Water tunnel experimental device

Abstract

The present application relates to a water tunnel experimental device, which includes a gravitational potential energy loading component, a pump pressure loading component, a steady flow exhaust component, a key pipe group, and a pressure regulating component connected in sequence. Among them, the gravitational potential energy loading component includes a water storage tank for storing a liquid medium, the pump pressure loading component includes more than one pump pressure pipe section arranged in parallel, both ends of the pump pressure pipe section are respectively communicated with the water storage tank and the steady flow exhaust component, and a first pumping device is installed on the pump pressure pipe section to accelerate the flow of the liquid medium flowing into the pump pressure pipe section towards the steady flow exhaust component. The key pipe group includes a test section for installing an object to be tested. According to the embodiments of the present application, the overall energy consumption, vibration, and noise during the water tunnel experiment can be significantly reduced, and the risk of cavitation during the ultra-high speed water tunnel experiment can be reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the technical field of hydrodynamic experiments, and particularly to a water tunnel experimental device. Background Art

[0002] In the marine science and technology innovation projects of various countries, one of the key points is to develop new types of underwater ultra-high-speed vehicles. The hydrodynamic design and shape layout of underwater ultra-high-speed vehicles are the basis and key of their overall design, directly affecting the overall performance of the vehicles.

[0003] A water tunnel is a hydrodynamic experimental device and an indispensable experimental platform for studying underwater moving objects. There is currently no clear definition for the distinction of the critical values of water tunnel speeds (medium and low speed / high speed / ultra-high speed). Considering the flow velocity when cavitation is stable and hydrodynamic common sense, it is generally considered that: less than 30 m / s is medium and low speed; 30 m / s to 50 m / s is high speed; greater than 50 m / s is ultra-high speed.

[0004] Currently, high-speed water tunnels and ultra-high-speed water tunnels at home and abroad basically use the pump pressure loading method to provide energy, which has problems such as high energy consumption, large running vibration, and high noise. Especially for ultra-high-speed water tunnels, due to the large pressure difference on both sides of the pump, there is a serious cavitation problem at the pump installation position, affecting the normal progress of water tunnel experiments. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The embodiments of this application provide a water tunnel experimental device, which can significantly reduce the overall energy consumption, vibration, and noise during water tunnel experiments, and reduce the risk of cavitation during ultra-high-speed water tunnel experiments.

[0006] In a first aspect, the embodiments of this application provide a water tunnel experimental device, which includes a gravitational potential energy loading component, a pump pressure loading component, a steady flow exhaust component, a key pipe group, and a pressure regulating component connected in sequence. The gravitational potential energy loading component includes a water storage tank for storing a liquid medium; the pump pressure loading component includes more than one pump pressure pipe section arranged in parallel. The two ends of the pump pressure pipe section are respectively connected to the water storage tank and the steady flow exhaust component, so that the liquid medium in the water storage tank can flow into the pump pressure pipe section under the action of gravitational potential energy. The pump pressure pipe section is equipped with a first pumping device to accelerate the flow of the liquid medium flowing into the pump pressure pipe section towards the steady flow exhaust component; the key pipe group includes a test section for installing the object to be experimented.

[0007] In some embodiments, the water storage tank includes a water storage chamber and a drainage chamber separated by a partition. The pump pressure pipe section is connected to the water storage chamber. The water storage chamber is provided with a liquid inlet for inputting the liquid medium. The partition is installed with multiple groups of solenoid valve groups spaced vertically. Each solenoid valve group includes more than one solenoid valve with the same horizontal height.

[0008] In some embodiments, the gravitational potential energy loading assembly further includes: a water tank for storing a liquid medium; a second pumping device, the input port of the second pumping device is communicated with the inside of the water tank, and the output port of the second pumping device is communicated with the water storage cavity.

[0009] In some embodiments, the output port of the second pumping device is communicated with a first pipeline. One end of the first pipeline away from the second pumping device extends into the water storage cavity through a liquid inlet. One end of the first pipeline extending into the water storage cavity is installed in the water storage cavity through a flexible connector; and / or, the horizontal height of the water tank is lower than the horizontal height of the water storage tank, and the drainage cavity is communicated with the water tank through a second pipeline. The connection position of the second pipeline and the drainage cavity is located at the bottom of the drainage cavity; and / or, a liquid level monitoring device is installed in the water storage cavity, and the liquid level monitoring device is in signal connection with the control unit of the solenoid valve; and / or, a first overflow port is provided at the top of the water storage cavity; and / or, a drainage section is installed at the bottom of the water storage cavity. The pump pressure pipe section is communicated with the water storage cavity through the drainage section, and the drainage section gradually converges along the direction away from the water storage cavity.

[0010] In some embodiments, the gravitational potential energy loading assembly further includes: a filtering device including more than one filter. The output port of the filtering device is communicated with the water storage cavity, and the input port of the filtering device is communicated with the inside of the water tank; a third pumping device installed in the filtering device and / or the water tank for pumping the liquid medium in the water tank to the input port of the filtering device.

[0011] In some embodiments, a stop valve is installed between the filtering device and the water tank and / or between the filtering device and the water storage cavity; and / or, the filtering device includes more than two filters connected in sequence. The input port of the filter close to the water tank is communicated with the water tank, and the output ports of each filter are respectively communicated with the water storage cavity through corresponding pipelines. Stop valves are installed on the pipelines corresponding to the output ports of each filter.

[0012] In some embodiments, the water tunnel experiment device further includes a main pipe section installed between the gravitational potential energy loading assembly and the steady flow exhaust assembly. The pump pressure pipe sections are arranged in parallel with the main pipe section. A first gate valve is installed at the position of the pump pressure pipe section close to the water storage tank and on the main pipe section; and / or, the first pumping device includes a double-suction pump; and / or, a first reducing pipe is installed at the output port of the first pumping device. Along the direction away from the first pumping device, the diameter of the first reducing pipe gradually increases; and / or, at least one of a first check valve and a first bellows is installed at the position of the pump pressure pipe section away from the water storage tank, wherein the first check valve is of a slow-closing structure; and / or, at least one of a second gate valve and a second bellows is installed between the gravitational potential energy loading assembly and the pump pressure loading assembly; and / or, a first pressure control valve is installed between the pump pressure loading assembly and the steady flow exhaust assembly.

[0013] In some embodiments, the steady-flow exhaust assembly includes: a steady-flow device including a steady-flow chamber and a grille, the pump pressure loading assembly and the key pipe group are respectively communicated with the steady-flow chamber, and one or more grilles are arranged at intervals in the steady-flow chamber along the direction away from the pump pressure loading assembly; an exhaust device installed above the steady-flow chamber for exhausting the gas in the steady-flow chamber.

[0014] In some embodiments, the exhaust device includes an exhaust chamber located above the steady-flow chamber, the steady-flow chamber and the exhaust chamber are isolated by a water-proof and air-permeable membrane, and a passive exhaust assembly and / or an active exhaust assembly are installed at the top of the exhaust chamber; the passive exhaust assembly includes a first exhaust valve; the active exhaust assembly includes a vacuum pump, and a second pressure control valve is installed between the top of the exhaust chamber and the vacuum pump.

[0015] In some embodiments, the key pipe group further includes a rectifying section, a converging section and a diverging section. Along the direction away from the steady-flow exhaust assembly, the rectifying section, the converging section, the test section and the diverging section are connected in sequence, and a rectifying assembly is installed in the rectifying section.

[0016] In some embodiments, the rectifying assembly includes a honeycomb device and a damping screen. The damping screen is closer to the test section than the honeycomb device, and one or more damping screens and honeycomb devices are provided along the direction away from the test section; and / or, the cross-section of the test section is rectangular; and / or, pressure sensors are installed at both ends of the converging section and both ends of the diverging section.

[0017] In some embodiments, the pressure regulating assembly includes: a pressure regulating chamber including a first sub-chamber and a movable member, the first sub-chamber is formed by enclosing at least part of the side wall of the movable member and at least part of the inner wall of the pressure regulating chamber, and the liquid inlet of the first sub-chamber is communicated with the key pipe group; a driving device connected to the pressure regulating chamber for driving the movable member to act to adjust the volume of the first sub-chamber; a third pressure control valve installed at the liquid outlet of the first sub-chamber.

[0018] In some embodiments, the pressure regulating chamber further includes a second sub-chamber, the first sub-chamber and the second sub-chamber are isolated by the movable member, the driving device includes an air compressor and a pressure tank, and the air compressor is used to input compressed gas into the pressure tank, and the pressure tank is communicated with the second sub-chamber.

[0019] In some embodiments, the movable member is an inflatable airbag, and the second subchamber is located inside the airbag; and / or, the movable member is sealingly and slidably connected to the pressure regulating chamber, and the first subchamber and the second subchamber are respectively located on both sides of the movable member; and / or, the second subchamber is located above the first subchamber; and / or, the second subchamber is provided with a second exhaust valve, and the installation position of the second exhaust valve in the second subchamber is below the position where the pressure tank communicates with the second subchamber; and / or, a second check valve is installed between the pressure tank and the second subchamber, and the opening direction of the second check valve faces the second subchamber; and / or, a second variable-diameter pipe is installed at the air outlet position of the pressure tank, and the pressure tank is communicated with the second subchamber through the second variable-diameter pipe. Along the direction away from the pressure tank, the diameter of the variable-diameter pipe gradually increases; and / or, a third variable-diameter pipe is installed at the air outlet of the air compressor. Along the direction away from the air compressor, the diameter of the third variable-diameter pipe gradually increases; and / or, the air compressor is communicated with the pressure tank through a bent pipe.

[0020] In some embodiments, the water tunnel experimental device further includes a water circulation component for communicating the pressure regulating component and the gravitational potential energy loading component.

[0021] In some embodiments, the water circulation component includes a water return well and a drain pipe. The stable pressure regulating component is communicated with the top of the water return well, and both ends of the drain pipe are respectively communicated with the bottom of the water return well and the gravitational potential energy loading component; the water return well is provided with a second overflow port, and the position where the water return well communicates with the pressure regulating component and the layout position of the second overflow port are spaced apart from each other at the top of the water return well; at least one end of the drain pipe is installed with a third corrugated pipe and / or a third gate valve.

[0022] In some embodiments, the liquid level pressure of the liquid medium in the water storage tank is P0, and the pressure of the liquid medium at the liquid outlet position of the pressure regulating component is P2, satisfying P0 = P2; the horizontal height of the liquid medium in the test section is h1, and the horizontal height of the liquid medium at the liquid outlet position of the pressure regulating component is h2, satisfying h1 = h2; the horizontal height of the liquid level of the liquid medium in the water storage tank is h0, satisfying 2.5m ≤ h0 - h1; the cross-sectional area of the liquid outlet of the pressure regulating component is S2, and the cross-sectional area of the test section is S1, satisfying S2 = 2 * S1, and 0.02m 2 ≤ S1 ≤ 0.5m 2 ; the cross-sectional area of the water storage tank is S0, satisfying 3.14m 2 ≤ S0 ≤ 19.625m 2 .

[0023] The water tunnel experiment device of the embodiment of the present application includes a gravitational potential energy loading component, a pump pressure loading component, a steady flow exhaust component, a key pipe group, and a pressure regulating component that are connected in sequence. Among them, the gravitational potential energy loading component includes a water storage tank for storing a liquid medium. The pump pressure loading component includes more than one pump pressure pipe section arranged in parallel. The two ends of the pump pressure pipe section are respectively connected to the water storage tank and the steady flow exhaust component. A first pumping device is installed on the pump pressure pipe section to accelerate the flow of the liquid medium flowing into the pump pressure pipe section towards the steady flow exhaust component. The key pipe group includes a test section for installing the object to be tested. Before conducting the water tunnel experiment, it is necessary to first inject a liquid medium into the water storage tank to a preset height. During this process, part of the gas in the pump pressure loading component and the steady flow exhaust component can be discharged through the steady flow exhaust component. During the process of conducting the water tunnel experiment, the liquid medium in the water storage tank flows into the pump pressure pipe section under the action of its own gravitational potential energy; the liquid medium flowing into the pump pressure pipe section is accelerated towards the steady flow exhaust component through the first pumping device to achieve the efficient combined loading of the gravitational potential energy of the liquid medium and the pump pressure of the first pumping device; the liquid medium flowing out of the pump pressure pipe section successively flows through the key pipe group and the pressure regulating component, and the pressure of the liquid medium in the test section is adjusted through the pressure regulating component so that the pressure of the liquid medium in the test section is higher than the preset value, thereby reducing the risk of cavitation occurring during the process of the liquid medium flowing through the test section. The problems such as energy consumption, vibration, and noise during the operation of the water tunnel experiment device are mainly generated by the first pumping device. Generally speaking, the higher the operating power of the first pumping device, the higher the overall energy consumption, vibration, and noise of the water tunnel operating device. By setting the gravitational potential energy loading component, the liquid medium in the water storage tank can flow towards the pump pressure pipe section at a preset flow rate under the action of gravitational potential energy, thereby relatively reducing the pump pressure loading energy required by the first pumping device, that is, relatively reducing the operating power of the first pumping device, and thus significantly reducing the overall energy consumption, vibration, and noise during the water tunnel experiment process. In addition, during the process of ultra-high speed water tunnel experiment, due to the relatively low operating power of the first pumping device, the risk of cavitation at the installation position of the first pumping device can be significantly reduced, thereby ensuring the normal progress of the ultra-high speed water tunnel experiment. Description of the Drawings

[0024] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application, the following will briefly introduce the drawings required to be used in the embodiments of the present application. For those of ordinary skill in the art, other drawings can also be obtained based on these drawings without creative efforts.

[0025] Figure 1 Structural schematic diagram of the water tunnel experiment device provided by some embodiments of the present application;

[0026] Figure 2 Structural schematic diagram of the water storage tank and the water tank provided by some embodiments of the present application;

[0027] Figure 3 Schematic diagram of the pump pressure loading assembly provided by some embodiments of the present application;

[0028] Figure 4 Schematic diagram of the steady flow exhaust assembly provided by some embodiments of the present application;

[0029] Figure 5 Schematic diagram of the key pipe group provided by some embodiments of the present application;

[0030] Figure 6 Schematic diagram of the pressure regulating assembly provided by some embodiments of the present application;

[0031] Figure 7 Schematic diagram of the pressure regulating assembly from another perspective provided by some embodiments of the present application.

[0032] In the figure:

[0033] 1. Gravity potential energy loading assembly; 101. Water storage tank; 1011. Drainage cavity; 1012. Water storage cavity; 1013. Partition board; 102. First pipeline; 103. Fourth pipeline; 104. Second pipeline; 105. Water tank; 106. Filter device; 107. Third pipeline; 108. Solenoid valve; 109. Third pumping device; 110. Second pumping device; 111. Flexible connector; 112. Drainage section; 113. Second gate valve; 114. Second bellows;

[0034] 2. Pump pressure loading assembly; 201. Pump pressure pipe section; 202. First pumping device; 203. Main pipe section; 204. First bellows; 205. First check valve; 206. First reducer; 207. First gate valve; 208. First pressure control valve;

[0035] 3. Steady flow exhaust assembly; 301. Vacuum pump; 302. Second pressure control valve; 303. Exhaust cavity; 304. Water-repellent breathable membrane; 305. Steady flow cavity; 306. Grille; 307. First exhaust valve;

[0036] 4. Key pipe group; 401. Rectifying section; 402. Contraction section; 403. Test section; 404. Diffusion section; 405. Honeycomb device; 406. Damping net; 407. Pressure sensor;

[0037] 5. Pressure regulating assembly; 501. Pressure tank; 502. Air compressor; 503. Pressure regulating chamber; 504. Third pressure control valve; 505. Second check valve; 506. Second reducer; 507. Third reducer; 508. Elbow; 509. Second exhaust valve;

[0038] 6. Recirculating water component; 601. Return well; 602. Third corrugated pipe; 603. Drain pipe; 604. Third gate valve. Detailed implementation manner

[0039] The features and exemplary embodiments of various aspects of the present application will be described in detail below. To make the purpose, technical solutions and advantages of the present application clearer, the following further describes the present application in detail in combination with the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are only intended to explain the present application, rather than limiting the present application. For those skilled in the art, the present application can be implemented without some of these specific details. The following description of the embodiments is only to provide a better understanding of the present application by showing examples of the present application.

[0040] It should be noted that in this article, relational terms such as first and second are only used to distinguish one entity or operation from another entity or operation, and do not necessarily require or imply any actual relationship or order between these entities or operations. Moreover, the term "comprising", "including" or any other variant thereof is intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, so that a process, method, article or device including a series of elements not only includes those elements, but also includes other elements not expressly listed, or also includes elements inherent to such process, method, article or device. Without further limitation, the elements defined by the statement "including..." do not exclude the existence of additional identical elements in the process, method, article or device including the said elements.

[0041] A water tunnel is a hydrodynamic experimental device and an indispensable experimental platform for studying underwater moving bodies. At present, there is no clear definition for the distinction of the critical values of water tunnel speeds (low / medium / high speeds). Considering the flow velocity when cavitation is stable and hydrodynamic common sense, it is generally considered that: less than 30 m / s is low / medium speed; 30 m / s to 50 m / s is high speed; greater than 50 m / s is ultra-high speed.

[0042] It has been found through research that currently, high-speed and ultra-high-speed water tunnels at home and abroad basically use the pump pressure loading method to provide energy, which has problems such as high energy consumption, large running vibration and high noise. Especially for ultra-high-speed water tunnels, due to the large pressure difference on both sides of the pump, there is a serious cavitation problem at the pump installation position, which affects the normal progress of water tunnel experiments.

[0043] To solve the problems of the existing technology, the embodiments of the present application provide a water tunnel experimental device. The following is a detailed introduction in combination with the accompanying drawings.

[0044] Figure 1 Structural schematic diagram of the water tunnel experimental device provided by some embodiments of the present application; Figure 2Schematic structural diagram of the water storage tank and the water tank provided by some embodiments of the present application; Figure 3 Schematic structural diagram of the pump pressure loading component provided by some embodiments of the present application.

[0045] Please refer to Figures 1 to 3 , an embodiment of the present application provides a water tunnel experiment device, which includes a gravitational potential energy loading component 1, a pump pressure loading component 2, a steady flow exhaust component 3, a key pipe group 4, and a pressure regulating component 5 connected in sequence. The gravitational potential energy loading component 1 includes a water storage tank 101 for storing a liquid medium, where the liquid medium can be water. The pump pressure loading component 2 includes more than one pump pressure pipe segment 201 arranged in parallel. The two ends of the pump pressure pipe segment 201 are respectively connected to the water storage tank 101 and the steady flow exhaust component 3, so that the liquid medium in the water storage tank 101 can flow into the pump pressure pipe segment 201 under the action of gravitational potential energy. The pump pressure pipe segment 201 is equipped with a first pumping device 202 to accelerate the liquid medium flowing into the pump pressure pipe segment 201 to flow towards the steady flow exhaust component 3. Among them, the first pumping device 202 can be a pumping device such as an axial flow pump or a centrifugal pump. The key pipe group 4 includes a test section 403 for installing the object to be tested. Among them, the object to be tested can be a small-sized underwater ultra-high-speed vehicle, a scaled-down model of an underwater vehicle, and a local structure of an underwater vehicle (such as a hydrofoil) and other objects that need to conduct water tunnel experiments.

[0046] Before conducting the water tunnel experiment, it is necessary to first inject the liquid medium into the water storage tank 101 to a preset height. During this process, part of the gas in the pump pressure loading component 2 and the steady flow exhaust component 3 can be discharged through the steady flow exhaust component 3. During the process of conducting the water tunnel experiment, the liquid medium in the water storage tank 101 flows into the pump pressure pipe segment 201 under the action of its own gravitational potential energy; the liquid medium flowing into the pump pressure pipe segment 201 is accelerated by the first pumping device 202 to flow towards the steady flow exhaust component 3 to achieve the efficient combined loading of the gravitational potential energy of the liquid medium and the pump pressure of the first pumping device 202; the liquid medium flowing out of the pump pressure pipe segment 201 flows through the key pipe group 4 and the pressure regulating component 5 in sequence, and the pressure of the liquid medium in the test section 403 is adjusted through the pressure regulating component 5, so that the pressure of the liquid medium in the test section 403 is higher than the preset value, thereby reducing the risk of cavitation during the process of the liquid medium flowing through the test section 403.

[0047] It should be noted that when the pressure of the liquid medium in the test section 403 is too low, cavitation is likely to occur when the liquid medium flowing through the test section 403 contacts the object to be tested. During the cavitation process, cavitation bubbles rapidly generate, expand, and collapse, forming shock waves or high-speed microjets in the liquid and impacting the object to be tested. That is to say, the cavitation phenomenon in the test section 403 will generate noise, vibration, and cause deformation and material erosion on the surface of the object to be tested, affecting the normal operation of the water tunnel experiment. Generally speaking, when the pressure of the liquid medium in the test section 403 is above 3 kPa, the risk of cavitation occurring during the process of the liquid medium flowing through the test section 403 can be significantly reduced. Therefore, in some embodiments, the preset value of the pressure of the liquid medium in the test section 403 can be 3 kPa or greater than 3 kPa.

[0048] Problems such as energy consumption, vibration, and noise during the operation of the water tunnel experimental device are mainly generated by the first pumping device 202. Generally speaking, the higher the operating power of the first pumping device 202, the higher the overall energy consumption, vibration, and noise of the water tunnel operating device. By setting the gravitational potential energy loading component 1, the liquid medium in the water storage tank 101 can flow into the pump pressure pipe section 201 at a preset flow rate under the action of gravitational potential energy, thereby relatively reducing the pump pressure loading energy required by the first pumping device 202. That is to say, the operating power of the first pumping device 202 can be relatively reduced, thus significantly reducing the overall energy consumption, vibration, and noise during the water tunnel experiment. In addition, during the ultra-high-speed water tunnel experiment, since the operating power of the first pumping device 202 is relatively low, the risk of cavitation occurring at the installation position of the first pumping device 202 can be significantly reduced, thereby ensuring the normal progress of the ultra-high-speed water tunnel experiment.

[0049] As Figure 2 shown, in some embodiments, the water storage tank 101 includes a water storage chamber 1012 and a drainage chamber 1011 separated by a partition 1013. The pump pressure pipe section 201 is connected to the water storage chamber 1012. The water storage chamber 1012 is provided with a liquid inlet for inputting the liquid medium, and the liquid medium in the water storage chamber 1012 can flow into the pump pressure pipe section 201 under the action of gravitational potential energy; the partition 1013 is equipped with multiple groups of solenoid valve groups spaced apart in the vertical direction. Each solenoid valve group includes one or more solenoid valves 108 with the same horizontal height. It should be noted that the vertical direction refers to the direction parallel to gravity, that is, the direction perpendicular to the ground plane on which the water tunnel experimental device is placed; the horizontal height of each component of the water tunnel experimental device refers to the distance from the corresponding component to the ground plane on which the water tunnel experimental device is placed; the liquid level height of the liquid medium in the water storage chamber 1012 refers to the distance from the liquid surface of the liquid medium in the water storage chamber 1012 to the ground plane on which the water tunnel experimental device is placed.

[0050] When the solenoid valves included in a certain solenoid valve group are in the closed state, the liquid level height of the liquid medium input into the water storage cavity 1012 through the liquid inlet can be higher than the horizontal height of the corresponding solenoid valve group; when the solenoid valves included in a certain solenoid valve group are in the open state, if the liquid level height of the liquid medium input into the water storage cavity 1012 through the liquid inlet is higher than the horizontal height of the corresponding solenoid valve group, the liquid medium higher than the corresponding solenoid valve group can flow through the corresponding solenoid valve into the drainage cavity 1011. That is to say, by controlling the opening and closing of the corresponding solenoid valve group, it can be ensured that the liquid level height of the liquid medium in the water storage cavity 1012 does not exceed the corresponding preset range. The staff can, according to specific experimental requirements, control the opening and closing of different solenoid valve groups to adjust the magnitude of the gravitational potential energy loaded by the liquid medium in the water storage cavity 1012.

[0051] As Figure 2 shown, in some embodiments, one of the water storage cavity 1012 and the drainage cavity 1011 is cylindrical, and the other is arranged around the circumference of the above-mentioned one. The water storage cavity 1012 and the drainage cavity 1011 are separated by an annular partition 1013. Specifically, in this embodiment, the water storage cavity 1012 is cylindrical, and the drainage cavity 1011 is arranged around the circumference of the water storage cavity 1012. Since the partition 1013 is annular, the number of solenoid valves that can be arranged in each solenoid valve group is relatively large. When a certain solenoid valve group is in the open state, the liquid medium in the water storage cavity 1012 higher than the corresponding solenoid valve group can flow into the drainage cavity 1011 more quickly through the corresponding solenoid valve, and thus the liquid level height of the liquid medium in the water storage cavity 1012 can be adjusted to the corresponding preset range relatively quickly. In other embodiments, the water storage cavity 1012 and the drainage cavity 1011 can also be set to other shapes, such as rectangular parallelepiped, etc., and are separated by the corresponding partition 1013.

[0052] As Figure 2As shown, in some embodiments, the gravitational potential energy loading assembly 1 further includes a water tank 105 and a second pumping device 110. The water tank 105 is used to store a liquid medium. The input port of the second pumping device 110 communicates with the inside of the water tank 105, and the output port of the second pumping device 110 communicates with the water storage cavity 1012. Among them, the second pumping device 110 can be a submersible pump or other pumping devices. Before conducting the water tunnel experiment, the second pumping device 110 can pump the liquid medium in the water tank 105 into the water storage cavity 1012, so that the liquid level height of the liquid medium in the water storage cavity 1012 reaches a preset range. During the water tunnel experiment, although the liquid medium in the water storage cavity 1012 will flow to the pump pressure pipe section 201, the second pumping device 110 can continuously pump the liquid medium in the water tank 105 into the water storage cavity 1012 to keep the liquid level height of the water storage cavity 1012 always within the preset range, thereby ensuring that the loading energy of the gravitational potential energy loading assembly 1 to the test section 403 always remains within the range required by the experiment. In addition, the second pumping device 110 cooperates with the solenoid valve group, which can further ensure that the liquid level height of the water storage cavity 1012 remains within the preset range, thereby ensuring that the gravitational potential energy loaded from the water storage cavity 1012 to the test section 403 is more constant, making the water tunnel experimental device have higher operating stability.

[0053] As Figure 2 shown, in some embodiments, the output port of the second pumping device 110 is connected to a first pipeline 102. One end of the first pipeline 102 far from the second pumping device 110 extends into the water storage cavity 1012 through the liquid inlet. One end of the first pipeline 102 extending into the water storage cavity 1012 is installed in the water storage cavity 1012 through a flexible connector 111. Among them, the flexible connector 111 at least includes a flexible part with a certain flexibility and bendability. Further, the flexible connector 111 includes a flexible part and rigid connection parts provided at both ends of the flexible part. The two rigid connection parts are respectively used to connect to the first pipeline 102 and the water storage cavity 1012. Specifically, a bellows can be selected as the flexible part. By providing the flexible connector 111, during the process of assembling the first pipeline 102 into the water storage cavity 1012, a large assembly error is allowed, thereby improving the assembly efficiency of the first pipeline 102 and the water storage cavity 1012.

[0054] In some embodiments, the flexible connector 111 can be connected to the first pipeline 102, and a plurality of water passing holes are provided on the circumferential side of the flexible connector 111; and / or a plurality of water passing holes are provided on the circumferential side of a part of the first pipeline 102 extending into the water storage cavity 1012, so that the liquid medium in the first pipeline 102 can flow smoothly into the water storage cavity 1012 through the water passing holes.

[0055] As Figure 1 and Figure 2As described above, in some embodiments, the horizontal height of the water tank 105 is lower than that of the water storage tank 101. The drainage cavity 1011 is connected to the water tank 105 through the second pipeline 104, and the connection position of the second pipeline 104 and the drainage cavity 1011 is located at the bottom of the drainage cavity 1011. It can be understood that the horizontal height of the water tank 105 being lower than that of the water storage tank 101 means that the horizontal height of the top side of the water tank 105 is lower than the horizontal height of the bottom side of the water storage tank 101. On the one hand, the liquid medium in the drainage cavity 1011 can flow into the water tank 105 through the second pipeline 104 under the action of its own gravity, which can prevent the liquid medium in the water storage cavity 1012 from flowing smoothly into the drainage cavity 1011 due to excessive accumulation of the liquid medium in the drainage cavity 1011. On the other hand, during the water tunnel experiment, if the liquid medium in the water storage cavity 1012 decreases due to flowing to the test section 403, the liquid medium flowing from the drainage cavity 1011 into the water tank 105 can be pumped back into the water storage cavity 1012 by the second pumping device 110 again, so that the recycling of the liquid medium can be realized to a certain extent.

[0056] In some embodiments, a liquid level monitoring device is installed in the water storage cavity 1012, and the liquid level monitoring device is signal-connected to the control unit of the solenoid valve. The control unit of the solenoid valve can adjust the opening state of the corresponding solenoid valve according to the liquid level height information monitored by the liquid level monitoring device. It can be understood that the liquid level monitoring device can be a radar liquid level gauge, an ultrasonic liquid level gauge, a pressure type liquid level gauge or a float type liquid level gauge, etc. Specifically, in this embodiment, the radar liquid level gauge installed at the inner top of the water storage cavity 1012 is used as the liquid level monitoring device, which can achieve relatively high detection accuracy.

[0057] The present application also provides a valve control method for adaptive water level, which is used for the above-mentioned gravitational potential energy loading component 1, and includes the following steps: inputting a liquid medium into the water storage cavity 1012 at a certain speed through the liquid inlet of the water storage cavity 1012, and at the same time, the radar liquid level gauge measures the current liquid level height of the liquid medium through acoustic signal reflection; the radar liquid level gauge transmits the detected current liquid level height information of the liquid medium to the control unit of the solenoid valve; inputting the target liquid level height into the control unit of the solenoid valve; comparing the difference between the current liquid level height of the liquid medium and the target liquid level height by the control unit of the solenoid valve, and calculating the valve opening size and the number of opened and closed solenoid valves according to the above difference; the control unit of the solenoid valve outputs a control amount of the corresponding solenoid valve opening size to the driver of each solenoid valve; the solenoid valve driver drives and controls the corresponding solenoid valve to act according to the signal input by the control unit.

[0058] In some embodiments, a first overflow port is provided at the top of the water storage cavity 1012, which can prevent accidental overfilling of the liquid medium in the water storage cavity 1012 and cause damage to the water storage cavity 1012. Additionally, since the first overflow port can connect the internal space of the water storage cavity 1012 with the external atmosphere, the pressure at the liquid medium level in the water storage cavity 1012 is the atmospheric pressure, which facilitates the staff to calculate the flow velocity and pressure at the position of the test section 403 through the Bernoulli equation and the continuity equation.

[0059] As Figure 2 shown, in some embodiments, a drainage section 112 is installed at the bottom of the water storage cavity 1012. The pump pressure pipe section 201 is connected to the water storage cavity 1012 through the drainage section 112. Along the direction away from the water storage cavity 1012, the drainage section 112 gradually converges, which can relatively reduce the impact force generated on the pump pressure pipe section 201 during the process of the liquid medium flowing from the water storage cavity 1012 into the pump pressure pipe section 201, and improve the operation stability of the water tunnel experimental device.

[0060] In some embodiments, the gravitational potential energy loading assembly 1 further includes a filtering device 106 and a third pumping device 109. The filtering device 106 includes more than one filter. The output port of the filtering device 106 is connected to the water storage cavity 1012, and the input port of the filtering device 106 is connected to the water tank 105. Specifically, in this embodiment, the output port of the filtering device 106 is connected to the water storage cavity 1012 through a fourth pipeline 103, and the input port of the filtering device 106 is connected to the water storage cavity 1012 through a third pipeline 107. The third pumping device 109 is installed in the filtering device 106 and / or the water tank 105 and is used to pump the liquid medium in the water tank 105 to the input port of the filtering device 106. Among them, the third pumping device 109 can be a submersible pump or other pumping devices. Under the action of the third pumping device 109, the liquid medium in the water tank 105 can enter the water storage cavity 1012 after passing through the third pipeline 107, the filtering device 106, and the fourth pipeline 103 in sequence. By setting the filtering device 106, the quality of the liquid medium entering the water storage cavity 1012 can be improved, and the normal progress of the water tunnel experiment can be avoided from being affected due to excessive impurities in the liquid medium.

[0061] In some embodiments, a stop valve is installed between the filtering device 106 and the water tank 105 and / or between the filtering device 106 and the water storage chamber 1012. Before the water tunnel test, the second pumping device 110 is turned off, and the above stop valve, the third pumping device 109 and the corresponding electromagnetic valve group are turned on, so that the liquid medium in the water storage chamber 1012 and the water tank 105 can circulate through the drainage chamber 1011, the second pipeline 104 and the filtering device 106, thereby being able to more thoroughly improve the quality of the liquid medium in the water tank 105 and the water storage chamber 1012; during the water tunnel experiment, the above stop valve and the third pumping device 109 are turned off, and the second pumping device 110 is turned on, so that the filtered liquid medium in the water tank 105 can continuously enter the water storage chamber 1012 through the first pipeline 102. Since it is no longer necessary to pass through the filtering device 106, the flow resistance of the liquid medium in the water tank 105 during the process of being transported to the water storage chamber 1012 is relatively small, and the overall energy consumption of the water tunnel experimental device can be reduced.

[0062] In some embodiments, the filtering device 106 includes two or more filters connected in sequence. The input port of the filter close to the water tank 105 is communicated with the water tank 105, and the output ports of each filter are respectively communicated with the water storage chamber 1012 through corresponding pipelines. Stop valves are installed on the pipelines corresponding to the output ports of each filter. Specifically, in this embodiment, the input port of the filter close to the water tank 105 is communicated with the water tank 105 through the third pipeline 107; the output ports of each filter are respectively communicated with the fourth pipeline 103 through corresponding pipelines and are communicated with the water storage chamber 1012 through the fourth pipeline 103. By adjusting the opening and closing of the above stop valve, the number of working filters can be controlled, so that the staff can adjust the number of filters put into the filtering work according to the pollution degree of the liquid medium, while ensuring the filtering effect, the energy consumption is relatively low.

[0063] Such as Figure 1 And Figure 3As shown, in some embodiments, the water tunnel experimental device further includes a main pipe section 203 installed between the gravitational potential energy loading component 1 and the steady flow exhaust component 3. The pump pressure pipe sections 201 are arranged in parallel with the main pipe section 203. A first gate valve 207 is installed at the position of the pump pressure pipe section 201 close to the water storage tank 101 and at the main pipe section 203. When the first gate valve 207 corresponding to the main pipe section 203 is in the closed state and the first gate valve 207 corresponding to the pump pressure pipe section 201 is in the open state, the water tunnel experimental device is in the combined loading condition of gravitational potential energy and pump pressure; when the first gate valve 207 corresponding to the main pipe section 203 is in the open state and the first gate valve 207 corresponding to the pump pressure pipe section 201 is in the closed state, the water tunnel experimental device is in the gravitational potential energy only loading condition. The staff can select one of the working conditions according to the experimental requirements. It can be understood that, on the premise of meeting the experimental requirements, the gravitational potential energy only loading condition can be preferentially selected. Since the first pumping device 202 is in the closed state, the overall energy consumption, vibration and noise of the water tunnel experimental device are relatively low.

[0064] In some embodiments, the first pumping device 202 includes a double-suction pump, which has the characteristics of large flow rate and high head and can provide relatively high pump pressure loading energy.

[0065] As Figure 3 shown, in some embodiments, a first reducing pipe 206 is installed at the outlet of the first pumping device 202. Along the direction away from the first pumping device 202, the diameter of the first reducing pipe 206 gradually increases, which can relatively reduce the flow velocity of the liquid medium output from the outlet of the first pumping device 202 and reduce the turbulence intensity.

[0066] As Figure 3 shown, in some embodiments, at least one of a first check valve 205 and a first bellows 204 is installed at the position of the pump pressure pipe section 201 away from the water storage tank 101. Among them, the first check valve 205 is a slow-closing structure, that is to say, the first check valve 205 is specifically a slow-closing check valve. Specifically, in this embodiment, a slow-closing check valve and a first bellows 204 are installed at intervals at the position of the pump pressure pipe section 201 away from the water storage tank 101. During the process of starting the first pumping device 202, as the pump volume of the first pumping device 202 gradually increases, the opening of the slow-closing check valve gradually becomes larger, which can avoid a large impact on the first pumping device 202 caused by the backflow water; during the process of closing the first pumping device 202, the opening of the slow-closing check valve gradually becomes smaller, which can avoid a large impact on the first pumping device 202 caused by the rapid action of the slow-closing check valve. By setting the first bellows 204, the vibration generated during the operation of the first pumping device 202 can be filtered, and further the noise generated by the above vibration can be reduced and the influence of the above vibration on the test section 403 can be reduced.

[0067] As Figures 1 to 3 shown, in some embodiments, at least one of a second gate valve 113 and a second bellows 114 is installed between the gravitational potential energy loading assembly 1 and the pump pressure loading assembly 2. Specifically, in this embodiment, the second gate valve 113 and the second bellows 114 are installed between the gravitational potential energy loading assembly 1 and the pump pressure loading assembly 2 at intervals. After the second gate valve 113 is closed, the second gate valve 113 can block the liquid medium in the water storage cavity 1012 from flowing to parts such as the pump pressure loading assembly 2 and the steady flow exhaust assembly 3, facilitating maintenance of the water tunnel experimental device by the staff. By providing the second bellows 114, the vibration generated during the process of the liquid medium flowing from the water storage cavity 1012 to the pump pressure loading assembly 2 can be filtered, thereby reducing the noise generated by the above vibration and reducing the influence of the above vibration on the test section 403.

[0068] As Figure 1 and Figure 3 shown, in some embodiments, a first pressure control valve 208 is installed between the pump pressure loading assembly 2 and the steady flow exhaust assembly 3. By adjusting the opening degree of the first pressure control valve 208, the rough adjustment of the pressure of the liquid medium in the test section 403 can be realized, thereby improving the adjustment efficiency of the pressure of the liquid medium in the test section 403.

[0069] Figure 4 FIG. 14 is a schematic structural diagram of the steady flow exhaust assembly 3 provided in some embodiments of the present application.

[0070] As Figure 4 shown, in some embodiments, the steady flow exhaust assembly 3 includes a steady flow device and an exhaust device. The steady flow device includes a steady flow cavity 305 and a grille 306. The pump pressure loading assembly 2 and the key pipe group 4 are respectively communicated with the steady flow cavity 305. In the direction away from the pump pressure loading assembly 2, one or more grilles 306 are arranged at intervals in the steady flow cavity 305; the exhaust device is installed above the steady flow cavity 305 and is used to discharge the gas in the steady flow cavity 305. The grille 306 can break the large vortices in the liquid medium flowing out of the pump pressure loading assembly 2 into small vortices, playing a rectifying role; by discharging the gas in the steady flow cavity 305 through the exhaust device, the gas in the steady flow cavity 305 can be prevented from flowing into the test section 403, thereby ensuring the smooth progress of the water tunnel experiment. It can be understood that the cross-section of the holes of the grille 306 can be square, circular or other shapes. Specifically, in this embodiment, three grilles 306 are arranged at intervals in the steady flow cavity 305. The cross-section of the holes of the grille 306 is circular, and the diameter of the holes of the grille 306 can be 2 cm to 10 cm.

[0071] As Figure 4As shown, in some embodiments, the exhaust device includes an exhaust chamber 303 located above the steady flow chamber 305. The steady flow chamber 305 and the exhaust chamber 303 are isolated by a water-proof and air-permeable membrane 304. A passive exhaust component and / or an active exhaust component is installed at the top of the exhaust chamber 303. Before conducting a water tunnel experiment, it is necessary to inject a liquid medium into the water storage tank 101, the pump pressure loading component 2, the steady flow exhaust component 3, the key pipe group 4, and the pressure regulating component 5. During the process of the liquid medium flowing through the steady flow chamber 305, the gas in the steady flow exhaust component 3 can be discharged from the steady flow exhaust device through the water-proof and air-permeable membrane 304 and the passive exhaust component and / or the active exhaust component, avoiding the gas in the steady flow chamber 305 from flowing into the test section 403, and thus ensuring the smooth progress of the water tunnel experiment.

[0072] As Figure 4 shown, in some embodiments, the passive exhaust component includes a first exhaust valve 307, which can quickly discharge a large amount of gas.

[0073] As Figure 4 shown, in some embodiments, the active exhaust component includes a vacuum pump 301. A second pressure control valve 302 is installed between the top of the exhaust chamber 303 and the vacuum pump 301. Before conducting a water tunnel experiment, the exhaust chamber 303 is evacuated by the vacuum pump 301, which can more thoroughly discharge the gas in the steady flow chamber 305. Moreover, the combined use of the vacuum pump 301 and the second pressure control valve 302 can more precisely control the vacuum degree of the exhaust chamber 303, so that the vacuum degree in the exhaust chamber 303 can be maintained within the corresponding preset range. It should be noted that during the process of conducting the water tunnel experiment, the first exhaust valve 307, the vacuum pump 301, and the second pressure control valve 302 all need to be adjusted to the closed state to avoid large pressure fluctuations in the exhaust chamber 303 affecting the flow rate and pressure of the liquid medium in the test section 403.

[0074] Figure 5 This is a schematic structural diagram of the key pipe group 4 provided by some embodiments of the present application.

[0075] As Figure 5 shown, in some embodiments, the key pipe group 4 further includes a rectifying section 401, a converging section 402, and a diverging section 404. Along the direction away from the steady flow exhaust component 3, the rectifying section 401, the converging section 402, the test section 403, and the diverging section 404 are connected in sequence. A rectifying component is installed in the rectifying section 401. The rectifying component is used to further rectify the liquid medium entering the converging section 402, thereby improving the flow field conditions such as the velocity non-uniformity and turbulence intensity in the test section 403; the converging section 402 can accelerate the liquid medium, so that the liquid medium in the test section 403 can reach the corresponding preset range.

[0076] As Figure 5As shown, in some embodiments, the rectifying assembly includes a honeycomb 405 and a damping screen 406. The damping screen 406 is closer to the test section 403 than the honeycomb 405. In the direction away from the test section 403, more than one honeycomb 405 and more than one damping screen 406 are provided. Specifically, in this embodiment, two honeycombs 405 are provided, and the cross-section of the holes of the honeycomb 405 is a regular hexagon; three damping screens 406 are provided, and the cross-section of the holes of the damping screen 406 is a square. It can be understood that the cross-sectional area of each hole of the honeycomb 405 is smaller than the cross-sectional area of each hole of the grille 306, and the cross-sectional area of each hole of the damping screen 406 is smaller than the cross-sectional area of each hole of the honeycomb 405.

[0077] As Figure 5 shown, in some embodiments, the cross-section of the test section 403 is rectangular, which is convenient for installing the object to be experimented and the equipment for observing the object to be experimented.

[0078] In some embodiments, the inner wall of the contraction section 402 adopts a fifth-order surface curve structure, and the contraction ratio of the contraction section 402 is 1 / 5; the diffusion section 404 adopts a structure design with a diffusion ratio of 2 / 1 and a diffusion angle of 5°, which can further improve the flow field conditions such as the velocity non-uniformity and turbulence in the test section 403.

[0079] As Figure 5 shown, in some embodiments, pressure sensors 407 are installed at both ends of the contraction section 402 and both ends of the diffusion section 404 to monitor the pressure at the corresponding positions. Then, the flow velocity at the corresponding positions can be calculated through the Bernoulli equation and the continuity equation, which is convenient for the first pressure control valve 208 and the pressure regulating assembly 5 to more accurately adjust the pressure and flow velocity in the test section 403.

[0080] Figure 6 It is a schematic structural diagram of the pressure regulating assembly 5 provided by some embodiments of the present application; Figure 7 It is a schematic structural diagram of the pressure regulating assembly 5 from another perspective provided by some embodiments of the present application.

[0081] As Figure 6 and Figure 7As shown, in some embodiments, the pressure regulating assembly 5 includes a pressure regulating chamber 503, a driving device, and a third pressure control valve 504. The pressure regulating chamber 503 includes a first sub-chamber and a movable member. The first sub-chamber is formed by enclosing at least part of the side wall of the movable member and at least part of the inner wall of the pressure regulating chamber 503. The liquid inlet of the first sub-chamber is communicated with the key pipe group 4. The driving device is connected to the pressure regulating chamber 503 and is used to drive the movable member to act so as to adjust the volume of the first sub-chamber. The third pressure control valve 504 is installed at the liquid outlet of the first sub-chamber. By adjusting the volume of the first sub-chamber through the driving device, the pressure of the liquid medium in the first sub-chamber can be further roughly adjusted, and then the pressure of the test section 403 can be quickly and roughly adjusted. Then, by adjusting the opening degree of the third pressure control valve 504, the pressure of the test section 403 can be accurately adjusted.

[0082] In some embodiments, the pressure regulating chamber 503 further includes a second sub-chamber. The first sub-chamber and the second sub-chamber are isolated by the movable member. The driving device includes an air compressor 502 and a pressure tank 501. The air compressor 502 is used to input compressed gas into the pressure tank 501, and the pressure tank 501 is communicated with the second sub-chamber. Compared with the air compressor 502 directly connected to the second sub-chamber, the gas pressure in the pressure tank 501 is relatively stable as a whole, and the rough adjustment accuracy of the liquid medium pressure in the first sub-chamber can be relatively improved. The pressure regulating principle of the pressure regulating assembly 5 is that first, the pressure tank 501 pressurizes the second sub-chamber, driving the movable member to move towards the first sub-chamber direction, so that the internal pressure of the first sub-chamber increases, and then the internal pressure of the test section 403 increases until the internal pressure of the test section 403 increases to be greater than the target pressure range. Then, the opening degree of the third pressure control valve 504 is adjusted so that the pressure of the test section 403 drops to the target pressure range.

[0083] In some embodiments, the movable member is an expandable airbag, and the second sub-chamber is located inside the airbag, with a simple structure and easy to implement. In other embodiments, the movable member is hermetically and slidably connected to the pressure regulating chamber 503, and the first sub-chamber and the second sub-chamber are respectively located on both sides of the movable member.

[0084] In some embodiments, the second sub-chamber is located above the first sub-chamber. When the movable member fails and the liquid medium in the first sub-chamber accidentally enters the second sub-chamber, the liquid medium mainly accumulates at the bottom of the second sub-chamber, that is, at the position close to the first sub-chamber, and is not easy to enter the pressure tank 501, which can reduce the risk of the liquid medium entering the pressure tank 501 and causing the pressure tank 501 to oxidize and rust.

[0085] As Figure 6 and Figure 7As shown, in some embodiments, a second exhaust valve 509 is installed in the second sub-chamber. The installation position of the second exhaust valve 509 in the second sub-chamber is below the position where the pressure tank 501 communicates with the second sub-chamber. Before the water tunnel experiment, during the process of injecting the liquid medium into the first sub-chamber, the volume of the second sub-chamber gradually decreases. Opening the second exhaust valve 509 can quickly discharge the excess gas in the second sub-chamber. Additionally, when a malfunction occurs in the movable part, causing the liquid medium in the first sub-chamber to accidentally enter the second sub-chamber, the liquid medium in the second sub-chamber can also be discharged from the second sub-chamber through the exhaust valve, which can further reduce the risk of the liquid medium entering the pressure tank 501 and causing the pressure tank 501 to oxidize and rust. It can be understood that during the water tunnel experiment, in order to maintain the pressure stability in the second sub-chamber, the second exhaust valve 509 needs to be closed.

[0086] As Figure 6 and Figure 7 As shown, in some embodiments, a second check valve 505 is installed between the pressure tank 501 and the second sub-chamber. The opening direction of the second check valve 505 faces the second sub-chamber. When a malfunction occurs in the movable part, causing the liquid medium in the first sub-chamber to accidentally enter the second sub-chamber, the second check valve 505 can further reduce the risk of the liquid medium entering the pressure tank 501.

[0087] As Figure 6 and Figure 7 As shown, in some embodiments, a second reducer 506 is installed at the outlet position of the pressure tank 501. The pressure tank 501 communicates with the second sub-chamber through the second reducer 506. Along the direction away from the pressure tank 501, the diameter of the reducer gradually increases. In some embodiments, a third reducer 507 is installed at the outlet of the air compressor 502. Along the direction away from the air compressor 502, the diameter of the third reducer 507 gradually increases. Both the second reducer 506 and the third reducer 507 can reduce the gas flow rate at the corresponding position and increase the gas pressure, making the impact force of the gas entering the second sub-chamber relatively small. Furthermore, it can relatively improve the stability of the internal air pressure in the second sub-chamber and further improve the coarse adjustment accuracy of the liquid medium pressure in the first sub-chamber.

[0088] As Figure 6 and Figure 7 As shown, in some embodiments, the air compressor 502 is connected to the pressure tank 501 through a bent pipe 508, which can reduce the impact force when the gas output by the air compressor 502 enters the pressure tank 501.

[0089] As Figure 1 As shown, in some embodiments, the water tunnel experimental device further includes a return water circulation component 6, which is used to connect the pressure regulation component 5 and the gravitational potential energy loading component 1, and can realize the recycling of the liquid medium, thereby reducing the overall consumption of the liquid medium.

[0090] As Figure 1 shown, in some embodiments, the water circulation component 6 includes a water return well 601 and a drain pipe 603. The pressure regulating component 5 is connected to the top of the water return well 601. Both ends of the drain pipe 603 are respectively connected to the bottom of the water return well 601 and the gravitational potential energy loading component 1. By providing the water return well 601, the liquid medium discharged by the pressure regulating component 5 can be temporarily stored; there is a certain height difference between the connection position of the water return well 601 and the pressure regulating component 5 and the connection position of the water return well 601 and the drain pipe 603, which has the function of pressure relief, can increase the flow rate of water return, and can match the flow rate of the second pumping device 110 to pump water into the water storage cavity 1012, so as to ensure the stability of the operation of the water circulation component 6. Specifically, in this embodiment, the end of the drain pipe 603 away from the water return well 601 is connected to the top of the water tank 105, and the horizontal height of the top of the water tank 105 is lower than the horizontal height of the bottom of the water return well 601, so that the liquid medium in the water return well 601 can flow into the water tank 105 under its own gravity, realizing the recycling of the liquid medium. Since the drain pipe 603 does not need to be equipped with a pumping device, the overall energy consumption and noise of the water tunnel experimental device can be relatively reduced.

[0091] In some embodiments, the water return well 601 is provided with a second overflow port. The connection position of the water return well 601 and the pressure regulating component 5 and the arrangement position of the second overflow port are spaced apart from each other at the top of the water return well 601, which can prevent the water return well 601 from being damaged due to accidentally filling too much liquid medium; in addition, since the second overflow port can connect the internal space of the water return well 601 with the outside atmosphere, the pressure at the outlet position of the pressure regulating component 5 is the atmospheric pressure, which is convenient for the staff to calculate the flow velocity and pressure at the position of the test section 403 through the Bernoulli equation and the continuity equation.

[0092] As Figure 1 shown, in some embodiments, at least one end of the drain pipe 603 is installed with a third bellows 602 and / or a third gate valve 604. Specifically, in this embodiment, one third bellows 602 is installed at the end of the drain pipe 603 close to the water return well 601, and one third bellows 602 and one third gate valve 604 are installed at the end of the drain pipe 603 away from the water return well 601. The third bellows 602 can filter the vibration at the corresponding position; after the third gate valve 604 is closed, the third gate valve 604 can block the liquid medium in the water return well 601 from flowing to the water tank 105, which is convenient for the staff to repair the water tank 105.

[0093] In some embodiments, the liquid level pressure of the liquid medium in the water storage tank is P0, and the pressure of the liquid medium at the liquid outlet position of the pressure regulating assembly is P2, satisfying P0 = P2; the horizontal height of the liquid medium in the test section is h1, and the horizontal height of the liquid medium at the liquid outlet position of the pressure regulating assembly is h2, satisfying h1 = h2; the horizontal height of the liquid level of the liquid medium in the water storage tank is h0, satisfying 2.5m ≤ h0 - h1; the cross-sectional area of the liquid outlet of the pressure regulating assembly is S2, and the cross-sectional area of the test section is S1, satisfying S2 = 2 * S1, and 0.02m 2 ≤ S1 ≤ 0.5m 2 ; the cross-sectional area of the water storage tank is S0, satisfying 3.14m 2 ≤ S0 ≤ 19.625m 2 .

[0094] It can be known from Bernoulli's equation that:

[0095]

[0096] It can be known from the continuity equation that:

[0097] v0S0Δt = v1S1Δt = v2S2Δt (2)

[0098] wherein, P1 represents the pressure of the liquid medium in the test section; v0 represents the liquid level drop rate of the liquid medium in the water storage tank; v1 represents the flow velocity of the liquid medium in the test section; v2 represents the flow velocity of the liquid medium at the liquid outlet position of the pressure regulating assembly; ρ represents the density of the liquid medium. In this embodiment, the liquid medium is water, and ρ is taken as 1000 kg / m 3 ; g represents the acceleration due to gravity, taken as 9.8 m / s 2 ; Δt represents a time interval.

[0099] From equations (1) and (2), we get:

[0100]

[0101]

[0102]

[0103] It can be known from equations (3) and (4) that when S0 = 3.14m 2 , S1 = 0.02m 2 , h0 = 2.5m, v2 is 7m / s, and the minimum value of v1 can be obtained as 14.00m / s.

[0104] In this embodiment, due to the existence of the first overflow port and the second overflow port, P0 and P2 are the same as the external atmospheric pressure. Taking P0 = P2 = 101 kPa, it can be known from Equation (5) that when P2 = 101 kPa, v1 = 14 m / s, and v2 = 7 m / s, P1 = 27.5 kPa. Since P1 is greater than 3 kPa, cavitation is basically not likely to occur in the test section, and the water tunnel test can be carried out normally. It can be understood that by only increasing the flow velocity of the liquid medium in the test section from 14 m / s to 50 m / s through the first pumping device, the flow velocity of the liquid medium in the test section can reach 50 m / s. In the embodiment of the present application, the first pumping device is a double-suction pump, which has characteristics such as high head and large flow rate, and it is relatively easy to increase the speed in the test section from 14 m / s to more than 50 m / s, so that the flow velocity of the liquid medium in the test section can reach super high speed.

[0105] It can be understood that if the specific values of S0, S1, and h0 are adjusted within the above ranges, then v1 is greater than 14 m / s. The first pumping device is a double-suction pump, which is more likely to increase the speed in the test section to more than 50 m / s, so that the flow velocity of the liquid medium in the test section can reach super high speed.

[0106] Compared with the method of solely using the pump pressure loading component to increase the flow velocity of the liquid medium in the test section to more than 50 m / s, the energy supply method combining gravitational potential energy and pump pressure loading can significantly reduce energy consumption, greatly reduce vibration and noise, and has strong feasibility.

[0107] The above is only the specific implementation manner of the present application. Those skilled in the art can clearly understand that for the convenience and simplicity of description, the specific working processes of the systems, modules, and units described above can refer to the corresponding processes in the foregoing method embodiments, and will not be repeated here. It should be understood that the protection scope of the present application is not limited thereto. Any person skilled in the art can easily think of various equivalent modifications or substitutions within the technical scope disclosed in the present application, and these modifications or substitutions should be covered within the protection scope of the present application.

Claims

1. A water tunnel experimental device, characterized in that, It includes a gravitational potential energy loading component, a pump pressure loading component, a steady flow exhaust component, a key pipe group, and a pressure regulating component that are connected in sequence. The gravitational potential energy loading component includes a water storage tank for storing a liquid medium. The pump pressure loading component includes more than one pump pressure pipe section arranged in parallel. The two ends of the pump pressure pipe section are respectively connected to the water storage tank and the steady flow exhaust component, so that the liquid medium in the water storage tank can flow into the pump pressure pipe section under the action of gravitational potential energy. The pump pressure pipe section is equipped with a first pumping device to accelerate the flow of the liquid medium flowing into the pump pressure pipe section towards the steady flow exhaust component. The steady flow exhaust component includes a steady flow device and an exhaust device: The steady flow device includes a steady flow chamber and a grid. The pump pressure loading component and the key pipe group are respectively connected to the steady flow chamber. Along the direction away from the pump pressure loading component, more than one grid is arranged at intervals in the steady flow chamber; The exhaust device is installed above the steady flow chamber for exhausting the gas in the steady flow chamber. The key pipe group includes a test section for installing an object to be tested. The pressure regulating component includes a pressure regulating chamber, a driving device, and a third pressure control valve: The pressure regulating chamber includes a first sub-chamber and a moving part. The first sub-chamber is formed by enclosing at least part of the side wall of the moving part and at least part of the inner wall of the pressure regulating chamber. The liquid inlet of the first sub-chamber is connected to the key pipe group; The driving device is connected to the pressure regulating chamber for driving the moving part to act to adjust the volume of the first sub-chamber; The third pressure control valve is installed at the liquid outlet of the first sub-chamber.

2. The water tunnel experimental device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The water storage tank includes a water storage chamber and a drainage chamber separated by a partition. The pump pressure pipe section is connected to the water storage chamber. The water storage chamber is provided with a liquid inlet for inputting the liquid medium. The partition is installed with multiple groups of solenoid valve groups distributed at intervals in the vertical direction. Each solenoid valve group includes more than one solenoid valve with the same horizontal height.

3. The water tunnel experimental device according to claim 2, characterized in that, The gravitational potential energy loading component further includes: A water tank for storing the liquid medium. A second pumping device. The input port of the second pumping device is connected to the inside of the water tank, and the output port of the second pumping device is connected to the water storage chamber.

4. The water tunnel experimental device according to claim 3, characterized in that, The output port of the second pumping device is connected to a first pipeline. The end of the first pipeline far from the second pumping device extends into the water storage chamber through the liquid inlet. The end of the first pipeline extending into the water storage chamber is installed in the water storage chamber through a flexible connector.

5. The water tunnel experimental device according to claim 3, characterized in that, The horizontal height of the water tank is lower than the horizontal height of the water storage tank. The drainage chamber is connected to the water tank through a second pipeline. The connection position of the second pipeline and the drainage chamber is located at the bottom of the drainage chamber.

6. The water tunnel experiment device according to claim 3, characterized in that A liquid level monitoring device is installed in the water storage chamber. The liquid level monitoring device is signal-connected to the control unit of the solenoid valve.

7. The water tunnel experimental device according to claim 3, characterized in that A first overflow port is provided at the top of the water storage chamber.

8. The water tunnel experimental device according to claim 3, characterized in that A drainage section is installed at the bottom of the water storage chamber. The pump pressure pipe section is connected to the water storage chamber through the drainage section. Along the direction away from the water storage chamber, the drainage section gradually converges.

9. The water tunnel experimental device according to claim 3, characterized in that, The gravitational potential energy loading component further includes: The filtering device includes more than one filter. The outlet of the filtering device communicates with the water storage chamber, and the inlet of the filtering device communicates with the inside of the water tank. The third pumping device is installed in the filtering device and / or inside the water tank for pumping the liquid medium in the water tank to the inlet of the filtering device.

10. The water tunnel experiment device according to claim 9, characterized in that, A stop valve is installed between the filtering device and the water tank and / or between the filtering device and the water storage chamber.

11. The water tunnel experiment device according to claim 9, characterized in that, The filtering device includes more than two filters connected in sequence. The inlet of the filter close to the water tank communicates with the water tank, and the outlets of each filter communicate with the water storage chamber through corresponding pipelines respectively. Stop valves are installed on the pipelines corresponding to the outlets of each filter.

12. The water tunnel experiment device according to claim 1, characterized in that It further includes a main pipe section installed between the gravitational potential energy loading component and the steady flow exhaust component. The pump pressure pipe sections are arranged in parallel with the main pipe section. First gate valves are installed at the position close to the water storage tank on the pump pressure pipe sections and on the main pipe section.

13. The water tunnel experiment device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The first pumping device includes a double-suction pump.

14. The water tunnel experiment device according to claim 1, characterized in that, A first reducing pipe is installed at the outlet of the first pumping device. Along the direction away from the first pumping device, the diameter of the first reducing pipe gradually increases.

15. The water tunnel experiment device according to claim 1, characterized in that, At least one of a first check valve and a first bellows is installed at the position of the pump pressure pipe section away from the water storage tank, wherein the first check valve is of a slow-closing structure.

16. The water tunnel experiment device according to claim 1, characterized in that, At least one of a second gate valve and a second bellows is installed between the gravitational potential energy loading component and the pump pressure loading component.

17. The water tunnel experimental device according to claim 1, characterized in that, A first pressure control valve is installed between the pump pressure loading component and the steady flow exhaust component.

18. The water tunnel experimental device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The exhaust device includes an exhaust chamber located above the steady flow chamber. The steady flow chamber and the exhaust chamber are isolated by a water-proof and air-permeable membrane. A passive exhaust component and / or an active exhaust component is installed at the top of the exhaust chamber. The passive exhaust component includes a first exhaust valve. The active exhaust component includes a vacuum pump. A second pressure control valve is installed between the top of the exhaust chamber and the vacuum pump.

19. The water tunnel experimental device according to claim 1, wherein, The key pipe group further includes a rectifying section, a contraction section and a diffusing section. Along the direction away from the steady flow exhaust component, the rectifying section, the contraction section, the test section and the diffusing section are connected in sequence. A rectifying component is installed in the rectifying section.

20. The water tunnel experimental device according to claim 19, characterized in that, The rectifying component includes a honeycomb device and a damping screen. The damping screen is closer to the test section than the honeycomb device. Along the direction away from the test section, more than one damping screen and honeycomb device are provided.

21. The water tunnel experimental device according to claim 19, characterized in that, The cross-section of the test section is rectangular.

22. The water tunnel experiment device according to claim 19, characterized in that, Pressure sensors are installed at both ends of the contraction section and both ends of the diffusing section.

23. The water tunnel experiment device according to claim 22, characterized in that, The pressure regulating chamber further includes a second sub-chamber. The first sub-chamber and the second sub-chamber are isolated by the movable member. The driving device includes an air compressor and a pressure tank. The air compressor is used to input compressed gas into the pressure tank, and the pressure tank communicates with the second sub-chamber.

24. The water tunnel experimental device according to claim 23, characterized in that, The movable member is an expandable airbag, and the second sub-chamber is located inside the airbag.

25. The water tunnel experimental device according to claim 23, wherein, The movable member is sealed and slidably connected to the pressure regulating chamber. The first sub-chamber and the second sub-chamber are respectively located on both sides of the movable member.

26. The water tunnel experimental device according to claim 23, characterized in that, The second sub-chamber is located above the first sub-chamber.

27. The water tunnel experimental device according to claim 23, characterized in that The second sub-chamber is equipped with a second exhaust valve, and the installation position of the second exhaust valve in the second sub-chamber is below the position where the pressure tank is connected to the second sub-chamber.

28. The water tunnel experimental device according to claim 23, characterized in that, A second check valve is installed between the pressure tank and the second sub-chamber, and the opening direction of the second check valve faces the second sub-chamber.

29. The water tunnel experiment device according to claim 23, characterized in that, A second reducing pipe is installed at the outlet position of the pressure tank. The pressure tank is connected to the second sub-chamber through the second reducing pipe. Along the direction away from the pressure tank, the diameter of the reducing pipe gradually increases.

30. The water tunnel experiment device according to claim 23, characterized in that, A third reducing pipe is installed at the outlet of the air compressor. Along the direction away from the air compressor, the diameter of the third reducing pipe gradually increases.

31. The water tunnel experimental device according to claim 23, characterized in that, The air compressor is connected to the pressure tank through a bent pipe.

32. The water tunnel experiment device according to claim 1, characterized in that, It further includes a water circulation component for connecting the pressure regulating component and the gravitational potential energy loading component.

33. The water tunnel experimental device according to claim 32, wherein, The water circulation component includes a water return well and a drain pipe. The pressure regulating component is connected to the top of the water return well, and both ends of the drain pipe are respectively connected to the bottom of the water return well and the gravitational potential energy loading component; The water return well is provided with a second overflow port. The position where the water return well is connected to the pressure regulating component and the arrangement position of the second overflow port are spaced apart on the top of the water return well; At least one end of the drain pipe is installed with a third corrugated pipe.

34. The water tunnel experimental device according to claim 32, wherein The water circulation component includes a water return well and a drain pipe. The pressure regulating component is connected to the top of the water return well, and both ends of the drain pipe are respectively connected to the bottom of the water return well and the gravitational potential energy loading component; The water return well is provided with a second overflow port. The position where the water return well is connected to the pressure regulating component and the arrangement position of the second overflow port are spaced apart on the top of the water return well; At least one end of the drain pipe is installed with a third gate valve.

35. The water tunnel experimental device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The liquid level pressure of the liquid medium in the water storage tank is P0, and the pressure of the liquid medium at the liquid outlet position of the pressure regulating component is P2, satisfying P0 = P2; The horizontal height of the liquid medium in the test section is h1, and the horizontal height of the liquid medium at the liquid outlet position of the pressure regulating component is h2, satisfying h1 = h2; The horizontal height of the liquid level of the liquid medium in the water storage tank is h0, satisfying 2.5m ≤ h0 - h1; The cross-sectional area of the liquid outlet of the pressure regulating component is S2, and the cross-sectional area of the test section is S1, satisfying S2 = 2 * S1, and 0.02 m 2 ≤ S1 ≤ 0.5 m 2 ; The cross-sectional area of the water storage tank is S0, satisfying 3.14 m 2 ≤ S0 ≤ 19.625 m 2 .

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