Device and method for positioning and monitoring karst soil caves around high-voltage towers in karst development areas

Abstract

A device and method for locating and monitoring karst soil caves around high-voltage pole towers in karst-developed areas. The device comprises a carbon dioxide pressurized input device, a calcium hydroxide suspension pressurized input device, an injection pipe, a heat source sensing device, a control unit, and a carbon dioxide detection device. The injection pipe is vertically installed within the soil layer. The carbon dioxide pressurized input device and the calcium hydroxide suspension pressurized input device are distributed around the periphery of the pole tower, with their output ends both connected to the injection pipe. The heat source sensing device comprises a hollow concrete column, multiple temperature sensors, and a geological radar. The hollow concrete column is vertically connected within the soil layer. The multiple temperature sensors are vertically spaced apart on the outer surface of the hollow concrete column. The geological radar is located within the hollow concrete column. The carbon dioxide detection device is vertically spaced apart on the outer surface of the injection pipe and the outer surface of the hollow concrete column. This design is not only simple to implement, but also highly accurate and reliable.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of geotechnical engineering, and in particular to a device and method for positioning and monitoring karst soil caves around high-voltage pole towers in karst development areas. Background Art

[0002] Karst geology is a common geological type in my country. The karst soil caves created by this geological environment are highly susceptible to disasters such as soil collapse. With the rapid development of China's power industry, high-voltage power towers are inevitably located in these karst areas. The emergence and development of karst soil caves have a significant impact on the foundation stability of high-voltage power towers, potentially causing uneven settlement, tilting, and even collapse. Therefore, the precise search and monitoring of karst soil caves is an inevitable task.

[0003] However, the current technology for monitoring and locating karst soil caves is immature and incomplete. Common methods for locating karst soil caves include traditional geophysical exploration methods such as geological radar, cross-hole seismic CT, high-density electrical methods, and ultrasonic methods. While these methods can conduct simultaneous surveys of up to several kilometers, they are limited to linear exploration. A comprehensive survey requires the deployment of numerous parallel lines, which is challenging. Furthermore, due to the numerous restrictions imposed by surface vegetation and buildings, the detection results are less accurate, making it impossible to accurately assess the location and size of the caves. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of the present invention is to overcome the defects and problems of high implementation difficulty and low detection accuracy in the prior art, and to provide a positioning monitoring device and method for karst soil caves around high-voltage towers in karst development areas that are simple to implement and have high detection accuracy.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the technical solution of the present invention is: a positioning and monitoring device for karst soil caves around a high-voltage pole tower in a karst development area, comprising a carbon dioxide pressurized input device, a calcium hydroxide suspension pressurized input device, a perfusion pipe, a heat source sensing device, a control unit, and a carbon dioxide detection device, wherein the perfusion pipe is vertically installed in the soil layer, the carbon dioxide pressurized input device and the calcium hydroxide suspension pressurized input device are distributed on the periphery of the pole tower, and the output ends of the carbon dioxide pressurized input device and the calcium hydroxide suspension pressurized input device are both connected to the perfusion pipe, the heat source sensing device comprises a hollow concrete column, a plurality of temperature sensors, and a geological radar, the hollow concrete column is vertically connected in the soil layer, the plurality of temperature sensors are connected to the outer peripheral surface of the hollow concrete column at intervals along the vertical direction, the geological radar is located in the hollow concrete column, the carbon dioxide detection device is connected to the perfusion pipe and the outer peripheral surface of the hollow concrete column at intervals along the vertical direction, and the control unit is respectively connected to the carbon dioxide pressurized input device, the calcium hydroxide suspension pressurized input device, the carbon dioxide detection device, the plurality of temperature sensors, and the geological radar;

[0006] The temperature sensor is used to monitor the temperature of the soil layer in the same horizontal plane;

[0007] The control unit is used to control the carbon dioxide pressurized input device to inject carbon dioxide into the perfusion pipe; control the calcium hydroxide suspension pressurized input device to inject calcium hydroxide suspension into the perfusion pipe; determine the plane where the soil hole is located based on the temperature values ​​monitored by multiple temperature sensors; control the geological radar to move to the plane where the soil hole is located and control the geological radar to transmit radar signals in the horizontal direction to locate the position of the soil hole, and evaluate the size of the soil hole by the strength of the reflected radar signal.

[0008] The perfusion pipe includes an end cover, a liquid perfusion pipe, and a gas perfusion pipe. The gas perfusion pipe is coaxially connected to the outer peripheral surface of the liquid perfusion pipe. The end cover is connected to the upper end surfaces of the liquid perfusion pipe and the gas perfusion pipe. The output end of the carbon dioxide pressurized input device passes through the end cover and is connected to the gas perfusion pipe. The output end of the calcium hydroxide suspension pressurized input device passes through the end cover and is connected to the liquid perfusion pipe.

[0009] The carbon dioxide pressurizing input device includes a carbon dioxide storage bottle and two gas output pipes, one end of the two gas output pipes is respectively connected to two adjacent gas infusion pipes, and the other ends of the two gas output pipes are both connected to the carbon dioxide storage bottle. Both gas output pipes are connected to a first pressurizing valve, and the first pressurizing valve is connected to the control unit.

[0010] The calcium hydroxide suspension pressurized input device includes a calcium hydroxide suspension mixing device, a second pressurizing valve and a liquid output pipe. One end of the two liquid output pipes is respectively connected to two adjacent liquid perfusion pipes, and the other end of the two liquid output pipes is connected to the calcium hydroxide suspension mixing device. The two liquid output pipes are both connected to the second pressurizing valve, and the second pressurizing valve is connected to the control unit.

[0011] The calcium hydroxide suspension mixing device includes a storage box, a stirring shaft and a thermometer. A reaction tank for filling quicklime and water is provided in the storage box. An opening is provided on the upper end surface of the storage box, and the opening is connected to the reaction tank. The stirring shaft is connected to the reaction tank in a transverse rotation. A plurality of stirring rods are provided on the outer peripheral surface of the stirring shaft. One end of the thermometer passes through the upper end surface of the storage box and is located in the storage box.

[0012] The heat source sensing device also includes a pulley, a base, a wire rope, and a winch. The upper end of the hollow concrete column is open, the base is connected to the open end of the hollow concrete column, the pulley is rotatably connected to the base, one end of the wire rope is connected to the geological radar, and the other end of the wire rope is connected to the output end of the winch after passing around the pulley, and the control unit is connected to the winch.

[0013] The top of the hollow concrete column is located above the rock layer, and the length of the pouring pipe is half the length of the hollow concrete column.

[0014] There are two carbon dioxide pressurized input devices and two calcium hydroxide suspension pressurized input devices, and the two carbon dioxide pressurized input devices are respectively located on the front and rear sides of the tower, and the two calcium hydroxide suspension pressurized input devices are respectively located on the left and right sides of the tower. The perfusion pipe is located between the carbon dioxide pressurized input device and the calcium hydroxide suspension pressurized input device. The carbon dioxide pressurized input device, the calcium hydroxide suspension pressurized input device, and the perfusion pipe together form a ring structure.

[0015] A method for positioning and monitoring karst soil holes around high-voltage pole towers in karst development areas, the method being applied to a positioning and monitoring device for karst soil holes around high-voltage pole towers in karst development areas, the method comprising the following steps:

[0016] S1. The control unit controls the carbon dioxide pressurized input device to input carbon dioxide gas into the perfusion pipe. The carbon dioxide gas is input into the soil layer through the bottom of the perfusion pipe. At the same time, the carbon dioxide spreads throughout the soil holes through the cracks in the soil holes. When the carbon dioxide detection device outside the perfusion pipe and the heat source sensing device monitors that the carbon dioxide concentration reaches a set threshold and alarms, the control unit controls the carbon dioxide pressurized input device to stop inputting carbon dioxide. At the same time, multiple temperature sensors monitor the temperature of the soil layer after the carbon dioxide gas is input and record it as the initial temperature.

[0017] S2. The control unit controls the calcium hydroxide suspension pressurized input device to input the calcium hydroxide suspension into the perfusion pipe. The calcium hydroxide suspension flows into the soil hole through the cracks in the soil hole and reacts with carbon dioxide to generate calcium carbonate, which fills the cracks in the soil hole. Multiple temperature sensors monitor the temperature of the soil layer after the calcium hydroxide suspension is input in real time and record it as the current temperature.

[0018] S3. The control unit compares the current temperature value monitored by each temperature sensor with the initial temperature value. If the difference between the two exceeds the set threshold, the control unit determines that there is a soil hole on the horizontal plane where the temperature sensor is located. At this time, the geological radar is moved to the horizontal plane where the temperature sensor is located. The control unit controls the geological radar to transmit radar signals in the horizontal direction to locate the position of the soil hole, and evaluates the size of the soil hole by the strength of the reflected radar signal.

[0019] In step S3, when the control unit determines that there is a soil hole on the horizontal plane where the temperature sensor is located, the control unit controls the winch to work, and the winch lowers the wire rope to allow the geological radar to enter the inside of the hollow concrete column and move to the horizontal plane where the temperature sensor is located.

[0020] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0021] 1. The present invention discloses a device and method for monitoring karst soil caves around high-voltage pole towers in karst development areas. First, carbon dioxide is input into the soil cave through a carbon dioxide pressure input device. Then, a calcium hydroxide suspension is input into the soil cave through a calcium hydroxide suspension pressure input device to react with carbon dioxide, generating heat, thereby increasing the temperature of the soil cave. The temperature change is monitored by a temperature sensor, so that the horizontal plane of the soil cave can be determined based on the temperature change in the soil layer. At this time, the position and size of the soil cave can be specifically located by transmitting a signal through a geological radar. The device is easy to operate and has high accuracy. At the same time, the calcium carbonate produced by the reaction can fill the gaps in the soil cave. Compared with the prior art, the situation in which the gaps in the soil cave become larger during the detection process of the soil cave is avoided. At the same time, the heat generated by the reaction will quickly dissipate and will not affect subsequent monitoring. Therefore, the present invention is simple to implement, has high detection accuracy, and is highly reliable.

[0022] 2. The present invention provides a positioning and monitoring device and method for karst soil caves around high-voltage towers in karst development areas. A storage tank is provided in which quicklime and water are reacted to form a calcium hydroxide suspension. A stirring rod is provided in the storage tank to accelerate the reaction and continuously stir the mixture, thereby accelerating the dissipation of heat generated by the quicklime-water reaction and preventing precipitation of calcium hydroxide. A thermometer located on the storage tank can detect whether the temperature of the resulting calcium hydroxide suspension has cooled to room temperature, thereby preventing the detection effect from being affected by excessively high temperatures of the calcium hydroxide suspension. Therefore, the present invention is simple to implement and has high detection accuracy.

[0023] 3. In the device and method for locating and monitoring karst soil holes around high-voltage pole towers in karst development areas, the present invention monitors temperature changes via a temperature sensor on a heat source sensing device. For temperature sensors with large temperature changes before and after, it can be determined that a soil hole exists horizontally at the depth of the temperature sensor. A geological radar is then lowered to that depth through a hollow concrete column. The geological radar transmits radar signals horizontally to accurately locate the location of the soil hole, and the size of the soil hole is assessed by the strength of the reflected radar signal. The use of hollow concrete columns also eliminates the need to reinstall the heat source sensing device when subsequent monitoring is required, making it easy to use. Therefore, the present invention has high monitoring accuracy and is easy to use. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0024] Figure 1 It is a top view schematic diagram of the positioning and monitoring device for karst soil holes around high-voltage towers in karst development areas according to the present invention.

[0025] Figure 2 It is a cross-sectional schematic diagram of a positioning and monitoring device for karst soil holes around high-voltage towers in karst development areas according to the present invention.

[0026] Figure 3 It is a structural schematic diagram of the calcium hydroxide suspension mixing device in the present invention.

[0027] Figure 4 This is a structural block diagram of a positioning and monitoring device for karst soil caves around high-voltage towers in karst development areas according to the present invention.

[0028] In the figure: tower 1, soil hole 2, carbon dioxide pressurized input device 3, carbon dioxide storage bottle 31, first pressurized valve 32, gas output pipe 33, calcium hydroxide suspension pressurized input device 4, calcium hydroxide suspension mixing device 41, storage box 411, stirring shaft 412, thermometer 413, reaction tank 414, opening 415, stirring rod 416, second pressurized valve 42, liquid output pipe 43, perfusion pipe 5, end cover 51, liquid perfusion pipe 52, gas perfusion pipe 53, heat source sensing device 6, hollow concrete column 61, pulley 62, base 63, temperature sensor 64, wire rope 65, geological radar 66, winch 67, display 68, control unit 7, carbon dioxide detection device 8. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0029] The present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0030] Example 1:

[0031] See also Figures 1 to 4 A positioning and monitoring device for karst soil caves around high-voltage pole towers in karst development areas, comprising a carbon dioxide pressurized input device 3, a calcium hydroxide suspension pressurized input device 4, an injection pipe 5, a heat source sensing device 6, a control unit 7, and a carbon dioxide detection device 8. The injection pipe 5 is vertically installed in the soil layer, the carbon dioxide pressurized input device 3 and the calcium hydroxide suspension pressurized input device 4 are distributed on the periphery of the pole tower 1, and the output ends of the carbon dioxide pressurized input device 3 and the calcium hydroxide suspension pressurized input device 4 are both connected to the injection pipe 5. The heat source sensing device 6 includes a hollow concrete column 61, a plurality of a temperature sensor 64 and a geological radar 66, the hollow concrete column 61 is vertically connected to the soil layer, a plurality of the temperature sensors 64 are connected to the outer peripheral surface of the hollow concrete column 61 at intervals along the vertical direction, the geological radar 66 is located in the hollow concrete column 61, the carbon dioxide detection device 8 is connected to the perfusion pipe 5 and the outer peripheral surface of the hollow concrete column 61 at intervals along the vertical direction, and the control unit 7 is respectively connected to the carbon dioxide pressurized input device 3, the calcium hydroxide suspension pressurized input device 4, the carbon dioxide detection device 8, the plurality of temperature sensors 64, and the geological radar 66;

[0032] The temperature sensor 64 is used to monitor the temperature of the soil layer in the same horizontal plane;

[0033] The control unit 7 is used to control the carbon dioxide pressurized input device 3 to inject carbon dioxide into the perfusion pipe 5; control the calcium hydroxide suspension pressurized input device 4 to inject calcium hydroxide suspension into the perfusion pipe 5; determine the plane where the soil hole 2 is located based on the temperature values ​​monitored by multiple temperature sensors 64; control the geological radar 66 to move to the plane where the soil hole 2 is located and control the geological radar 66 to transmit radar signals in the horizontal direction to locate the position of the soil hole 2, and evaluate the size of the soil hole 2 by the strength of the reflected radar signal.

[0034] The perfusion pipe 5 includes an end cover 51, a liquid perfusion pipe 52, and a gas perfusion pipe 53. The gas perfusion pipe 53 is coaxially connected to the outer peripheral surface of the liquid perfusion pipe 52. The end cover 51 is connected to the upper end surfaces of the liquid perfusion pipe 52 and the gas perfusion pipe 53. The output end of the carbon dioxide pressurized input device 3 passes through the end cover 51 and is connected to the gas perfusion pipe 53. The output end of the calcium hydroxide suspension pressurized input device 4 passes through the end cover 51 and is connected to the liquid perfusion pipe 52.

[0035] There are two carbon dioxide pressurized input devices 3 and two calcium hydroxide suspension pressurized input devices 4. The two carbon dioxide pressurized input devices 3 are respectively located on the front and rear sides of the tower 1, and the two calcium hydroxide suspension pressurized input devices 4 are respectively located on the left and right sides of the tower 1. The perfusion pipe 5 is located between the carbon dioxide pressurized input device 3 and the calcium hydroxide suspension pressurized input device 4. The carbon dioxide pressurized input device 3, the calcium hydroxide suspension pressurized input device 4, and the perfusion pipe 5 together form a ring structure.

[0036] A method for positioning and monitoring karst soil holes around high-voltage pole towers in karst development areas, the method being applied to a positioning and monitoring device for karst soil holes around high-voltage pole towers in karst development areas, the method comprising the following steps:

[0037] S1, the control unit 7 controls the carbon dioxide pressurized input device 3 to input carbon dioxide gas into the perfusion pipe 5. The carbon dioxide gas is input into the soil layer through the bottom of the perfusion pipe 5. At the same time, the carbon dioxide passes through the soil cracks and spreads throughout the soil hole 2. When the carbon dioxide detection device 8 outside the perfusion pipe 5 and the heat source sensing device 6 detects that the carbon dioxide concentration reaches a set threshold and alarms, the control unit 7 controls the carbon dioxide pressurized input device 3 to stop inputting carbon dioxide. At the same time, multiple temperature sensors 64 monitor the temperature of the soil layer after the carbon dioxide gas is input and record it as the initial temperature;

[0038] S2, the control unit 7 controls the calcium hydroxide suspension pressurized input device 4 to input the calcium hydroxide suspension into the perfusion pipe 5, and the calcium hydroxide suspension flows into the soil hole 2 through the soil hole cracks and reacts with carbon dioxide to generate calcium carbonate, filling the soil hole cracks. The multiple temperature sensors 64 monitor the temperature of the soil layer after the calcium hydroxide suspension is input in real time and record it as the current temperature;

[0039] S3. The control unit 7 compares the current temperature value monitored by each temperature sensor 64 with the initial temperature value. If the difference between the two exceeds the set threshold, the control unit 7 determines that there is a soil hole 2 on the horizontal plane where the temperature sensor 64 is located. At this time, the geological radar 66 is moved to the horizontal plane where the temperature sensor 64 is located. The control unit 7 controls the geological radar 66 to transmit radar signals in the horizontal direction to locate the position of the soil hole 2, and evaluates the size of the soil hole 2 by the strength of the reflected radar signal.

[0040] In this embodiment, the grouting pipe 5 is arranged at a distance of 5-10m from the foot of the tower 1, and the distance between the heat source sensing device 6 and the grouting pipe 5 is 3-5m, which can locate and monitor the soil hole 2 that has a relatively large impact on the bearing capacity of the tower 1 in real time. When installing the heat source sensing device 6, the hollow concrete column 61 is vertically penetrated into the soil layer until the bottom of the hollow concrete column 61 reaches the rock layer below the soil layer and stops.

[0041] Example 2:

[0042] The basic content is the same as Example 1, except that:

[0043] See also Figure 2The carbon dioxide pressure input device 3 includes a carbon dioxide storage bottle 31 and two gas output pipes 33, one end of the two gas output pipes 33 is respectively connected to two adjacent gas perfusion pipes 53, the other end of the two gas output pipes 33 is connected to the carbon dioxide storage bottle 31, and the two gas output pipes 33 are both connected to the first pressurizing valve 32, which is connected to the control unit 7. The calcium hydroxide suspension pressure input device 4 includes a calcium hydroxide suspension mixing device 41, a second pressurizing valve 42 and a liquid output pipe 43, one end of the two liquid output pipes 43 is respectively connected to two adjacent liquid perfusion pipes 52, the other end of the two liquid output pipes 43 is connected to the calcium hydroxide suspension mixing device 41, and the two liquid output pipes 43 are both connected to the second pressurizing valve 42, which is connected to the control unit 7. The calcium hydroxide suspension mixing device 41 includes a storage box 411, a stirring shaft 412 and a thermometer 413. A reaction tank 414 for filling quicklime and water is provided in the storage box 411. An opening 415 is provided on the upper end surface of the storage box 411, and the opening 415 is connected to the reaction tank 414. The stirring shaft 412 is connected to the reaction tank 414 for horizontal rotation. A plurality of stirring rods 416 are provided on the outer peripheral surface of the stirring shaft 412. One end of the thermometer 413 passes through the upper end surface of the storage box 411 and is located in the storage box 411.

[0044] In this embodiment, the signal input end of the control unit 7 is connected to the output end of the carbon dioxide detection device 8, and the signal output end of the control unit 7 is connected to the first pressurizing valve 32 and the second pressurizing valve 42. The carbon dioxide detection device 8 is located on the perfusion pipe 5. When it detects a high concentration of carbon dioxide, it indicates that the soil hole 2 is already full of carbon dioxide. The first pressurizing valve 32 is closed to stop the input of carbon dioxide, and the second pressurizing valve 42 is opened to start the input of calcium hydroxide suspension.

[0045] Example 3:

[0046] The basic content is the same as Example 1, except that:

[0047] See also Figure 2The heat source sensing device 6 also includes a pulley 62, a base 63, a wire rope 65, and a hoist 67. The upper end of the hollow concrete column 61 is open, and the base 63 is connected to the open end of the hollow concrete column 61. The pulley 62 is rotatably connected to the base 63. One end of the wire rope 65 is connected to the geological radar 66, which is located within the hollow concrete column 61. The other end of the wire rope 65 passes around the pulley 62 and is connected to the output end of the hoist 67. The control unit 7 is connected to the hoist 67. The top of the hollow concrete column 61 is located above the rock formation, and the length of the grouting pipe 5 is half the length of the hollow concrete column 61.

[0048] In step S3, when the control unit 7 determines that there is a soil hole 2 on the horizontal plane where the temperature sensor 64 is located, the control unit 7 controls the winch 67 to work, and the winch 67 lowers the wire rope 65 to allow the geological radar 66 to enter the inner side of the hollow concrete column 61 along the pulley 62 and move to the horizontal plane where the temperature sensor 64 is located.

[0049] In this embodiment, the heat source sensing device 6 also includes a display 68, which is connected to the control unit 7. The control unit 7 processes the temperature value monitored by the temperature sensor 64, the carbon dioxide concentration value monitored by the carbon dioxide detection device 8, and the radar signal monitored by the geological radar 66 and sends them to the display 68. The various values ​​are displayed in real time through the display 68. A temperature sensor 64 and a carbon dioxide detection device 8 are provided every 0.5m in the vertical direction on the outside of the hollow concrete column 61. The upper end of the hollow concrete column 61 is located on the ground and connected to the display 68, and the lower end is sealed with concrete to prevent water from seeping into the hollow concrete column 61.

Claims

1. A positioning and monitoring device for karst soil caves around high-voltage towers in karst development areas, characterized by: The invention comprises a carbon dioxide pressurized input device (3), a calcium hydroxide suspension pressurized input device (4), an injection pipe (5), a heat source sensing device (6), a control unit (7), and a carbon dioxide detection device (8); the injection pipe (5) is vertically installed in the soil layer; the carbon dioxide pressurized input device (3) and the calcium hydroxide suspension pressurized input device (4) are distributed on the periphery of the tower (1); the output ends of the carbon dioxide pressurized input device (3) and the calcium hydroxide suspension pressurized input device (4) are both connected to the injection pipe (5); the heat source sensing device (6) comprises a hollow concrete column (61), a plurality of temperature sensors (64) and a geological radar (66), the hollow concrete column (61) is vertically connected to the soil layer, a plurality of the temperature sensors (64) are spaced apart along the vertical direction and connected to the outer peripheral surface of the hollow concrete column (61), the geological radar (66) is located in the hollow concrete column (61), the carbon dioxide detection device (8) is spaced apart along the vertical direction and connected to the perfusion pipe (5) and the outer peripheral surface of the hollow concrete column (61), and the control unit (7) is respectively connected to the carbon dioxide pressurized input device (3), the calcium hydroxide suspension pressurized input device (4), the carbon dioxide detection device (8), the plurality of temperature sensors (64), and the geological radar (66); The temperature sensor (64) is used to monitor the temperature of the soil layer in the same horizontal plane; The control unit (7) is used to control the carbon dioxide pressure input device (3) to inject carbon dioxide into the perfusion pipe (5); control the calcium hydroxide suspension pressure input device (4) to inject calcium hydroxide suspension into the perfusion pipe (5); determine the plane where the soil hole (2) is located based on the temperature values ​​monitored by multiple temperature sensors (64); control the geological radar (66) to move to the plane where the soil hole (2) is located and control the geological radar (66) to transmit radar signals in the horizontal direction to locate the position of the soil hole (2), and evaluate the size of the soil hole (2) by the strength of the reflected radar signal.

2. The device for positioning and monitoring karst soil caves around high-voltage towers in karst development areas according to claim 1, characterized in that: The perfusion pipe (5) comprises an end cap (51), a liquid perfusion pipe (52), and a gas perfusion pipe (53); the gas perfusion pipe (53) is coaxially connected to the outer peripheral surface of the liquid perfusion pipe (52); the end cap (51) is connected to the upper end surfaces of the liquid perfusion pipe (52) and the gas perfusion pipe (53); the output end of the carbon dioxide pressurizing input device (3) passes through the end cap (51) and is connected to the gas perfusion pipe (53); and the output end of the calcium hydroxide suspension pressurizing input device (4) passes through the end cap (51) and is connected to the liquid perfusion pipe (52).

3. The device for positioning and monitoring karst soil caves around high-voltage towers in karst development areas according to claim 2, characterized in that: The carbon dioxide pressurizing input device (3) comprises a carbon dioxide storage bottle (31) and two gas output pipes (33), one end of the two gas output pipes (33) is respectively connected to two adjacent gas perfusion pipes (53), and the other end of the two gas output pipes (33) is connected to the carbon dioxide storage bottle (31), and the two gas output pipes (33) are both connected to a first pressurizing valve (32), and the first pressurizing valve (32) is connected to the control unit (7).

4. The device for positioning and monitoring karst soil caves around high-voltage towers in karst development areas according to claim 2, characterized in that: The calcium hydroxide suspension pressurized input device (4) comprises a calcium hydroxide suspension mixing device (41), a second pressurizing valve (42) and a liquid output pipe (43). One end of the two liquid output pipes (43) is respectively connected to two adjacent liquid perfusion pipes (52), and the other end of the two liquid output pipes (43) is connected to the calcium hydroxide suspension mixing device (41). The two liquid output pipes (43) are both connected to the second pressurizing valve (42), and the second pressurizing valve (42) is connected to the control unit (7).

5. The device for positioning and monitoring karst soil caves around high-voltage towers in karst development areas according to claim 4, characterized in that: The calcium hydroxide suspension mixing device (41) comprises a storage box (411), a stirring shaft (412) and a thermometer (413). A reaction tank (414) for filling quicklime and water is provided in the storage box (411). An opening (415) is provided on the upper end surface of the storage box (411). The opening (415) is connected to the reaction tank (414). The stirring shaft (412) is connected to the reaction tank (414) in a transverse rotation manner. A plurality of stirring rods (416) are provided on the outer peripheral surface of the stirring shaft (412). One end of the thermometer (413) passes through the upper end surface of the storage box (411) and is located in the storage box (411).

6. The device for positioning and monitoring karst soil caves around high-voltage towers in karst development areas according to claim 1, characterized in that: The heat source sensing device (6) also includes a pulley (62), a base (63), a steel wire rope (65), and a winch (67). The upper end of the hollow concrete column (61) is open, the base (63) is connected to the open end of the hollow concrete column (61), the pulley (62) is rotatably connected to the base (63), one end of the steel wire rope (65) is connected to the geological radar (66), and the other end of the steel wire rope (65) is connected to the output end of the winch (67) after passing through the pulley (62), and the control unit (7) is connected to the winch (67).

7. The device for positioning and monitoring karst soil caves around high-voltage pole towers in karst development areas according to claim 6, characterized in that: The bottom of the hollow concrete column (61) is located above the rock layer, and the length of the pouring pipe (5) is half the length of the hollow concrete column (61).

8. The device for positioning and monitoring karst soil caves around high-voltage towers in karst development areas according to claim 1, characterized in that: The number of the carbon dioxide pressurized input device (3) and the calcium hydroxide suspension pressurized input device (4) is two, the two carbon dioxide pressurized input devices (3) are respectively located on the front and rear sides of the pole tower (1), and the two calcium hydroxide suspension pressurized input devices (4) are respectively located on the left and right sides of the pole tower (1). The perfusion pipe (5) is located between the carbon dioxide pressurized input device (3) and the calcium hydroxide suspension pressurized input device (4), and the carbon dioxide pressurized input device (3), the calcium hydroxide suspension pressurized input device (4), and the perfusion pipe (5) together form a ring structure.

9. A method for positioning and monitoring karst soil caves around high-voltage towers in karst development areas, characterized by: The positioning monitoring method is applied to the positioning monitoring device for karst soil caves around high-voltage towers in karst development areas as described in claim 1, and the positioning monitoring method comprises the following steps: S1, the control unit (7) controls the carbon dioxide pressurized input device (3) to input carbon dioxide gas into the perfusion pipe (5), and the carbon dioxide gas is input into the soil layer through the bottom of the perfusion pipe (5). At the same time, the carbon dioxide is distributed throughout the soil hole (2) through the cracks in the soil hole. When the carbon dioxide detection device (8) outside the perfusion pipe (5) and the heat source sensing device (6) monitors that the carbon dioxide concentration reaches a set threshold and alarms, the control unit (7) controls the carbon dioxide pressurized input device (3) to stop inputting carbon dioxide. At the same time, multiple temperature sensors (64) monitor the temperature of the soil layer after the carbon dioxide gas is input and record it as the initial temperature. S2, the control unit (7) controls the calcium hydroxide suspension pressure input device (4) to input the calcium hydroxide suspension into the perfusion pipe (5), the calcium hydroxide suspension flows into the soil hole (2) through the soil hole cracks, and reacts with carbon dioxide to generate calcium carbonate, filling the soil hole cracks. The multiple temperature sensors (64) monitor the temperature of the soil layer after the calcium hydroxide suspension is input in real time and record it as the current temperature; S3, the control unit (7) compares the current temperature value monitored by each temperature sensor (64) with the initial temperature value. If the difference between the two exceeds a set threshold, the control unit (7) determines that there is a soil hole (2) on the horizontal plane where the temperature sensor (64) is located. At this time, the geological radar (66) is moved to the horizontal plane where the temperature sensor (64) is located. The control unit (7) controls the geological radar (66) to transmit a radar signal in the horizontal direction to locate the position of the soil hole (2), and evaluates the size of the soil hole (2) by the strength of the reflected radar signal.

10. The method for positioning and monitoring karst soil caves around high-voltage towers in karst development areas according to claim 9, characterized in that: The heat source sensing device (6) further comprises a pulley (62), a base (63), a steel wire rope (65), and a hoist (67); the upper end of the hollow concrete column (61) is open, the base (63) is connected to the open end of the hollow concrete column (61), the pulley (62) is rotatably connected to the base (63), one end of the steel wire rope (65) is connected to the geological radar (66), and the other end of the steel wire rope (65) is connected to the output end of the hoist (67) after passing through the pulley (62), and the control unit (7) is connected to the hoist (67); In step S3, when the control unit (7) determines that there is a soil hole (2) on the horizontal plane where the temperature sensor (64) is located, the control unit (7) controls the hoist (67) to operate, and the hoist (67) lowers the wire rope (65) to allow the geological radar (66) to enter the inside of the hollow concrete column (61) and move to the horizontal plane where the temperature sensor (64) is located.

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