Bionic disc cutter for stalk cutting and design method thereof

Abstract

A kind of bionic disc cutter for stalk cutting and its design method belong to the technical field of agricultural machinery.The cutter includes cutter base body and multiple cutter teeth which are uniformly distributed along the circumference of the cutter base body in the same direction.The cutter teeth are arc teeth bent to one side, the outer profile curve of the cutter teeth is composed of smooth transition curve, and the side disc surface corresponding to the cutter base body is a plane, and the other side disc surface corresponding to the cutter base body is a curved surface with a cutter tooth surface profile curve composed of arc transition, and the cross section from the cutter tooth root to the cutter tooth tip gradually decreases.The present application significantly reduces the cutting force and cutting energy consumption, improves the cutting efficiency and prolongs the service life of the cutter.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of agricultural machinery technology, and in particular relates to a biomimetic disc cutter for stem cutting and its design method. Background Technology

[0002] In the process of modern agricultural mechanization, efficient, durable, and precise cutting tools are crucial for improving agricultural production efficiency, reducing labor intensity, and optimizing crop quality. Stem cutters mainly include reciprocating and rotary blades. In harvesting thick-stemmed crops, such as castor beans, where the main stem has a high proportion of xylem and is hard, reciprocating blades struggle to cut the stem in one go, resulting in poor cut quality and easy blade damage. Therefore, this method is unsuitable for cutting thick-stemmed crops. Conventional rotary blades, depending on the type of blade teeth, are divided into two types: one-time cutting and continuous cutting. Blades capable of one-time cutting have a small number of relatively large teeth evenly distributed around the blade disc. These teeth require high sharpness and sufficient power to cut the stem in one go. For castor beans, with their thick stems, high xylem content, and varying stem diameters, one-time cutting is difficult. Blades capable of continuous cutting have serrated teeth evenly distributed around the blade disc. This cutting method is more adaptable to stems of different shapes, sizes, and hardnesses, but may increase cutting time and power consumption. In existing technologies, conventional cutting tools that achieve continuous cutting also suffer from high power consumption when cutting thick-stalked crops. Therefore, a cutting tool with low cutting resistance and low power consumption is needed to address the technical problems of existing technologies for cutting thick-stalked crops. Summary of the Invention

[0003] To address the aforementioned technical problems, this invention provides a biomimetic disc cutter for stem cutting and its design method. The biomimetic cutter is modeled after the termite, and its mandible cutting tooth structure is analyzed and applied to the design of the disc cutter to achieve the effect of reducing drag and power consumption. Moreover, its structure is simple, its cutting performance is good, it can effectively reduce cutting resistance, and the cutter is not easy to wear during long-term use, thus extending its service life.

[0004] Forest termites are a type of termite that lives in mountainous areas. They have chewing mouthparts, build nests inside trees, and primarily damage living and felled trees. Their mandibles, part of their mouthparts, are their main tools for ingesting food and carrying out other activities. Since termites mainly feed on wood, the curved contour and surface structure of their mandibles allow them to easily cut and gnaw on wood to obtain their food. Therefore, designing cutting tools based on the structure of termite mandibles for cutting crop stalks can significantly reduce energy consumption and tool wear during harvesting, thereby improving harvesting efficiency.

[0005] The objective of this invention is achieved through the following technical solution:

[0006] This invention discloses a biomimetic disc cutter for stem cutting, comprising a disc base and a plurality of cutting teeth evenly distributed in the same direction along the circumference of the disc base. The cutting teeth are arc-shaped teeth that curve to one side, and their outer contour curves are formed by smooth transition curves. The disc surface on one side of the disc base corresponding to the cutting teeth is a plane, while the disc surface on the other side of the disc base is a curved surface with a cutting tooth surface contour curve formed by arc transitions. The cross-section gradually decreases from the root of the cutting tooth to the tip of the cutting tooth.

[0007] Furthermore, the outer contour curve of the cutting tooth is formed by the transitional connection of a reinforcing rib curve, a cutting edge curve, a cutting tip curve, and a cutting back curve. The inner side of the cutting tooth in the bending direction is the cutting edge curve, the root contour line ma is an arc-shaped reinforcing rib curve, which connects to the cutter head base. The outer side is the cutting back curve, and the end where the cutting edge curve and the cutting back curve connect is the cutting tip curve; wherein,

[0008] The expression for the cutting edge curve, i.e., the contour line ab, is:

[0009] y = 555.194 - 29.340x + 7.6x 2 -0.119x 3 -0.003x 4 -2.172×10- 5 x 5

[0010] The expression for the tip curve, i.e., the contour line bc, is:

[0011] y = 231.899 + 12.781x - 0.354x 2 +0.003x 3

[0012] The expression for the back curve of the blade, i.e., the contour line cd, is:

[0013] y = -216.186 + 20.735x - 0.196x 2 +6.134×10- 4 x 3

[0014] Point a is connected to the cutter head base by an arc, with the connection point being m. The reinforcing rib curve, cutting edge curve, cutting tip curve, and back curve are tangent at their connection points.

[0015] Furthermore, the curved surface formed by the profile curve of the cutting tooth includes an arc-shaped cutting edge surface I, a transition surface II, an auxiliary cutting surface III, and a back surface IV that are sequentially connected from the cutting edge curve to the back surface curve. The auxiliary cutting surface III and the back surface IV form the highest arc. Moreover, the cross section of the profile curve of the cutting tooth gradually decreases from the root of the cutting tooth to the tip of the cutting tooth.

[0016] Furthermore, the cutting edge angle α1 of the cutting edge is 23.6-36.2°.

[0017] Furthermore, the surface profile curve of the cutting tooth is composed of a series of smoothly connected arc-shaped cutting edge curves, transition surface curves, auxiliary cutting surface curves, and back face curves; wherein, the arc-shaped cutting edge curve, i.e., the ef part, is expressed as:

[0018] y = 0.938 - 0.351x + 0.511x 2 -0.068x 3 ;

[0019] The expression for the transition surface curve, i.e., the fg portion, is:

[0020] y = 7.172 - 4.752x + 1.390x 2 -0.102x 3 ;

[0021] The expression for the auxiliary cutting surface curve, i.e., the gj part, is:

[0022] y = -5.821 + 3.247x - 0.228x 2 +0.005x 3 ;

[0023] The expression for the curve on the back of the blade, i.e., the jk portion, is:

[0024] y = 742.592 - 200.040x + 21.669x 2 -1.164x 3 +0.031x 4 -3.296×10- 4 x 5 ;

[0025] Point O is the intersection of the highest point j and the blade plane. Points e and k are the two endpoints of the blade plane. The angle β1 formed by the line connecting point f and point O with the blade plane is 5°-8°. The angle β2 formed by the line connecting point g and point O with the blade plane is 25°-32°. The angle β3 formed by the line connecting point j and point O with the blade plane is 90°.

[0026] Furthermore, the tooth thickness h1 of the cutting tooth is 1.6-3.2 mm, the tooth root width D is 6.6-13.3 mm, and the tooth height H is 8-11 mm.

[0027] The design method of the biomimetic disc cutter for stem cutting described in this invention includes the following steps:

[0028] S1: Select the mandibular cutting teeth of the termite as a biological model. Use Matlab software to extract the outer contour line of the mandibular cutting teeth and the contour line of any cross section of the mandibular cutting teeth of the termite. Output the extracted contour lines in the form of data in an Excel spreadsheet.

[0029] S2: Determine the outer contour curve of the cutting tooth: Import the outer contour curve data of the cutting tooth obtained in S1 into Origin software. Origin software regenerates the contour line based on the imported data, and then segments the contour line, using points b and c with large curvature changes as dividing points, and endpoints a and d respectively, dividing it into three segments: the cutting edge curve ab, the cutting tip curve bc, and the back curve cd. Fitting is performed on each segment, and the connection points of the three curves are then seamlessly connected to form a complete contour line, i.e., the outer contour curve of the cutting tooth. The outer contour curve of the cutting tooth is then output as an image format and processed in SolidWorks according to... The sketch tool generates a contour sketch, which is then enlarged to a preset tooth height H. A sketch of the cutter head base is drawn, and the outer contour curve of the cutter teeth is connected to the cutter head base according to the preset tilt angle of the cutter teeth. By circumferentially arraying these curves, multiple outer contour lines of the cutter teeth can be obtained. A rounded corner is created between point a of one of the outer contour lines of the cutter teeth and the cutter head base for transition, forming an arc-shaped curve segment ma. By circumferentially arraying these curves, a curve segment ma is distributed between point a of each cutter tooth contour line and the cutter head base, thus obtaining the overall outer contour curve of the cutter teeth. The overall thickness of the combined cutter head base and the outer contour lines of the cutter teeth is stretched to a preset tooth thickness h1.

[0030] S3: Determine the surface profile curve of the cutting tooth: Import the cross-sectional profile curve data of the cutting tooth obtained in S1 into Origin software. In the software, the cross-sectional profile line is divided into four curve segments. The highest point j is perpendicular to the plane of the cross-sectional profile line, and the foot of the perpendicular is point O. The two endpoints of the plane are point e and point k. The angle β1 formed by the line connecting point f and point O with the plane is 5°-8°; the angle β2 formed by the line connecting point g and point O with the plane is 25°-32°. The four curve segments are the arc-shaped cutting edge curve ef, the transition surface curve fg, the auxiliary cutting surface curve gj, and the back face curve jk. Fit the four curve segments respectively, connect the fitted curve segments to form a whole, and output the image format. Generate a profile sketch in SolidWorks, and enlarge the distance of segment jo in the cross-sectional profile line to the cutting tooth thickness h1 to obtain the surface profile curve of the cutting tooth.

[0031] S4: Combine the tooth surface contour curve obtained in S3 with the tooth outer contour curve obtained in S2, and perform a scanning and cutting operation on the tooth surface contour curve to obtain a tooth with a curved surface structure. The cross section of the tooth surface contour curve gradually decreases from the root of the tooth to the tip of the tooth, thus obtaining a biomimetic disc cutter.

[0032] Furthermore, the outer contour curve of the cutting tooth is formed by the transitional connection of a reinforcing rib curve, a cutting edge curve, a cutting tip curve, and a cutting back curve. The inner side of the cutting tooth in the bending direction is the cutting edge curve, the root contour line ma is an arc-shaped reinforcing rib curve, which connects to the cutter head base. The outer side is the cutting back curve, and the end where the cutting edge curve and the cutting back curve connect is the cutting tip curve; wherein,

[0033] The expression for the cutting edge curve, i.e., the contour line ab, is:

[0034] y = 555.194 - 29.340x + 7.6x 2 -0.119x 3 -0.003x 4 -2.172×10- 5 x 5

[0035] The expression for the tip curve, i.e., the contour line bc, is:

[0036] y = 231.899 + 12.781x - 0.354x 2 +0.003x 3

[0037] The expression for the back curve of the blade, i.e., the contour line cd, is:

[0038] y = -216.186 + 20.735x - 0.196x 2 +6.134×10- 4 x 3 .

[0039] Furthermore, the surface profile curve of the cutting tooth is composed of a series of smoothly connected arc-shaped cutting edge curves, transition surface curves, auxiliary cutting surface curves, and back face curves; wherein, the arc-shaped cutting edge curve, i.e., the ef part, is expressed as:

[0040] y = 0.938 - 0.351x + 0.511x 2 -0.068x 3 ;

[0041] The expression for the transition surface curve, i.e., the fg portion, is:

[0042] y = 7.172 - 4.752x + 1.390x 2 -0.102x 3 ;

[0043] The expression for the auxiliary cutting surface curve, i.e., the gj part, is:

[0044] y = -5.821 + 3.247x - 0.228x 2+0.005x 3 ;

[0045] The expression for the curve on the back of the blade, i.e., the jk portion, is:

[0046] y = 742.592 - 200.040x + 21.669x 2 -1.164x 3 +0.031x 4 -3.296×10- 4 x 5 .

[0047] The beneficial effects of this invention are as follows:

[0048] 1. The biomimetic disc cutter of the present invention comprises multiple cutting teeth evenly arranged in the same direction along the circumference of the cutter disc base, forming an integral structure. The cutting teeth are modeled after the outer contour and surface contour of the mandibles of a forest termite. The outer contour curve of the curved teeth curving to one side is a smooth transition curve, with the cross-section gradually decreasing from the root to the tip. Furthermore, one side of the cutting tooth is flat, while the other side has a curved surface with an arc transition. This invention significantly reduces cutting force and energy consumption, improves cutting efficiency, and extends the tool's service life.

[0049] 2. The outer contour curve of the cutting tooth in this invention is formed by the transitional connection of the reinforcing rib curve, the cutting edge curve, the cutting tip curve, and the back curve. A curved surface composed of the cutting tooth surface contour curve is provided on one side of the cutting tooth. This curved surface transitions from the cutting edge curve to the back curve, connecting the arc-shaped cutting edge surface I, the transition surface II, the auxiliary cutting surface III, and the back surface IV in sequence. The auxiliary cutting surface III and the back surface IV form the highest arc. Moreover, the cross section of the cutting tooth surface contour curve gradually decreases from the root of the cutting tooth to the tip of the cutting tooth, which is beneficial for cutting crop stems and reducing tool wear.

[0050] 3. The smooth cutting surface of the arc-shaped cutting edge surface I of the cutting tooth in this invention reduces friction and resistance during the cutting process, increasing the tool's service life. A transition surface II is located behind the arc-shaped cutting edge surface I, which helps to smoothly guide the cutting force from the cutting edge to the entire tool body, reducing stress concentration on the cutting edge and thus improving tool durability. The transition surface II also optimizes chip flow during the cutting process, making chips easier to remove and preventing them from accumulating in the cutting area and causing additional cutting resistance. The auxiliary cutting surface III provided behind the transition surface II in this invention can disperse the cutting force, reduce the burden on the arc-shaped cutting edge, and improve the stability and cutting quality of the cutting process. The tool back surface IV provided behind the auxiliary cutting surface III in this invention can optimize heat conduction and heat dissipation during the cutting process, helping to reduce the cutting temperature.

[0051] 4. This invention can also be applied to the cutting blades of other harvesting and cutting devices for thick-stemmed crops, and can also be applied to mechanical equipment that requires cutting work, such as agricultural product processing and weeding machinery. Attached Figure Description

[0052] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the present invention.

[0053] Figure 2 for Figure 1 Outer contour line of the middle cutting tooth.

[0054] Figure 3 for Figure 2 AA section view

[0055] Figure 4 for Figure 1 A three-dimensional structural diagram of the cutting teeth.

[0056] Figure 5 for Figure 4 BB cross-sectional view.

[0057] Figure 6 The diagram shows the existing tool structures, where (a) is a conventional tool and (b) is a tool with only the outer contour of a termite mandible.

[0058] Figure 7 for Figure 6 Diagram of the cutting edge angle of a medium-sized cutting tool.

[0059] In the figure: 1. Cutter head, 2. Cutter teeth, 3. Cutter tooth profile, 31. Reinforcing rib curve, 32. Cutting edge curve, 33. Cutter tip curve, 34. Cutter back curve, 4. Cutter tooth profile, 41. Arc-shaped cutting edge curve, 42. Transition surface curve, 43. Auxiliary cutting surface curve, 44. Cutter back surface curve, Ⅰ. Arc-shaped cutting edge, Ⅱ. Transition surface, Ⅲ. Auxiliary cutting surface, Ⅳ. Back side of the cutter. Detailed Implementation

[0060] The present invention will now be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

[0061] Example: Figures 1-5 As shown, the present invention discloses a biomimetic disc cutter for stem cutting, comprising a disc base 1 and a plurality of cutting teeth 2 evenly distributed in the same direction along the circumference of the disc base 1. The cutting teeth are arc-shaped teeth that curve to one side, and their outer contour curves 3 are formed by smooth transition curves. The disc surface on one side of the disc base 1 corresponding to the cutting teeth is a plane, and the disc surface on the other side of the disc base 1 is a curved surface with a cutting tooth surface contour curve formed by arc transition. The cross section gradually decreases from the root of the cutting tooth to the tip of the cutting tooth.

[0062] The outer contour curve 3 of the cutting tooth is formed by the transitional connection of a reinforcing rib curve 31, a cutting edge curve 32, a cutting tip curve 33, and a back curve 34. The inner side of the cutting tooth in the bending direction is the cutting edge curve 32, the root contour line ma is an arc-shaped reinforcing rib curve 31, which connects to the cutter head base 1. The outer side is the back curve 34, and the end where the cutting edge curve 32 and the back curve 34 connect is the cutting tip curve 33.

[0063] The expression for cutting edge curve 32, i.e., the contour line ab, is:

[0064] y = 555.194 - 29.340x + 7.6x 2 -0.119x 3 -0.003x 4 -2.172×10- 5 x 5

[0065] The expression for the tip curve 33, i.e., the contour line bc, is:

[0066] y = 231.899 + 12.781x - 0.354x 2 +0.003x 3

[0067] The expression for the blade back curve 34, i.e., the contour line cd, is:

[0068] y = -216.186 + 20.735x - 0.196x 2 +6.134×10- 4 x 3

[0069] Point a is connected to the cutter head base by an arc, with the connection point being m. The reinforcing rib curve 31, cutting edge curve 32, cutting edge curve 33, and cutting back curve 34 are tangent at their connection points.

[0070] The cutting edge angle α1 of the cutting edge is obtained from the cutting edge angle of the ant tooth cutting tooth as 23.6-36.2°.

[0071] The surface profile curve 4 of the cutting tooth includes an arc-shaped cutting edge surface I, a transition surface II, an auxiliary cutting surface III, and a back surface IV that are sequentially connected from the cutting edge curve to the back surface curve. The highest arc is formed between the auxiliary cutting surface III and the back surface IV. The cross section of the cutting tooth surface profile curve gradually decreases from the root of the cutting tooth to the tip of the cutting tooth.

[0072] The cutter tooth surface contour curve 4 is composed of a series of smoothly connected arc-shaped cutting edge curves 41, transition surface curves 42, auxiliary cutting surface curves 43, and back face curves 44; wherein, the arc-shaped cutting edge curve 41, i.e., the ef part, is expressed as:

[0073] y = 0.938 - 0.351x + 0.511x 2 -0.068x 3 .

[0074] The expression for the transition surface curve 42, i.e., the fg part, is:

[0075] y = 7.172 - 4.752x + 1.390x 2 -0.102x 3 .

[0076] The expression for the auxiliary cutting surface curve 43, i.e., the gj part, is:

[0077] y = -5.821 + 3.247x - 0.228x 2 +0.005x 3 .

[0078] The expression for the curve 44 on the back of the blade, i.e., the jk portion, is:

[0079] y = 742.592 - 200.040x + 21.669x 2 -1.164x 3 +0.031x 4 -3.296×10- 4 x 5 ;

[0080] Point O is the intersection of the highest point j and the blade plane. Points e and k are the two endpoints of the blade plane. The angle β1 formed by the line connecting point f and point O with the blade plane is 5°-8°. The angle β2 formed by the line connecting point g and point O with the blade plane is 25°-32°. The angle β3 formed by the line connecting point j and point O with the blade plane is 90°.

[0081] The tooth thickness h1 of the blade is 1.6-3.2mm, the root width D is 6.6-13.3mm, and the tooth height H is 8-11mm; the specific value is determined according to the actual crop stem being cut.

[0082] The design method of the biomimetic disc cutter for stem cutting described in this invention includes the following steps:

[0083] S1: Select the mandibular cutting teeth of wild termites as a biological model. Use Matlab software to extract the outer contour line of the mandibular cutting teeth and the contour line of any cross-section of the mandibular cutting teeth. Output the extracted contour lines in the form of data in an Excel spreadsheet. The extraction method is an existing technology: first, convert the ant tooth image taken by the microscope into a grayscale image, perform noise reduction processing on the image, calculate the image gradient and direction, and perform edge detection and edge connection to extract the contour.

[0084] S2: Determine the outer contour curve of the cutting tooth: Import the outer contour curve data of the cutting tooth obtained in S1 into Origin software. Origin software regenerates the contour line based on the imported data, and then segments the contour line, using points b and c with large curvature changes as dividing points, and endpoints a and d respectively, dividing it into three segments: the cutting edge curve ab, the cutting tip curve bc, and the back curve cd. Fitting is performed on each segment, and the connection points of the three curves are then seamlessly connected to form a complete contour line, i.e., the outer contour curve of the cutting tooth; the outer contour curve of the cutting tooth is then output as an image format and processed in SolidWorks. Generate a contour sketch using the sketching tool and enlarge it to the preset tooth height H; draw a sketch of the cutter head base and connect the outer contour curve of the cutter teeth to the cutter head base according to the preset tilt angle of the cutter teeth. Array them in a circle to obtain multiple outer contour lines of the cutter teeth. Create a rounded corner between point a of one of the outer contour lines of the cutter teeth and the cutter head base for transition, forming an arc-shaped curve segment ma. Array them in a circle so that each cutter tooth contour line has a curve segment ma distributed between point a and the cutter head base, thus obtaining the overall outer contour curve of the cutter teeth; stretch the overall thickness of the combined cutter head base and the cutter tooth contour lines to the preset tooth thickness h1;

[0085] S3: Determine the surface profile curve of the cutting tooth: Import the cross-sectional profile curve data of the cutting tooth obtained in S1 into Origin software. In the software, the cross-sectional profile line is divided into four curve segments. The highest point j is perpendicular to the plane of the cross-sectional profile line, and the foot of the perpendicular is point O. The two endpoints of the plane are point e and point k. The angle β1 formed by the line connecting point f and point O with the plane is 5°-8°; the angle β2 formed by the line connecting point g and point O with the plane is 25°-32°. The four curve segments are the arc-shaped cutting edge curve ef, the transition surface curve fg, the auxiliary cutting surface curve gj, and the back face curve jk. Fit the four curve segments respectively, connect the fitted curve segments to form a whole, and output the image format. Generate a profile sketch in SolidWorks, and enlarge the distance of segment jo in the cross-sectional profile line to the cutting tooth thickness h1 to obtain the surface profile curve of the cutting tooth.

[0086] S4: Combine the tooth surface contour curve obtained in S3 with the tooth outer contour curve obtained in S2, and perform a scanning and cutting operation on the tooth surface contour curve to obtain a tooth with a curved surface structure. The cross section of the tooth surface contour curve gradually decreases from the root of the tooth to the tip of the tooth, thus obtaining a biomimetic disc cutter.

[0087] Furthermore, the outer contour curve of the cutting tooth is formed by the transitional connection of a reinforcing rib curve, a cutting edge curve, a cutting tip curve, and a cutting back curve. The inner side of the cutting tooth in the bending direction is the cutting edge curve, the root contour line ma is an arc-shaped reinforcing rib curve, which connects to the cutter head base. The outer side is the cutting back curve, and the end where the cutting edge curve and the cutting back curve connect is the cutting tip curve; wherein,

[0088] The expression for the cutting edge curve, i.e., the contour line ab, is:

[0089] y = 555.194 - 29.340x + 7.6x 2 -0.119x 3 -0.003x 4 -2.172×10- 5 x 5

[0090] The expression for the tip curve, i.e., the contour line bc, is:

[0091] y = 231.899 + 12.781x - 0.354x 2 +0.003x 3

[0092] The expression for the back curve of the blade, i.e., the contour line cd, is:

[0093] y = -216.186 + 20.735x - 0.196x 2 +6.134×10- 4 x 3 .

[0094] Furthermore, the surface profile curve of the cutting tooth consists of a series of smoothly connected arc-shaped cutting edge curves, transition surface curves, auxiliary cutting surface curves, and back face curves; wherein, the arc-shaped cutting edge curve, i.e., the ef part, is expressed as:

[0095] y = 0.938 - 0.351x + 0.511x 2 -0.068x 3 .

[0096] The expression for the transition surface curve 42, i.e., the fg part, is:

[0097] y = 7.172 - 4.752x + 1.390x 2 -0.102x 3 .

[0098] The expression for the auxiliary cutting surface curve 43, i.e., the gj part, is:

[0099] y = -5.821 + 3.247x - 0.228x 2+0.005x 3 .

[0100] The expression for the curve 44 on the back of the blade, i.e., the jk portion, is:

[0101] y = 742.592 - 200.040x + 21.669x 2 -1.164x 3 +0.031x 4 -3.296×10- 4 x 5

[0102] like Figure 6 , Figure 7 The diagram shows the structure of existing cutting tools, where (a) is a conventional cutting tool; and (b) is a cutting tool with only the outer contour of the termite mandible. The cutting force of the two existing cutting tools with a cutting edge angle α2 = α1 and a tooth thickness h2 = h1 during stem cutting is compared with that of the cutting tool of the present invention, as shown in Table 1 below:

[0103] Table 1

[0104]

[0105] As can be seen from the above, under the same parameter settings, the cutting force used by the bionic disc cutter of the present invention is significantly less than that of existing cutters, which has the effect of significantly reducing cutting force, reducing cutting energy consumption, improving cutting efficiency and extending the service life of the cutter.

[0106] Components not described in detail in this application are all existing conventional technologies and will not be described further here.

[0107] It is understood that the above specific description of the present invention is only for illustrating the present invention and is not limited to the technical solutions described in the embodiments of the present invention. Those skilled in the art should understand that modifications or equivalent substitutions can still be made to the present invention to achieve the same technical effect; as long as the use needs are met, they are all within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A biomimetic disc cutter for stem cutting, characterized in that: It includes a cutter head base and a plurality of cutter teeth evenly distributed in the same direction along the circumference of the cutter head base. The cutter teeth are arc-shaped teeth that bend to one side. The outer contour curve of the cutter teeth is composed of a smooth transition curve. The side surface of the cutter head base corresponding to the cutter teeth is a plane, and the other side surface of the cutter head base is a curved surface composed of the contour curve of the cutter teeth with an arc transition. The cross section gradually decreases from the root of the cutter teeth to the tip of the cutter teeth. The outer contour curve of the cutting tooth is formed by the transitional connection of a reinforcing rib curve, a cutting edge curve, a cutting tip curve, and a cutting back curve. The inner side of the tooth's curvature is the cutting edge curve, the root contour line *ma* is an arc-shaped reinforcing rib curve connecting to the cutter head base, and the outer side is the cutting back curve. The end where the cutting edge curve and the cutting back curve connect is the cutting tip curve. The expression for the cutting edge curve, i.e., the contour line ab, is: y=555.194-29.340x+7.6x 2 -0.119x 3 -0.003x 4 -2.172×10 -5 x 5 The expression for the tip curve, i.e., the contour line bc, is: y=231.899+12.781x-0.354x 2 +0.003x 3 The expression for the back curve of the blade, i.e., the contour line cd, is: y=-216.186+20.735x-0.196x 2 +6.134×10 -4 x 3 Point a is connected to the cutter head base by an arc, with the connection point being m. The reinforcing rib curve, cutting edge curve, cutting tip curve, and back curve are tangent at their connection points.

2. The biomimetic disc cutter for stem cutting according to claim 1, characterized in that: The curved surface formed by the profile curve of the cutting tooth includes an arc-shaped cutting edge surface I, a transition surface II, an auxiliary cutting surface III, and a back surface IV that are sequentially connected from the cutting edge curve to the back surface curve. The highest arc is formed between the auxiliary cutting surface III and the back surface IV. The cross section of the profile curve of the cutting tooth gradually decreases from the root of the cutting tooth to the tip of the cutting tooth.

3. The biomimetic disc cutter for stem cutting according to claim 1, characterized in that: The cutting edge angle α1 of the cutting tooth is 23.6°-36.2°.

4. The biomimetic disc cutter for stem cutting according to claim 1, characterized in that: The surface profile curve of the cutting tooth is composed of a series of smoothly connected arc-shaped cutting edge curves, transition surface curves, auxiliary cutting surface curves, and back face curves; wherein, the arc-shaped cutting edge curve, i.e., the ef part, is expressed as: y=0.938-0.351x+0.511x 2 -0.068x 3 ; The expression for the transition surface curve, i.e., the fg portion, is: y=7.172-4.752x+1.390x 2 -0.102x 3 ; The expression for the auxiliary cutting surface curve, i.e., the gj part, is: y=-5.821+3.247x-0.228x 2 +0.005x 3 ; The expression for the curve on the back of the blade, i.e., the jk portion, is: y=742.592-200.040x+21.669x 2 -1.164x 3 +0.031x 4 -3.296×10 -4 x 5 ; Point O is the intersection of the highest point j and the blade plane. Points e and k are the two endpoints of the blade plane. The angle β1 formed by the line connecting point f and point O with the blade plane is 5°-8°. The angle β2 formed by the line connecting point g and point O with the blade plane is 25°-32°. The angle β3 formed by the line connecting point j and point O with the blade plane is 90°.

5. The biomimetic disc cutter for stem cutting according to claim 1, characterized in that: The tooth thickness h1 of the cutter is 1.6-3.2mm, the tooth root width D is 6.6-13.3mm, and the tooth height H is 8-11mm.

6. The design method of the biomimetic disc cutter for stem cutting as described in any one of claims 1-5, characterized in that: Includes the following steps: S1: Select the mandibular cutting teeth of wild termites as a biological model. Use Matlab software to extract the outer contour line of the mandibular cutting teeth and the contour line of any cross section of the mandibular cutting teeth. Output the extracted contour lines in the form of data in an Excel spreadsheet. S2: Determine the outer contour curve of the cutting tooth: Import the outer contour curve data of the cutting tooth obtained in S1 into Origin software. Origin software regenerates the contour line based on the imported data, and then segments the contour line, using points b and c with large curvature changes as dividing points, and endpoints a and d respectively, dividing it into three segments: the cutting edge curve ab, the cutting tip curve bc, and the back curve cd. Fitting is performed on each segment, and the connection points of the three curves are then seamlessly connected to form a complete contour line, i.e., the outer contour curve of the cutting tooth; the outer contour curve of the cutting tooth is then output as an image in SolidWorks. Generate a contour sketch using the sketch tool and enlarge it to the preset tooth height H; draw a sketch of the cutter head base and connect the outer contour curve of the cutter teeth to the cutter head base according to the preset tilt angle of the cutter teeth. Array them in a circle to obtain multiple outer contour lines of the cutter teeth. Create a fillet between point a of one of the outer contour lines of the cutter teeth and the cutter head base for transition, forming an arc-shaped curve segment ma. Array them in a circle so that each cutter tooth contour line has a curve segment ma distributed between point a and the cutter head base, thus obtaining the overall outer contour curve of the cutter teeth; stretch the overall thickness of the combined cutter head base and the outer contour lines of the cutter teeth to the preset tooth thickness h1; S3: Determine the surface profile curve of the cutting tooth: Import the cross-sectional profile curve data of the cutting tooth obtained in S1 into Origin software. In the software, the cross-sectional profile line is divided into four curve segments. The highest point j is perpendicular to the plane of the cross-sectional profile line, and the foot of the perpendicular is point O. The two endpoints of the plane are point e and point k. The angle β1 formed by the line connecting point f and point O with the plane is 5°-8°; the angle β2 formed by the line connecting point g and point O with the plane is 25°-32°. The four curve segments are the arc-shaped cutting edge curve ef, the transition surface curve fg, the auxiliary cutting surface curve gj, and the back face curve jk. Fit the four curve segments respectively, connect the fitted curve segments to form a whole, and output the image format. Generate a profile sketch in SolidWorks, and enlarge the distance of segment jo in the cross-sectional profile line to the cutting tooth thickness h1 to obtain the surface profile curve of the cutting tooth. S4: Combine the tooth surface contour curve obtained in S3 with the tooth outer contour curve obtained in S2, and perform a scanning and cutting operation on the tooth surface contour curve to obtain a tooth with a curved surface structure. The cross section of the tooth surface contour curve gradually decreases from the root of the tooth to the tip of the tooth, thus obtaining a biomimetic disc cutter.

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