A biopharmaceutical equipment based on supercritical extraction technology

Abstract

The present invention relates to a biopharmaceutical device based on supercritical extraction technology in the field of separation equipment. Through a mixing and lifting cylinder having a lower piston chamber and an upper piston chamber and a piston column that can move up and down, a medicinal liquid and a supercritical fluid are quantitatively extracted, and through independent and intersecting drainage channels and discharge channels, the medicinal liquid and the supercritical fluid are subjected to multiple collision mixing, thereby achieving quantitative, cyclic, and multiple collision mixing of the medicinal liquid and the supercritical fluid, and secondary mixing is performed in the spreading chamber between the spreading plate and the baffle plate, thereby further improving the extraction quality. In addition, through an upper floating plate and a constant pressure spring arranged above the baffle plate, the cavity above the medicinal liquid is compressed in the initial state and adaptively lifted and lowered in the subsequent extraction process, thereby reducing the decomposition of the supercritical fluid due to the sudden pressure change in the extraction tank in the initial state and in the subsequent extraction process, thereby further improving the extraction stability and extraction quality.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to a biopharmaceutical device, in particular to a biopharmaceutical device based on supercritical extraction technology and applied in the field of separation equipment. Background Art

[0002] In the field of biopharmaceuticals, supercritical extraction equipment is widely used for its high efficiency and environmental protection. The equipment structure generally includes key components such as extraction kettle, heat exchanger and separation kettle. The principle is to use the relationship between the solubility of supercritical fluid and pressure and temperature to contact the drug components to be extracted with supercritical fluid (such as carbon dioxide). By precisely controlling the pressure and temperature, the active ingredients in the drug are extracted in turn. Subsequently, the supercritical fluid carries the solute into the separation kettle. By reducing the pressure and raising the temperature, the fluid returns to normal and the solute precipitates, realizing the extraction and separation of the drug.

[0003] In order to improve the contact effect between the supercritical fluid and the drug solution, the traditional supercritical extraction kettle generally adopts a stirring component or injects the supercritical fluid through a nozzle. However, the mixing effect of the above two methods is limited, especially in the local position inside the drug solution, there is always uneven concentration of the drug solution or supercritical fluid, and the dispersion effect is limited. Summary of the invention

[0004] In view of the above-mentioned prior art, the technical problem to be solved by the present invention is that the local dispersion effect of the dispersion mechanism in the extraction tank of the supercritical extraction equipment is limited.

[0005] In order to solve the above problems, the present invention provides a biopharmaceutical equipment based on supercritical extraction technology, including an extraction tank, a mixing and lifting cylinder is fixedly connected to the center of the bottom of the extraction tank, a spreading plate is fixedly connected to the upper end of the mixing and lifting cylinder, an annular liquid reflux gap is formed between the spreading plate and the inner wall of the extraction tank, a baffle plate is fixedly connected above the spreading plate, and a spreading cavity is formed between the baffle plate and the spreading plate; a vertically arranged lower piston cavity and an upper piston cavity are provided at the lower part of the mixing and lifting cylinder, both of which are penetrated by a piston column extending to the top of the extraction tank, the piston column is fixedly connected to a lower piston disc nested in the lower piston cavity and an upper piston disc nested in the upper piston cavity; the upper end of the piston column is connected to a reciprocating lifting mechanism for driving it to move up and down;

[0006] The lower piston chamber is connected with the inner chamber of the extraction tank through a liquid inlet channel provided in the mixing and lifting cylinder, and the lower piston chamber is connected with a liquid discharge channel provided in the mixing and lifting cylinder and extending to the upper end surface of the spreading disk; the upper piston chamber is connected with an inlet channel provided in the piston column, and the upper end of the piston column is fixedly connected with an inlet pipe connected to an external supercritical gas storage tank, and the upper piston chamber is connected with a discharge channel provided in the mixing and lifting cylinder and extending to the upper end surface of the spreading disk; the liquid discharge channel and the discharge channel are independently arranged in the mixing and lifting cylinder and intersect multiple times; the upper end of the baffle plate is abutted with an upper floating plate that is in sliding contact with the inner wall of the extraction tank, and the upper floating plate is abutted with a constant pressure spring that is abutted with the top wall of the extraction tank, and the upper floating plate is nested with a pressure sensor for monitoring the fluid pressure below it, and the upper part of the extraction tank is connected with a discharge pipe.

[0007] In the above-mentioned biopharmaceutical equipment based on supercritical extraction technology, the mixing and lifting cylinder with a lower compression chamber and an upper compression chamber is used to quantitatively, circulate, multiple times, and collisionally mix the drug solution and the supercritical fluid to improve the mixed extraction effect.

[0008] As a further improvement of the present application, a lower floating plate is provided under the spreading plate, which is slidably mounted on the mixing lifting cylinder and whose outer wall is in sliding contact with the inner wall of the extraction tank. The lower floating plate is nested with a conducting pipe that vertically penetrates the lower floating plate, and the conducting pipe is connected to an electric pin nested in the lower floating plate.

[0009] As a further improvement of the present application, the extraction tank is a cylindrical structure, and a liquid inlet pipe is provided at the lower part thereof, the mixing and lifting cylinder is a vertical cylindrical structure, the spreading plate and the baffle plate are both disc-shaped structures, the diameter of the spreading plate is smaller than the inner diameter of the extraction tank and larger than the diameter of the mixing and lifting cylinder, and the diameter of the baffle plate is smaller than the diameter of the spreading plate; the upper floating plate is a circular ring structure and a through hole is provided at the center position for the piston column to pass through, a sliding sealing ring is provided in the through hole that abuts the piston column, and the thickness of the upper floating plate is greater than the inner diameter of the discharge pipe.

[0010] As a further improvement of the present application, a first one-way valve is fixedly connected to the opening at the outer end of the liquid inlet channel, a second one-way valve is fixedly connected to the connection point between the liquid discharge channel and the lower piston chamber, a third one-way valve is fixedly connected to the opening position of the inlet channel toward the upper piston chamber, and a fourth one-way valve is fixedly connected to the connection position between the discharge channel and the upper piston chamber.

[0011] As a further improvement of the present application, the liquid drainage channel is a vertical tubular channel, the flow drainage channel is a spiral tubular channel, and the inner diameter of the flow drainage channel is not greater than the inner diameter of the liquid drainage channel.

[0012] As a further improvement of the present application, both the liquid discharge channel and the fluid discharge channel are spiral tubular channels and have the same inner diameter.

[0013] As a further improvement of the present application, an annular mesh plate is provided on the outside of the opening formed by both the drainage channel and the drainage channel extending to the upper end surface of the paving disc. The annular mesh plate is a vertical cylindrical structure and has evenly distributed through holes on the circumferential side wall. The annular mesh plate is nested between the paving disc and the baffle disc and is fixedly connected to the two.

[0014] As a further improvement of the present application, multiple circles of guide blocks equidistantly distributed around the circumference are provided on the outside of the annular mesh plate, and the guide blocks of adjacent circles are staggered, and the guide blocks are vertical columnar structures with triangular cross-sections.

[0015] As a further improvement of the present application, the lower floating plate is a hollow annular structure, a permanent magnet is nested in the lower floating plate, an electromagnetic induction sensor is installed in the lower shell wall of the extraction tank, and the electromagnetic induction sensor and the electric latch are electrically connected to the external controller.

[0016] To summarize, the present invention uses a mixing and lifting cylinder with a lower piston chamber and an upper piston chamber and a piston column that can move up and down to quantitatively extract the medicinal liquid and the supercritical fluid, and uses independent and intersecting drainage channels and drainage channels to allow the medicinal liquid and the supercritical fluid to collide and mix multiple times, thereby achieving quantitative, cyclic, and multiple collision mixing of the medicinal liquid and the supercritical fluid, replacing the traditional stirring or rotating nozzle mixing method, improving the mixing uniformity, and then improving the extraction quality, and performing secondary mixing in the spreading chamber between the spreading plate and the baffle plate to further improve the extraction quality; in addition, by providing an upper floating plate and a constant pressure spring above the baffle plate, the cavity above the medicinal liquid is compressed in the initial state and adaptively lifted and lowered in the subsequent extraction process, thereby reducing the decomposition of the supercritical fluid due to the sudden change of pressure in the extraction tank in the initial state and in the subsequent extraction process, and further improving the extraction stability and extraction quality. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0017] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the extraction tank in this application;

[0018] Figure 2 It is a schematic cross-sectional structure diagram of the extraction tank in this application;

[0019] Figure 3 for Figure 2 A schematic diagram of the enlarged structure at A in the middle;

[0020] Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of the explosive assembly of the mixing lifting cylinder and the piston rod in this application;

[0021] Figure 5 This is a perspective structural diagram of the internal pipeline of the mixing and lifting cylinder in this application;

[0022] Figure 6 A schematic diagram of the distribution and flow of each component during the extraction operation in this application;

[0023] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the distribution of the annular mesh plate and the guide block on the paving board in this application;

[0024] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the exploded assembly of the lower floating plate in this application;

[0025] Fig. 9 This is a schematic diagram of the distribution of the Chinese medicinal liquid on the upper and lower sides of the lower floating plate before and after extraction in this application.

[0026] Description of the numbers in the figure:

[0027] 1. Extraction tank; 2. Mixing and lifting cylinder; 201. Lower piston chamber; 2011. Liquid inlet channel; 2012. Liquid discharge channel; 202. Upper piston chamber; 2021. Inlet channel; 2022. Discharge channel; 3. Spreading plate; 4. First one-way valve; 5. Second one-way valve; 6. Third one-way valve; 7. Fourth one-way valve; 8. Piston column; 801. Lower piston disc; 802. Upper piston disc; 9. Inlet pipe; 10. Reciprocating lifting mechanism; 11. Blocking disc; 12. Annular mesh plate; 13. Guide block; 14. Upper floating plate; 15. Constant pressure spring; 16. Pressure sensor; 17. Discharge pipe; 18. Lower floating plate; 19. Conducting pipe; 20. Electric latch; 21. Permanent magnet; 22. Electromagnetic induction sensor; 23. Liquid inlet pipe. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0028] The following describes two implementation modes of the present application in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0029] The first implementation method:

[0030] Figure 1-7 A biopharmaceutical device based on supercritical extraction technology is shown, comprising an extraction tank 1, a mixing and lifting cylinder 2 is fixedly connected to the center of the bottom of the extraction tank 1, a spreading plate 3 is fixedly connected to the upper end of the mixing and lifting cylinder 2, an annular liquid reflux gap is formed between the spreading plate 3 and the inner wall of the extraction tank 1, a baffle plate 11 is fixedly connected above the spreading plate 3, and a spreading cavity is formed between the baffle plate 11 and the spreading plate 3; a lower piston cavity 201 and an upper piston cavity 202 arranged vertically are provided at the lower part of the mixing and lifting cylinder 2, both of which are penetrated by a piston column 8 extending to the top of the extraction tank 1, and the piston column 8 is fixedly connected to a lower piston disc 801 nested in the lower piston cavity 201 and an upper piston disc 802 nested in the upper piston cavity 202; the upper end of the piston column 8 is connected to a reciprocating lifting mechanism 10 for driving it to reciprocate up and down;

[0031] The lower piston chamber 201 is connected to the inner cavity of the extraction tank 1 through a liquid inlet channel 2011 provided in the mixing and lifting cylinder 2, and the lower piston chamber 201 is connected to a liquid discharge channel 2012 provided in the mixing and lifting cylinder 2 and extending to the upper end surface of the paving plate 3; the upper piston chamber 202 is connected to an inlet channel 2021 provided in the piston column 8, and the upper end of the piston column 8 is fixedly connected to an inlet pipe 9 connected to an external supercritical gas storage tank, and the upper piston chamber 202 is connected to a liquid discharge channel 2012 provided in the mixing and lifting cylinder 2 and extending to the upper end surface of the paving plate 3. The drainage channel 2022 extends to the upper end surface of the spreading plate 3; the drainage channel 2012 and the drainage channel 2022 are independently arranged in the mixing and lifting cylinder 2 and intersect multiple times; the upper end of the baffle plate 11 is abutted with an upper floating plate 14 that slides against the inner wall of the extraction tank 1, and the upper floating plate 14 is abutted with a constant pressure spring 15 that abuts against the top wall of the extraction tank 1, and the upper floating plate 14 is embedded with a pressure sensor 16 for monitoring the fluid pressure below it, and the upper part of the extraction tank 1 is connected to a drainage pipe 17.

[0032] For details, please refer to Figure 6 , including the following steps:

[0033] Step 1: inject the drug solution into the inner cavity of the extraction tank 1, and make the drug solution infiltrate the circumferential side wall of the spreading plate 3, but the liquid level of the drug solution is lower than the upper end surface of the spreading plate 3;

[0034] Step 2, start the external supercritical gas storage tank and the reciprocating lifting mechanism 10, the reciprocating lifting mechanism 10 drives the piston column 8 to move up and down, the piston column 8 drives the lower piston plate 801 to move up and down reciprocatingly in the lower piston chamber 201, the lower piston chamber 201 extracts the medicine liquid in the extraction tank 1 through the liquid inlet channel 2011 and discharges the medicine liquid upward to the paving plate 3 through the liquid discharge channel 2012; at the same time, the piston column 8 drives the upper piston plate 802 to move up and down reciprocatingly in the upper piston chamber 202, the upper piston chamber 202 extracts the supercritical fluid through the inlet channel 2021 nested in the piston column 8 and discharges it to the paving plate 3 through the discharge channel 2022, the two are mixed and flow along the paving plate 3, after leaving the paving plate 3, the medicine flows downward, and the supercritical fluid extracted with the medicine is retained in the cavity above the paving plate 3;

[0035] It should be noted that, during the discharge process of the liquid medicine and the supercritical fluid, since the liquid discharge channel 2012 and the flow discharge channel 2022 are independently arranged in the mixing and lifting cylinder 2 and intersect for many times, the liquid medicine and the supercritical fluid collide and mix for many times during the discharge process, and the mixed fluid continues to mix in the paving cavity between the paving plate 3 and the baffle plate 11, and flows outward along the paving cavity;

[0036] Step three, as the reaction proceeds, the pressure of the supercritical fluid retained above the spreading disc 3 gradually increases, and the deformation pressure of the constant pressure spring 15 is greater than the supercritical pressure. When the pressure of the retained supercritical fluid is greater than the pressure of the constant pressure spring 15, the upper floating plate 14 is pushed. At this time, the cavity between the spreading disc 3 and the upper floating plate 14 gradually increases and is connected to the drain pipe 17. When the pressure sensor 16 detects that the pressure is greater than the threshold, the external controller starts the solenoid valve of the drain pipe 17 to discharge the supercritical fluid extracted with the drug.

[0037] It should be noted that, by means of the upper floating plate 14 and the constant pressure spring 15, the volume of the cavity between the upper floating plate 14 and the spreading plate 3 is compressed in the initial extraction stage, thereby reducing the possibility of the supercritical fluid leaving the supercritical state due to sudden pressure changes after being injected into the extraction tank 1, thereby improving the initial extraction effect, and further improving the overall extraction stability and extraction effect.

[0038] Compared with the traditional supercritical drug extraction equipment, the present invention uses a mixing and lifting cylinder 2 with a lower piston chamber 201 and an upper piston chamber 202 and a piston column 8 that can move up and down to quantitatively extract the drug liquid and the supercritical fluid, and uses independent and intersecting drainage channels 2012 and drainage channels 2022 to allow the drug liquid and the supercritical fluid to collide and mix multiple times, thereby achieving quantitative, cyclic, and multiple collision mixing of the drug liquid and the supercritical fluid, replacing the traditional stirring or rotating nozzle mixing method, improving the mixing uniformity, and thus improving the extraction quality, and performing secondary mixing in the spreading cavity between the spreading plate 3 and the baffle plate 11 to further improve the extraction quality; in addition, by means of an upper floating plate 14 and a constant pressure spring 15 arranged above the baffle plate 11, the cavity above the drug liquid is compressed in the initial state and adaptively lifted and lowered in the subsequent extraction process, thereby reducing the decomposition of the supercritical fluid due to the sudden pressure change in the extraction tank 1 in the initial state and in the subsequent extraction process, and further improving the extraction stability and extraction quality.

[0039] See also Figure 2 The extraction tank 1 is a cylindrical structure, and a liquid inlet pipe 23 is provided at the lower part thereof. The mixing and lifting cylinder 2 is a vertical cylindrical structure. The spreading plate 3 and the baffle plate 11 are both disc-shaped structures. The diameter of the spreading plate 3 is smaller than the inner diameter of the extraction tank 1 and larger than the diameter of the mixing and lifting cylinder 2. The diameter of the baffle plate 11 is smaller than the diameter of the spreading plate 3. The upper floating plate 14 is a circular ring structure and a through hole is provided at the center position for the piston column 8 to pass through. A sliding sealing ring abutting against the piston column 8 is provided in the through hole. The thickness of the upper floating plate 14 is larger than the inner diameter of the discharge pipe 17.

[0040] Specifically, it is convenient for the drug solution to reflux from the annular gap between the spreading disk 3 and the inner wall of the extraction tank 1 after extraction. In addition, after the mixed liquid flows on the spreading disk 3 to the outside of the baffle disk 11, it continues to flow on the spreading disk 3, thereby increasing the spreading separation area and facilitating the separation of the supercritical fluid containing the extracted drug from the drug solution.

[0041] See also Figure 3 and Figure 5 A first one-way valve 4 is fixedly connected to the opening of the outer end of the inlet channel 2011, a second one-way valve 5 is fixedly connected to the connection between the discharge channel 2012 and the lower piston chamber 201, a third one-way valve 6 is fixedly connected to the opening position of the inlet channel 2021 facing the upper piston chamber 202, and a fourth one-way valve 7 is fixedly connected to the connection position between the discharge channel 2022 and the upper piston chamber 202.

[0042] Specifically, the one-way extraction and discharge of the drug solution and the supercritical fluid are achieved.

[0043] It should be further explained that the drainage channel 2012 is a vertical tubular channel, the drainage channel 2022 is a spiral tubular channel, and the inner diameter of the drainage channel 2022 is not greater than the inner diameter of the drainage channel 2012 .

[0044] Specifically, the supercritical fluid forms a vortex in the spiral pipe, impacts the liquid medicine in the vertical tubular channel multiple times and drives part of the liquid medicine into the spiral pipe for efficient mixing and contact.

[0045] In addition, in order to achieve multiple collision mixing, both the liquid discharge channel 2012 and the flow discharge channel 2022 are spiral tubular channels and have the same inner diameter.

[0046] Specifically, a variety of intersection modes of the drainage channel 2012 and the drainage channel 2022 are provided only to illustrate that there are many possible configuration modes for the intersection and collision between the two, which will not be described in detail.

[0047] See also Figure 4 and Figure 7 The drainage channel 2012 and the drainage channel 2022 both extend to the opening formed on the upper end surface of the paving disk 3, and an annular mesh plate 12 is provided on the outside. The annular mesh plate 12 is a vertical cylindrical structure and has evenly distributed through holes on the circumferential side wall. The annular mesh plate 12 is nested between the paving disk 3 and the baffle disk 11 and is fixedly connected to the two.

[0048] Specifically, when the mixture of the medicine solution and the supercritical fluid enters the spreading chamber and is injected into the cylindrical chamber surrounded by the annular mesh plate 12, the spreading disk 3 and the baffle disk 11, the through holes of the annular mesh plate 12 can slow down the spreading speed of the mixture, so that the mixture is further mixed in the cylindrical chamber, thereby improving the extraction effect.

[0049] See also Figure 4and Figure 7 A plurality of circles of guide blocks 13 are arranged on the outside of the annular mesh plate 12 and are equidistantly distributed around the circumference. The guide blocks 13 of adjacent circles are staggered and distributed. The guide blocks 13 are vertical columnar structures with triangular cross-sections.

[0050] Specifically, the mixed liquid flowing out of the annular mesh plate 12 alternates between dispersed flow and merged flow when flowing through the guide blocks 13 of each circle layer, thereby further improving the uniformity of mixed extraction.

[0051] In this embodiment, the reciprocating lifting mechanism 10 is one of a crank slider mechanism, a hydraulic telescopic cylinder, an electric telescopic cylinder, and a screw module connected to a driving motor.

[0052] Second implementation method:

[0053] Figure 2 , Figure 3 , Figure 8 and Fig. 9 A biopharmaceutical device based on supercritical extraction technology is shown. On the basis of the first embodiment, a lower floating plate 18 is provided below the spreading disc 3, which is slidably sleeved on the mixing and lifting cylinder 2 and the outer wall of which is slidably abutted against the inner wall of the extraction tank 1. The lower floating plate 18 is nested with a conducting tube 19 which vertically penetrates the lower floating plate 18, and the conducting tube 19 is plugged with an electric latch 20 nested in the lower floating plate 18.

[0054] Specifically, when performing the extraction operation, the extracted medicinal liquid is separated from the supercritical fluid on the spreading plate 3 and then flows into the cavity above the lower floating plate 18. At the same time, as the lower piston chamber 201 extracts the unextracted medicinal liquid below the lower floating plate 18, the lower floating plate 18 gradually moves downward until all the unextracted medicinal liquid completes the initial mixed extraction with the supercritical fluid. Then the electric plug 20 is started to connect the conducting tube 19 connecting the upper and lower side cavities of the lower floating plate 18. Under the action of buoyancy, the lower floating plate 18 returns to its initial position to prepare for the next one-way cycle extraction. Multiple one-way cycle extractions are performed as needed to ensure the stability of the concentration of the drug to be extracted in the medicinal liquid during a single extraction and improve the extraction effect of each extraction.

[0055] Compared with the case without the lower floating plate 18, the lower floating plate 18 isolates the extracted liquid medicine from the unextracted liquid medicine, so that the extracted liquid medicine is not mixed with the unextracted liquid medicine, so that the concentration of the drug to be extracted in the extracted mixed liquid medicine is stable, the single extraction effect is improved, and it is convenient to perform one-way cycle extraction times as needed.

[0056] See also Figure 2 and Figure 8The lower floating plate 18 is a hollow annular structure, a permanent magnet 21 is embedded in the lower floating plate 18, an electromagnetic induction sensor 22 is installed in the lower shell wall of the extraction tank 1, and the electromagnetic induction sensor 22 and the electric plug 20 are both electrically connected to the external controller.

[0057] Specifically, the permanent magnet 21 in the lower floating plate 18 is monitored by the electromagnetic induction sensor 22 to facilitate determining the position of the lower floating plate 18 and opening the electric latch 20 to achieve automatic floating of the lower floating plate 18 .

[0058] In view of current practical needs, the above-mentioned implementation mode adopted in this application is not limited to the scope of protection. Various changes made within the knowledge scope of technical personnel in this field without departing from the concept of this application still fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A biopharmaceutical equipment based on supercritical extraction technology, characterized in that: The invention comprises an extraction tank (1), wherein a mixing and lifting cylinder (2) is fixedly connected at the center of the bottom of the extraction tank (1), a spreading plate (3) is fixedly connected at the upper end of the mixing and lifting cylinder (2), an annular liquid reflux gap is formed between the spreading plate (3) and the inner wall of the extraction tank (1), a baffle plate (11) is fixedly connected above the spreading plate (3), and a spreading cavity is formed between the baffle plate (11) and the spreading plate (3); a lower piston cavity (201) and an upper piston cavity (202) arranged vertically are provided at the lower part of the mixing and lifting cylinder (2), the lower piston cavity (201) and the upper piston cavity (202) are penetrated by a piston column (8) extending to the top of the extraction tank (1), the piston column (8) is fixedly connected to a lower piston plate (801) nested in the lower piston cavity (201) and an upper piston plate (802) nested in the upper piston cavity (202); the upper end of the piston column (8) is connected to a reciprocating lifting mechanism (10) for driving the piston column (8) to reciprocate up and down; The lower piston chamber (201) is connected to the inner chamber of the extraction tank (1) via a liquid inlet channel (2011) provided in the mixing and lifting cylinder (2); the lower piston chamber (201) is connected to a liquid discharge channel (2012) provided in the mixing and lifting cylinder (2) and extending to the upper end surface of the paving plate (3); the upper piston chamber (202) is connected to an inlet channel (2021) provided in the piston column (8); the upper end of the piston column (8) is fixedly connected to an inlet pipe (9) connected to an external supercritical gas storage tank; the upper piston chamber (202) is connected to a liquid discharge channel (2012) provided in the mixing and lifting cylinder (2) and extending to the upper end surface of the paving plate (3); a drainage channel (2022) extending to the upper end surface of the spreading plate (3); the drainage channel (2012) and the drainage channel (2022) are independently arranged in the mixing and lifting cylinder (2) and intersect with each other multiple times; the upper end of the baffle plate (11) is abutted against an upper floating plate (14) that is slidably abutted against the inner wall of the extraction tank (1); the upper part of the upper floating plate (14) is abutted against a constant pressure spring (15) that is abutted against the top wall of the extraction tank (1); the upper floating plate (14) is embedded with a pressure sensor (16) for monitoring the fluid pressure below it; and the upper part of the extraction tank (1) is connected to a drainage pipe (17); The following steps are involved in drug extraction: Step 1: injecting the drug liquid into the inner cavity of the extraction tank (1) and allowing the drug liquid to infiltrate the circumferential side wall of the spreading plate (3) but with the liquid level of the drug liquid being lower than the upper end surface of the spreading plate (3); Step 2: start the external supercritical gas storage tank and the reciprocating lifting mechanism (10); the reciprocating lifting mechanism (10) drives the piston column (8) to move up and down; the piston column (8) drives the lower piston plate (801) to move up and down in the lower piston chamber (201); the lower piston chamber (201) extracts the liquid in the extraction tank (1) through the liquid inlet channel (2011) and discharges the liquid upward onto the spreading plate (3) through the liquid discharge channel (2012); at the same time, the piston column (8) The upper piston plate (802) is driven to reciprocate up and down in the upper piston chamber (202); the upper piston chamber (202) extracts the supercritical fluid through the inlet channel (221) nested in the piston column (8) and discharges it onto the spreading plate (3) through the discharge channel (222); the two are mixed and flow along the spreading plate (3); after leaving the spreading plate (3), the drug liquid flows downward, and the supercritical fluid extracted with the drug is retained in the chamber above the spreading plate (3); Step three, as the reaction proceeds, the pressure of the supercritical fluid retained above the spreading disc (3) gradually increases, and the deformation pressure of the constant pressure spring (15) is greater than the supercritical pressure. When the pressure of the retained supercritical fluid is greater than the pressure of the constant pressure spring (15), the upper floating plate (14) is pushed. At this time, the cavity between the spreading disc (3) and the upper floating plate (14) gradually increases and is connected to the discharge pipe (17). When the pressure sensor (16) detects that the pressure is greater than the threshold, the external controller starts the solenoid valve of the discharge pipe (17) to discharge the supercritical fluid extracted with the drug.

2. A biopharmaceutical equipment based on supercritical extraction technology according to claim 1, characterized in that: A lower floating plate (18) is provided below the spreading plate (3) and is slidably sleeved on the mixing and lifting cylinder (2) and has an outer wall that is in sliding contact with the inner wall of the extraction tank (1). The lower floating plate (18) is embedded with a conducting pipe (19) that vertically penetrates the lower floating plate (18), and the conducting pipe (19) is plugged with an electric latch (20) embedded in the lower floating plate (18).

3. The biopharmaceutical equipment based on supercritical extraction technology according to claim 1, characterized in that: The extraction tank (1) is a cylindrical structure, and a liquid inlet pipe (23) is provided at its lower part; the mixing and lifting cylinder (2) is a vertical cylindrical structure; the spreading plate (3) and the baffle plate (11) are both disc-shaped structures; the diameter of the spreading plate (3) is smaller than the inner diameter of the extraction tank (1) and larger than the diameter of the mixing and lifting cylinder (2); the diameter of the baffle plate (11) is smaller than the diameter of the spreading plate (3); the upper floating plate (14) is a circular ring structure and a through hole is provided at the center thereof for the piston column (8) to pass through; a sliding sealing ring is provided in the through hole and abuts against the piston column (8); the thickness of the upper floating plate (14) is larger than the inner diameter of the discharge pipe (17).

4. The biopharmaceutical equipment based on supercritical extraction technology according to claim 1, characterized in that: The first one-way valve (4) is fixedly connected to the opening at the outer end of the inlet channel (2011), the second one-way valve (5) is fixedly connected to the connection between the discharge channel (2012) and the lower piston chamber (201), the third one-way valve (6) is fixedly connected to the opening of the inlet channel (2021) facing the upper piston chamber (202), and the fourth one-way valve (7) is fixedly connected to the connection between the discharge channel (2022) and the upper piston chamber (202).

5. The biopharmaceutical equipment based on supercritical extraction technology according to claim 1, characterized in that: The drainage channel (2012) is a vertical tubular channel, the flow channel (2022) is a spiral tubular channel, and the inner diameter of the flow channel (2022) is not greater than the inner diameter of the drainage channel (2012).

6. The biopharmaceutical equipment based on supercritical extraction technology according to claim 1, characterized in that: The liquid drainage channel (2012) and the fluid drainage channel (2022) are both spiral tubular channels and have the same inner diameter.

7. The biopharmaceutical equipment based on supercritical extraction technology according to claim 1, characterized in that: The drainage channel (2012) and the flow channel (2022) both extend to the opening formed on the upper end surface of the paving disc (3), and an annular mesh plate (12) is provided on the outside of the opening. The annular mesh plate (12) is a vertical cylindrical structure and has evenly distributed through holes on the circumferential side wall. The annular mesh plate (12) is nested between the paving disc (3) and the baffle disc (11) and is fixedly connected to the two.

8. The biopharmaceutical equipment based on supercritical extraction technology according to claim 7, characterized in that: The outer side of the annular mesh plate (12) is provided with a plurality of circles of guide blocks (13) which are equidistantly distributed around the circumference, and the guide blocks (13) of adjacent circles are staggeredly distributed. The guide blocks (13) are vertical columnar structures with triangular cross-sections.

9. The biopharmaceutical equipment based on supercritical extraction technology according to claim 2, characterized in that: The lower floating plate (18) is a hollow annular structure, a permanent magnet (21) is embedded in the lower floating plate (18), an electromagnetic induction sensor (22) is installed in the lower shell wall of the extraction tank (1), and the electromagnetic induction sensor (22) and the electric latch (20) are both electrically connected to an external controller.

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