A maintenance-free and energy-saving copper-aluminum composite conductive bar explosive welding manufacturing equipment

Abstract

The invention relates to explosive welding manufacturing equipment for a maintenance-free and energy-saving copper-aluminum composite conductive bar. The copper-aluminum composite conductive bar comprises an aluminum substrate and a copper composite plate, a gap column is arranged between the aluminum substrate and the copper composite plate, an explosive layer is evenly spread on the upper side of the copper composite plate, and a detonating cap is placed in the middle of the explosive layer, a clamping device is arranged on the left and right sides of a protective box, and a buffer device is arranged in the protective box; during the explosive welding process, the copper-aluminum composite conductive bar is arranged between the buffer layer and the impact panel, on the one hand, under the limiting effect of the buffer layer and the impact panel, the loss of the explosion energy of the explosive layer is reduced, while ensuring the quality of the explosive welding, the use of explosives is reduced, and the energy-saving effect is achieved; on the other hand, the surplus energy of the explosion is used to extrude and shape the side edges of the aluminum substrate and the copper composite plate, and the surplus energy of the explosive welding is fully utilized while the side edges of the aluminum substrate and the copper composite plate are extruded and shaped, so that subsequent maintenance of the copper-aluminum composite conductive bar can be avoided.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of welding forming, and in particular relates to explosive welding manufacturing equipment for a maintenance-free and energy-saving copper-aluminum composite conductive bar. Background Art

[0002] Explosive welding uses the explosion of explosives to drive the composite plate and the base plate to produce a high-speed oblique collision. The collision peels off and ejects a small amount of metal jet on the material contact surface, producing a "self-cleaning" effect, exposing the uncontaminated clean metal body on the welding surface; at the same time, the metal body contact surface behind the jet produces solid phase diffusion and melting welding under the combined action of the high pressure, large deformation, high-speed nearly adiabatic deformation and high temperature generated by high-pressure compression; the high temperature of the interface after welding will quickly dissipate heat into the low-temperature matrix with small deformation, so that the high-pressure interface bonding state is quickly quenched and fixed, preventing excessive metal diffusion reaction and the formation of a large number of brittle phases.

[0003] The copper-aluminum composite conductive bar, a key component of the traditional graphitization furnace, has problems such as low interface bonding strength, low transmission efficiency and poor service stability. In view of the shortcomings of the existing technology, a one-time vacuum explosion welding connection method is used instead of the traditional crimping method to reduce interface pores, which can effectively improve the conduction efficiency and service stability: after the aluminum substrate and the copper composite plate are explosion-welded, the aluminum substrate and the copper composite plate are deformed due to the explosion impact, resulting in the need for shearing maintenance on the side edges, which is time-consuming and labor-intensive, limiting the production efficiency of the copper-aluminum composite conductive bar.

[0004] In view of the shortcomings of existing technologies, further improvements are needed. Summary of the invention

[0005] In view of this, the object of the present invention is to provide a maintenance-free and energy-saving copper-aluminum composite conductive bar explosion welding manufacturing equipment to solve the above problems.

[0006] To achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is: a maintenance-free and energy-saving copper-aluminum composite conductive bar explosion welding manufacturing equipment, the copper-aluminum composite conductive bar includes an aluminum base plate and a copper composite plate, a gap column is arranged between the aluminum base plate and the copper composite plate, an explosive layer is evenly spread on the upper side of the copper composite plate, and a detonating detonator is placed in the middle of the explosive layer, the copper-aluminum composite conductive bar is explosion welded in a protective box, clamping devices are arranged on the left and right sides of the inside of the protective box, a buffer layer with a convex middle part is arranged between the two clamping devices, the aluminum base plate is placed in the convex middle part of the buffer layer, the end cover is covered on the upper port of the protective box, and a buckle is arranged on the side edge of the end cover, and a buffer device is arranged in the protective box.

[0007] The clamping device includes a fixed clamping plate, a movable clamping plate, and an adjusting seat, the fixed clamping plate is located below the adjusting seat, and a limit guide rail is arranged between the fixed clamping plate and the adjusting seat, the rear end of the adjusting seat is fixedly connected to the upper end of the limit guide rail, the rear end of the fixed clamping plate is fixedly connected to the lower end of the limit guide rail, the movable clamping plate is located between the adjusting seat and the fixed clamping plate, and the rear end of the movable clamping plate is slidably connected to the limit guide rail, the upper side of the fixed clamping plate near the front end is an inclined surface, and the lower side of the movable clamping plate near the front end is an inclined surface, so that a side-placed V-shaped opening is formed between the fixed clamping plate and the movable clamping plate, and the adjusting seat is rotatably connected to the adjusting shaft, and the adjusting shaft A knob is provided at the upper end, the lower end of the adjusting shaft is fixedly connected to the screw, the lower end of the adjusting screw is rotatably connected to the fixed splint, the adjusting screw is threadedly matched with the movable splint, and a first push rod is fixed on the back side of the limiting guide rail. A horizontally placed first cavity and a vertically placed second cavity are provided in the protective box, the upper end of the second cavity is open, the first push rod is inserted into the first cavity of the protective box, and a first piston is slidably connected in the second cavity, a first rocker arm is provided between the lower side of the first piston and the first push rod, one end of the first rocker arm is hinged to the middle part of the lower side of the first piston, and the other end of the first rocker arm is hinged to one end of the first push rod located in the first cavity.

[0008] The buffer device includes an impact panel, a second push rod is fixed on the middle part of the upper side of the impact panel, a second swing rod is symmetrically arranged on the upper side of the second push rod, an L-shaped cylinder is symmetrically arranged in the end cover, an annular limiting protrusion is arranged at the corner of the horizontal cavity and the vertical cavity of the cylinder, a second piston is slidably connected in the horizontal cavity of the cylinder, and a third push rod is fixed on the front side of the second piston, one end of the second swing rod is hinged to the third push rod, and the other end of the second swing rod is hinged to the second push rod, a return spring is arranged in the horizontal cavity of the cylinder, one end of the return spring is fixedly connected to the bottom end of the horizontal cavity of the cylinder, and the other end of the return spring is fixedly connected to the second piston, the third piston is slidably connected in the vertical cavity of the cylinder, an impact rod is fixed on the lower side of the third piston, the lower end of the impact rod passes through the lower end of the cylinder, and an impact end is fixed to the lower end of the impact rod, the impact end is opposite to the opening of the upper end of the second cavity, so as to be inserted into the second cavity.

[0009] A locking device is provided in the adjusting seat, and the locking device includes a locking disk, which is fixedly connected to the adjusting shaft, locking holes are evenly distributed on the side of the locking disk, and the locking disk is rotatably connected to the adjusting seat, a locking rod is fixedly provided at the front end of the adjusting seat, the bottom end of the locking rod is inserted into the locking hole of the locking disk, a handle is fixed at the top end of the locking rod, which is convenient for pushing and pulling the locking rod, a baffle is fixed on the locking rod, and a locking spring is sleeved on the locking rod, one end of the locking spring is fixedly connected to the baffle, and the other end of the locking spring is fixedly connected to the top end of the adjusting seat.

[0010] Preferably, the gap column is made of a hollow aluminum alloy material with a height of 15 mm.

[0011] Preferably, the end cover is provided with a wire hole for facilitating the passage of the wire.

[0012] Preferably, the width of the convex portion in the middle of the buffer layer is smaller than the width of the aluminum substrate.

[0013] The beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: the present invention utilizes a protective box and an end cover for protection during the explosion welding of the copper-aluminum composite conductive bar, a buffer layer in the protective box for buffering, and an impact panel for buffering the explosion. At the same time, the impact force generated by the explosion is used to compress the air in the cylinder, and the third piston is pushed to slide. The third piston impacts the first piston through the impact end, and then drives the V-shaped opening formed by the fixed clamping plate and the movable clamping plate to squeeze the side edges of the aluminum substrate and the copper composite plate. After the aluminum substrate and the copper composite plate are melted together by the explosion impact, the side edges of the aluminum substrate and the copper composite plate are subjected to secondary extrusion reinforcement; in addition, the impact force generated by the explosion is used to push the fixed clamping plate and the movable clamping plate to slide Approaching the side edges of the aluminum substrate and the copper composite plate, the side edges of the aluminum substrate and the copper composite plate are extruded and shaped. On the one hand, during the explosion welding process, the copper-aluminum composite conductive bar is arranged between the buffer layer and the impact panel. Under the limiting effect of the buffer layer and the impact panel, the loss of the explosion energy of the explosive layer is reduced, and the use of explosives is reduced while ensuring the quality of the explosion welding, thereby achieving energy-saving effects. On the other hand, the surplus energy of the explosion is used to extrude and shape the side edges of the aluminum substrate and the copper composite plate. While making full use of the surplus energy of the explosion welding, the side edges of the aluminum substrate and the copper composite plate are extruded and shaped, which can avoid the subsequent maintenance of the copper-aluminum composite conductive bar and improve the production efficiency of the copper-aluminum composite conductive bar. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0014] Figure 1 This is the structure diagram of the copper-aluminum composite conductive bar;

[0015] Figure 2 This is the structural diagram of the explosive welding device;

[0016] Figure 3 This is the internal structure diagram of the explosive welding device;

[0017] Figure 4 It is the structural diagram of the clamping device;

[0018] Figure 5 for Figure 4 A partial enlarged view of the middle part;

[0019] Figure 6 This is the structural diagram of the buffer device.

[0020] Numbers in the figure: 1 aluminum substrate; 2 copper composite plate; 3 explosive layer; 4 detonating cap; 5 gap column; 6 protection box; 601 first cavity; 602 second cavity; 7 end cover; 8 buffer layer; 9 buckle; 10 clamping device; 11 buffer device; 12 fixed splint; 13 movable splint; 14 adjustment seat; 15 limit guide rail; 16 adjustment shaft; 17 screw; 18 first push rod; 19 first piston; 20 first rocker arm; 21 locking plate; 2101 lock hole; 22 locking rod; 23 baffle; 24 locking spring; 25 impact panel; 26 second push rod; 27 second rocker arm; 28 cylinder; 29 second piston; 30 third push rod; 31 return spring; 32 third piston; 33 impact rod; 34 impact end. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0021] The present invention is further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments:

[0022] like Figure 1-6 As shown, a maintenance-free and energy-saving copper-aluminum composite conductive bar explosion welding manufacturing equipment, the copper-aluminum composite conductive bar includes an aluminum substrate 1 and a copper composite plate 2, a gap column 5 is arranged between the aluminum substrate 1 and the copper composite plate 2, and the gap column 5 is used for support to leave a gap between the aluminum substrate 1 and the copper composite plate 2, an explosive layer 3 is evenly spread on the upper side of the copper composite plate 2, and a detonating detonator 4 is placed in the middle of the explosive layer 3, the copper-aluminum composite conductive bar is explosion welded in a protective box 6, clamping devices 10 are arranged on the left and right sides of the protective box 6, a buffer layer 8 with a convex middle part is arranged between the two clamping devices, the aluminum substrate 1 is placed in the convex middle part of the buffer layer 8, the end cover 7 covers the upper port of the protective box 6, and a buckle 9 is arranged on the side edge of the end cover 7, the end cover 7 is fixed to the upper side of the protective box 6 by the buckle 9, and a buffer device 11 is arranged in the protective box 6.

[0023] In this embodiment, the clamping device 10 includes a fixed clamping plate 12, a movable clamping plate 13, and an adjustment seat 14. The fixed clamping plate 12 is located below the adjustment seat 14, and a limit guide rail 15 is arranged between the fixed clamping plate 12 and the adjustment seat 14. The rear end of the adjustment seat 14 is fixedly connected to the upper end of the limit guide rail 15, and the rear end of the fixed clamping plate 12 is fixedly connected to the lower end of the limit guide rail 15. The movable clamping plate 13 is located between the adjustment seat 14 and the fixed clamping plate 12, and the rear end of the movable clamping plate 13 is slidably connected to the limit guide rail 15. The upper side of the fixed clamping plate 12 near the front end is an inclined surface, and the lower side of the movable clamping plate 13 near the front end is an inclined surface, so that a side-placed V-shaped opening is formed between the fixed clamping plate 12 and the movable clamping plate 13. The adjustment seat 14 is rotatably connected to an adjusting shaft 16, and the adjusting shaft 1 6 is provided with a knob at the upper end, the lower end of the adjusting shaft 16 is fixedly connected to the screw 17, the lower end of the adjusting screw 17 is rotatably connected to the fixed clamping plate 12, the adjusting screw 17 is threadedly matched with the movable clamping plate 13, and a first push rod 18 is fixed on the back side of the limiting guide rail 15. A horizontally placed first cavity 601 and a vertically placed second cavity 602 are provided in the protective box 6, the upper end of the second cavity 602 is open, the first push rod 18 is inserted into the first cavity 601 of the protective box 6, and a first piston 19 is slidably connected in the second cavity 602. A first swing rod 20 is provided between the lower side of the first piston 19 and the first push rod 18, one end of the first swing rod 20 is hinged to the middle part of the lower side of the first piston 19, and the other end of the first swing rod 20 is hinged to one end of the first push rod 18 located in the first cavity 601.

[0024] In this embodiment, the buffer device 11 includes an impact panel 25, a second push rod 26 is fixed to the middle of the upper side of the impact panel 25, a second swing rod 27 is symmetrically arranged on the upper side of the second push rod 26, an L-shaped cylinder 28 is symmetrically arranged in the end cover 7, and a circular limiting protrusion is arranged at the corner of the horizontal cavity and the vertical cavity of the cylinder 28, a second piston 29 is slidably connected in the horizontal cavity of the cylinder 28, and a third push rod 30 is fixed to the front side of the second piston 29, one end of the second swing rod 27 is hinged to the third push rod 30, and the other end of the second swing rod 27 It is hinged with the second push rod 26, and a return spring 31 is arranged in the horizontal cavity of the cylinder 28, one end of the return spring 31 is fixedly connected to the bottom end of the horizontal cavity of the cylinder 28, and the other end of the return spring 31 is fixedly connected to the second piston 29, and a third piston 32 is slidably connected in the vertical cavity of the cylinder 28, and an impact rod 33 is fixed on the lower side of the third piston 32, and the lower end of the impact rod 33 passes through the lower end of the cylinder 28, and an impact end 34 is fixed to the lower end of the impact rod 33, and the impact end 34 is opposite to the upper end opening of the second cavity 602, so as to be inserted into the second cavity 602 conveniently.

[0025] In this embodiment, a locking device is provided in the adjustment seat 14, and the locking device includes a locking disk 21, which is fixedly connected to the adjustment shaft 16, and locking holes 2101 are evenly distributed on the side of the locking disk 21, and the locking disk 21 is rotatably connected to the adjustment seat 14, and a locking rod 22 is fixedly provided at the front end of the adjustment seat 14, and the bottom end of the locking rod 22 is inserted into the locking hole 2101 of the locking disk 21, and a handle is fixed on the top of the locking rod 22 for easy pushing and pulling of the locking rod 22, a baffle 23 is fixed on the locking rod 22, and a locking spring 24 is sleeved on the locking rod 22, one end of the locking spring 24 is fixedly connected to the baffle 23, and the other end of the locking spring 24 is fixedly connected to the top of the adjustment seat 14.

[0026] In this embodiment, the spacer column 5 is made of a hollow aluminum alloy material with a height of 15 mm.

[0027] In this embodiment, the end cover 7 is provided with a lead hole for facilitating the passage of the lead wire.

[0028] In this embodiment, the width of the convex portion of the middle portion of the buffer layer 8 is smaller than the width of the aluminum substrate 1, ensuring that when the fixed splint and the movable splint squeeze the aluminum substrate and the side edge of the copper composite plate, the fixed splint and the movable splint have sufficient translation space.

[0029] The process of explosive welding of the copper-aluminum composite conductive bar is as follows:

[0030] S1: Select and process the aluminum substrate 1 and the copper clad plate 2 according to the final material combination required, cut them into appropriate sizes, polish the surfaces to be welded of the aluminum substrate 1 and the copper clad plate 2 to remove the surface oxide layer, then clean them with alcohol, and dry them for use;

[0031] S2: placing the buffer layer 8, the aluminum substrate 1, the spacer column 5, and the copper-clad plate 2 into the protective box 6, and the spacer column 5 is located between the surfaces to be welded of the aluminum substrate 1 and the copper-clad plate 2; maintaining an appropriate distance between the aluminum substrate 1 and the copper-clad plate 2;

[0032] S3: Pull the lock rod 22 to separate the lock rod 22 from the lock hole 2101 on the lock disk 21, then turn the adjustment shaft 16 to rotate, drive the screw 17 to rotate, and adjust the distance between the movable clamping plate 13 and the fixed clamping plate 12 under the threaded cooperation of the screw 17 and the movable clamping plate 13, so that the V-shaped opening formed by the movable clamping plate 13 and the fixed clamping plate 12 is larger than the distance between the upper side of the copper-clad plate 2 and the lower side of the aluminum substrate 1, and then release the lock rod 22, and under the elastic force of the locking spring 24, push the lock rod 22 to insert into the lock hole 2101 of the lock disk 21, and rotate the adjustment shaft 16 again;

[0033] S3: Explosives are evenly laid on the upper side of the copper-clad plate 2 to form an explosive layer 3, and a detonating cap 4 is inserted into the middle of the explosive layer 3, and a lead connected to the detonator 4 is passed through the lead hole of the end cover 7, and the end cover 7 is covered on the protective box 6, and the impact panel 25 is in contact with the explosive layer 3;

[0034] S4: detonating the explosive layer 3 by detonating the detonator 4, and utilizing the impact extrusion force generated by the explosion of the explosive layer 3 to weld the aluminum base plate 1 and the copper composite plate 2 together;

[0035] When the explosive layer 3 explodes, on the one hand, it impacts the aluminum substrate 1 and the copper composite plate 2 for explosion welding, and on the other hand, it reversely impacts the impact panel 25, driving the second push rod 26 to move upward, and the second swing rod 27 to swing. During the swinging of the second swing rod 27, the second piston 29 is driven to slide, compressing the air in the cylinder 28 to buffer the shock wave of the explosion. As the air pressure in the cylinder 28 increases, the air pressure in the cylinder 28 pushes the third piston 32 to slide downward, driving the impact end 34 to hit the first piston 19. During the downward sliding of the first piston 19, the first swing rod 20 swings. During the swinging of the second swing rod 27, the first push rod 18 pushes the fixed splint 12 and the movable splint 13 to slide, and the V-shaped opening formed by the fixed splint 12 and the movable splint 13 squeezes the side edges of the aluminum substrate 1 and the copper composite plate 2 to reinforce the aluminum substrate 1 and the copper composite plate 2.

[0036] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A maintenance-free and energy-saving copper-aluminum composite conductive bar explosion welding manufacturing equipment, the copper-aluminum composite conductive bar comprises an aluminum substrate and a copper composite plate, characterized in that: A gap column is arranged between the aluminum substrate and the copper composite plate, an explosive layer is evenly spread on the upper side of the copper composite plate, and a detonating cap is placed in the middle of the explosive layer. The copper-aluminum composite conductive bar is explosion-welded in the protective box, and clamping devices are arranged on the left and right sides of the interior of the protective box, and a buffer layer with a convex middle portion is arranged between the two clamping devices. The aluminum substrate is placed in the convex middle portion of the buffer layer, and the end cover is covered on the upper port of the protective box, and a buckle is arranged on the side edge of the end cover. A buffer device is arranged in the protective box; the clamping device includes a fixed splint, a movable splint, and an adjusting seat, the fixed splint is located below the adjusting seat, and a limited position guide is arranged between the fixed splint and the adjusting seat. The cam is connected to the upper end of the limit guide rail by a rear end adjustment mechanism, and the rear end of the fixed splint is connected to the lower end of the limit guide rail by a rear end adjustment mechanism. The movable splint is located between the adjusting seat and the fixed splint, and the rear end of the movable splint is slidably connected to the limit guide rail. The upper side of the fixed splint near the front end is an inclined surface, and the lower side of the movable splint near the front end is an inclined surface, so that a V-shaped opening is formed between the fixed splint and the movable splint. The adjusting seat is rotatably connected with an adjusting shaft, and a knob is provided at the upper end of the adjusting shaft. The lower end of the adjusting shaft is fixedly connected with the screw, and the lower end of the adjusting screw is rotatably connected with the fixed splint. The adjusting screw and the movable splint are threadedly matched, and a first push rod is fixed on the back side of the limit guide rail. The protection box is provided with a horizontally placed first cavity and a vertically placed second cavity, the upper end of the second cavity is open, the first push rod is inserted into the first cavity of the protection box, the second cavity is slidably connected with a first piston, a first swing rod is provided between the lower side of the first piston and the first push rod, one end of the first swing rod is hinged to the middle part of the lower side of the first piston, and the other end of the first swing rod is hinged to an end of the first push rod located in the first cavity; the buffer device includes an impact panel, a second push rod is fixed to the middle part of the upper side of the impact panel, a second swing rod is symmetrically provided on the upper side of the second push rod, an L-shaped cylinder is symmetrically provided in the end cover, and the horizontal cavity of the cylinder and the corner part of the vertical cavity An annular limiting protrusion is provided, a second piston is slidably connected in the horizontal cavity of the cylinder, and a third push rod is fixed on the front side of the second piston, one end of the second swing rod is hinged to the third push rod, and the other end of the second swing rod is hinged to the second push rod, a return spring is provided in the horizontal cavity of the cylinder, one end of the return spring is fixedly connected to the bottom end of the horizontal cavity of the cylinder, and the other end of the return spring is fixedly connected to the second piston, a third piston is slidably connected in the vertical cavity of the cylinder, an impact rod is fixed on the lower side of the third piston, the lower end of the impact rod passes through the lower end of the cylinder, and an impact end is fixed to the lower end of the impact rod, the impact end is opposite to the upper end opening of the second cavity, so as to be inserted into the second cavity easily.

2. The explosive welding manufacturing equipment for maintenance-free and energy-saving copper-aluminum composite conductive bars according to claim 1 is characterized in that: A locking device is provided in the adjusting seat, and the locking device includes a locking disk, which is fixedly connected to the adjusting shaft, locking holes are evenly distributed on the side of the locking disk, and the locking disk is rotatably connected to the adjusting seat, a locking rod is fixedly provided at the front end of the adjusting seat, the bottom end of the locking rod is inserted into the locking hole of the locking disk, a handle is fixed at the top end of the locking rod, which is convenient for pushing and pulling the locking rod, a baffle is fixed on the locking rod, and a locking spring is sleeved on the locking rod, one end of the locking spring is fixedly connected to the baffle, and the other end of the locking spring is fixedly connected to the top end of the adjusting seat.

3. The explosive welding manufacturing equipment for maintenance-free and energy-saving copper-aluminum composite conductive bars according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The gap column is made of hollow aluminum alloy material with a height of 15 mm.

4. The explosive welding manufacturing equipment for maintenance-free and energy-saving copper-aluminum composite conductive bars according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The end cover is provided with a lead wire hole for the lead wire to pass through.

5. The explosive welding manufacturing equipment for maintenance-free and energy-saving copper-aluminum composite conductive bars according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The width of the convex portion in the middle of the buffer layer is smaller than the width of the aluminum substrate.

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