A method for optimizing the processing of a spiral-toothed gear wheel

Abstract

The present application relates to a kind of spiral tooth surface gear wheel tooth machining optimization method.Currently, when considering the visibility, accessibility, comfort, fatigue degree and safety and other man-machine factors of assembly worker in traditional assembly, it needs to set up special experiment, during which a large amount of manpower and material resources will be consumed, which not only leads to assembly process design to occupy too much time, but also there may be unsafe and uncomfortable problems in worker assembly operation.A kind of main reducer assembly man-machine ergonomics evaluation method includes virtual human operating posture model, virtual assembly simulation system and man-machine ergonomics evaluation optimization system, virtual human operating posture model includes human posture capture module and calculation and analysis module, virtual assembly simulation system includes assembly unit construction module and process guide module, man-machine ergonomics evaluation optimization system includes man-machine ergonomics evaluation module and human operation optimization scheme module.The present application is applied to the field of aeronautical manufacturing engineering.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the field of gear manufacturing, and in particular relates to a method for optimizing the machining of helical tooth surface gears. Background Art

[0002] Helical gears are flat gears with variable module and helix angle. As a new type of gear transmission mechanism, they offer advantages such as compact structure, high contact ratio, stable transmission speed, low noise, high gear ratio and transmission efficiency, and strong load capacity. Therefore, helical gears have broad application prospects in various parallel and staggered axis transmission mechanisms. Current helical gears are typically hot-die-cast, resulting in low tooth surface hardness and precision, which cannot meet the precision transmission requirements of high-end mechanical equipment.

[0003] At present, in view of the limitation that the existing generating processing method of face gears cannot meet the processing requirements of face gears with larger spiral angles, the present invention proposes and studies a gear skiving processing method for helical tooth face gears. Summary of the Invention

[0004] In order to solve the above problems, the purpose of the present invention is to provide a method for optimizing the tooth skiving of helical tooth face gears.

[0005] A method for optimizing the tooth skiving of a helical tooth face gear, the method comprising the following steps:

[0006] Step 1: Based on the spatial curve forming principle, the tooth surface equation of the right-hand involute cylindrical pinion is derived. Then, based on the principle of staggered axis meshing in gear space, the installation layout relationship and coordinate system for the gear shaping process of the helical tooth face gear are constructed. The tooth surface equation of the helical tooth face gear is derived, the tooth width of the helical tooth face gear is designed, and the coordinate values ​​of the discrete points on the tooth surface of the helical tooth face gear are solved and imported into the 3D modeling software to construct a digital model of the helical tooth face gear.

[0007] Step 2: Based on the principle of spatial staggered axis meshing, a double-degree-of-freedom gear turning method for helical gears was adopted. The number of teeth of the gear turning tool was taken as the equivalent number of teeth of the helical cylindrical gear, and the involute tooth profile was taken as the theoretical tooth profile of the gear turning tool. A theoretical model of the gear turning tool was established.

[0008] Step 3: Based on the hypothetical meshing relationship of the instantaneous conjugate point contact between the shaping wheel or gear shaping cutter, gear cutting tool, and helical face gear, the installation layout relationship and gear cutting machining coordinate system among the gear cutting tool, gear shaping cutter, and helical face gear were constructed, and a two-degree-of-freedom motion model for gear cutting of helical face gears was established.

[0009] Step 4: Measure the normal distance between the machined tooth surface and the theoretical tooth surface of the helical tooth gear, calculate the tooth surface error between the two tooth surfaces, establish a theoretical error analysis model between the machined tooth surface and the theoretical tooth surface of the helical tooth gear, and perform a theoretical error calculation example.

[0010] Step 5: The local structure of the tooth surface of the helical tooth face gear is constructed. The theoretical model of the main curvature and main direction of the tooth surface of the helical tooth face gear is constructed. Aiming at the interference problem of gear turning processing, the basic parameters and structure of the gear turning tool are established.

[0011] Step 6: The principle of gear turning of helical gears was studied. A virtual simulation of gear turning of helical gears was performed. The process of the virtual simulation experiment of gear turning of helical gears was formulated. With the help of 3D modeling software, digital models of various components such as CNC gear turning machines and gear turning cutters were established. The CNC program for gear turning of helical gears was written, the virtual simulation experiment of gear turning was realized, and the 3D geometric model of the helical gear was obtained.

[0012] Preferably, the step three uses the envelope method to derive the meshing equation of gear skiving, and then derives the tooth surface equation of the helical tooth surface gear.

[0013] Preferably, in step 4, on the working tooth surface, the convex surface discrete point error is 0.02mm-0.10mm, and the concave surface discrete point error is close to 0, which preliminarily verifies the correctness and feasibility of the spiral tooth surface gear cutting processing principle.

[0014] Preferably, in step five, by comparing the simulation model and theoretical model of the helical tooth surface gear, except for the large residue on the transition tooth surface, the maximum error value of the working tooth surface part of the helical tooth surface gear does not exceed 22.6μm, further verifying the feasibility of the helical tooth surface gear gear cutting method.

[0015] Beneficial effect: By comparing the simulation model and theoretical model of the helical tooth surface gear, the present invention found that, except for the large residue on the transition tooth surface, the maximum error value of the working tooth surface part of the helical tooth surface gear does not exceed 22.6μm, which further verifies the feasibility of the helical tooth surface gear gear machining method.

[0016] The present invention solves the shortcomings that helical tooth surface gears are generally formed by hot die casting, have low tooth surface hardness and low precision, and cannot meet the requirements of precision transmission of high-end mechanical equipment.

[0017] The present invention solves the problem that the existing generating processing method for face gears cannot meet the processing requirements of face gears with larger spiral angles. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0018] In the present application, unless specifically defined otherwise and limited in the specification, the terms "mount", "connected", "linking", "fixed" and the like should be understood broadly, for example, can be fixed connection, can also be detachable connection, or integrated; can be mechanical connection, can also be electrical connection, can also be communication; can be directly connected, can also be indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, can be the internal communication of two elements or the interaction relationship of two elements. For those skilled in the art, the specific meaning of the above terms in the present application can be understood according to the specific circumstances.

[0019] In the present application, unless specifically defined otherwise and limited in the specification, the first feature is "on" or "under" the second feature. The first and second features can be in direct contact, or the first and second features can be in indirect contact through an intermediate medium. In the description of the specification, the description referring to the terms "one scheme", "some schemes", "example", "specific example", or "some examples" means that the specific features, structures, materials or characteristics described in conjunction with the scheme or example are included in at least one scheme or example of the present application. In the specification, the illustrative description of the above terms does not necessarily refer to the same scheme or example. Moreover, the specific features, structures, materials or characteristics described can be combined in any one or more schemes or examples in a suitable manner.

[0020] Embodiment 1: A helical tooth surface gear tooth processing optimization method, the method comprising the following steps:

[0021] Step one: According to the principle of spatial curve forming, the tooth surface equation of right-handed involute cylindrical pinion is derived, then according to the principle of spatial staggered shaft meshing, the installation layout relationship and coordinate system of helical tooth surface gear gear shaping processing are constructed, the tooth surface equation of helical tooth surface gear is derived, the tooth width of helical tooth surface gear is designed, and the coordinate numerical value of helical tooth surface gear tooth surface discrete point is solved. The digital model of helical tooth surface gear is constructed by importing into three-dimensional modeling software;

[0022] Step two: According to the principle of spatial staggered shaft meshing, a helical tooth surface gear double degree of freedom gear tooth generating machining method is adopted, the equivalent number of teeth of the helical gear is taken as the number of teeth of the gear cutter, and the involute tooth profile is taken as the theoretical tooth profile of the gear cutter. The theoretical model of the gear cutter is established;

[0023] Step three: Based on the instantaneous conjugate point contact meshing relationship of the imaginary generating wheel or gear shaping cutter, gear cutting cutter and helical tooth surface gear, the installation layout relationship and gear cutting coordinate system among the gear cutting cutter, gear shaping cutter and helical tooth surface gear are constructed, and the double degree of freedom motion model of helical tooth surface gear gear cutting is established;

[0024] Step four: the normal distance between the tooth surface of the spiral tooth surface gear and the theoretical tooth surface is measured, the tooth surface error between the two tooth surfaces is calculated, the theoretical error analysis model of the tooth surface of the spiral tooth surface gear and the theoretical tooth surface is established, and the theoretical error example calculation is carried out;

[0025] Step five: the local structure of the tooth surface of the spiral tooth surface gear, the theoretical model of the main curvature direction of the tooth surface of the spiral tooth surface gear is established, and the basic parameters and structure of the gear cutting tool are established for the interference problem of gear cutting;

[0026] Step six: the gear cutting principle of the spiral tooth surface gear, the gear cutting virtual simulation of the spiral tooth surface gear is carried out, the process of the gear cutting virtual simulation experiment of the spiral tooth surface gear is formulated, the digital model of the numerical control gear cutting machine, gear cutting tool and other parts is established by means of three-dimensional modeling software, the numerical control program of the gear cutting of the spiral tooth surface gear is written, the gear cutting virtual simulation experiment is realized, and the three-dimensional geometric model of the spiral tooth surface gear is obtained.

[0027] Example 2, the spiral tooth surface gear cutting optimization method according to example 1, the step three adopts the envelope method to deduce the meshing equation of gear cutting, and further deduces the tooth surface equation of the spiral tooth surface gear.

[0028] Example 3, the spiral tooth surface gear cutting optimization method according to example 1 or 2, the step four: on the working tooth surface, the convex discrete point error is 0.02mm-0.10mm, and the concave discrete point error is close to 0, which preliminarily verifies the correctness and feasibility of the spiral tooth surface gear cutting principle.

[0029] Example 4, the spiral tooth surface gear cutting optimization method according to example 1 or 2 or 3, the step five compares the simulation model and the theoretical model of the spiral tooth surface gear, except that there is a large residual in the transition tooth surface, the maximum error value of the working tooth surface part of the spiral tooth surface gear does not exceed 22.6μm, which further verifies the feasibility of the spiral tooth surface gear cutting method.

Claims

1. A method for optimizing the machining of spiral tooth face gears, characterized in that: The method comprises the following steps: Step 1: Based on the principle of spatial curve forming, the tooth surface equation of the right-hand involute cylindrical pinion is derived. Then, based on the principle of staggered axis meshing in gear space, the installation layout relationship and coordinate system for the gear shaping process of the helical tooth face gear are constructed. The tooth surface equation of the helical tooth face gear is derived, and the tooth width of the helical tooth face gear is designed. The coordinate values ​​of the discrete points on the tooth surface of the helical tooth face gear are solved and imported into the 3D modeling software to construct a digital model of the helical tooth face gear. Step 2: According to the principle of spatial staggered axis meshing, a double-degree-of-freedom gear turning method for helical gears was adopted. The equivalent number of teeth of the helical cylindrical gear was used as the number of teeth of the gear turning tool, and the involute tooth profile was used as the theoretical tooth profile of the gear turning tool. A theoretical model of the gear turning tool was established. Step 3: Based on the hypothetical meshing relationship of the instantaneous conjugate point contact between the shaping wheel or gear shaping cutter, gear skiving tool and helical face gear, the installation layout relationship and gear skiving coordinate system among the gear skiving tool, gear shaping cutter and helical face gear are constructed, and a two-degree-of-freedom motion model for gear skiving of helical face gear is established. Step 4: Measure the normal distance between the skived tooth surface and the theoretical tooth surface of the helical tooth face gear, calculate the tooth surface error between the two tooth surfaces, establish a theoretical error analysis model between the skived tooth surface and the theoretical tooth surface of the helical tooth face gear, and perform theoretical error calculation examples; Step 5: Based on the local structure of the tooth surface of helical gears, a theoretical model of the main curvature and main direction of the tooth surface of helical gears is constructed. Aiming at the interference problem of gear skiving, the basic parameters and structure of the gear skiving tool are established. Step 6: According to the principle of gear skiving of helical gears, virtual simulation of gear skiving of helical gears is carried out, and the process of virtual simulation experiment of gear skiving of helical gears is formulated. With the help of 3D modeling software, digital models of various components such as CNC gear skiving machine tools and gear skiving cutters are established, and CNC programs for gear skiving of helical gears are written to realize virtual simulation experiment of gear skiving and obtain the 3D geometric model of the helical gears.

2. The method for optimizing the tooth skiving of helical tooth face gears according to claim 1, wherein: In step three, the meshing equation of gear skiving is derived using the envelope method, and then the tooth surface equation of the helical tooth surface gear is derived.

3. The method for optimizing the tooth skiving of helical tooth face gears according to claim 1, wherein: Step 4 On the working tooth surface, the discrete point error of the convex surface is 0.02mm~0.10mm, and the discrete point error of the concave surface is close to 0.

4. The method for optimizing the tooth skiving of helical tooth face gears according to claim 1, wherein: In the step 5, by comparing the simulation model and the theoretical model of the helical tooth surface gear, except for a large residue on the transition tooth surface, the maximum error value of the working tooth surface part of the helical tooth surface gear does not exceed 22.6 μm.