Insulation positioning device, method and train

Abstract

The present invention discloses an insulation positioning device, method and train, which relate to the field of fault detection, including a positioning device provided on each single vehicle; a detection device provided on any single vehicle in the train, wherein the control end of the detection device is connected to each positioning device, the first end of the detection device is connected to the power supply line, and the detection device is used to ground its second end when receiving a control instruction. After the positioning device sends a control instruction to the detection device, a detection loop is formed from the load, the power supply line, the first end of the detection device, the second end of the detection device to the ground. If a ground fault occurs in the power supply line, a significantly increased current will appear. When the positioning device determines that the current of the detection loop is greater than a preset value, it indicates that a ground fault occurs in the power supply line on the single vehicle where the positioning device is located. Whether a ground fault occurs in the power supply line on each single vehicle is determined by each positioning device, and the fault is accurately located, which facilitates subsequent fault processing.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of fault detection, and in particular to an insulation positioning device, method and train. Background Art

[0002] During train operation, various factors may affect the insulation performance of the equipment, such as lightning strikes, cable insulation damage, metal objects falling from cables or components, load equipment failure, etc., which may lead to ground faults. Under normal circumstances, a single point of grounding does not affect the operation of the system. However, if the fault point is not found and repaired in time, when multiple insulation failures occur, leakage current will flow between the two points, interfering with the normal operation of the on-board equipment, and in severe cases, may cause major safety accidents. However, existing insulation monitoring does not yet support vehicle-level branch line fault location. It can only determine that a vehicle has a ground fault during operation but cannot determine the location of the ground fault. In addition, most insulation faults are active grounding, and the ground fault will often automatically reset during operation. There is no pattern to follow for subsequent recurrence, which brings great difficulties to the convenience and accuracy of inspection and maintenance. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The purpose of the present invention is to provide an insulation positioning device, method and train. The positioning device installed on each vehicle can determine whether a fault occurs in the DC main line or AC main line on the vehicle based on the current. When a ground fault occurs on the train, it can be determined that the fault occurs at a specific position on a certain vehicle on the train, which facilitates fault location and subsequent processing.

[0004] In order to solve the above technical problems, the present invention provides an insulation positioning device, comprising:

[0005] A positioning device is provided on each bicycle, and is connected to the load on the bicycle. The positioning device is used to send control instructions to the control terminal of the detection device and determine the current of the detection circuit. When the current is greater than a preset value, it is determined that the power supply line supplying power to the load has a ground fault on the bicycle.

[0006] The detection device is arranged on any single vehicle in the train, and the control end of the detection device is connected to each of the positioning devices. The first end of the detection device is connected to the power supply line for powering the load. The detection device is used to ground its second end when receiving the control instruction to form the detection loop from the load, the power supply line, the first end of the detection device, the second end of the detection device to the ground.

[0007] On the other hand, each bicycle also includes a mutual inductor;

[0008] The primary winding of the mutual inductor is arranged at the power supply end of the load, the power supply end of the load is connected to the power supply line, and the secondary winding of the mutual inductor is connected to the positioning device;

[0009] The mutual inductor is used to convert the current on the primary winding to the secondary winding according to a preset multiple, so that the positioning device can detect the current of the detection loop through the secondary winding.

[0010] On the other hand, when the power supply line is a DC main line, the detection device includes a first resistor and a second resistor;

[0011] The first end of the first resistor is connected to the positive electrode of the DC main line, and the first end of the second resistor is connected to the negative electrode of the DC main line;

[0012] When detecting a DC main line fault, the positioning device is specifically used to send a first control instruction to the detection device to ground the second end of the first resistor, stop sending the first control instruction after a first preset time and send a second control instruction to the detection device to ground the second end of the second resistor, and determine whether the positive and negative poles of the DC main line on the bicycle where the bicycle is located are faulty based on the differential current when the first control instruction is sent and when the second control instruction is sent.

[0013] On the other hand, determining whether a fault occurs at the positive and negative poles of the DC main line on the bicycle according to the differential current when the first control instruction is sent and when the second control instruction is sent includes:

[0014] If the differential current when the first control instruction is sent is greater than a first preset value, it is determined that a ground fault occurs at the negative pole of the DC main line on the bicycle;

[0015] If the differential current when the second control instruction is sent is greater than the first preset value, it is determined that a ground fault occurs at the positive pole of the DC main line on the bicycle.

[0016] On the other hand, the detection device further includes a first controllable switch and a second controllable switch;

[0017] A first end of the first controllable switch is connected to the second end of the first resistor, a first end of the second controllable switch is connected to the second end of the second resistor, the second end of the first controllable switch and the second end of the second controllable switch are both grounded, and a control end of the first controllable switch and a control end of the second controllable switch are communicatively connected to the positioning device;

[0018] Sending a first control instruction to the detection device to ground the second end of the first resistor, stopping sending the first control instruction after a first preset time and sending a second control instruction to the detection device to ground the second end of the second resistor, comprising:

[0019] The first control instruction is sent to the control end of the first controllable switch so that the first controllable switch is closed. After a first preset time, the first control instruction is stopped from being sent to the first controllable switch and the second control instruction is sent to the control end of the second controllable switch so that the second controllable switch is closed.

[0020] On the other hand, when the power supply line is an AC mains, the detection device includes a third resistor, a fourth resistor and a fifth resistor;

[0021] The first end of the third resistor is connected to the u phase of the AC main line, the first end of the fourth resistor is connected to the v phase of the AC main line, and the first end of the fifth resistor is connected to the w phase of the AC main line;

[0022] When detecting an AC mains fault, the positioning device is specifically used to send a third control instruction to the detection device so as to ground the second end of the fourth resistor and the second end of the fifth resistor, stop sending the third control instruction and send a fourth control instruction to the detection device after a first preset time, so as to ground the second end of the third resistor and the second end of the fifth resistor, stop sending the fourth control instruction and send the fifth control instruction to the detection device after a first preset time, so as to ground the second end of the third resistor and the second end of the fourth resistor, and determine whether there is a fault in the U phase, V phase and W phase of the AC mains on the bicycle based on the zero-sequence current when sending the third control instruction, sending the fourth control instruction and sending the fifth control instruction.

[0023] On the other hand, determining whether a fault occurs in the U phase, the V phase, and the W phase of the AC main line on the bicycle according to the zero-sequence current when the third control instruction is sent, the fourth control instruction is sent, and the fifth control instruction is sent includes:

[0024] If the zero-sequence current when the third control instruction is sent is greater than the second preset value, it is determined that a ground fault occurs in the u-phase of the AC main line on the bicycle where the bicycle is located;

[0025] If the zero-sequence current when the fourth control instruction is sent is greater than the second preset value, it is determined that a ground fault occurs in the V phase of the AC main line on the bicycle;

[0026] If the zero-sequence current when the fifth control instruction is sent is greater than the second preset value, it is determined that a ground fault occurs in the w-phase of the AC main line on the bicycle where the bicycle is located.

[0027] On the other hand, the detection device further includes a third controllable switch, a fourth controllable switch and a fifth controllable switch;

[0028] a first end of the third controllable switch connected to the second end of the third resistor, a first end of the fourth controllable switch connected to the second end of the fourth resistor, a first end of the fifth controllable switch connected to the second end of the fifth resistor, a second end of the third controllable switch, a second end of the fourth controllable switch, and a second end of the fifth controllable switch all being grounded, and a control end of the third controllable switch, a control end of the fourth controllable switch, and a control end of the fifth controllable switch all being communicatively connected to the positioning device;

[0029] Sending a third control instruction to the detection device to ground the second end of the fourth resistor and the second end of the fifth resistor, stopping sending the third control instruction after a first preset time and sending a fourth control instruction to the detection device to ground the second end of the third resistor and the second end of the fifth resistor, and stopping sending the fourth control instruction after the first preset time and sending the fifth control instruction to the detection device to ground the second end of the third resistor and the second end of the fourth resistor, including:

[0030] A third control instruction is sent to the control end of the fourth controllable switch and the control end of the fifth controllable switch to control the fourth controllable switch and the fifth controllable switch to close. After a first preset time, the sending of the third control instruction is stopped and a fourth control instruction is sent to the control end of the third controllable switch and the control end of the fifth controllable switch to close the third controllable switch and the fifth controllable switch. After the first preset time, the sending of the fourth control instruction is stopped and a fifth control instruction is sent to the control end of the third controllable switch and the control end of the fourth controllable switch to close the third controllable switch and the fourth controllable switch.

[0031] To solve the above technical problems, the present invention further provides an insulation positioning method, which is applied to the positioning device in the above insulation positioning device, comprising:

[0032] Determining whether insulation abnormality currently occurs in a power supply line, the power supply line being used to supply power to a load;

[0033] If an insulation abnormality occurs in the power supply line, a control instruction is sent to the detection device of the insulation positioning device;

[0034] After sending the control instruction, determining the current of a detection loop from the load, the power supply line, the first terminal of the detection device, the second terminal of the detection device to the ground;

[0035] When the current is greater than a preset value, it is determined that a ground fault occurs in the power supply line supplying power to the load on the bicycle.

[0036] On the other hand, when the power supply line is a DC main line, the detection device includes a first resistor and a second resistor, the first end of the first resistor is connected to the positive electrode of the DC main line, and the first end of the second resistor is connected to the negative electrode of the DC main line;

[0037] When a DC main insulation fault occurs, sending a control instruction to the detection device of the insulation positioning device includes:

[0038] sending a first control instruction to the detection device to ground the second end of the first resistor;

[0039] After a first preset time, stopping sending the first control instruction and sending a second control instruction to the detection device to ground the second end of the second resistor;

[0040] It is determined whether a fault occurs in the positive and negative poles of the DC main line on the bicycle according to the differential current when the first control instruction is sent and when the second control instruction is sent.

[0041] On the other hand, determining whether a fault occurs at the positive and negative poles of the DC main line on the bicycle according to the differential current when the first control instruction is sent and when the second control instruction is sent includes:

[0042] If the differential current when the first control instruction is sent is greater than a first preset value, it is determined that a ground fault occurs at the negative pole of the DC main line on the bicycle;

[0043] If the differential current when the second control instruction is sent is greater than the first preset value, it is determined that a ground fault occurs at the positive pole of the DC main line on the bicycle.

[0044] On the other hand, the detection device further includes a first controllable switch and a second controllable switch, wherein a first end of the first controllable switch is connected to the second end of the first resistor, a first end of the second controllable switch is connected to the second end of the second resistor, the second end of the first controllable switch and the second end of the second controllable switch are both grounded, and a control end of the first controllable switch and a control end of the second controllable switch are communicatively connected to the positioning device;

[0045] Sending a first control instruction to the detection device to ground the second end of the first resistor includes:

[0046] sending the first control instruction to a control terminal of the first controllable switch so that the first controllable switch is closed;

[0047] After a first preset time, stopping sending the first control instruction and sending a second control instruction to the detection device so as to ground the second end of the second resistor includes:

[0048] After a first preset time, the sending of the first control instruction to the first controllable switch is stopped and the second control instruction is sent to the control end of the second controllable switch so that the second controllable switch is closed.

[0049] On the other hand, when the power supply line is an AC main line, the detection device includes a third resistor, a fourth resistor, and a fifth resistor, a first end of the third resistor is connected to phase u of the AC main line, a first end of the fourth resistor is connected to phase v of the AC main line, and a first end of the fifth resistor is connected to phase w of the AC main line;

[0050] When an AC main insulation fault occurs, a control instruction is sent to the detection device of the insulation positioning device, including:

[0051] sending a third control instruction to the detection device to ground the second end of the fourth resistor and the second end of the fifth resistor;

[0052] After a first preset time, stopping sending the third control instruction and sending a fourth control instruction to the detection device so as to ground the second end of the third resistor and the second end of the fifth resistor;

[0053] After a first preset time, stopping sending the fourth control instruction and sending a fifth control instruction to the detection device so as to ground the second end of the third resistor and the second end of the fourth resistor;

[0054] It is determined whether a fault occurs in the U phase, the V phase and the W phase of the AC main line on the bicycle according to the zero-sequence current when the third control instruction is sent, the fourth control instruction is sent and the fifth control instruction is sent.

[0055] On the other hand, determining whether a fault occurs in the U phase, the V phase, and the W phase of the AC main line on the bicycle according to the zero-sequence current when the third control instruction is sent, the fourth control instruction is sent, and the fifth control instruction is sent includes:

[0056] When the zero-sequence current when the third control instruction is sent is greater than the second preset value, it is determined that a ground fault occurs on the u-phase of the AC main line on the bicycle where the bicycle is located;

[0057] When the zero-sequence current when the fourth control instruction is sent is greater than the second preset value, it is determined that a ground fault occurs on the V phase of the AC main line on the bicycle where the bicycle is located;

[0058] When the zero-sequence current when the fifth control instruction is sent is greater than the second preset value, it is determined that a ground fault occurs in the W phase of the AC main line on the bicycle where the bicycle is located.

[0059] On the other hand, the detection device further includes a third controllable switch, a fourth controllable switch, and a fifth controllable switch; a first end of the third controllable switch is connected to the second end of the third resistor, a first end of the fourth controllable switch is connected to the second end of the fourth resistor, a first end of the fifth controllable switch is connected to the second end of the fifth resistor, a second end of the third controllable switch, a second end of the fourth controllable switch, and a second end of the fifth controllable switch are all grounded, and a control end of the third controllable switch, a control end of the fourth controllable switch, and a control end of the fifth controllable switch are all communicatively connected to the positioning device;

[0060] Sending a third control instruction to the detection device to ground the second end of the fourth resistor and the second end of the fifth resistor includes:

[0061] sending a third control instruction to the control end of the fourth controllable switch and the control end of the fifth controllable switch, so as to control the fourth controllable switch and the fifth controllable switch to be closed;

[0062] After a first preset time, stopping sending the third control instruction and sending a fourth control instruction to the detection device so as to ground the second end of the third resistor and the second end of the fifth resistor, comprising:

[0063] After a first preset time, the third control instruction is stopped from being sent and a fourth control instruction is sent to the control end of the third controllable switch and the control end of the fifth controllable switch, so that the third controllable switch and the fifth controllable switch are closed;

[0064] After a first preset time, stopping sending the fourth control instruction and sending a fifth control instruction to the detection device so as to ground the second end of the third resistor and the second end of the fourth resistor include:

[0065] After a first preset time, the fourth control instruction is stopped from being sent and a fifth control instruction is sent to the control end of the third controllable switch and the control end of the fourth controllable switch, so that the third controllable switch and the fourth controllable switch are closed.

[0066] In order to solve the above technical problems, the present invention also provides a train, comprising the above insulation positioning device.

[0067] The present invention discloses an insulation positioning device, method and train, which relate to the field of fault detection, including a positioning device provided on each single vehicle; a detection device provided on any single vehicle in the train, wherein the control end of the detection device is connected to each positioning device, the first end of the detection device is connected to the power supply line, and the detection device is used to ground its second end when receiving a control instruction. After the positioning device sends a control instruction to the detection device, a detection loop is formed from the load, the power supply line, the first end of the detection device, the second end of the detection device to the ground. If a ground fault occurs in the power supply line, a significantly increased current will appear. When the positioning device determines that the current of the detection loop is greater than a preset value, it indicates that a ground fault occurs in the power supply line on the single vehicle where the positioning device is located. Whether a ground fault occurs in the power supply line on each single vehicle is determined by each positioning device, and the fault is accurately located, which facilitates subsequent fault processing. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0068] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention, the following briefly introduces the prior art and the drawings required for use in the embodiments. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying any creative work.

[0069] Figure 1 A schematic structural diagram of an insulation positioning device provided by the present invention;

[0070] Figure 2 A schematic diagram of the structure of a DC main fault detection method provided by the present invention;

[0071] Figure 3 A schematic diagram of a DC trunk fault provided by the present invention;

[0072] Figure 4 A schematic diagram of the structure of an AC mains fault detection method provided by the present invention;

[0073] Figure 5 A schematic diagram of a structure in which an AC main line fault occurs provided by the present invention;

[0074] Figure 6 The present invention provides a flowchart of an insulation positioning method. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0075] The core of the present invention is to provide an insulation positioning device, method and train. The positioning device installed on each vehicle can determine whether the DC main line or AC main line on the vehicle is faulty based on the current. When a grounding fault occurs on the train, it can be determined that the fault occurs at a specific position on a certain vehicle on the train, which facilitates fault location and subsequent processing.

[0076] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention more clear, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making creative efforts shall fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0077] Figure 1 This is a structural diagram of an insulation positioning device 1 provided by the present invention, the insulation positioning device 1 includes:

[0078] A positioning device 1 is provided on each bicycle. The positioning device 1 is connected to the load on the bicycle and is used to send control instructions to the control end of the detection device 2 and determine the current of the detection circuit. When the current is greater than a preset value, it is determined that the power supply line supplying power to the load has a ground fault on the bicycle.

[0079] A detection device 2 is provided on any single vehicle in the train, and the control end of the detection device 2 is connected to each positioning device 1, and the first end of the detection device 2 is connected to the power supply line for powering the load. The detection device 2 is used to ground its second end when receiving a control instruction to form a detection loop from the load, the power supply line, the first end of the detection device 2, the second end of the detection device 2 to the ground.

[0080] During train operation, various factors can affect the insulation performance of equipment, such as lightning strikes, cable insulation damage, metal objects falling from cables or components, and load equipment failure, leading to ground faults. Generally, a single point of grounding does not affect system operation. However, if the fault point is not promptly identified and repaired, multiple insulation failures may occur, causing leakage current to flow between two points, disrupting the normal operation of onboard equipment and, in severe cases, causing serious safety accidents.

[0081] Therefore, in order to ensure the safe and reliable operation of the system, its insulation condition must be monitored online. When a ground fault occurs at a certain point, an alarm signal can be immediately issued and the relevant fault branch can be prompted.

[0082] Currently, EMUs are equipped with AC and DC insulation monitoring systems, respectively, and have insulation monitoring capabilities for train-level power supply trunks. However, existing insulation monitoring does not yet support fault location on vehicle-level branches. When a vehicle returns to the depot for fault detection, troubleshooting must be performed in sections and using a step-by-step elimination method. Furthermore, insulation faults are often caused by live grounding, which often automatically resets during operation, with no pattern to subsequent recurrence. This significantly impacts the convenience and accuracy of inspection and maintenance. To address this customer pain point, a DC method is used to locate insulation faults on the power supply busbar. After a train-level insulation fault occurs, a positioning control strategy is activated to quickly locate the faulty vehicle or a branch of the vehicle.

[0083] In the present application, a positioning device 1 is provided on each train. The positioning device 1 can determine the current of the vehicle where it is located and determine whether a ground fault occurs through the current. Figure 1 Taking 8 bicycles as an example, when the detection device 2 is set on bicycle 1, the positioning devices 1 of bicycles 2 to 8 all communicate with the detection device 2 through the network switch, thereby controlling the detection device 2.

[0084] For example, when vehicle 2 detects whether a fault occurs, the positioning device 1 of vehicle 2 sends a control instruction to the detection device 2. The detection device 2 connects its first end to the trunk corresponding to the control instruction. The trunk includes a DC trunk and an AC trunk. The control instruction corresponds to the current needing to detect the DC trunk or the AC trunk. After the detection device 2 connects its first end to the corresponding trunk, the positioning device 1 detects the current passing through the load and determines whether a ground fault occurs based on the current.

[0085] Specifically, the DC mains are divided into DC 110V+ (BD main), DC 110V+ (BN1 main), DC 110V+ (BN2 main), and DC 110V- (BD / BN negative main). Any 110V+ and 110V- form a loop. The AC mains are divided into AC 380V (u-phase main), AC 380V (v-phase main), and AC 380V (w-phase main). The DC mains power the loads on the DC branches, while the AC mains power the loads on the AC branches. Each positioning device 1 is also connected to a monitoring host, which is an existing device in the vehicle and will not be described in detail in this application.

[0086] It should also be noted that the load includes a DC load or an AC load, and the load includes components such as air conditioning, lighting, traction, and inverter in the vehicle, and this application does not make too many restrictions here.

[0087] The present invention discloses an insulation positioning device, which relates to the field of fault detection, including a positioning device 1 provided on each single vehicle; a detection device 2 provided on any single vehicle in a train, wherein the control end of the detection device 2 is connected to each positioning device 1, the first end of the detection device 2 is connected to the power supply line, and the detection device 2 is used to ground its second end when receiving a control instruction. After the positioning device 1 sends a control instruction to the detection device 2, a detection loop is formed from the load, the power supply line, the first end of the detection device 2, the second end of the detection device 2 to the ground. If a ground fault occurs in the power supply line, a significantly increased current will appear. When the positioning device 1 determines that the current in the detection loop is greater than a preset value, it indicates that a ground fault occurs in the power supply line on the single vehicle where the positioning device 1 is located. Whether a ground fault occurs in the power supply line on each single vehicle is determined by each positioning device 1, and the fault is accurately located, which facilitates subsequent fault processing.

[0088] Based on the above embodiment:

[0089] In some embodiments, each bicycle further includes a mutual inductor;

[0090] The primary winding of the mutual inductor is arranged at the power supply end of the load, the power supply end of the load is connected to the power supply line, and the secondary winding of the mutual inductor is connected to the positioning device 1;

[0091] The mutual inductor converts the current on the primary winding to the secondary winding according to a preset multiple, so that the positioning device 1 can detect the current passing through the load through the secondary winding.

[0092] When detecting a DC fault, the current passing through the DC-powered load is detected by a current sensor. When detecting an AC fault, the current in the detection loop is detected by a zero-sequence mutual inductor.

[0093] Figure 2 A schematic diagram of the structure of a DC main fault detection method provided by the present invention;

[0094] Figure 3 A schematic diagram of a DC trunk fault provided by the present invention;

[0095] In some embodiments, when the power supply line is a DC main line, the detection device 2 includes a first resistor Rx and a second resistor Ry;

[0096] A first end of the first resistor Rx is connected to the positive electrode of the DC main line, and a first end of the second resistor Ry is connected to the negative electrode of the DC main line;

[0097] When detecting a DC main line fault, the positioning device 1 is specifically used to send a first control instruction to the detection device 2 so as to ground the second end of the first resistor Rx, stop sending the first control instruction after a first preset time and send a second control instruction to the detection device 2 so as to ground the second end of the second resistor Ry, and determine whether there is a fault in the positive and negative poles of the DC main line on the bicycle where it is located based on the differential current when the first control instruction is sent and when the second control instruction is sent.

[0098] In some embodiments, determining whether a fault occurs in the positive and negative poles of a DC main line on the bicycle based on a differential current between when the first control instruction is sent and when the second control instruction is sent includes:

[0099] When the differential current when the first control instruction is sent is greater than a first preset value, it is determined that a ground fault occurs on the negative pole of the DC main line on the bicycle;

[0100] When the differential current when the second control instruction is sent is greater than the first preset value, it is determined that a ground fault occurs on the positive pole of the DC main line on the bicycle.

[0101] When the charger detects a DC main insulation fault, the vehicle will send the fault information to the insulation positioning plug-in synchronously through communication, and the insulation positioning system will control the insulation monitoring resistor R x and R y The system switches on and off alternately at regular intervals (tentatively set at 2 seconds), and uses intelligent sensing terminals to measure the differential current of each vehicle's DC power supply branch. For vehicles with insulation faults, the branch differential current will increase significantly, enabling vehicle-level insulation fault location.

[0102] Assume that an insulation fault occurs in the DC110V+ branch of car 2, and the grounding resistance at that location is Re. The charger first detects the DC main insulation abnormality and then communicates it to the insulation positioning system, which controls the first resistor Rx and the second resistor Ry to be switched on alternately. Once the second resistor Ry is switched on, a leakage circuit is formed, and the leakage current flows as follows: Figure 3 As indicated by the arrow.

[0103] Then the differential current generated when the second resistor Ry is put into operation is different from that when the first resistor Rx is put into operation. The differential current generated when the second resistor Ry is put into operation increases significantly, so the corresponding DC110V+ main line has a ground fault in car 2.

[0104] In some embodiments, the detection device 2 further includes a first controllable switch K1 and a second controllable switch K2;

[0105] A first end of the first controllable switch K1 is connected to the second end of the first resistor Rx, a first end of the second controllable switch K2 is connected to the second end of the second resistor Ry, a second end of the first controllable switch K1 and a second end of the second controllable switch K2 are both grounded, and a control end of the first controllable switch K1 and a control end of the second controllable switch K2 are communicatively connected to the positioning device 1;

[0106] Sending a first control instruction to the detection device 2 to ground the second end of the first resistor Rx, stopping sending the first control instruction after a first preset time and sending a second control instruction to the detection device 2 to ground the second end of the second resistor Ry, including:

[0107] A first control instruction is sent to the control end of the first controllable switch K1 to close the first controllable switch K1. After a first preset time, the first control instruction is stopped and a second control instruction is sent to the control end of the second controllable switch K2 to close the second controllable switch K2.

[0108] Specifically, relays can be used as the first controllable switch K1 and the second controllable switch K2. When the relays are energized, they will close the switches, thereby switching the first resistor Rx or the second resistor Ry into the circuit to achieve differential circuit detection.

[0109] Furthermore, the leakage current collected by the insulation monitoring device at this time is I e , then the following relationship holds: (R e +R y )×I e =110, R x and R y The initial selection is 120Ω, 100W. According to previous project experience, when the grounding resistance Re=20KΩ at the leakage point, the insulation monitoring system will alarm. e =2KΩ when it reports insulation fault. According to the formula (R e +R y )×I e =110, the corresponding leakage currents for these two thresholds are 5.5mA and 51.9mA, respectively. Therefore, if the monitored leakage current exceeds 5.5mA, an insulation abnormality is identified. To account for fault interference, a filter time can be added. Specifically, only when the threshold is exceeded during the resistor switching period is the corresponding branch insulation abnormality identified. The specific resistor switching alternation time and leakage current judgment threshold will be finalized during vehicle installation and commissioning.

[0110] Figure 4 A schematic diagram of the structure of an AC mains fault detection method provided by the present invention;

[0111] Figure 5 A schematic diagram of a structure in which an AC main line fault occurs provided by the present invention;

[0112] In some embodiments, when the power supply line is an AC mains, the detection device 2 includes a third resistor Ru, a fourth resistor Rv, and a fifth resistor Rw;

[0113] A first end of the third resistor Ru is connected to the AC mains u, a first end of the fourth resistor Rv is connected to the AC mains v, and a first end of the fifth resistor Rw is connected to the AC mains w;

[0114] When detecting an AC mains fault, the positioning device 1 is specifically used to send a third control instruction to the detection device 2 so as to ground the second end of the fourth resistor Rv and the second end of the fifth resistor Rw. After a first preset time, the third control instruction is stopped from being sent and a fourth control instruction is sent to the detection device 2 so as to ground the second end of the third resistor Ru and the second end of the fifth resistor Rw. After a first preset time, the fourth control instruction is stopped from being sent and a fifth control instruction is sent to the detection device 2 so as to ground the second end of the third resistor Ru and the second end of the fourth resistor Rv. Whether a fault occurs in the u phase, v phase and w phase of the AC mains on the bicycle itself is determined based on the zero-sequence current when the third control instruction is sent, the fourth control instruction is sent and the fifth control instruction is sent.

[0115] In some embodiments, determining whether a fault occurs in the U-phase, V-phase, and W-phase of the AC main line on the bicycle according to the zero-sequence current when the third control instruction is sent, the fourth control instruction is sent, and the fifth control instruction is sent includes:

[0116] When the zero-sequence current when the third control instruction is sent is greater than the second preset value, it is determined that a ground fault occurs in the u-phase of the AC main line on the bicycle where the bicycle is located;

[0117] When the zero-sequence current when the fourth control instruction is sent is greater than the second preset value, it is determined that a ground fault occurs in the V phase of the AC main line on the bicycle where the bicycle is located;

[0118] When the zero-sequence current when the fifth control instruction is sent is greater than the second preset value, it is determined that a ground fault occurs in the w-phase of the AC main line on the bicycle where the bicycle is located.

[0119] When the auxiliary inverter detects an insulation fault in the AC mains, the vehicle transmits this information to the insulation location plug-in via communication. The insulation location system then switches the third, fourth, and fifth resistors Ru, Rv, and Rw alternately at regular intervals (tentatively set at 2s). The system also uses the intelligent sensor terminal to measure the zero-sequence current of each vehicle's AC power supply branch. Combined with the insulation resistor switching patterns, the zero-sequence current changes across vehicles are compared. Vehicles experiencing insulation faults will experience a significant increase in the zero-sequence current of their branches, enabling vehicle-level insulation fault location.

[0120] Assume that insulation fault occurs in the U-phase branch of car 2 (assuming the grounding resistance is R f At this time, the auxiliary inverter first detects the abnormal insulation of the AC mains, and then communicates to the insulation positioning system, which controls the third resistor Ru, the fourth resistor Rv and the fifth resistor Rw to be switched on alternately; once the fourth resistor Rv or the fifth resistor Rw is switched on, a leakage circuit is formed, and the leakage current flows as follows Figure 5 As indicated by the arrow.

[0121] In some embodiments, the detection device 2 further includes a third controllable switch K3, a fourth controllable switch K4, and a fifth controllable switch K5;

[0122] a first end of the third controllable switch K3 is connected to the second end of the third resistor Ru, a first end of the fourth controllable switch K4 is connected to the second end of the fourth resistor Rv, a first end of the fifth controllable switch K5 is connected to the second end of the fifth resistor Rw, a second end of the third controllable switch K3, a second end of the fourth controllable switch K4, and a second end of the fifth controllable switch K5 are all grounded, and a control end of the third controllable switch K3, a control end of the fourth controllable switch K4, and a control end of the fifth controllable switch K5 are all communicatively connected to the positioning device 1;

[0123] Sending a third control instruction to the detection device 2 so as to ground the second end of the fourth resistor Rv and the second end of the fifth resistor Rw, stopping sending the third control instruction after a first preset time and sending a fourth control instruction to the detection device 2 so as to ground the second end of the third resistor Ru and the second end of the fifth resistor Rw, and stopping sending the fourth control instruction after the first preset time and sending the fifth control instruction to the detection device 2 so as to ground the second end of the third resistor Ru and the second end of the fourth resistor Rv, including:

[0124] A third control instruction is sent to the control end of the fourth controllable switch K4 and the control end of the fifth controllable switch K5 to control the fourth controllable switch K4 and the fifth controllable switch K5 to close. After a first preset time, the sending of the third control instruction is stopped and a fourth control instruction is sent to the control end of the third controllable switch K3 and the control end of the fifth controllable switch K5 to close the third controllable switch K3 and the fifth controllable switch K5. After the first preset time, the sending of the fourth control instruction is stopped and a fifth control instruction is sent to the control end of the third controllable switch K3 and the control end of the fourth controllable switch K4 to close the third controllable switch K3 and the fourth controllable switch K4.

[0125] Specifically, relays can be used as the third controllable switch K3, the fourth controllable switch K4 and the fifth controllable switch K5. When the relays are energized, they will close the switches, thereby switching the third resistor Ru, the fourth resistor Rv or the fifth resistor Rw into the circuit to achieve differential circuit detection.

[0126] Furthermore, the leakage current collected by the insulation monitoring device at this time is I f , then the following relationship holds: (R f +R y )×I f =380, R u 、R v 、R w The initial selection is 1500Ω, 100W. Based on previous project experience, the grounding resistance R e =20KΩ, the insulation monitoring system will alarm, R e =2KΩ when it reports insulation fault, according to the formula (R f +R y )×I f =380, the corresponding leakage current RMS values ​​are 17.7mA and 109mA, respectively. Therefore, an insulation fault is identified when the RMS leakage current exceeds 17.7mA. To account for fault interference, a filter time can be added. Specifically, only when the threshold is exceeded during the resistor switching period is the corresponding branch insulation abnormality identified. The specific resistor switching alternation time and leakage current judgment threshold will be finalized during vehicle installation and commissioning.

[0127] Figure 6 A flowchart of an insulation positioning method provided by the present invention, wherein the insulation positioning method is applied to the positioning device in the above-mentioned insulation positioning device, comprising:

[0128] S11: Determine whether insulation abnormality of the power supply line currently occurs, and the power supply line is used to supply power to the load; if so, proceed to step S12;

[0129] S12: Sending a control instruction to the detection device of the insulation positioning device;

[0130] S13: After sending the control instruction, determine the current of the detection loop from the load, the power supply line, the first terminal of the detection device, the second terminal of the detection device to the ground;

[0131] S14: When the current is greater than a preset value, it is determined that a ground fault occurs in the power supply line for the load on the bicycle.

[0132] In some embodiments, when the power supply line is a DC main line, the detection device 2 includes a first resistor Rx and a second resistor Ry; a first end of the first resistor Rx is connected to the positive electrode of the DC main line, and a first end of the second resistor Ry is connected to the negative electrode of the DC main line;

[0133] When a DC main insulation fault occurs, a control instruction is sent to the detection device 2 of the insulation positioning device 1, including:

[0134] Sending a first control instruction to the detection device 2 to ground the second end of the first resistor Rx;

[0135] After the first preset time, the first control instruction is stopped and a second control instruction is sent to the detection device 2 to ground the second end of the second resistor Ry;

[0136] It is determined whether a fault occurs on the positive and negative poles of the DC main line on the bicycle according to the differential current when the first control instruction is sent and when the second control instruction is sent.

[0137] In some embodiments, determining whether a fault occurs in the positive and negative poles of a DC main line on the bicycle based on a differential current between when the first control instruction is sent and when the second control instruction is sent includes:

[0138] When the differential current when the first control instruction is sent is greater than a first preset value, it is determined that a ground fault occurs on the negative pole of the DC main line on the bicycle;

[0139] When the differential current when the second control instruction is sent is greater than the first preset value, it is determined that a ground fault occurs on the positive pole of the DC main line on the bicycle.

[0140] In some embodiments, the detection device 2 further includes a first controllable switch K1 and a second controllable switch K2; a first end of the first controllable switch K1 is connected to the second end of the first resistor Rx, a first end of the second controllable switch K2 is connected to the second end of the second resistor Ry, a second end of the first controllable switch K1 and a second end of the second controllable switch K2 are both grounded, and a control end of the first controllable switch K1 and a control end of the second controllable switch K2 are communicatively connected to the positioning device 1;

[0141] Sending a first control instruction to the detection device 2 to ground the second end of the first resistor Rx includes:

[0142] Sending a first control instruction to the control terminal of the first controllable switch K1 so that the first controllable switch K1 is closed;

[0143] After the first preset time, stopping sending the first control instruction and sending the second control instruction to the detection device 2 so as to ground the second end of the second resistor Ry includes:

[0144] After the first preset time, the first control instruction is stopped from being sent to the first controllable switch K1 and the second control instruction is sent to the control end of the second controllable switch K2 so that the second controllable switch K2 is closed.

[0145] In some embodiments, when the power supply line is an AC mains, the detection device 2 includes a third resistor Ru, a fourth resistor Rv, and a fifth resistor Rw; a first end of the third resistor Ru is connected to u of the AC mains, a first end of the fourth resistor Rv is connected to v of the AC mains, and a first end of the fifth resistor Rw is connected to w of the AC mains;

[0146] When an AC main insulation fault occurs, a control instruction is sent to the detection device 2 of the insulation positioning device 1, including:

[0147] Sending a third control instruction to the detection device 2 to ground the second end of the fourth resistor Rv and the second end of the fifth resistor Rw;

[0148] After the first preset time, the third control instruction is stopped and a fourth control instruction is sent to the detection device 2 to ground the second end of the third resistor Ru and the second end of the fifth resistor Rw;

[0149] After the first preset time, the fourth control instruction is stopped and a fifth control instruction is sent to the detection device 2 to ground the second end of the third resistor Ru and the second end of the fourth resistor Rv;

[0150] It is determined whether a fault occurs in the U phase, the V phase and the W phase of the AC main line on the bicycle according to the zero sequence current when the third control instruction is sent, the fourth control instruction is sent and the fifth control instruction is sent.

[0151] In some embodiments, determining whether a fault occurs in the U-phase, V-phase, and W-phase of the AC main line on the bicycle according to the zero-sequence current when the third control instruction is sent, the fourth control instruction is sent, and the fifth control instruction is sent includes:

[0152] When the zero-sequence current when the third control instruction is sent is greater than the second preset value, it is determined that a ground fault occurs in the u-phase of the AC main line on the bicycle where the bicycle is located;

[0153] When the zero-sequence current when the fourth control instruction is sent is greater than the second preset value, it is determined that a ground fault occurs in the V phase of the AC main line on the bicycle where the bicycle is located;

[0154] When the zero-sequence current when the fifth control instruction is sent is greater than the second preset value, it is determined that a ground fault occurs in the w-phase of the AC main line on the bicycle where the bicycle is located.

[0155] In some embodiments, the detection device 2 further includes a third controllable switch K3, a fourth controllable switch K4, and a fifth controllable switch K5; a first end of the third controllable switch K3 is connected to the second end of the third resistor Ru, a first end of the fourth controllable switch K4 is connected to the second end of the fourth resistor Rv, a first end of the fifth controllable switch K5 is connected to the second end of the fifth resistor Rw, a second end of the third controllable switch K3, a second end of the fourth controllable switch K4, and a second end of the fifth controllable switch K5 are all grounded, and a control end of the third controllable switch K3, a control end of the fourth controllable switch K4, and a control end of the fifth controllable switch K5 are all communicatively connected to the positioning device 1;

[0156] Sending a third control instruction to the detection device 2 to ground the second end of the fourth resistor Rv and the second end of the fifth resistor Rw includes:

[0157] Sending a third control instruction to the control end of the fourth controllable switch K4 and the control end of the fifth controllable switch K5 to control the fourth controllable switch K4 and the fifth controllable switch K5 to be closed;

[0158] After the first preset time, the third control instruction is stopped and a fourth control instruction is sent to the detection device 2 to ground the second end of the third resistor Ru and the second end of the fifth resistor Rw, including:

[0159] After the first preset time, the third control instruction is stopped and the fourth control instruction is sent to the control end of the third controllable switch K3 and the control end of the fifth controllable switch K5, so that the third controllable switch K3 and the fifth controllable switch K5 are closed;

[0160] After the first preset time, the fourth control instruction is stopped and a fifth control instruction is sent to the detection device 2 to ground the second end of the third resistor Ru and the second end of the fourth resistor Rv, including:

[0161] After the first preset time, the fourth control instruction is stopped and the fifth control instruction is sent to the control end of the third controllable switch K3 and the control end of the fourth controllable switch K4 so that the third controllable switch K3 and the fourth controllable switch K4 are closed.

[0162] For an introduction to the insulation positioning method provided in this application, please refer to the above embodiments and will not be repeated here.

[0163] The present application also provides a train, comprising the above-mentioned insulation positioning device.

[0164] For the introduction of the train provided in this application, please refer to the above embodiment and will not be repeated here.

[0165] It should also be noted that, in this specification, relational terms such as first and second, etc., are used only to distinguish one entity or operation from another entity or operation, and do not necessarily require or imply any such actual relationship or order between these entities or operations. Moreover, the terms "comprises," "comprising," or any other variants thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus comprising a series of elements includes not only those elements, but also other elements not explicitly listed, or elements inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus. In the absence of further limitations, an element defined by the phrase "comprising a ..." does not exclude the presence of additional identical elements in the process, method, article, or apparatus comprising the element.

[0166] Professionals may further appreciate that the units and algorithm steps of each example described in conjunction with the embodiments disclosed herein can be implemented in electronic hardware, computer software, or a combination of the two. In order to clearly illustrate the interchangeability of hardware and software, the above description has generally described the components and steps of each example according to their functions. Whether these functions are performed in hardware or software depends on the specific application and design constraints of the technical solution. Professionals and technicians may use different methods to implement the described functions for each specific application, but such implementation should not be considered beyond the scope of the present invention.

[0167] The above description of the disclosed embodiments is intended to enable one skilled in the art to implement or use the present invention. Various modifications to these embodiments will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art, and the general principles defined herein may be implemented in other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of the present invention. Therefore, the present invention is not limited to the embodiments shown herein but is intended to conform to the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein.

Claims

1. An insulation positioning device, characterized in that: include: A positioning device is provided on each bicycle, and is connected to the load on the bicycle. The positioning device is used to send control instructions to the control terminal of the detection device and determine the current of the detection circuit. When the current is greater than a preset value, it is determined that the power supply line supplying power to the load has a ground fault on the bicycle. The detection device is provided on any single car in the train, the control end of the detection device is connected to each of the positioning devices, the first end of the detection device is connected to the power supply line for powering the load, and the detection device is configured to ground its second end upon receiving the control instruction, so as to form the detection loop from the load, the power supply line, the first end of the detection device, the second end of the detection device to the ground; When the power supply line is a DC main line, the detection device includes a first resistor and a second resistor; The first end of the first resistor is connected to the positive electrode of the DC main line, and the first end of the second resistor is connected to the negative electrode of the DC main line; When detecting a DC main line fault, the positioning device is specifically configured to send a first control instruction to the detection device to ground the second end of the first resistor, stop sending the first control instruction after a first preset time, and send a second control instruction to the detection device to ground the second end of the second resistor, and determine whether a fault occurs in the positive and negative poles of the DC main line on the bicycle based on the differential current when the first control instruction is sent and when the second control instruction is sent; Determining whether a positive pole and a negative pole of the DC main line on the bicycle are faulty based on a differential current between when the first control instruction is sent and when the second control instruction is sent includes: If the differential current when the first control instruction is sent is greater than a first preset value, it is determined that a ground fault occurs at the negative pole of the DC main line on the bicycle; If the differential current when the second control instruction is sent is greater than the first preset value, it is determined that a ground fault occurs at the positive pole of the DC main line on the bicycle.

2. The insulation positioning device according to claim 1, characterized in that Each bicycle also includes a mutual inductor; The primary winding of the mutual inductor is arranged at the power supply end of the load, the power supply end of the load is connected to the power supply line, and the secondary winding of the mutual inductor is connected to the positioning device; The mutual inductor is used to convert the current on the primary winding to the secondary winding according to a preset multiple, so that the positioning device can detect the current of the detection loop through the secondary winding.

3. The insulation positioning device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The detection device further includes a first controllable switch and a second controllable switch; A first end of the first controllable switch is connected to the second end of the first resistor, a first end of the second controllable switch is connected to the second end of the second resistor, the second end of the first controllable switch and the second end of the second controllable switch are both grounded, and a control end of the first controllable switch and a control end of the second controllable switch are communicatively connected to the positioning device; Sending a first control instruction to the detection device to ground the second end of the first resistor, stopping sending the first control instruction after a first preset time and sending a second control instruction to the detection device to ground the second end of the second resistor, comprising: The first control instruction is sent to the control end of the first controllable switch so that the first controllable switch is closed. After a first preset time, the first control instruction is stopped from being sent to the first controllable switch and the second control instruction is sent to the control end of the second controllable switch so that the second controllable switch is closed.

4. The insulation positioning device according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: When the power supply line is an AC mains, the detection device includes a third resistor, a fourth resistor and a fifth resistor; The first end of the third resistor is connected to the u phase of the AC main line, the first end of the fourth resistor is connected to the v phase of the AC main line, and the first end of the fifth resistor is connected to the w phase of the AC main line; When detecting an AC mains fault, the positioning device is specifically used to send a third control instruction to the detection device so as to ground the second end of the fourth resistor and the second end of the fifth resistor, stop sending the third control instruction and send a fourth control instruction to the detection device after a first preset time, so as to ground the second end of the third resistor and the second end of the fifth resistor, stop sending the fourth control instruction and send the fifth control instruction to the detection device after a first preset time, so as to ground the second end of the third resistor and the second end of the fourth resistor, and determine whether there is a fault in the U phase, V phase and W phase of the AC mains on the bicycle based on the zero-sequence current when sending the third control instruction, sending the fourth control instruction and sending the fifth control instruction.

5. The insulation positioning device according to claim 4, characterized in that: Determining whether a fault occurs in the U phase, the V phase, and the W phase of the AC main line on the bicycle according to the zero-sequence current when the third control instruction is sent, the fourth control instruction is sent, and the fifth control instruction is sent, includes: If the zero-sequence current when the third control instruction is sent is greater than the second preset value, it is determined that a ground fault occurs in the u-phase of the AC main line on the bicycle where the bicycle is located; If the zero-sequence current when the fourth control instruction is sent is greater than the second preset value, it is determined that a ground fault occurs in the V phase of the AC main line on the bicycle; If the zero-sequence current when the fifth control instruction is sent is greater than the second preset value, it is determined that a ground fault occurs in the w-phase of the AC main line on the bicycle where the bicycle is located.

6. The insulation positioning device according to claim 4, characterized in that: The detection device further includes a third controllable switch, a fourth controllable switch and a fifth controllable switch; a first end of the third controllable switch connected to the second end of the third resistor, a first end of the fourth controllable switch connected to the second end of the fourth resistor, a first end of the fifth controllable switch connected to the second end of the fifth resistor, a second end of the third controllable switch, a second end of the fourth controllable switch, and a second end of the fifth controllable switch all being grounded, and a control end of the third controllable switch, a control end of the fourth controllable switch, and a control end of the fifth controllable switch all being communicatively connected to the positioning device; Sending a third control instruction to the detection device to ground the second end of the fourth resistor and the second end of the fifth resistor, stopping sending the third control instruction after a first preset time and sending a fourth control instruction to the detection device to ground the second end of the third resistor and the second end of the fifth resistor, and stopping sending the fourth control instruction after the first preset time and sending the fifth control instruction to the detection device to ground the second end of the third resistor and the second end of the fourth resistor, including: A third control instruction is sent to the control end of the fourth controllable switch and the control end of the fifth controllable switch to control the fourth controllable switch and the fifth controllable switch to close. After a first preset time, the sending of the third control instruction is stopped and a fourth control instruction is sent to the control end of the third controllable switch and the control end of the fifth controllable switch to close the third controllable switch and the fifth controllable switch. After the first preset time, the sending of the fourth control instruction is stopped and a fifth control instruction is sent to the control end of the third controllable switch and the control end of the fourth controllable switch to close the third controllable switch and the fourth controllable switch.

7. An insulation positioning method, characterized in that: A positioning device used in the insulating positioning device according to any one of claims 1 to 6, comprising: Determining whether insulation abnormality currently occurs in a power supply line, the power supply line being used to supply power to a load; If an insulation abnormality occurs in the power supply line, a control instruction is sent to the detection device of the insulation positioning device; After sending the control instruction, determining the current of a detection loop from the load, the power supply line, the first terminal of the detection device, the second terminal of the detection device to the ground; When the current is greater than a preset value, it is determined that a ground fault occurs in the power supply line supplying power to the load on the bicycle; When the power supply line is a DC main line, the detection device includes a first resistor and a second resistor, the first end of the first resistor is connected to the positive electrode of the DC main line, and the first end of the second resistor is connected to the negative electrode of the DC main line; When a DC main insulation fault occurs, sending a control instruction to the detection device of the insulation positioning device includes: sending a first control instruction to the detection device to ground the second end of the first resistor; After a first preset time, stopping sending the first control instruction and sending a second control instruction to the detection device to ground the second end of the second resistor; determining whether a fault occurs in the positive and negative poles of the DC main line on the bicycle according to a differential current between when the first control instruction is sent and when the second control instruction is sent; Determining whether a positive pole and a negative pole of the DC main line on the bicycle are faulty based on a differential current between when the first control instruction is sent and when the second control instruction is sent includes: If the differential current when the first control instruction is sent is greater than a first preset value, it is determined that a ground fault occurs at the negative pole of the DC main line on the bicycle; If the differential current when the second control instruction is sent is greater than the first preset value, it is determined that a ground fault occurs at the positive pole of the DC main line on the bicycle.

8. The insulation positioning method according to claim 7, characterized in that: The detection device further includes a first controllable switch and a second controllable switch, wherein a first end of the first controllable switch is connected to the second end of the first resistor, a first end of the second controllable switch is connected to the second end of the second resistor, the second end of the first controllable switch and the second end of the second controllable switch are both grounded, and a control end of the first controllable switch and a control end of the second controllable switch are communicatively connected to the positioning device; Sending a first control instruction to the detection device to ground the second end of the first resistor includes: sending the first control instruction to a control terminal of the first controllable switch so that the first controllable switch is closed; After a first preset time, stopping sending the first control instruction and sending a second control instruction to the detection device so as to ground the second end of the second resistor includes: After a first preset time, the sending of the first control instruction to the first controllable switch is stopped and the second control instruction is sent to the control end of the second controllable switch so that the second controllable switch is closed.

9. The insulation positioning method according to any one of claims 7 to 8, characterized in that: When the power supply line is an AC mains line, the detection device includes a third resistor, a fourth resistor, and a fifth resistor, a first end of the third resistor is connected to phase u of the AC mains line, a first end of the fourth resistor is connected to phase v of the AC mains line, and a first end of the fifth resistor is connected to phase w of the AC mains line; When an AC main insulation fault occurs, a control instruction is sent to the detection device of the insulation positioning device, including: sending a third control instruction to the detection device to ground the second end of the fourth resistor and the second end of the fifth resistor; After a first preset time, stopping sending the third control instruction and sending a fourth control instruction to the detection device so as to ground the second end of the third resistor and the second end of the fifth resistor; After a first preset time, stopping sending the fourth control instruction and sending a fifth control instruction to the detection device so as to ground the second end of the third resistor and the second end of the fourth resistor; It is determined whether a fault occurs in the U phase, the V phase and the W phase of the AC main line on the bicycle according to the zero-sequence current when the third control instruction is sent, the fourth control instruction is sent and the fifth control instruction is sent.

10. The insulation positioning method according to claim 9, wherein: Determining whether a fault occurs in the U phase, the V phase, and the W phase of the AC main line on the bicycle according to the zero-sequence current when the third control instruction is sent, the fourth control instruction is sent, and the fifth control instruction is sent, includes: When the zero-sequence current when the third control instruction is sent is greater than the second preset value, it is determined that a ground fault occurs in the u-phase of the AC main line on the bicycle where the bicycle is located; When the zero-sequence current when the fourth control instruction is sent is greater than the second preset value, it is determined that a ground fault occurs in the V phase of the AC main line on the bicycle where the bicycle is located; When the zero-sequence current when the fifth control instruction is sent is greater than the second preset value, it is determined that a ground fault occurs in the w-phase of the AC main line on the bicycle where the bicycle is located.

11. The insulation positioning method according to claim 9, wherein: The detection device further includes a third controllable switch, a fourth controllable switch, and a fifth controllable switch; a first end of the third controllable switch is connected to the second end of the third resistor, a first end of the fourth controllable switch is connected to the second end of the fourth resistor, a first end of the fifth controllable switch is connected to the second end of the fifth resistor, a second end of the third controllable switch, a second end of the fourth controllable switch, and a second end of the fifth controllable switch are all grounded, and a control end of the third controllable switch, a control end of the fourth controllable switch, and a control end of the fifth controllable switch are all communicatively connected to the positioning device; Sending a third control instruction to the detection device to ground the second end of the fourth resistor and the second end of the fifth resistor includes: sending a third control instruction to the control end of the fourth controllable switch and the control end of the fifth controllable switch, so as to control the fourth controllable switch and the fifth controllable switch to be closed; After a first preset time, stopping sending the third control instruction and sending a fourth control instruction to the detection device so as to ground the second end of the third resistor and the second end of the fifth resistor, comprising: After a first preset time, the third control instruction is stopped from being sent and a fourth control instruction is sent to the control end of the third controllable switch and the control end of the fifth controllable switch, so that the third controllable switch and the fifth controllable switch are closed; After a first preset time, stopping sending the fourth control instruction and sending a fifth control instruction to the detection device so as to ground the second end of the third resistor and the second end of the fourth resistor include: After a first preset time, the fourth control instruction is stopped from being sent and a fifth control instruction is sent to the control end of the third controllable switch and the control end of the fourth controllable switch, so that the third controllable switch and the fourth controllable switch are closed.

12. A train, characterized in that: The insulating positioning device comprises the insulating positioning device according to any one of claims 1 to 6.

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