Open pit coal filling mining method and system

Abstract

The present invention provides a method and system for mining side coal filling in an open-pit mine, and relates to the technical field of open-pit mining. The method comprises the following steps: mining section division, dividing the side coal pressure area between the first mining field and the second mining field into a plurality of mining sections arranged in sequence; coal mining, the tunneling equipment mines the mining section to connect the first mining field and the second mining field, and the transportation equipment gradually extends from the opening end of the mining section to the terminal end and transports the coal out of the mining section; equipment switching, moving the tunneling equipment out from the terminal end of the mining section, and making the waste rock throwing equipment enter from the opening end of the mining section; mining section filling, the waste rock throwing equipment throws waste rock along the mining section, and the transportation equipment transports waste rock to the waste rock throwing equipment and gradually withdraws from the terminal end of the mining section, and the filling is completed when the waste rock throwing equipment and the transportation equipment move out of the terminal end of the mining section. The present invention can realize the rapid switching of coal mining operation and mining section filling operation by means of the same transportation equipment, which is time-saving and efficient.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of open-pit mining, and in particular to an open-pit mine side coal filling mining method and system. Background Art

[0002] Side coal mining is a technology that directly arranges special recovery equipment to mine raw coal in the exposed coal seam on the side of the open-pit mine. It often forms a mining cave by remotely controlling the continuous miner to cut into the coal body, so that the coal is transported out by the transportation system at the rear of the continuous miner to complete the mining operation. The mining cave needs to be filled after the side coal mining is completed to work together with the coal pillar to support the roof and ensure the stability of the slope. In order to consume the open-pit stripping gangue and protect the environment, the gangue filling technology will be used to fill the mining cave after the coal mining is completed.

[0003] In the relevant technology, the mining tunnel formed by side coal mining is a dead-end tunnel, and because the staff cannot enter, the continuous mining machine must gradually withdraw after the excavation is completed, and then the remote-controlled gangue filling equipment must be sent into the deepest part of the mining tunnel and gradually withdrawn for filling. However, the withdrawal of the mining equipment and the delivery of the filling equipment are time-consuming and labor-intensive, and the efficiency is extremely low. Summary of the invention

[0004] The present invention aims to solve one of the technical problems in the related art at least to a certain extent.

[0005] To this end, an embodiment of one aspect of the present invention proposes a method for mining coal filling on the side of an open-pit mine. The method can achieve rapid switching between coal mining operations and mine filling operations with the help of the same transportation equipment, with short time consumption and high efficiency.

[0006] Another embodiment of the present invention provides an open-pit mine side coal filling mining system.

[0007] A method for mining side coal filling in an open-pit mine according to an embodiment of the present invention comprises the following steps:

[0008] Mining section division: the side coal pressure area between the first mining area and the second mining area is divided into a plurality of mining sections arranged in sequence;

[0009] Coal mining, the tunneling equipment mines the mining section to form a mining tunnel connecting the first mining area and the second mining area, and the transportation equipment gradually extends from the opening end of the mining tunnel toward the terminal end and transports the mined coal out of the mining tunnel;

[0010] Equipment switching, moving the excavation equipment out of the final hole end of the mining tunnel, and allowing the waste rock dumping equipment to enter from the opening end of the mining tunnel;

[0011] The mining shaft is filled, the waste rock dumping equipment dumps waste rock along the mining shaft, the transportation equipment transports waste rock to the waste rock dumping equipment and gradually withdraws from the mining shaft from the terminal end of the mining shaft, and the filling is completed when the waste rock dumping equipment and the transportation equipment move out of the terminal end of the mining shaft.

[0012] According to the open-pit mine side coal filling mining method of the embodiment of the present invention, the tunneling equipment mines coal in the mining section of the side coal pressure area between the first mining area and the second mining area, and the transportation equipment gradually extends along the mining tunnel and timely transports the mined coal out of the tunnel until the mining tunnel passes through the first mining area and the second mining area, and the transportation equipment extends to the terminal end of the mining tunnel, and then the tunneling equipment and the waste rock disposal equipment enter and exit from both ends of the mining tunnel to realize the switching of the two equipment, after which the transportation equipment transports the waste rock to the waste rock disposal equipment, and the waste rock disposal equipment fills the mining tunnel with waste rock, and at the same time the transportation equipment gradually withdraws from the mining tunnel to complete the mining tunnel filling operation. Therefore, compared with the related art, the present invention can use the same transportation equipment to realize the rapid switching of coal mining operation and mining tunnel filling operation, which is time-saving and efficient.

[0013] In some embodiments, after the step of performing the tunnel filling operation, the method further comprises:

[0014] Equipment shifting, the excavation equipment, the transportation equipment and the waste rock dumping equipment are all shifted from the outside of the terminal hole of the mining tunnel to the next mining section along the arrangement direction of all mining sections;

[0015] The equipment shifting, coal mining, equipment switching and mining tunnel filling operations are repeated until the reciprocating mining and filling of all mining sections are completed.

[0016] In some embodiments, a ventilation pipe is installed on the transport equipment, and the length of the ventilation pipe is greater than the length of the mining tunnel. The steps of the coal mining operation also include:

[0017] For mining ventilation, the first end of the ventilation pipe is arranged outside the opening end of the mining tunnel and connected to an external fan, and the second end of the ventilation pipe is extended to the head of the mining tunnel to form a first ventilation airflow.

[0018] In some embodiments, the step of the mining tunnel filling operation also includes: filling ventilation, arranging the second end of the ventilation pipe outside the terminal end of the mining tunnel and connecting it to an external fan, so that the first end of the ventilation pipe extends to the waste rock disposal equipment to form a second ventilation airflow.

[0019] In some embodiments, a cable is further included, the length of the cable being greater than the length of the mining tunnel, and the step of the coal mining operation further includes:

[0020] Mining wiring, the first end of the cable is laid outside the opening end of the mining tunnel and connected to the external power equipment and control system, and the second end of the cable is connected to the excavation equipment to control the working condition of the excavation equipment.

[0021] In some embodiments, the step of the mine filling operation also includes: filling wiring, laying the second end of the cable outside the terminal end of the mine and connecting it to an external power device and a control system, and connecting the first end of the cable to the waste rock throwing equipment to control the working condition of the waste rock throwing equipment.

[0022] In some embodiments, there are at least two transporting devices, among which, while one transporting device and the waste rock dumping device are performing the mine filling operation, the other transporting device and the tunneling equipment are performing the coal mining operation on the next mining section.

[0023] In some embodiments, the steps of the coal mining operation include:

[0024] Arrange the excavation equipment at the input end of the transportation equipment so that the output end of the transportation equipment extends to the outside of the opening end of the mining tunnel;

[0025] The tunneling equipment mines the mining section, so that the mined coal enters the input end of the transportation equipment through the tunneling equipment and is transported out through the output end;

[0026] According to the mining distance of the tunneling equipment, the input end of the transportation equipment is extended to a corresponding length toward the terminal end of the mining tunnel;

[0027] The mining tunnel is connected to the first mining area and the second mining area, and the input end of the transportation equipment is extended to the terminal end of the mining tunnel.

[0028] In some embodiments, the transport equipment includes a first walking platform and a plurality of speed-linking belts, some of which are connected to form a basic conveying unit, and the first walking platform is arranged in any one of the first mining area and the second mining area and is transmission-connected to the basic conveying unit;

[0029] The step of extending the input end of the transportation equipment toward the terminal end of the mining tunnel by a corresponding length according to the mining distance of the tunneling equipment is that the first walking platform pushes the basic conveying unit to move from the output end of the transportation equipment toward the input end, and connects the remaining speed-linking belts one by one at the output end of the basic conveying unit to form a first conveying unit, so that the length of the first conveying unit extending to the mining tunnel changes with the mining distance.

[0030] In some embodiments, the steps of the tunnel filling operation include:

[0031] Arrange the gangue disposal equipment at the output end of the transport equipment;

[0032] The gangue is transported from the input end of the transport equipment to the gangue disposal equipment in the direction of the output end, and the gangue disposal equipment scatters the gangue along the mining tunnel;

[0033] According to the filling distance of the waste rock dumping equipment, the input end of the transport equipment is retracted by a corresponding length outside the terminal end of the mining tunnel;

[0034] The filling of the mining tunnel is completed, and the waste rock disposal equipment and the transportation equipment are moved out of the terminal end of the mining tunnel.

[0035] In some embodiments, the transport equipment further comprises a second walking platform, one of the second walking platform and the first walking platform is arranged in the first mining field, and the other is arranged in the second mining field;

[0036] The step of shrinking the input end of the transport equipment by a corresponding length outside the terminal end of the mining tunnel according to the filling distance of the waste rock equipment is as follows: the first conveying unit is pulled by the second walking platform to move from the output end of the transport equipment toward the input end, and the quick-connect tapes are removed one by one at the input end of the first conveying unit to form a second conveying unit, so that the length of the second conveying unit extending to the mining tunnel changes with the filling distance.

[0037] In some embodiments, the step of the tunnel filling operation also includes constructing a first filling retaining wall at the opening end of the tunnel.

[0038] In some embodiments, the step of the tunnel filling operation also includes constructing a second filling retaining wall at the terminal end of the tunnel.

[0039] In some embodiments, the step of segmenting the mining operation includes:

[0040] Using open-pit stripping mining technology to expose the first stope and the second stope;

[0041] A plurality of dividing lines are marked in the side coal compression area, so that the mining section is defined between any two adjacent dividing lines.

[0042] According to an embodiment of the present invention, an open-pit mine side coal filling mining system is used to implement the mining method described in any of the above embodiments. The system includes a mining section division module, a coal mining module, an equipment switching module and a mining tunnel filling module, wherein:

[0043] The mining section division module is used to divide the side coal compression area between the first mining area and the second mining area into a plurality of mining sections arranged in sequence;

[0044] The coal mining module is used for the tunneling equipment to mine the mining section to connect the first mining area and the second mining area, and the transportation equipment gradually extends from the opening end of the mining section toward the terminal end and transports the mined coal out of the mining section;

[0045] The equipment switching module is used to move the excavation equipment out of the final hole end of the mining tunnel and allow the waste rock dumping equipment to enter from the opening end of the mining tunnel;

[0046] The mining tunnel filling module is used for the waste rock dumping equipment to scatter waste rock along the mining tunnel, the transportation equipment transports waste rock to the waste rock dumping equipment and gradually withdraws from the terminal end of the mining tunnel, and the filling is completed when the waste rock dumping equipment and the transportation equipment move out of the terminal end of the mining tunnel.

[0047] The technical advantages of the open-pit mine side coal filling mining system according to the embodiment of the present invention are the same as the technical advantages of the open-pit mine side coal filling mining method mentioned above, and will not be repeated here.

[0048] In some embodiments, the system also includes an equipment shifting module, which is located behind the mining tunnel filling module. The equipment shifting module is used to shift the excavation equipment, the transportation equipment and the waste rock disposal equipment from the outside of the terminal end of the mining tunnel to the next mining section along the arrangement direction of all mining sections.

[0049] Additional aspects and advantages of the present invention will be given in part in the following description and in part will be obvious from the following description, or will be learned through practice of the present invention. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0050] Figure 1 The present invention is a schematic flow chart of an open-pit mine side coal filling mining method according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0051] Figure 2 It is a schematic flow chart of an open-pit mine side coal filling mining method according to another embodiment of the present invention.

[0052] Figure 3 It is a schematic flow chart of an open-pit mine side coal filling mining method according to another embodiment of the present invention.

[0053] Figure 4 It is a schematic flow chart of coal mining operations in an open-pit mine side coal filling mining method according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0054] Figure 5It is a schematic flow chart of the mining and filling operation in the open-pit mine side coal filling mining method according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0055] Figure 6 It is a structural schematic diagram of coal mining operations in an open-pit mine side coal filling mining method according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0056] Figure 7 It is a structural schematic diagram of the mining and filling operation in the open-pit mine side coal filling mining method according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0057] Figure 8 It is a structural schematic diagram of the method for filling coal in an open-pit mine according to an embodiment of the present invention, in which any two adjacent mining shafts simultaneously carry out coal mining operations and mining shaft filling operations.

[0058] Fig. 9 It is a structural schematic diagram of an open-pit mine side coal filling mining system according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0059] Fig.10 It is a structural schematic diagram of an open-pit mine side coal filling mining system according to another embodiment of the present invention.

[0060] Figure numerals: 1. Side coal compression area, 2. Mining section, 3. Excavation equipment, 4. Mining shaft, 41. First filling retaining wall, 42. Second filling retaining wall, 5. Transportation equipment, 51. First walking platform, 52. Speed-linking tape, 53. Second walking platform, 6. Gangue throwing equipment, 7. Ventilation pipe, 8. Cable. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0061] Embodiments of the present invention are described in detail below, and examples of the embodiments are shown in the accompanying drawings. The embodiments described below with reference to the accompanying drawings are exemplary and intended to be used to explain the present invention, but should not be understood as limiting the present invention.

[0062] It should be noted that, in open-pit mines, since the surface boundary of the mining area is inconsistent with the deep boundary, the side walls between adjacent mining areas will inevitably cover a large amount of coal resources. If they cannot be mined in time, they will eventually be reburied by the internal spoil dump, causing permanent losses. Therefore, the existing mining technology generally coordinates between two mining areas and adopts the traditional stripping mining method, that is, the overlying rock layer of the side coal between the mining areas is stripped, and then the open-pit mining method is adopted for mining.

[0063] However, the above-mentioned mining method requires a large amount of stripping work, and the stripping, mining and drainage projects of the two mining sites require complex coordination and cooperation. Usually, the two mining sites belong to different operating entities. Mining the mining site first will inevitably involve the problem of cross-border mining. At the same time, some mines do not even have the conditions for stripping mining because there are rivers, buildings and other surface features that need to be protected between the two mining sites. Due to the above-mentioned obvious defects of the existing technology, there are currently few cases of stripping mining of side coal in adjacent mining sites in open-pit mines.

[0064] Therefore, in view of the shortcomings of the side coal mining technology of adjacent mining areas in open-pit mines in the related art, the present invention proposes a side coal filling mining method for open-pit mines.

[0065] like Figure 1 , Figure 6 and Figure 7 As shown, an open-pit mine side coal filling mining method according to an embodiment of the present invention comprises the following steps:

[0066] Step S1, mining section division, dividing the side coal pressure area 1 between the first mining area and the second mining area into a plurality of mining sections 2 arranged in sequence, so as to plan the side coal pressure area 1 before mining and ensure the continuity of the subsequent mining operation;

[0067] Step S2, coal mining, the tunneling equipment 3 mines the mining section 2 to form a mining tunnel 4 connecting the first mining area and the second mining area, and the transportation equipment 5 gradually extends from the opening end of the mining tunnel 4 toward the terminal end and transports the mined coal out of the mining tunnel;

[0068] Step S3, equipment switching, moving the excavation equipment 3 out of the final hole end of the mining tunnel 4, and allowing the waste rock disposal equipment 6 to enter from the opening end of the mining tunnel 4;

[0069] Step S4, mining shaft filling, the gangue throwing equipment 6 throws the gangue along the mining shaft 4, the transportation equipment 5 transports the gangue to the gangue throwing equipment 6 and gradually withdraws from the mining shaft 4 from the terminal end of the mining shaft 4, and the filling is completed when the gangue throwing equipment 6 and the transportation equipment 5 move out of the terminal end of the mining shaft 4.

[0070] It can be understood that according to the open-pit mine side coal filling mining method of the embodiment of the present invention, the tunneling equipment 3 mines coal in the mining section 2 of the side coal pressure area 1 between the first mining area and the second mining area, and the transportation equipment 5 gradually extends along the mining shaft 4 and transports the mined coal in time until the mining shaft 4 passes through the first mining area and the second mining area, and the transportation equipment 5 extends to the terminal end of the mining shaft 4, and then the tunneling equipment 3 and the waste rock disposal equipment 6 enter and exit from the two ends of the mining shaft 4 to realize the switching of the two equipment. Afterwards, the transportation equipment 5 transports the waste rock to the waste rock disposal equipment 6, and the waste rock disposal equipment 6 fills the mining shaft 4 with waste rock. At the same time, the transportation equipment 5 gradually withdraws from the mining shaft 4 to complete the mining shaft filling operation. Therefore, compared with the related art, the present invention can use the same transportation equipment 5 to realize the rapid switching of coal mining operation and mining shaft filling operation, which is time-saving and efficient.

[0071] Specifically, the mining section 2 extends in the left-right direction in the figure, that is, the mining section 2 extends in the direction from the first mining area toward the second mining area. Multiple mining sections 2 can be arranged in sequence along the front-to-back direction in the figure. One mining shaft 4 is constructed in each mining section 2, and the width of all mining shafts 4 should be consistent. The mining shaft 4 can extend in the left-right direction in the figure. The coal pillar left between any two adjacent mining shafts 4 is determined according to actual needs, and its width may be different from the width of the mining shaft 4. The excavation equipment 3 is not limited to continuous mining machines and excavation machines, and other equipment that can realize excavation of coal and rock layers is also acceptable. The transportation equipment 5 is not limited to a retractable belt conveyor, or other transportation equipment 5 that can be retracted in the mining shaft 4. The excavation equipment 3 and the waste rock disposal equipment 6 can both have independent walking capabilities.

[0072] It should be noted that, in the filling mining process in the related art, since mining shaft 4 is a single-ended mining shaft, that is, it has only one opening, after the coal mining is completed, the coal mining equipment needs to be withdrawn from mining shaft 4 as a whole, and the transportation part thereof is reassembled with the filling equipment after dismantling, and then the reassembled filling equipment enters the single-ended mining shaft for filling. Not only is the process cumbersome, but it is also time-consuming and inefficient. The filling mining method in the present invention cleverly uses the double-ended mining shaft structure, which not only eliminates the disassembly and reorganization process between equipment, effectively shortens the project cycle, but also ensures the continuity of the entire filling mining operation, greatly improves the operation efficiency, and the process is simple.

[0073] In addition, the gangue filling technology is used to fill the mining tunnel 4. On the one hand, the gangue filling body can provide support for the roof of the mining tunnel 4, provide lateral constraints for the two sides of the mining tunnel 4, improve the stability of the surrounding rock, and thus ensure the safety of the slope. On the other hand, it reduces the emission of gangue stripping from the open-pit mine and reduces the impact of coal mining on the ecological environment. However, the filling of the mining tunnel 4 is not limited to gangue filling. Other materials that can achieve mining tunnel filling are all acceptable and are not limited here.

[0074] like Figure 2 , Figure 6 and Figure 7 As shown, in some embodiments of the present invention, the open-pit mine side coal filling mining method further includes the following steps after step S4:

[0075] Step S5, equipment shifting, shifting the excavation equipment 3, the transportation equipment 5 and the waste rock dumping equipment 6 from the outside of the terminal hole of the mining tunnel 4 along the arrangement direction of all mining sections 2 to the next mining section 2, so as to prepare for the filling mining of the next mining section 2;

[0076] Repeat the equipment shifting, coal mining, equipment switching and mining and filling operations until the reciprocating mining and filling of all mining sections 2 are completed.

[0077] It can be understood that, since the tunneling equipment 3 is directly moved out from the terminal end of the mining shaft 4 after completing the coal mining operation, and the waste dumping equipment 6 enters from the opening end of the mining shaft 4 and is directly moved out from the terminal end of the mining shaft 4 after completing the mining shaft filling operation, the transportation equipment 5 in the whole process is always shifted in the direction from the opening end of the mining shaft 4 toward the terminal end and moved out from the terminal end of the mining shaft 4. At the same time, after completing the mining and filling of coal, the above three are all shifted from the outside of the terminal end of the mining shaft 4 along the arrangement direction of the mining section 2 to the next mining section 2 to continue the coal mining and mining shaft filling operations. Therefore, reciprocating mining and filling of all mining sections 2 can be realized, avoiding the complex process coordination relationship between the first mining field and the second mining field, making the entire process flow more simplified.

[0078] Specifically, the arrangement direction of all mining sections 2 is the front-to-back direction in the figure.

[0079] like Figure 4 and Figure 6 As shown, in some embodiments, a ventilation pipe 7 is installed on the transportation equipment 5, and the length of the ventilation pipe 7 is greater than the length of the mining tunnel 4. The steps of the coal mining operation also include: step S2', mining ventilation, the first end of the ventilation pipe 7 is arranged outside the opening end of the mining tunnel 4 and connected to the external fan, so that the second end of the ventilation pipe 7 extends to the head of the mining tunnel 4 to form a first ventilation airflow, so that the mining tunnel 4 is always kept in a ventilated state, avoiding the possibility of gas or dust accumulation deep in the mining tunnel 4 caused by poor ventilation in the related technology, and improving safety.

[0080] like Figure 5 and Figure 7 As shown, in some embodiments, a ventilation pipe 7 is installed on the transportation equipment 5, and the length of the ventilation pipe 7 is greater than the length of the mining tunnel 4. The step of the mining tunnel filling operation also includes step S4', filling ventilation, and the second end of the ventilation pipe 7 is arranged outside the terminal end of the mining tunnel 4 and connected to the external fan, so that the first end of the ventilation pipe 7 extends to the waste rock throwing equipment 6 to form a second ventilation airflow. Similarly, the arrangement of the ventilation pipe 7 can keep the mining tunnel 4 in a ventilated state at all times, avoiding the possibility of gas or dust accumulation deep in the mining tunnel 4 caused by poor ventilation in the related technology, and improving safety.

[0081] It can be understood that the ventilation pipe 7 is integrated into the transportation equipment 5, so that the ventilation pipe 7 can be laid out or removed in the mining tunnel 4 along with the transportation equipment 5. At the same time, by directly switching the connection between the first end and the second end of the ventilation pipe 7 and the external fan, the tunneling equipment 3 or the waste rock dumping equipment 6 can be matched to realize ventilation of the mining tunnel 4 during the corresponding operation process. The whole process does not require the re-laying of the ventilation pipe 7, which further optimizes the process flow of the filling mining method.

[0082] In some embodiments, a cable 8 is further included, and the length of the cable 8 is greater than the length of the mining tunnel 4. Before the step of the coal mining operation, the following steps are included: step S2", mining wiring, the first end of the cable 8 is arranged outside the opening end of the mining tunnel 4 and connected to the external power equipment and control system, and the second end of the cable 8 is connected to the excavation equipment 3 to control the working condition of the excavation equipment 3.

[0083] In some embodiments, a cable 8 is further included, and the length of the cable 8 is greater than the length of the mining tunnel 4. Before the step of the mining tunnel filling operation, the following steps are also included: step S4", filling wiring, the second end of the cable 8 is arranged outside the terminal end of the mining tunnel 4 and connected to the external power equipment and control system, and the first end of the cable 8 is connected to the waste rock throwing device 6 to control the working condition of the waste rock throwing device 6.

[0084] It can be understood that by directly switching the connection between the first end and the second end of the cable 8 and the external power equipment and the control system, the tunneling equipment 3 or the waste rock dumping equipment 6 is matched to realize the control of the working condition of the corresponding equipment during the operation. The entire process does not require the cable 8 to be re-laid, which further optimizes the process flow of the filling mining method.

[0085] Specifically, the cable 8 may include a power cable and a communication cable. The power cable is used to provide power to the tunneling equipment 3 or the waste rock disposal equipment 6 , and the communication cable is used to achieve communication between the control system and the tunneling equipment 3 or the waste rock disposal equipment 6 .

[0086] It should be noted that the specific structures and working principles of the above-mentioned external fans, external power equipment and control systems can all adopt the existing technologies in the field.

[0087] In summary, in some embodiments of the present invention, the side coal filling mining method of the open-pit mine includes step S1, step S2, step S3 and step S4. At this time, each mining section 2 can be equipped with corresponding tunneling equipment 3, transportation equipment 5 and waste rock dumping equipment 6, so that each mining section 2 can complete the coal mining operation of the entire side coal pressure area 1 by sequentially performing steps 2, step 3 and step 4; in other embodiments, the side coal filling mining method of the open-pit mine includes step S1, step S2, step S3, step S4 and step S5. At this time, a group of tunneling equipment 3, transportation equipment 5 and waste rock dumping equipment 6 can be used to repeat steps S5, step S2, step S3 and step S4. 4, complete the reciprocating mining and filling of all mining sections 2 in sequence, and realize the coal mining operation of the entire side coal pressure area 1; in some other embodiments, the open-pit mine side coal filling mining method includes step S1, step S2', step S2, step S3, step S4', step S4 and step S5; in some other embodiments, the open-pit mine side coal filling mining method includes step S1, step S2', step S2", step S2, step S3, step S4', step S4", step S4 and step S5. It should be noted that in this embodiment, there is no limitation on the order between step S2' and step S2", and between step S4' and step S4". Therefore, the open-pit mine side coal filling mining method of the present invention can be the aforementioned four methods respectively.

[0088] In addition, the backfill mining method of the present invention does not require stripping of the overlying rock strata, does not affect the normal stripping, mining and drainage operations of the adjacent open-pit mines, avoids the complex process coordination relationship between the two mines, and simplifies the process system. It can also be applied to conditions such as rivers and buildings on the surface that need to be protected, thereby improving the recovery rate of coal resources.

[0089] like Figure 1 and Figure 8 As shown, in some embodiments, there are at least two transport equipment 5, among which, while one transport equipment 5 and the waste rock disposal equipment 6 are performing the mine filling operation, the other transport equipment 5 and the tunneling equipment 3 are performing the coal mining operation on the next mining section 2, so as to improve the filling and mining efficiency of the side coal pressure area 1.

[0090] like Figure 4 and Figure 6 As shown, in some embodiments, the steps of coal mining operations include:

[0091] Step S21, arranging the excavation equipment 3 at the input end of the transportation equipment 5, so that the output end of the transportation equipment 5 extends to the outside of the opening end of the mining tunnel 4;

[0092] Step S22, the tunneling equipment 3 mines the mining section 2, so that the mined coal enters the input end of the transportation equipment 5 through the tunneling equipment 3 and is transported out through the output end. Since the output end of the transportation equipment 5 is located outside the mining tunnel 4, the mined coal can be subsequently processed outside the mining tunnel 4, so as to realize unmanned mining operation and improve the safety of the mining process;

[0093] Step S23, according to the mining distance of the tunneling equipment 3, the input end of the transport device 5 is extended toward the terminal end of the mining tunnel 4 by a corresponding length, that is, the input end of the transport device 5 is extended toward the tunneling direction of the tunneling equipment 3 by a corresponding length, so that the transport device 5 and the tunneling equipment 3 can move in the same direction;

[0094] Step S24, the mining tunnel 4 is connected to the first mining area and the second mining area, and the input end of the transportation device 5 is extended to the terminal end of the mining tunnel 4, so as to complete the laying of the transportation device 5 in the mining tunnel 4, wherein the extension direction of the transportation device 5 is consistent with the extension direction of the mining tunnel 4. Preferably, the input end of the transportation device 5 is extended to the outside of the terminal end of the mining tunnel 4.

[0095] like Figure 4 and Figure 6 As shown, in some embodiments, the transportation equipment 5 includes a first walking platform 51 and multiple speed-linking belts 52, some of the speed-linking belts are connected to form a basic conveying unit, and the first walking platform 51 is arranged in any one of the first mining area and the second mining area and is transmission-connected to the basic conveying unit.

[0096] Step S23 specifically comprises the following steps: the first walking platform 51 pushes the basic conveying unit to move in the direction from the output end of the transport equipment 5 toward the input end, that is, pushes the basic conveying unit to move in the excavation direction, and connects the remaining speed-linking belts one by one at the output end of the basic conveying unit to form a first conveying unit, so that the length of the first conveying unit extending to the mining tunnel 4 changes with the mining distance, so as to ensure that the first conveying unit can receive the mined coal at the discharge port of the excavation equipment 3 and realize the transportation of the mined coal.

[0097] It can be understood that a conveyor belt structure of the transport equipment 5 is formed by connecting multiple quick-link belts 52, and under the transmission action of the first walking platform 51, the conveyor belt structure can extend in the mining shaft 4 and cooperate with the tunneling equipment 3 to complete the transportation of the mined coal. Among them, because the conveyor belt structure is spliced ​​in sections with the depth of the mining, it is not limited by the limited space conditions of the first mining field and the second mining field on both sides of the side coal pressure area 1, meets the layout and transportation requirements, and has strong applicability.

[0098] like Figure 5 and Figure 7 As shown, in some embodiments, the steps of the tunnel filling operation include:

[0099] Step S41, arranging the gangue disposal equipment 6 at the output end of the transportation equipment 5;

[0100] Step S42, the gangue is transported from the input end of the transport equipment 5 to the gangue disposal equipment 6 in the direction toward the output end, and the gangue disposal equipment 6 scatters the gangue along the mining tunnel 4, wherein the transport direction of the gangue is consistent with the transport direction of the coal mining tunnel, that is, both are from the input end of the transport equipment 5 to the output end. Therefore, when switching from the coal mining operation to the mining tunnel filling operation, there is no need to change the transport direction of the transport equipment 5, and only the excavation equipment 3 is replaced by the gangue disposal equipment 6 to continue the operation, which further optimizes the process of the filling mining method, and also makes it possible to meet the use requirements by using the existing transport equipment 5, reducing the equipment requirements;

[0101] Step S43, according to the filling distance of the waste rock throwing device 6, the input end of the transport device 5 is retracted by a corresponding length outside the terminal end of the mining tunnel 4, that is, the input end of the transport device 5 is withdrawn from the mining tunnel 4 by a corresponding length. At this time, the output end of the transport device 5 is moved accordingly, so that the transport device 5 as a whole moves in the same direction as the waste rock throwing device 6;

[0102] Step S44, completing the filling of the mining tunnel 4, and moving the waste rock disposal equipment 6 and the transportation equipment 5 out of the terminal end of the mining tunnel 4.

[0103] like Figure 5 and Figure 7 As shown, in some embodiments, the transport equipment 5 further includes a second walking platform 53 , and one of the second walking platform 53 and the first walking platform 51 is arranged in the first mining field, and the other is arranged in the second mining field.

[0104] Specifically, step S43 is as follows: the second walking platform 53 pulls the first conveying unit to move from the output end toward the input end of the transportation equipment 5, and removes the quick-connect tapes 52 one by one at the input end of the first conveying unit to form a second conveying unit, so that the length of the second conveying unit extending to the mining shaft 4 changes with the filling distance, so as to cooperate with the waste rock throwing equipment 6 to realize the mining shaft filling.

[0105] Similarly, it can be understood that because the conveyor belt structure is dismantled section by section along with the filling length of the mining tunnel, it is not restricted by the limited space conditions of the first and second mining areas on both sides of the side coal compression area 1, and can meet the layout and transportation requirements, with strong applicability.

[0106] Specifically, the specific structures and working principles of the first walking platform 51, the fast-connecting adhesive tape 52 and the second walking platform 53 can all adopt the existing technology in the field. The fast-connecting adhesive tape 52 can also be replaced by an overlapping belt. The first walking platform 51 and the second walking platform 53 are used to provide thrust or pulling force to other equipment. When the excavation equipment 3 does not have the ability to walk independently, the excavation equipment 3 can also be connected to the first walking platform 51 by transmission, so that the first walking platform 51 provides walking power for the excavation equipment 3. Similarly, when the waste rock throwing equipment 6 does not have the ability to walk independently, the waste rock throwing equipment 6 can be connected to the second walking platform 53 by transmission. External fans can be installed on both the first walking platform 51 and the second walking platform 53 to improve the integration of the equipment. The first walking platform 51 and the second walking platform 53 can also be connected to the ventilation pipe 7 and the cable 8 by transmission, so that the ventilation pipe 7 and the cable 8 can extend into the mining tunnel 4 or be pulled out of the mining tunnel 4.

[0107] In addition, since the quick-connecting tape 52, ventilation pipe 7 and cable 8 can be matched with the tunneling equipment 3 or the waste rock disposal equipment 6 by direct switching (for example, the first walking platform 51 and the second walking platform 53 are used as external power equipment in the entire coal filling and mining process, that is, the first walking platform 51 and the second walking platform 53 provide power sources for the quick-connecting tape 52, the ventilation pipe 7 and the cable 8, then the connection ends of the above three can be directly switched between the first walking platform 51 and the second walking platform 53 to achieve rapid coordination with the tunneling equipment 3 or the waste rock disposal equipment 6), the disassembly and assembly efficiency between the equipment in the corresponding operating links in the filling and mining method is further improved, and the process flow is optimized.

[0108] like Figure 3 As shown, in some embodiments, the steps of the mining tunnel filling operation also include, step S4', constructing a first filling retaining wall 41 at the opening end of the mining tunnel 4.

[0109] like Figure 3 As shown, in some embodiments, the steps of the mining tunnel filling operation also include, step S4", constructing a second filling retaining wall 42 at the terminal end of the mining tunnel 4.

[0110] like Figure 1 As shown, in some embodiments, step S1 includes:

[0111] Step S11, using an open-pit stripping mining process to expose the first stope and the second stope;

[0112] Step S12, marking a plurality of dividing lines in the side coal compression area 1, so that a mining section 2 is defined between any two adjacent dividing lines.

[0113] like Fig. 9As shown, an open-pit mine side coal filling mining system according to an embodiment of the present invention is used to implement the mining method of any of the above embodiments. The system includes a mining section division module, a coal mining module, an equipment switching module and a mining tunnel filling module, wherein:

[0114] A mining section division module is used to divide the side coal compression area 1 between the first mining area and the second mining area into a plurality of mining sections 2 arranged in sequence;

[0115] The coal mining module is used for the tunneling equipment 3 to mine the mining section 2 to a mining tunnel 4 connecting the first mining area and the second mining area, and the transportation equipment 5 gradually extends from the opening end of the mining tunnel 4 toward the terminal end and transports the mined coal out of the mining tunnel;

[0116] The equipment switching module is used to move the excavation equipment 3 out of the final hole end of the mining tunnel 4 and allow the waste rock throwing equipment 6 to enter from the opening end of the mining tunnel 4;

[0117] The mining shaft filling module is used for the gangue throwing equipment 6 to scatter gangue along the mining shaft 4, and the transportation equipment 5 transports the gangue to the gangue throwing equipment 6 and gradually withdraws from the terminal end of the mining shaft 4. The filling is completed when the gangue throwing equipment 6 and the transportation equipment 5 move out of the terminal end of the mining shaft 4.

[0118] The technical advantages of the open-pit mine side coal filling mining system according to the embodiment of the present invention are the same as the technical advantages of the open-pit mine side coal filling mining method mentioned above, and will not be repeated here.

[0119] like Fig.10 As shown, in some embodiments, the system also includes an equipment shifting module, which is located after the mining shaft filling module. The equipment shifting module is used to shift the excavation equipment 3, transportation equipment 5 and waste rock disposal equipment 6 from the outside of the terminal end of the mining shaft 4 along the arrangement direction of all mining sections 2 to the next mining section.

[0120] It should be noted that the filling mining system may also include a control system module, which transmits signals through the cable 8 to facilitate the operator to remotely control the operating status of the excavation equipment 3, the transportation equipment 5 and the waste disposal equipment 6.

[0121] In the description of the present invention, it is to be understood that the terms “center”, “longitudinal”, “lateral”, “length”, “width”, “thickness”, “up”, “down”, “front”, “back”, “left”, “right”, “vertical”, “horizontal”, “top”, “bottom”, “inside”, “outside”, “clockwise”, “counterclockwise”, “axial”, “radial”, “circumferential”, etc., indicating orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings, are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the referred device or element must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be understood as limiting the present invention.

[0122] In addition, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be understood as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of the indicated technical features. Therefore, the features defined as "first" and "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one of the features. In the description of the present invention, the meaning of "plurality" is at least two, such as two, three, etc., unless otherwise clearly and specifically defined.

[0123] In the present invention, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, the terms "installed", "connected", "connected", "fixed" and the like should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral one; it can be a mechanical connection, an electrical connection, or communication with each other; it can be a direct connection, or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium, it can be the internal connection of two elements or the interaction relationship between two elements, unless otherwise clearly defined. For ordinary technicians in this field, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood according to specific circumstances.

[0124] In the present invention, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, a first feature being "above" or "below" a second feature may mean that the first and second features are in direct contact, or the first and second features are in indirect contact through an intermediate medium. Moreover, a first feature being "above", "above" or "above" a second feature may mean that the first feature is directly above or obliquely above the second feature, or simply means that the first feature is higher in level than the second feature. A first feature being "below", "below" or "below" a second feature may mean that the first feature is directly below or obliquely below the second feature, or simply means that the first feature is lower in level than the second feature.

[0125] In the present invention, the terms "one embodiment", "some embodiments", "example", "specific example", or "some examples" etc. mean that the specific features, structures, materials or characteristics described in conjunction with the embodiment or example are included in at least one embodiment or example of the present invention. In this specification, the schematic representations of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Moreover, the described specific features, structures, materials or characteristics may be combined in any one or more embodiments or examples in a suitable manner. In addition, those skilled in the art may combine and combine the different embodiments or examples described in this specification and the features of the different embodiments or examples, without contradiction.

[0126] Although the embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described above, it is to be understood that the above embodiments are exemplary and are not to be construed as limitations of the present invention. A person skilled in the art may change, modify, replace and vary the above embodiments within the scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for mining open-pit mine side coal filling, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: Mining section division: the side coal pressure area between the first mining area and the second mining area is divided into a plurality of mining sections arranged in sequence; Coal mining, the tunneling equipment mines the mining section to form a mining tunnel connecting the first mining area and the second mining area, and the transportation equipment gradually extends from the opening end of the mining tunnel toward the terminal end and transports the mined coal out of the mining tunnel; Equipment switching, moving the excavation equipment out of the final hole end of the mining tunnel, and allowing the waste rock dumping equipment to enter from the opening end of the mining tunnel; The mine is filled, the waste rock dumping equipment dumps waste rock along the mine, the transportation equipment transports waste rock to the waste rock dumping equipment and gradually withdraws from the terminal end of the mine, and the filling is completed when the waste rock dumping equipment and the transportation equipment move out of the terminal end of the mine; Equipment shifting, the excavation equipment, the transportation equipment and the waste rock dumping equipment are all shifted from the outside of the terminal hole of the mining tunnel to the next mining section along the arrangement direction of all mining sections; The equipment shifting, coal mining, equipment switching and mining tunnel filling operations are repeated until the reciprocating mining and filling of all mining sections are completed.

2. The open-pit mine side coal filling mining method according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The transport equipment is provided with a ventilation pipe, the length of which is greater than the length of the mining tunnel, and the steps of the coal mining operation also include: For mining ventilation, the first end of the ventilation pipe is arranged outside the opening end of the mining tunnel and connected to an external fan, and the second end of the ventilation pipe is extended to the head of the mining tunnel to form a first ventilation airflow.

3. The open-pit mine side coal filling mining method according to claim 2 is characterized in that: The step of the mining and filling operation also includes: Filling ventilation, the second end of the ventilation pipe is arranged outside the terminal end of the mining tunnel and connected to an external fan, so that the first end of the ventilation pipe extends to the waste rock throwing equipment to form a second ventilation airflow.

4. The open-pit mine side coal filling mining method according to claim 1 is characterized in that: It also includes a cable, the length of which is greater than the length of the mining tunnel, and the steps of the coal mining operation also include: Mining wiring, the first end of the cable is laid outside the opening end of the mining tunnel and connected to the external power equipment and control system, and the second end of the cable is connected to the excavation equipment to control the working condition of the excavation equipment.

5. The open-pit mine side coal filling mining method according to claim 4 is characterized in that: The step of the mining and filling operation also includes: Filling wiring, the second end of the cable is arranged outside the terminal end of the mining tunnel and connected to the external power equipment and control system, and the first end of the cable is connected to the waste rock throwing equipment to control the working condition of the waste rock throwing equipment.

6. The open-pit mine side coal filling mining method according to claim 1, characterized in that: There are at least two transporting devices, among which, when one of the transporting devices and the waste rock dumping device are performing the mine filling operation, the other transporting device and the tunneling device are performing the coal mining operation on the next mining section.

7. The open-pit mine side coal filling mining method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The step of the tunnel filling operation also includes constructing a first filling retaining wall at the opening end of the tunnel.

8. The open-pit mine side coal filling mining method according to claim 7 is characterized in that: The step of the tunnel filling operation also includes constructing a second filling retaining wall at the terminal end of the tunnel.

9. An open-pit mine side coal filling mining system, characterized in that: Used to implement the mining method according to any one of claims 1 to 8, the system comprises a mining section division module, a coal mining module, an equipment switching module and a mining tunnel filling module, wherein: The mining section division module is used to divide the side coal compression area between the first mining area and the second mining area into a plurality of mining sections arranged in sequence; The coal mining module is used for the tunneling equipment to mine the mining section to connect the first mining area and the second mining area, and the transportation equipment gradually extends from the opening end of the mining section toward the terminal end and transports the mined coal out of the mining section; The equipment switching module is used to move the excavation equipment out of the final hole end of the mining tunnel and allow the waste rock dumping equipment to enter from the opening end of the mining tunnel; The mining tunnel filling module is used for the waste rock dumping equipment to scatter waste rock along the mining tunnel, the transportation equipment transports waste rock to the waste rock dumping equipment and gradually withdraws from the terminal end of the mining tunnel, and the filling is completed when the waste rock dumping equipment and the transportation equipment move out of the terminal end of the mining tunnel.

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