Device and method for measuring residual kinetic energy of sample

Abstract

The present invention relates to the technical field of sample material performance testing, and specifically to a sample residual kinetic energy measuring device and method, the sample residual kinetic energy measuring device includes a mounting body and at least four measuring units; the mounting body is formed with a mounting space; the measuring unit includes a loose-leaf and a measuring assembly, the measuring assembly includes two measuring units, the measuring units include an elastic rod structure, a clamping head and a strain gauge; one end of the elastic rod structure is connected to the mounting body, and the other end is connected to the clamping head; the strain gauge is arranged at one end of the elastic rod structure close to the clamping head; the loose-leaf is connected between the clamping heads of the two measuring units, and the clamping heads of each measuring unit cooperate to wrap the sample, the incident rod loading end and the transmission rod loading end. The present invention applies an impact load to the sample, and under the action of the residual stress wave energy of the sample crushing, the sample fragments hit the clamping head, resulting in a change in the resistance of the strain gauge, so that the residual kinetic energy of the Hopkins rod test sample can be calculated.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of sample material performance testing, and in particular to a sample residual kinetic energy measuring device and method. Background Art

[0002] In tunnel excavation, especially in tunnel blasting, the mechanical properties of rock are of extremely important guiding significance for tunnel construction. Construction plans are often designed based on the mechanical properties of rock. For example, the explosive content in a single hole and the location of the blasting hole are determined based on the mechanical properties of the rock, such as the peak dynamic stress. Therefore, determining the dynamic mechanical properties of rock is particularly important for tunnel engineering.

[0003] In previous studies, the dynamic mechanical properties of samples were mainly measured through the Hopkins bar test. The Hopkins bar test device mainly applies impact loads to the incident bar end and calculates the dynamic mechanical properties of the sample material through the three-wave method. However, in the Hopkins bar test, since there is no effective method to measure the residual kinetic energy of sample fragments, this part of kinetic energy is usually ignored. Accurately obtaining the residual kinetic energy of fragments can better understand the crushing mechanism and crushing process of rocks. Using the residual kinetic energy of fragments as an important indicator of the crushing effect of tunnel rock surface subjected to impact blasting can help optimize the tunnel blasting construction process, improve the efficiency of rock surface crushing, and reduce unnecessary energy consumption.

[0004] In addition, in rock blasting, the average flying distance of crushed stone plays an important role in the project. A good flying distance will shorten the construction period and improve the safety of tunnel construction. However, the research on the average flying distance of crushed stone in the Hopkins rod experiment is still in a blank stage.

[0005] However, after the rock is broken, the kinetic energy and average flying distance of its fragments are important parameters of tunnel engineering. Giving relevant engineering specifications based on them and guiding related projects will greatly shorten the construction period, save costs, and improve the safety of tunnel construction. Therefore, it is very necessary to develop a device and method for measuring the residual kinetic energy of the Hopkins bar test specimen. Summary of the invention

[0006] The object of the present invention is to provide a device and method for measuring residual kinetic energy of a sample capable of measuring the kinetic energy of sample fragments in a Hopkins bar experiment. The specific technical scheme is as follows:

[0007] The present invention provides a sample residual kinetic energy measuring device, which is used to measure the residual kinetic energy of a sample of a Hopkins rod test assembly during a test. The Hopkins rod test assembly comprises a sample, an incident rod and a transmission rod, the sample is abutted between the loading end of the incident rod and the loading end of the transmission rod, and the sample residual kinetic energy measuring device comprises a mounting body and at least four measuring units;

[0008] An installation space is formed in the installation body;

[0009] The measuring unit comprises a loose-leaf and a measuring assembly, wherein the measuring assembly comprises two measuring units, and the measuring units comprise an elastic rod structure, a clamping head and a strain gauge;

[0010] The elastic rod structure is radially arranged with the center of the installation space as the center of the circle, and one end of the elastic rod structure is connected to the installation body, and the other end is connected to the clamping head;

[0011] The strain gauge is arranged at one end of the elastic rod structure close to the clamping head;

[0012] The loose-leaf is connected between the clamping heads of the two measuring units, and the clamping heads of the measuring units cooperate to wrap the sample, the incident rod loading end and the transmission rod loading end.

[0013] Optionally, the elastic rod structure includes an elastic member and connecting members connected to both ends of the elastic member, the connecting member includes a bearing and a ball valve connected to each other, the bearing and the ball valve are coaxially arranged, the bearing is connected to the elastic member, and the ball valves at both ends of the elastic member are respectively connected to the mounting body and the clamping head; the strain gauge is arranged on the bearing close to the clamping head; and a clamping surface matching the contour of the sample is formed on the clamping head.

[0014] Optionally, the number of the measuring components is at least two, and the two measuring components are arranged at intervals along the length direction of the sample.

[0015] Optionally, the sample residual kinetic energy measuring device further includes a strain gauge, and the strain gauge of each measuring unit is electrically connected to the strain gauge; and the installation body is a circular ring structure.

[0016] The present invention also provides a method for measuring residual kinetic energy of a sample, which uses the sample residual kinetic energy measuring device as described above to perform measurement, and comprises the following steps:

[0017] S1: Assemble the specimen residual kinetic energy measurement device and the Hopkins bar test assembly;

[0018] S2: An impact load is applied to the incident rod end to cause the sample to explode, so that the sample fragments hit the clamping head to deform the elastic rod structure, the resistance of the strain gauge changes, and the voltage signal value is obtained by measuring the strain gauge;

[0019] S3: Calculate the kinetic energy of the sample fragments after the sample explodes according to the voltage signal value;

[0020] S4: Calculate the average flying distance of the sample at a specified height.

[0021] Optionally, the S3 includes:

[0022] S3.1. Calculate the strain signal according to the voltage signal value. The specific calculation formula is:

[0023] ;

[0024] in: is the strain signal on the elastic rod structure, is the voltage signal data recorded by the strain gauge, is the bridge voltage, is the strain gauge sensitivity coefficient, is the strain magnification factor;

[0025] S3.2: Calculate the kinetic energy of the sample fragments after the sample explodes. The specific calculation formula is:

[0026] ;

[0027] ;

[0028] in: is the theoretical kinetic energy, is the actual kinetic energy; is the cross-sectional area of ​​the elastic rod structure, is the elastic modulus of the elastic rod structure, is the propagation speed of stress wave in the elastic rod structure; is the duration of strain gauge acquisition; for The square of the strain signal on the elastic rod structure at time t; ; is the kinetic energy correction coefficient.

[0029] Optionally, the specific calculation formula for the average throwing distance in S4 is:

[0030] ;

[0031] in: is the average flying distance of the sample at a specified height, is the height of the sample from the ground, is the weight of the gravel, is the gravitational constant.

[0032] Optionally, the S1 includes:

[0033] S1.1. Select a sample and place it between the incident rod loading end and the transmission rod loading end;

[0034] S1.2, assemble the measuring unit;

[0035] S1.3, installing four measuring units on the mounting body, and making the clamping heads of the four measuring units cooperate to wrap the sample, the incident rod loading end and the transmission rod loading end;

[0036] In S1.2, the strain gauge is pasted at a distance of 90mm-110mm from the elastic member; before wrapping the sample in the installation space, the end face and side face of the sample need to be ground until the non-parallelism at both ends of the sample is not less than 0.02mm, and the non-perpendicularity between the side face and the end face of the sample is not less than 0.02mm.

[0037] The present invention adds a sample residual kinetic energy measuring device at the sample, the incident rod loading end and the transmission rod loading end. During the test, an impact load is applied to the sample, and the sample absorbs the stress wave energy of the incident rod end so that cracks inside the sample develop rapidly and break. Since the sample does not exhaust the stress wave energy absorbed by it when it breaks, its residual stress wave energy is converted into kinetic energy of sample fragments. The sample fragments impact the clamping head, so that the kinetic energy of the sample fragments is converted into stress wave energy and thermal energy of the clamping head, among which the stress wave energy occupies a dominant position, and the stress wave energy occupies a dominant position, forcing the elastic rod structure to produce a slight deformation, resulting in a change in the resistance of the strain gauge, and collecting data based on the strain gauges in each measuring unit, so that the residual kinetic energy of the Hopkins rod test sample can be calculated, and the precision and accuracy of the experimental results can be guaranteed.

[0038] In addition to the above-described purposes, features and advantages, the present invention has other purposes, features and advantages. The present invention will be further described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0039] The drawings constituting a part of this application are used to provide a further understanding of the present invention. The exemplary embodiments of the present invention and their descriptions are used to explain the present invention and do not constitute an improper limitation of the present invention. In the drawings:

[0040] Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the structure of a sample residual kinetic energy measuring device and a Hopkins bar test assembly in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0041] Figure 2 yes Figure 1 A cross-sectional view of

[0042] Figure 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a device for measuring residual kinetic energy of a sample in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0043] Figure 4 yes Figure 3 A cross-sectional view of

[0044] Figure 5 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of a measuring unit in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0045] Description of Figure Numbers:

[0046] 1 Hopkins bar test assembly, 1.1 Specimen, 1.2 Incident bar, 1.3 Transmitted bar, 2 Specimen residual kinetic energy measurement device, 2.1 Mounting body, 2.1.1 Mounting space, 2.2 Measuring unit, 2.2.1 Loose leaf, 2.2.2 Measuring unit, 2.2.2.1 Elastic part, 2.2.2.2 Bearing, 2.2.2.3 Ball valve, 2.2.2.4 Clamping head, 2.2.2.5 Strain gauge. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0047] The embodiments of the present invention are described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. However, the present invention can be implemented in many different ways that are defined and covered.

[0048] like Figures 1 to 4 As shown, a sample residual kinetic energy measuring device 2 is used to measure the residual kinetic energy of a sample of a Hopkins rod test assembly 1 during a test. The Hopkins rod test assembly 1 includes a sample 1.1, an incident rod 1.2 and a transmission rod 1.3. The sample 1.1 is abutted between the loading end of the incident rod 1.2 and the loading end of the transmission rod 1.3. The sample residual kinetic energy measuring device 2 includes a mounting body 2.1 and at least four measuring units 2.2; a mounting space 2.1.1 is formed in the mounting body 2.1; the measuring unit 2.2 includes a loose-leaf 2.2.1 and a measuring assembly, and the measuring assembly includes two measuring units 2. .2.2, the measuring unit 2.2.2 includes an elastic rod structure, a clamping head 2.2.2.4 and a strain gauge 2.2.2.5; the elastic rod structure is radially arranged with the center of the installation space 2.1.1 as the center of the circle, and one end of the elastic rod structure is connected to the installation body 2.1, and the other end is connected to the clamping head 2.2.2.4; the strain gauge 2.2.2.5 is arranged at one end of the elastic rod structure close to the clamping head 2.2.2.4; and the clamping head 2.2.2.4 of each measuring unit 2.2.2 cooperates to wrap the sample 1.1, the loading end of the incident rod 1.2 and the loading end of the transmission rod 1.3.

[0049] A sample residual kinetic energy measuring device 2 is added to the sample 1.1, the loading end of the incident rod 1.2 and the loading end of the transmission rod 1.3. During the test, an impact load is applied to the sample 1.1. The sample 1.1 absorbs the stress wave energy of the incident rod 1.2, so that the internal cracks of the sample 1.1 develop rapidly and break. Since the sample 1.1 does not exhaust the stress wave energy it absorbs after breaking, its residual stress wave energy is converted into the kinetic energy of the fragments of the sample 1.1. The fragments of the sample 1.1 hit the clamping head 2.2.2.4, so that the kinetic energy of the fragments of the sample 1.1 is converted into the stress wave energy and heat energy of the clamping head 2.2.2.4, among which the stress wave energy occupies a dominant position, thereby forcing the elastic rod structure to produce a slight deformation through the clamping head 2.2.2.4, resulting in the resistance of the strain gauge 2.2.2.5. changes, and data is collected based on the strain gauges 2.2.2.5 in each measuring unit 2.2.2, so that the residual kinetic energy of the Hopkins bar test specimen can be calculated, and the precision and accuracy of the experimental results can be guaranteed; and the loose-leaf 2.2.1 is connected between the clamping heads 2.2.2.4 of the two measuring units 2.2.2, so that when the clamping heads 2.2.2.4 are hit by fragments of the sample 1.1, they can be unfolded by the loose-leaf 2.2.1 and move away from each other, thereby avoiding deformation of the clamping heads 2.2.2.4 of the measuring unit 2.2.2 and causing a substantial consumption of energy; and the strain gauge 2.2.2.5 is arranged at one end of the elastic rod structure close to the clamping head 2.2.2.4, thereby minimizing the dissipation of stress waves in the conduction process and further improving the measurement accuracy.

[0050] In this embodiment, the installation body 2.1 is made of high-strength alloy to ensure that it does not deform during the measurement process. Its outer diameter is 760mm and its inner diameter is 730mm. The clamping head 2.2.2.4 is a 1 / 8 circular ring column with an outer diameter of 11.5mm and an inner diameter of 10mm, connected by a loose-leaf 2.2.1, and the loose-leaf 2.2.1 is 160mm long. Both the installation body 2.1 and the clamping head 2.2.2.4 are provided with a plane for installing the measuring unit, so as to facilitate the installation of the measuring unit 2.2.

[0051] Based on the above embodiments, Figure 5As shown, the elastic rod structure includes an elastic member 2.2.2.1 and connecting members connected to both ends of the elastic member 2.2.2.1, the connecting members include a bearing 2.2.2.2 and a ball valve 2.2.2.3 connected to each other, the bearing 2.2.2.2 and the ball valve 2.2.2.3 are coaxially arranged, the bearing 2.2.2.2 is connected to the elastic member 2.2.2.1, and the ball valves 2.2.2.3 at both ends of the elastic member 2.2.2.1 are respectively connected to the mounting body 2.1 and the clamping head 2.2.2.4; the strain gauge 2.2.2.5 is arranged on the bearing 2.2.2.2 close to the clamping head 2.2.2.4; and the clamping head 2.2.2.4 is formed with a clamping surface matching the contour of the sample 1.1. When the fragments of the sample 1.1 hit the clamping head 2.2.2.4, the elastic member 2.2.2.1 connected to the clamping head 2.2.2.4 through the connector can play a buffering role, so that the kinetic energy of the fragments of the sample 1.1 is transmitted to the clamping head 2.2.2.4 as much as possible, so as to ensure the accuracy of the measurement results, and is respectively connected to the installation body 2.1 and the clamping head 2.2.2.4 through the ball valve 2.2.2.3, so that the elastic rod structure is only subjected to the force in its length direction or vertical direction, avoiding the mutual influence between different stress waves, thereby improving the accuracy. A clamping surface matching the contour of the sample 1.1 is formed on the clamping head 2.2.2.4, so that the sample 1.1 can fit closely with the clamping surface, so that the kinetic energy of the fragments of the sample 1.1 is transmitted to the clamping surface of the clamping head 2.2.2.4 as much as possible, further improving the measurement accuracy. Among them, the Huco coefficient of the elastic member 2.2.2.1 is 20kn / m.

[0052] Preferably, the sample 1.1 is a columnar structure, generally a cylindrical structure.

[0053] Preferably, a gap is provided between the clamping heads 2.2.2.4 of the two measuring units 2.2.2, and the gap width is 1 mm-2 mm, so as to prevent stress waves of different directions from being transmitted between the inner walls and causing influence when the sample 1.1 starts to burst.

[0054] In one embodiment, the number of measuring assemblies is at least two, and the two measuring assemblies are arranged at intervals along the length direction of the sample 1.1. When the sample 1.1 explodes, the fragments of the sample 1.1 hit the clamping head 2.2.2.4 at different angles. The two measuring assemblies arranged at intervals along the length direction of the sample 1.1 can prevent the clamping head 2.2.2.4 from tilting due to the impact of the fragments of the sample 1.1, and the two measuring assemblies effectively improve the transmission efficiency.

[0055] In addition, the residual kinetic energy measuring device 2 of the sample also includes a strain gauge, and the strain gauge 2.2.2.5 of each measuring unit 2.2.2 is electrically connected to the strain gauge; the installation body 2.1 is a circular ring structure. The impact load is applied to the incident rod 1.2 to break the sample, and the sample fragments hit the clamping head 2.2.2.4 of each measuring unit 2.2.2, so that the elastic member 2.2.2.1 is compressed, the loose-leaf 2.2.1 is opened, and the elastic rod structure produces a small strain. According to the resistance strain effect of the metal, the resistance of the strain gauge 2.2.2.5 changes, and the corresponding voltage signal of the strain gauge 2.2.2.5 is obtained by the strain gauge; the installation body 2.1 is a circular ring structure, which is convenient for the installation of the measuring unit 2.2, so that the four measuring units 2.2 can wrap the sample in all directions, so as to measure the kinetic energy of the sample fragments at various angles.

[0056] The present invention also provides a method for measuring residual kinetic energy of a sample, which uses the above-mentioned residual kinetic energy measuring device 2 to perform measurement, and comprises the following steps:

[0057] S1: Assemble the sample residual kinetic energy measurement device 2 and the Hopkins bar test assembly 1;

[0058] S1 includes:

[0059] S1.1, select sample 1.1, and place sample 1.1 between the loading end of incident rod 1.3 and the loading end of transmission rod 1.3;

[0060] S1.2, assemble measurement unit 2.2;

[0061] S1.3, install four measuring units 2.2 on the installation body 2.1, and make the clamping heads 2.2.2.4 of the four measuring units 2.2 cooperate to wrap the sample 1.1, the loading end of the incident rod 1.2 and the loading end of the transmission rod 1.3;

[0062] In S1.2, the strain gauge 2.2.2.5 is pasted at a distance of 90mm-110mm from the elastic member 2.2.2.1; before wrapping the sample 1.1 in the installation space 2.1.1, the end face and side face of the sample 1.1 need to be ground until the non-parallelism at both ends of the sample 1.1 is not less than 0.02mm, and the non-perpendicularity between the side face and the end face of the sample 1.1 is not less than 0.02mm.

[0063] In this embodiment, a cylindrical sample 1.1 with a height of 25~100mm and a diameter of 100mm is selected, and the sample 1.1 is placed between the incident rod 1.2 and the transmission rod 1.3, so that the loading end of the incident rod 1.2 and the loading end of the transmission rod 1.3 are in close contact with the sample 1.1 respectively, and the loading end of the incident rod 1.2, the sample and the loading end of the transmission rod 1.3 are wrapped with the sample residual kinetic energy measuring device 2, and the Hopkins rod test sample residual kinetic energy measuring device 2 is fixed.

[0064] When pasting strain gauge 2.2.2.5, first clean bearing 2.2.2.2 with alcohol cotton balls to remove dust and oil on the surface of bearing 2.2.2.2, ensure that strain gauge 2.2.2.5 is not damaged or broken, and then measure the resistance. Clean strain gauge 2.2.2.5 and wipe the side without solder joints with alcohol cotton balls, which is the pasting side. After the alcohol on bearing 2.2.2.2 and strain gauge 2.2.2.5 is dry, drip glue on the pasting side of strain gauge 2.2.2.5, place grating parallel bearing 2.2.2.2 in the pasting position, paste the covering patch film on strain gauge 2.2.2.5, press strain gauge 2.2.2.5, squeeze out excess glue and bubbles in the glue, ensure that the glue of strain gauge 2.2.2.5 is solidified, fix the wire at the root of strain gauge 2.2.2.5 with wide tape, and connect the measuring wire of strain gauge 2.2.2.5 to the strain gauge.

[0065] S2: applying an impact load to the end of the incident rod 1.2 to cause the sample 1.1 to explode, so that the fragments of the sample 1.1 hit the clamping head 2.2.2.4 to deform the elastic rod structure, and the resistance of the strain gauge 2.2.2.5 changes, and the voltage signal value is obtained by measuring the strain gauge;

[0066] Specifically, an impact load is applied to the end of the incident rod to break the sample. The sample fragments hit the inner wall of the measuring device, so that the kinetic energy of the sample fragments is converted into stress wave energy (partially converted into heat energy), and then into elastic potential energy. The bearing is compressed, the hinges open, and the outer wall is fixed without displacement and deformation. The bearing rod is slightly deformed by the impact, and the strain gauge on it changes resistance due to the metal resistance strain effect, and a voltage signal value is obtained.

[0067] S3: Calculate the kinetic energy of the fragments of the sample 1.1 after the sample 1.1 explodes according to the voltage signal value;

[0068] S3 includes:

[0069] S3.1. Calculate the strain signal according to the voltage signal value. The specific calculation formula is:

[0070] ;

[0071] in: is the strain signal on the elastic rod structure, is the voltage signal data recorded by the strain gauge, is the bridge voltage, is the strain gauge sensitivity coefficient, is the strain magnification factor, which is given by the strain gauge manufacturer after calibration;

[0072] In this embodiment, , , , the strain signal can be obtained as: ;

[0073] S3.2: Calculate the kinetic energy of the fragments of sample 1.1 after the sample explodes. The specific calculation formula is:

[0074] ;

[0075] ;

[0076] in: is the theoretical kinetic energy, is the actual kinetic energy; is the cross-sectional area of ​​the elastic rod structure, is the elastic modulus of the elastic rod structure, is the propagation speed of stress wave in the elastic rod structure; The duration of the strain gauge acquisition in 2.2.2.5; for The square of the strain signal on the elastic rod structure at time t can be calculated according to The voltage signal data recorded by the strain gauge at each moment is obtained through the specific calculation formula of the strain signal; ; Is the kinetic energy correction coefficient. Kinetic energy correction coefficient The main correction test is that the debris of the test sample hits the inner wall of the measuring device, part of which is converted into internal energy loss, and the residual kinetic energy cannot be completely converted into stress wave energy. It is the ratio of the bullet's kinetic energy to the incident energy, which can be obtained by fitting a large amount of test data. The calculation formula is:

[0077] ;

[0078] The residual kinetic energy of the sample can be obtained by adding the residual kinetic energy measured from each elastic rod structure.

[0079] S4: Calculate the average flying distance of sample 1.1 at a specified height. The specific calculation formula is:

[0080] ;

[0081] ;

[0082] ;

[0083] The specific calculation formula for the average flying distance is: .

[0084] in: is the average flying distance of the sample at a specified height, is the height of the sample from the ground, is the weight of the gravel, is the gravitational constant, is the initial velocity of the sample debris, It is the flying time of the sample debris.

[0085] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. For those skilled in the art, the present invention may have various modifications and variations. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present invention shall be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A device for measuring residual kinetic energy of a sample, used for measuring the residual kinetic energy of a sample (1.1) of a Hopkins bar test assembly (1) during a test, wherein the Hopkins bar test assembly (1) comprises a sample (1.1), an incident bar (1.2) and a transmission bar (1.3), wherein the sample (1.1) is abutted between a loading end of the incident bar (1.2) and a loading end of the transmission bar (1.3), and wherein: The sample residual kinetic energy measuring device (2) comprises a mounting body (2.1) and at least four measuring units (2.2); An installation space (2.1.1) is formed in the installation body (2.1); The measuring unit (2.2) comprises a loose-leaf (2.2.1) and a measuring assembly, wherein the measuring assembly comprises two measuring units (2.2.2), and the measuring units (2.2.2) comprise an elastic rod structure, a clamping head (2.2.2.4) and a strain gauge (2.2.2.5); The elastic rod structure is radially arranged with the center of the installation space (2.1.1) as the center of the circle, and one end of the elastic rod structure is connected to the installation body (2.1), and the other end is connected to the clamping head (2.2.2.4); The strain gauge (2.2.2.5) is arranged at one end of the elastic rod structure close to the clamping head (2.2.2.4); The loose leaf (2.2.1) is connected between the clamping heads (2.2.2.4) of the two measuring units (2.2.2), and the clamping heads (2.2.2.4) of the measuring units (2.2.2) cooperate to wrap the sample (1.1), the loading end of the incident rod (1.2) and the loading end of the transmission rod (1.3); The elastic rod structure comprises an elastic member (2.2.2.1) and connecting members connected to both ends of the elastic member (2.2.2.1); the connecting member comprises a bearing (2.2.2.2) and a ball valve (2.2.2.3) connected to each other; the bearing (2.2.2.2) and the ball valve (2.2.2.3) are coaxially arranged; the bearing (2.2.2.2) is connected to the elastic member (2.2.2.1); the ball valves (2.2.2.3) at both ends of the elastic member (2.2.2.1) are respectively connected to the mounting body (2.1) and the clamping head (2.2.2.4); the strain gauge (2.2.2.5) is arranged on the bearing (2.2.2.2) close to the clamping head (2.2.2.4); and a clamping surface matching the contour of the sample (1.1) is formed on the clamping head (2.2.2.4).

2. The sample residual kinetic energy measuring device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The number of the measuring components is at least two, and the two measuring components are arranged at intervals along the length direction of the sample (1.1).

3. The sample residual kinetic energy measuring device according to any one of claims 1 to 2, characterized in that: The sample residual kinetic energy measuring device (2) also includes a strain gauge, and the strain gauge (2.2.2.5) of each measuring unit (2.2.2) is electrically connected to the strain gauge; the installation body (2.1) is a circular ring structure.

4. A method for measuring residual kinetic energy of a sample, using the residual kinetic energy measuring device (2) of claim 3 for measurement, characterized in that: The steps include: S1: Assemble the sample residual kinetic energy measurement device (2) and the Hopkins bar test assembly (1); S2: applying an impact load to the end of the incident rod (1.2) to cause the sample (1.1) to explode, so that the fragments of the sample (1.1) hit the clamping head (2.2.2.4) to deform the elastic rod structure, and the resistance of the strain gauge (2.2.2.5) changes, and the voltage signal value is obtained by measuring the strain gauge; S3: Calculate the kinetic energy of the fragments of the sample (1.1) after the sample (1.1) explodes according to the voltage signal value; S4: Calculate the average flying distance of the sample (1.1) at the specified height.

5. The method for measuring residual kinetic energy of a sample according to claim 4, characterized in that: The S3 includes: S3.

1. Calculate the strain signal according to the voltage signal value. The specific calculation formula is: Where: ε is the strain signal on the elastic rod structure, e0 is the voltage signal data recorded by the strain gauge, U is the bridge voltage, K S is the strain gauge sensitivity coefficient, B is the strain magnification factor; S3.2: Calculate the kinetic energy of the fragments of the sample (1.1) after the sample explodes. The specific calculation formula is: W2=fW1 Where: W1 is the theoretical kinetic energy, W2 is the actual kinetic energy; A is the cross-sectional area of ​​the elastic rod structure, E is the elastic modulus of the elastic rod structure, c is the propagation speed of the stress wave in the elastic rod structure; t is the acquisition time of the strain gauge (2.2.2.5); ε 2 (t1) is the square of the strain signal on the elastic rod structure at time t1; 0≤t1≤t; f is the kinetic energy correction coefficient.

6. The method for measuring residual kinetic energy of a sample according to claim 5, characterized in that: The specific calculation formula for the average throwing distance in S4 is: Where: L is the average flying distance of the sample at a specified height, h is the height of the sample from the ground, m is the weight of the sample (1.1) fragments, and g is the gravity constant.

7. The method for measuring residual kinetic energy of a sample according to claim 6, characterized in that: The S1 includes: S1.

1. Select a sample (1.1) and place the sample (1.1) between the loading end of the incident rod (1.3) and the loading end of the transmission rod (1.3); S1.2, assemble the measuring unit (2.2); S1.3, installing four measuring units (2.2) on the mounting body (2.1), and making the clamping heads (2.2.2.4) of the four measuring units (2.2) cooperate to wrap the sample (1.1), the loading end of the incident rod (1.2) and the loading end of the transmission rod (1.3); In S1.2, the strain gauge (2.2.2.5) is pasted at a distance of 90 mm to 110 mm from the elastic member (2.2.2.1); before the sample (1.1) is wrapped in the installation space (2.1.1), the end face and the side face of the sample (1.1) need to be ground until the non-parallelism at both ends of the sample (1.1) is not less than 0.02 mm, and the non-perpendicularity between the side face and the end face of the sample (1.1) is not less than 0.02 mm.

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