A method and device for cultivating morel mushrooms

Abstract

The present application relates to the technical field of morchella cultivation, and discloses a morchella cultivation method and a cultivation device, which are characterized by the following: the cultivation bed is arranged underground, the underground humid and dark environment can be fully utilized, the cultivation of the mycelium is facilitated, the underground environment is easier to keep warm and humid, the difficulty and cost of artificial regulation of temperature and humidity are greatly reduced, in addition, the underground cultivation bed fully utilizes the height difference between the underground and the ground, the longitudinal height requirement of the arched mushroom shed is greatly reduced, the manufacturing cost of the mushroom shed is effectively saved, the arched mushroom shed is not easily attacked by wind and snow in bad weather due to its low height, the ability of the arched mushroom shed to resist natural disasters such as violent wind and snow is effectively enhanced, the service life of the arched mushroom shed is effectively improved, the accidental risk in the cultivation process is greatly reduced, the yield of morchella cultivation is effectively ensured, and the arched mushroom shed has the advantages of good temperature regulation uniformity and high temperature regulation efficiency.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of morel mushroom cultivation technology, and particularly to a morel mushroom cultivation method and cultivation device. Background Technology

[0002] Morel mushrooms are valuable medicinal and edible fungi. They contain polysaccharides that inhibit tumors, as well as antibacterial and antiviral active ingredients, which enhance immunity, combat fatigue, fight viruses, and inhibit tumors. The abundant selenium in morel mushrooms is a component of glutathione peroxidase in human erythrocytes, which can transport large amounts of oxygen molecules to inhibit malignant tumors, inactivate cancer cells, and enhance the antioxidant effect of vitamin E. Morel mushroom protein has various functions, including glucan lyase activity, lipoxygenase activity, and inhibition of platelet aggregation. Some peptides and amino acids formed from the digestion and decomposition of morel mushroom protein have blood pressure-lowering and antibacterial functions. It is rich in eight essential amino acids, including isoleucine and lysine, accounting for 47.47% of the total amino acids. Isoleucine is the most effective branched-chain amino acid, effectively preventing muscle loss because it can be broken down into glucose more quickly. Glucose can prevent muscle tissue damage and provide energy to body tissues. Therefore, it is often referred to internationally as a "health food."

[0003] Currently, the artificial cultivation of morel mushrooms mainly relies on greenhouse conditions. However, the following problems still exist in the existing greenhouse cultivation process:

[0004] 1) Problems with the greenhouse frame: Although covering the greenhouse frame with film and netting can achieve the functions of shading and heat preservation, the temperature regulation efficiency is low and the ventilation effect is poor.

[0005] 2) Water vapor in the air inside the greenhouse easily condenses into a large number of water droplets on the inner wall of the greenhouse. Water droplets falling on the planting bed can easily cause the soil to become too wet or dripping onto the fungus and causing the fungus to rot. Summary of the Invention

[0006] The purpose of this invention is to provide a method and apparatus for cultivating morel mushrooms, which effectively solves the problems in the prior art such as low temperature regulation efficiency, poor ventilation, and water droplets from water vapor condensation causing excessive soil moisture or dripping onto the mushroom body causing rot.

[0007] The above-mentioned technical objective of the present invention is achieved through the following technical solution:

[0008] A method for cultivating morel mushrooms, characterized by the following steps:

[0009] S1. Construct underground cultivation beds: Dig 0.8 to 1.2 meters down from the ground to make underground cultivation beds, which are 50 meters long and 8 meters wide;

[0010] S2. Constructing mushroom sheds: Construct arched mushroom sheds 1m above the ground on the underground cultivation bed;

[0011] S3. Dig irrigation and drainage ditches: Dig irrigation and drainage ditches 40-50cm wide and 30cm deep around the bottom of the underground cultivation bed;

[0012] S4. Sowing: Control the temperature inside the greenhouse to 18-20℃, and the soil moisture of the underground cultivation bed to 50-70%. Break the morel mushroom spawn into walnut-sized pieces and sow them evenly on the underground cultivation bed. The amount of spawn per greenhouse is 250-300 kg.

[0013] S5. Mycelial Management: During the mycelial growth period, regulate the temperature inside the greenhouse and maintain it at 20-28℃, and keep the air humidity at 75%-85%;

[0014] S6. Inducing mushroom growth: When the mycelium reaches the nutrient bag, control the soil temperature to 8-12℃ and replenish water to induce mushroom growth.

[0015] S7. Mushroom cultivation and harvesting: When small white spots appear in the soil, increase the soil and air humidity and oxygen levels, and maintain ventilation. After 3-5 days, when small mushroom buds form, gradually increase the light exposure until the caps of the fruiting bodies grow to about 5-7 cm, at which point they can be harvested.

[0016] By adopting the above-mentioned technical solution, the cultivation bed is set up underground, which makes full use of the damp and dark underground environment, which is conducive to mycelial cultivation. Moreover, the underground environment is easier to keep warm and moist, which greatly reduces the difficulty and cost of artificially controlling temperature and humidity. In addition, the underground cultivation bed makes full use of the height difference between the underground and the ground, which greatly reduces the vertical height requirement of the arched mushroom shed. This not only effectively saves the manufacturing cost of the mushroom shed, but also makes it less susceptible to wind and snow in severe weather, thus effectively enhancing the ability of the arched mushroom shed to resist natural disasters such as blizzards. This not only effectively increases the service life of the arched mushroom shed, but also greatly reduces the unexpected risks in the cultivation process, effectively ensuring the yield of morel mushroom cultivation.

[0017] A morel mushroom cultivation device includes an arched mushroom shed. The arched mushroom shed includes a frame, which includes two horizontal support pipes parallel to the length of the underground cultivation bed and of the same length as the underground cultivation bed. The two horizontal support pipes are connected by multiple equally spaced and parallel arched connecting pipes. Each horizontal support pipe and arched connecting pipe is interconnected. The two horizontal support pipes are respectively connected to a water supply pipe and a drainage pipe. Adjacent arched connecting pipes are connected by a heat insulation and light-shielding device. Arched light-shielding curtains are fixed on the arched connecting pipes at both ends of the axial direction of the frame.

[0018] By adopting the above technical solution, the heat preservation and shading device and the arched shading curtain isolate the inner cavity of the frame from the outside, so that the inner cavity of the frame forms a closed greenhouse planting space. When it is necessary to regulate the temperature inside the greenhouse, the water supply pipe and the drainage pipe are controlled to continuously input circulating water into the inner cavity of the frame formed by the horizontal support pipes and the arched connecting pipes. During the continuous circulation of the circulating water, the temperature of each part of the greenhouse is continuously regulated, resulting in good temperature regulation uniformity and high temperature regulation efficiency.

[0019] A further feature of the present invention is that the heat-insulating and light-shielding device includes multiple heat-insulating and light-shielding plates, the upper ends of each heat-insulating and light-shielding plate are rotatably connected to the mounting plate on the arched connecting pipe via a rotating shaft, and the lower ends of the upper heat-insulating and light-shielding plates overlap the outer side of the upper ends of the lower heat-insulating and light-shielding plates.

[0020] By adopting the above technical solution, the heat-insulating and shading device uses heat-insulating and shading panels to shade and insulate the planting space inside the greenhouse. Under natural conditions, each heat-insulating and shading panel hangs down naturally under its own weight, with the lower end of the upper heat-insulating and shading panel automatically overlapping the outer side of the lower heat-insulating and shading panel, thus forming a sealed space inside the greenhouse that is isolated from the external environment and prevents heat exchange between the inside and outside of the greenhouse, thereby achieving the effect of heat preservation. When ventilation is required inside the greenhouse, each heat-insulating and shading panel can be driven to rotate around the pivot that is rotatably connected to the mounting plate on the arched connecting pipe, so that the lower end of the upper heat-insulating and shading panel moves away from the outer side of the lower heat-insulating and shading panel, thereby forming multiple ventilation openings between multiple adjacent heat-insulating and shading panels, facilitating ventilation inside the greenhouse. The ventilation efficiency is high and the ventilation effect is good. By controlling the rotation angle of each heat-insulating and shading panel, the size of the ventilation openings can be adjusted, thus meeting different ventilation needs.

[0021] A further feature of the present invention is that each arched connecting pipe is provided with a rotary drive mechanism at a position opposite to the middle of the heat insulation and light-shielding plate, for driving each heat insulation and light-shielding plate to rotate around the rotating shaft that is rotatably connected to the mounting plate.

[0022] By adopting the above technical solution, the rotary drive mechanism is used to automatically drive each heat insulation and light-shielding plate to rotate around the pivot connecting it to the mounting plate, without the need for manual operation, which is highly efficient and reduces the intensity of manual labor.

[0023] A further configuration of the present invention is as follows: the rotary drive mechanism includes a drive shaft that passes through and is rotatably connected to the arched connecting pipe; one end of the drive shaft extends from one side of the arched connecting pipe and is fixedly connected to a drive cam outside the arched connecting pipe; the other end of the drive shaft extends from the other side of the arched connecting pipe and is connected to a spring outside the arched connecting pipe; the spring is sleeved on the end of the drive shaft; one end of the spring is fixed to the drive shaft; the other end of the spring is fixed to the outer wall of the arched connecting pipe; and a drive blade parallel to the cross-section of the arched connecting pipe is provided on the outer wall of the drive shaft located inside the arched connecting pipe.

[0024] By adopting the above technical solution, when it is necessary to drive each heat-insulating and light-shielding plate to rotate around the pivot connecting it to the mounting plate, the water supply pipes and drainage pipes continuously input circulating water of the set temperature into the internal cavity of the frame formed by the horizontal support pipes and the arched connecting pipes according to the temperature control requirements inside the greenhouse. The circulating water impacts the drive blades during its flow, and the drive blades drive the pivot to rotate a certain angle against the spring force under the impact of the water flow. When the pivot rotates, it drives the drive cam, which is fixedly connected to one end of the pivot extending from one side of the arched connecting pipe, to rotate. When the drive cam rotates, it gradually squeezes the heat-insulating and light-shielding plate opposite to it, causing the heat-insulating and light-shielding plate to rotate around the pivot connecting it to the mounting plate. When the spring force is equal to the water flow impact force, the drive blades and the pivot stop rotating. At this time, each heat-insulating and light-shielding plate has rotated a certain angle and formed a ventilation opening of a certain size. When it is necessary to adjust the size of the ventilation opening, it is only necessary to increase or decrease the water flow speed. The adjustment process is simple and convenient to operate. Moreover, the temperature inside the greenhouse can be adjusted at the same time as the ventilation, without the need for additional power, which effectively saves costs.

[0025] A further feature of the present invention is that the heat-insulating and light-shielding board includes an outer frame and a heat-insulating and light-shielding film laid on the outer frame.

[0026] By adopting the above technical solution, the outer frame is used to support and fix the heat insulation and light-blocking film. After the outer frame is rotatably connected to the rotating shaft, the heat insulation and light-blocking film can rotate with the outer frame to realize the adjustment of different angles of the heat insulation and light-blocking film. Therefore, the ventilation opening can be quickly switched to open or close. It is not only simple in structure and easy to process, but also low in cost and easy to maintain and replace.

[0027] A further feature of the present invention is that the bottom of the outer frame of the upper heat-insulating and light-shielding plate is provided with two side frames, and magnets that can attract each other are respectively provided at positions opposite to the top of the outer frame of the lower heat-insulating and light-shielding plate.

[0028] By adopting the above technical solution, the magnet is used to ensure that when the vent is closed, the lower end of the outer frame of the upper heat insulation and light-shielding plate and the outer frame of the lower heat insulation and light-shielding plate overlap and attract each other, thus preventing the heat insulation and light-shielding plate from rotating on its own due to external force vibration or wind vibration, which would cause the vent to open and cause the temperature inside the greenhouse to drop. The magnet greatly improves the reliability of the device.

[0029] A further feature of the present invention is that the magnets are respectively embedded in the outer frame of each heat-insulating and light-shielding plate.

[0030] By adopting the above technical solution, magnets are embedded in the outer frame of each heat insulation and light-shielding plate, so that when the magnets attract each other, the lower end of the upper heat insulation and light-shielding plate and the outer frame of the lower heat insulation and light-shielding plate can be tightly attached to each other, effectively ensuring the sealing state between adjacent heat insulation and light-shielding plates when the vent is closed, thereby effectively ensuring the heat insulation effect inside the shed when the vent is closed.

[0031] A further feature of the present invention is that the heat-insulating and light-shielding film is pasted on the outer side of the outer frame, a water storage tank is provided on the upper surface of the bottom edge of the outer frame, a through hole is provided on one side of the water storage tank, and a floating plate is provided in the water storage tank for opening or closing the through hole, and the floating plate can slide up and down along the water storage tank.

[0032] By adopting the above technical solution, since the heat-insulating and light-blocking film is pasted on the outer side of the outer frame, when the lower end of the outer frame of the upper heat-insulating and light-blocking plate overlaps with the outer frame of the lower heat-insulating and light-blocking plate, there is a certain gap between the heat-insulating and light-blocking film of the upper heat-insulating and light-blocking plate and the heat-insulating and light-blocking plate of the lower heat-insulating and light-blocking plate. Furthermore, because the arched connecting pipe has an arched structure, each heat-insulating and light-blocking plate is arc-shaped. Therefore, water droplets condensed from water vapor in the air inside the greenhouse on the inner wall of the greenhouse will slide along the inner wall of each heat-insulating and light-blocking plate and flow into the adjacent upper and lower heat-insulating and light-blocking plates. The gaps between the boards allow water to fall into the water storage tank, effectively preventing water droplets from dripping onto the planting bed and causing the soil to become too wet or dripping onto the fungi and causing them to rot. In addition, because the floating boards block the through holes, the water in the storage tank will not drain out. When the water level in the storage tank rises, the floating boards will float up. When the floating boards rise above the through holes, the through holes are opened, and the water in the storage tank drains out quickly. During the drainage process, the through holes are blocked by the water flow. Throughout the entire process, there is no heat exchange between the inside and outside of the greenhouse through the through holes, which would affect the heat preservation effect.

[0033] A further feature of the present invention is that a water receiving trough is provided below the bottommost heat-insulating and light-shielding plate, the water receiving trough is horizontally arranged and fixedly connected to each arched connecting pipe, and a drain hole is provided on one side of the water receiving trough.

[0034] By adopting the above technical solution, the water receiving trough located below the bottom heat-insulating and light-shading board is used to collect rainwater dripping from the outer wall of each heat-insulating and light-shading board and water droplets condensing on the inner wall of the bottom heat-insulating and light-shading board. The water receiving trough can drain the water in time through the drainage hole, avoiding excess water from seeping into the greenhouse and causing excessive humidity inside the greenhouse.

[0035] The beneficial effects of this invention are:

[0036] 1. This invention, by placing the cultivation bed underground, can make full use of the damp and dark underground environment, which is conducive to mycelial cultivation. Moreover, the underground environment is easier to keep warm and moist, greatly reducing the difficulty and cost of artificially controlling temperature and humidity. In addition, the underground cultivation bed makes full use of the height difference between the underground and the ground, greatly reducing the vertical height requirement of the arched mushroom shed. This not only effectively saves the manufacturing cost of the mushroom shed, but also makes it less susceptible to wind and snow attacks in severe weather, thereby effectively enhancing the ability of the arched mushroom shed to resist natural disasters such as blizzards. This not only effectively increases the service life of the arched mushroom shed, but also greatly reduces the unexpected risks in the cultivation process, effectively ensuring the yield of morel mushroom cultivation.

[0037] 2. In this invention, the arched mushroom shed isolates the inner cavity of the frame from the outside through a heat-insulating and light-shading device and an arched light-shading curtain, thus forming a sealed planting space inside the shed. When it is necessary to regulate the temperature inside the shed, the water supply pipe and the drainage pipe are controlled to continuously input circulating water into the inner cavity of the frame formed by the horizontal support pipes and the arched connecting pipes. During the continuous circulation of the circulating water, the temperature of each part of the shed is continuously regulated, resulting in good temperature regulation uniformity and high temperature regulation efficiency.

[0038] 3. In this invention, the heat-insulating and light-shading device uses heat-insulating and light-shading panels to shade and insulate the planting space inside the greenhouse. Under natural conditions, each heat-insulating and light-shading panel hangs down naturally under its own weight, with the lower end of the upper heat-insulating and light-shading panel automatically overlapping the outer side of the lower heat-insulating and light-shading panel, thus forming a sealed space inside the greenhouse that is isolated from the external environment and preventing heat exchange between the inside and outside of the greenhouse, thereby achieving the effect of heat preservation. When ventilation is required inside the greenhouse, each heat-insulating and light-shading panel can be driven to rotate around the pivot that is rotatably connected to the mounting plate on the arched connecting pipe, so that the lower end of the upper heat-insulating and light-shading panel moves away from the outer side of the lower heat-insulating and light-shading panel, thereby forming multiple ventilation openings between multiple adjacent heat-insulating and light-shading panels, which facilitates ventilation inside the greenhouse, has high ventilation efficiency, and good ventilation effect. By controlling the rotation angle of each heat-insulating and light-shading panel, the size of the ventilation openings can be adjusted, thus meeting different ventilation needs.

[0039] 4. When it is necessary to drive each heat-insulating and light-shielding panel to rotate around the pivot connecting it to the mounting plate, the water supply and drainage pipes are controlled to continuously input circulating water at the set temperature into the internal cavity of the frame formed by the horizontal support pipes and the arched connecting pipes, according to the temperature control requirements inside the greenhouse. The circulating water impacts the drive blades during its flow, and the drive blades, under the impact of the water flow, drive the pivot to rotate by a certain angle against the spring force. When the pivot rotates, it drives the drive cam, which is fixedly connected to one end of the pivot extending from one side of the arched connecting pipe, to rotate. When the drive cam rotates, it gradually squeezes the heat-insulating and light-shielding panel opposite it, causing the heat-insulating and light-shielding panel to rotate around the pivot connecting it to the mounting plate. When the spring force and the water flow impact force are equal, the drive blades and pivot stop rotating. At this time, each heat-insulating and light-shielding panel has rotated a certain angle and formed a ventilation opening of a certain size. When it is necessary to adjust the size of the ventilation opening, it is only necessary to increase or decrease the water flow speed. The adjustment process is simple and convenient to operate. Moreover, the temperature inside the greenhouse can be adjusted at the same time as the ventilation, without the need for additional power, which effectively saves costs.

[0040] 5. The heat-insulating and light-shielding plate of the present invention includes an outer frame and a heat-insulating and light-shielding film laid on the outer frame. The outer frame is used to support and fix the heat-insulating and light-shielding film. After the outer frame is rotatably connected to the rotating shaft, the heat-insulating and light-shielding film can rotate with the outer frame to realize the adjustment of different angles of the heat-insulating and light-shielding film. Therefore, the ventilation opening can be quickly switched to open or close. It is not only simple in structure and easy to process, but also low in cost and easy to maintain and replace.

[0041] 6. In this invention, the heat-insulating and light-blocking film in the heat-insulating and light-blocking panel is pasted on the outer side of the outer frame. When the lower end of the outer frame of the upper heat-insulating and light-blocking panel overlaps with the outer frame of the lower heat-insulating and light-blocking panel, there is a certain gap between the heat-insulating and light-blocking film of the upper heat-insulating and light-blocking panel and the heat-insulating and light-blocking panel of the lower heat-insulating and light-blocking panel. Since the arched connecting pipe has an arched structure, each heat-insulating and light-blocking panel is arc-shaped. Therefore, water droplets condensed by water vapor in the air inside the greenhouse on the inner wall of the greenhouse will slide along the inner wall of each heat-insulating and light-blocking panel and flow into the adjacent upper and lower heat-insulating and light-blocking panels. The water drips into the water storage tank through the gaps between the water droplets, effectively preventing the soil from becoming too wet or the fungi from rotting if water drips onto the planting bed. In addition, because the floating plate blocks the through hole, the water in the storage tank will not drain out. When the water level in the storage tank rises, the floating plate will float up. When the floating plate rises above the through hole, the through hole is opened, and the water in the storage tank drains out quickly. During the drainage process, the through hole is blocked by the water flow. Throughout the entire process, there is no heat exchange between the inside and outside of the greenhouse through the through hole, which would affect the heat preservation effect. Attached Figure Description

[0042] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention, the accompanying drawings used in the description of the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the accompanying drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0043] Figure 1 This is a cross-sectional structural schematic diagram of the cultivation device for a morel mushroom cultivation method according to the present invention.

[0044] Figure 2 yes Figure 1 A magnified view of part A in the diagram.

[0045] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the installation structure of the rotary drive mechanism in the cultivation device of the morel mushroom cultivation method of the present invention.

[0046] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the cultivation device of the morel mushroom cultivation method of the present invention, in which the rotary drive mechanism is located inside the arched connecting pipe.

[0047] Figure 5 yes Figure 1 A magnified view of part B in the diagram.

[0048] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the heat-insulating and light-shielding plate in the cultivation device of the morel mushroom cultivation method of the present invention.

[0049] Figure 7 This is a schematic cross-sectional view of the bottom of the heat-insulating and light-shielding plate in the cultivation device of the morel mushroom cultivation method of the present invention.

[0050] In the diagram, 1. Underground cultivation bed; 2. Arched mushroom shed; 21. Frame; 211. Horizontal support pipe; 212. Arched connecting pipe; 22. Heat insulation and light shading device; 221. Heat insulation and light shading board; 2211. Outer frame; 2212. Heat insulation and light shading film; 2213. Magnet; 2214. Water storage tank; 2215. Through hole; 2216. Floating plate; 222. Rotating shaft; 223. Mounting plate; 224. Water receiving trough; 225. Drainage hole; 23. Arched light shading curtain; 24. Rotary drive mechanism; 241. Drive shaft; 242. Drive cam; 243. Spring; 244. Drive blade; 3. Irrigation and drainage ditch. Detailed Implementation

[0051] The technical solution of the present invention will now be clearly and completely described with reference to specific embodiments. Obviously, the described embodiments are merely some, not all, of the embodiments of the present invention. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the present invention without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0052] A method for cultivating morel mushrooms, characterized by the following steps:

[0053] S1. Construct underground cultivation bed 1: Dig 0.8-1.2m down from the ground to make underground cultivation bed 1. Underground cultivation bed 1 is 50m long and 8m wide.

[0054] S2. Constructing the mushroom shed: Build an arched mushroom shed 2 1m above ground level on the underground cultivation bed 1 (e.g., Figure 1 (as shown);

[0055] S3, Drainage and irrigation ditch 3: Dig drainage and irrigation ditch 3 with a width of 40-50cm and a depth of 30cm around the bottom of the underground cultivation bed 1;

[0056] S4. Sowing: Control the temperature inside the greenhouse to 18-20℃, and the soil moisture of underground cultivation bed 1 to 50-70%. Break the morel mushroom spawn into walnut-sized pieces and sow them evenly on underground cultivation bed 1. The amount of spawn per greenhouse is 250-300 kg.

[0057] S5. Mycelial Management: During the mycelial growth period, regulate the temperature inside the greenhouse and maintain it at 20-28℃, and keep the air humidity at 75%-85%;

[0058] S6. Inducing mushroom growth: When the mycelium reaches the nutrient bag, control the soil temperature to 8-12℃ and replenish water to induce mushroom growth.

[0059] S7. Mushroom cultivation and harvesting: When small white spots appear in the soil, increase the soil and air humidity and oxygen levels, and maintain ventilation. After 3-5 days, when small mushroom buds form, gradually increase the light exposure until the caps of the fruiting bodies grow to about 5-7 cm, at which point they can be harvested.

[0060] like Figures 1-7As shown, a cultivation device for morel mushroom cultivation is characterized by: an arched mushroom shed 2, the arched mushroom shed 2 including a frame 21, the frame 21 including two horizontal support pipes 211 parallel to the length direction of the underground cultivation bed 1 and of the same length as the underground cultivation bed 1, the two horizontal support pipes 211 being connected by multiple equally spaced and parallel arched connecting pipes 212, each horizontal support pipe 211 and arched connecting pipe 212 being interconnected, the two horizontal support pipes 211 being connected to a water supply pipe and a drainage pipe respectively, adjacent arched connecting pipes 212 being connected by a heat preservation and light-shielding device 22, and arched light-shielding curtains 23 being fixedly provided on the arched connecting pipes 212 at both ends of the axial direction of the frame 21.

[0061] Furthermore, the heat insulation and light-shielding device 22 includes multiple heat insulation and light-shielding plates 221. The upper end of each heat insulation and light-shielding plate 221 is rotatably connected to the mounting plate 223 on the arched connecting pipe 212 via a rotating shaft 222. The lower end of the upper heat insulation and light-shielding plate 221 overlaps the outer side of the upper end of the lower heat insulation and light-shielding plate 221.

[0062] Furthermore, each arched connecting pipe 212 is provided with a rotation drive mechanism 24 at a position opposite to the middle of the heat insulation and light-shielding plate 221, which is used to drive each heat insulation and light-shielding plate 221 to rotate around the rotating shaft 222 that is rotatably connected to the mounting plate 223.

[0063] Furthermore, the rotary drive mechanism 24 includes a drive shaft 241 that passes through and is rotatably connected to the arched connecting pipe 212. One end of the drive shaft 241 extends from one side of the arched connecting pipe 212 and is fixedly connected to a drive cam 242 outside the arched connecting pipe 212. The other end of the drive shaft 241 extends from the other side of the arched connecting pipe 212 and is connected to a spring 243 outside the arched connecting pipe 212. The spring 243 is sleeved on the end of the drive shaft 241. One end of the spring 243 is fixed to the drive shaft 241, and the other end of the spring 243 is fixed to the outer wall of the arched connecting pipe 212. A drive blade 244 parallel to the cross-section of the arched connecting pipe 212 is provided on the outer wall of the drive shaft 241 located inside the arched connecting pipe 212.

[0064] Furthermore, the heat-insulating and light-shielding plate 221 includes an outer frame 2211 and a heat-insulating and light-shielding film 2212 laid on the outer frame 2211.

[0065] Furthermore, the bottom of the outer frame 2211 of the upper heat insulation and light-shielding plate 221 is provided with two side frames, and magnets 2213 that can attract each other are respectively provided at the position opposite to the top of the outer frame 2211 of the lower heat insulation and light-shielding plate 221.

[0066] Furthermore, the magnets 2213 are respectively embedded in the outer frame 2211 of each heat insulation and light-shielding plate 221.

[0067] Furthermore, the heat-insulating and light-shielding film 2212 is pasted on the outer side of the outer frame 2211. A water storage tank 2214 is provided on the upper surface of the bottom edge of the outer frame 2211. A through hole 2215 is provided on one side of the water storage tank 2214. A float plate 2216 for opening or closing the through hole 2215 is also provided in the water storage tank 2214. The float plate 2216 can slide up and down along the water storage tank 2214.

[0068] Furthermore, a water receiving trough 224 is provided below the bottommost heat-insulating and light-shielding plate 221. The water receiving trough 224 is horizontally arranged and fixedly connected to each arched connecting pipe 212. A drain hole 225 is provided on one side of the water receiving trough 224.

[0069] The working principle of a morel mushroom cultivation device in this invention is as follows: The heat preservation and light-shading device 22 and the arched light-shading curtain 23 in the arched mushroom shed 2 isolate the inner cavity of the frame 21 from the outside, so that the inner cavity of the frame 21 forms a closed planting space. When it is necessary to adjust the temperature inside the shed, the water supply pipe and the drainage pipe are controlled to continuously input circulating water into the inner cavity of the frame 21 formed by the horizontal support pipes 211 and the arched connecting pipes 212. During the continuous circulation of the circulating water, the temperature of each part of the shed is continuously adjusted. The temperature adjustment is uniform and the temperature adjustment efficiency is high.

[0070] The heat-insulating and light-shading device 22 uses heat-insulating and light-shading plates 221 to shade and insulate the planting space inside the greenhouse. Under natural conditions, each heat-insulating and light-shading plate 221 hangs down naturally under its own weight. The lower end of the upper heat-insulating and light-shading plate 221 automatically overlaps the outer side of the lower heat-insulating and light-shading plate 221, creating a sealed space inside the greenhouse that is isolated from the external environment, preventing heat exchange between the inside and outside of the greenhouse, thus achieving the effect of heat preservation. When ventilation is required inside the greenhouse, the water supply pipes and drainage pipes are controlled to continuously input circulating water at the set temperature into the inner cavity of the frame 21 formed by the horizontal support pipes 211 and the arched connecting pipes 212 according to the temperature control requirements inside the greenhouse. During the flow of the circulating water, the driving blades 244 are impacted. Under the impact of the water flow, the driving blades 244 drive the rotating shaft 222 to rotate at a certain angle against the spring force. When the rotating shaft 222 rotates, it drives the end of the shaft that extends from one side of the arched connecting pipe 212 to rotate. The drive cam 242 rotates, gradually squeezing the heat-insulating and light-shielding plate 221 opposite it. This causes the heat-insulating and light-shielding plate 221 to rotate around the shaft 222 connected to the mounting plate. When the spring force equals the water flow impact force, the drive blade 244 and the shaft 222 stop rotating. At this time, each heat-insulating and light-shielding plate 221 rotates a certain angle and forms a ventilation opening of a certain size. When it is necessary to adjust the size of the ventilation opening, it is only necessary to increase or decrease the water flow speed. The adjustment process is simple and easy to operate. Moreover, the temperature inside the greenhouse can be adjusted at the same time as the ventilation. No additional power is required, which effectively saves costs. Multiple ventilation openings are formed between multiple adjacent heat-insulating and light-shielding plates 221, which facilitates ventilation inside the greenhouse. The ventilation efficiency is high and the ventilation effect is good. By controlling the rotation angle of each heat-insulating and light-shielding plate 221, the size of the ventilation opening can be adjusted, thus meeting different ventilation needs.

[0071] The heat-insulating and light-shielding plate 221 includes an outer frame 2211 and a heat-insulating and light-shielding film 2212 laid on the outer frame 2211. The outer frame 2211 is used to support and fix the heat-insulating and light-shielding film 2212. After the outer frame 2211 is rotatably connected to the rotating shaft 222, the heat-insulating and light-shielding film 2212 can rotate with the outer frame 2211 to adjust the different angles of the heat-insulating and light-shielding film 2212. Therefore, it realizes the quick switching of opening or closing the vent. It is not only simple in structure and easy to process, but also low in cost and easy to maintain and replace. The magnet is used to ensure that when the vent is closed, the lower end of the outer frame 2211 of the upper heat-insulating and light-shielding plate 221 and the outer frame 2211 of the lower heat-insulating and light-shielding plate 221 attract each other when they are stacked. This prevents the heat-insulating and light-shielding plate 221 from rotating on its own due to external force vibration or wind vibration, which would cause the vent to open and cause the temperature inside the greenhouse to drop. The magnet greatly improves the reliability of the device.

[0072] Because the heat-insulating and light-blocking film 2212 is pasted on the outer side of the outer frame 2211, when the lower end of the outer frame 2211 of the upper heat-insulating and light-blocking plate 221 overlaps with the outer frame 2211 of the lower heat-insulating and light-blocking plate 221, there is a certain gap between the heat-insulating and light-blocking film 2212 of the upper heat-insulating and light-blocking plate 221 and the lower heat-insulating and light-blocking plate 221. Furthermore, because the arched connecting pipe 212 has an arched structure, each heat-insulating and light-blocking plate 221 is arc-shaped. Therefore, water droplets condensed from water vapor in the air inside the greenhouse on the inner wall of the greenhouse will slide along the inner wall of each heat-insulating and light-blocking plate 221 and flow into the gap between adjacent upper and lower heat-insulating and light-blocking plates 221. The water drips into the water storage tank 2214, effectively preventing water droplets from falling onto the planting bed and causing the soil to become too wet or from dripping onto the fungi and causing them to rot. In addition, since the floating plate 2216 blocks the through hole 2215, the water in the water storage tank 2214 will not drain out. When the water level in the water storage tank 2214 rises, the floating plate 2216 will float up. When the floating plate 2216 floats up to be higher than the through hole 2215, the through hole 2215 is opened, and the water in the water storage tank 2214 drains out quickly. During the drainage process, the through hole 2215 is blocked by the water flow. Throughout the entire process, there is no heat exchange between the inside and outside of the greenhouse through the through hole 2215, which would affect the heat preservation effect.

[0073] The water receiving trough 224 located below the bottom heat-insulating and light-shielding plate 221 is used to collect rainwater dripping from the outer wall of each heat-insulating and light-shielding plate 221 and water droplets condensing on the inner wall of the bottom heat-insulating and light-shielding plate 221. The water receiving trough 224 can drain water in time through the drainage hole 225 to prevent excess water from seeping into the greenhouse and causing excessive humidity inside the greenhouse.

Claims

1. A morel mushroom cultivation device, characterized in that: The system includes an arched mushroom shed (2), which includes a frame (21). The frame (21) includes two horizontal support pipes (211) that are parallel to the length of the underground cultivation bed (1) and are the same length as the underground cultivation bed (1). The two horizontal support pipes (211) are connected by multiple equally spaced and parallel arched connecting pipes (212). Each horizontal support pipe (211) and the arched connecting pipe (212) are interconnected. The two horizontal support pipes (211) are connected to the water supply pipe and the drainage pipe, respectively. Adjacent arched connecting pipes (212) are connected by a heat insulation and light-shielding device (22). Arched light-shielding curtains (23) are fixed on the arched connecting pipes (212) at both ends of the frame (21). The heat insulation and light-shielding device (22) includes multiple heat insulation and light-shielding plates (221). The upper end of each heat insulation and light-shielding plate (221) is rotatably connected to the mounting plate (223) on the arched connecting pipe (212) via a rotating shaft (222). The lower end of the upper heat insulation and light-shielding plate (221) overlaps the outer side of the upper end of the lower heat insulation and light-shielding plate (221). Each arched connecting pipe (212) and the heat insulation and light-shielding plate (221) are respectively provided with a rotation drive mechanism (24) for driving each heat insulation and light-shielding plate (221) to rotate around the rotating shaft (222) that is rotatably connected to the mounting plate (223). The rotary drive mechanism (24) includes a drive shaft (241) that passes through and is rotatably connected to the arched connecting pipe (212). One end of the drive shaft (241) extends from one side of the arched connecting pipe (212) and is fixedly connected to a drive cam (242) outside the arched connecting pipe (212). The other end of the drive shaft (241) extends from the other side of the arched connecting pipe (212) and is connected to a spring (243) outside the arched connecting pipe (212). The spring (243) is sleeved on the end of the drive shaft (241). One end of the spring (243) is fixed on the drive shaft (241), and the other end of the spring (243) is fixed on the outer wall of the arched connecting pipe (212). A drive blade (244) parallel to the cross section of the arched connecting pipe (212) is provided on the outer wall of the drive shaft (241) inside the arched connecting pipe (212).

2. The morel mushroom cultivation device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The heat-insulating and light-shielding panel (221) includes an outer frame (2211) and a heat-insulating and light-shielding film (2212) laid on the outer frame (2211).

3. The morel mushroom cultivation device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The bottom of the outer frame (2211) of the upper heat insulation and light-shielding plate (221) is provided with two side frames and the top of the outer frame (2211) of the lower heat insulation and light-shielding plate (221) is provided with magnets (2213) that can attract each other.

4. The morel mushroom cultivation device according to claim 3, characterized in that: The magnets (2213) are respectively embedded in the outer frame (2211) of each heat insulation and light-shielding plate (221).

5. The morel mushroom cultivation device according to claim 4, characterized in that: The heat-insulating and light-shielding film (2212) is pasted on the outer side of the outer frame (2211). The bottom edge of the outer frame (2211) is provided with a water storage tank (2214). A through hole (2215) is provided on one side of the water storage tank (2214). A float plate (2216) is also provided in the water storage tank (2214) for opening or closing the through hole (2215). The float plate (2216) can slide up and down along the water storage tank (2214).

6. The morel mushroom cultivation device according to claim 5, characterized in that: A water receiving trough (224) is provided below the bottom heat-insulating and light-shielding plate (221). The water receiving trough (224) is horizontally set and fixedly connected to each arched connecting pipe (212). A drain hole (225) is provided on one side of the water receiving trough (224).

7. A morel mushroom cultivation device according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that, It also includes its cultivation method, which includes the following steps: S1. Construct an underground cultivation bed (1): Dig 0.8~1.2m down from the ground to make an underground cultivation bed (1). The underground cultivation bed (1) is 50m long and 8m wide. S2. Building a mushroom shed: Construct an arched mushroom shed (2) 1m above the ground on the underground cultivation bed (1). S3, Drainage and irrigation ditch (3): Dig drainage and irrigation ditch (3) 40-50cm wide and 30cm deep around the bottom of the underground cultivation bed (1); S4. Sowing: Control the temperature inside the greenhouse to 18~20℃, and the soil moisture of the underground cultivation bed (1) to 50~70%. Break the morel mushroom spawn into walnut-sized pieces and sow them evenly on the underground cultivation bed (1). The amount of spawn per greenhouse is 250~300kg. S5. Mycelial Management: During the mycelial growth period, regulate the temperature inside the greenhouse and maintain it at 20~28℃, and keep the air humidity at 75%~85%; S6. Inducing mushroom growth: When the mycelium reaches the nutrient bag, control the soil temperature to 8-12℃ and replenish water to induce mushroom growth. S7. Mushroom cultivation and harvesting: When small white spots appear in the soil, increase the soil and air humidity and oxygen levels, and maintain ventilation. After 3-5 days, when small mushroom buds form, gradually increase the light exposure until the caps of the fruiting bodies grow to about 5-7cm, at which point they can be harvested.

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