An equipment system and process for completely or partially bypassing direct discharge interference elements

Abstract

The present invention discloses an equipment system and process for completely or partially bypassing and directly discharging interference elements, including a decomposition furnace, a kiln tail smoke chamber, and a condensation chamber. The bottom of the decomposition furnace and the kiln tail smoke chamber are connected through the condensation chamber, or the kiln tail smoke chamber is connected to the inlet end of the condensation chamber through a bypass pipeline. A plurality of condensation sections are installed in the condensation chamber, each condensation pipe section is respectively located between the inlet end and the outlet end of the condensation chamber, and each condensation section can be pulled out of the condensation chamber. The present invention solves the problem of removing interference elements in the existing bypass venting system.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the field of cement kilns, and in particular to an equipment system and process for completely or partially bypassing and directly discharging interfering elements. Background Art

[0002] Cement clinker calcination process (or other similar industrial systems) requires the use of raw materials and fuels containing a large number of interfering elements. With the expansion of the scale of cement industry, high-grade raw materials and fuel resources are becoming increasingly scarce, and the use rate of low-grade raw materials and fuels containing high-volatile components is increasing. At the same time, in order to reduce the use of fossil fuels, meet the control requirements of carbon emission reduction, and prevent solid waste from polluting the environment, more and more cement companies have begun to use alternative fuels and raw materials containing interfering elements, and use cement kilns to coordinate the treatment of hazardous wastes. These processes will inevitably bring a large number of interfering elements to the cement production system, affecting the stability of the cement production system and product quality.

[0003] Practice has proved that in the actual production process, low-grade raw materials, fuels and their substitutes, and various hazardous wastes that are co-processed all contain excessive volatile interfering elements such as potassium, sodium, sulfur, and chlorine, which affect the stability of the cement production system and product quality. On the one hand, these excessive volatile interfering element components will form a cycle enrichment between the preheating and pre-decomposition system and the rotary kiln system. As time goes by, they will form high-temperature crust composite minerals (commonly known as crusts or rings) with certain bonding properties at appropriate locations in the kiln tail smoke chamber, decomposition furnace, bottom cyclone and other systems, and adhere to the inner wall of the reactor, seriously hindering and interfering with the flow of gas and materials, causing the system to be easily blocked. When it is frequent, it occurs many times a day, seriously affecting the stability and continuous operation of the production system; on the other hand, these excessive interfering element components enter the cement clinker. Some interfering elements will affect and interfere with the stability of future cement concrete, causing the structure of the building to crack and fail, and some will corrode the steel bars in the concrete, seriously affecting the service life of reinforced concrete and bringing safety risks.

[0004] Although the traditional bypass ventilation process technology can effectively solve the problem of excessive potassium, sodium, sulfur, chlorine and other interfering elements enriched and crusted due to the co-disposal of waste and the use of low-grade raw materials, fuels and substitutes, there are still great limitations and difficult-to-break technical problems:

[0005] (1) High system energy consumption: Generally, the bypass air volume increases with the amount of interfering elements introduced into the system. For preheating and pre-decomposition kiln systems, the bypass air volume is measured as a percentage of the ventilation volume in the rotary kiln. For general systems, the ventilation volume in the rotary kiln is about 0.35~0.45Nm 3 / Kg.cl, the flue gas temperature at the kiln tail is about 1050℃~1100℃, and the corresponding flue gas specific heat is about 0.35Kcal / Nm 3 .℃, the total heat carried by the flue gas in the kiln is about: 128~173Kcal / Kg.cl; every 1% of ventilation will cause a loss of 1.28~1.73Kcal / Kg.cl; in addition, bypass ventilation will also bring out a large amount of high-temperature powder. Under normal circumstances, the dust content in the flue gas is about 0.20~0.25Kg / Kg.cl (450~550 g / Nm 3 ); its temperature is about 950℃~1050℃, and its average specific heat is about: 0.22 Kcal / Kg.℃; the heat brought out by all the dust in the flue gas at the tail of the kiln is 41.8~57.75 Kcal / Kg.cl; every 1% of air release is equivalent to 0.418~0.5775Kcal / Kg.cl of heat; the total heat brought out by every 1% of air release is about: 1.698~2.3075 Kcal / Kg.cl; the average is about 2.0Kcal / Kg.cl; if the system air release volume is 5%; then every kilogram of clinker will release 10Kcal / Kg.cl more.

[0006] (2) Large powder loss and difficult processing:

[0007] As mentioned above, the dust content of the flue gas at the tail of the rotary kiln is 0.20~0.25Kg / Kg.cl (450~550 g / Nm 3 ), for every 1% of air release, the loss of materials is: 0.002~0.0025 Kg / Kg.cl. For a 5,000 tons / day cement plant, for every 1% of air release, 10~12.5 tons of ash / day will be discharged. If 5% of air is released, 50~62.5 tons of ash will be discharged / day. These ashes containing interfering elements require special treatment, which is costly and difficult for enterprises to bear.

[0008] (3) Complex system and limited space:

[0009] For general domestic cement production enterprises, when co-disposing of waste or using alternative raw materials and fuels, a bypass ventilation system is often required to solve the problems caused by the enrichment of interfering elements. The ventilation volume is generally controlled at 5%~10%; the current world's largest bypass ventilation volume is about 60% (Saudi Salt Department 10,000 tons / day); its system includes: induced draft fan, dust collector, fly ash collection and transportation, quenching chamber, blower, various control valves, emission chimney, air intake and pipeline, and control system, etc. In order to ensure that the system can operate normally, the quenching chamber must be strictly sealed to avoid air leakage that makes the system difficult to operate stably; a complete process equipment is often difficult to implement in the frame space at the end of the kiln, and must be arranged outside the frame, which is far away, increasing the length of the exhaust system pipeline, resulting in an increase in system power consumption.

[0010] (4) High investment and high operation and maintenance costs:

[0011] It is not difficult to see from the previous description that a complete system contains many equipments and has a high investment. Generally speaking, for a 5,000 ton / day firing system, considering the minimum 5% ventilation, the current cost is about 7 to 9 million yuan / set; if the ventilation volume is large, the investment will increase with the increase of ventilation volume; the operation and maintenance cost is high. Generally speaking, bypass ventilation increases power consumption by about 1.1 to 1.5 Kwh / t.cl; the system will also cause blockage due to design and leakage control problems, which increases the difficulty of handling; making the system operation and maintenance cost increase.

[0012] (5) Increase of environmental emission points and other issues.

[0013] Bypass venting not only adds emission points to the production system, but also brings technical problems such as difficulty in controlling the emission of pollutants such as nitrogen oxides. Summary of the invention

[0014] The present invention provides an equipment system and process for fully or partially bypassing and directly discharging interfering elements, so as to solve the problems of high energy consumption, large loss, high cost, complex system and unfriendly environment in the bypass ventilation process used to treat interfering elements in the production process of cement kilns in the prior art.

[0015] In order to achieve the above object, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is:

[0016] A system for completely or partially bypassing and directly discharging interfering elements, comprising a condensation chamber (3), wherein the condensation chamber (3) is connected in series between the bottom of a decomposition furnace (6) and a kiln tail smoke chamber (1), wherein the inlet end of the condensation chamber (3) is directly connected to the kiln tail smoke chamber (1), and the outlet end of the condensation chamber (3) is directly connected to the bottom of the decomposition furnace (6), and a plurality of condensation sections (A) are installed in the condensation chamber (3), each condensation section (A) is respectively located between the inlet end and the outlet end of the condensation chamber (3), and each condensation section (A) can be moved or pulled out from the condensation chamber (3) along its own axis;

[0017] Alternatively, the bottom of the decomposition furnace (6) is connected to the kiln tail smoke chamber (1), the condensation chamber (3) is independent of the decomposition furnace (6) and the kiln tail smoke chamber (1), the kiln tail smoke chamber (1) is connected to the inlet end of the condensation chamber (3) through a side branch pipeline, and a plurality of condensation sections (A) are installed in the condensation chamber (3), each condensation section (A) is respectively located between the inlet end and the outlet end of the condensation chamber (3), and each condensation section (A) can be moved or pulled out from the condensation chamber (3) along its own axis.

[0018] Furthermore, the condensation chamber (3) is provided with a plurality of condensation tubes (31), a section of each condensation tube (31) passes through a side wall of the condensation chamber (3) and remains in the condensation chamber (3) as the condensation section (A), thereby forming a plug-in installation method that does not penetrate the condensation chamber (3), and each condensation tube (31) and the side wall of the condensation chamber (3) are relatively slidably matched at the passing position, thereby the condensation section (A) of each condensation tube (31) can be freely pulled out of the condensation chamber (3); each condensation tube (31) is connected to a push plate, and the condensation tube forms a coolant circulation loop with an external coolant source through the push plate.

[0019] Furthermore, the condensation chamber (3) is provided with a plurality of condensation tubes (31), each condensation tube (31) passes through two symmetrical side walls of the condensation chamber (3), and a section of the condensation tube (31) remaining in the condensation chamber (3) serves as the condensation section (A), thereby forming a plug-in installation method that penetrates the condensation chamber (3), and each condensation tube (31) and the side wall of the condensation chamber (3) are relatively slidably matched at the passing position, thereby the condensation section of each condensation tube (31) can be pulled out of the condensation chamber (3); each condensation tube (31) is connected to a push plate, and the condensation tube forms a coolant circulation loop with an external coolant source through the push plate.

[0020] Furthermore, an isolation ash bin (4) is fixed on the side of the condensation chamber (3), and the remaining part of each condensation tube (31) except the condensation section (A) passes through the isolation ash bin (4). A scraper mechanism (10) is fixed in the isolation ash bin (4), and each condensation tube (31) passes through the scraper mechanism (10) respectively, and the scraper mechanism (10) is respectively fixed with a scraper (32) at the position through which each condensation tube (31) passes, and the scraper (32) contacts the condensation tube (31) at the corresponding position.

[0021] Furthermore, a push plate fixedly connected to the condensation pipe (31) is provided in the isolation ash bin chamber (4), and a push rod (33) is connected to the push plate. The push rod moves when driven by an external power device, and the push rod (33) drives the condensation section (A) of the condensation pipe (31) connected to it to be inserted into the condensation chamber (3) or pulled out from the condensation chamber (3).

[0022] Furthermore, the scraper mechanism is composed of a plurality of scraper plates parallel to each other and a driving device, and the condenser tube is arranged to pass through the holes of the scraper plates in a plane perpendicular to the plane where the scraper plates are located.

[0023] Furthermore, the holes formed by the scraper plates in the direction of the axis of the condenser tube can change as the scraper plates move; when the condenser tube is pulled out of the condenser chamber, the scraper plates are driven to move by the driving device, and the edges of the holes formed by the scraper plates move toward the direction close to the axis of the condenser tube, and the gap between the holes formed by the scraper plates and the condenser tube is reduced, thereby scraping off the condensate; when the condenser tube is inserted into the condenser chamber, the edges of the holes in the scraper plates move away from the axis of the condenser tube, and the gap between the holes formed by the scraper plates and the condenser tube is increased, thereby facilitating the insertion of the condenser tube.

[0024] Furthermore, the radial cross-section of each condenser tube (31) presents a shape that is convex upward and concave downward.

[0025] Furthermore, the horizontal cross-sectional area of ​​the condensation section (A) in the middle region of the condensation chamber (3) is greater than the horizontal cross-sectional areas of the inlet and outlet of the upper and lower regions of the condensation chamber (3).

[0026] Furthermore, the outer surface temperature of the condensation section (A) is controlled at 550°C to 750°C.

[0027] A process for completely or partially bypassing direct-discharge interference elements based on the above-mentioned equipment system for completely or partially bypassing direct-discharge interference elements comprises the following steps:

[0028] Step 1: The kiln tail smoke chamber needs to be appropriately designed or adjusted and transformed according to the control requirements of the emission interference element quantity to form a condensation chamber for the condensation tube group to work, so that when all or part of the bypass high-temperature flue gas flows through the condensation chamber, it contacts with the condensation tube group, condenses all or part of the bypass high-temperature flue gas interference elements, and condenses the interference elements into solid interference elements on the surface of the condensation tube group with a special structure design;

[0029] Step 2: The condenser tube group moves back and forth between the condensation chamber and the isolation ash bin. The condensed interfering element solids adhere to the surface of the condenser tube group with a special structure. When they enter the isolation ash bin on the side of the condensation chamber, they are scraped off by a special structure cleaning mechanism and fall into the ash hopper of the isolation ash bin.

[0030] Step 3: The isolation ash bin is located on both sides or one side of the high-temperature flue gas condensation chamber, so that when the condensation pipe group moves back and forth, a heat insulation and isolation sealing device is provided between the isolation ash bin and the condensation chamber, and each maintains an independent negative pressure working environment;

[0031] Step 4: The condenser group brings the collected condensed interfering element solids into the isolation ash bin chamber, which are scraped off by the cleaning mechanism and enter the ash hopper. They are then discharged outside the isolation ash bin chamber through the wind locking device for further processing or utilization. All or part of the bypass high-temperature flue gas that has undergone the condensation of the interfering elements returns to the original system for continued utilization.

[0032] In the present invention, the interfering elements in the flue gas passing through the condensation section are condensed in the condensation section through the condensation section with an outer surface temperature of 550-750°C in the condensation chamber, and the condensation section can be taken out from the condensation chamber, thereby facilitating the cleaning of the interfering elements condensed on the condensation section.

[0033] The condensation section of the present invention is formed by a section of the condensation tube inserted into the condensation chamber. During operation, the condensation section of the condensation tube can be plugged in and out of the condensation chamber. When the condensation section is inserted into the condensation chamber, the interfering elements in the flue gas passing through the condensation chamber are condensed. The condensed interfering elements are brought into the isolation ash bin by the condensation section as the condensation tube is pulled out. The condensed interfering elements brought into the isolation ash bin are scraped off by the scraper on the scraper mechanism in the isolation ash bin. Then the condensation section is inserted into the condensation chamber to continue condensing the interfering elements in the flue gas. Therefore, by controlling the reciprocating plug-in and pull-out movement speed of the condensation tube and controlling the flow rate of the coolant in the condensation tube, the condensation extraction amount of the interfering elements in the flue gas can be adjusted. The scope of application is wide, and it can ensure that the cement production system or similar industrial production systems are not affected by interfering elements, and meet the stable operation of the production system and the control requirements of product quality.

[0034] Therefore, the present invention is a system specially developed to solve the technical problems existing in the above-mentioned traditional bypass ventilation system, to replace the commonly used "bypass ventilation process and its equipment" of existing cement kilns or similar industrial furnace systems, and solves the five technical problems existing in the existing bypass ventilation system.

[0035] The present invention is mainly applicable to newly designed (or modified and added) traditional preheating and predecomposition kiln systems or similar industrial production systems. Under the condition of meeting the same discharge amount of interfering elements (potassium, sodium, sulfur, chlorine, etc.), the heat consumption is only one-third of the heat consumption of the original traditional bypass ventilation system, and the power consumption is about 25% of the power consumption of the original system; the material loss is less than 8% of the material loss of the traditional bypass ventilation, and the bypass ventilation points and ventilation volume are not increased. By adopting this technology, the investment cost is about 60% of the existing traditional bypass ventilation system, and the concentration of inorganic salts extracted by the bypass accounts for more than 80% of the total discharge, which is beneficial to the later evaporation treatment and utilization of inorganic salts, and there is no environmental impact assessment problem. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0036] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the process flow of the automatic condensation removal method of a partial bypass pipeline in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0037] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the process flow of the automatic condensation removal method of all main gas pipelines in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0038] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure of the condensation chamber.

[0039] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the non-penetrating condenser insertion method.

[0040] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the insertion method of the through-type condenser.

[0041] Figure 6 Schematic diagram of various possible condenser cross sections. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0042] The present invention is further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

[0043] The present embodiment discloses an equipment system for fully or partially bypassing and directly discharging interfering elements, including a decomposition furnace 6, a kiln tail smoke chamber 1, a multi-stage cyclone preheater, a condensation chamber 3, and an isolation ash bin chamber 4, wherein the kiln tail smoke chamber 1 is connected to the last-stage cyclone preheater 7.

[0044] In this embodiment, a plurality of condensation sections A are installed in the condensation chamber 3, and the outer surface temperature of the condensation section A is controlled to be 550-750° C. Each condensation section A is located between the inlet and outlet ends of the condensation chamber 3, and each condensation section A can be pulled out of the condensation chamber 3.

[0045] like Figure 4 As shown, in this embodiment, the condensation chamber 3 is equipped with a plurality of condensation tubes 31, and a section of each condensation tube 31 passes through the side wall of the condensation chamber 3 and remains in the condensation chamber 3 as the condensation section A, thereby forming a plug-in installation mode that does not penetrate the condensation chamber 3. And each condensation tube 31 and the side wall of the condensation chamber 3 are relatively slidably matched at the passing position, so that the condensation section A of each condensation tube 31 can be freely pulled out from the condensation chamber 3. An isolation ash bin 4 is fixed on the side of the condensation chamber 3, and an ash hopper is also provided at the bottom of the isolation ash bin 4. A lock air valve B2 is installed at the ash hopper for discharging the extracted ash residue. The rest of each condensation tube 31 except the condensation section A passes into the isolation ash bin 4, and a scraper mechanism 10 is fixed in the isolation ash bin 4. Each condensation tube 31 passes through the scraper mechanism 10 respectively, and a scraper 32 is fixed at the position where each condensation tube 31 passes through the scraper mechanism 10, and the scraper 32 contacts the condensation tube 31 at the corresponding position. Lighting equipment and visual windows can be provided inside and outside the isolated ash bin chamber 4, respectively, for observing the internal working status.

[0046] Specifically, when the plug-in installation method without penetrating the condensing chamber 3 is adopted, each condensing tube 31 is distributed on two symmetrical sides of the condensing chamber 3, and the several condensing tubes 31 on each side of the condensing chamber 3 respectively penetrate the corresponding side wall of the condensing chamber 3 horizontally or obliquely and then penetrate into the condensing chamber 3. There are two groups of isolation ash bin chambers 4, which are also located on two symmetrical sides of the condensing chamber 3 where the condensing tubes 31 are located, and the remaining parts of the several condensing tubes 31 on each side of the condensing chamber 3 except the condensing section A penetrate into the isolation ash chamber 4 on the corresponding side. A push rod 33 is respectively arranged in each isolation ash bin chamber 4, and the push rod 33 is fixedly connected to each condensing tube 31 in the corresponding isolation ash bin chamber 4. The push rod 33 moves under the drive of an external power device 34 (such as a cylinder, a hydraulic cylinder, a linear motor, etc.), and the push rod 33 drives the condensing section A of the condensing tube 31 connected thereto to be inserted from the corresponding side of the condenser 3 into the condensing chamber 3, and the push rod 33 drives the condensing section A of the condensing tube 31 connected thereto to be pulled out from the condensing chamber 3 to the isolation ash bin chamber 4 on the corresponding side.

[0047] When the plug-in installation method without penetrating the condensing chamber 3 is adopted, each condensing tube 31 can also be distributed around the condensing chamber 3, and each condensing tube 31 passes through the corresponding side wall of the condensing chamber 3 horizontally or obliquely and then enters the condensing chamber 3. At this time, the isolation ash bin chamber 4 surrounds the side of the condensing chamber 3 in a circumferential direction. A plurality of push rods 33 are arranged in the isolation ash bin chamber 4, which are fixedly connected to each condensing tube 31; or a plurality of condensing tubes 31 with the same plug-in and pull-out direction are divided into a group, and each group of condensing tubes 31 is fixedly connected to the same push rod 33. The push rod 33 moves under the drive of an external power device 34 (such as a cylinder, a hydraulic cylinder, a linear motor, etc.), and the push rod 33 drives the condensing section A of the condensing tube 31 connected thereto to be inserted from the corresponding side of the condenser 3 into the condensing chamber 3, and the push rod 33 drives the condensing section A of the condensing tube 31 connected thereto to be pulled out from the condensing chamber 3 to the isolation ash bin chamber 4.

[0048] Or, if Figure 5 As shown, in this embodiment, the condensation chamber 3 is equipped with a plurality of condensation tubes 31, each condensation tube 31 is perpendicular to the flat surface of the condensation chamber 3 and horizontally passes through the two symmetrical side walls of the condensation chamber 3, and a section of the condensation tube 31 left in the condensation chamber 3 is used as the condensation section A, thereby forming a plug-in installation mode that penetrates the condensation chamber 3. And each condensation tube 31 and the side wall of the condensation chamber 3 are relatively slidably matched at the passing position, so that the condensation section of each condensation tube 31 can be pulled out from the condensation chamber 3. An isolation ash bin 4 is fixed on the side of the condensation chamber 3, and an ash hopper is also provided at the bottom of the isolation ash bin 4, and a wind lock valve B2 is installed at the ash hopper for discharging the extracted ash residue. The rest of each condensation tube 31 except the condensation section A penetrates into the isolation ash bin 4, and a scraper mechanism 10 is fixed in the isolation ash bin 4, and each condensation tube 31 passes through the scraper mechanism 10 respectively, and a scraper 32 is fixed at the position where each condensation tube 31 passes through the scraper mechanism 10, and the scraper 32 contacts the condensation tube 31 at the corresponding position. Lighting equipment and visual windows can be provided inside and outside the isolated ash bin chamber 4, respectively, for observing the internal working status.

[0049] Specifically, when the plug-in installation method of penetrating the condensing chamber 3 is adopted, each condensing tube 31 penetrates the same two symmetrical sides of the condensing chamber 3 horizontally or obliquely, and the middle section of each condensing tube 31 remains in the condensing chamber 3 as the condensing section A. There are two groups of isolation ash bin chambers 4, which are located on the two symmetrical sides of the condensing chamber 3 through which the condensing tube 31 passes, and the rest of each condensing tube 31 except the condensing section A is respectively penetrated into the isolation ash chamber 4 on the corresponding side. A push rod 33 is respectively arranged in each isolation ash bin chamber 4, and the push rod 33 is connected to the push plate in the corresponding isolation ash bin chamber 4, and the push plate is fixedly connected to each condensing tube 31. The push rod 33 moves under the drive of an external power device 34 (such as a cylinder, a hydraulic cylinder, a linear motor, etc.), and the push rod 33 drives the condensing section A of the condensing tube 31 connected thereto to penetrate into the condensing chamber 3, and the push rod 33 drives the condensing section A of the condensing tube 31 connected thereto to be pulled out from the condensing chamber 3 to the isolation ash bin chamber 4 on the corresponding side.

[0050] When the plug-in installation method of penetrating the condensing chamber 3 is adopted, each condensing tube 31 can also penetrate two different symmetrical sides of the condensing chamber 3, and the middle section of each condensing tube 31 remains in the condensing chamber 3 as the condensing section A. At this time, the isolation ash bin chamber 4 is circumferentially surrounded by the side of the condensing chamber 3. A plurality of push rods 33 are arranged in the isolation ash bin chamber 4, which are respectively fixedly connected to each condensing tube 31; or a plurality of condensing tubes 31 with the same plug-in and pull-out direction are divided into a group, and each group of condensing tubes 31 is fixedly connected to the same push plate, and the push plate is connected to the push rod 33. The push rod 33 moves under the drive of an external power device 34 (such as a cylinder, a hydraulic cylinder, a linear motor, etc.), and the push rod 33 drives the condensing section A of the condensing tube 31 connected thereto to penetrate into the condensing chamber 3, and the push rod 33 drives the condensing section A of the condensing tube 31 connected thereto to be pulled out from the condensing chamber 3 to the isolation ash bin chamber 4.

[0051] In this embodiment, according to the extraction amount requirement of the direct-discharge interfering elements, it can be determined whether the condensing tube 31 is installed by plugging through the condensing chamber 3 or by plugging without penetrating the condensing chamber 3. The condensing tube 31 moves back and forth therebetween to ensure that the interfering elements in the flue gas of the condensing chamber 3 are condensed on the surface of the condensing tube 31 in time, taken out of the condensing chamber 3 and cleaned in time.

[0052] In this embodiment, each condenser 31 forms a coolant circulation loop with the external coolant source 9 and the radiator 5 through the coolant pipeline 35, and a coolant control valve B1 for controlling the coolant flow rate is installed in the coolant circulation loop. When flue gas passes through the condensation chamber 3, the interfering elements in the flue gas are condensed through the condensation section A of each condenser 31 in the condensation chamber 3. When the condensation section A of the condenser 31 is pulled out from the condensation chamber 3 to the isolation ash chamber 4, when the condensation section A passes through the scraper mechanism 10, the scraper 32 at the corresponding position of the scraper mechanism 10 scrapes off the condensed interfering elements on the condensation section A, thereby realizing the direct discharge of the interfering elements. The scraped interfering elements finally fall into the ash hopper of the isolation ash chamber.

[0053] The condenser 31 quickly condenses the interfering elements from the flue gas in the condensation chamber 3 onto the surface of the condenser 3 during its reciprocating (telescopic) movement. The interfering elements are brought into the isolation ash bin 4 by the reciprocating (telescopic) condenser 31. The scraper 32 installed in the isolation ash bin 4 has the same outer contour as the condenser 31. After scraping, the condenser 31 returns to the condensation chamber 3 to continue condensing the interfering elements.

[0054] In this embodiment, the scraper mechanism is composed of a plurality of scraper plates parallel to each other and a driving device, and the condenser tube is arranged from a plane perpendicular to the scraper plate and through the hole of the scraper plate. The hole formed by the scraper plate superimposed in the direction of the axis of the condenser tube can change with the movement of the scraper plate; when the condenser tube is pulled out of the condensation chamber, the scraper plate is driven to move by the driving device, and the edge of the hole formed by the superimposed scraper plate moves toward the direction close to the axis of the condenser tube, and the gap between the hole formed by the superimposed scraper plate and the condenser tube is reduced, so that the condensate is scraped off; when the condenser tube is inserted into the condensation chamber, the edge of the hole of the scraper plate moves away from the axis of the condenser tube, and the gap between the hole formed by the superimposed scraper plate and the condenser tube is increased, so that the insertion of the condenser tube is convenient.

[0055] In this embodiment, Figure 3 As shown, the radial cross section of each condenser tube 31 is convex at the top and concave at the bottom to increase the windward contact area with the high-temperature flue gas, and the high-temperature flue gas flow entering the condensation chamber directly contacts the concave surface of the condenser tube. The horizontal cross-sectional area of ​​the condensation section A in the middle section of the condensation chamber 3 is larger than the horizontal cross-sectional area of ​​the condensation section A in the upper and lower sections of the condensation chamber 3 to reduce the flow velocity of the flue gas in the condensation chamber, and the surface of the condensation chamber connected to the isolation ash bin is a flat surface.

[0056] In this embodiment, the surface temperature of the condenser 31 can be adjusted by the flow rate of the condensate and the driving frequency of the reciprocating drive to control the surface temperature of the condenser 31 to be much lower than the flue gas temperature, so as to ensure that most of the interfering elements are condensed on the surface of the condenser 31.

[0057] In this embodiment, the condenser tubes 31 can be managed in groups according to the content of interfering elements, and the external control system controls the movement speed of each condenser tube group in the condensation chamber 3 and the flow rate of the condensate to meet the temperature control requirements on the surface of the condenser tube group.

[0058] This embodiment can realize the automatic condensation method of removing interfering elements in the entire main gas pipeline, or the automatic condensation method of removing interfering elements in part of the bypass.

[0059] The specific method of removing interfering elements can be determined according to the content of interfering elements. When the content of interfering elements in the production system is high, when the traditional bypass ventilation technology is used and the ventilation volume requirement is greater than 15%, the automatic condensation removal method of the entire main gas pipeline of this embodiment can be selected. When the traditional bypass ventilation technology is used and the bypass ventilation volume is less than 15%, especially when the bypass ventilation volume is controlled at 5% to 10%, the partial bypass automatic condensation removal method of this embodiment can be selected.

[0060] like Figure 1As shown, when the present embodiment realizes the partial bypass automatic condensation removal mode, the bypass venting point is generally selected to be a place where the interfering elements are easy to circulate and enrich. At the same time, the extraction point should have a suitable wind speed. Based on the above principles, it is most appropriate to select the venting point in the kiln tail smoke chamber 1. The bottom of the decomposition furnace 6 is directly connected to the kiln tail smoke chamber 1, and the condensation chamber 3 is independently arranged outside the decomposition furnace 6, the kiln tail smoke chamber 1, the multi-stage cyclone preheater, and the condensation chamber 3. In addition, a vent is set at the place where the interfering elements circulate and enrich in the kiln tail smoke chamber 1. The vent is connected to the bottom inlet of the condensation chamber 3 through the flue gas pipeline 2, and the top outlet of the condensation chamber 3 is connected to the decomposition furnace 6 or a certain stage of the cyclone preheater (for example Figure 1 The penultimate stage preheater 8 is shown as connected, and an air volume control valve B3 is installed on the top outlet pipe of the condensing chamber 3. The pressure difference between the bottom of the constricted opening of the kiln tail smoke chamber 1 and the outlet of the decomposition furnace 6 provides power for part of the flue gas bypass, and controls its flow rate through the air volume control valve B3 installed in the pipeline.

[0061] In the partial bypass automatic condensation removal mode, about 10% of the high-temperature flue gas with a temperature of 1050~1200℃ is extracted from the kiln tail smoke chamber 1, and the high-temperature flue gas enters the condensation chamber 3 through the flue gas pipeline 2. There is a circulating condensate in the condensation tube 31 in the condensation chamber 3, and the flow of the condensate is controlled by the coolant control valve B1 to maintain the outer surface temperature of the condensation tube 31 between 550~750℃ to meet the control needs of condensate condensation. After the high-temperature flue gas in the condensation chamber 3 contacts the outer surface of the condensation tube 31, the interference elements in the high-temperature flue gas will be quickly condensed on the surface of the condensation tube 31, especially at the bottom groove of the condensation tube 31. The condensation tube 31 moves slowly and reciprocatingly in the horizontal direction, and the condensed interference elements will be brought into the isolation ash bin 4 as the condensation tube 31 moves. The interference element condensate on the surface of the condensation tube 31 will be scraped by the scraper 32 into the ash hopper entering the isolation ash bin 4, and then the condensation tube 31 returns to the condensation chamber 3 to condense the interference elements again. In this reciprocating (expanding) movement, most of the interfering elements in the high-temperature flue gas will be collected in the isolation ash bin 4, and the ash hopper at the lower end of the isolation ash bin 4 is sealed by the air lock valve B2. After being cooled in the condensation chamber 3, the temperature of the high-temperature flue gas will be reduced. Due to the negative pressure in the cyclone preheater, the high-temperature flue gas returns to a certain level of cyclone preheater through the flue gas pipeline, and the waste heat and waste gas continue to preheat the raw material, reducing the waste of waste heat and waste gas resources.

[0062] like Figure 2As shown, when the present embodiment realizes automatic condensation removal of all main gas pipelines, the bottom of the decomposition furnace 6 is not directly connected to the kiln tail smoke chamber 1, but the bottom of the decomposition furnace 6 and the kiln tail smoke chamber 1 are connected through the condensation chamber 3. That is, the bottom inlet end of the condensation chamber 3 is connected to the kiln tail smoke chamber 1, and the top outlet end of the condensation chamber 3 is connected to the bottom of the decomposition furnace 6, thereby connecting the bottom of the decomposition furnace 6 and the kiln tail smoke chamber 1 through the condensation chamber 3. The condensation working principle of the condensation tube 31 is the same as the partial bypass automatic condensation removal method, only the outlet of the waste heat and waste gas is different, and no extra flue gas pipeline is required. The automatic condensation of all main gas pipelines has a higher removal efficiency of interfering elements. All the gases in the kiln tail flue 1 will enter the condensation chamber 3 to condense the condensate, and most of the interfering elements in the high-temperature flue gas will be condensed out.

[0063] In this embodiment, whether the automatic condensation removal method of the entire main gas pipeline or the automatic condensation removal method of part of the bypass is adopted, the interfering elements (potassium, sodium, sulfur, chlorine, etc.) are quickly condensed on the outer wall surface of the condenser tube 31 after the surface temperature of the condenser tube 31 is lower than 750°C. A large amount of interfering elements in the hot material are gasified into the gas phase in the rotary kiln. When they encounter a colder environment and matrix, they will quickly condense and gather on the matrix body. The high-temperature flue gas containing a large amount of interfering elements contacts and condenses at the groove on the lower surface of the condenser tube 31. The surface temperature of the condenser tube 31 can be controlled between 650°C and 750°C by the condensing medium to meet the rapid condensation of the interfering elements. Then, the condenser tube 31 is removed, and the condensed solids of the interfering elements are scraped and removed, so as to form a repeated and continuous removal of the interfering elements (potassium, sodium, sulfur, chlorine, etc.).

[0064] This embodiment also discloses a process for completely or partially bypassing the direct discharge interference element, comprising the following steps:

[0065] Step 1: The kiln tail smoke chamber needs to be appropriately designed or adjusted and transformed according to the control requirements of the emission interference element quantity to form a condensation chamber for the condensation tube group to work, so that when all or part of the bypass high-temperature flue gas flows through the condensation chamber, it contacts with the condensation tube group, condenses all or part of the bypass high-temperature flue gas interference elements, and condenses the interference elements into solid interference elements on the surface of the condensation tube group with a special structure design;

[0066] Step 2: The condenser tube group moves back and forth between the condensation chamber and the isolation ash bin. The condensed interfering element solids adhere to the surface of the condenser tube group with a special structure. When they enter the isolation ash bin on the side of the condensation chamber, they are scraped off by a special structure cleaning mechanism and fall into the ash hopper of the isolation ash bin.

[0067] Step 3: The isolation ash bin is located on both sides or one side of the high-temperature flue gas condensation chamber, so that when the condensation pipe group moves back and forth, a heat insulation and isolation sealing device is provided between the isolation ash bin and the condensation chamber, and each maintains an independent negative pressure working environment;

[0068] Step 4: The condenser group brings the collected condensed interfering element solids into the isolation ash bin chamber, which are scraped off by the cleaning mechanism and enter the ash hopper. They are then discharged outside the isolation ash bin chamber through the wind locking device for further processing or utilization. All or part of the bypass high-temperature flue gas that has undergone the condensation of the interfering elements returns to the original system for continued utilization.

[0069] The preferred embodiments of the present invention are described in detail above in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. The embodiments described in the present invention are merely descriptions of the preferred embodiments of the present invention, and do not limit the concept and scope of the present invention. The various specific technical features described in the above specific embodiments can be combined in any suitable manner without contradiction, and such combinations should also be regarded as the contents disclosed in the present disclosure as long as they do not violate the concept of the present invention. In order to avoid unnecessary repetition, the present invention will not further describe various possible combinations.

[0070] The present invention is not limited to the specific details of the above-mentioned embodiments. Within the technical concept of the present invention and without departing from the design concept of the present invention, various modifications and improvements made to the technical solution of the present invention by technical personnel in this field should fall within the protection scope of the present invention. The technical contents for which protection is sought in the present invention have been fully recorded in the claims.

Claims

1. An equipment system for completely or partially bypassing direct discharge interference elements, characterized in that: The condensation chamber (3) comprises a condensation chamber (3), wherein the condensation chamber (3) is connected in series between the bottom of the decomposition furnace (6) and the kiln tail smoke chamber (1), wherein the inlet end of the condensation chamber (3) is directly connected to the kiln tail smoke chamber (1), and the outlet end of the condensation chamber (3) is directly connected to the bottom of the decomposition furnace (6), and a plurality of condensation sections (A) are installed in the condensation chamber (3), each condensation section (A) is respectively located between the inlet end and the outlet end of the condensation chamber (3), and each condensation section (A) can be moved or pulled out from the condensation chamber (3) along its own axis; Alternatively, the bottom of the decomposition furnace (6) is connected to the kiln tail smoke chamber (1), the condensation chamber (3) is independent of the decomposition furnace (6) and the kiln tail smoke chamber (1), the kiln tail smoke chamber (1) is connected to the inlet end of the condensation chamber (3) through a side branch pipeline, and a plurality of condensation sections (A) are installed in the condensation chamber (3), each condensation section (A) is respectively located between the inlet end and the outlet end of the condensation chamber (3), and each condensation section (A) can be moved or pulled out from the condensation chamber (3) along its own axis; The condensation chamber (3) is provided with a plurality of condensation tubes (31), a section of each condensation tube (31) passes through a side wall of the condensation chamber (3) and remains in the condensation chamber (3) as the condensation section (A), thereby forming a plug-in installation method that does not penetrate the condensation chamber (3), and each condensation tube (31) and the side wall of the condensation chamber (3) are relatively slidably matched at the passing position, thereby the condensation section (A) of each condensation tube (31) can be freely pulled out of the condensation chamber (3); each condensation tube (31) is connected to a push plate, and the condensation tube forms a coolant circulation loop with an external coolant source through the push plate.

2. The equipment system for completely or partially bypassing direct-discharge interference elements according to claim 1, characterized in that: An isolation ash bin (4) is fixed on the side of the condensation chamber (3); the rest of each condensation tube (31) except the condensation section (A) passes through the isolation ash bin (4); a scraper mechanism (10) is fixed in the isolation ash bin (4); each condensation tube (31) passes through the scraper mechanism (10), and a scraper (32) is fixed at a position of the scraper mechanism (10) for each condensation tube (31) to pass through, and the scraper (32) contacts the condensation tube (31) at a corresponding position.

3. The equipment system for completely or partially bypassing direct discharge interference elements according to claim 2, characterized in that: The isolation ash bin chamber (4) is provided with a push plate fixedly connected to the condensation pipe (31), and a push rod (33) is connected to the push plate. The push rod moves when driven by an external power device, and the push rod (33) drives the condensation section (A) of the condensation pipe (31) connected to it to be inserted into the condensation chamber (3) or pulled out from the condensation chamber (3).

4. The equipment system for completely or partially bypassing direct-discharge interference elements according to claim 2, characterized in that: The scraper mechanism is composed of a plurality of scraper plates parallel to each other and a driving device, and the condenser tube is arranged perpendicular to the plane where the scraper plates are located and passes through the holes of the scraper plates.

5. According to the equipment system for fully or partially bypassing and directly discharging interfering elements as described in claim 4, the holes formed by the scraper plates in the direction of the axis of the condenser tube can change as the scraper plates move; when the condenser tube is pulled out of the condensation chamber, the scraper plates are driven to move by a driving device, and the edges of the holes formed by the scraper plates move toward the direction close to the axis of the condenser tube, and the gap between the holes formed by the scraper plates and the condenser tube is reduced, thereby scraping off the condensate; when the condenser tube is inserted into the condensation chamber, the edges of the holes of the scraper plates move away from the axis of the condenser tube, and the gap between the holes formed by the scraper plates and the condenser tube is increased, thereby facilitating the insertion of the condenser tube.

6. The equipment system for completely or partially bypassing direct discharge interference elements according to claim 1, characterized in that: The radial cross section of each condenser tube (31) presents a shape that is convex upward and concave downward.

7. The equipment system for completely or partially bypassing direct discharge interference elements according to claim 1, characterized in that: The horizontal cross-sectional area of ​​the condensation section (A) in the middle region of the condensation chamber (3) is greater than the horizontal cross-sectional areas of the inlet and outlet of the upper and lower regions of the condensation chamber (3).

8. The equipment system for completely or partially bypassing direct-discharge interference elements according to claim 1, characterized in that: The outer surface temperature of the condensation section (A) is controlled at 550°C to 750°C.

9. A process for completely or partially bypassing direct-discharge interference elements based on the equipment system for completely or partially bypassing direct-discharge interference elements as described in any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: Step 1: The kiln tail smoke chamber needs to be appropriately designed or adjusted and transformed according to the control requirements of the emission interference element quantity to form a condensation chamber for the condensation tube group to work, so that when all or part of the bypass high-temperature flue gas flows through the condensation chamber, it contacts with the condensation tube group, condenses all or part of the bypass high-temperature flue gas interference elements, and condenses the interference elements into solid interference elements on the surface of the condensation tube group; Step 2: The condenser tube group moves back and forth between the condensation chamber and the isolation ash bin. The condensed interfering element solids adhere to the surface of the condenser tube group. When they enter the isolation ash bin on the side of the condensation chamber, they are scraped off by the cleaning mechanism and fall into the ash hopper of the isolation ash bin. Step 3: The isolation ash bin is located on both sides or one side of the high-temperature flue gas condensation chamber, so that when the condensation pipe group moves back and forth, a heat insulation and isolation sealing device is provided between the isolation ash bin and the condensation chamber, and each maintains an independent negative pressure working environment; Step 4: The condenser group brings the collected condensed interfering element solids into the isolation ash bin chamber, which are scraped off by the cleaning mechanism and enter the ash hopper. They are then discharged outside the isolation ash bin chamber through the wind locking device for further processing or utilization. All or part of the bypass high-temperature flue gas that has undergone the condensation of the interfering elements returns to the original system for continued utilization.

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