A Leakage Monitoring Method for Through-dike Culverts Based on Distributed Optical Fiber

Abstract

The present invention provides a method for monitoring the leakage of a culvert through a dike based on distributed optical fiber, including: (1) respectively arranging a distributed optical fiber sensing network and an environmental temperature monitoring optical fiber on the soil-structure contact surface of the culvert through the dike; (2) using the distributed optical fiber sensing network to detect leakage in the monitoring area to obtain a leakage monitoring signal, and using the environmental temperature monitoring optical fiber to monitor the temperature in the monitoring area to obtain a temperature monitoring signal; (3) performing data cleaning on the temperature signal to obtain cleaned data; (4) weighting the cleaned data using a weighting coefficient to obtain the actual environmental temperature of the entire monitoring area; (5) correcting the leakage monitoring signal using the actual environmental temperature to obtain a corrected signal; (6) determining the leakage monitoring result of the monitoring area using the corrected signal. By monitoring and correcting the environmental temperature, the present invention can effectively eliminate the influence of temperature changes on the leakage signal, and improve the accuracy and reliability of the monitoring result.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of optical fiber monitoring, and particularly to a method for monitoring leakage of a culvert through a dike based on distributed optical fiber. Background Art

[0002] The leakage problem is a common safety hazard in water conservancy projects such as dams and culverts. Traditional monitoring methods often rely on manual detection or single-point sensors, suffering from problems such as untimely response and insufficient detection coverage. In recent years, with the development of optical fiber sensing technology, distributed optical fiber sensors have been increasingly applied in the field of civil engineering safety detection due to their long-distance and full-coverage monitoring capabilities.

[0003] A method for detecting leakage of a dam based on distributed optical fiber is disclosed in the prior art, including: (1) Based on the Raman scattering principle, calculate the length-temperature maps of the distributed sensing optical fiber heated to A different temperature levels respectively, and calculate the difference in the time required for the length-temperature maps of the inner group and outer group of distributed sensing optical fibers upstream and the difference in the time required for the length-temperature maps of the outer group and inner group of distributed sensing optical fibers downstream to stabilize after heating to A different temperature levels respectively. Combine the horizontal distance d between the inner group and the outer group to calculate the inflow velocity and the outflow velocity; (2) Determine the leakage point according to the fitting functions of the length-temperature maps of the distributed sensing optical fiber heated to A different temperature levels and the length-temperature map of the unheated distributed sensing optical fiber, and obtain the optical fiber position of the leakage point according to the Brillouin scattering theorem; (3) Establish a rectangular coordinate system of the dam, and integrate the fitting function of the optical fiber position of the leakage point on the rectangular coordinate system of the dam to obtain the leakage area; (4) Perform definite integration on the fitting functions of the inflow velocity, outflow velocity, and leakage area obtained from multiple experiments at preset experimental time intervals within the measurement time to obtain the seepage volume within the measurement time. Although this technology uses the Raman scattering principle and the Brillouin scattering theorem for detailed length-temperature map analysis and leakage point detection, its use of temperature changes (heating to different temperature levels) to analyze leakage may be affected by ambient temperature changes. Especially in an outdoor environment such as a dam, ambient temperature changes may introduce noise, and it is necessary to ensure the stability of the temperature-length map. The change of the external ambient temperature may lead to unstable detection and misjudgment. Summary of the Invention

[0004] In order to overcome the deficiencies of the prior art, the object of the present invention is to provide a method for monitoring leakage of a culvert through a dike based on distributed optical fiber. By monitoring and correcting the ambient temperature, the influence of temperature changes on the leakage signal can be effectively eliminated, and the accuracy and reliability of the monitoring results can be improved.

[0005] To achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following solutions:

[0006] A method for leakage monitoring of a culvert through a dike based on distributed optical fiber, comprising:

[0007] Distributed optical fiber sensing networks and ambient temperature monitoring optical fibers are respectively arranged on the soil-structure contact surface of the culvert through the dike;

[0008] Using the distributed optical fiber sensing network to detect leakage in the monitoring area to obtain a leakage monitoring signal, and using the ambient temperature monitoring optical fiber to monitor the temperature in the monitoring area to obtain a temperature monitoring signal;

[0009] Clean the temperature signal to obtain cleaned data;

[0010] Weight the cleaned data using a weighting coefficient to obtain the actual ambient temperature of the entire monitoring area;

[0011] Correct the leakage monitoring signal using the actual ambient temperature to obtain a corrected signal;

[0012] Use the corrected signal to determine the monitoring result of the monitoring area.

[0013] Preferably, cleaning the temperature signal to obtain cleaned data includes:

[0014] Calculate the variance of the temperature of the ambient temperature monitoring optical fiber in each acquisition period;

[0015] Use the variance to construct a temperature acquisition model;

[0016] Calculate the connection degree between each ambient temperature monitoring optical fiber according to the temperature acquisition model;

[0017] Construct a connection degree matrix according to the connection degree and determine the weighted connection degree of each ambient temperature monitoring optical fiber;

[0018] Judge whether the weighted connection degree is greater than a preset threshold;

[0019] If the weighted connection degree is greater than the preset threshold, remove the temperature monitoring signal collected by the corresponding ambient temperature monitoring optical fiber to obtain a temperature signal after removal;

[0020] Convert the temperature signal after removal to obtain the cleaned data.

[0021] Preferably, the calculation formula of the temperature acquisition model is:

[0022]

[0023] where δi represents the variance of the temperature values of the environmental temperature monitoring optical fiber in the i-th acquisition cycle, δ j represents the variance of the temperature values of the environmental temperature monitoring optical fiber in the j-th acquisition cycle, x i represents the average value of the temperature values of the environmental temperature monitoring optical fiber in the i-th acquisition cycle, p i (xx i ) represents the acquisition model of the i-th environmental temperature monitoring optical fiber, p j (xx j ) represents the acquisition model of the j-th environmental temperature monitoring optical fiber.

[0024] Preferably, calculating the connection degree between each environmental temperature monitoring optical fiber according to the temperature acquisition model includes:

[0025] Determining the trust degree between each environmental temperature monitoring optical fiber by using the temperature acquisition model; wherein, the trust degree calculation formula is: wherein, d i ′ j represents the trust degree between the i-th environmental temperature monitoring optical fiber and the j-th environmental temperature monitoring optical fiber, d j ′ i represents the trust degree between the j-th environmental temperature monitoring optical fiber and the i-th environmental temperature monitoring optical fiber;

[0026] Calculating the connection degree between each environmental temperature monitoring optical fiber based on the trust degree between each environmental temperature monitoring optical fiber.

[0027] Preferably, the formula for calculating the connection degree between each environmental temperature monitoring optical fiber is:

[0028]

[0029] wherein, s ij represents the connection degree between the i-th environmental temperature monitoring optical fiber and the j-th environmental temperature monitoring optical fiber.

[0030] Preferably, constructing a connection degree matrix according to the connection degree and determining the weighted connection degree of each environmental temperature monitoring optical fiber includes:

[0031] Determining the connection degree matrix according to the connection degree between each environmental temperature monitoring optical fiber; wherein, the connection degree matrix is:

[0032] Determining the weighted connection degree of each environmental temperature monitoring optical fiber by using the connection degree matrix; wherein, the weighted connection degree calculation formula is: wherein, R i represents the weighted connection degree of the i-th environmental temperature monitoring optical fiber.

[0033] Preferably, the cleaning data is weighted by a weighting coefficient to obtain the actual ambient temperature of the entire monitoring area, including:

[0034] Calculate the weighting coefficient according to the variance of the cleaning data in each acquisition period;

[0035] Based on the weighting coefficient, perform weighted averaging on the cleaning data to obtain the actual ambient temperature of the entire monitoring area.

[0036] Preferably, the calculation formula of the weighting coefficient is:

[0037]

[0038] where W i is the i-th weighting coefficient, and σ i ′ represents the variance of the cleaning data in the i-th acquisition period.

[0039] Preferably, the calculation formula of the actual ambient temperature of the entire monitoring area is:

[0040]

[0041] where is the actual ambient temperature, and X i is the average value of the cleaning data in the i-th acquisition period.

[0042] Preferably, the calculation formula of the correction signal is:

[0043]

[0044] where S c is the correction signal, S o is the leakage monitoring signal, α is the linear coefficient of the influence of temperature on the leakage signal, and T b is the reference temperature.

[0045] According to the specific embodiments provided by the present invention, the present invention discloses the following technical effects:

[0046] The present invention provides a method for leakage monitoring of a levee-piercing culvert based on distributed optical fiber, including: arranging a distributed optical fiber sensing network and an environmental temperature monitoring optical fiber on the soil-structure contact surface of the levee-piercing culvert; using the distributed optical fiber sensing network to detect leakage in the monitoring area to obtain a leakage monitoring signal, and using the environmental temperature monitoring optical fiber to monitor the temperature in the monitoring area to obtain a temperature monitoring signal; cleaning the temperature signal to obtain cleaned data; weighting the cleaned data using a weighting coefficient to obtain the actual environmental temperature of the entire monitoring area; correcting the leakage monitoring signal using the actual environmental temperature to obtain a corrected signal; and determining the monitoring result of the monitoring area using the corrected signal. By monitoring and correcting the environmental temperature, the present invention can effectively eliminate the influence of temperature changes on the leakage signal and improve the accuracy and reliability of the monitoring result. Description of the Drawings

[0047] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the following will briefly introduce the drawings required for use in the embodiments. Obviously, the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and those of ordinary skill in the art can also obtain other drawings based on these drawings without creative efforts.

[0048] Figure 1 It is a flowchart of the method provided by the embodiment of the present invention;

[0049] Figure 2 It is a longitudinal sectional view of the levee-piercing culvert provided by the embodiment of the present invention;

[0050] Figure 3 It is a plan view of the culvert provided by the embodiment of the present invention;

[0051] Figure 4 It is a cross-sectional view of the culvert provided by the embodiment of the present invention.

[0052] Description of the reference numerals: 101 - levee-piercing culvert, 102 - optical fiber laying layer, 103 - distributed optical fiber. Detailed Embodiments

[0053] The following will clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, rather than all embodiments. All other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative efforts based on the embodiments of the present invention belong to the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0054] To make the above objects, features, and advantages of the present invention more obvious and understandable, the present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0055] Figure 1 The method flow chart provided for the embodiments of the present invention is as Figure 1 shown. The present invention provides a method for monitoring the leakage of a culvert through a dike based on distributed optical fiber, including:

[0056] Step 100: Respectively deploy a distributed optical fiber sensing network and an environmental temperature monitoring optical fiber on the soil-structure contact surface of the culvert through the dike;

[0057] Step 200: Use the distributed optical fiber sensing network to detect leakage in the monitoring area to obtain a leakage monitoring signal, and use the environmental temperature monitoring optical fiber to monitor the temperature in the monitoring area to obtain a temperature monitoring signal;

[0058] Step 300: Clean the temperature signal to obtain cleaned data;

[0059] Step 400: Weight the cleaned data using a weighting coefficient to obtain the actual environmental temperature of the entire monitoring area;

[0060] Step 500: Correct the leakage monitoring signal using the actual environmental temperature to obtain a corrected signal;

[0061] Step 600: Determine the monitoring result of the monitoring area using the corrected signal.

[0062] As Figures 2 to 4 shown, step 100 of this embodiment includes:

[0063] 1. Conduct requirement analysis and planning, determine the scope, characteristics, and monitoring objectives of the monitoring area, including the specific requirements for leakage detection and temperature monitoring. Develop a deployment plan to determine the deployment path, quantity, and location of the optical fiber.

[0064] 2. Select a suitable type of optical fiber, select a suitable type of distributed optical fiber according to the monitoring requirements, such as optical fiber sensors (such as Raman scattering, Brillouin scattering, etc.) and environmental temperature monitoring optical fibers (such as temperature sensing optical fibers). Ensure that the selected optical fiber has good sensitivity, environmental resistance, and adaptability.

[0065] 3. In the monitoring area, deploy the distributed optical fiber sensing network and the environmental temperature monitoring optical fiber according to the planned path. The deployment methods include:

[0066] Buried deployment, bury the optical fiber into the soil-structure contact surface, which is suitable for structures such as the culvert through the dike 101.

[0067] Lay the optical fiber along the fiber layout layer 102 on the surface of the structure, fix the optical fiber along the surface of the culvert gate to ensure that the optical fiber is in close contact with the structure.

[0068] Lay it in a loop. Set up an optical fiber loop around the culvert gate to form a closed loop for the monitoring area.

[0069] 4. Connect the laid optical fiber to the corresponding sensors and data acquisition system to ensure that the signal can be effectively transmitted. Set up optical fiber connectors and interfaces to ensure stable connection and avoid signal loss.

[0070] 5. Install the data acquisition system. Install the data acquisition system near the monitoring area, including optical fiber sensor reading devices and temperature monitoring devices. Ensure that the data acquisition system can receive and process the signals from the optical fiber in real time.

[0071] 6. System testing and debugging. Conduct system testing on the laid optical fiber sensing network (i.e., distributed optical fiber 103) and temperature monitoring optical fiber to ensure normal signal transmission. Debug the data acquisition system to ensure that it can accurately read and record the monitoring data.

[0072] 6. Start real-time monitoring, collect leakage monitoring signals and environmental temperature signals. Conduct data analysis, extract valuable information, and timely detect potential leakage problems.

[0073] Furthermore, the signal acquisition and processing method of this embodiment is as follows:

[0074] 1. Utilize the distributed optical fiber sensing network to collect leakage signals in the monitoring area in real time. Through the analysis of the scattered signals of the optical fiber sensor, identify the leakage location and degree.

[0075] 2. Temperature monitoring signal acquisition. Utilize the environmental temperature monitoring optical fiber to collect temperature signals in the monitoring area in real time. Through the temperature sensing characteristics of the optical fiber, obtain accurate temperature data.

[0076] Preferably, perform data cleaning on the temperature signal to obtain cleaned data, including:

[0077] Calculate the variance of the temperature of the environmental temperature monitoring optical fiber in each acquisition period;

[0078] Utilize the variance to construct a temperature acquisition model;

[0079] Calculate the connection degree between each environmental temperature monitoring optical fiber according to the temperature acquisition model;

[0080] Construct a connection degree matrix according to the connection degree and determine the weighted connection degree of each environmental temperature monitoring optical fiber;

[0081] Judge whether the weighted connection degree is greater than a preset threshold;

[0082] If the weighted connection degree is greater than a preset threshold, the temperature monitoring signal collected by the corresponding ambient temperature monitoring optical fiber is removed to obtain a temperature signal after removal;

[0083] The removed temperature signal is converted to obtain the cleaning data.

[0084] Specifically, since the amount of data collected by the sensor is large, data cleaning is required to eliminate abnormal data before weighting the temperature data measured by multiple sensors.

[0085] Preferably, the calculation formula of the temperature acquisition model is:

[0086]

[0087] Among them, δ i represents the variance of the temperature value of the ambient temperature monitoring optical fiber in the i-th acquisition cycle, δ j represents the variance of the temperature value of the ambient temperature monitoring optical fiber in the jth acquisition cycle, x i represents the average temperature value of the ambient temperature monitoring optical fiber in the i-th acquisition cycle, p i (xx i ) represents the acquisition model of the i-th ambient temperature monitoring optical fiber, p j (xx j ) represents the acquisition model of the jth ambient temperature monitoring optical fiber.

[0088] Preferably, calculating the connection degree between each ambient temperature monitoring optical fiber according to the temperature acquisition model includes:

[0089] The temperature acquisition model is used to determine the trust between the ambient temperature monitoring optical fibers; wherein the trust calculation formula is: Among them, d i ' j represents the trust between the i-th ambient temperature monitoring optical fiber and the j-th ambient temperature monitoring optical fiber, d j ' i represents the trust between the j-th ambient temperature monitoring optical fiber and the i-th ambient temperature monitoring optical fiber;

[0090] The connection degree between each ambient temperature monitoring optical fiber is calculated based on the trust degree between each ambient temperature monitoring optical fiber.

[0091] Preferably, the formula for calculating the connection degree between each ambient temperature monitoring optical fiber is:

[0092]

[0093] Among them, s ijIndicates the connection degree between the i-th environmental temperature monitoring optical fiber and the j-th environmental temperature monitoring optical fiber.

[0094] In practical applications, s ij The larger it is, the greater the connection degree of other environmental temperature monitoring optical fibers to this environmental temperature monitoring optical fiber. That is to say, the measurement value of this environmental temperature monitoring optical fiber has a very small difference from the measurement values collected by other environmental temperature monitoring optical fibers. Based on the weighted connection degree R i to remove abnormal temperature data, the acquisition accuracy of temperature data can be improved.

[0095] Preferably, a connection degree matrix is constructed according to the connection degree, and the weighted connection degree of each environmental temperature monitoring optical fiber is determined, including:

[0096] Determine the connection degree matrix according to the connection degree between each environmental temperature monitoring optical fiber; wherein, the connection degree matrix is:

[0097] Use the connection degree matrix to determine the weighted connection degree of each environmental temperature monitoring optical fiber; wherein, the calculation formula of the weighted connection degree is: wherein, R i represents the weighted connection degree of the i-th environmental temperature monitoring optical fiber.

[0098] Preferably, the cleaning data is weighted by a weighting coefficient to obtain the actual environmental temperature of the entire monitoring area, including:

[0099] Calculate the weighting coefficient according to the variance of the cleaning data in each acquisition period;

[0100] Based on the weighting coefficient, the cleaning data is weighted and averaged to obtain the actual environmental temperature of the entire monitoring area.

[0101] Preferably, the calculation formula of the weighting coefficient is:

[0102]

[0103] wherein, W i is the i-th weighting coefficient, and σ i ′ represents the variance of the cleaning data in the i-th acquisition period.

[0104] Specifically, the variance can reflect the concentration and dispersion degree of a set of data. The smaller the variance, the more concentrated and stable the data. Therefore, in the present invention, the variance can be used to calculate the weighting coefficient, which can make the data collected by each temperature sensor closer to the true value.

[0105] Preferably, the calculation formula of the actual environmental temperature of the entire monitoring area is:

[0106]

[0107] Among them, is the actual ambient temperature, and X i is the average value of the cleaning data in the i-th acquisition period.

[0108] Preferably, the calculation formula of the correction signal is:

[0109]

[0110] Among them, S c is the correction signal, S o is the leakage monitoring signal, α is the linear coefficient of the influence of temperature on the leakage signal, and T b is the reference temperature.

[0111] Specifically, in this embodiment, linear correction is performed, that is, the leakage signal is linearly adjusted according to the temperature change. Of course, non-linear correction can also be used in this embodiment, for example, using non-linear models (such as polynomial, exponential models) for correction.

[0112] Furthermore, in this embodiment, a reference temperature, Tb, is first selected, which can usually be the average temperature of the monitoring area or a common temperature in historical data. Then the linear coefficient α is calculated. By experimental or historical data analysis, the degree of influence of temperature change on the leakage signal is determined, and the linear coefficient α is calculated. This can be fitted by methods such as linear regression. Subsequently, for each collected leakage signal So, according to the current actual ambient temperature T, a linear relationship model is used for correction to obtain the corrected signal Sc.

[0113] Even further, in this embodiment, verification and adjustment are also performed, that is, the corrected signal is verified to ensure its accuracy. If a deviation is found, the linear coefficient α can be adjusted or the reference temperature Tb can be reselected.

[0114] Optionally, in this embodiment, according to historical data, experimental results or industry standards, a leakage monitoring threshold St is set, and this threshold is used to judge whether there is leakage in the monitoring area. The corrected leakage monitoring signal Sc is compared with the set threshold St. If Sc > St, it is judged that there is leakage in the monitoring area. If Sc ≤ St, it is judged that there is no leakage in the monitoring area.

[0115] Furthermore, subsequently, this embodiment records and reports the results, records the monitoring results in the database, including information such as timestamps, correction signal values, judgment results, etc. A monitoring report is generated, which details the status of the monitoring area, including leakage conditions, temperature changes, etc.

[0116] If the monitoring result shows leakage, the alarm system is triggered to notify relevant personnel for on-site inspection and handling. This embodiment also sets up a response mechanism to ensure that measures can be taken promptly when leakage is detected, reducing potential risks. In addition, this embodiment regularly analyzes the monitoring data to evaluate the performance and accuracy of the monitoring system. According to the analysis results, the monitoring threshold, calibration model, or sensor layout is adjusted to improve the monitoring effect.

[0117] Furthermore, this embodiment regularly maintains the monitoring system to ensure the normal operation of sensors and data acquisition devices. According to the feedback of the monitoring results, the data processing algorithm and monitoring strategy are optimized to enhance the intelligent level of the system.

[0118] The beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows:

[0119] (1) The present invention applies the distributed fiber optic sensing technology to the leakage monitoring of the culvert through the dam, uses the fiber optic technology to achieve high-precision and long-distance leakage detection, can obtain the monitoring data in real time, and improves the response speed and sensitivity of the monitoring.

[0120] (2) The present invention combines leakage monitoring and environmental temperature monitoring, and improves the data accuracy of leakage monitoring through the environmental temperature monitoring optical fiber. Introducing temperature correction into the leakage signal can better eliminate the influence brought by temperature changes and ensure the reliability of the monitoring results.

[0121] (3) The present invention introduces data cleaning and weighted calculation steps, which can effectively process the outliers and noise in the original temperature signal, improve the quality of temperature monitoring data, and this process is often ignored in traditional monitoring systems.

[0122] (4) The present invention corrects the leakage monitoring signal using the actual environmental temperature, constructs a model of the relationship between temperature and leakage signal, and ensures that the monitoring signal can more truly reflect the leakage situation.

[0123] (5) The method for determining the monitoring result by the present invention through the corrected signal provides a systematic and quantifiable leakage detection evaluation scheme, and can dynamically evaluate the leakage risk according to the change of the monitoring signal.

[0124] Each embodiment in this specification is described in a progressive manner. Each embodiment focuses on the differences from other embodiments. The same or similar parts among the embodiments can be referred to each other.

[0125] In this article, specific examples are used to illustrate the principle and implementation of the present invention. The description of the above embodiments is only for helping to understand the method and its core idea of the present invention; at the same time, for those of ordinary skill in the art, according to the idea of the present invention, there will be changes in the specific implementation and application scope. In summary, the content of this specification should not be construed as a limitation to the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for leakage monitoring of a culvert through a dike based on distributed optical fiber, characterized in that, Including: Distributed optical fiber sensing networks and ambient temperature monitoring optical fibers are respectively arranged on the soil structure contact surfaces of the culverts passing through the dike; Using the distributed optical fiber sensing network to detect leakage in the monitoring area to obtain leakage monitoring signals, and using the ambient temperature monitoring optical fiber to monitor the temperature in the monitoring area to obtain temperature signals; Performing data cleaning on the temperature signals to obtain cleaned data; Using a weighting coefficient to weight the cleaned data to obtain the actual ambient temperature of the entire monitoring area; Using the actual ambient temperature to correct the leakage monitoring signals to obtain corrected signals; Using the corrected signals to determine the monitoring results of the monitoring area; The calculation formula for the actual ambient temperature of the entire monitoring area is: Among them, is the actual ambient temperature, X i is the average value of the cleaning data in the i-th acquisition period, W i is the i-th weighting coefficient; The calculation formula for the corrected signals is: Among them, S c is the correction signal, S o is the leakage monitoring signal, α is the linear coefficient of the influence of temperature on the leakage signal, and T b is the reference temperature.

2. The method for monitoring leakage of a culvert through a dam based on distributed optical fiber according to claim 1, wherein Performing data cleaning on the temperature signals to obtain cleaned data, including: Calculating the variance of the temperature of the ambient temperature monitoring optical fiber in each acquisition period; Using the variance to construct a temperature acquisition model; Calculating the connection degree between each ambient temperature monitoring optical fiber according to the temperature acquisition model; Constructing a connection degree matrix according to the connection degree and determining the weighted connection degree of each ambient temperature monitoring optical fiber; Judging whether the weighted connection degree is greater than a preset threshold; If the weighted connection degree is greater than the preset threshold, removing the temperature monitoring signals collected by the corresponding ambient temperature monitoring optical fiber to obtain the removed temperature signals; Converting the removed temperature signals to obtain the cleaned data.

3. The method for monitoring leakage of a culvert through a dam based on distributed optical fiber according to claim 2, characterized in that, The calculation formula for the temperature acquisition model is: Among them, δ i represents the variance of the temperature value of the environmental temperature monitoring optical fiber in the i-th acquisition period, and δ j represents the variance of the temperature value of the environmental temperature monitoring optical fiber in the j-th acquisition period, x i represents the average value of the temperature value of the environmental temperature monitoring optical fiber in the i-th acquisition period, p i (x / x i ) represents the acquisition model of the i-th environmental temperature monitoring optical fiber, p j (x / x j ) represents the acquisition model of the j-th environmental temperature monitoring optical fiber.

4. The method for monitoring the leakage of the culvert through the dike based on distributed optical fiber according to claim 3, wherein, Calculating the connection degree between each ambient temperature monitoring optical fiber according to the temperature acquisition model, including: Determine the trust degree between each environmental temperature monitoring optical fiber by using a temperature acquisition model; wherein, the trust degree calculation formula is as follows: wherein, d′ ij represents the trust degree between the i-th environmental temperature monitoring optical fiber and the j-th environmental temperature monitoring optical fiber, and d′ ji represents the trust degree between the j-th environmental temperature monitoring optical fiber and the i-th environmental temperature monitoring optical fiber; Calculating the connection degree between each ambient temperature monitoring optical fiber based on the trust degree between the ambient temperature monitoring optical fibers.

5. The leakage monitoring method for the culvert through the dike based on distributed optical fiber according to claim 4, characterized in that The formula for calculating the connection degree between each ambient temperature monitoring optical fiber is: Among them, s ij represents the connection degree between the i-th environmental temperature monitoring optical fiber and the j-th environmental temperature monitoring optical fiber.

6. The leakage monitoring method for culverts and sluices passing through dikes based on distributed optical fibers according to claim 5, characterized in that, Constructing a connection degree matrix according to the connection degree and determining the weighted connection degree of each ambient temperature monitoring optical fiber, including: Determine the connection degree matrix according to the connection degree between each environmental temperature monitoring optical fiber; wherein, the connection degree matrix is as follows: Determine the weighted connection degree of each environmental temperature monitoring optical fiber by using the connection degree matrix; wherein, the calculation formula of the weighted connection degree is: wherein, R i represents the weighted connection degree of the i-th environmental temperature monitoring optical fiber.

7. The leakage monitoring method for the culvert through the dike based on distributed optical fiber according to claim 6, characterized in that, Using a weighting coefficient to weight the cleaned data to obtain the actual ambient temperature of the entire monitoring area, including: Calculating the weighting coefficient according to the variance of the cleaned data in each acquisition period; Performing weighted averaging on the cleaned data based on the weighting coefficient to obtain the actual ambient temperature of the entire monitoring area.

8. The method for monitoring the leakage of the culvert and sluice passing through the dike based on distributed optical fiber according to claim 7, characterized in that, The calculation formula for the weighting coefficient is: where, W i is the i-th weighting coefficient, and σ i ' represents the variance of the cleaning data in the i-th acquisition period.

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