Dual dielectric layer transmission array antenna based on resonant type transmission unit

Abstract

The application discloses a double dielectric layer transmission array antenna based on a resonant type transmission unit, which comprises a feed antenna and a transmission array surface; the feed antenna is used for radiating linear polarization electromagnetic waves; the feed antenna is located above the center of the transmission array surface and the vertical distance is set as a focal length F; the transmission array surface is composed of N*N second-order resonant type transmission units and / or third-order resonant type transmission units, wherein N is greater than or equal to 2 and is an integer; the second-order resonant type transmission unit and the third-order resonant type transmission unit have a phase difference of 90 degrees at a center frequency; wherein the second-order resonant type transmission unit and the third-order resonant type transmission unit can obtain second-order resonant type transmission units and third-order resonant type transmission units with multiple different phase angles through a combination of rotating a receiving antenna and adjusting the size of the receiving antenna and a transmitting antenna in the second-order and / or third-order resonant type transmission unit. Advantage: compared with the existing antenna, the application has the advantages of light weight, low profile, low insertion loss, high gain and the like.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The application belongs to the technical field of antennas, and particularly relates to a double-medium-layer transmissive array antenna based on a resonant transmissive unit. BACKGROUND

[0002] A planar transmissive array antenna is composed of transmissive frequency selective surface units with similar topological structures, and a predetermined phase compensation is performed on each unit in the array to generate a required radiation beam. Due to numerous advantages such as light weight, simple structure, low manufacturing cost and high gain, the planar transmissive array antenna has been widely applied in wireless communication systems and microwave imaging systems.

[0003] A conventional transmissive array antenna usually adopts a frequency selective structure designed on a multilayer dielectric plate as an array unit, and a phase difference between units is compensated by changing the size of each multilayer frequency selective structure on the array to form a phase-distributed in-phase distribution and realize a high-gain beam.

[0004] C. G. M. Ryan et al. use a four-layer same-layer transmissive array of double-sided ring elements to realize a 360° full-continuous phase range, and test results show that the antenna has a peak gain of 31.9 dBi and a peak aperture efficiency of 47% in a frequency range of 28-31 GHz.

[0005] Since a transmissive unit for constructing a transmissive array needs to have a 360° phase shift range, and the phase shift range of each layer of frequency selective structure is limited, a plurality of units designed on a multilayer dielectric plate need to be cascaded to realize 360°. Cascading of multiple units and phase shift in multiple layers brings problems such as poor return loss, high insertion loss, and unstable oblique incidence performance in design.

[0006] In 2022, P. Mei and G. F. Pedersen et al. proposed a 2-bit transmissive array antenna based on a multilayer frequency selective surface, which includes five metal layers and four dielectric layers. By using two different forms of units and mirroring the fourth metal layer of the two units, 2-bit 0°, 90°, 180° and 270° quantized phases are realized. Test results show that the antenna has a peak gain of 26.1 dBi and a peak aperture efficiency of 44.7% in a frequency range of 22-40 GHz. Designing multiple units to realize phase shift compensation increases the complexity of design, and the transmissive unit has unstable oblique incidence performance.

[0007] Therefore, the conventional transmissive array has problems such as multiple layers, heavy quality, high insertion loss and difficult design. SUMMARY

[0008] The technical problem to be solved by the present application is that the known transmission array in an antenna has the technical problems of many layers, heavy quality, high insertion loss and difficult design.

[0009] Based on the technical problem to be solved, the purpose of the present application is to provide a double-medium-layer transmission array antenna based on resonant transmission units, two resonant transmission units with a phase difference of 90° are designed by applying the coupling resonant phase shift theory, and then 3bit 8-state 360° phase adjustment is realized by combining the rotation of the receiving antenna with the adjustment of the size of the receiving antenna and the transmitting antenna in the resonant transmission unit, so that a transmission array antenna with simple structure, few layers and high gain is obtained.

[0010] The technical solution for achieving the purpose of the present application is:

[0011] A double-medium-layer transmission array antenna based on resonant transmission units, the antenna comprising a feed antenna and a transmission array; the feed antenna is used for radiating linearly polarized electromagnetic waves; the feed antenna is located above the center of the transmission array with a vertical distance of focal length F; the transmission array is composed of N×N second-order resonant transmission units and / or third-order resonant transmission units, N≥2 and is an integer; the second-order resonant transmission unit and the third-order resonant transmission unit have a phase difference of 90° at the center frequency; wherein the second-order resonant transmission unit and the third-order resonant transmission unit can obtain a plurality of second-order resonant transmission units and third-order resonant transmission units with different phase angles by combining the rotation of the receiving antenna with the adjustment of the size of the receiving antenna and the transmitting antenna in the second-order and / or third-order resonant transmission unit.

[0012] The double-medium-layer transmission array antenna based on resonant transmission units of the present application, the feed antenna is located at the focal point of the transmission array; the transmission array comprises a plurality of transmission units, the phase distribution of the plurality of transmission units is calculated according to the focal length, and the expected phase distribution is realized by using the plurality of second-order resonant transmission units and third-order resonant transmission units with different phase angles, so that the spherical electromagnetic wave emitted by the feed antenna is converted into a planar electromagnetic wave, and a high-gain radiation beam is obtained.

[0013] Further preferably, the second-order resonant transmission unit comprises a first metal layer, a first dielectric layer, a ground plate, a second dielectric layer and a second metal layer arranged in sequence from top to bottom, a rectangular patch is arranged on each of the first metal layer and the second metal layer, and the two rectangular patches resonate and couple; the ground plate is a radio frequency ground shared by the first metal layer and the second metal layer, a metal column is arranged on the ground plate, the centers of the first metal layer and the second metal layer penetrate the metal column and connect the two rectangular patches, so as to realize the coupling and transmission of electromagnetic waves. The two rectangular patches in the second-order resonant transmission unit resonate and couple, and can be regarded as a band-pass filter based on a second-order resonator.

[0014] Further preferably, the L-shaped probe is loaded on the two rectangular patches, and the L-shaped probe resonates with the rectangular patches to form a three-order resonant type transmission unit. The two rectangular patches and the L-shaped probe in the three-order resonant type transmission unit resonate, and can be regarded as a three-order resonator-based band-pass filter. According to the principle of the coupled resonator type band-pass filter, the phase at the center frequency increases by 90° for each additional order of the resonator. Therefore, the three-order resonant type transmission unit and the two-order resonant type transmission unit have a phase difference of 90° at the center frequency.

[0015] Further preferably, the first metal layer and the second metal layer share a floor, and a circular groove is formed in the center of the floor to install the metal column.

[0016] Further preferably, a groove is formed in the center of the rectangular patch, and the L-shaped probe is placed in the groove. The L-shaped probe is loaded on the rectangular patch to introduce a new resonant point and achieve a 90° phase shift.

[0017] Further preferably, the two-order resonant type transmission unit and the three-order resonant type transmission unit are changed to obtain four two-order resonant type transmission units and three-order resonant type transmission units with different phase angles, to achieve 3bit 360° phase adjustment of eight states. The specific method is as follows:

[0018] The two-order resonant type transmission unit is marked as a 0° phase transmission unit, and the three-order resonant type transmission unit is marked as a 90° phase transmission unit.

[0019] Step 1: Rotate the first metal layer in the two-order resonant type transmission unit by 180°, to obtain two quantized phases of 0° and 180° before and after rotation. Adjust the size and position of the rectangular patch arranged on the first metal layer and the second metal layer in the 0° two-order resonant type transmission unit and the 180° two-order resonant type transmission unit, to obtain two quantized phases of 315° and 135°. Four two-order resonant type transmission units with phase angles of 0°, 180°, 315° and 135° are obtained.

[0020] Step 2: Rotate the first metal layer in the three-order resonant type transmission unit by 180°, to obtain two quantized phases of 90° and 270° before and after rotation. Adjust the size and position of the rectangular patch and the L-shaped probe arranged on the first metal layer and the second metal layer in the 90° three-order resonant type transmission unit and the 270° three-order resonant type transmission unit, to obtain two quantized phases of 45° and 225°. Four three-order resonant type transmission units with phase angles of 90°, 270°, 45° and 225° are obtained.

[0021] In the design method, the size and position of the rectangular patch of the first metal layer and the second metal layer in the second-order resonant type transmission unit are simultaneously adjusted to move the center frequency to a low frequency, and due to the frequency shift, the corresponding phase curve also moves to a low frequency, and a phase difference of 45° can be achieved by appropriate frequency shift. The third-order resonant type transmission unit is adjusted in the same way, and the size and position of the rectangular patch and the L-shaped probe of the third-order resonant type transmission unit are adjusted to move the center frequency to a low frequency, and a phase difference of 45° can be achieved by appropriate frequency shift. Therefore, by adjusting the 0° second-order resonant type transmission unit and the 180° second-order resonant type transmission unit respectively, two quantized phases of 315° and 135° are obtained; by adjusting the 90° third-order resonant type transmission unit and the 270° third-order resonant type transmission unit respectively, two quantized phases of 45° and 225° are obtained, so as to realize 0°, 45°, 90°, 135°, 180°, 225°, 270°, 315° of 3bit 360° phase shift.

[0022] Compared with the prior art, the present application has the following advantages:

[0023] 1. The second-order and / or third-order resonant type transmission unit used in the antenna and the transmission array surface of the present application has a simple structure and design, and compared with the conventional 3bit transmission array antenna, the present application realizes a 90° phase shift by loading an L-shaped probe on the basis of the second-order resonant type transmission unit.

[0024] 2. The antenna and the transmission array surface of the present application have the advantages of light weight, low profile, high gain, easy processing and batch production, and compared with the conventional multilayer transmission array, only two dielectric plates are used, and the weight is lower than that of the frequency selective surface transmission array using multiple (three or more) dielectric plates to realize 360° phase shift; the thickness of the dielectric plate used in the present application is only 0.05 λ , and the overall thickness of the transmission array is 0.1 λ , and the profile is very low.

[0025] 3. Compared with the conventional 3bit transmission array antenna, the antenna of the present application does not introduce multiple shape phase shift units, and only realizes 3bit phase shift by loading an L-shaped probe, rotating the patch and changing the size, and the antenna structure is simple and easy to process.

[0026] 4. The antenna of the present application has lower insertion loss because no additional phase shift layer is added.

[0027] 5. Compared with the existing similar antennas, the antenna of the present application has the advantages of light weight, low profile, low insertion loss, high gain, etc.

[0028] The present application will be described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0029] Figure 1 Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of a dual-dielectric-layer transmissive array antenna based on a novel resonant-type transmission unit of the present application;

[0030] Figure 2 Fig. 2 is a top view and a partial enlarged view of a transmissive array surface of the present application;

[0031] Fig. 3 is a three-dimensional structure schematic diagram of a first-order transmission unit of the present application, wherein Fig. 3(a) is a three-dimensional structure schematic diagram of a second-order resonant-type transmission unit, and Fig. 3(b) is a three-dimensional structure schematic diagram of a third-order resonant-type transmission unit;

[0032] Fig. 4 is two different states of a second-order resonant-type transmission unit of an embodiment of the present application, wherein Fig. 4(a) is a top view of the second-order resonant-type transmission unit in state A, and Fig. 4(b) is a top view of the second-order resonant-type transmission unit in state B;

[0033] Fig. 5 is two different states of a second-order transmission unit structure of an embodiment of the present application, wherein Fig. 5(a) is a top view of a third-order resonant-type transmission unit structure in state A, and Fig. 5(b) is a top view of a third-order resonant-type transmission unit in state B;

[0034] Fig. 6 is a simulation result diagram of transmission amplitude and transmission phase of a second-order and a third-order resonant-type transmission unit of an embodiment of the present application, wherein Fig. 6(a) is a simulation result diagram of transmission amplitude of a second-order and a third-order resonant-type transmission unit, and Fig. 6(b) is a simulation result diagram of phase response of a second-order and a third-order resonant-type transmission unit;

[0035] Figure 7 Fig. 7 is a simulation result diagram of transmission amplitude and transmission phase of a second-order resonant-type transmission unit of an embodiment of the present application for realizing 180° phase quantization;

[0036] Fig. 8 is a simulation result diagram of transmission amplitude and transmission phase of a second-order resonant-type transmission unit of an embodiment of the present application for realizing 45° phase quantization, wherein Fig. 8(a) is a simulation result diagram of transmission amplitude of two units, and Fig. 8(b) is a simulation result diagram of phase response of a second-order and a third-order resonant-type transmission unit;

[0037] Figure 9 Fig. 9 is a simulation result diagram of transmission phase of eight transmission units of an embodiment of the present application for realizing 360° phase shift;

[0038] Fig. 10 is a simulation radiation pattern of a transmissive array antenna of an embodiment of the present application in YOZ plane and XOZ plane at 10 GHz, wherein Fig. 10(a) is a simulation radiation pattern of the transmissive array antenna in YOZ plane at 10 GHz, and Fig. 10(b) is a simulation normalized radiation pattern of the transmissive array antenna in XOZ plane at 10 GHz;

[0039] Figure 11Figure of simulation results of the antenna gain-frequency curve of the embodiment of the present application;

[0040] Wherein, A is a feed antenna, B is a transmission array, 1 is a second-order resonant transmission unit, 11 is a first metal layer, 12 is a first dielectric layer, 13 is a ground plate, 14 is a second dielectric layer, 15 is a second metal layer, 16 is a metal column, 17 is a rectangular patch, 2 is a third-order resonant transmission unit, 21 is an L-shaped probe. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0041] In order to make the person skilled in the art better understand the present application, the following will be combined with the embodiment and the attached Figures 1-11 The technical scheme of the present application is further described.

[0042] In one embodiment, as shown in Figure 1 and Figure 2 A dual-dielectric transmission array antenna based on resonant transmission units is provided, which comprises a feed antenna A and a transmission array B, and the feed antenna A is located at the focal point of the transmission array B.

[0043] As shown in Figure 2 In this embodiment, eight different transmission units based on two transmission units with a phase difference of 90° are used to construct the transmission array B, and the eight transmission units achieve 360° phase shift, and a new 10GHz transmission array antenna composed of 20x20 units is designed.

[0044] Specifically, based on the second-order resonant transmission unit 1 and the third-order resonant transmission unit 2 with a phase difference of 90°, the transmission array B is constructed by rotating the receiving antenna and adjusting the size of the receiving antenna and the transmitting antenna in the second-order and / or third-order resonant transmission unit.

[0045] The eight different phase angle second-order resonant transmission units and third-order resonant transmission units achieve 360° phase adjustment of 3bit 8 states, and a new 10GHz transmission array antenna composed of 20x20 units is designed.

[0046] The two transmission units with a phase difference of 90° are respectively the second-order resonant transmission unit 1 and the third-order resonant transmission unit 2.

[0047] In this embodiment, the feed antenna A is a broadband conical horn antenna with a center frequency of 10GHz, which is used to radiate linearly polarized electromagnetic waves and is located at the focal point of the transmission array B. The specific position is that the vertical distance between the conical horn antenna and the transmission array is 342mm, as shown in Figure 1 .

[0048] The transmission array B used in this embodiment has a scale of 20x20 transmission units, including 400 transmission units. The transmission units here are second-order resonant transmission units 1 and third-order resonant transmission units 2.

[0049] The aperture surface size of the transmission array B is 280mmx280mm. The transmission array is designed according to the conventional focusing transmission array design theory, i.e., 20x20 second-order resonant transmission units 1 and third-order resonant transmission units 2 arranged in a quasi-periodic manner to form the transmission array B.

[0050] The phase distribution of the 20x20 transmission units is calculated according to the focal length, and the second-order resonant transmission units with four different phase angles and the third-order resonant transmission units with four different phase angles are used to convert the spherical electromagnetic wave emitted by the feed antenna A into a planar electromagnetic wave.

[0051] In the embodiment, as shown in FIG. 3(a), the size of the second-order resonant transmission unit 1 is 0.47 λ , wherein λ is the free space wavelength at 10GHz.

[0052] The second-order resonant transmission unit 1 includes a first metal layer 11, a first dielectric layer 12, a ground plate 13, a second dielectric layer 14, and a second metal layer 15 arranged in order from top to bottom. The first metal layer 11 and the second metal layer 15 are composed of two identical rectangular patches 17, the length and width of the rectangular patch 17 are l and w , and the edge of one end of the rectangular patch 17 is at a distance of c from the edge of the second-order resonant transmission unit 1, as shown in FIG. 4(a); the first metal layer 11 and the second metal layer 15 share a ground plate 13, which is located in the middle of the two dielectric layers, and a circular slot with a radius of 0.85mm is formed in the center of the ground plate 13 for mounting a metal column 16, as shown in FIG. 3(a).

[0053] The receiving antenna D of the second-order resonant transmission unit 1 includes the first metal layer 11, the first dielectric layer 12, the ground plate 13, and the metal column 16, and the transmitting antenna C includes the second metal layer 15, the second dielectric layer 14, the ground plate 13, and the metal column 16.

[0054] The second-order resonant transmission unit 1 has a metal column 16 penetrating between the first metal layer 11 and the second metal layer 15, the radius of the metal column 16 is 0.35mm, and the metal column 16 is located in the center of the second-order resonant transmission unit 1 and connected to the upper and lower rectangular patches. Both dielectric layers are composed of Rogers RO4003 dielectric substrates with a relative dielectric constant of 3.55 and a thickness of 0.05 λ .

[0055] As shown in Figure 3(b), the size of the third-order resonant transmission unit 2 is 0.47. λ ,in λ The free space wavelength is 10 GHz. It includes a first metal layer 11, a first dielectric layer 12, a ground plane 13, a second dielectric layer 14, and a second metal layer 15 arranged from top to bottom. The first metal layer and the second metal layer are composed of the same rectangular patch 17 and L-shaped probe 21.

[0056] Similarly, the receiving antenna D of the third-order resonant transmission unit 2 includes a first metal layer 11, a first dielectric layer 12, a ground plane 13, and a metal pillar 16, and the transmitting antenna C includes a second metal layer 15, a second dielectric layer 14, a ground plane 13, and a metal pillar 16.

[0057] As shown in Figure 5(a), the length and width of the rectangular patch 17 within the third-order resonant transmission unit 2 are respectively l 1 and w 1 A groove with the same shape as the L-shaped probe 21 is cut into the center of the rectangular patch 17, and the distance from the edge of the groove to one end edge of the rectangular patch is [length missing]. l 3 The L-shaped probe 21 is embedded in the slot. The L-shaped probe is composed of a square patch and a second rectangular patch. The side length of the square patch is... S 2 The length of the second rectangular patch is l 2 Width is w 2 The L-shaped probes are evenly embedded in the center of the groove, with a distance of 0.2mm from the edge of the groove. The groove in the center of the rectangular patch 17 consists of a square groove and a rectangular groove, where S1 is the side length of the square groove. The first metal layer and the second metal layer share a base plate 13, which has a circular groove with a radius of 0.85mm in the center for mounting metal posts.

[0058] As shown in Figure 5, in the third-order resonant transmission unit 2, a metal pillar with a radius of 0.35 mm runs through the space between the first and second metal layers. This pillar is located at the center of the unit and connects to two L-shaped probes. Both dielectric layers have a relative permittivity of 3.55 and a thickness of 0.05 mm. λ It is composed of Rogers RO4003 dielectric substrate.

[0059] Further, as shown in Figures 4 and 5, the second-order resonant transmission unit 1 has two states, state A and state B. State A is a first metal layer deviated to the negative direction of the x-axis, i.e., a 0° second-order resonant transmission unit. State B refers to the first metal layer of state A being rotated by 180° and deviated to the positive direction of the x-axis, i.e., a 180° second-order resonant transmission unit. Similarly, the third-order resonant transmission unit has state A, i.e., a 90° third-order resonant transmission unit, and state B, i.e., a 270° third-order resonant transmission unit.

[0060] In the embodiment, based on the second-order resonant transmission unit 1 and the third-order resonant transmission unit 2, eight second-order resonant transmission units and third-order resonant transmission units with phase differences of 45° are obtained by rotating the receiving antenna and adjusting the size of the receiving antenna and the transmitting antenna in the second-order resonant transmission unit and the third-order resonant transmission unit, 3bit 8-state 360° phase adjustment is realized, and 360° phase shift required by the transmission array is realized, including the following steps.

[0061] Step 1: Rotate the first metal layer in the second-order resonant transmission unit by 180°, and generate two quantized phases of 0° and 180° before and after rotation. Adjust the 0° second-order resonant transmission unit and the 180° second-order resonant transmission unit to obtain two quantized phases of 315° and 135°. In this step, four second-order resonant transmission units with phase angles of 0°, 180°, 315° and 135° are obtained.

[0062] Step 2: Rotate the first metal layer in the third-order resonant transmission unit by 180°, and generate two quantized phases of 90° and 270° before and after rotation. Adjust the 90° third-order resonant transmission unit and the 270° third-order resonant transmission unit to obtain two quantized phases of 45° and 225°. In this step, four third-order resonant transmission units with phase angles of 90°, 270°, 45° and 225° are obtained.

[0063] Finally, eight resonant transmission units with different phases of 0°, 45°, 90°, 135°, 180°, 225°, 270° and 315° are realized, and 360° phase shift is realized.

[0064] In the embodiment, the electromagnetic simulation software HFSS is used to optimize and simulate the eight resonant transmission units with different phases described above, and the sizes of the eight resonant transmission units with different phases are as follows:

[0065] The first transmission unit: the second-order resonant transmission unit is in state A, p = 14 mm, l = 7.67 mm, w = 9.36 mm, and c = 5.77 mm.

[0066] Second transmission unit: from the first transmission unit by changing the size of the patch of the first metal layer and the second metal layer, the center frequency of the transmission unit is shifted from 10 GHz to 9.5 GHz, which is 45° out of phase with the first unit, using a second-order resonant transmission unit in state A, p = 14 mm, l = 7.27 mm, w = 8.88 mm, c = 5.97 mm;

[0067] Third transmission unit: from the first transmission unit by loading an L-shaped probe, which is 90° out of phase with the first unit, using a third-order resonant transmission unit in state A, p = 14 mm, l1 = 7.03 mm, l2 = 2.8 mm, l3 = 1.32 mm, w1 = 9.1 mm, w2 = 0.7 mm, s1 = 1.2 mm, s2 = 1.6 mm;

[0068] Fourth transmission unit: from the third transmission unit by changing the size of the patch of the first metal layer and the second metal layer, the center frequency of the transmission unit is shifted from 10 GHz to 9.5 GHz, which is 45° out of phase with the third unit, using a third-order resonant transmission unit in state A, p = 14 mm, l1 = 6.77 mm, l2 = 2.6 mm, l3 = 1.2 mm, w1 = 8.66 mm, w2 = 0.7 mm, s1 = 1.2 mm, s2 = 1.6 mm;

[0069] Fifth transmission unit: from the first transmission unit by rotating the first metal layer, which is 180° out of phase with the first unit, using a second-order resonant transmission unit in state B, p = 14 mm, l = 7.84 mm, w = 8.84 mm, c = 5.68 mm;

[0070] Sixth transmission unit: from the fifth transmission unit by changing the size of the patch of the first metal layer and the second metal layer, the center frequency of the transmission unit is shifted from 10 GHz to 9.5 GHz, which is 45° out of phase with the fifth unit, using a second-order resonant transmission unit in state B, p = 14 mm, l = 7.27 mm, w = 8.88 mm, c = 5.97 mm;

[0071] Seventh transmission unit: from the fifth transmission unit by loading an L-shaped probe, which is 90° out of phase with the fifth unit, using a third-order resonant transmission unit in state B, p = 14 mm, l1 = 6.9 mm, l2 = 2.85 mm, l3 = 1 mm, w1 = 8.91 mm, w2 = 0.7 mm, s1 = 1.2 mm, s2 = 1.6 mm;

[0072] The eighth transmission unit: from the seventh transmission unit by changing the first metal layer and the second metal layer patch size, the center frequency of the transmission unit is shifted from 10GHz to 9.5GHz, which is 45° out of phase with the seventh unit, using a third-order resonant transmission unit in state B, p = 14mm, l1 = 6.66mm, l2 = 2.6mm, l3 = 1.03mm, w1 = 8.6mm, w2 = 0.7mm, s1 = 1.2mm, s2 = 1.6mm.

[0073] As shown in FIG. 6, the simulation results of the transmission amplitude and the transmission phase of the second-order resonant transmission unit and the third-order resonant transmission unit proposed in FIG. 3 in the embodiment are given, as shown in FIG. 6(a), the amplitude response diagram, the third-order resonant transmission unit compared with the second-order resonant transmission unit, because of the L-shaped probe loaded on it, a new resonance point is introduced at the center frequency, the second-order resonant transmission unit can be regarded as a second-order resonator, and the third-order resonant transmission unit can be regarded as a third-order resonator, with the increase of the resonator order, the phase at the center frequency increases by 90° in turn, and the modulus of the phase slope also gradually increases, as shown in FIG. 6(b), the phase of the third-order resonant transmission unit at the center frequency increases by 90° compared with the second-order resonant transmission unit, and the modulus of the slope also increases accordingly.

[0074] As shown in FIG. 6, the simulation results of the transmission amplitude and the transmission phase of the second-order resonant transmission unit and the third-order resonant transmission unit proposed in FIG. 3 in the embodiment are given, as shown in FIG. 6(a), the amplitude response diagram, the third-order resonant transmission unit compared with the second-order resonant transmission unit, because of the L-shaped probe loaded on it, a new resonance point is introduced at the center frequency, the second-order resonant transmission unit can be regarded as a second-order resonator, and the third-order resonant transmission unit can be regarded as a third-order resonator, with the increase of the resonator order, the phase at the center frequency increases by 90° in turn, and the modulus of the phase slope also gradually increases, as shown in FIG. 6(b), the phase of the third-order resonant transmission unit at the center frequency increases by 90° compared with the second-order resonant transmission unit, and the modulus of the slope also increases accordingly. Figure 7 As shown in FIG. 6, the simulation results of the transmission amplitude and the transmission phase of the second-order resonant transmission unit and the third-order resonant transmission unit proposed in FIG. 3 in the embodiment are given, as shown in FIG. 6(a), the amplitude response diagram, the third-order resonant transmission unit compared with the second-order resonant transmission unit, because of the L-shaped probe loaded on it, a new resonance point is introduced at the center frequency, the second-order resonant transmission unit can be regarded as a second-order resonator, and the third-order resonant transmission unit can be regarded as a third-order resonator, with the increase of the resonator order, the phase at the center frequency increases by 90° in turn, and the modulus of the phase slope also gradually increases, as shown in FIG. 6(b), the phase of the third-order resonant transmission unit at the center frequency increases by 90° compared with the second-order resonant transmission unit, and the modulus of the slope also increases accordingly.

[0075] As shown in FIG. 6, the simulation results of the transmission amplitude and the transmission phase of the second-order resonant transmission unit and the third-order resonant transmission unit proposed in FIG. 3 in the embodiment are given, as shown in FIG. 6(a), the amplitude response diagram, the third-order resonant transmission unit compared with the second-order resonant transmission unit, because of the L-shaped probe loaded on it, a new resonance point is introduced at the center frequency, the second-order resonant transmission unit can be regarded as a second-order resonator, and the third-order resonant transmission unit can be regarded as a third-order resonator, with the increase of the resonator order, the phase at the center frequency increases by 90° in turn, and the modulus of the phase slope also gradually increases, as shown in FIG. 6(b), the phase of the third-order resonant transmission unit at the center frequency increases by 90° compared with the second-order resonant transmission unit, and the modulus of the slope also increases accordingly.

[0076] Figure 9 As shown in FIG. 6, the simulation results of the transmission amplitude and the transmission phase of the second-order resonant transmission unit and the third-order resonant transmission unit proposed in FIG. 3 in the embodiment are given, as shown in FIG. 6(a), the amplitude response diagram, the third-order resonant transmission unit compared with the second-order resonant transmission unit, because of the L-shaped probe loaded on it, a new resonance point is introduced at the center frequency, the second-order resonant transmission unit can be regarded as a second-order resonator, and the third-order resonant transmission unit can be regarded as a third-order resonator, with the increase of the resonator order, the phase at the center frequency increases by 90° in turn, and the modulus of the phase slope also gradually increases, as shown in FIG. 6(b), the phase of the third-order resonant transmission unit at the center frequency increases by 90° compared with the second-order resonant transmission unit, and the modulus of the slope also increases accordingly.

[0077] As shown in Figure 10, the simulation normalized radiation patterns of the YOZ plane and the XOZ plane of the antenna of the embodiment at 10GHz are given, and the antenna beam direction and shape are reasonable at 10GHz.

[0078] Figure 11 The simulation result graph of the antenna gain of the embodiment is given, and it can be seen that the highest gain of the antenna of the embodiment is 26.6dBi, and a peak aperture efficiency of 42% is obtained at 10GHz.

[0079] In summary, the double dielectric layer transmission array antenna based on the resonant type transmission unit designed in the application has the advantages of light weight, low profile, low insertion loss, high gain and the like compared with the existing same kind of antenna.

[0080] The basic principles, main features and advantages of the application are shown and described above. It should be understood by those skilled in the art that the application is not limited by the above embodiments, and the above embodiments and descriptions in the specification are only to illustrate the principles of the application, and various changes and improvements can be made without departing from the spirit and scope of the application, and these changes and improvements all fall within the scope of the application.

Claims

1. A dual-dielectric-layer transmissive array antenna based on resonant transmissive elements, characterized in that, The antenna comprises a feed antenna and a transmission array; the feed antenna is used for radiating linearly polarized electromagnetic waves; the transmission array is located above the center of the transmission array and the vertical distance is set as the focal length F; the transmission array is composed of N*N second-order resonant type transmission units and / or third-order resonant type transmission units, N is an integer and N≥2; the second-order resonant type transmission unit and the third-order resonant type transmission unit have a phase difference of 90° at the center frequency; wherein the second-order resonant type transmission unit and the third-order resonant type transmission unit can obtain second-order resonant type transmission units and third-order resonant type transmission units with different phase angles through the combination of rotating the receiving antenna and adjusting the size of the receiving antenna and the transmitting antenna in the second-order and / or third-order resonant type transmission unit; the second-order resonant type transmission unit comprises a first metal layer, a first dielectric layer, a ground plate, a second dielectric layer and a second metal layer arranged in order from top to bottom, a rectangular patch is arranged on the first metal layer and the second metal layer, and the two rectangular patches are resonant and coupled; the ground plate is a radio frequency ground shared by the first metal layer and the second metal layer, a metal column is arranged on the ground plate, the center of the first metal layer and the second metal layer penetrates the metal column and connects the two rectangular patches, realizing the coupling and transmission of electromagnetic waves; the third-order resonant type transmission unit comprises a first metal layer, a first dielectric layer, a ground plate, a second dielectric layer, a second metal layer arranged in order from top to bottom, and the first metal layer and the second metal layer are composed of the same rectangular patch and L-shaped probe.

2. The dual-dielectric-layer transmissive array antenna based on resonant-type transmissive cells according to claim 1, wherein, The first metal layer and the second metal layer share a ground plate, and a circular slot is dug in the center of the ground plate to install the metal column. 3.The dual-dielectric-layer transmissive array antenna based on resonant-type transmissive cells of claim 1, wherein, A slot is dug in the center of the rectangular patch, and an L-shaped probe is placed in the slot.

4. The dual-dielectric-layer transmissive array antenna based on resonant-type transmissive cells according to claim 1, wherein, The second-order resonant type transmission unit and the third-order resonant type transmission unit are changed to obtain four second-order resonant type transmission units and third-order resonant type transmission units with different phase angles, realizing 3bit 360° phase adjustment of 8 states; the specific method is as follows: The second-order resonant type transmission unit is marked as a 0° phase transmission unit, and the third-order resonant type transmission unit is marked as a 90° phase transmission unit; Step 1, rotate the first metal layer in the second-order resonant type transmission unit by 180°, which produces two quantized phases of 0° and 180° before and after rotation; adjust the size and position of the rectangular patch arranged on the first metal layer and the second metal layer in the 0° second-order resonant type transmission unit and the 180° second-order resonant type transmission unit, to obtain two quantized phases of 315° and 135°; This step obtains four second-order resonant type transmission units with phase angles of 0°, 180°, 315° and 135°; Step 2, rotate the first metal layer in the third-order resonant type transmission unit by 180°, which produces two quantized phases of 90° and 270° before and after rotation; adjust the size and position of the rectangular patch and L-shaped probe arranged on the first metal layer and the second metal layer in the 90° third-order resonant type transmission unit and the 270° third-order resonant type transmission unit, to obtain two quantized phases of 45° and 225°; This step obtains four third-order resonant type transmission units with phase angles of 90°, 270°, 45° and 225°.

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