 1-5.

[0054] When the ratio between the width g of the splicing slot in the buffer energy-absorbing plate member and the thickness t of the buffer energy-absorbing plate member is greater than 5, the slot width is too large relative to the plate thickness, which can result in a decrease in the structural strength of the connection point, affecting the overall stability, and when subjected to impact or cyclic loading, the wider slot can cause the connection to be more easily disconnected or loose. In an example, the width g and depth of the splicing slot formed on each buffer energy-absorbing plate member 110 are the same, and the ratio between the width g of the splicing slot and the thickness t of the buffer energy-absorbing plate member is in the range of 1, which can ensure that the splicing slot 120 can accurately accommodate the edge portion of another energy-absorbing plate member, ensuring that the plate member does not shift or tilt during splicing to achieve a tight connection effect and ensure the stability of the reusable buffer energy-absorbing structure 100.

[0055] In the structure, optionally, the ratio between the depth of the splicing slot in the buffer energy-absorbing plate member and the width W of the buffer energy-absorbing plate member is in the range of 0.1-0.9.

[0056] In the structure, optionally, when there are multiple splicing slots on the buffer energy-absorbing plate member, the distance e between the two adjacent splicing slots on the buffer energy-absorbing plate member is 1-3 times the distance between the splicing slot near the edge of the buffer energy-absorbing plate member and the edge of the buffer energy-absorbing plate member.

[0057] When the distance between the two adjacent splicing slots on the buffer energy-absorbing plate is greater than 3 times the distance between the splicing slot near the edge on the buffer energy-absorbing plate and the edge of the buffer energy-absorbing plate, the longer plate segment can generate greater deformation under stress, which helps to absorb more energy, but the longer plate segment can cause the structure to be too loose, reducing the structural stiffness and stability. When the distance between the two adjacent splicing slots on the buffer energy-absorbing plate is less than 1 times the distance between the splicing slot near the edge on the buffer energy-absorbing plate and the edge of the buffer energy-absorbing plate, the spliced plate structure is too compact, increasing local stress concentration, increasing material fatigue risk, and reducing the deformation space of the plate, which can reduce the energy absorption capacity. Preferably, when there are multiple splicing slots on the buffer energy-absorbing plate, the distance between the two adjacent splicing slots on the buffer energy-absorbing plate is 2 times the distance between the splicing slot near the edge on the buffer energy-absorbing plate and the edge of the buffer energy-absorbing plate, that is, the distance between the splicing slot near the edge on the buffer energy-absorbing plate and the edge of the buffer energy-absorbing plate is e / 2. When the structure needs more space to accommodate more connecting materials or reinforcing members, the edge of the plate after processing and connecting with other plates can have the same distance between the two adjacent splicing slots on the buffer energy-absorbing plate, enhancing the stability of the structure after connection.

[0058] In an example, when the width g and the depth of the splicing slot on each buffer energy-absorbing plate 110 are the same, and the number of splicing slots in different buffer energy-absorbing plates is different, the lengths of the first buffer energy-absorbing plate 111, the second buffer energy-absorbing plate 112, the third buffer energy-absorbing plate 113, and the fourth buffer energy-absorbing plate 114 can be arranged in an arithmetic sequence with a tolerance of 2(e+g). For example, the length of the first buffer energy-absorbing plate is a, then the length of the second buffer energy-absorbing plate b=a+(2-1)*2(e+g), the length of the third buffer energy-absorbing plate c=a+(3-1)*2(e+g), and the length of the fourth buffer energy-absorbing plate d=a+(4-1)*2(e+g).

[0059] In an example, when the width g and the depth of the splicing slot on each buffer energy-absorbing plate 110 are the same, and the number of splicing slots in different buffer energy-absorbing plates is different, the lengths of the first buffer energy-absorbing plate 111, the second buffer energy-absorbing plate 112, the third buffer energy-absorbing plate 113, and the fourth buffer energy-absorbing plate 114 can be arranged in an arithmetic sequence with a tolerance of 2(e+g). For example, the length of the first buffer energy-absorbing plate is a, then the length of the second buffer energy-absorbing plate b=a+(2-1)*2(e+g), the length of the third buffer energy-absorbing plate c=a+(3-1)*2(e+g), and the length of the fourth buffer energy-absorbing plate d=a+(4-1)*2(e+g).

[0060] In this structure, optionally, the materials of the buffer energy-absorbing plate and the buffer energy-absorbing tube are both nickel-titanium shape memory alloys, wherein the atomic percentage of Ti element in the nickel-titanium shape memory alloy is 48.5-49.8%, and the balance is Ni atom.

[0061] The nickel-titanium shape memory alloy exhibits super-elasticity at room temperature, i.e. it can exhibit rubber-like elastic behavior within a large deformation range. When the buffer energy-absorbing plate 110 is subjected to impact force, the cross-connection structure can absorb and disperse impact energy, and quickly recover to the original shape after the external force is removed. This super-elasticity enables the plate to maintain good performance after multiple impacts without plastic deformation or breakage. The addition of the buffer energy-absorbing tube 130 can increase the phase transition amount of the alloy and increase the strength of the entire structure, thereby improving the energy-absorbing capacity of the structure and avoiding local excessive deformation or damage, reducing the frequency of replacement and maintenance. Based on the above characteristics of the nickel-titanium shape memory alloy, it can repeatedly self-recover and reactivate under continuous stress cycles. Therefore, the reusable buffer energy-absorbing structure 100 is particularly suitable for application scenarios that require frequent impact and vibration, such as energy-absorbing boxes or anti-collision beams of vehicles to improve vehicle collision safety, energy-absorbing elements in seismic design for wind load of roads, bridges, buildings, and seismic protection of buildings and structures, sports equipment (such as helmets and protective gear) to absorb impact and protect athletes, anti-collision barriers or buffers for machines to protect equipment from impact, and medical devices that require high energy absorption and stability. In these application scenarios, the reusable buffer energy-absorbing structure 100 can effectively improve the durability and reliability of impact protection and energy-absorbing devices.

[0062] When the atomic percentage of Ti element is less than 48.5%, the decrease in Ti element content may reduce the super-elasticity of the alloy, affecting its recovery ability after stress, and the phase transition temperature of the alloy may also change adversely, affecting its application performance at a specific temperature. When the atomic percentage of Ti element is greater than 49.8%, the increase in Ti element content may make the alloy harder and more brittle, increasing the difficulty of processing and the risk of fracture, and the plasticity of the alloy may also decrease, reducing its adaptability and ductility during plastic processing.

[0063] In one example, the atomic percentage of Ti element can be 48.5%, 49.0%, 49.1%, 49.3%, 49.5%, 49.8%, etc. By setting the composition ratio of the nickel-titanium alloy layer within the above range, the super-elasticity of the alloy is optimized, ensuring that it can recover to its original shape after a large deformation, while balancing strength and ductility. In addition, this proportion of nickel-titanium alloy is sensitive to temperature changes, and its super-elasticity can be adjusted by controlling the temperature, ensuring that the buffer energy-absorbing structure can maintain optimal performance under different environmental conditions.

[0064] Figure 4 Another reusable buffer energy-absorbing structure provided in the present application is shown in the structural diagram. As shown in FIG. 6, the buffer energy-absorbing structure 600 includes a buffer energy-absorbing plate 610 and a buffer energy-absorbing tube 630. The buffer energy-absorbing plate 610 is made of a nickel-titanium shape memory alloy, and the buffer energy-absorbing tube 630 is made of a nickel-titanium shape memory alloy. Figure 4As shown, when the number of inserted buffer energy absorption tubes is the same as the number of grids, the plurality of buffer energy absorption plate pieces and buffer energy absorption tubes form a reusable buffer energy absorption structure 100. The structure can improve the phase transition of the alloy by inserting buffer energy absorption tubes in all grids, increase the strength of the entire structure, and at the same time, more buffer energy absorption tubes mean that there is a larger surface area and volume to absorb and dissipate energy, which can improve the energy absorption efficiency of the overall structure and reduce the maintenance requirements due to damage to local buffer energy absorption tubes. It can provide higher protection level in applications requiring high safety, such as automobile collision prevention system.

[0065] Figure 5 Another structure diagram of a reusable buffer energy absorption structure provided by the present application is shown. As shown Figure 5 As shown, when no buffer energy absorption tube is inserted, a plurality of buffer energy absorption plate pieces of corresponding length can form a grid structure reusable buffer energy absorption structure 100 after splicing through splicing slots. In this structure, a grid structure is formed between each buffer energy absorption plate piece, which can effectively disperse and transmit external impact force, reduce the stress borne by a single plate piece, and prevent local deformation or damage. At the same time, each unit cell in the grid structure can independently absorb and disperse impact capacity, thereby improving the overall energy absorption effect. Compared with the structure with inserted buffer energy absorption tubes, the structure is simpler in design, does not need to consider the layout and fixation of the energy absorption tube, reduces the material and manufacturing cost, and can be used in applications requiring rapid production and deployment, and in cases where the structural strength and rigidity requirements are not particularly high.

[0066] Figure 6 A stress-strain curve diagram of a first reusable buffer energy absorption structure provided by the present application is shown. As shown Figure 6 As shown in the embodiments of the present application, the reusable buffer energy absorption structure is Figure 1 As shown, the buffer energy absorption tube is 3 in the grid structure of the cross connection structure.

[0067] First, a nickel-titanium super-elastic alloy plate with a thickness of 0.3 mm and a nickel-titanium super-elastic alloy plate with a thickness of 9 mm are selected, and the nickel-titanium super-elastic alloy plate with a thickness of 0.3 mm is cut into sub-plate pieces with lengths of 5 mm, 15 mm, 25 mm, and 35 mm, and splicing slots with a depth of 4.5 mm are formed in each sub-plate piece to obtain buffer energy absorption plate pieces, wherein the width of the buffer energy absorption plate piece is 9 mm, and the distance between adjacent two splicing slots on the buffer energy absorption plate piece is 4.7 mm. The nickel-titanium super-elastic alloy plate with a thickness of 9 mm is cut into a buffer energy absorption tube with a length of 9 mm, an inner diameter of 3.7 mm, and an outer diameter of 4.7 mm. The material of the nickel-titanium super-elastic alloy plate is nickel-titanium shape memory alloy.

[0068] Secondly, the cut each buffer energy plate member is connected through splicing slot, get as shown in the structure of Figure 5 The three buffer energy pipe is inserted into Figure 1 The grid position, get the reusable single layer nickel titanium super elastic alloy and three nickel titanium super elastic alloy pipe composite buffer energy structure.

[0069] Then, the above buffer energy structure is placed in the compressor along the height direction for loading, the first loading to the strain height of 10% is unloaded, the second loading to the strain height of 20% is unloaded, the third loading to the strain height of 30% is unloaded, and the loading is cycled to the strain of 50%, and the camera is used to record the cycle loading process; the loading and unloading data and the camera data are processed, and the stress-strain curve of the single layer nickel titanium super elastic alloy and three nickel titanium super elastic alloy pipe composite buffer device is obtained. In which, loading refers to the process of gradually increasing the force acting on the structure or material; unloading is the reverse process of loading, which refers to gradually reducing the force acting on the structure or material, until all the external force is removed.

[0070] From the stress-strain curve of the single layer nickel titanium super elastic alloy and three nickel titanium super elastic alloy pipe buffer energy structure under stress, it can be found that the buffer energy structure does not fail in the process of bearing pressure, which shows the stability of the buffer energy structure. After the pressure is unloaded, the structure can automatically recover to the initial state without external force, realizing the self-recovery ability of the buffer energy structure, so that the buffer energy device can be reused without maintenance.

[0071] Figure 7 The stress-strain curve of the second reusable buffer energy structure provided in the application after stress is shown in the figure. As shown in Figure 7 In the embodiment of the application, the reusable buffer energy structure is a cross connection structure in grid structure without buffer energy pipe as shown in Figure 5

[0072] Firstly, the nickel titanium super elastic alloy plate with a thickness of 0.3mm is cut into sub-plate pieces with lengths of 5mm, 15mm, 25mm and 35mm, and splicing slots with a depth of 4.5mm are formed in each sub-plate piece, to obtain buffer energy plate pieces, wherein the width of the buffer energy plate piece is 9mm, and the distance between two adjacent splicing slots on the buffer energy plate piece is 4.7mm.

[0073] Secondly, the cut each buffer energy plate member is connected through splicing slot, get as shown in the structure of Figure 5 The reusable single layer nickel titanium super elastic alloy buffer energy structure is obtained. ​

[0074] Then, the above-mentioned buffer energy-absorbing structure was placed under the compressor along the height direction for loading. The first loading was carried out when the strain height reached 10%, and the second loading was carried out when the strain height reached 20%, and the third loading was carried out when the strain height reached 30%, and the loading was carried out in a cyclic manner until the strain reached 80%. The cyclic loading process was recorded by a camera. The loading and unloading data and the camera data were processed to obtain the stress-strain curve of the single-layer nickel-titanium superelastic alloy buffer energy-absorbing structure after being subjected to force.

[0075] The stress-strain curve of the single-layer nickel-titanium superelastic alloy buffer energy absorption structure after being subjected to force shows that the structure remains intact and does not break during the pressure process, demonstrating the stability of the buffer energy absorption structure. Moreover, after the pressure is unloaded, the structure can autonomously return to its initial state, achieving the goal of simple design and no need for frequent maintenance of the buffer energy absorption device.

[0076] Figure 8 A schematic diagram of the stress-strain curve of the third reusable energy-absorbing buffer structure provided in this application after being subjected to force. Figure 8 As shown in the embodiments of this application, the reusable buffer energy absorption structure consists of two layers Figure 5 The cross-connection structure of the grid structure without buffer energy absorption tubes is shown as a buffer energy absorption structure spliced ​​together according to the sandwich structure.

[0077] First, a nickel-titanium superelastic alloy plate with a thickness of 0.3mm is selected and cut into sub-plates with lengths of 5mm, 15mm, 25mm and 35mm respectively. A splicing slot with a depth of 4.5mm is made for each sub-plate to obtain a buffer energy-absorbing plate. The width of the buffer energy-absorbing plate is 9mm and the distance between two adjacent splicing slots on the buffer energy-absorbing plate is 4.7mm.

[0078] Secondly, the cut buffer energy-absorbing panels are connected by splicing slots to obtain, as shown below. Figure 5 The structure shown; double layers as Figure 5 The structure shown is spliced ​​together in a sandwich structure to obtain a reusable double-layer nickel-titanium superelastic alloy buffer energy absorption structure.

[0079] Then, the above-mentioned buffer energy-absorbing structure was placed under the compressor along the height direction for loading. The first loading was carried out when the strain height reached 10%, and the second loading was carried out when the strain height reached 20%, and the third loading was carried out when the strain height reached 30%, and the loading was carried out in a cyclic manner until the strain reached 80%. The cyclic loading process was recorded by a camera. The loading and unloading data and the camera data were processed to obtain the stress-strain curve of the double-layer nickel-titanium superelastic alloy buffer energy-absorbing structure after being subjected to force.

[0080] From the stress-strain curve of the double-layer nickel-titanium super-elastic alloy buffer energy structure under stress, it can be found that the buffer energy structure does not appear to be broken during the process of bearing pressure, which shows the stability of the buffer energy structure, and after the pressure is unloaded, the buffer energy structure can also recover to the initial state without accepting external force, which realizes the self-recovery ability of the buffer energy structure.

[0081] In an example, according to Figure 6 to Figure 8 As shown in the stress-strain curve diagram, the recoverable strain data statistics table of the reusable buffer energy structure provided by the embodiment of the application can be obtained, as shown in Table 1:

[0082] Table 1: Recoverable strain data statistics table of the reusable buffer energy structure

[0083]

[0084] The buffer energy structure with and without the buffer energy pipe has excellent mechanical properties and self-recovery ability, which can ensure that the buffer energy structure effectively recovers to the original state after bearing external pressure; secondly, after bearing pressure, by analyzing the recoverable strain and compression data of each compression ratio in the buffer energy structure, the recovery degree is more than 80%, for example, under 80% compression, the recovery degree of the single-layer nickel-titanium super-elastic alloy buffer energy structure is (74.2 / 80)*%=92.7%, and the recovery degree of the double-layer nickel-titanium super-elastic alloy buffer energy structure is (65.5 / 80)*%=81.8%. This means that the buffer energy device can recover to the original shape to a very high degree after being impacted or under pressure.

[0085] Specifically, the recovery degree of the single-layer nickel-titanium super-elastic alloy buffer energy structure, the single-layer nickel-titanium super-elastic alloy and the three nickel-titanium super-elastic alloy pipe buffer energy structure is more than 90%, and the recovery degree of the double-layer nickel-titanium super-elastic alloy buffer energy structure is more than 80%. It can be seen that the self-recovery ability of the double-layer buffer energy structure is weaker than the other two structures. When the compression ratio is 10%-30%, the recovery degree of the single-layer nickel-titanium super-elastic alloy buffer energy structure is better than that of the single-layer nickel-titanium super-elastic alloy and the three nickel-titanium super-elastic alloy pipe buffer energy structure; when the compression ratio is 40%-50%, the recovery degree of the three nickel-titanium super-elastic alloy pipe buffer energy structure is better than that of the single-layer nickel-titanium super-elastic alloy buffer energy structure. It can be seen that when the compression ratio is small, the single-layer nickel-titanium super-elastic alloy buffer energy structure can meet the buffer energy demand while reducing the cost of materials and production, and when the compression ratio is large, the buffer energy structure containing the nickel-titanium super-elastic alloy pipe can ensure the ability of the structure to absorb impact energy.

[0086] The embodiment also provides a buffer energy absorption device, comprising the buffer energy absorption structure 100.

[0087] The main function of the buffer energy absorption device is to absorb external impact energy and reduce the direct impact of the impact force on the protected object or structure. The common application scenarios of the buffer energy absorption device include the automobile industry, the sports product field, the construction engineering field, etc. For example, the buffer energy absorption device is used in a safety airbag to absorb impact energy when an impact occurs and protect passengers; or the buffer energy absorption device is used in a safety helmet for a bicycle, a motorcycle, a skiing helmet to protect the head of an athlete; or the buffer energy absorption structure is used in a key part of a building to improve the anti-seismic performance of the building.

[0088] It should be noted that, for the foregoing method embodiments, in order to simply describe, they are all described as a series of action combinations, but those skilled in the art should know that the present application is not limited to the action sequence described, because according to the present application, certain steps can be performed in other sequences or simultaneously. Secondly, those skilled in the art should know that the embodiments described in the specification all belong to optional embodiments, and the actions and modules involved are not necessarily necessary for the present application.

[0089] In the above embodiments, the description of each embodiment has its own focus, and the parts not described in detail in a certain embodiment can be referred to the related description of other embodiments. The technical features of the above embodiments can be combined arbitrarily, and in order to make the description simple, not all possible combinations of the technical features in the above embodiments are described, however, as long as the combinations of the technical features do not exist contradictory, they should be considered as the scope of the present application.

[0090] Other embodiments of the application will be apparent to those skilled in the art from consideration of the specification and practice of the application disclosed herein. The application is intended to cover any variations, uses or adaptations of the application following, in general, the principles of the application and including such departures from the present disclosure as come within known or customary practice in the art to which the application pertains. The specification and examples are to be regarded as exemplary only, and the true scope and spirit of the application are indicated by the following claims.

[0091] It should be understood that the present application is not limited to the precise construction that has been described and shown in the accompanying drawings, and that various modifications and changes can be affected therein by those skilled in the art without departing from the scope of the application. The scope of the application should be limited only by the appended claims.

Claims

1. A reusable crush energy absorbing structure, characterized by, The application relates to a reusable buffer energy-absorbing structure. The buffer energy-absorbing pipe is arranged in at least one grid of the cross connection structure. The ratio between the length of the buffer energy-absorbing pipe and the width of the buffer energy-absorbing plate is 1-2. The ratio between the length and the height of the cross connection structure is 0.5-1.6; the ratio between the thickness and the length of the cross connection structure is 0.2-10; and the ratio between the thickness and the height of the cross connection structure is 0.2-10. The ratio between the width of the splicing slot in the buffer energy-absorbing plate and the thickness of the buffer energy-absorbing plate is 1-5. The ratio between the depth of the splicing slot in the buffer energy-absorbing plate and the width of the buffer energy-absorbing plate is 0.1-0.

9. When the splicing slots on the buffer energy-absorbing plate are multiple, the distance between two adjacent splicing slots on the buffer energy-absorbing plate is 1-3 times the distance between the splicing slot close to the edge of the buffer energy-absorbing plate and the edge of the buffer energy-absorbing plate. The material of the buffer energy-absorbing plate and the buffer energy-absorbing pipe is a nickel-titanium shape memory alloy, wherein the atomic percentage of Ti element in the nickel-titanium shape memory alloy is 48.5-49.8%, and the balance is Ni atom. When the buffer energy-absorbing plate is impacted, the cross connection structure absorbs and disperses the impact energy, and restores to the original shape after the external force is removed. The outer diameter of the buffer energy-absorbing pipe is equal to the distance between two adjacent splicing slots on the buffer energy-absorbing plate.

2. The reusable crash energy management structure of claim 1, wherein, The thickness of the buffer energy-absorbing plate is 0.2-10 mm.

3. The reusable crash energy management structure of claim 1, wherein, The application relates to a reusable buffer energy-absorbing structure.

4. A reusable cushioning energy absorbing device, characterized by, The application relates to a reusable buffer energy-absorbing structure. ​

Images