A lead-acid battery adaptive power control method and device

Abstract

The invention discloses a method and device for adaptive power control of a lead-acid battery, and relates to the technical field of battery power regulation. The method predicts the household power consumption in a future preset time period as a target power through historical data of household power consumption, and determines a first regulation strategy for the lead-acid battery group in the future preset time period in combination with the power of the current lead-acid battery group. Then, the second regulation strategy for the lead-acid battery group in the future preset time period is determined according to battery health status data and a usable time coefficient of the lead-acid battery group. Finally, the discharge power of the lead-acid battery group in the future preset time period is adjusted according to the current temperature of the acid battery group and external environment data, so as to avoid problems such as over-discharge and overheating frequently occurring in the battery during discharge, slow down the battery aging speed, reduce the impact on its service life, and at the same time enable the system to meet the load demand as much as possible to ensure sufficient and stable power supply.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of battery power regulation, and in particular to a method and device for adaptively regulating power of a lead-acid battery. Background Art

[0002] Lead-acid batteries are a common type of battery that uses lead and its oxides as electrode materials and dilute sulfuric acid as electrolyte, and stores and releases electrical energy through reversible chemical reactions. Lead-acid batteries have the advantages of low cost, mature technology, and simple maintenance, so they are widely used in various fields, especially in home photovoltaic energy storage systems. Since lead-acid batteries are relatively affordable and have mature technology, many families will choose to use lead-acid battery packs as storage batteries for home photovoltaic energy storage systems, and supply power to home loads when needed for home use;

[0003] In the process of household electricity use, different electricity consumption may be required in different time periods, so the discharge power of the lead-acid battery group in the corresponding household photovoltaic energy storage system may also be different. Therefore, it is necessary to adjust the discharge power of the lead-acid battery group. If the discharge power of the lead-acid battery group is increased blindly, it may cause the battery to frequently over-discharge and overheat during the discharge process, accelerate battery aging, and significantly shorten its service life. If the discharge power of the lead-acid battery group is reduced blindly, the system may be unable to meet the load demand, which may cause insufficient power supply. Summary of the invention

[0004] The purpose of the present invention is to solve the problem and to propose a lead-acid battery adaptive power control method and device.

[0005] In a first aspect of the present invention, a method for adaptive power control of a lead-acid battery is first proposed, the method comprising:

[0006] Predicting the household power consumption in a future preset time period as the target power based on the historical data of household power consumption, obtaining the power of the current lead-acid battery group, and determining a first adjustment strategy for the discharge power of the lead-acid battery group in the future preset time period based on the current power of the lead-acid battery group and the target power; the first adjustment strategy includes a power increase strategy, a power decrease strategy, and a power unchanged strategy;

[0007] When the first adjustment strategy is a power increase strategy, the battery health status data and the usable time coefficient of the lead-acid battery group are obtained, and a second adjustment strategy for the discharge power of the lead-acid battery group within a future preset time period is determined according to the battery health status data and the usable time coefficient; the second adjustment strategy includes a power increase strategy and a power unchanged strategy;

[0008] When the second adjustment strategy is a power increase strategy, the current temperature and external environment data of the lead-acid battery pack are obtained, and the power of the lead-acid battery pack within a future preset time period is adjusted according to the current temperature and external environment data of the lead-acid battery pack.

[0009] Optionally, the first adjustment strategy for determining the discharge power of the lead-acid battery group within a preset time period in the future according to the current power of the lead-acid battery group and the target power includes:

[0010] If the current power of the lead-acid battery group is greater than the target power, the first adjustment strategy of the lead-acid battery group is a power reduction strategy, and the lead-acid battery power is adjusted to the target power;

[0011] If the current power of the lead-acid battery group is equal to the target power, the first adjustment strategy of the lead-acid battery group is a power-keeping strategy, and the power of the lead-acid battery group remains at the current power;

[0012] If the current power of the lead-acid battery group is less than the target power, the first adjustment strategy of the lead-acid battery group is a power increase strategy.

[0013] Optionally, the battery health status data includes:

[0014] The battery health status data includes capacity attenuation coefficient, internal resistance amplification coefficient and battery average coefficient;

[0015] Get the current actual capacity of each battery in the lead-acid battery pack and the rated capacity of the battery to get the capacity attenuation coefficient. The calculation formula is: Where Sa is the capacity attenuation coefficient, D 实 l and D 额 are the current actual capacity of the lth battery and the rated capacity of the battery, respectively. l represents the number of batteries in the lead-acid battery pack, l∈[1,h], and h is a positive integer;

[0016] Get the current internal resistance of each battery in the lead-acid battery pack and get the internal resistance increase coefficient. The calculation formula is: Where Wd is the internal resistance amplification factor, R 实 l and R 额 are the current internal resistance of the lth battery and the rated internal resistance of the battery respectively;

[0017] Get the current voltage of each battery in the lead-acid battery pack and calculate the average voltage of the battery pack. The calculation formula is: In the formula, is the mean voltage, V 实 l is the current voltage of the lth battery, according to the voltage mean Get the standard deviation, and use the standard deviation as the average battery coefficient. The calculation formula is: Where Pg is the average battery coefficient.

[0018] Optionally, the available time coefficient includes:

[0019] Obtaining the average remaining power of the lead-acid battery group, and calculating the energy corresponding to the average remaining power as the usable energy;

[0020] Multiply the time length corresponding to the first preset time period in the future by the target power to obtain the required energy;

[0021] The usable time coefficient is obtained according to the required energy and the usable energy, and the calculation formula is: Tk = Yf-Sx / Cv, where Tk is the usable time coefficient; Yf is the usable energy, Sx is the required energy, and Cv is the time length corresponding to the first preset time period;

[0022] Determining the second adjustment strategy according to the battery health status data and the usable time coefficient includes:

[0023] The battery health status data includes a capacity attenuation coefficient, an internal resistance increase coefficient, and a battery average coefficient. The state coefficient is obtained according to the capacity attenuation coefficient, the internal resistance increase coefficient, the battery average coefficient, and the usable time coefficient. The calculation formula is:

[0024]

[0025] Wherein, Lgt is the state coefficient, a1, a2, a3, a4 represent the capacity attenuation coefficient, internal resistance increase coefficient, battery average coefficient and usable time coefficient respectively, a1, a2, a3, a4 are the proportional coefficients of capacity attenuation coefficient, internal resistance increase coefficient, battery average coefficient and usable time coefficient respectively, and a1, a2, a3, a4 are all greater than 0;

[0026] The state coefficient is compared with a preset state coefficient threshold, and if the state coefficient is not less than the preset state coefficient threshold, the second adjustment strategy is a power unchanged strategy;

[0027] If the state coefficient is less than the preset state coefficient threshold, the second adjustment strategy is a power increase strategy.

[0028] Optionally, adjusting the power of the lead-acid battery pack according to the current temperature of the lead-acid battery pack and external environment data includes:

[0029] Obtain the current temperature of the lead-acid battery pack and the external ambient temperature, and subtract the current temperature from the external ambient temperature to obtain the temperature difference;

[0030] Obtain the absolute difference between the current power and the target power of the lead-acid battery pack, and multiply the absolute difference by the temperature difference to obtain the temperature index;

[0031] The temperature index is compared with a preset temperature index threshold, and if the temperature index is less than the preset temperature index threshold, the current power of the lead-acid battery group is adjusted to the target power;

[0032] If the temperature index is not less than the preset temperature index threshold, the lead-acid battery pack still maintains the current power.

[0033] In a second aspect of the present invention, a lead-acid battery adaptive power control device is provided, the device comprising:

[0034] The first adjustment module: predicts the household power consumption in a future preset time period as the target power based on the historical data of household power consumption, obtains the power of the current lead-acid battery group, and determines the first adjustment strategy of the discharge power of the lead-acid battery group in the future preset time period based on the current power of the lead-acid battery group and the target power; the first adjustment strategy includes a power increase strategy, a power decrease strategy and a power unchanged strategy;

[0035] The second adjustment module: when the first adjustment strategy is the power increase strategy, obtain the battery health status data and the usable time coefficient of the lead-acid battery group, and determine the second adjustment strategy of the discharge power of the lead-acid battery group within a future preset time period according to the battery health status data and the usable time coefficient; the second adjustment strategy includes the power increase strategy and the power unchanged strategy;

[0036] Final adjustment module: When the second adjustment strategy is the power increase strategy, the current temperature and external environment data of the lead-acid battery group are obtained, and the power of the lead-acid battery group within a future preset time period is adjusted according to the current temperature and external environment data of the lead-acid battery group.

[0037] Optionally, the first adjustment module is used to:

[0038] If the current power of the lead-acid battery group is greater than the target power, the first adjustment strategy of the lead-acid battery group is a power reduction strategy, and the lead-acid battery power is adjusted to the target power;

[0039] If the current power of the lead-acid battery group is equal to the target power, the first adjustment strategy of the lead-acid battery group is a power-keeping strategy, and the power of the lead-acid battery group remains at the current power;

[0040] If the current power of the lead-acid battery group is less than the target power, the first adjustment strategy of the lead-acid battery group is a power increase strategy.

[0041] Optionally, the second adjustment module includes:

[0042] Capacity decay module: obtain the current actual capacity of each battery in the lead-acid battery pack and the rated capacity of the battery, and obtain the capacity decay coefficient. The calculation formula is: Where Sa is the capacity attenuation coefficient, D 实 l and D 额 are the current actual capacity of the lth battery and the rated capacity of the battery, respectively. l represents the number of batteries in the lead-acid battery pack, l∈[1,h], and h is a positive integer;

[0043] Internal resistance amplification module: obtain the current internal resistance of each battery in the lead-acid battery pack and obtain the internal resistance amplification coefficient. The calculation formula is: Where Wd is the internal resistance amplification factor, R 实 l and R 额 are the current internal resistance of the lth battery and the rated internal resistance of the battery respectively;

[0044] Battery average module: obtains the current voltage of each battery in the lead-acid battery group and calculates the average voltage of the battery group. The calculation formula is: In the formula, is the mean voltage, V 实 l is the current voltage of the lth battery, according to the voltage mean Get the standard deviation, and use the standard deviation as the average battery coefficient. The calculation formula is: Where Pg is the average battery coefficient.

[0045] Optionally, the second adjustment module further includes:

[0046] Energy acquisition module: obtains the average remaining power of the lead-acid battery group and calculates the energy corresponding to the average remaining power as the usable energy; multiplies the time length corresponding to the first preset time period in the future by the target power to obtain the required energy;

[0047] Available time module: The available time coefficient is obtained according to the required energy and the available energy. The calculation formula is: Tk = Yf-Sx / Cv, where Tk is the available time coefficient; Yf is the available energy, Sx is the required energy, and Cv is the time length corresponding to the first preset time period;

[0048] Status module: The battery health status data includes the capacity attenuation coefficient, the internal resistance increase coefficient and the battery average coefficient. The status coefficient is obtained according to the capacity attenuation coefficient, the internal resistance increase coefficient, the battery average coefficient and the usable time coefficient. The calculation formula is:

[0049]

[0050] Wherein, Lgt is the state coefficient, a1, a2, a3, a4 represent the capacity attenuation coefficient, internal resistance increase coefficient, battery average coefficient and usable time coefficient respectively, a1, a2, a3, a4 are the proportional coefficients of capacity attenuation coefficient, internal resistance increase coefficient, battery average coefficient and usable time coefficient respectively, and a1, a2, a3, a4 are all greater than 0;

[0051] The first comparison module compares the state coefficient with a preset state coefficient threshold. If the state coefficient is not less than the preset state coefficient threshold, the second adjustment strategy is a power unchanged strategy.

[0052] Second comparison module: If the state coefficient is less than the preset state coefficient threshold, the second adjustment strategy is a power increase strategy.

[0053] Optionally, the final adjustment module includes:

[0054] Temperature difference module: obtain the current temperature of the lead-acid battery pack and the external ambient temperature, subtract the current temperature from the external ambient temperature to get the temperature difference;

[0055] Temperature index module: obtains the absolute difference between the current power and the target power of the lead-acid battery pack, and multiplies the absolute difference by the temperature difference to obtain the temperature index;

[0056] Power increase module: compares the temperature index with the preset temperature index threshold. If the temperature index is less than the preset temperature index threshold, the current power of the lead-acid battery group is adjusted to the target power.

[0057] Power unchanged module: If the temperature index is not less than the preset temperature index threshold, the lead-acid battery pack still maintains the current power.

[0058] Beneficial effects of the present invention:

[0059] The present invention proposes an adaptive power control method for lead-acid batteries, which predicts the household power consumption in a preset time period in the future as the target power through historical data of household power consumption, and determines a first adjustment strategy in combination with the power of the current lead-acid battery group, and then determines a second adjustment strategy according to the battery health status data and the usable time coefficient of the lead-acid battery group, and finally adjusts the discharge power of the lead-acid battery group according to the current temperature of the acid battery group and the external environment data, so as to avoid problems such as over-discharge and overheating of the battery during the discharge process, slow down the aging speed of the battery, reduce the impact on its service life, and at the same time enable the system to meet the load demand as much as possible to ensure sufficient and stable power supply. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0060] The present invention will be further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

[0061] Figure 1A flow chart of a lead-acid battery adaptive power control method provided by the present invention;

[0062] Figure 2 A framework diagram of a lead-acid battery adaptive power control device provided by the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0063] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0064] Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in the field without making any creative work shall fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0065] The embodiment of the present invention provides a method for adaptive power control of a lead-acid battery. Figure 1 , Figure 1 A flow chart of a lead-acid battery adaptive power control method provided by an embodiment of the present invention. The method comprises the following steps:

[0066] Predicting the household power consumption in a future preset time period as the target power based on the historical data of household power consumption, obtaining the power of the current lead-acid battery group, and determining a first adjustment strategy for the discharge power of the lead-acid battery group in the future preset time period based on the current power of the lead-acid battery group and the target power; the first adjustment strategy includes a power increase strategy, a power decrease strategy, and a power unchanged strategy;

[0067] When the first adjustment strategy is a power increase strategy, the battery health status data and the usable time coefficient of the lead-acid battery group are obtained, and a second adjustment strategy for the discharge power of the lead-acid battery group within a future preset time period is determined according to the battery health status data and the usable time coefficient; the second adjustment strategy includes a power increase strategy and a power unchanged strategy;

[0068] When the second adjustment strategy is a power increase strategy, the current temperature and external environment data of the lead-acid battery pack are obtained, and the power of the lead-acid battery pack within a future preset time period is adjusted according to the current temperature and external environment data of the lead-acid battery pack.

[0069] It should be noted that the preset time period is set by professionals based on actual circumstances and is not specifically limited.

[0070] Based on an adaptive power control method for a lead-acid battery group provided in an embodiment of the present invention, the discharge power of the lead-acid battery group is adaptively adjusted in the above manner to avoid problems such as frequent over-discharge and overheating of the battery during the discharge process, slow down the aging of the battery, and reduce the impact on its service life. At the same time, the system can meet the load requirements as much as possible to ensure sufficient and stable power supply.

[0071] In one embodiment, the first adjustment strategy for determining the discharge power of the lead-acid battery group within a preset time period in the future according to the current power of the lead-acid battery group and the target power includes:

[0072] If the current power of the lead-acid battery group is greater than the target power, the first adjustment strategy of the lead-acid battery group is a power reduction strategy, and the lead-acid battery power is adjusted to the target power;

[0073] If the current power of the lead-acid battery group is equal to the target power, the first adjustment strategy of the lead-acid battery group is a power-keeping strategy, and the power of the lead-acid battery group remains at the current power;

[0074] If the current power of the lead-acid battery group is less than the target power, the first adjustment strategy of the lead-acid battery group is a power increase strategy.

[0075] It should be noted that the target power is the lead-acid battery power of the household predicted within a preset time in the future based on the household's historical electricity consumption data; for example, assuming that the current time is 13:00, the first preset time period is 13:00-17:00, and after determining whether the day is a weekday, assuming that the day is a weekday, obtain the electricity consumption from 13:00 to 17:00 on weekdays in the historical data of the past half month (or one month), and perform an average calculation, which can be used to predict the household's target power within the preset time period in the future, or other methods can be used, depending on the actual situation and without limitation.

[0076] In one implementation, through the above method, by analyzing historical power consumption data and predicting future power consumption, it is possible to more accurately identify future power demand in advance and ensure that the power regulation of the lead-acid battery pack matches the actual power demand.

[0077] In one embodiment, the battery health status data includes:

[0078] Battery health status data includes capacity attenuation coefficient, internal resistance increase coefficient and battery average coefficient;

[0079] Get the current actual capacity of each battery in the lead-acid battery pack and the rated capacity of the battery to get the capacity attenuation coefficient. The calculation formula is: Where Sa is the capacity attenuation coefficient, D 实 land D 额 are the current actual capacity of the lth battery and the rated capacity of the battery, respectively. l represents the number of batteries in the lead-acid battery pack, l∈[1,h], and h is a positive integer;

[0080] Get the current internal resistance of each battery in the lead-acid battery pack and get the internal resistance increase coefficient. The calculation formula is: Where Wd is the internal resistance amplification factor, R 实 l and R 额 are the current internal resistance of the lth battery and the rated internal resistance of the battery respectively;

[0081] Get the current voltage of each battery in the lead-acid battery pack and calculate the average voltage of the battery pack. The calculation formula is: In the formula, is the mean voltage, V 实 l is the current voltage of the lth battery, according to the voltage mean Get the standard deviation, and use the standard deviation as the average battery coefficient. The calculation formula is: Where Pg is the average battery coefficient.

[0082] It should be noted that the current actual capacity, internal resistance and voltage of each battery in the lead-acid battery group can be directly obtained through the monitoring system of the lead-acid battery group in the household photovoltaic energy storage system, or other methods, which will not be elaborated in detail; the rated capacity and rated internal resistance can be directly obtained through the factory setting manual of the battery.

[0083] It should be noted that the larger the capacity attenuation coefficient, the larger the internal resistance amplification coefficient and the larger the battery average coefficient, the worse the battery condition of the lead-acid battery pack. In the process of household electricity use, the lead-acid battery pack in the household photovoltaic energy storage system should not be adjusted to increase the discharge power at will, otherwise it may cause the battery to frequently over-discharge and overheat during the discharge process, accelerate battery aging, and significantly shorten its service life. The reasons are:

[0084] The larger the capacity attenuation coefficient, the more the actual available capacity of the battery decreases relative to the rated capacity. This means that the energy that the battery can provide during discharge is reduced, making it easier for the battery to reach its discharge limit. If the discharge power is increased arbitrarily in this case, the remaining capacity of the battery may not be enough to support high power output, causing the battery voltage to drop rapidly and resulting in the risk of over-discharge.

[0085] The larger the internal resistance amplification factor, the greater the internal resistance of the battery. This will cause the voltage drop inside the battery to increase and the heat to increase at the same discharge current. Too high internal resistance will not only reduce the energy efficiency of the battery, but also cause the battery to generate too much heat during high-power discharge, causing overheating problems. This will not only affect the life of the battery, but may also cause safety hazards.

[0086] The larger the battery average coefficient (voltage standard deviation), the greater the difference in voltage between the batteries in the battery pack, and the higher the degree of imbalance between the batteries. In a battery pack, batteries with different voltages will show different load capacities during discharge. Batteries with lower voltages are more likely to be over-discharged, and batteries with higher voltages are more likely to be over-charged. Such an unbalanced state will accelerate the aging process of the battery, and during high-power discharge, it is more likely to cause problems such as overheating and over-discharge of single batteries.

[0087] Therefore, in a household photovoltaic energy storage system, if the capacity attenuation coefficient, internal resistance amplification coefficient and battery average coefficient of the lead-acid battery pack are large, it indicates that the overall health of the battery pack is poor, and the discharge power should not be increased casually.

[0088] In one implementation, the above method can more accurately obtain the capacity attenuation coefficient, internal resistance amplification coefficient and battery average coefficient, which can better indicate the health status of the lead-acid battery pack.

[0089] In one embodiment, the time coefficients that may be used include:

[0090] Obtaining the average remaining power of the lead-acid battery group, and calculating the energy corresponding to the average remaining power as the usable energy;

[0091] Multiply the time length corresponding to the first preset time period in the future by the target power to obtain the required energy;

[0092] The usable time coefficient is obtained according to the required energy and the usable energy, and the calculation formula is: Tk = Yf-Sx / Cv, where Tk is the usable time coefficient; Yf is the usable energy, Sx is the required energy, and Cv is the time length corresponding to the first preset time period;

[0093] Determining the second adjustment strategy according to the battery health status data and the usable time coefficient includes:

[0094] The battery health status data includes the capacity attenuation coefficient, the internal resistance increase coefficient and the battery average coefficient. The state coefficient is obtained based on the capacity attenuation coefficient, the internal resistance increase coefficient, the battery average coefficient and the usable time coefficient. The calculation formula is:

[0095]

[0096] Wherein, Lgt is the state coefficient, a1, a2, a3, a4 represent the capacity attenuation coefficient, internal resistance increase coefficient, battery average coefficient and usable time coefficient respectively, a1, a2, a3, a4 are the proportional coefficients of capacity attenuation coefficient, internal resistance increase coefficient, battery average coefficient and usable time coefficient respectively, and a1, a2, a3, a4 are all greater than 0;

[0097] The state coefficient is compared with a preset state coefficient threshold, and if the state coefficient is not less than the preset state coefficient threshold, the second adjustment strategy is a power unchanged strategy;

[0098] If the state coefficient is less than the preset state coefficient threshold, the second adjustment strategy is a power increase strategy.

[0099] It should be noted that the average remaining power of the lead-acid battery group can be obtained directly through the monitoring system of the lead-acid battery group in the household photovoltaic energy storage system, or by other means, which will not be elaborated in detail; in addition, the preset state coefficient threshold is set by professionals according to the actual situation, and will not be limited or elaborated in detail.

[0100] It should be noted that when the usable time coefficient of the lead-acid battery group is smaller, the lead-acid battery group in the household photovoltaic energy storage system cannot be adjusted to increase the discharge power at will during the household electricity consumption process. The reason is:

[0101] Increased discharge depth: A smaller usable time coefficient means less available energy reserves. If the discharge power is increased in this case, the battery will use up the remaining power faster, resulting in an increase in the battery's discharge depth. Excessive discharge will accelerate battery aging and shorten its service life.

[0102] Battery over-discharge risk: When the battery's discharge depth increases, the battery is more likely to reach its minimum allowable voltage, leading to the risk of over-discharge. Over-discharge not only damages the chemical structure inside the battery, but can also cause permanent capacity loss, reducing the battery's available capacity.

[0103] Overheating risk: Lead-acid batteries generate more heat when discharged at high power. If the battery is already in poor health (such as capacity decay and increased internal resistance), excessive discharge power will further increase the battery temperature and increase the risk of overheating. This not only affects the performance of the battery, but may also cause safety issues.

[0104] Unstable power supply: High-power discharge at low usable time coefficients may cause the battery pack to run out of energy in a short period of time and be unable to provide continuous and stable power supply. This will cause the home photovoltaic energy storage system to be unable to operate smoothly, affecting the stability and reliability of home electricity consumption.

[0105] Reduced system efficiency: Increasing the discharge power may cause the battery to frequently enter deep discharge and charge cycles when the usable time factor is low. Frequent deep discharge cycles will reduce the overall efficiency of the battery and increase the operating cost and maintenance cost of the system.

[0106] Therefore, by comprehensively considering the battery health status data and the usable time coefficient, the power regulation strategy can be optimized to ensure that the lead-acid battery pack works in the best condition, extend its service life, and improve the overall efficiency and reliability of the home photovoltaic energy storage system.

[0107] In one implementation, the power regulation requirements of the lead-acid battery pack can be determined more accurately through the above method, ensuring that the battery pack can operate in the best state during actual use.

[0108] In one embodiment, adjusting the power of the lead-acid battery pack according to the current temperature of the lead-acid battery pack and external environment data includes:

[0109] Obtain the current temperature of the lead-acid battery pack and the external ambient temperature, and subtract the current temperature from the external ambient temperature to obtain the temperature difference;

[0110] Obtain the absolute difference between the current power and the target power of the lead-acid battery pack, and multiply the absolute difference by the temperature difference to obtain the temperature index;

[0111] The temperature index is compared with a preset temperature index threshold, and if the temperature index is less than the preset temperature index threshold, the current power of the lead-acid battery group is adjusted to the target power;

[0112] If the temperature index is not less than the preset temperature index threshold, the lead-acid battery pack still maintains the current power.

[0113] It should be noted that the current temperature of the lead-acid battery pack and the external ambient temperature can be directly obtained through the monitoring system of the lead-acid battery pack in the household photovoltaic energy storage system, or other methods, which are not described in detail; in addition, the preset temperature index threshold is set by professionals according to actual conditions, and is not limited or elaborated on.

[0114] In one implementation, the power adjustment of the lead-acid battery pack can effectively consider the impact of ambient temperature on battery performance through the above method, thereby achieving more accurate power regulation. The temperature index calculated based on the temperature difference and power difference can help determine the power adjustment requirements under the current environmental conditions, so that the system can optimize power output while ensuring battery safety and stable performance. This can not only avoid battery overheating or performance degradation caused by temperature changes, but also improve the overall efficiency and reliability of the home photovoltaic energy storage system, thereby extending the battery life and reducing maintenance costs.

[0115] Based on the same inventive concept, the embodiment of the present invention also provides a lead-acid battery adaptive power control device. Figure 2 , Figure 2 A framework diagram of a lead-acid battery adaptive power control device provided by an embodiment of the present invention includes:

[0116] The first adjustment module: predicts the household power consumption in a future preset time period as the target power based on the historical data of household power consumption, obtains the power of the current lead-acid battery group, and determines the first adjustment strategy of the discharge power of the lead-acid battery group in the future preset time period based on the current power of the lead-acid battery group and the target power; the first adjustment strategy includes a power increase strategy, a power decrease strategy and a power unchanged strategy;

[0117] The second adjustment module: when the first adjustment strategy is the power increase strategy, obtain the battery health status data and the usable time coefficient of the lead-acid battery group, and determine the second adjustment strategy of the discharge power of the lead-acid battery group within a future preset time period according to the battery health status data and the usable time coefficient; the second adjustment strategy includes the power increase strategy and the power unchanged strategy;

[0118] Final adjustment module: When the second adjustment strategy is the power increase strategy, the current temperature and external environment data of the lead-acid battery group are obtained, and the power of the lead-acid battery group within a future preset time period is adjusted according to the current temperature and external environment data of the lead-acid battery group.

[0119] Based on an adaptive power control device for lead-acid batteries provided in an embodiment of the present invention, the discharge power of the lead-acid battery group is adaptively adjusted in the above manner to avoid problems such as frequent over-discharge and overheating of the battery during the discharge process, slow down the aging of the battery, reduce the impact on its service life, and at the same time enable the system to meet the load requirements as much as possible to ensure sufficient and stable power supply.

[0120] In one embodiment, the first adjustment module is used to:

[0121] If the current power of the lead-acid battery group is greater than the target power, the first adjustment strategy of the lead-acid battery group is a power reduction strategy, and the lead-acid battery power is adjusted to the target power;

[0122] If the current power of the lead-acid battery group is equal to the target power, the first adjustment strategy of the lead-acid battery group is a power-keeping strategy, and the power of the lead-acid battery group remains at the current power;

[0123] If the current power of the lead-acid battery group is less than the target power, the first adjustment strategy of the lead-acid battery group is a power increase strategy.

[0124] In one embodiment, the second adjustment module includes:

[0125] Capacity decay module: obtain the current actual capacity of each battery in the lead-acid battery pack and the rated capacity of the battery, and obtain the capacity decay coefficient. The calculation formula is: Where Sa is the capacity attenuation coefficient, D 实 l and D 额 are the current actual capacity of the lth battery and the rated capacity of the battery, respectively. l represents the number of batteries in the lead-acid battery pack, l∈[1,h], and h is a positive integer;

[0126] Internal resistance amplification module: obtain the current internal resistance of each battery in the lead-acid battery pack and obtain the internal resistance amplification coefficient. The calculation formula is: Where Wd is the internal resistance amplification factor, R 实 l and R 额 are the current internal resistance of the lth battery and the rated internal resistance of the battery respectively;

[0127] Battery average module: obtains the current voltage of each battery in the lead-acid battery group and calculates the average voltage of the battery group. The calculation formula is: In the formula, is the mean voltage, V 实 l is the current voltage of the lth battery, according to the voltage mean Get the standard deviation, and use the standard deviation as the average battery coefficient. The calculation formula is: Where Pg is the average battery coefficient.

[0128] In one embodiment, the second adjustment module further includes:

[0129] Energy acquisition module: obtains the average remaining power of the lead-acid battery group and calculates the energy corresponding to the average remaining power as the usable energy; multiplies the time length corresponding to the first preset time period in the future by the target power to obtain the required energy;

[0130] Available time module: The available time coefficient is obtained according to the required energy and the available energy. The calculation formula is: Tk = Yf-Sx / Cv, where Tk is the available time coefficient; Yf is the available energy, Sx is the required energy, and Cv is the time length corresponding to the first preset time period;

[0131] Status module: Battery health status data includes capacity attenuation coefficient, internal resistance increase coefficient and battery average coefficient. The status coefficient is obtained based on the capacity attenuation coefficient, internal resistance increase coefficient, battery average coefficient and usable time coefficient. The calculation formula is:

[0132]

[0133] Wherein, Lgt is the state coefficient, a1, a2, a3, a4 represent the capacity attenuation coefficient, internal resistance increase coefficient, battery average coefficient and usable time coefficient respectively, a1, a2, a3, a4 are the proportional coefficients of capacity attenuation coefficient, internal resistance increase coefficient, battery average coefficient and usable time coefficient respectively, and a1, a2, a3, a4 are all greater than 0;

[0134] The first comparison module compares the state coefficient with a preset state coefficient threshold. If the state coefficient is not less than the preset state coefficient threshold, the second adjustment strategy is a power unchanged strategy.

[0135] Second comparison module: If the state coefficient is less than the preset state coefficient threshold, the second adjustment strategy is a power increase strategy.

[0136] In one embodiment, the final adjustment module includes:

[0137] Temperature difference module: obtain the current temperature of the lead-acid battery pack and the external ambient temperature, subtract the current temperature from the external ambient temperature to get the temperature difference;

[0138] Temperature index module: obtains the absolute difference between the current power and the target power of the lead-acid battery pack, and multiplies the absolute difference by the temperature difference to obtain the temperature index;

[0139] Power increase module: compares the temperature index with the preset temperature index threshold. If the temperature index is less than the preset temperature index threshold, the current power of the lead-acid battery group is adjusted to the target power.

[0140] Power unchanged module: If the temperature index is not less than the preset temperature index threshold, the lead-acid battery pack still maintains the current power.

[0141] The above is a detailed description of an embodiment of the present invention, but the content is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and cannot be considered to limit the scope of implementation of the present invention. All equivalent changes and improvements made within the scope of the present invention should still fall within the scope of the patent coverage of the present invention.

Claims

1. A lead-acid battery adaptive power control method, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: Predicting the household power consumption in a future preset time period as the target power based on the historical data of household power consumption, obtaining the power of the current lead-acid battery group, and determining a first adjustment strategy for the discharge power of the lead-acid battery group in the future preset time period based on the current power of the lead-acid battery group and the target power; the first adjustment strategy includes a power increase strategy, a power decrease strategy, and a power unchanged strategy; When the first adjustment strategy is a power increase strategy, the battery health status data and the usable time coefficient of the lead-acid battery group are obtained, and a second adjustment strategy for the discharge power of the lead-acid battery group within a future preset time period is determined according to the battery health status data and the usable time coefficient; the second adjustment strategy includes a power increase strategy and a power unchanged strategy; When the second adjustment strategy is a power increase strategy, the current temperature and external environment data of the lead-acid battery group are obtained, and the power of the lead-acid battery group within a future preset time period is adjusted according to the current temperature and external environment data of the lead-acid battery group; The battery health status data includes: The battery health status data includes capacity attenuation coefficient, internal resistance amplification coefficient and battery average coefficient; Get the current actual capacity of each battery in the lead-acid battery pack and the rated capacity of the battery to get the capacity attenuation coefficient. The calculation formula is: , where is the capacity attenuation coefficient, and Respectively The actual capacity of each battery and the rated capacity of the battery. A number indicating the number of cells in a lead-acid battery pack. , is a positive integer; Get the current internal resistance of each battery in the lead-acid battery pack and get the internal resistance increase coefficient. The calculation formula is: , where is the internal resistance amplification factor, and Respectively The current internal resistance of each battery and the rated internal resistance of the battery; Get the current voltage of each battery in the lead-acid battery pack and calculate the average voltage of the battery pack. The calculation formula is: , where is the voltage mean, For the The current voltage of each battery is calculated based on the average voltage. Get the standard deviation, and use the standard deviation as the average battery coefficient. The calculation formula is: , where is the average battery coefficient; The available time coefficient includes: Obtaining the average remaining power of the lead-acid battery group, and calculating the energy corresponding to the average remaining power as the usable energy; Multiply the time length corresponding to the first preset time period in the future by the target power to obtain the required energy; The usable time coefficient is obtained based on the required energy and the usable energy. The calculation formula is: , where is the available time coefficient; For usable energy, is the energy required, is the time length corresponding to the first preset time period; Determining the second adjustment strategy according to the battery health status data and the usable time coefficient includes: The battery health status data includes a capacity attenuation coefficient, an internal resistance increase coefficient, and a battery average coefficient. The state coefficient is obtained according to the capacity attenuation coefficient, the internal resistance increase coefficient, the battery average coefficient, and the usable time coefficient. The calculation formula is: ； In the formula, is the state coefficient, , , , They represent capacity attenuation coefficient, internal resistance increase coefficient, battery average coefficient and usable time coefficient respectively. are the proportional coefficients of capacity attenuation coefficient, internal resistance amplification coefficient, battery average coefficient and usable time coefficient, respectively, and All are greater than 0; The state coefficient is compared with a preset state coefficient threshold, and if the state coefficient is not less than the preset state coefficient threshold, the second adjustment strategy is a power unchanged strategy; If the state coefficient is less than the preset state coefficient threshold, the second adjustment strategy is a power increase strategy.

2. A lead-acid battery adaptive power control method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The first adjustment strategy for determining the discharge power of the lead-acid battery group within a preset time period in the future according to the current power of the lead-acid battery group and the target power includes: If the current power of the lead-acid battery group is greater than the target power, the first adjustment strategy of the lead-acid battery group is a power reduction strategy, and the lead-acid battery power is adjusted to the target power; If the current power of the lead-acid battery group is equal to the target power, the first adjustment strategy of the lead-acid battery group is a power-keeping strategy, and the power of the lead-acid battery group remains at the current power; If the current power of the lead-acid battery group is less than the target power, the first adjustment strategy of the lead-acid battery group is a power increase strategy.

3. The method for adaptive power control of a lead-acid battery according to claim 1, characterized in that: The power adjustment of the lead-acid battery group according to the current temperature of the lead-acid battery group and the external environment data includes: Obtain the current temperature of the lead-acid battery pack and the external ambient temperature, and subtract the current temperature from the external ambient temperature to obtain the temperature difference; Obtain the absolute difference between the current power and the target power of the lead-acid battery pack, and multiply the absolute difference by the temperature difference to obtain the temperature index; The temperature index is compared with a preset temperature index threshold, and if the temperature index is less than the preset temperature index threshold, the current power of the lead-acid battery group is adjusted to the target power; If the temperature index is not less than the preset temperature index threshold, the lead-acid battery pack still maintains the current power.

4. A lead-acid battery adaptive power control device, characterized in that: The device comprises: The first adjustment module: predicts the household power consumption in a future preset time period as the target power based on the historical data of household power consumption, obtains the power of the current lead-acid battery group, and determines the first adjustment strategy of the discharge power of the lead-acid battery group in the future preset time period based on the current power of the lead-acid battery group and the target power; the first adjustment strategy includes a power increase strategy, a power decrease strategy and a power unchanged strategy; The second adjustment module: when the first adjustment strategy is the power increase strategy, obtain the battery health status data and the usable time coefficient of the lead-acid battery group, and determine the second adjustment strategy of the discharge power of the lead-acid battery group within a future preset time period according to the battery health status data and the usable time coefficient; the second adjustment strategy includes the power increase strategy and the power unchanged strategy; Final adjustment module: when the second adjustment strategy is the power increase strategy, obtain the current temperature and external environment data of the lead-acid battery group, and adjust the power of the lead-acid battery group within a future preset time period according to the current temperature and external environment data of the lead-acid battery group; The second adjustment module includes: Capacity decay module: obtain the current actual capacity of each battery in the lead-acid battery pack and the rated capacity of the battery, and obtain the capacity decay coefficient. The calculation formula is: , where is the capacity attenuation coefficient, and Respectively The actual capacity of each battery and the rated capacity of the battery. A number indicating the number of cells in a lead-acid battery pack. , is a positive integer; Internal resistance amplification module: obtain the current internal resistance of each battery in the lead-acid battery pack and obtain the internal resistance amplification coefficient. The calculation formula is: , where is the internal resistance amplification factor, and Respectively The current internal resistance of each battery and the rated internal resistance of the battery; Battery average module: obtains the current voltage of each battery in the lead-acid battery group and calculates the average voltage of the battery group. The calculation formula is: , where is the voltage mean, For the The current voltage of each battery is calculated based on the average voltage. Get the standard deviation, and use the standard deviation as the average battery coefficient. The calculation formula is: , where is the average battery coefficient; Energy acquisition module: obtains the average remaining power of the lead-acid battery group and calculates the energy corresponding to the average remaining power as the usable energy; multiplies the time length corresponding to the first preset time period in the future by the target power to obtain the required energy; Available time module: The available time coefficient is obtained based on the required energy and available energy. The calculation formula is: , where is the available time coefficient; For usable energy, is the energy required, is the time length corresponding to the first preset time period; Status module: The battery health status data includes the capacity attenuation coefficient, the internal resistance increase coefficient and the battery average coefficient. The status coefficient is obtained according to the capacity attenuation coefficient, the internal resistance increase coefficient, the battery average coefficient and the usable time coefficient. The calculation formula is: ； In the formula, is the state coefficient, , , , They represent capacity attenuation coefficient, internal resistance increase coefficient, battery average coefficient and usable time coefficient respectively. are the proportional coefficients of capacity attenuation coefficient, internal resistance amplification coefficient, battery average coefficient and usable time coefficient, respectively, and All are greater than 0; The first comparison module compares the state coefficient with a preset state coefficient threshold. If the state coefficient is not less than the preset state coefficient threshold, the second adjustment strategy is a power unchanged strategy. Second comparison module: If the state coefficient is less than the preset state coefficient threshold, the second adjustment strategy is a power increase strategy.

5. The lead-acid battery adaptive power control device according to claim 4, characterized in that: The first adjustment module is used for: If the current power of the lead-acid battery group is greater than the target power, the first adjustment strategy of the lead-acid battery group is a power reduction strategy, and the lead-acid battery power is adjusted to the target power; If the current power of the lead-acid battery group is equal to the target power, the first adjustment strategy of the lead-acid battery group is a power-keeping strategy, and the power of the lead-acid battery group remains at the current power; If the current power of the lead-acid battery group is less than the target power, the first adjustment strategy of the lead-acid battery group is a power increase strategy.

6. A lead-acid battery adaptive power control device according to claim 4, characterized in that: The final adjustment module comprises: Temperature difference module: obtain the current temperature of the lead-acid battery pack and the external ambient temperature, subtract the current temperature from the external ambient temperature to get the temperature difference; Temperature index module: obtains the absolute difference between the current power and the target power of the lead-acid battery pack, and multiplies the absolute difference by the temperature difference to obtain the temperature index; Power increase module: compares the temperature index with the preset temperature index threshold. If the temperature index is less than the preset temperature index threshold, the current power of the lead-acid battery group is adjusted to the target power. Power unchanged module: If the temperature index is not less than the preset temperature index threshold, the lead-acid battery pack still maintains the current power.

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