Hydrogen blending and transportation monitoring system for oil and gas reservoir type hydrogen storage and use method thereof

Abstract

The present invention provides a hydrogen blending and transportation monitoring system for an oil and gas reservoir type hydrogen storage depot and a method for using the system, which belongs to the technical field of underground hydrogen storage and includes a human-computer interaction module, a data processing module, a data acquisition device, and a gas injection compressor, wherein the data acquisition device includes a pressure sensor arranged in a downhole casing, the data processing module includes a single-chip microcomputer arranged on the surface, the human-computer interaction module includes a host computer arranged in a central control room, the data acquisition device and the gas injection compressor are both electrically connected to the data processing module, and the data processing module is electrically connected to the human-computer interaction module; the monitoring system in the present invention is a real-time monitoring system that can quickly detect the hydrogen pressure and notify the user through the host computer, and has the characteristics of high precision, strong anti-interference ability, excellent stability, etc. At the same time, combined with the gas injection compressor, the gas injection amount can be adjusted according to the actual data of on-site monitoring before and after gas injection.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of underground hydrogen storage, and in particular to a hydrogen blending and transportation monitoring system for an oil and gas reservoir type hydrogen storage depot and a use method thereof. Background Art

[0002] In order to cope with climate change, it is necessary to accelerate energy transformation and significantly increase the proportion of renewable energy in the energy system. Developing underground hydrogen storage technology is an effective way to overcome the volatility and intermittency of renewable energy. Since hydrogen has a low density and is easy to diffuse, hydrogen mixing increases the risk of gas leakage and combustion and explosion, and as the hydrogen mixing pressure increases, the degree of danger gradually increases. Monitoring is very important for assessing and managing the risks of hydrogen storage in oil and gas reservoirs.

[0003] Therefore, it is necessary to establish a real-time monitoring system based on the actual formation conditions to monitor the pressure of hydrogen in real time to ensure the integrity of the storage infrastructure, detect early signs of gas leakage and reduce the possibility of hydrogen explosion. Summary of the invention

[0004] In view of this, the present invention proposes a hydrogen blending and transportation monitoring system for oil and gas reservoir-type hydrogen storage and a method of using the system, which is combined with a signal amplification circuit module to quickly identify excessive hydrogen concentrations and notify the user of the real-time monitoring system through a host computer.

[0005] The technical solution adopted by the present invention to solve the above-mentioned problem is a hydrogen blending and transportation monitoring system for oil and gas reservoir-type hydrogen storage depots, including a human-computer interaction module, a data processing module, a data acquisition device, and a gas injection compressor, wherein the data acquisition device includes a pressure sensor arranged in a downhole casing, the data processing module includes a single-chip microcomputer arranged on the surface, the human-computer interaction module includes a host computer arranged in a central control room, the data acquisition device and the gas injection compressor are both electrically connected to the data processing module, and the data processing module is electrically connected to the human-computer interaction module.

[0006] In addition, the present invention also provides a method for using a hydrogen blending and transportation monitoring system for an oil and gas reservoir type hydrogen storage depot, comprising the following steps:

[0007] Step S1: According to the daily cumulative gas injection volume data of the hydrogen storage reservoir during the gas injection time, an empirical formula for the daily cumulative gas injection volume changing with time is obtained, and the relationship between the daily cumulative gas injection volume and the gas injection time is obtained, wherein the relationship between the daily cumulative gas injection volume and the time is shown in formula (1):

[0008] ξq N =ab / t (1)

[0009] In formula (1), ξq N is the daily cumulative gas injection volume, a is the slope of the linear equation corresponding to the formula, b is the equation coefficient, and t is the gas injection time;

[0010] Step S2: Collect the inlet pressure data of the gas injection compressor, and set the upper and lower limits of the hydrogen pressure in the data processing module, and then calculate the power range of the gas injection compressor according to the upper and lower limits of the hydrogen pressure, wherein the inlet pressure of the gas injection compressor is calculated by the bottom hole flow pressure, as shown in formula (2):

[0011]

[0012] In formula (2), P i is the inlet pressure of the gas injection compressor, P wf is the bottom hole pressure, S is the skin coefficient, r w is the wellbore radius, F is the wellbore friction coefficient, Q is the compressor exhaust volume during air intake, is the average temperature of the gas in the wellbore, is the average compression factor of gas in the wellbore;

[0013] The power range of the gas injection compressor is obtained by substituting the upper and lower limits of the hydrogen pressure into the gas injection compressor power calculation formula, where the gas injection compressor power calculation formula is shown in formula (3):

[0014]

[0015] In formula (3), W is the compressor power, ξq N is the daily cumulative gas injection volume, P i is the inlet pressure of the gas injection compressor, γ is the gas specific heat ratio, Z i The gas compression coefficient at the compressor inlet, Z o is the gas compression coefficient when the compressor is exhausted, η is the compressor efficiency, and ε is the compression ratio;

[0016] Among them, the daily cumulative gas injection volume corresponding to the time period for collecting the intake pressure data of the gas injection compressor is obtained by formula (1);

[0017] Step S3: The data acquisition device collects real-time gas pressure data and transmits it to the data processing module for judgment. When the data of the air injection compressor inlet pressure collected by the pressure sensor exceeds the upper and lower limits of the hydrogen pressure, the data processing module controls and adjusts the air injection compressor power to be within the air injection compressor power range, so that the air injection compressor inlet pressure is restored to the upper and lower limits of the hydrogen pressure, and returns the whole process information to the human-computer interaction module.

[0018] The specific effects of the present invention are:

[0019] The present invention provides a real-time monitoring system with a single-chip microcomputer module as the core and a signal amplification circuit module, which can quickly detect the hydrogen pressure and notify the user through a host computer. The system is designed in a modular manner and has the characteristics of high precision, strong anti-interference ability, excellent stability, etc. At the same time, combined with a gas injection compressor, the gas injection volume can be adjusted according to the actual data of on-site monitoring before and after gas injection; based on the obtained dynamic reserves and actual pressure data, the entire monitoring system has theoretical support, which is convenient for making corresponding data settings according to actual conditions when external factors change. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0020] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings required for use in the embodiments are briefly introduced below.

[0021] Figure 1 It is a basic structural diagram of the hydrogen blending transportation monitoring system in the present invention;

[0022] Figure 2 It is a dynamic reserve calculation diagram of the cumulative gas injection volume of the hydrogen storage reservoir in the present invention;

[0023] Figure 3 It is a structural diagram of the Wheatstone bridge circuit of the pressure sensor in the present invention;

[0024] Figure 4 It is a circuit structure diagram of the pressure sensor signal amplifier in the present invention;

[0025] Figure 5 This is a circuit diagram of the GPS positioning module in the present invention;

[0026] Figure 6 The buzzer circuit structure diagram of the present invention;

[0027] Figure 7 It is the specific position diagram of each component in the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0028] In order to facilitate those skilled in the art to better understand the present invention, the present invention is further described in detail below in conjunction with embodiments and drawings, but the embodiments of the present invention are not limited thereto.

[0029] Example:

[0030] like Figure 1 , Figure 7As shown, a hydrogen blending and transportation monitoring system for an oil and gas reservoir type hydrogen storage depot includes a human-computer interaction module, a data processing module, a data acquisition device, and a gas injection compressor, wherein the data acquisition device includes a pressure sensor arranged in a downhole casing, the data processing module includes a single-chip microcomputer arranged on the surface, the human-computer interaction module includes a host computer arranged in a central control room, the data acquisition device and the gas injection compressor are both electrically connected to the data processing module, the data processing module is electrically connected to the human-computer interaction module, the data processing module is electrically connected to the human-computer interaction module, the pressure sensor is used to collect pressure data in the downhole casing in real time, the pressure distribution in the casing can be regarded as a uniform distribution, so the pressure data collected by the pressure sensor at a certain position of the casing can be regarded as the pressure of the entire casing, the collected data is sent to the data processing module for processing and then further sent to the host computer to fit a curve graph in real time, and guide the data processing module to guide the gas injection compressor to perform corresponding feedback actions.

[0031] The pressure sensor in this embodiment uses a MEMS piezoresistive pressure sensor, which mainly utilizes the piezoresistive effect of single-crystal silicon materials. When single-crystal silicon materials are subjected to stress, their resistivity changes significantly. This phenomenon is called the piezoresistive effect. Based on the pressure change process and its physical principles, the pressure sensor resistance test equation is derived, and the pressure sensor is designed and selected based on the change of this equation.

[0032] The measurement principle is based on formula (4):

[0033]

[0034] R is the radius of the semiconductor material, π is the piezoresistance coefficient, E is the elastic modulus, and ε is the strain.

[0035] The four sensitive resistors formed by doping in a certain crystal direction form a Wheatstone bridge. Figure 3 When the sensitive film is subjected to a certain pressure, R1 and R4 are stretched, and R2 and R3 are squeezed, which causes the bridge to lose balance, making the output reach the maximum, and the bridge output voltage achieves the purpose of electrical measurement.

[0036] In order to eliminate noise, a pressure sensor with Figure 4 The AD623 instrument amplifier chip of the signal conditioning circuit shown in the figure makes up for the disadvantage that the input impedance is not high and the output impedance cannot be matched, thus causing the signal distortion when the small signal output by the bridge is transmitted to the signal conditioning circuit, compared with the traditional differential input signal amplifier.

[0037] The pressure sensor is also integrated with a positioning module circuit. In this embodiment, a Beidou GPS positioning module with the ATK-1218-BD module as the core is used. The working principle is as follows: Figure 5As shown, since the hydrogen storage depot uses the developed land within a certain area as hydrogen storage, it often has multiple groups of wells as the entrance to the hydrogen storage depot. Therefore, pressure sensors need to be set in the form of multiple groups at the depth of each group of well casings for pressure monitoring. When the module is successfully positioned, the display port connected to the single-chip microcomputer will display the longitude and latitude, UTC date and time and other information of the location where the hydrogen pressure exceeds the set upper limit, which helps to quickly confirm the specific location of the well where the pressure exceeds the standard.

[0038] In addition, based on the conventional method in the prior art, the host computer in the human-computer interaction module can also be provided with the following Figure 6 The buzzer of the circuit module shown prompts the pressure change.

[0039] Furthermore, the method for using the hydrogen blending and transportation monitoring system of the oil and gas reservoir type hydrogen storage tank in this embodiment mainly includes the following steps:

[0040] Step S1: According to the daily cumulative gas injection volume data of the hydrogen storage reservoir during the gas injection time, an empirical formula for the daily cumulative gas injection volume changing with time is obtained, and the relationship between the daily cumulative gas injection volume and the gas injection time is obtained, wherein the relationship between the daily cumulative gas injection volume and the time is shown in formula (1):

[0041] ξqN=ab / t (1)

[0042] In formula (1), ξqN is the daily cumulative gas injection volume, a is the slope of the linear equation corresponding to the formula, b is the equation coefficient, and t is the gas injection time;

[0043] Binomial productivity equation for gas well development:

[0044]

[0045] in:

[0046]

[0047]

[0048] Both ends of formula (5) are divided by q 2 We get formula (8):

[0049]

[0050] The single well production capacity equation of oil and gas reservoir type gas storage is shown in formula (9):

[0051]

[0052] Take the logarithm of both ends of formula (9):

[0053]

[0054] From formula (10), we can get lnq and It presents a linear relationship with a slope of N+2, and the constant coefficient ξ can be obtained by substituting the value of N into formula (6).

[0055] The relationship between the daily cumulative gas injection volume and time is shown in formula (1):

[0056] ξq N =ab / t (1)

[0057] In formulas (5)-(10): a, b are equation coefficients respectively;

[0058] M is the laminar flow coefficient;

[0059] N is the turbulence coefficient;

[0060] p R is the formation pressure, MPa;

[0061] p wf is the bottom hole flowing pressure, MPa;

[0062] μ is gas viscosity, mPa·s;

[0063] Z is the gas compressibility factor;

[0064] p S is the pressure under standard conditions, MPa;

[0065] T S is the temperature under standard conditions, K;

[0066] T is the formation temperature, K;

[0067] S is the skin factor;

[0068] k is the formation permeability, mD;

[0069] h is the formation thickness, m;

[0070] r e is the well control radius, m;

[0071] r w is the wellbore radius, m;

[0072] t is the gas injection time, day;

[0073] q is the gas production.

[0074] The following example gives a method for determining the coefficients a and b of the equation. Specifically, the statistical data of the daily gas injection volume and the daily cumulative gas storage volume of the hydrogen storage reservoir during the gas injection period are collected, and the time range is not less than 30 days. The dynamic reserve G of the hydrogen storage reservoir is calculated using the statistical data. pThe statistical data of daily gas injection volume and daily cumulative gas storage volume of the hydrogen storage reservoir within 30 days are shown in Table 1:

[0075] Table 1 Monthly gas injection statistics of a hydrogen storage depot

[0076]

[0077]

[0078] Based on the above results, we can get the following Figure 2 The calculation diagram of the dynamic reserve of the hydrogen storage reservoir with accumulated gas injection volume is shown in FIG. 1 , and a linear equation is obtained, which is the equation shown in the above formula (1). The slope of the straight line is the equation coefficient a, which is also the dynamic reserve G of the hydrogen storage reservoir. p , the coefficient b of the equation is Figure 2 The intercept on the y-axis in the equation (1) is used to determine the relationship between the daily cumulative gas injection volume and the gas injection time. On this basis, the daily cumulative gas injection volume ξq corresponding to any other time can be obtained using equation (1). N , and used it in the subsequent calculation of the gas injection compressor power.

[0079] Step S2: Collect the inlet pressure data of the gas injection compressor, and set the upper and lower limits of the hydrogen pressure in the data processing module, and then calculate the power range of the gas injection compressor according to the upper and lower limits of the hydrogen pressure, wherein the inlet pressure of the gas injection compressor is calculated by the bottom hole flow pressure, as shown in formula (2):

[0080]

[0081] In formula (2), P i is the inlet pressure of the gas injection compressor, P wf is the bottom hole pressure, S is the skin coefficient, r w is the wellbore radius, F is the wellbore friction coefficient, Q is the compressor exhaust volume during air intake, is the average temperature of the gas in the wellbore, is the average compression factor of gas in the wellbore;

[0082] Among them, the skin coefficient S satisfies formula (11):

[0083]

[0084] In the formula, is the average temperature of the gas in the wellbore, is the average compression factor of gas in the wellbore, γ g is the friction coefficient of the wellbore, H is the well depth, m; H c is the casing depth, m.

[0085] The power range of the gas injection compressor is calculated by substituting the upper and lower limits of the hydrogen pressure into the gas injection compressor power calculation formula. The intake pressure, compression ratio and compressor exhaust volume under intake conditions are the dominant factors affecting the compressor unit power, and the three are proportional. Among them, the compression ratio refers to the ratio of the exhaust pressure to the intake pressure. The compression ratio will change with the intake pressure. The relationship between the compressor intake displacement and power is shown in formula (12):

[0086]

[0087] Q is the exhaust volume of the compressor during intake, P i is the inlet pressure of the gas injection compressor, γ is the gas specific heat ratio, Z i The gas compression coefficient at the compressor inlet, Z o is the gas compression coefficient when the compressor is exhausted, η is the compressor efficiency, and ε is the compression ratio;

[0088] If the compressor injects air for 12 hours a day, the relationship between the daily injection volume and the compressor intake displacement can be obtained as shown in formula (13):

[0089] Q = 7.2 × 10 -2 ξq N (13)

[0090] Substituting formula (13) into (12), the power calculation formula of the gas injection compressor can be obtained as shown in formula (3):

[0091]

[0092] In formula (3), W is the compressor power, ξq N is the daily cumulative gas injection volume, P i is the inlet pressure of the gas injection compressor, γ is the gas specific heat ratio, Z i The gas compression coefficient at the compressor inlet, Z o is the gas compression coefficient when the compressor is exhausted, η is the compressor efficiency, and ε is the compression ratio;

[0093] Step S3: The data acquisition device collects real-time gas pressure data and transmits it to the data processing module for judgment. When the data of the air injection compressor inlet pressure collected by the pressure sensor exceeds the upper and lower limits of the hydrogen pressure, the data processing module controls and adjusts the air injection compressor power to be within the air injection compressor power range, so that the air injection compressor inlet pressure is restored to the upper and lower limits of the hydrogen pressure, and returns the whole process information to the human-computer interaction module, wherein the upper and lower limits of the hydrogen pressure are 5MPa above and below the air injection compressor inlet pressure as the base point.

[0094] The above is only a preferred specific embodiment of the present invention, but the protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any changes or substitutions that can be easily thought of by a person skilled in the art within the technical scope disclosed in the embodiments of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention. Therefore, the protection scope of the present invention should be based on the protection scope of the claims.

Claims

1. A hydrogen blending and transportation monitoring system for oil and gas reservoir type hydrogen storage, characterized in that: It includes a human-computer interaction module, a data processing module, a data acquisition device, and a gas injection compressor, wherein the data acquisition device includes a pressure sensor arranged in a downhole casing, the data processing module includes a single-chip microcomputer arranged on the surface, the human-computer interaction module includes a host computer arranged in a central control room, the data acquisition device and the gas injection compressor are both electrically connected to the data processing module, and the data processing module is electrically connected to the human-computer interaction module; Among them, the pressure sensor is a silicon-based MEMS piezoresistive pressure sensor, on which a positioning module circuit is integrated, which can determine the longitude and latitude of the pressure sensor; The method for using the hydrogen blending and transportation monitoring system for an oil and gas reservoir type hydrogen storage depot comprises the following steps: Step S1: According to the daily cumulative gas injection volume data of the hydrogen storage reservoir during the gas injection time, an empirical formula for the daily cumulative gas injection volume changing with time is obtained, and the relationship between the daily cumulative gas injection volume and the gas injection time is obtained, wherein the relationship between the daily cumulative gas injection volume and the time is shown in formula (1): ξq N =a-b / t (1) In formula (1), ξq N is the daily cumulative gas injection volume, a is the slope of the linear equation corresponding to the formula, b is the equation coefficient, and t is the gas injection time; Step S2: Collect the inlet pressure data of the gas injection compressor, and set the upper and lower limits of the hydrogen pressure in the data processing module, and then calculate the power range of the gas injection compressor according to the upper and lower limits of the hydrogen pressure, wherein the inlet pressure of the gas injection compressor is calculated by the bottom hole flow pressure, as shown in formula (2): In formula (2), P i is the inlet pressure of the gas injection compressor, P wf is the bottom hole pressure, S is the skin coefficient, r w is the wellbore radius, F is the wellbore friction coefficient, Q is the compressor exhaust volume during air intake, is the average temperature of the gas in the wellbore, is the average compression factor of gas in the wellbore; The power range of the gas injection compressor is obtained by substituting the upper and lower limits of the hydrogen pressure into the gas injection compressor power calculation formula, where the gas injection compressor power calculation formula is shown in formula (3): In formula (3), W is the compressor power, ξq N is the daily cumulative gas injection volume, P i is the inlet pressure of the gas injection compressor, γ is the gas specific heat ratio, Z i The gas compression coefficient at the compressor inlet, Z o is the gas compression coefficient when the compressor is exhausted, η is the compressor efficiency, and ε is the compression ratio; Among them, the daily cumulative gas injection volume corresponding to the time period for collecting the intake pressure data of the gas injection compressor is obtained by formula (1); Step S3: The data acquisition device collects real-time gas pressure data and transmits it to the data processing module for judgment. When the data of the air injection compressor inlet pressure collected by the pressure sensor exceeds the upper and lower limits of the hydrogen pressure, the data processing module controls and adjusts the air injection compressor power to be within the air injection compressor power range, so that the air injection compressor inlet pressure is restored to the upper and lower limits of the hydrogen pressure, and returns the whole process information to the human-computer interaction module.

2. The hydrogen blending and transportation monitoring system for oil and gas reservoir type hydrogen storage according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The upper and lower limits of the hydrogen pressure are 5 MPa with the inlet pressure of the gas injection compressor as the base point.

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