Multi-channel optical fiber array and multi-layer array waveguide grating coupling structure and optical module

Abstract

The present invention discloses a multi-channel optical fiber array and multi-layer arrayed waveguide grating coupling structure and an optical module, comprising a first clamping component and a second clamping component, the first clamping component is connected to a plurality of optical fibers spaced along the X-axis, each optical fiber is extended and arranged along the Y-axis, the second clamping component is connected to a plurality of arrayed waveguide gratings spaced along the X-axis, each arrayed waveguide grating is extended and arranged along the Y-axis, the optical fiber and the arrayed waveguide grating are arranged in a one-to-one coaxial mapping, each arrayed waveguide grating is a right-angled trapezoid, and the inclined surfaces of any two arrayed waveguide gratings are located in the same plane. The present invention combines wavelength division multiplexing technology and multi-channel parallel transmission technology, and the designed structural components are applied in optical modules to transmit larger capacity signals and improve the transmission rate of optical modules.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to a multi-channel optical fiber array and a multi-layer arrayed waveguide grating coupling structure, belonging to the technical field of optical modules, and in particular to a multi-channel optical fiber array and a multi-layer arrayed waveguide grating coupling structure and an optical module. Background Art

[0002] With the rapid development of big data and artificial intelligence (AI), the demand for data flow is growing, and the transmission rate of optical modules is also increasing. At present, the transmission rate of optical modules has reached 800Gbps, but in order to meet the higher demands of data centers, cloud computing and other fields in the future, major manufacturers are still exploring optical module technologies with higher transmission rates. Technologies to improve the data transmission rate of optical modules mainly include wavelength division multiplexing technology and multi-channel parallel transmission technology.

[0003] Wavelength division multiplexing technology uses the wavelength characteristics of light to transmit signals of different wavelengths simultaneously on a single optical fiber. In the optical module, the laser converts the electrical signal into an optical signal, and then the optical signals of each wavelength are combined into a single optical fiber for transmission through a combiner. The receiving end separates the different wavelengths to increase the data transmission capacity and data transmission rate. However, wavelength division multiplexing technology has some defects, such as the need for high-precision light sources and optical filters, which are expensive; high requirements for light source stability and wavelength maintenance; and crosstalk and dispersion problems between channels.

[0004] Another technology to increase the transmission rate is multi-channel parallel transmission. This technology uses multiple channels to transmit data simultaneously, thereby increasing the transmission bandwidth and speed. The optical wavelength signal emitted by the optical module is divided into different channels by a splitter and transmitted simultaneously on multiple optical fibers, thereby increasing the transmission bandwidth. However, multi-channel parallel transmission technology also has some defects, such as the need for more optical fibers and optical transceiver equipment, which increases the complexity and cost of the system; there may be time delay differences and crosstalk problems between parallel channels; and complex signal multiplexing and multiplexing technology is required.

[0005] The existing optical module product design is either a fiber array structure with four or eight parallel transmission channels, or a wavelength division multiplexing transmission structure with four-way splitting or four-way combining. To further improve the transmission rate of the optical module, it is only possible to continuously increase the optical signal power at the transmitting end or the single-channel data transmission baud rate, but this will increase the power consumption of the optical module and is not conducive to improving the data transmission rate of the optical module. Therefore, it is urgent to develop a new optical module structure to more effectively improve the transmission rate of the optical module. Summary of the invention

[0006] The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a multi-channel optical fiber array and multi-layer array waveguide grating coupling structure and an optical module in response to the technical defects existing in the prior art, which combines wavelength division multiplexing technology and multi-path parallel transmission technology. The designed structural components are used in the optical module to transmit larger capacity signals and improve the transmission rate of the optical film.

[0007] The technical solution adopted by the present invention to solve its technical problem is: the present invention discloses a multi-channel optical fiber array and multi-layer arrayed waveguide grating coupling structure, including a first clamping component for fixing the optical fiber array and a second clamping component for fixing the arrayed waveguide grating, the first clamping component is connected to a plurality of optical fibers arranged at intervals along the X-axis, each optical fiber is extended and arranged along the Y-axis, the second clamping component is connected to a plurality of arrayed waveguide gratings arranged at intervals along the X-axis, each arrayed waveguide grating is extended and arranged along the Y-axis, the optical fibers and the arrayed waveguide gratings are arranged in a one-to-one coaxial mapping manner, each arrayed waveguide grating is a right-angled trapezoid, and the inclined surfaces of any two arrayed waveguide gratings are located in the same plane.

[0008] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the first clamping assembly includes a base, a pressure plate and a cover plate, the base is provided with optical fiber installation grooves arranged one-to-one corresponding to the optical fibers of the optical fiber array, and the pressure plate and the cover plate are fixedly connected to the top of the base.

[0009] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the second clamping assembly includes a first side plate, a second side plate, a first fastening cover plate, a second fastening cover plate and a glass plate, the first side plate and the second side plate are arranged at intervals along the Z-axis direction, the glass plate is parallel to the XY plane, and the first fastening cover plate and the second fastening cover plate are covered on the outer sides of the first side plate, the second side plate and the glass plate.

[0010] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the number of the optical fibers is four and the number of the arrayed waveguide gratings is four.

[0011] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, glass plates are fixedly connected to the end faces of the two arrayed waveguide gratings located on the outermost sides in the X-axis direction.

[0012] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the side end face angle of each optical fiber in the optical fiber array is designed to be α corresponding to the input end face angle θ of the arrayed waveguide grating, and the center spacing p of the optical fiber installation groove corresponds to the thickness h of the arrayed waveguide grating.

[0013] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the incident light end face angle θ of the arrayed waveguide grating is

[0014] Get,

[0015] Where R = 3.58%, K is the wave vector phase constant, K = 2π / λ, ω0 is the waist radius of the Gaussian beam, η is the reflectivity of the arrayed waveguide grating end face, n1 is the effective refractive index of the arrayed waveguide grating, and λ is the wavelength.

[0016] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the light output end face angle β of the arrayed waveguide grating is 30°.

[0017] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, when the optical fiber and the arrayed waveguide grating are coupled, the optical fiber fits the input channel surface of the arrayed waveguide grating, and the optical fiber is aligned and coupled with the input port of the arrayed waveguide grating using a three-dimensional adjustment frame.

[0018] The invention also discloses an optical module, comprising a multi-channel optical fiber array and a multi-layer array waveguide grating coupling structure.

[0019] The beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: the present invention combines wavelength division multiplexing technology and multi-channel parallel transmission technology, and can be applied in optical modules to transmit larger capacity signals, thereby improving the transmission rate of optical modules. Specifically, the present invention uses four layers of arrayed waveguide gratings to form a grating array component, and each layer of arrayed waveguide gratings outputs four wavelengths. This four-layer grating array component is coupled with a four-channel optical fiber array, and can simultaneously transmit four channels of four wavelengths, a total of sixteen channels of signal data.

[0020] The present invention adopts a coupling structure of a multi-channel optical fiber array and a multi-layer array waveguide grating. This structure includes: a first clamping component for fixing the optical fiber array and a second clamping component for fixing the array waveguide grating. The first clamping component is connected to a plurality of optical fibers arranged at intervals along the X-axis, and each optical fiber is arranged to extend along the Y-axis. The second clamping component is connected to a plurality of array waveguide gratings arranged at intervals along the X-axis, and each array waveguide grating is arranged to extend along the Y-axis. The optical fibers and the array waveguide gratings are arranged in a one-to-one coaxial mapping manner, each array waveguide grating is a right-angle trapezoid, and the inclined surfaces of any two array waveguide gratings are located in the same plane.

[0021] This structure realizes the precise coupling of the optical fiber array and the multi-layer arrayed waveguide grating, and improves the transmission rate of the optical module through multi-channel parallel transmission. At the same time, the arrayed waveguide grating design can also effectively avoid the crosstalk and dispersion problems existing in wavelength division multiplexing technology. In addition, the present invention also optimizes the design of the coupling details between the optical fiber and the arrayed waveguide grating, such as the angle matching between the optical fiber and the arrayed waveguide grating, the end face reflectivity control, etc., to further improve the coupling efficiency.

[0022] Furthermore, the fiber array channel spacing designed by the present invention is the same as the thickness of the arrayed waveguide grating, so that the efficiency of the optical signal is maximized during coupling. At the same time, the output end face angle of the arrayed waveguide grating designed by the structure of the present invention can make the light output distance meet the assembly distance and installation space of the optical module optical signal receiving end PD and the transmitting end LD at the same time, and the optical transmission component can be directly installed in the optical module to realize its function.

[0023] In general, the multi-channel optical fiber array and multi-layer array waveguide grating coupling structure proposed in the present invention can effectively solve the technical bottleneck of existing optical modules in improving the transmission rate, and provide a feasible solution for the next generation of high-speed optical modules. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0024] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments, in which:

[0025] Figure 1 Product structure packaging diagram of the present invention;

[0026] Figure 2 Structural parts diagram of the product of the present invention;

[0027] Figure 3 Schematic diagram of light path propagation of the product of the present invention;

[0028] Figure 4 Installation diagram of the structure of the present invention in an optical module. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0029] In order to make the purpose, technical solution and advantages of the present invention more clearly understood, the present invention is further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are only used to explain the present invention and are not used to limit the present invention.

[0030] The present invention discloses a multi-channel optical fiber array and a multi-layer arrayed waveguide grating coupling structure and an optical module. Specifically, it discloses an optical transmission device component that can improve the transmission rate of the optical module. The present invention combines a four-core optical fiber array with a multi-layer arrayed waveguide grating to form a total of sixteen transmission channels, which can be used as eight-way transmission and eight-way reception, or as sixteen-way transmission or sixteen-way reception, to solve the problem of limited transmission rate of the optical module. To achieve the above purpose, the present invention combines an optical fiber array with a multi-layer arrayed waveguide grating, and each channel of the optical fiber array is coupled with a layer of arrayed waveguide grating. One signal channel is divided into four wavelengths to carry more data information. The multi-layer arrayed waveguide grating is stacked in sequence and clamped by glass plates on both sides and fixed with glue to form an arrayed waveguide grating array component, and then a three-dimensional coupling adjustment frame is used to simultaneously couple the multi-channel optical signals of the optical fiber array to the input end of the multi-layer arrayed waveguide grating, and finally outputs multi-channel multi-wavelength signals at the output end of the arrayed waveguide grating, so that the optical module can transmit more data signals at the same time, thereby improving the transmission capacity and transmission rate of the optical module.

[0031] Example 1

[0032] The present invention proposes a multi-channel optical fiber array and multi-layer array waveguide grating coupling structure, the core structure of which includes two main components: a first clamping component and a second clamping component.

[0033] The first clamping assembly includes a base 2, a pressure plate 3 and a cover plate 4. The base 2 adopts a novel Z-shaped structural design, on which four optical fiber installation grooves are arranged at intervals along the X-axis, corresponding to the four optical fibers 1 of the optical fiber array. This structure can not only firmly fix the optical fiber array, but also accurately align the optical fiber with the subsequent arrayed waveguide grating.

[0034] It is worth noting that each optical fiber 1 adopts a stepped axis design. This special optical fiber structure can better match the geometric characteristics of the arrayed waveguide grating, thereby improving the coupling efficiency between the optical fiber and the arrayed waveguide grating. Specifically, the side end face angle α of the optical fiber 1 is designed to correspond to the input end face angle θ of the arrayed waveguide grating, achieving precise angle matching between the optical fiber and the arrayed waveguide grating.

[0035] After the optical fiber 1 is fixed on the base 2, the pressing plate 3 and the cover plate 4 are respectively fixed on the top of the base 2 to form a stable optical fiber fixing structure. This structure can not only firmly fix the optical fiber array, but also ensure the high consistency between the optical fiber and the subsequent arrayed waveguide grating through precise structural design.

[0036] The second clamping assembly includes a first side plate 11, a second side plate 13, a first fastening cover plate 5, a second fastening cover plate 6 and a glass plate 12. The first side plate 11 and the second side plate 13 are arranged at intervals along the Z axis to form a clamping cavity. In this clamping cavity, four arrayed waveguide gratings are installed at intervals along the X axis. Each arrayed waveguide grating is a right-angled trapezoidal structure, and the inclined surfaces of any two arrayed waveguide gratings are located in the same plane.

[0037] In order to protect and encapsulate these arrayed waveguide gratings, especially the two outermost ones, the second clamping assembly uses a glass plate 12 as an encapsulation material. The glass plate 12 is parallel to the XY plane and is covered on the outside by the first fastening cover plate 5 and the second fastening cover plate 6. This structure can not only firmly fix the arrayed waveguide grating, but also effectively protect the arrayed waveguide grating, improve the stability of the structure, and is also conducive to the transmission of optical signals.

[0038] The core innovation of the present invention is to precisely align and couple the first clamping assembly and the second clamping assembly together. Specifically, the four optical fibers 1 and the four arrayed waveguide gratings are coupled together in a one-to-one correspondence, thereby achieving effective coupling of optical signals. The four arrayed waveguide gratings are respectively a first arrayed waveguide grating 7, a second arrayed waveguide grating 8, a third arrayed waveguide grating 9, and a fourth arrayed waveguide grating 10. The projections of the first arrayed waveguide grating 7, the second arrayed waveguide grating 8, the third arrayed waveguide grating 9, and the fourth arrayed waveguide grating 10 on the XY plane are all right-angled trapezoids. The lengths of the first arrayed waveguide grating 7, the second arrayed waveguide grating 8, the third arrayed waveguide grating 9, and the fourth arrayed waveguide grating 10 are different. The end face of the first arrayed waveguide grating 7 perpendicular to the X-axial direction corresponds to the shape of the end face of the second arrayed waveguide grating 8 perpendicular to the X-axial direction, the end face of the second arrayed waveguide grating 8 perpendicular to the X-axial direction corresponds to the shape of the end face of the third arrayed waveguide grating 9 perpendicular to the X-axial direction, and the end face of the third arrayed waveguide grating 9 perpendicular to the X-axial direction corresponds to the shape of the end face of the fourth arrayed waveguide grating 10 perpendicular to the X-axial direction. The two end faces corresponding to the above shapes are adjacent and mutually bonded.

[0039] This structural design cleverly combines wavelength division multiplexing technology and multi-channel parallel transmission technology. First, through wavelength division multiplexing technology, each arrayed waveguide grating can output 4 optical signals with different wavelengths. And because the 4 arrayed waveguide gratings are connected in parallel, the entire optical module can simultaneously transmit 16 optical signals with different wavelengths. This greatly increases the transmission capacity of the optical module.

[0040] Secondly, through multi-channel parallel transmission, four optical fibers 1 and four arrayed waveguide gratings are coupled together one by one to achieve multi-channel parallel transmission. This not only further improves the overall transmission rate of the optical module, but also effectively avoids the crosstalk and dispersion problems existing in wavelength division multiplexing technology.

[0041] It is worth mentioning that the present invention also carefully optimizes the coupling details of the optical fiber 1 and the arrayed waveguide grating. First, the center spacing p of the optical fiber installation groove is designed to be consistent with the thickness h of the arrayed waveguide grating, which maximizes the efficiency of the optical signal during coupling.

[0042] Secondly, as mentioned above, the side face angle α of the optical fiber 1 is designed to correspond to the input face angle θ of the arrayed waveguide grating, thereby achieving precise angle matching between the optical fiber and the arrayed waveguide grating. This precise angle matching can not only maximize the coupling efficiency, but also help reduce the loss of the optical signal during the coupling process.

[0043] The present invention also carefully optimizes the output end face angle β of the arrayed waveguide grating. β is designed to be 30°, which allows the light output distance to simultaneously meet the assembly distance requirements of the optical module optical signal receiving end PD and the transmitting end LD, greatly simplifying the overall structure and installation space of the optical module.

[0044] In summary, the multi-channel optical fiber array and multi-layer arrayed waveguide grating coupling structure proposed in the present invention, through careful design and optimization, fully utilizes the advantages of wavelength division multiplexing technology and multi-channel parallel transmission technology, and realizes a significant increase in the transmission rate of the optical module. Among them, the Z-shaped structural design of the first clamping component and the stepped shaft structure of the optical fiber 1; the composite structural design of the second clamping component, and the optimized parameters of the arrayed waveguide grating are all core innovations of the present invention.

[0045] Example 2

[0046] In this embodiment, glass plates 12 are fixedly connected to the end faces of the two arrayed waveguide gratings located on the outermost sides in the X-axis direction. This structural design brings the following technical effects:

[0047] First, the present invention adopts a stacked structure of four layers of arrayed waveguide gratings. During assembly, the four layers of gratings are pressed up and down by tools, and then a glass plate 12 is bonded on both sides to fix the entire structure into a whole.

[0048] The advantage of this design is that it can ensure that the distance between the four layers of arrayed waveguide gratings remains highly consistent. If glue is used alone to bond the grating layers, it is difficult to accurately control the thickness of the glue layer, which can easily cause uneven distances between layers. This unevenness will reduce the coupling efficiency between the fiber array and the arrayed waveguide grating.

[0049] The present invention can not only fix the entire arrayed waveguide grating structure, but also accurately control the spacing between each layer of grating by bonding the glass plate 12 on the outermost side. This not only improves the stability of the structure, but also ensures efficient coupling between the optical fiber and the arrayed waveguide grating. In addition, the glass plate 12 can also play a protective role. As a core optical component, the arrayed waveguide grating is very susceptible to damage due to the influence of the external environment. The addition of the glass plate 12 can effectively isolate the arrayed waveguide grating from the external environment and improve the reliability of the entire optical transmission system.

[0050] The present invention further optimizes the arrayed waveguide grating structure design of the present invention by installing glass plates 12 on both sides, which not only ensures that the spacing between the grating layers is accurate and consistent, improves the fiber-grating coupling efficiency, but also enhances the stability and reliability of the entire optical transmission system.

[0051] Compared with Example 1, Example 2 further improves the performance indicators of the present invention by further optimizing the arrayed waveguide grating structure while retaining the core structural features such as the multi-channel optical fiber array and the multi-layer arrayed waveguide grating.

[0052] Example 3

[0053] In this embodiment, the side face angle α of each optical fiber 1 in the optical fiber array is designed to correspond to the input face angle θ of the arrayed waveguide grating. At the same time, the center spacing p of the optical fiber installation grooves is also consistent with the thickness h of the arrayed waveguide grating.

[0054] The purpose of this design is to achieve precise angle matching and spacing matching between the optical fiber and the arrayed waveguide grating, thereby maximizing the coupling efficiency of the optical signal.

[0055] Specifically, the side end face angle α of the optical fiber 1 is completely consistent with the input end face angle θ of the arrayed waveguide grating. This angle matching is not only conducive to reducing the loss of optical signals during the coupling process, but also helps to improve the coupling efficiency of optical signals.

[0056] At the same time, the center spacing p of the optical fiber installation groove is also designed to be consistent with the arrayed waveguide grating thickness h. In this way, the optical fiber 1 and the arrayed waveguide grating can also achieve precise correspondence in spatial position, thereby ensuring efficient transmission of optical signals during the coupling process.

[0057] In addition, the present invention also optimizes the wavelength channel spacing (Output Waveguide Pitch) of the arrayed waveguide grating. This spacing is designed to be x, and different spacing designs will affect the crosstalk and insertion loss between grating wavelengths.

[0058] It is worth noting that the present invention also requires that the input end faces of the four-layer arrayed waveguide gratings be flush and the output end faces are also flush. This design can further ensure the high consistency between the arrayed waveguide gratings and avoid the reduction of coupling efficiency caused by uneven height.

[0059] In general, while retaining the core structural features of Examples 1 and 2, Example 3 performs a more precise optimization design for the coupling details of the optical fiber-arrayed waveguide grating. Through angle matching, spacing matching, and optimization of wavelength channel spacing, the present invention further improves the transmission efficiency of optical signals during the coupling process.

[0060] This optimized design not only helps to improve the transmission rate of the entire optical module, but also enhances the stability and reliability of the system.

[0061] Example 4

[0062] The present invention adopts the following manufacturing process to manufacture an arrayed waveguide grating. Specifically, a layer of silicon dioxide film is first deposited on a glass substrate or a silicon substrate. Then, an input waveguide, a middle Rowland circle grating and an output waveguide are manufactured on the silicon dioxide film by using a photolithography process and a reactive ion etching method (RIE).

[0063] Through this series of processes, a four-channel wavelength array waveguide grating is finally formed. It is worth noting that the present invention uses a total of four layers of such array waveguide gratings, and they are stacked together in sequence. The thickness of each layer of array waveguide grating is the same, but the length is different.

[0064] In order to further protect these arrayed waveguide gratings, the present invention adheres a flat glass plate above the top waveguide layer, which can effectively protect the arrayed waveguide grating area etched on the substrate surface and enhance the stability of the structure.

[0065] At the same time, the present invention also adheres a flat glass plate to both sides of the stacked four-layer arrayed waveguide grating, so that the four-layer arrayed waveguide grating forms an integral component structure.

[0066] This manufacturing process and structural design fully demonstrate the innovation of the present invention. First, the integrated manufacturing process can greatly improve production efficiency and reduce costs. Second, the multi-layer stacking design not only increases the transmission channel, but also improves the stability and reliability of the entire system through the protection of the glass plate.

[0067] In general, Example 4 demonstrates another innovative breakthrough of the present invention in terms of manufacturing process and structural design.

[0068] Example 5

[0069] In addition to the aforementioned structural innovation, the present invention also proposes a new solution in the assembly process of the optical transmission system. Specifically, the present invention uses 4 different types of UV glue to achieve the fixed connection of the entire structure.

[0070] First, the first type of UV glue is mainly used in the following locations: 1) Tight stacking of arrayed waveguide gratings and bonding with the first side plate 11 and the second side plate 13; 2) Bonding between the top layer of arrayed waveguide grating 10 and the glass plate 12; 3) Combined bonding between the arrayed waveguide grating and the optical fiber array coupling area, the first fastening cover plate 5 and the second fastening cover plate 6. The dispensing locations of this first type of UV glue are shown in the attached figure. Figure 1 As shown, they are the first glue dispensing area 14, the second glue dispensing area 15 and the third glue dispensing area 16 respectively.

[0071] The second type of UV glue is used for coupling bonding between the arrayed waveguide grating component and the end face of the optical fiber array. The glue dispensing position is as shown in the attached figure. Figure 1 The fourth dispensing area 17 is shown.

[0072] The third type of UV glue is hard structure bonding, which is used to connect the optical fiber installation slot and the cover plate 4. The glue dispensing position is as shown in the attached figure. Figure 1 The fifth dispensing area 18 is shown.

[0073] Finally, the fourth type of UV glue is used for bonding the optical fiber installation slot and the pressing plate 3, and between the pressing plate 3 and the cover plate 4. The glue dispensing position is as shown in the attached figure. Figure 1 The sixth glue dispensing area 19 and the seventh glue dispensing area 20.

[0074] This design of using four different types of UV glue fully considers the bonding requirements between the various components of the entire optical transmission system. By selecting UV glues with different properties, it can not only ensure the firm connection between the various structural parts, but also improve the stability and reliability of the entire system.

[0075] Example 6

[0076] This embodiment discloses a method for designing the input end face angle θ of the arrayed waveguide grating, wherein the incident light end face angle θ of the arrayed waveguide grating is determined by

[0077] Get,

[0078] Where R = 3.58%, K is the wave vector phase constant, K = 2π / λ, ω0 is the waist radius of the Gaussian beam, η is the reflectivity of the arrayed waveguide grating end face, n1 is the effective refractive index of the arrayed waveguide grating, and λ is the wavelength.

[0079] like Figure 3 and Figure 4As shown, the output end face angle of the arrayed waveguide grating of the present invention is designed to be β. According to the refractive index formula, where h is the thickness of the arrayed waveguide grating, b is the parallel height difference between the arrayed waveguide grating and the optical fiber array, no is the refractive index of the medium on the light output surface, and ni is the refractive index of the medium on the light input surface, the theoretical value of the PD receiving position Ln on the horizontal plane can be calculated according to the formula. Then the horizontal light output distance difference of each layer of the arrayed waveguide grating on the silicon photonic chip is Lx = Ln - Ln-1 (n=1,2,3...), and the light emitting LD chip and the light receiving PD chip are integrated at different positions on the silicon photonic chip according to the theoretical calculated value.

[0080] Ln=(n-1)*(h+b) / TAN(ASIN(sin(θ)*ni / no)-β) - (n-1)*(h+b) / TAN(90-β), n=1,2,3….

[0081] The optical fiber array of the present invention is placed sideways to couple with the arrayed waveguide grating, and the side end face angle is designed to be α=θ. The center interval of the V-groove channel of the optical fiber array is designed to be p=h, which is consistent with the thickness of the arrayed waveguide grating. During coupling, each channel of the optical fiber array is fitted with the input channel surface of each layer of the arrayed waveguide grating, and the optical fiber in each V-groove of the optical fiber array is aligned and coupled with the input port of each layer of the arrayed waveguide grating by using a three-dimensional adjustment frame.

[0082] In a most preferred embodiment of the present invention, the arrayed waveguide grating thickness is designed to be h=0.75mm, the arrayed waveguide grating light incident end face angle θ=8°, the arrayed waveguide grating light exit end face angle β=30°, and the optical fiber array V-groove center spacing p=h.

[0083] The four-layer arrayed waveguide grating of the present invention is stacked, and during assembly, the grating is pressed up and down by a tool, and then a glass plate is bonded on both sides to assemble them into a whole, ensuring that the distance between each layer of waveguides remains highly consistent, avoiding the use of glue to bond the arrayed waveguide grating up and down and the inability to control the thickness of the glue layer, resulting in a decrease in the coupling efficiency between the optical fiber array.

[0084] In the assembly of the optical fiber array of the present invention, the optical fiber array is placed on its side and coupled with the array waveguide grating. The end face angle of the optical fiber array needs to be processed into a side octave. In addition, a groove cover plate is added to the optical fiber array to bond with the 250um optical fiber at the V-groove step, so that the internal optical fiber is in a sealed and protected state when the optical fiber array is placed on its side, thereby enhancing the tensile force resistance of the optical fiber and reducing the risk of fiber breakage when the component is assembled into the optical module.

[0085] It should be understood that the size of the serial numbers of the steps in the above embodiments does not mean the order of execution. The execution order of each process should be determined by its function and internal logic, and should not constitute any limitation on the implementation process of the embodiments of the present application.

[0086] It should be understood that those skilled in the art can make improvements or changes based on the above description, and all these improvements and changes should fall within the scope of protection of the appended claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A multi-channel optical fiber array and multi-layer arrayed waveguide grating coupling structure, characterized in that: The invention comprises a first clamping assembly for fixing an optical fiber array and a second clamping assembly for fixing an arrayed waveguide grating, wherein the first clamping assembly is connected to a plurality of optical fibers (1) arranged at intervals along the X-axis direction, and each optical fiber (1) is arranged to extend along the Y-axis direction, and the second clamping assembly is connected to a plurality of arrayed waveguide gratings arranged at intervals along the X-axis direction, and each arrayed waveguide grating is arranged to extend along the Y-axis direction, the optical fibers and the arrayed waveguide gratings are arranged in a one-to-one coaxial mapping manner, each arrayed waveguide grating is a right-angled trapezoid, and the inclined surfaces of any two arrayed waveguide gratings are located in the same plane.

2. The multi-channel optical fiber array and multi-layer arrayed waveguide grating coupling structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The first clamping assembly comprises a base (2), a pressure plate (3) and a cover plate (4); the base (2) is provided with optical fiber installation grooves arranged in a one-to-one correspondence with the optical fibers (1) of the optical fiber array; the pressure plate (3) and the cover plate (4) are fixedly connected to the top of the base (2).

3. The multi-channel optical fiber array and multi-layer arrayed waveguide grating coupling structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The second clamping assembly comprises a first side plate (11), a second side plate (13), a first fastening cover plate (5), a second fastening cover plate (6) and a glass plate (12); the first side plate (11) and the second side plate (13) are arranged at intervals along the Z-axis direction; the glass plate (12) is parallel to the XY plane; and the first fastening cover plate (5) and the second fastening cover plate (6) are covered on the outer sides of the first side plate (11), the second side plate (13) and the glass plate (12).

4. The multi-channel optical fiber array and multi-layer arrayed waveguide grating coupling structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: There are four optical fibers (1) and four arrayed waveguide gratings.

5. The multi-channel optical fiber array and multi-layer arrayed waveguide grating coupling structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: Glass plates (12) are fixedly connected to the end surfaces of the two arrayed waveguide gratings located at the outermost sides in the X-axis direction.

6. The multi-channel optical fiber array and multi-layer arrayed waveguide grating coupling structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The side end face angle of each optical fiber (1) of the optical fiber array is designed to be α corresponding to the input end face angle θ of the arrayed waveguide grating, and the center spacing p of the optical fiber installation grooves corresponds to the thickness h of the arrayed waveguide grating.

7. The multi-channel optical fiber array and multi-layer arrayed waveguide grating coupling structure according to claim 6, characterized in that: The incident light end angle θ of the arrayed waveguide grating is Get, Where R = 3.58%, K is the wave vector phase constant, K = 2π / λ, ω0 is the waist radius of the Gaussian beam, η is the reflectivity of the arrayed waveguide grating end face, n1 is the effective refractive index of the arrayed waveguide grating, and λ is the wavelength.

8. The multi-channel optical fiber array and multi-layer arrayed waveguide grating coupling structure according to claim 7, characterized in that: The light output end face angle β of the arrayed waveguide grating is 30°.

9. The multi-channel optical fiber array and multi-layer arrayed waveguide grating coupling structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: When the optical fiber (1) and the arrayed waveguide grating are coupled, the optical fiber (1) is fitted onto the input channel surface of the arrayed waveguide grating, and the optical fiber (1) is aligned and coupled with the input port of the arrayed waveguide grating using a three-dimensional adjustment frame.

10. An optical module, characterized in that: It comprises a multi-channel optical fiber array and a multi-layer array waveguide grating coupling structure as described in any one of claims 1 to 9.

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