Ventilation and dust control device for underground coal mining face

Abstract

The present invention discloses a ventilation and dust control device for an underground coal mine excavation working face, comprising a telescopic connecting wind tube and a wet dust collector installed on a comprehensive excavation machine, wherein the end of the telescopic connecting wind tube facing the front face is integrally connected with an air distribution structure, and the end away from the front face is connected to a pressure wind tube; the end of the telescopic connecting wind tube facing the front face is connected with a ventilation straight cylinder, and a first air guide plate with an annular structure is arranged on the side of the ventilation straight cylinder facing the front face, and the two are concentrically arranged and have the same inner diameter, and the air outlet end of the ventilation straight cylinder is connected with a conical cylinder, and the ventilation straight cylinder, the conical cylinder and the first air guide plate cooperate to form an air distribution structure. The present invention directly installs the telescopic connecting wind tube and the air distribution structure on the comprehensive excavation machine, and the distance between the dust suppression wind curtain generated by the air distribution structure and the front face remains unchanged, and the dust diffusion area remains unchanged. In conjunction with the wet dust removal fan, the dust in this area can be quickly reduced and processed, and the working environment of the working face is effectively guaranteed.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of ventilation and dust control in coal mines, and in particular to a ventilation and dust control device for an underground mining working face in a coal mine. Background Art

[0002] At present, the wall-attached wind duct technology has been proposed for the dust control wind curtain of the underground coal mine excavation face. Its principle is to add a wall-attached wind duct and form an invisible dust suppression wind curtain near the head under the action of the wall-attached effect, suppressing the high-concentration dust near the head, and then use the fan to extract and purify the dust, with a good dust reduction effect. The earliest proposed wall-attached wind duct device was installed in the middle of two conventional compressed air ducts. As the excavation moves forward, it is necessary to manually move the heavier wall-attached wind duct forward, which is a large workload and there is a risk of high-altitude operation. Later, it was proposed to install a front air splitter at the outlet of the compressed air duct to split the compressed air flow into axial air flow and radial air flow, reduce the axial air flow volume flowing to the front of the head, and adjust the axial radial air volume according to the head gas concentration and dust escape, so as to achieve the dual effects of ventilation and dust control.

[0003] However, if a pre-air separator is installed at the air outlet of the compressed air cylinder, its ventilation and dust control effect will still be affected by the forward movement of the tunnel boring machine, because the dust collector is installed on the tunnel boring machine. After the radial airflow generated by the air separator forms a dust suppression wind curtain, the dust between the dust suppression wind curtain and the head surface is mainly reduced by the dust collector on the tunnel boring machine. As the excavation moves forward, the distance between the pre-air separator and the tail of the tunnel boring machine will become farther and farther, until the distance between the air outlet of the compressed air cylinder and the head surface exceeds the specified value (generally 20 to 30 meters) and a new compressed air cylinder is connected. However, in this process, the distance between the dust suppression wind curtain generated by the air separator and the head surface is constantly increasing, so the dust diffusion area is constantly increasing, especially dust is constantly diffusing to the rear of the dust removal fan, which will lead to a decrease in the dust removal effect of the dust removal fan and an increasingly larger area affected by the line of sight, which is not conducive to the safe operation of personnel. Summary of the invention

[0004] In order to solve the technical problems existing in the above-mentioned prior art, the present invention provides a ventilation and dust control device for an underground coal mine excavation working face.

[0005] To achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the present invention provides the following technical solutions: a ventilation and dust control device for an underground coal mine excavation working face, comprising a telescopic connecting wind tube and a wet dust collector installed on a comprehensive excavation machine, wherein the telescopic connecting wind tube and the wet dust collector are distributed on both sides of the comprehensive excavation machine, and an end of the telescopic connecting wind tube facing the front surface is integrally formed and connected with an air distribution structure, and an end away from the front surface is connected to a pressure wind tube;

[0006] One end of the telescopic connecting air duct facing the heading face is integrally formed with a ventilation straight duct. A first air guiding plate in a ring structure is arranged on one side of the ventilation straight duct facing the heading face. The two are concentrically arranged and have the same inner diameter. The air outlet end of the ventilation straight duct is connected with a conical duct. The inlet port diameter of the conical duct is smaller than that of the ventilation straight duct, and the outlet end is consistent with the inner diameter of the first air guiding plate. The ventilation straight duct, the conical duct and the first air guiding plate cooperate to form an air distribution structure, and the ventilation straight duct can move axially relative to the first air guiding plate to change the axial air flow size.

[0007] Preferably, a base is arranged above the full-section tunneling machine for fixing the telescopic connecting air duct. The first air guiding plate is integrally formed and fixed at the front end of the base. Two support plates are fixedly connected to the bottom of the telescopic connecting air duct. Two slide rails are fixedly arranged along the length direction of the upper end of the base. The two support plates are located on the slide rails and are slidably connected thereto. A threaded rod is rotatably installed along the length direction above the base. Both support plates are threadedly connected to the threaded rod. The motor shaft of the motor penetrates through the first air guiding plate and is fixedly connected to the threaded rod.

[0008] Preferably, the telescopic connecting air duct includes a first sleeve and a plurality of second sleeves arranged inside the first sleeve. The plurality of second sleeves are sleeved together in sequence, and the innermost second sleeve is connected to the compressed air duct.

[0009] Preferably, four support feet are integrally formed and connected to the bottom of the base. A first limit post is fixedly installed vertically at the position corresponding to each support foot on the full-section tunneling machine. An oil cylinder is installed at the center of the top of the full-section tunneling machine corresponding to the base.

[0010] Preferably, the tail of the wet dust collector is connected with a second air guiding plate concentrically arranged with it through several second connecting rods. The second air guiding plate is in a ring structure, and its inner diameter is consistent with the diameter of the air outlet end of the wet dust collector. A blocking plate is arranged on one side of the second air guiding plate. A conical protrusion is integrally formed and connected to the plate surface of the blocking plate facing the second air guiding plate. The large diameter end of the conical protrusion is consistent with the inner diameter of the second air guiding plate.

[0011] Preferably, the second air guiding plate and the first air guiding plate are located in the same plane along the length direction of the full-section tunneling machine.

[0012] Preferably, through holes are opened at the centers of the blocking plate and the conical protrusion.

[0013] Preferably, the blocking plate is rotatably connected to the mounting seat fixed on the top of the full-section tunneling machine. When the conical duct moves towards the first air guiding plate, the blocking plate rotates clockwise from the vertical state to the horizontal state relative to the second air guiding plate.

[0014] Preferably, a telescopic plate is installed on the circumferential surface of the ventilation straight duct. The telescopic plate is arranged vertically. The movable end of the telescopic plate is connected to the ventilation straight duct, and the fixed end is slidably sleeved with the second limit post fixed on the full-section tunneling machine;

[0015] An avoidance groove is formed at a position on the plate surface of the base corresponding to the telescopic plate;

[0016] A first rack is fixedly connected to one side of the fixed end of the telescopic plate facing the wet dust collector. An arc-shaped swing plate is rotatably installed in the middle of the full-face tunneling machine. The first meshing teeth are distributed on the arc surfaces at both ends of the arc-shaped swing plate. The first rack meshes with the first meshing teeth on one arc surface of the arc-shaped swing plate. A chute is also provided at the top of the full-face tunneling machine. A sliding plate is slidably installed in the chute along its length direction. A second rack is integrally formed and connected to one side of the top of the sliding plate facing the arc-shaped swing plate. The second rack meshes with the first meshing teeth on the other arc surface of the arc-shaped swing plate;

[0017] The bottom of the second air guide plate is rotatably connected to the mounting seat through a central shaft. The central shaft penetrates through the mounting seat and is fixedly sleeved with a second gear. A first gear meshing with the second gear is also rotatably installed on the side surface of the mounting seat. The second meshing teeth meshing with the first gear are distributed on the upper end surface of the sliding plate.

[0018] Preferably, the second air guide plate and the blocking plate are kept relatively fixed by a magnetic attraction method.

[0019] Compared with the prior art, the present invention provides a ventilation and dust control device for the underground coal mining working face, which has the following beneficial effects:

[0020] (1) In the present invention, the telescopic connecting air duct and the air distribution structure are directly installed on the full-face tunneling machine. During the coal mining process, as the full-face tunneling machine continuously moves forward, several second sleeves slide axially relative to each other and expand in sequence, which can ensure that the position of the air outlet of the telescopic connecting air duct remains fixed. The distance between the dust suppression air curtain generated by the air distribution structure and the heading face always remains unchanged, and the diffusion area of the dust always remains unchanged. With the cooperation of the wet dust removal fan, the dust in this area can be quickly dust-removed, and the working environment of the working face is effectively guaranteed.

[0021] (2) The ventilation straight tube, the conical tube and the first air guide plate cooperate with each other to form an air distribution structure. When the large-diameter end of the conical tube is attached to the first air guide plate, a part of the air flow inside the telescopic connecting air duct blows out from the inside of the conical tube and flows towards the heading face, and another part of the air flow flows out along the outside of the conical tube. Under the guiding action of the outer surface of the conical tube, this part of the air flow blows towards the first air guide plate and finally forms a radial air flow flowing radially along the first air guide plate. Moreover, the radial air flow faces in all directions, so that the area where the dust suppression air curtain acts is large, and the control effect on the dust is guaranteed.

[0022] (3) The present invention also utilizes the airflow at the tail of the wet dust collector to generate radial airflows in this part as well. The two radial airflows act together for dust suppression ventilation. The second air guiding plate and the first air guiding plate at the tail of the wet dust collector are in the same plane. The airflow blown out by the wet dust collector forms a radial airflow under the guiding action of the conical protrusion and the action of the second air guiding plate. When the gas concentration at the heading face increases, the ventilation straight cylinder moves towards the first air guiding plate, and the blocking plate rotates clockwise. When the ventilation straight cylinder is in full contact with the first air guiding plate, the blocking plate just rotates to the horizontal state. At this time, both radial airflows disappear, and the axial airflow increases, which can quickly dilute the gas at the heading face. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0023] The drawings are used to provide a further understanding of the present invention and constitute a part of the specification. They are used together with the embodiments of the present invention to explain the present invention and do not constitute a limitation to the present invention. In the drawings:

[0024] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the entire ventilation and dust control device applied to a full-face roadheader in the embodiment;

[0025] Figure 2 is Figure 1 the top view structure diagram in

[0026] Figure 3 It is an assembly schematic diagram of the telescopic connecting air duct and the air distribution structure on the base in the embodiment;

[0027] Figure 4 It is a connection schematic diagram of the conical cylinder and the ventilation straight cylinder in the embodiment;

[0028] Figure 5 It is a sectional structure schematic diagram of the telescopic connecting air duct and the air distribution structure after being cut in the embodiment;

[0029] Figure 6 It is a distribution schematic diagram of each structure at the bottom of the base in the embodiment;

[0030] Figure 7 It is a sectional view of the telescopic connecting air duct after being unfolded in the embodiment;

[0031] Figure 8 It is a schematic diagram of the air guiding structure installed at the tail of the wet dust collector when in the air guiding state in the embodiment;

[0032] Figure 9 It is a schematic diagram of the separated state of the blocking plate and the second air guiding plate in the embodiment;

[0033] Figure 10 It is a distribution schematic diagram of the arc swing plate on the full-face roadheader and two racks respectively in the embodiment.

[0034] In the figure: 1. Roadheader; 2. Telescopic connecting air duct; 201. First sleeve; 202. Second sleeve; 3. Wet dust collector; 4. Air guiding structure; 5. Air distributing structure; 6. Arc swing plate; 7. Base; 8. First air guiding plate; 9. Conical cylinder; 10. Support plate; 11. Threaded rod; 12. Slide rail; 13. Motor; 14. First limit post; 15. Support foot; 16. Ventilation straight cylinder; 17. First connecting rod; 18. Telescopic plate; 19. First rack; 20. Second limit post; 21. Oil cylinder; 22. Avoidance groove; 23. First gear; 24. Second air guiding plate; 25. Plug plate; 26. Second rack; 27. Slide groove; 28. Second connecting rod; 29. Conical protrusion; 30. Mounting seat; 31. Second gear; 32. Second meshing tooth; 33. Slide plate. Detailed implementation manners

[0035] The following will clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all the embodiments. Usually, the components of the embodiments of the present invention described and shown in the accompanying drawings here can be arranged and designed in various different configurations. Therefore, the following detailed description of the embodiments of the present invention provided in the accompanying drawings is not intended to limit the scope of the claimed present invention, but only represents the selected embodiments of the present invention. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the present invention without creative efforts fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0036] This embodiment provides a ventilation and dust control device for underground coal mining and excavation working faces, as Figures 1 to 10 shown, which includes a telescopic connecting air duct 2 and a wet dust collector 3 installed on the roadheader 1. The telescopic connecting air duct 2 and the wet dust collector 3 are distributed on both sides of the roadheader 1. One end of the telescopic connecting air duct 2 facing the heading face is integrally formed with an air distributing structure 5, and the other end facing away from the heading face is connected to the compressed air duct. The air flow inside the compressed air duct passes through the telescopic connecting air duct 2 and finally blows from the air distributing structure 5 to the heading face. When the air distributing structure 5 acts, the air flow inside the telescopic connecting air duct 2 can be divided into a radial air flow and an axial air flow. Among them, the axial air flow continues to blow towards the heading face to control the gas concentration of the working face, while the radial air flow forms a dust suppression air curtain to cooperate with the wet dust collector 3 for dust removal.

[0037] The telescopic connecting air duct 2 in the present invention includes a first sleeve 201 and a plurality of second sleeves 202 arranged inside the first sleeve 201. The plurality of second sleeves 202 are also sleeved together in sequence (with diameters decreasing in sequence). In the initial state, the air outlet of the compressed air duct is connected to the second sleeve 202 with the smallest diameter. As the full-face tunneling machine 1 continuously moves forward, several second sleeves 202 slide axially relative to each other and expand in sequence, so as to ensure that the position of the air outlet of the telescopic connecting air duct 2 remains fixed, and the distance between the dust suppression air curtain generated by the air distribution structure 5 and the heading face always remains unchanged. In actual work, the length of a section of compressed air duct is usually 10 m. Therefore, in this application, the lengths of the first sleeve 201 and the second sleeves 202 can be set to 3.5 m, and two second sleeves 202 are designed in total. When all the second sleeves 202 are fully expanded, a new compressed air duct needs to be connected.

[0038] During the underground operation, as the fully mechanized heading machine 1 continuously moves forward, the second sleeve 202 slides out from inside the first sleeve 201. Eventually, the length of the telescopic connecting air duct 2 should reach more than ten meters. This span will cause the middle part of the telescopic connecting air duct 2 to sag, affecting the ventilation quality and even damaging the telescopic connecting air duct 2. Therefore, it is necessary to ensure that all the second sleeves 202 and the first sleeves 201 are as parallel as possible to the compressed air duct. Based on this consideration, in this application, hanging interfaces are provided on the outer walls of the first sleeve 201 and all the second sleeves 202. The purpose of the hanging interfaces is to tie thin iron wires to suspend the telescopic connecting air duct 2 to the roadway roof. Usually, before the operating personnel continue to connect the compressed air duct, they will tie an 8# iron wire about ten meters long in the direction towards the heading face at the air outlet of the compressed air duct. The two ends of the 8# iron wire are respectively fixed on the steel mesh. There are hanging interfaces on the compressed air duct every one meter for tying thin iron wires. The workers tie the thin iron wires to the hanging interfaces on the compressed air duct in advance, and then wind the thin iron wires around the 8# iron wire. All the thin iron wires slide on the 8# iron wire, so that the compressed air duct can be unfolded. Subsequently, after connecting two adjacent compressed air ducts together, the thin iron wires on the compressed air duct are connected to the steel mesh on the roof, so as to ensure that the air duct can be leveled. When the entire telescopic connecting air duct 2 is in use, the same principle is adopted. The workers tie an 8# iron wire about ten meters long in the direction towards the heading face above the telescopic connecting air duct 2 in advance. The second sleeve 202 with the smallest diameter is hermetically connected to the compressed air duct. As the fully mechanized heading machine 1 advances forward, the second sleeve 202 with the smallest diameter slides out first. The workers can connect the thin iron wire to the hanging interface in the middle of the second sleeve 202, and then wind the thin iron wire around the 8# iron wire, so as to form a suspension for all the second sleeves 202. When all the second sleeves 202 are unfolded, it is necessary to continue to connect the compressed air duct. At this time, the second sleeve 202 and the connected compressed air duct are disassembled, and the workers can stand on the fully mechanized heading machine 1 to pull the second sleeve 202 back for reset. The 8# iron wire fixed on the roof can be used for the newly connected compressed air duct.

[0039] In the above solution, since the tail of the telescopic connecting air duct 2 is basically located at the tail of the fully mechanized heading machine 1, when the fully mechanized heading machine 1 is mining coal, the operating personnel use thin iron wires to suspend the second sleeve 202 to the 8# iron wire. For the convenience of the workers' operation, the hanging interface on the outer wall of the second sleeve 202 can be arranged at the tail. When the second sleeve 202 just slides out, the personnel can stand on the fully mechanized heading machine 1 to suspend it.

[0040] One end of the telescopic connecting air duct 2 in the present invention is integrally formed and connected with a ventilation straight duct 16 facing the heading face, and one end of the base 7 is integrally formed and connected with a first air guiding plate 8 in a ring structure. Moreover, the first air guiding plate 8 and the ventilation straight duct 16 are concentrically arranged, and their inner diameters are the same. A conical cylinder 9 is arranged at the air outlet end of the ventilation straight duct 16. The inlet air port diameter of the conical cylinder 9 is smaller than that of the ventilation straight duct 16, and the outlet end is consistent with the inner diameter of the first air guiding plate 8. The inlet end of the conical cylinder 9 is fixedly connected with the ventilation straight duct 16 through several first connecting rods 17 distributed radially. The ventilation straight duct 16, the conical cylinder 9 and the first air guiding plate 8 cooperate to form a wind distribution structure 5. When the large-diameter end of the conical cylinder 9 is attached to the first air guiding plate 8, a part of the air flow inside the telescopic connecting air duct 2 blows out from the inside of the conical cylinder 9 and flows towards the heading face, and another part of the air flow flows out along the outside of the conical cylinder 9. Under the guiding action of the outer surface of the conical cylinder 9, this part of the air flow blows towards the first air guiding plate 8 and finally flows radially along the first air guiding plate 8 to form a radial air flow, and the radial air flow faces in all directions, so that the area of the dust suppression air curtain effect is larger and the control effect on dust is guaranteed. When the gas concentration at the heading face is relatively high, it is necessary to increase the axial air flow and reduce the radial air flow. At this time, the telescopic connecting air duct 2 can be driven to move towards the first air guiding plate 8 so that the air outlet end of the ventilation straight duct 16 abuts against the first air guiding plate 8. At this time, since the air flow blown out by the ventilation straight duct 16 loses the blockage of the first air guiding plate 8, all of it presents an axial air flow and no radial air flow is generated, and the accumulated gas at the heading face is diluted by increasing the axial air flow.

[0041] In addition, although the telescopic connecting air duct 2 and the air distribution structure 5 in the present invention are installed on the fully mechanized heading machine 1, since the compressed air duct is usually installed at the top of the roadway, the heights of the telescopic connecting air duct 2 and the air distribution structure 5 also need to be coordinated with the compressed air duct. However, if the heights of the telescopic connecting air duct 2 and the air distribution structure 5 are too high, it will affect the flexibility of the movement of the fully mechanized heading machine 1. Therefore, the telescopic connecting air duct 2 and the air distribution structure 5 in this application do not work during the day shift. There is no production during the day shift, and no dust is generated. At this time, the air flow at the working face is provided by the compressed air duct. The entire telescopic connecting air duct 2 and the air distribution structure 5 are in a lower position on the fully mechanized heading machine 1, which is convenient for workers to operate the fully mechanized heading machine 1 to move and cooperate with the interlocking equipment to extend the belt. When production starts at night, the night shift workers need to seal and connect the second sleeve 202 and the compressed air duct in advance. When connecting, the positions of the telescopic connecting air duct 2 and the air distribution structure 5 need to be raised to be adapted to the compressed air duct. To meet the flexible requirements of day shift maintenance and night shift production, four support feet 15 are integrally formed and connected to the bottom of the base 7 in the present invention. At the position corresponding to each support foot 15 on the fully mechanized heading machine 1, a first limit post 14 is fixedly installed in the vertical direction. An oil cylinder 21 is also installed at the center of the top of the fully mechanized heading machine 1 corresponding to the base 7. The oil cylinder 21 is used to drive the base 7 to move in the vertical direction, thereby realizing the adjustment of the heights of the telescopic connecting air duct 2 and the air distribution structure 5.

[0042] The movement of the conical cylinder 9 relative to the first air guide plate 8 is driven by a motor 13 installed outside the first air guide plate 8. Specifically, two support plates 10 are fixedly connected to the bottom of the first sleeve 201. Two slide rails 12 are fixedly arranged along the length direction of the upper end of the base 7. The two support plates 10 are located on the slide rails 12 and are slidably connected thereto. A threaded rod 11 is rotatably installed along the length direction above the base 7. The two support plates 10 are both threadedly connected to the threaded rod 11. The motor shaft of the motor 13 penetrates through the first air guide plate 8 and is fixedly connected to the threaded rod 11.

[0043] After the air distribution structure 5 acts on the air flow inside the telescopic connecting air duct 2 to form a radial air flow, the radial air flow forms a dust suppression air curtain, which can suppress the dust generated at the heading face between the fully mechanized heading machine 1 and the heading face. The dust in this area is quickly dust-removed by the wet dust collector 3. The wet dust collector 3 sucks in the air with dust, and the dust in the air is filtered and finally blown out from the tail of the wet dust collector 3. Since the telescopic connecting air duct 2 and the air distribution structure 5 are installed on one side of the fully mechanized heading machine 1, although the air distribution structure 5 can make the air flow in the telescopic connecting air duct 2 form a radial air flow, when the radial air flow blows to one side of the wet dust collector 3, its wind force gradually decreases, and the dust suppression effect gradually weakens. The present invention makes full use of the air flow at the tail of the wet dust collector 3 to also generate a radial air flow for this part of the air flow. The combined action of the two radial air flows can improve the dust suppression effect. In view of this, the present invention first connects a second air guide plate 24 concentric with it through several second connecting rods 28 at the tail of the wet dust collector 3. The second air guide plate 24 also adopts an annular structure, and its inner diameter is the same as the diameter of the air outlet end of the wet dust collector 3. One side of the second air guide plate 24 is provided with a plug plate 25. A conical protrusion 29 is integrally formed on the plate surface of the plug plate 25 facing the second air guide plate 24. The large diameter end of the conical protrusion 29 is the same as the inner diameter of the second air guide plate 24. The plug plate 25 is rotatably connected to the mounting seat 30 fixed on the top of the fully mechanized heading machine 1. When the plug plate 25 rotates from the horizontal state to the vertical state relative to the mounting seat 30, the conical protrusion 29 just fits into the inside of the second air guide plate 24. At this time, the air flow blown out from the wet dust collector 3 forms a radial air flow with the guiding action of the conical protrusion 29 and under the action of the second air guide plate 24. Of course, in order to ensure the circulation of part of the air behind the heading face and the fully mechanized heading machine 1, a through hole is penetrated and opened at the center of the plug plate 25 and the conical protrusion 29. Part of the air flow blown out from the inside of the wet dust collector 3 forms a radial air flow, and the other part flows along the through hole to the rear of the fully mechanized heading machine 1. When the gas concentration at the heading face is too high, the plug plate 25 can also rotate to the horizontal state, so that all the air flow inside the wet dust collector 3 blows axially to the rear of the fully mechanized heading machine 1 to ensure that the gas is diluted smoothly.

[0044] By the action of the air guiding structure 4 on the tail of the wet dust collector 3, the air flow inside the wet dust collector 3 can be guided, while the air distributing structure 5 can distribute the air flow inside the telescopic connecting air duct 2. In order to enable the two to cooperate to jointly achieve dust suppression, the second air guiding plate 24 and the first air guiding plate 8 must be located in the same plane in the longitudinal direction of the full-face tunneling machine 1, and when the conical cylinder 9 moves relative to the first air guiding plate 8, the blocking plate 25 can also rotate relative to the second air guiding plate 24. To achieve this purpose, the present invention first installs a telescopic plate 18 on the circumferential surface of the ventilation straight cylinder 16. The telescopic plate 18 is arranged in the vertical direction. The movable end of the telescopic plate 18 is connected to the ventilation straight cylinder 16, and the fixed end is slidably sleeved with a second limit post 20 fixed on the full-face tunneling machine 1. When the base 7 moves upward, the telescopic plate 18 extends under the limiting action of the second limit post 20. When the conical cylinder 9 moves relative to the first air guiding plate 8, the telescopic plate 18 slides along the axial direction of the second limit post 20. An avoidance groove 22 is formed on the surface of the base 7 corresponding to the movement track of the telescopic plate 18. A first rack 19 is fixedly connected to the side of the fixed end of the telescopic plate 18 facing the wet dust collector 3. An arc-shaped swing plate 6 is rotatably installed in the middle of the full-face tunneling machine 1. The first meshing teeth are distributed on the arc surfaces at both ends of the arc-shaped swing plate 6. The first rack 19 meshes with the first meshing teeth on one arc surface of the arc-shaped swing plate 6. A chute 27 is also opened at the top of the full-face tunneling machine 1. A sliding plate 33 is slidably installed inside the chute 27 along its length direction. A second rack 26 is integrally formed and connected to the side of the top of the sliding plate 33 facing the arc-shaped swing plate 6. The second rack 26 meshes with the first meshing teeth on the other arc surface of the arc-shaped swing plate 6. The bottom of the second air guiding plate 24 is rotatably connected to the mounting seat 30 through a central axis. The central axis penetrates through the mounting seat 30 and is fixedly sleeved with a second gear 31. A first gear 23 meshing with the second gear 31 is also rotatably installed on the side of the mounting seat 30. The upper end surface of the sliding plate 33 is distributed with second meshing teeth 32 meshing with the first gear 23. When the ventilation straight cylinder 16 moves towards the first air guiding plate 8, the first rack 19 meshes with the arc-shaped swing plate 6, causing the arc-shaped swing plate 6 to rotate clockwise. The arc-shaped swing plate 6 meshes with the second rack 26 and will drive the sliding plate 33 to slide inside the chute 27. Since the second gear 31 only needs to rotate 90°, when the arc-shaped swing plate 6 swings to drive the sliding plate 33 to slide inside the chute 27, the second meshing teeth 32 on the top of the sliding plate 33 do not contact and mesh with the first gear 23 first. When the ventilation straight cylinder 16 is about to contact the first air guiding plate 8, the second meshing teeth 32 begin to mesh with the first gear 23, causing the blocking plate 25 to rotate clockwise. When the ventilation straight cylinder 16 and the first air guiding plate 8 are in full contact, the blocking plate 25 just rotates to the horizontal state, and at this time, both radial air flows disappear.After the gas on the head-on side is diluted, the conical cylinder 9 quickly returns to its initial position, and the plug plate 25 also rotates in the reverse direction to reset, reforming two radial airflows. It should be noted that since the first gear 23 does not contact and mesh with the second meshing tooth 32 when the plug plate 25 is in the initial position, the second air deflector 24 and the plug plate 25 can be relatively fixed by magnetic attraction to prevent the airflow at the tail of the wet dust collector 3 from acting on the plug plate 25 and causing it to rotate.

[0045] In the description of the present invention, the terms "first", "second", "another", and "yet another" are only used for descriptive purposes and cannot be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the quantity of the indicated technical features. Thus, features defined with "first" and "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more features. In the description of the embodiments of the present invention, the meaning of "a plurality" is two or more unless otherwise specifically defined.

[0046] In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that unless otherwise clearly specified and defined, the terms "connected" and "coupled" should be understood in a broad sense. For example, it may be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it may be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it may be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium. For those of ordinary skill in the art, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood in specific situations. In addition, in the description of the present invention, unless otherwise stated, the meaning of "a plurality" is two or more.

[0047] Although the embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, those of ordinary skill in the art can understand that various changes, modifications, substitutions, and variations can be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the present invention. The scope of the present invention is defined by the claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A ventilation and dust control device for an underground coal mine working face, characterized in that: The invention comprises a telescopic connecting air cylinder (2) and a wet dust collector (3) installed on a multi-purpose excavator (1); the telescopic connecting air cylinder (2) and the wet dust collector (3) are distributed on both sides of the multi-purpose excavator (1); an end of the telescopic connecting air cylinder (2) facing the front surface is integrally connected to an air distribution structure (5); and an end facing away from the front surface is connected to a pressure air cylinder; The end of the telescopic connecting wind tube (2) facing the front surface is integrally connected to a ventilation straight tube (16); a first air guide plate (8) having an annular structure is provided on the side of the ventilation straight tube (16) facing the front surface; the two are arranged concentrically and have the same inner diameter; the air outlet end of the ventilation straight tube (16) is connected to a conical tube (9); the air inlet port diameter of the conical tube (9) is smaller than that of the ventilation straight tube (16); the air outlet end is consistent with the inner diameter of the first air guide plate (8); the ventilation straight tube (16), the conical tube (9) and the first air guide plate (8) cooperate to form an air distribution structure (5); and the ventilation straight tube (16) can move axially relative to the first air guide plate (8) to change the size of the axial wind flow; The tail of the wet dust collector (3) is connected to a second air guide plate (24) arranged concentrically therewith via a plurality of second connecting rods (28); the second air guide plate (24) is annular in structure, and its inner diameter is consistent with the diameter of the air outlet end of the wet dust collector (3); a blocking plate (25) is arranged on one side of the second air guide plate (24); a conical protrusion (29) is integrally formed and connected to the plate surface of the blocking plate (25) facing the second air guide plate (24); the large diameter end of the conical protrusion (29) is consistent with the inner diameter of the second air guide plate (24); A telescopic plate (18) is installed on the circumferential surface of the ventilation cylinder (16), the telescopic plate (18) is arranged in the vertical direction, the movable end of the telescopic plate (18) is connected to the ventilation cylinder (16), and the fixed end is slidably sleeved with a second limit column (20) fixed to the excavator (1); An avoidance groove (22) is formed on the plate surface of the base (7) at a position corresponding to the telescopic plate (18); A first rack (19) is fixedly connected to the fixed end of the telescopic plate (18) facing the side of the wet dust collector (3); an arc-shaped swing plate (6) is rotatably mounted in the middle of the comprehensive excavator (1); first meshing teeth are distributed on the arc surfaces at both ends of the arc-shaped swing plate (6); the first rack (19) meshes with the first meshing teeth on the arc surface of one side of the arc-shaped swing plate (6); a slide groove (27) is also provided on the top of the comprehensive excavator (1); a sliding plate (33) is slidably mounted inside the slide groove (27) along its length direction; a second rack (26) is integrally formed and connected to the top of the sliding plate (33) facing the side of the arc-shaped swing plate (6); the second rack (26) meshes with the first meshing teeth on the arc surface of the other side of the arc-shaped swing plate (6); The bottom of the second air guide plate (24) is rotatably connected to the mounting seat (30) via a central axis, the central axis passes through the mounting seat (30) and is fixedly sleeved with a second gear (31), a first gear (23) meshing with the second gear (31) is rotatably mounted on the side of the mounting seat (30), and a second meshing tooth (32) meshing with the first gear (23) is distributed on the upper end surface of the sliding plate (33).

2. The ventilation and dust control device for underground coal mine excavation working face according to claim 1 is characterized in that: A base (7) is arranged above the tunnel boring machine (1) for fixing the telescopic connecting wind tube (2); a first wind guide plate (8) is integrally formed and fixed to the front end of the base (7); two support plates (10) are fixedly connected to the bottom of the telescopic connecting wind tube (2); two slide rails (12) are fixed to the upper end of the base (7) along its length direction; the two support plates (10) are seated on the slide rails (12) and are slidably connected thereto; a threaded rod (11) is also rotatably mounted above the base (7) along its length direction; the two support plates (10) are both threadedly connected to the threaded rod (11); and a motor shaft of the motor (13) passes through the first wind guide plate (8) and is fixedly connected to the threaded rod (11).

3. The ventilation and dust control device for underground coal mine excavation working face according to claim 2 is characterized in that: The telescopic connecting air cylinder (2) comprises a first sleeve (201) and a plurality of second sleeves (202) arranged inside the first sleeve (201); the plurality of second sleeves (202) are sleeved together in sequence, and the innermost second sleeve (202) is connected to the compressed air cylinder.

4. The ventilation and dust control device for an underground coal mine excavation working face according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that: The bottom of the base (7) is integrally formed with four supporting legs (15), a first limiting column (14) is fixedly installed in the vertical direction at a position corresponding to each supporting leg (15) on the excavator (1), and an oil cylinder (21) is installed at the top of the excavator (1) corresponding to the center of the base (7).

5. The ventilation and dust control device for underground coal mine excavation working face according to claim 1, characterized in that: The second air guide plate (24) and the first air guide plate (8) are located in the same plane along the length direction of the excavator (1).

6. The ventilation and dust control device for underground coal mine excavation working face according to claim 1, characterized in that: Through holes are provided at the centers of the blocking plate (25) and the conical protrusion (29).

7. The ventilation and dust control device for underground coal mine excavation working face according to claim 5, characterized in that: The blocking plate (25) is rotatably connected to a mounting seat (30) fixed on the top of the excavator (1); when the conical cylinder (9) moves toward the first air guide plate (8), the blocking plate (25) rotates clockwise from a vertical state to a horizontal state relative to the second air guide plate (24).

8. The ventilation and dust control device for underground coal mine excavation working face according to claim 1, characterized in that: The second air guide plate (24) and the blocking plate (25) are kept relatively fixed by magnetic attraction.

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