A safe load test platform for reducers

Abstract

The present invention relates to the field of reducer testing technology, and in particular to a safe load testing platform for reducers. A test bench is provided on the test bench, and a motor, a support platform and a bearing shell are arranged on the test bench. The support platform is rotatably connected to a first transmission shaft through a support plate, and the first transmission shaft is fixedly connected to a fixed frame, and a first sliding block uniformly distributed in the circumferential direction is slidably connected to the fixed frame. A slope is arranged on the side of the first sliding block close to the first transmission shaft, and the fixed column is extruded and matched with the slope of the first sliding block. The present invention uses the resistance generated by the extrusion of the fixed column and the slope of the first sliding block to make the reducer run slowly. In the process, whether abnormal noise is generated inside the reducer is detected to avoid foreign matter or detached parts inside the reducer from damaging the internal structure of the reducer when the reducer runs at high speed, thereby protecting the reducer from additional damage during testing.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of speed reducer testing, and in particular to a safety load testing platform for speed reducers. Background Art

[0002] A reducer is an independent component consisting of a gear transmission, a worm transmission, and a gear-worm transmission enclosed in a rigid housing. It is often used as a transmission device for reducing speed or increasing torque between the prime mover and the working machine. It is particularly widely used in torque amplification of some machinery. Therefore, performance testing of the reducer is an important process for determining whether the reducer is of qualified quality.

[0003] The performance test of the reducer mainly includes whether the output is stable, the load limit it can withstand, the wear resistance of the internal transmission structure, the maximum working time under a specified load, etc. Most of the existing testing devices input a specified speed through a motor at the input end of the reducer, and actively add a load at the output end of the reducer to simulate the operation of the reducer in actual use.

[0004] However, when the reducer is started by the motor, if the parts inside the reducer are not installed firmly or some parts have fallen off, it will cause additional damage to the reducer itself during the test. Moreover, if the fallen parts inside the reducer are stuck, the starting torque of the motor will increase. In severe cases, the motor will be overloaded and damaged, which will increase additional costs. Summary of the invention

[0005] In order to overcome the disadvantage that loose installation of internal parts of a reducer may cause adverse effects, the present invention provides a safe load testing platform for a reducer.

[0006] The technical solution of the present invention is: a safe load testing platform for a reducer, comprising a test bench, the test bench is provided with a motor, a support platform and a bearing shell, the output shaft of the motor is fixedly connected to a fixed disk, the fixed disk is fixedly connected to a fixed column evenly distributed in the circumferential direction, the support platform is rotatably connected to a first transmission shaft through a support plate, the first transmission shaft is fixedly connected to a fixed frame on a side close to the motor, a first sliding block evenly distributed in the circumferential direction is slidably connected to the fixed frame, an elastic member is fixedly connected between the first sliding block evenly distributed in the circumferential direction and the fixed frame, an inclined surface is provided on a side of the first sliding block close to the first transmission shaft, the fixed column is extruded and matched with the inclined surface of the first sliding block, the support platform is rotatably connected to a second transmission shaft through a support plate, the second transmission shaft is located on a side of the first transmission shaft away from the motor, the second transmission shaft passes through the bearing shell and is sealed and rotatably matched with it, the part of the second transmission shaft located in the bearing shell is provided with a fixed plate evenly distributed in the circumferential direction, the fixed plates evenly distributed in the circumferential direction are provided with a plurality of first flow holes, and hydraulic oil is stored in the bearing shell.

[0007] Furthermore, a first sliding groove evenly distributed circumferentially is provided on one side of the first transmission shaft close to the fixed frame, a T-shaped slider is slidably connected in the first sliding groove evenly distributed circumferentially, and a tension spring is fixedly connected between the T-shaped slider evenly distributed circumferentially and the first transmission shaft.

[0008] Furthermore, a first limiting hole is provided on one side of the T-shaped slider which is evenly distributed circumferentially, a sliding ring is slidably connected to the first transmission shaft, the first transmission shaft is provided with a second sliding groove which is evenly distributed circumferentially, a fixing pin which is evenly distributed circumferentially is provided on the inner side of the sliding ring, the fixing pin is slidably matched with an adjacent second sliding groove, the first transmission shaft is provided with a third sliding groove which is evenly distributed circumferentially, a pull rope is fixedly connected to the fixing pin which is evenly distributed circumferentially, the pull rope of the fixing pin is located inside the first transmission shaft, and a limiting column is slidably connected to the third sliding groove which is evenly distributed circumferentially, the limiting column is limitedly matched with the first limiting hole of the adjacent T-shaped slider for limiting the sliding of the T-shaped slider, the limiting column is fixedly connected to the adjacent pull rope, a spring is fixedly connected between the limiting column which is evenly distributed circumferentially and the first transmission shaft, and the spring is located in the adjacent third sliding groove on the side close to the sliding ring.

[0009] Furthermore, the first sliding blocks uniformly distributed circumferentially and the T-shaped sliding blocks uniformly distributed circumferentially are staggered, and with the axis of the first transmission shaft as the standard, the central angle corresponding to the adjacent edges between the first sliding block and the adjacent T-shaped sliding blocks is greater than the central angle corresponding to the fixed column, which is used to reset the first sliding block.

[0010] Furthermore, the elastic coefficient of the tension spring between the T-shaped slider and the first transmission shaft is smaller than the elastic coefficient of the spring between the limiting column and the first transmission shaft, so as to control the resetting of the T-shaped slider.

[0011] Furthermore, it also includes sliding plates that are evenly distributed circumferentially, and the sliding plates that are evenly distributed circumferentially are respectively slidably connected to the adjacent fixed plates, and a plurality of second flow holes are provided on the sliding plates. The second flow holes of the sliding plates are communicated and cooperated with the adjacent first flow holes on the adjacent fixed plates, and the sliding plates are sealed and cooperated with the first flow holes on the adjacent fixed plates to change the flow volume of the adjacent first flow holes.

[0012] Furthermore, the fixed frame is fixed with a T-shaped frame evenly distributed in the circumferential direction, the side of the T-shaped frame away from the adjacent first sliding block is slidably connected with an L-shaped block, the side of the T-shaped frame close to the adjacent first sliding block is fixed with a first fixed shell, the first fixed shell is slidably connected with a piston rod, the piston rod passes through the adjacent first fixed shell, the piston rod is extruded and matched with the adjacent first sliding block, the piston rod is fixed with the adjacent L-shaped block, the side of the L-shaped block away from the adjacent piston rod is fixed with a magnetic block, the first transmission shaft is rotatably connected with a rotating ring, the rotating ring is fixed with a fixed ring, the magnetic block is magnetically matched with the fixed ring, a gearbox and a hydraulic cylinder are provided on the test bench, the input end of the gearbox is connected to the rotating ring A transmission part is connected between the rings, the output end of the gearbox is fixedly connected to the hydraulic rod of the hydraulic cylinder, a cavity is provided in the second transmission shaft, a second sliding block is sealingly and slidably connected in the cavity of the second transmission shaft, a conical surface is provided on one side of the second sliding block, the sliding plates uniformly distributed circumferentially are all sealingly and slidably connected to the cavity of the second transmission shaft, an inclined surface which is pressed and matched with the conical surface of the second sliding block is provided on the side of the sliding plate close to the second transmission shaft, an elastic part is fixedly connected between the sliding plate and the adjacent fixed plate, the bearing shell is fixedly connected to the second fixed shell, the second fixed shell is fixedly connected to the hydraulic cylinder and is connected with an oil guide pipe, the second fixed shell is sealingly and rotatably matched with the second transmission shaft, and is connected with the cavity of the second transmission shaft.

[0013] Furthermore, a sealing plate is sealed and slidably connected in each of the first fixed shells evenly distributed in the circumferential direction, an elastic member is fixedly connected between the sealing plate and the adjacent first fixed shell, the sealing plate is fixedly connected to the adjacent piston rod, a first guide hole and a second guide hole are arranged on the sealing plate, a one-way valve is arranged in the first guide hole, and the flow rate of the one-way valve in the first guide hole is greater than the flow rate of the second guide hole, so as to control the movement speed of the piston rod.

[0014] Furthermore, a protective shell is also included, which is arranged on the support platform, and the protective shell is located between the first transmission shaft and the second transmission shaft. The first transmission shaft and the second transmission shaft both pass through the protective shell and are rotatably matched with the protective shell.

[0015] Furthermore, a protective cover is rotatably connected to the upper side of the protective shell, an airbag is arranged on the inner side of the protective cover, and hot-expanding gas is injected into the airbag, the airbag is fixedly connected and communicated with an air duct, a third fixed shell is arranged on the test bench, the third fixed shell is communicated with the air duct, a piston plate is sealingly and slidably connected to a side of the third fixed shell close to the air duct, a sliding column is slidably connected to a side of the third fixed shell away from the air duct, a spring is fixedly connected between the sliding column and the piston plate, a second limiting hole is arranged on the circumferential side of the sliding column, a contact piece is fixedly connected to a side of the sliding column away from the piston plate, an elastic telescopic rod is arranged on the test bench, the telescopic end of the elastic telescopic rod is limitedly matched with the second limiting hole of the sliding column, a contact block is arranged on the test bench, the contact block is extruded and matched with the contact piece, and one of the wires forming a loop of the motor is divided into two sections, one section is fixedly connected to the contact piece, and the other section is fixedly connected to the contact block.

[0016] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following advantages: the present invention uses the resistance generated by the inclined extrusion of the fixed column and the first sliding block to make the reducer run slowly during the test. During this process, it is detected whether abnormal noise is generated inside the reducer, thereby preventing foreign objects or detached parts inside the reducer from damaging the internal structure of the reducer when the reducer runs at high speed, thereby protecting the reducer from additional damage during the test.

[0017] By limiting the resetting of the magnetic block by the first sliding block, the magnetic block will not drive the rotating ring to rotate through the fixed ring when the reducer has not reached the specified speed, so that subsequent parts will not operate, ensuring the accuracy of the reducer test data.

[0018] The protective shell simulates the reducer being inside some protective devices during actual use, and the temperature of the reducer is detected by the thermal expansion gas in the airbag to control the connectivity of the motor's loop wires, thereby preventing the reducer from continuing to run when the temperature is too high, causing increased wear, and improving the protection of the reducer performance during testing. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0019] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the present invention;

[0020] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the first transmission shaft, the second transmission shaft and the airbag of the present invention;

[0021] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the fixed column and the first sliding block of the present invention;

[0022] Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the parts in the load-bearing shell of the present invention;

[0023] Figure 5 It is a three-dimensional structural cross-sectional view of the first transmission shaft and the sliding ring of the present invention;

[0024] Figure 6 It is a three-dimensional structural schematic diagram of the T-shaped sliding block and the limiting column of the present invention;

[0025] Figure 7 It is a rear view of the three-dimensional structure of the present invention;

[0026] Figure 8 It is a three-dimensional structural cross-sectional view of the second transmission shaft and the second fixed housing of the present invention;

[0027] Fig. 9 It is a three-dimensional structural schematic diagram of the fixing frame, the gearbox and the hydraulic cylinder of the present invention;

[0028] Fig.10 It is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the parts inside the first fixed shell and the rotating ring of the present invention;

[0029] Fig.11 It is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the blocking plate of the present invention;

[0030] Fig.12 It is a three-dimensional structural schematic diagram of the parts in the third fixed shell of the present invention;

[0031] Fig.13 It is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the contact piece, the elastic telescopic rod and the contact block of the present invention;

[0032] Fig.14 It is a system diagram of the present invention.

[0033] In the accompanying drawings: 1-test bench, 2-motor, 3-support table, 4-bearing shell, 401-fixed plate, 5-fixed disk, 6-fixed column, 7-first transmission shaft, 8-fixed frame, 9-first sliding block, 10-second transmission shaft, 11-T-shaped slider, 12-sliding ring, 13-limiting column, 15-sliding plate, 16-T-shaped frame, 17-L-shaped block, 18-first fixed shell, 19-blocking plate, 20-piston rod, 21-magnetic block, 22-rotating ring, 23-fixed ring, 24-gearbox, 25-hydraulic cylinder, 26-second sliding block, 27-second fixed shell, 28-protective shell, 29-protective cover, 30-airbag, 31-air guide tube, 32-third fixed shell, 33-piston plate, 34-sliding column, 35-contact piece, 36-elastic telescopic rod, 37-contact block. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0034] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0035] Embodiment 1: A safety load test platform for a reducer, such as Figure 1-Figure 4 and Fig.14 As shown, a test bench 1 is provided with a control terminal, and an audio acquisition module (not shown in the figure) is provided on the test bench 1. The audio acquisition module is electrically connected to the control terminal for detecting abnormal noise of the reducer. A torque sensor (not shown in the figure) is provided on the test bench 1, and the torque sensor is electrically connected to the control terminal for detecting the torque of the second transmission shaft 10. A motor 2, a support platform 3 and a bearing shell 4 are sequentially arranged on the test bench 1, and the motor 2 is electrically connected to the control terminal. The support platform 3 is located between the motor 2 and the bearing shell 4. The motor 2 is used to provide power for the reducer to be tested, and the support platform 3 is used to fix the reducer to be tested. The output shaft of the motor 2 is fixedly connected to a fixed disk 5, and four fixed columns 6 uniformly distributed in the circumferential direction are fixedly connected to the fixed disk 5. The support platform 3 is rotatably connected to a first transmission shaft 7 through a support plate, which is used to transmit power to the input shaft of the reducer to be tested. A fixed frame 8 is fixedly connected to the side of the first transmission shaft 7 close to the motor 2, and four first sliding blocks 9 uniformly distributed in the circumferential direction are slidably connected to the fixed frame 8. The four first sliding blocks 9 An elastic member is fixedly connected to the fixing frame 8, and the elastic member is configured as a tension spring, and the tension spring is located on the side of the fixing frame 8 away from the axis of the first transmission shaft 7, and is used to generate resistance to the sliding of the adjacent first sliding block 9, and can quickly reset the first sliding block 9. A slope is provided on the side of the first sliding block 9 close to the first transmission shaft 7, and the fixed column 6 is squeezed and matched with the slope of the first sliding block 9. The support platform 3 is rotatably connected to the second transmission shaft 10 through the support plate. The second transmission shaft 10 is located on the side of the first transmission shaft 7 away from the motor 2, and is used to connect the load to the output shaft of the reducer to be tested. The second transmission shaft 10 passes through the bearing shell 4 and is sealed and rotatably matched with it. The part of the second transmission shaft 10 located in the bearing shell 4 is provided with a circumferentially uniformly distributed fixed plate 401, and a plurality of first flow holes are provided on the fixed plate 401. Hydraulic oil is stored in the bearing shell 4, so that when the output shaft of the reducer drives the second transmission shaft 10 to rotate, the hydraulic oil in the bearing shell 4 generates resistance to the rotation of the fixed plate 401, so as to simulate the state of the reducer being loaded when in use.

[0036] like Figure 3 and Figure 5As shown, four first sliding grooves evenly distributed in the circumferential direction are provided on one side of the first transmission shaft 7 close to the fixed frame 8, and T-shaped sliders 11 are slidably connected in the four first sliding grooves. Tension springs are fixedly connected between the four T-shaped sliders 11 and the first transmission shaft 7, and the tension springs are used to reset adjacent T-shaped sliders 11. The four first sliding blocks 9 are staggered with the four T-shaped sliders 11, and the axis of the first transmission shaft 7 is taken as the standard. The central angle corresponding to the adjacent edges between the first sliding block 9 and the adjacent T-shaped slider 11 is greater than the central angle corresponding to the fixed column 6, so that after the fixed column 6 contacts the adjacent T-shaped slider 11, the first sliding block 9 will not be blocked by the adjacent fixed column 6 when resetting.

[0037] like Figure 2 , Figure 5 and Figure 6 As shown, the first transmission shaft 7 is slidably connected with a sliding ring 12, and the four T-shaped sliders 11 are each provided with a first limiting hole on one side close to the sliding ring 12, and the first transmission shaft 7 is provided with four second sliding grooves evenly distributed in the circumferential direction, and the inner side of the sliding ring 12 is provided with four fixing pins evenly distributed in the circumferential direction, and the fixing pins are slidably matched with the adjacent second sliding grooves, and the first transmission shaft 7 is provided with four third sliding grooves evenly distributed in the circumferential direction, and the four fixing pins are all fixedly connected with a pull rope, and the pull ropes of the four fixing pins are all inside the first transmission shaft 7, and the four third sliding grooves are all slidably connected with the limiting hole. Column 13, the limit column 13 is limitedly matched with the first limit hole of the adjacent T-shaped slider 11, and is used to limit the sliding of the T-shaped slider 11. The limit column 13 is fixedly connected to the adjacent pull rope. A spring is fixedly connected between the four limit columns 13 and the first transmission shaft 7. The spring is located on the side of the adjacent third slide groove close to the sliding ring 12. The spring is used to reset the adjacent limit column 13. The elastic coefficient of the tension spring between the T-shaped slider 11 and the first transmission shaft 7 is smaller than the elastic coefficient of the spring between the limit column 13 and the first transmission shaft 7, and is used to control the reset of the T-shaped slider 11.

[0038] When using this device to test the reducer, the staff fixes the reducer to be tested on the support platform 3, and connects the input shaft of the reducer with the first transmission shaft 7, and the output shaft with the second transmission shaft 10. After completing the fixation of the reducer and the connection between the input shaft and the output shaft, the preparation work is completed. Then the staff starts the motor 2, and drives the fixed disk 5 to rotate through the output shaft of the motor 2. The rotation of the fixed disk 5 drives the four fixed columns 6 thereon to rotate. The four fixed columns 6 rotate and squeeze the inclined surfaces of the four first sliding blocks 9 at the same time, so that the four first sliding blocks 9 move in the direction away from the first transmission shaft 7 respectively, and the tension springs between the fixed frame 8 and the four first sliding blocks 9 are stretched. After the four fixed columns 6 are out of contact with the inclined surfaces of the four first sliding blocks 9, the first sliding block 9 is quickly reset under the action of the adjacent tension springs, and thereafter the first sliding block 9 cycles with the above-mentioned action.

[0039] During the process of multiple movements and resetting of the first sliding block 9, the fixed column 6 squeezes the inclined surface of the first sliding block 9 multiple times. The resistance generated by the squeezing of the fixed column 6 and the inclined surface of the first sliding block 9 causes the fixed frame 8 to drive the first transmission shaft 7 to rotate. The rotation of the first transmission shaft 7 drives the input shaft of the reducer to rotate, thereby causing the reducer to run slowly. The audio acquisition module is used to detect the sound source generated when the reducer is started. If there is an abnormal sound, the motor 2 is turned off in time to avoid additional damage caused by direct high-speed operation when there are parts falling off inside the reducer. At the same time, the torque received by the motor 2 when driving the reducer to run is reduced, thereby extending the service life of the motor 2. If there is no abnormal sound, it can be used normally.

[0040] In the process of the fixed column 6 and the first sliding block 9 cooperating to drive the first transmission shaft 7 to rotate, the centrifugal force exerted on the T-shaped slider 11 located in the four first sliding grooves on the first transmission shaft 7 gradually increases. Taking one of the T-shaped sliders 11 as an example, the first limiting hole of the T-shaped slider 11 is limited by the adjacent limiting column 13, so that the T-shaped slider 11 does not move. When the first transmission shaft 7 reaches a certain speed, the centrifugal force exerted on the T-shaped slider 11 is sufficient to make the first limiting hole of the T-shaped slider 11 break away from the limit of the adjacent limiting column 13. The T-shaped slider 11 moves in the direction away from the first transmission shaft 7 under the action of the centrifugal force, and stretches the T-shaped slider 11 and the first transmission shaft. 7, the T-shaped slider 11 moves and squeezes the adjacent limit column 13, so that the limit column 13 moves toward the direction close to the sliding ring 12, and compresses the spring between the limit column 13 and the first transmission shaft 7. After the T-shaped slider 11 is fully extended, the T-shaped slider 11 is separated from the squeezing of the adjacent limit column 13, the pressure of the limit column 13 on the adjacent spring disappears, and the elastic force of the adjacent spring of the limit column 13 is released, driving the limit column 13 to reset. At this time, the side of the T-shaped slider 11 close to the axis of the first transmission shaft 7 is limited by the adjacent limit column 13. The stability of the T-shaped slider 11 in different states is guaranteed by the limit column 13 on the adjacent T-shaped slider 11 before and after the movement.

[0041] After the reducer is successfully started and the four T-shaped sliders 11 are fully extended, the fixed column 6 will be blocked by the extended T-shaped slider 11 after squeezing and passing through the inclined surface of the first sliding block 9. Then, the fixed column 6 drives the first transmission shaft 7 to rotate through the T-shaped slider 11. At this time, the power transmission is complete, so that the power of the motor 2 is completely transmitted to the input shaft of the reducer to be tested through the first transmission shaft 7. The reducer converts the power of the input shaft through itself and outputs the power through the output shaft. The rotation of the output shaft of the reducer drives the second transmission shaft 10 to rotate, and the rotation of the second transmission shaft 10 drives the fixed plate 4 thereon 01 rotates in the load-bearing shell 4. When the fixed plate 401 rotates, the hydraulic oil in the load-bearing shell 4 flows through the first flow hole on the fixed plate 401, and generates resistance to the rotation of the fixed plate 401. The rotation of the fixed plate 401 is hindered, so that the rotation of the second transmission shaft 10 is hindered. The hindered rotation of the second transmission shaft 10 forms a load on the output shaft of the reducer to realize the load test of the reducer. In the above process, the torque sensor continuously detects the torque of the second transmission shaft 10, and transmits the detected information to the control terminal in real time, so as to detect whether the torque output by the reducer is stable.

[0042] After testing the reducer, the staff turns off the motor 2 to stop the entire device. At this time, since the side of the T-shaped slider 11 close to the axis of the first transmission shaft 7 is limited by the adjacent limit column 13, the T-shaped slider 11 will not reset directly. Then the staff moves the sliding ring 12 away from the limit column 13. The movement of the sliding ring 12 drives the four fixed pins thereon to slide in the adjacent second slide grooves respectively. Taking one of the fixed pins as an example, the movement of the fixed pin pulls the adjacent limit column 13 towards the sliding ring 12 through its adjacent pull rope, and compresses the adjacent spring of the limit column 13, so that the limit column 13 is pressed against the adjacent T-shaped slider 11. The limit is released, and then the T-shaped slider 11 moves toward the direction close to the axis of the first transmission shaft 7 under the action of the adjacent tension spring. After the T-shaped slider 11 is completely reset, the staff releases the sliding ring 12. At this time, the tension of the adjacent pull rope of the fixed pin disappears, and the tension of the pull rope on the adjacent limit column 13 disappears. The spring elastic force adjacent to the limit column 13 is released, so that the limit column 13 moves toward the direction close to the adjacent T-shaped slider 11, and drives the sliding ring 12 to reset through the adjacent pull rope. Then the limit column 13 limits the T-shaped slider 11 again through the first limit hole of the adjacent T-shaped slider 11. After that, the staff will replace the reducer to be tested and can carry out the next test.

[0043] Embodiment 2: Based on embodiment 1, Figure 4As shown, it also includes sliding plates 15 uniformly distributed in the circumferential direction, the number of sliding plates 15 and fixed plates 401 is the same, the sliding plates 15 are slidably connected to the adjacent fixed plates 401, and a plurality of second flow holes are provided on the sliding plate 15. The number of the second flow holes of the sliding plate 15 is the same as the number of the first flow holes of the adjacent fixed plates 401. The second flow holes of the sliding plate 15 are communicated and cooperated with the adjacent first flow holes on the adjacent fixed plates 401, and the sliding plate 15 is sealed and cooperated with the first flow holes on the adjacent fixed plates 401, so that the sliding plate 15 changes the flow volume of the adjacent first flow holes through the cooperation of itself and the second flow holes thereon, thereby changing the resistance of the hydraulic oil to the fixed plate 401.

[0044] like Figure 7-10As shown, the fixed frame 8 is fixed with four T-shaped frames 16 evenly distributed in the circumferential direction, and the four T-shaped frames 16 are slidably connected to the side away from the adjacent first sliding block 9 with an L-shaped block 17, and the four T-shaped frames 16 are fixed with the side close to the adjacent first sliding block 9 with a first fixed shell 18, and the four first fixed shells 18 are slidably connected with a piston rod 20, and the four piston rods 20 pass through the adjacent first fixed shells 18, and the piston rod 20 is squeezed and matched with the adjacent first sliding block 9, and the piston rod 20 is fixed to the adjacent L-shaped block 17, and the L-shaped block 17 is fixed with a magnetic block 21 on the side away from the adjacent piston rod 20, so that the piston rod 20 is driven by the L-shaped block 17 when moving. The magnetic block 21 moves, and the first transmission shaft 7 is rotatably connected to a rotating ring 22. A fixed ring 23 is fixed to the rotating ring 22. The fixed ring 23 is set to a ferromagnetic material. The magnetic block 21 and the fixed ring 23 are magnetically matched. A gearbox 24 and a hydraulic cylinder 25 are set on the test bench 1. The internal structure of the gearbox 24 is to reduce the power of the input end through a multi-stage gear, and finally control the horizontal movement of the output end through a rack. The specific mechanism is not shown in the attached drawings. A transmission member is connected between the input end of the gearbox 24 and the rotating ring 22, so that when the rotating ring 22 rotates, the input end of the gearbox 24 is driven to rotate through the transmission member. The output end of the gearbox 24 is connected to the hydraulic cylinder 25. The hydraulic rod is fixedly connected, and in the process of the rotating ring 22 driving the gearbox 24 to operate through the transmission member, the gearbox 24 controls the hydraulic rod to gradually push out the hydraulic oil in the hydraulic cylinder 25. A cavity is provided in the second transmission shaft 10, and a second sliding block 26 is sealingly and slidably connected in the cavity of the second transmission shaft 10. A conical surface is provided on one side of the second sliding block 26. All sliding plates 15 are sealingly and slidably connected to the cavity of the second transmission shaft 10. A slope that is pressed and matched with the conical surface of the second sliding block 26 is provided on the side of the sliding plate 15 close to the second transmission shaft 10. An elastic member is fixedly connected between the sliding plate 15 and the adjacent fixed plate 401, and the elastic member is set as a leaf spring for To reset the adjacent sliding plate 15, the bearing shell 4 is fixedly connected to the second fixed shell 27, and the second fixed shell 27 is located on the side of the bearing shell 4 away from the motor 2. The second fixed shell 27 and the hydraulic cylinder 25 are fixedly connected and connected with an oil guide pipe, and the oil guide pipe is filled with hydraulic oil. The second fixed shell 27 is sealed and rotated with the second transmission shaft 10 and is connected with the cavity of the second transmission shaft 10. Hydraulic oil is filled between the second fixed shell 27 and the second sliding block 26 in the cavity of the second transmission shaft 10, so that the gearbox 24 controls the movement of the second sliding block 26 through the hydraulic cylinder 25, thereby controlling the sliding of the sliding plate 15, and finally changing the flow rate of the first flow hole on the fixed plate 401.

[0045] like Fig.10 and Fig.11As shown, the four first fixed shells 18 are all sealed and slidably connected with a blocking plate 19, and an elastic member is fixedly connected between the four blocking plates 19 and the adjacent first fixed shells 18. The elastic member is configured as a spring, which is located on the side of the blocking plate 19 away from the first transmission shaft 7, and is used to reset the adjacent blocking plate 19. The blocking plate 19 is fixedly connected to the adjacent piston rod 20. The blocking plate 19 is provided with a first guide hole and a second guide hole. A one-way valve is provided in the first guide hole, and the flow direction of the one-way valve is from the side of the blocking plate 19 away from the first transmission shaft 7 to the side of the blocking plate 19 close to the first transmission shaft 7, and the flow volume of the one-way valve in the first guide hole is greater than the flow volume of the second guide hole, so that the blocking plate 19 moves fast in the direction away from the first transmission shaft 7, and moves slowly in the opposite direction.

[0046] Before the staff starts the motor 2, the four piston rods 20 are first pulled in the direction away from the axis of the first transmission shaft 7. Taking one of the piston rods 20 as an example, the piston rod 20 moves to drive the adjacent L-shaped block 17 and the adjacent blocking plate 19 to move. The L-shaped block 17 moves to drive the adjacent magnetic block 21 to move away from the fixing ring 23, so that the magnetic block 21 and the fixing ring 23 are released from the magnetic attraction. The blocking plate 19 moves to compress the spring between it and the adjacent first fixed shell 18, and the hydraulic oil in the first fixed shell 18 passes through the one-way valve and the second flow hole in the first flow hole of the adjacent blocking plate 19, and is discharged from the blocking plate 19. 9 enters the side of the blocking plate 19 close to the first transmission shaft 7 from the side away from the first transmission shaft 7, until the spring between the blocking plate 19 and the adjacent first fixed shell 18 is compressed to the limit and then stops pulling the piston rod 20. At this time, the pulling force on the piston rod 20 disappears, and the pressure of the blocking plate 19 on the adjacent spring disappears. The elastic force of the spring is released to drive the blocking plate 19 to reset, and the hydraulic oil on the side of the blocking plate 19 close to the first transmission shaft 7 is pressed into the side of the blocking plate 19 away from the first transmission shaft 7 through the second flow hole. At this time, only the second flow hole can allow the hydraulic oil to pass, so that the piston rod 20 drives the parts thereon to reset at a slower speed.

[0047] After the staff pulls the piston rod 20 to the specified position, the motor 2 is started, and the output shaft of the motor 2 drives the four fixed columns 6 on the fixed plate 5 to rotate. When the four fixed columns 6 respectively contact the inclined surfaces of the four first sliding blocks 9 and squeeze them away from the first transmission shaft 7, taking one of the first sliding blocks 9 as an example, the moving first sliding block 9 contacts the adjacent piston rod 20 that is slowly resetting, and pushes the piston rod 20 and the parts thereon away from the first transmission shaft 7 again. After several pushes, the distances between the four piston rods 20 and the first transmission shaft 7 are consistent. After the four T-shaped sliders 11 of the first transmission shaft 7 are extended, the first sliding block 9 is no longer in contact with the fixed column 6, and the first sliding block 9 no longer pushes the adjacent piston rod 20. The blocking plate 19 is slowly reset under the action of the adjacent spring and drives the adjacent piston rod 20 to reset. The piston rod 20 resets and drives the adjacent magnetic block 21 to gradually re-magnetically match with the fixed ring 23 through the adjacent L-shaped block 17, so that when the reducer has not fully entered the operating state, the first transmission shaft 7 will not drive the rotating ring 22 to rotate, thereby avoiding the rotation of the rotating ring 22 triggering the operation of subsequent parts, which affects the final test results.

[0048] After the four magnetic blocks 21 and the fixed ring 23 are magnetically engaged again, the first transmission shaft 7 rotates through the magnetic block 21 to drive the fixed ring 23 to rotate, and the fixed ring 23 drives the input end of the gearbox 24 to rotate through the rotating ring 22 and the transmission member. The gearbox 24 changes the power of the pulley so that its output end slowly extends in the horizontal direction. The output end of the gearbox 24 extends to push the hydraulic rod of the hydraulic cylinder 25 to move, and the hydraulic oil of the hydraulic cylinder 25 is pushed into the second fixed shell 27 through the oil guide pipe. The hydraulic oil entering the second fixed shell 27 finally enters the cavity of the second transmission shaft 10 after passing through the second fixed shell 27, and pushes the second sliding block 26 to move left, so that the second sliding block 26 pushes the sliding plates 15 evenly distributed in the circumference in the direction away from the axis of the second transmission shaft 10 through the conical surface thereon, with one of the sliding plates 15 as the For example, the sliding plate 15 slides on the adjacent fixed plate 401 and squeezes the leaf spring between the adjacent fixed plate 401. The movement of the sliding plate 15 drives the second flow hole thereon to gradually release the flow coordination with the first flow hole of the adjacent fixed plate 401, so that the flow volume of the first flow hole of the adjacent fixed plate 401 is reduced, thereby gradually increasing the resistance of the hydraulic oil in the load-bearing shell 4 to the rotation of the fixed plate 401, and finally gradually increasing the rotation resistance of the second transmission shaft 10, so as to realize the gradual increase of the load of the second transmission shaft 10 on the reducer. By gradually increasing the load, the operating state of the reducer under different loads is tested. In the above process, the torque of the second transmission shaft 10 is continuously detected by the torque sensor, and the detected information is transmitted to the control terminal in real time, so as to detect whether the torque output by the reducer under different loads is stable.

[0049] After the test of the reducer is completed, the staff turns off the motor 2 to stop the entire device. At this time, the staff resets the extended output end of the gearbox 24, and the output end of the gearbox 24 drives the hydraulic rod of the hydraulic cylinder 25 to reset. The hydraulic rod draws the hydraulic oil in the cavity of the second transmission shaft 10 back into the hydraulic cylinder 25 through the oil guide pipe, and drives the second sliding block 26 to reset to the right. The extrusion of the conical surface of the second sliding block 26 on the sliding plate 15 disappears, and the sliding plate 15 is reset under the action of the adjacent leaf spring. Then the staff resets the T-shaped slider 11 by controlling the sliding ring 12, and then the next test can be carried out.

[0050] Embodiment 3: Based on embodiment 2, Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, a protective shell 28 is also included. The protective shell 28 is arranged on the support platform 3. The protective shell 28 is located between the first transmission shaft 7 and the second transmission shaft 10. When testing the reducer, the reducer to be tested is fixed in the protective shell 28 for testing, simulating an environment in which the reducer is located inside the protective device and heat dissipation is inconvenient when in use. The first transmission shaft 7 and the second transmission shaft 10 both pass through the protective shell 28 and both rotate with the protective shell 28.

[0051] like Figure 2 , Figure 7 , Fig.12 and Fig.13 As shown, a protective cover 29 is rotatably connected to the upper side of the protective shell 28, an airbag 30 is arranged on the inner side of the protective cover 29, and thermal expansion gas is injected into the airbag 30 to detect the temperature of the test reducer, the airbag 30 is fixedly connected and connected with an air guide pipe 31, a third fixed shell 32 is arranged on the test bench 1, the third fixed shell 32 is connected with the air guide pipe 31, a piston plate 33 is sealingly and slidably connected on one side of the third fixed shell 32 close to the air guide pipe 31, a sliding column 34 is slidably connected on one side of the third fixed shell 32 away from the air guide pipe 31, a spring is fixedly connected between the sliding column 34 and the piston plate 33, a second limiting hole is arranged on the lower side of the sliding column 34, and a contact piece is fixedly connected on the side of the sliding column 34 away from the piston plate 33 35, the contact member 35 is set to a metal conductive material, and an elastic telescopic rod 36 is set on the test bench 1. The telescopic end of the elastic telescopic rod 36 is limited and matched with the second limit hole of the sliding column 34. The fast sliding of the sliding column 34 is achieved through the limit of the elastic telescopic rod 36 and the cooperation between the sliding column 34 and the spring between the piston plate 33. A contact block 37 is set on the test bench 1. The contact block 37 is set to a metal conductive material. The contact block 37 is squeezed and matched with the contact member 35. Among the wires forming a loop of the motor 2, one of them is divided into two sections, one section is fixedly connected to the contact member 35, and the other section is fixedly connected to the contact block 37. The contact member 35 is controlled to squeeze the contact block 37 to achieve the connection of the motor wire loop.

[0052] When testing the reducer, the staff places the reducer to be tested in the protective shell 28 and fixes it. After completing the preparation work, the protective cover 29 is closed. At this time, the airbag 30 on the protective cover 29 is in a fit with the reducer to be tested. Then, the motor 2 is started to start testing the reducer, simulating the situation that the reducer is inside the protective device during use, so as to improve the authenticity of the test.

[0053] After the reducer has been running for a certain period of time, the temperature of its internal parts rises, causing the temperature of the entire reducer to rise. When the temperature of the reducer is too high, the thermal expansion gas in the airbag 30 expands due to the temperature of the reducer and enters the third fixed shell 32 through the air guide pipe 31. The gas entering the third fixed shell 32 pushes the piston plate 33 toward the direction close to the sliding column 34. Since the second limiting hole of the sliding column 34 is limited by the telescopic end of the elastic telescopic rod 36, the piston plate 33 does not push the sliding column 34 to move through the spring between it and the sliding column 34 when moving a short distance, but compresses the spring between the piston plate 33 and the sliding column 34, and then the piston plate 33 is pushed to move. 3 continues to move and squeeze the spring between it and the sliding column 34. When the elastic force accumulated by squeezing the spring is greater than the elastic force of the elastic telescopic rod 36, the thrust of the spring on the sliding column 34 is sufficient to make the second limit hole of the sliding column 34 disengage from the limit of the elastic telescopic rod 36. At this time, the elastic force of the spring is released and pushes the sliding column 34 to move away from the piston plate 33. The movement of the sliding column 34 drives the contact piece 35 to disengage from the contact with the contact block 37, thereby cutting off the power of the motor 2. At this time, the motor 2 stops rotating, so that the reducer stops running. By detecting the temperature of the reducer, the motor 2 is cut off when the temperature is too high, so as to avoid the parts inside the reducer from being aggravated by excessive temperature.

[0054] After the motor 2 stops rotating, the staff cuts off the power supply of the motor 2, replaces the reducer to be tested, and pushes the sliding column 34 to reset, so that the second limiting hole of the sliding column 34 is limited by the elastic telescopic rod 36 again. The sliding column 34 is reset by the spring between it and the piston plate 33 to push the piston plate 33 to reset, and the hot expansion gas in the third fixed shell 32 is pushed back into the airbag 30 through the piston plate 33. The temperature of the airbag 30 decreases after it is out of contact with the reducer, and the expanded hot expansion gas is restored. Then, the next test can be carried out after preparation.

[0055] The technical principles of the embodiments of the present invention are described above in conjunction with specific embodiments. These descriptions are only for explaining the principles of the embodiments of the present invention and cannot be interpreted in any way as limiting the protection scope of the embodiments of the present invention. Based on the explanations herein, those skilled in the art can think of other specific implementation methods of the embodiments of the present invention without creative work, and these methods will fall within the protection scope of the embodiments of the present invention.

Claims

1. A safety load test platform for a reducer, comprising a test bench (1), wherein the test bench (1) is provided with a motor (2), a support platform (3) and a bearing shell (4), wherein: The motor (2) further comprises a fixed disk (5), the fixed disk (5) being fixedly connected to the output shaft of the motor (2), the fixed disk (5) being fixedly connected to fixed columns (6) evenly distributed in the circumferential direction, the support platform (3) being rotatably connected to a first transmission shaft (7) via a support plate, the first transmission shaft (7) being fixedly connected to a fixed frame (8) on a side close to the motor (2), the fixed frame (8) being slidably connected to first sliding blocks (9) evenly distributed in the circumferential direction, elastic members being fixedly connected between the first sliding blocks (9) evenly distributed in the circumferential direction and the fixed frame (8), the first sliding blocks (9) being provided with an inclined The fixing column (6) is pressed and matched with the inclined surface of the first sliding block (9); the support platform (3) is rotatably connected to a second transmission shaft (10) through a support plate; the second transmission shaft (10) is located on a side of the first transmission shaft (7) away from the motor (2); the second transmission shaft (10) passes through the bearing shell (4) and is sealed and rotatably matched therewith; a portion of the second transmission shaft (10) located inside the bearing shell (4) is provided with circumferentially evenly distributed fixing plates (401); the circumferentially evenly distributed fixing plates (401) are each provided with a plurality of first flow holes; and hydraulic oil is stored in the bearing shell (4); A first sliding groove evenly distributed circumferentially is provided on one side of the first transmission shaft (7) close to the fixing frame (8), a T-shaped sliding block (11) is slidably connected in the first sliding groove evenly distributed circumferentially, and a tension spring is fixedly connected between the T-shaped sliding block (11) evenly distributed circumferentially and the first transmission shaft (7); One side of the T-shaped sliding block (11) evenly distributed in the circumference is provided with a first limiting hole, the first transmission shaft (7) is slidably connected with a sliding ring (12), the first transmission shaft (7) is provided with a second sliding groove evenly distributed in the circumference, the inner side of the sliding ring (12) is provided with a fixing pin evenly distributed in the circumference, the fixing pin is slidably matched with an adjacent second sliding groove, the first transmission shaft (7) is provided with a third sliding groove evenly distributed in the circumference, the fixing pins evenly distributed in the circumference are all fixedly connected with a pull rope, and the pull rope of the fixing pin is located in the Inside the first transmission shaft (7), there are limit columns (13) slidably connected in third sliding grooves evenly distributed in the circumference, the limit columns (13) are limitedly matched with the first limit holes of the adjacent T-shaped slider (11) to limit the sliding of the T-shaped slider (11), the limit columns (13) are fixedly connected to the adjacent pull ropes, and springs are fixedly connected between the limit columns (13) evenly distributed in the circumference and the first transmission shaft (7), and the springs are located in the adjacent third sliding groove on one side close to the sliding ring (12); The first sliding blocks (9) uniformly distributed in the circumferential direction and the T-shaped sliding blocks (11) uniformly distributed in the circumferential direction are staggered, and based on the axis of the first transmission shaft (7), the center angle corresponding to the adjacent edges between the first sliding block (9) and the adjacent T-shaped sliding blocks (11) is greater than the center angle corresponding to the fixed column (6), so as to reset the first sliding block (9).

2. A safety load test platform for a reducer according to claim 1, characterized in that: The elastic coefficient of the tension spring between the T-shaped slider (11) and the first transmission shaft (7) is smaller than the elastic coefficient of the spring between the limiting column (13) and the first transmission shaft (7), and is used to control the resetting of the T-shaped slider (11).

3. The safety load testing platform for a reducer according to claim 1, characterized in that: It also includes sliding plates (15) evenly distributed in the circumferential direction, the sliding plates (15) evenly distributed in the circumferential direction are respectively slidably connected to the adjacent fixed plates (401), a plurality of second flow holes are provided on the sliding plates (15), the second flow holes of the sliding plates (15) are communicated and matched with the adjacent first flow holes on the adjacent fixed plates (401), and the sliding plates (15) are sealed and matched with the first flow holes on the adjacent fixed plates (401) to change the flow volume of the adjacent first flow holes.

4. A safety load test platform for a reducer according to claim 3, characterized in that: The fixed frame (8) is fixedly connected to a T-shaped frame (16) evenly distributed in the circumferential direction; the side of the T-shaped frame (16) away from the adjacent first sliding block (9) is slidably connected to an L-shaped block (17); the side of the T-shaped frame (16) close to the adjacent first sliding block (9) is fixedly connected to a first fixed shell (18); the first fixed shell (18) is slidably connected to a piston rod (20); the piston rod (20) passes through the adjacent first fixed shell (18); the piston rod (20) is slidably connected to the adjacent first sliding block (9); The block (9) is pressed and fitted, the piston rod (20) is fixedly connected to the adjacent L-shaped block (17), the L-shaped block (17) is fixedly connected to a magnetic block (21) on a side away from the adjacent piston rod (20), the first transmission shaft (7) is rotatably connected to a rotating ring (22), the rotating ring (22) is fixedly connected to a fixing ring (23), the magnetic block (21) and the fixing ring (23) are magnetically matched, and the test bench (1) is provided with a gearbox (24) and a hydraulic cylinder (25), the gearbox (24 ) is connected with a transmission member between the input end of the second transmission shaft (10) and the rotating ring (22); the output end of the gearbox (24) is fixedly connected to the hydraulic rod of the hydraulic cylinder (25); a cavity is provided in the second transmission shaft (10); a second sliding block (26) is sealingly and slidably connected in the cavity of the second transmission shaft (10); a conical surface is provided on one side of the second sliding block (26); the sliding plates (15) uniformly distributed in the circumferential direction are all sealingly and slidably connected to the cavity of the second transmission shaft (10); the sliding plates (15) are close to the cavity of the second transmission shaft (10). A sloped surface that is pressed and matched with the conical surface of the second sliding block (26) is provided on one side near the second transmission shaft (10); an elastic member is fixedly connected between the sliding plate (15) and the adjacent fixed plate (401); the bearing shell (4) is fixedly connected to a second fixed shell (27); the second fixed shell (27) and the hydraulic cylinder (25) are fixedly connected and communicated with an oil guide pipe; the second fixed shell (27) and the second transmission shaft (10) are sealed and rotatably matched, and are communicated with the cavity of the second transmission shaft (10).

5. A safety load test platform for a reducer according to claim 4, characterized in that: The first fixed shells (18) uniformly distributed in the circumferential direction are all sealed and slidably connected with blocking plates (19), an elastic member is fixedly connected between the blocking plates (19) and the adjacent first fixed shells (18), the blocking plates (19) are fixedly connected to the adjacent piston rods (20), a first guide hole and a second guide hole are arranged on the blocking plate (19), a one-way valve is arranged in the first guide hole, and the flow rate of the one-way valve in the first guide hole is greater than the flow rate of the second guide hole, so as to control the moving speed of the piston rod (20).

6. A safety load test platform for a reducer according to claim 4, characterized in that: It also includes a protective shell (28), the protective shell (28) being arranged on the support platform (3), the protective shell (28) being located between the first transmission shaft (7) and the second transmission shaft (10), the first transmission shaft (7) and the second transmission shaft (10) both passing through the protective shell (28) and both being rotatably matched with the protective shell (28).

7. A safety load test platform for a reducer according to claim 6, characterized in that: The upper side of the protective shell (28) is rotatably connected to a protective cover (29), an air bag (30) is arranged on the inner side of the protective cover (29), the air bag (30) is filled with hot expansion gas, the air bag (30) is fixedly connected to and communicated with an air guide tube (31), a third fixed shell (32) is arranged on the test bench (1), the third fixed shell (32) is communicated with the air guide tube (31), a piston plate (33) is sealingly slidably connected to a side of the third fixed shell (32) close to the air guide tube (31), a sliding column (34) is slidably connected to a side of the third fixed shell (32) away from the air guide tube (31), and the sliding column (34) is slidably connected to the piston plate (33). A spring is fixedly connected between the sliding column (33), a second limiting hole is arranged on the peripheral side of the sliding column (34), a contact piece (35) is fixedly connected to the side of the sliding column (34) away from the piston plate (33), an elastic telescopic rod (36) is arranged on the test bench (1), the telescopic end of the elastic telescopic rod (36) is limitedly matched with the second limiting hole of the sliding column (34), a contact block (37) is arranged on the test bench (1), the contact block (37) is pressed and matched with the contact piece (35), and one of the wires forming a loop of the motor (2) is divided into two sections, one section is fixedly connected to the contact piece (35), and the other section is fixedly connected to the contact block (37).

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