Drainage device for subgrade filling construction of iron tailings powder and its filling construction method

Abstract

The present invention discloses a drainage device for subgrade filling construction with iron tailings powder and its filling construction method, including drainage end suspension, diversion component positioning and angle adjustment. The present invention relates to a drainage device for subgrade filling construction with iron tailings powder and its construction method, including a drainage end and a diversion component, which can adjust the angle and be embedded in the subgrade slope surface. The diversion component is composed of a positioning frame and a plurality of spliceable diversion members, and is internally provided with a micro water turbine and a magnetic induction coil, which can convert the kinetic energy of water flow into electrical energy, and control the elastic deformation of the arc-shaped diversion groove through an airbag to adapt to different water flow conditions. The construction method includes steps such as site cleaning, surveying and setting out, test preparation, modular design, graded filling, modular stacking technology, and drainage device installation. The invention minimizes the material usage through modular design and optimization algorithms, improves the subgrade stability and construction efficiency, and simultaneously realizes environmental protection and energy conservation.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of subgrade filling construction, and particularly to a drainage device for subgrade filling construction with iron tailings powder and a filling construction method thereof. Background Art

[0002] In road construction, the stability and durability of the subgrade are crucial. Traditional subgrade construction methods often face problems such as water flow erosion, material waste, low construction efficiency, and environmental damage. At the same time, current subgrade filling methods usually use natural materials such as soil and sand and gravel. These materials may be difficult to obtain in some areas and have a high cost. In addition, traditional methods are often not perfect in drainage design, cannot be adjusted and used along with the construction process, and during rainy season construction, water easily accumulates on the subgrade, affecting the stability and service life of the subgrade. Summary of the Invention

[0003] Therefore, the present invention provides a drainage device for subgrade filling construction with iron tailings powder and a filling construction method thereof to overcome the problems that in the prior art, the stability and durability of the subgrade are crucial, traditional subgrade construction methods often face problems such as water flow erosion, material waste, low construction efficiency, and environmental damage, current subgrade filling methods usually use natural materials such as soil and sand and gravel which may be difficult to obtain in some areas and have a high cost, traditional methods are often not perfect in drainage design, cannot be adjusted and used along with the construction process, and during rainy season construction, water easily accumulates on the subgrade, affecting the stability and service life of the subgrade.

[0004] The present invention is implemented by the following technical solutions:

[0005] Drainage device for subgrade filling construction of iron tailings powder, including a drainage end and a diversion component. The drainage end is suspended and clamped on the side at the top of the slope of the subgrade, and the input end of the drainage end is arranged on the top surface of the subgrade. The drainage end is flexibly connected to the diversion component, and the angle between the drainage end and the diversion component is adjustable. The diversion component is positioned on the slope surface of the subgrade by self-weight embedding. The diversion component includes a positioning frame and a plurality of diversion members. The plurality of diversion members can be spliced in sequence and slid into the positioning frame. The diversion member includes an arc-shaped diversion groove. The bottom surface of the arc-shaped diversion groove is provided with an integrally formed positioning block. The cross-section of the positioning block is triangular. A micro water turbine is arranged in the arc surface of the arc-shaped diversion groove. The top of the micro water turbine is fixed on an adjustment positioning frame. The adjustment positioning frame is fixed on the top surface of the arc-shaped diversion groove, and the adjustment positioning frame drives the adjustment of the distance between the micro water turbine and the inner arc surface of the arc-shaped diversion groove. The adjustment positioning frame includes a connecting frame, a connecting rod and a fixing frame. The connecting frame is fixed on the top of the micro water turbine. The top of the connecting frame is fixedly penetrated by the connecting rod, and both ends of the connecting rod pass through the key-shaped through holes on the fixing frame and are screwed with locking nuts. The fixing frame is fixed on the arc-shaped diversion groove. On one side bottom surface of the arc-shaped diversion groove, convex magnetic blocks are symmetrically fixed. On the other side corresponding to the convex magnetic blocks, a limiting groove is fixedly arranged, and an iron plate is attached to the inner side surface of the limiting groove. The inside of the arc-shaped diversion groove is arranged in a honeycomb shape. A magnetic induction coil is fixedly arranged in the arc-shaped diversion groove. The lower end of the magnetic induction coil is provided with a battery pack fixed to the arc-shaped diversion groove. The magnetic induction coil is electrically connected to the battery pack. The magnetic induction coil is arranged at the lowest end of the arc surface of the arc-shaped diversion groove. The arc surface of the arc-shaped diversion groove has shrinkage elasticity, and the surface of its arc surface is made of geotextile. The geotextile is fixed on a rubber plate. Air bags are symmetrically fixed in the arc-shaped diversion groove. One side of the air bag is fixed with an air nozzle. The air nozzle penetrates out of the arc-shaped diversion groove and is on the same side as the limiting groove where the arc-shaped diversion groove is arranged. An air outlet pipe is fixedly connected to the air bag. The air outlet pipe penetrates out of the arc-shaped diversion groove and is fixed with a valve. The two air bags are arranged on both sides of the magnetic induction coil and are attached to the lower end of the arc surface of the arc-shaped diversion groove. An air needle is arranged on the other side of the arc-shaped diversion groove opposite to the air nozzle, and one end of the air needle extends into the arc-shaped diversion groove and is fixedly connected to the air bag in communication.

[0006] Preferably, the positioning frame includes a fixing plate and a limiting component. The limiting component is fixed on both sides of the fixing plate. A plurality of arc-shaped diversion grooves are slidably spliced in sequence in the limiting component, and an inflation device is fixed on the fixing plate. The output end of the inflation device is inserted into the air nozzle.

[0007] Preferably, the limiting component includes two limiting members arranged in parallel. Each limiting member includes a plurality of limiting plates, and a sliding groove is fixed on the inner side surface of the limiting plate. A sliding plate is slidably attached to the sliding groove, and the sliding plate is fixed to the bottom of the side surface of the arc-shaped diversion groove. The plurality of limiting plates are sequentially and staggeredly hinged to form a folding plate. Auxiliary positioning plates are respectively fixed to the bottom surface and the top surface of the limiting plate. The cross-section of the auxiliary positioning plate is triangular, and the length of the limiting plate is greater than the length of the arc-shaped diversion groove.

[0008] Preferably, the drainage end includes a water inlet groove, an electric heating wire is fixed in the water inlet groove, and the electric heating wire transfers heat to the bottom surface of the water inlet groove. The electric heating wire is electrically connected to the battery pack, and the battery pack is fixed to the side surface of the water inlet groove. A waterproof cover is covered on the battery pack.

[0009] Preferably, the side end of the water inlet groove is fixedly connected to a filter plate through a metal plate, and the metal plate has deformability. A connecting groove is fixed to the side surface of the filter plate, and a convex magnet block is inserted into the connecting groove.

[0010] Construction method for filling subgrade with iron tailing powder, the steps are as follows:

[0011] Step 1, construction preparation and site cleaning: Remove the plant roots and unsuitable materials within the subgrade range, and compact before filling.

[0012] Step 2, measurement and layout: According to the designed width and slope gradient, lay out the bottom slope toe line of the subgrade to ensure that the compaction degree at the edge of the embankment meets the specification requirements.

[0013] Step 3, test preparation: Take samples of the original ground soil, and conduct particle analysis, liquid limit, plastic limit, soil compaction test and strength test of iron tailing powder.

[0014] Step 4, modular design: Optimize the size and shape of the module according to the particle size of the iron tailings to ensure uniform distribution of the iron tailings.

[0015] Step 4-1, determination of the optimal size of the module.

[0016] Step 4-2, establish a mathematical model, and the calculation formulas for volume and surface area can be used to evaluate the physical properties of the module: Volume formula: V = l×w×h, where l, w, and h are the length, width, and height of the module respectively; Surface area formula: A = 2(lw + lh + wh), which is used to evaluate the surface area of the module.

[0017] Step 4-3, determine the optimization objective function, and the minimum material usage can be adopted while ensuring structural stability: Minimum material usage: Vmin, Ensure structural stability: (F / A)max, where F is the force acting on the module.

[0018] Step 4-4: Convert the design constraints into mathematical expressions and consider them in the optimization process, including dimensional limits: lmin ≤ l ≤ lmax, wmin ≤ w ≤ wmax, hmin ≤ h ≤ hmax; load-bearing capacity: σ ≤ σ`, where σ is the stress and σ` is the allowable stress.

[0019] Step 4-5: Select an optimization algorithm and use the Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO) algorithm for solution. The Particle Swarm Optimization algorithm is an optimization method based on swarm intelligence that finds the optimal solution to a problem by simulating the foraging behavior of a bird flock. The specific solution process is as follows:

[0020] Initialize the particle swarm: Randomly generate a certain number of particles, where each particle represents a possible solution, i.e., a set of dimensions (l, w, h) of the module. Set the initial velocity and position for each particle, and initialize the individual best solution and the global best solution.

[0021] Evaluate the particles: Calculate the fitness value of each particle according to the objective function, where the objective function specifically includes minimizing the material usage Vmin and maximizing the structural stability F / A.

[0022] Update the velocity and position: Update the velocity and position of the particles according to the individual best solution and the global best solution of the particles. In the Particle Swarm Optimization algorithm, the velocity and position update formulas of the particles usually include an inertia term, an individual cognitive term, and a social cognitive term, which represent the tendency of the particle to maintain its current velocity, the tendency to move towards its own historical best position, and the tendency to move towards the group historical best position, respectively.

[0023] Boundary handling: Ensure that the updated particle positions are within the set constraint range (lmin ≤ l ≤ lmax, wmin ≤ w ≤ wmax, hmin ≤ h ≤ hmax).

[0024] Iterative optimization: Repeat the process of evaluating the particles, updating the velocity and position until the preset number of iterations is reached or other stopping conditions are met. In each iteration, update the global best solution and record the change of the best solution.

[0025] Convergence judgment: Judge whether the algorithm converges according to the change of the best solution. If the best solution changes little or no longer changes in consecutive multiple iterations, it is considered that the algorithm has converged.

[0026] Step 4-6: Verification and adjustment: Verify the model according to the actual construction conditions and test results. If the verification results do not meet the expectations, necessary adjustments need to be made to the model and the optimization calculation needs to be carried out again.

[0027] Step 5: Hierarchical filling: Set up temporary hierarchical facilities and fill the iron tailings into different types of modules according to their sizes.

[0028] Step 6, Modular Laminating Technique: Use modules of different sizes for lamination. Larger particle modules are used at the bottom layer to provide good drainage performance, and smaller particle modules are used at the upper layer to improve stability;

[0029] Step 7, Combination of Modular and Traditional Methods: Fill and compact the screened iron tailings between or around the modules to ensure the overall structural stability and uniformity;

[0030] Step 8, The detailed steps for installing the drainage device for the iron tailings powder subgrade filling construction are as follows:

[0031] Step 8-1, Prepare each component of the drainage device;

[0032] Step 8-2, Determine the hanging position of the drainage end at the top side of the subgrade slope and firmly install it using fasteners;

[0033] Step 8-3, Place the positioning frame of the diversion component on the subgrade slope surface and adjust the angle to adapt to the terrain;

[0034] Step 8-4, Connect multiple diversion components to the positioning frame in sequence, ensuring tight connection without gaps;

[0035] Step 8-5, Connect the drainage end and the diversion component using a flexible connection method, ensuring a firm connection and adjustable angle;

[0036] Step 8-6, As the construction progresses, gradually increase the number of diversion components and embed them into the subgrade slope surface by their own weight;

[0037] Step 8-7, According to the weather conditions and construction stages, adjust the inflation and deflation of the airbag to control the elastic deformation of the arc surface of the arc-shaped diversion trough to adapt to different water flow conditions;

[0038] Step 9, After the construction is completed, inspect and maintain the drainage device to ensure its normal operation, and make necessary adjustments or replacements as needed; if necessary, the drainage device can also be removed from the subgrade slope.

[0039] Advantages of the present invention:

[0040] Through the precisely controlled diversion component and arc-shaped diversion trough, the water flow is effectively guided to drain smoothly, reducing the erosion and damage to the subgrade. At the same time, a micro hydropower turbine is set up, which can convert the kinetic energy of the water flow into electrical energy to achieve the recycling of energy. Moreover, due to the shrinkable elasticity of the arc-shaped diversion trough, the width of the drainage ditch can be adjusted according to the flow rate to optimize the drainage efficiency. The electric heating wire set inside the drainage end can prevent water accumulation and corrosion, and the design of the filter plate can reduce the possibility of blockage. The design of the device is convenient for installation and maintenance, with the characteristics of environmental protection and energy conservation, and can improve the construction safety;

[0041] Through modular design and stacking technology, the uniform distribution of iron tailings is ensured, thereby improving the overall stability of the roadbed. At the same time, the particle swarm optimization algorithm (PSO) is used to determine the optimal size of the module, minimizing the material usage while ensuring structural stability. Moreover, the combination of hierarchical filling technology and modular stacking technology improves the construction efficiency and shortens the construction period. Iron tailings are also used as fillers during construction, reducing the environmental impact and realizing the resource utilization of waste. This not only improves the construction quality of the roadbed but also enhances the construction efficiency and environmental benefits. Brief Description of the Drawings

[0042] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the following will briefly introduce the drawings required for use in the description of the embodiments or the prior art. Obviously, the following-described drawings are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those of ordinary skill in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative efforts.

[0043] Figure 1 It is a schematic structural diagram of the present invention;

[0044] Figure 2 It is a schematic structural diagram of the flow guide member of the present invention;

[0045] Figure 3 It is of the present invention Figure 2 isometric structural diagram;

[0046] Figure 4 It is of the present invention Figure 2 cross-sectional structural diagram;

[0047] Figure 5 It is a schematic structural diagram of the positioning frame of the present invention;

[0048] Figure 6 It is a schematic structural diagram of the drainage end of the present invention;

[0049] Figure 7 It is of the present invention Figure 6 cross-sectional structural diagram;

[0050] Figure 8 It is a cross-sectional structural diagram of the construction method of the present invention.

[0051] In the figure: drainage end 1, flow guide assembly 2, roadbed 3, arc-shaped flow guide groove 4, micro water turbine 5, adjustment positioning frame 6, positioning block 7, convex magnet block 8, limiting groove 9, magnetic induction coil 10, battery pack 11, airbag 12, air nozzle 13, air outlet pipe 14, air needle 15, fixing plate 16, inflation device 17, water inlet tank 18, heating wire 19, filter plate 20, metal plate 21. Detailed implementation manners

[0052] The following will clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all the embodiments. All other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art based on the embodiments of the present invention without creative efforts shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

[0053] As Figures 1-8 shown, a drainage device for subgrade filling construction of iron tailings powder includes a drainage end 1 and a diversion assembly 2. The drainage end 1 is suspended and clamped on the side of the top of the slope of the subgrade 3, and the input end of the drainage end 1 is arranged on the top surface of the subgrade 3. The drainage end 1 is flexibly connected to the diversion assembly 2, and the angle between the drainage end 1 and the diversion assembly 2 is adjustable. The diversion assembly 2 is positioned on the slope surface of the subgrade 3 by self-weight embedding. The diversion assembly includes a positioning frame and a plurality of diversion members, and the plurality of diversion members are sequentially spliced and slidably embedded into the positioning frame

[0054] Specifically, through the combined use of the drainage end 1 and the diversion assembly 2, the effective guidance and discharge of the water on the top surface of the subgrade 3 are realized. The drainage end 1 is suspended on the side of the top of the slope of the subgrade 3, and its input end is located on the top surface of the subgrade 3, which is used to collect the moisture on the surface of the subgrade 3. The drainage end 1 is connected to the diversion assembly 2 in a flexible connection manner, so that the angle between the two can be adjusted to adapt to different terrains and drainage requirements. The diversion assembly 2 is composed of a positioning frame and a plurality of splicable diversion members. The diversion members are sequentially spliced and slidably embedded into the positioning frame, and are fixed on the slope surface of the subgrade 3 by self-weight embedding, so as to guide the water flow to smoothly drain along the slope of the subgrade 3 and prevent the water from eroding and damaging the subgrade 3.

[0055] The diversion member includes an arc-shaped diversion groove 4. A positioning block 7 is integrally formed on the bottom surface of the arc-shaped diversion groove 4. The cross-section of the positioning block 7 is triangular. A micro water turbine 5 is arranged inside the arc surface of the arc-shaped diversion groove 4. The top of the micro water turbine 5 is fixed on an adjustment positioning frame 6, and the adjustment positioning frame 6 is fixed on the top surface of the arc-shaped diversion groove 4, and the adjustment positioning frame 6 drives to adjust the distance between the micro water turbine 5 and the inner arc surface of the arc-shaped diversion groove 4;

[0056] The adjustment positioning frame 6 includes a connecting frame, a connecting rod and a fixing frame. The connecting frame is fixed on the top of the micro water turbine 5. The top of the connecting frame is fixedly penetrated with a connecting rod, and both ends of the connecting rod respectively pass through the key-shaped through holes on the fixing frame and are screwed with locking nuts. The fixing frame is fixed on the arc-shaped diversion groove 4;

[0057] Specifically, a positioning block 7 is integrally formed on the bottom surface of the arc-shaped diversion channel 4. The cross-sectional shape of the positioning block 7 is triangular. It can be positioned on the slope surface of the roadbed 3 by using gravity. A micro water turbine 5 is installed inside the arc surface of the arc-shaped diversion channel 4. The distance between the micro water turbine 5 and the inner arc surface of the arc-shaped diversion channel 4 is driven and adjusted by using the adjusting positioning frame 6 to precisely adjust the position of the water turbine to adapt to different hydrodynamic conditions, thereby optimizing the energy conversion efficiency. At the same time, energy conversion can be achieved, a certain amount of energy can be collected and reused.

[0058] On one side bottom of the arc-shaped diversion channel 4, convex magnet blocks 8 are symmetrically fixed. On the other side corresponding to the convex magnet blocks 8, a limiting groove 9 is fixedly arranged, and an iron plate is pasted on the inner side surface of the limiting groove 9;

[0059] Specifically, it can facilitate the splicing of multiple arc-shaped diversion channels 4 with each other. The convex magnet blocks 8 can be inserted into the limiting groove 9 to generate a force with the iron plate pasted on the inner side surface of the limiting groove 9, forming a positioning and fixing effect.

[0060] The inside of the arc-shaped diversion channel 4 is arranged in a honeycomb shape. A magnetic induction coil 10 is fixedly arranged inside the arc-shaped diversion channel 4. A battery pack 11 fixed to the arc-shaped diversion channel 4 is arranged at the lower end of the magnetic induction coil 10. The magnetic induction coil 10 is electrically connected to the battery pack 11. The magnetic induction coil 10 is arranged at the lowest end of the arc surface of the arc-shaped diversion channel 4;

[0061] Specifically, the inside of the arc-shaped diversion channel 4 adopts a honeycomb structure to realize the support of the overall structure, and at the same time reduce the gravity of the overall structure, which is convenient for transportation and installation. A magnetic induction coil 10 is fixedly installed inside the arc-shaped diversion channel 4. The magnetic induction coil 10 is located at the lowest end of the arc surface. The electromagnetic field is generated by using the electric energy provided by the battery pack 11, which affects the charged particles in the water flow, applies a force to the charged particles, and indirectly pushes the water flow to accelerate the flow speed.

[0062] The arc surface of the arc-shaped diversion channel 4 has shrinkage elasticity. The surface of its arc surface adopts geotextile, which is fixed on the rubber plate. Inside the arc-shaped diversion channel 4, air bags 12 are symmetrically fixed. One side of the air bag 12 is fixed with an air nozzle 13. The air nozzle 13 passes through the arc-shaped diversion channel 4 and is on the same side of the arc-shaped diversion channel 4 as the limiting groove 9. An air outlet pipe 14 is fixedly connected to the air bag 12. The air outlet pipe 14 passes through the arc-shaped diversion channel 4 and is fixed with a valve. The two air bags 12 are arranged on both sides of the magnetic induction coil 10 and are attached to the lower end of the arc surface of the arc-shaped diversion channel 4. An air needle 15 is arranged on the other side of the arc-shaped diversion channel 4 opposite to the air nozzle 13, and one end of the air needle 15 extends into the arc-shaped diversion channel 4 and is fixedly connected to the air bag 12;

[0063] Specifically, the inflation and deflation are used to control the expansion and contraction of the airbag 12, thereby regulating the elastic deformation of the arc-shaped surface of the arc-shaped diversion groove 4. When the airbag 12 is inflated and deflated, the arc-shaped surface generates a contraction elastic deformation, changing the flow cross-section and controlling the water flow rate. When the flow rate is large, the width of the drainage ditch can be enlarged to accommodate more water; when the flow rate is small, the width can be reduced to increase the water flow speed. At the same time, by controlling the expansion and contraction of the airbag 12, an appropriate water flow speed can be maintained, avoiding sediment accumulation and blockage on the arc-shaped diversion groove 4 caused by too slow water flow. And in the case of construction during the rainy season or heavy rain, the airbag 12 can be contracted to expand the capacity of the drainage ditch to cope with the increased water volume, while in the case of construction during the dry season, the airbag 12 can be inflated to accelerate the water flow.

[0064] The airbag 12 controls the gas discharge through the air outlet pipe 14 and the valve, achieving precise control of the elasticity of the arc-shaped surface. The air nozzle 13 and the air needle 15 are used for inflation and deflation.

[0065] The positioning frame includes a fixed plate 16 and a limiting component. The limiting component is fixed on both sides of the fixed plate 16. A plurality of arc-shaped diversion grooves 4 can be sequentially and slidably spliced within the limiting component. And an inflation device 17 (an inflation device of the prior art, such as an air pump, an inflator, an electric inflator, etc.) is fixed on the fixed plate 16. The output end of the inflation device is inserted into the air nozzle 13.

[0066] The limiting component includes two parallel limiting members. Each limiting member includes a plurality of limiting plates. And a sliding groove is fixed on the inner side surface of the limiting plate. A sliding plate is fitted and slid within the sliding groove. The sliding plate is fixed to the bottom side of the arc-shaped diversion groove 4. The plurality of limiting plates are sequentially and staggeredly hinged to form a folding plate. Auxiliary positioning plates are fixed to the bottom surface and the top surface of the limiting plate respectively. The cross-section of the auxiliary positioning plate is triangular, and the length of the limiting plate is greater than the length of the arc-shaped diversion groove 4.

[0067] Specifically, through the combined use of the fixed plate and the limiting component, the positioning and splicing of a plurality of arc-shaped diversion grooves are realized. An inflation device is fixed on the fixed plate. The output end of the inflation device is inserted into the air nozzle for inflating the arc-shaped diversion groove. At the same time, the limiting component can prevent the diversion groove from shifting or deforming during use, and it is more convenient to use according to the number of arc-shaped diversion grooves added on-site and the number of opened limiting plates.

[0068] The drainage end 1 includes a water inlet groove 18. An electric heating wire 19 is fixed within the water inlet groove 18, and the electric heating wire 19 transfers heat to the bottom surface of the water inlet groove 18. The electric heating wire 19 is electrically connected to a battery pack, and the battery pack is fixed to the side of the water inlet groove 18. A waterproof cover is covered on the battery pack.

[0069] On the side of the water inlet tank 18, a filter plate 20 is fixedly connected through a metal plate 21, and the metal plate 21 is deformable. A connecting groove is fixed on the side of the filter plate 20, and a convex magnet block 8 is inserted into the connecting groove.

[0070] Specifically, during the drainage process, the heating wire 19 starts to heat under the power supply of the battery pack, transfers the heat to the bottom surface of the water inlet tank 18, and evaporates a certain amount of water around the water inlet tank 18 to prevent corrosion of the water inlet tank 18. At the same time, when the water flow passes through the filter plate 20, a certain filtering effect on the water flow can be achieved. Since the metal plate 21 is deformable, it can adjust the angle of the water inlet tank 18 according to needs, so as to be suitable for construction under different on-site conditions.

[0071] The construction method for filling the roadbed with iron tailings powder is as follows:

[0072] Step 1, Construction preparation - Site cleaning: First, it is necessary to thoroughly remove the plant roots and unsuitable materials within the roadbed range to ensure the smooth progress of the compaction work before filling. This step is the basis for ensuring the quality of the roadbed and needs to be carried out carefully to avoid troubles in subsequent construction.

[0073] Step 2, Measuring and setting out: Next, according to the designed width and slope gradient, the bottom slope toe line of the roadbed is set out. This process requires precise measurement to ensure that the compaction degree at the edge of the embankment meets the specification requirements, thus ensuring the stability and safety of the roadbed.

[0074] Step 3, Test preparation: Before filling, it is necessary to take samples of the original ground soil for particle analysis, liquid limit, plastic limit, soil compaction test, and strength test (CBR value) of the iron tailings powder. The results of these tests will provide important reference data for subsequent construction to ensure the construction quality.

[0075] Step 4, Modular design: Optimize the size and shape of the module according to the particle size of the iron tailings to ensure the uniform distribution of the iron tailings. This process includes the following sub - steps:

[0076] Step 4 - 1, Determination of the optimal size of the module: Through scientific calculation and tests, determine the best size of the module to meet the construction requirements and performance requirements.

[0077] Step 4 - 2, Establishing a mathematical model: Use the calculation formulas for volume and surface area to evaluate the physical properties of the module. The volume formula is: V = l×w×h, where l, w, and h are the length, width, and height of the module respectively; the surface area formula is: A = 2(lw + lh + wh), which is used to evaluate the surface area of the module.

[0078] Step 4-3, determine the optimization objective function: Adopt the method of minimizing the material usage while ensuring the structural stability. Minimizing the material usage is: Vmin, ensuring the structural stability is: (F / A)max, where F is the force acting on the module.

[0079] Step 4-4, transform the design constraints into mathematical expressions and consider them in the optimization process. Include size limitations: lmin ≤ l ≤ lmax, wmin ≤ w ≤ wmax, hmin ≤ h ≤ hmax; bearing capacity: σ ≤ σ`, where σ is the stress and σ` is the allowable stress.

[0080] Step 4-5, select the optimization algorithm: Use the Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO) algorithm for solving. The Particle Swarm Optimization algorithm is an optimization method based on swarm intelligence, which finds the optimal solution to the problem by simulating the foraging behavior of bird flocks. The specific solving process is as follows:

[0081] Initialize the particle swarm: Randomly generate a certain number of particles, and each particle represents a possible solution, that is, a set of dimensions (l, w, h) of the module. Set the initial velocity and position for each particle, and initialize the individual optimal solution and the global optimal solution.

[0082] Evaluate the particles: Calculate the fitness value of each particle according to the objective function, and the objective function specifically includes minimizing the material usage Vmin and maximizing the structural stability F / A.

[0083] Update the velocity and position: Update the velocity and position of the particles according to the individual optimal solution and the global optimal solution of the particles. In the Particle Swarm Optimization algorithm, the velocity and position update formulas of the particles usually include an inertia term, an individual cognitive term, and a social cognitive term, which represent the tendency of the particle to maintain the current velocity, the tendency to move towards its own historical optimal position, and the tendency to move towards the group historical optimal position respectively.

[0084] Boundary handling: Ensure that the updated particle positions are within the set constraint range (lmin ≤ l ≤ lmax, wmin ≤ w ≤ wmax, hmin ≤ h ≤ hmax).

[0085] Iterative optimization: Repeat the process of evaluating the particles, updating the velocity and position until the preset number of iterations is reached or other stopping conditions are met. In each iteration, update the global optimal solution and record the change of the optimal solution.

[0086] Convergence judgment: Judge whether the algorithm converges according to the change of the optimal solution. If the optimal solution changes very little or no longer changes in consecutive multiple iterations, it is considered that the algorithm has converged.

[0087] Steps 4 - 6, Verification and Adjustment: Verify the model according to the actual construction conditions and test results. If the verification results do not meet the expectations, necessary adjustments need to be made to the model and the optimization calculation should be carried out again.

[0088] Step 5, Graded Filling: Set up temporary grading facilities and fill the iron tailings into different types of modules according to their sizes. This process requires precise control to ensure the uniform distribution of the iron tailings and the stability of the modules.

[0089] Step 6, Modular Laminating Technology: Stack modules of different sizes. Use larger - particle modules at the bottom to provide good drainage performance and smaller - particle modules at the top to improve stability. The application of this technology can significantly improve the overall performance and durability of the roadbed.

[0090] Step 7, Combination of Modular and Traditional Methods: Fill and compact the screened iron tailings between or around the modules to ensure the overall structural stability and uniformity. This process requires careful operation to ensure the construction quality.

[0091] Step 8, Install the drainage device. The detailed steps are as follows:

[0092] Step 8 - 1, Prepare each component of the drainage device: First, all components of the drainage device need to be prepared to ensure they are in good working condition.

[0093] Step 8 - 2, Determine the hanging position of Drainage End 1 at the top side of the roadbed slope and firmly install it using fasteners: This process requires precise measurement and positioning to ensure the normal operation of the drainage device.

[0094] Step 8 - 3, Place the positioning frame of the diversion component 2 on the roadbed slope surface and adjust the angle to adapt to the terrain: The correct installation of the diversion component is crucial for the performance of the drainage device.

[0095] Step 8 - 4, Connect multiple diversion parts to the positioning frame in sequence, ensuring tight connection without gaps: This process requires careful operation to ensure the firm connection between the diversion parts.

[0096] Step 8 - 5, Connect Drainage End 1 and the diversion component 2 using a flexible connection method, ensuring a firm connection and adjustable angle: The flexible connection method can provide certain flexibility to adapt to different construction conditions.

[0097] Step 8 - 6, As the construction progresses, gradually increase the number of diversion components 2 and embed them into the roadbed slope surface by their own weight: This process needs to be adjusted according to the actual situation to ensure that the drainage device can adapt to different construction stages.

[0098] Step 8-7: Adjust the inflation and deflation of the airbag 12 according to the weather conditions and construction stages to control the elastic deformation of the arc surface of the arc-shaped diversion channel 4 and adapt to different water flow conditions. The adjustment of the airbag is crucial for the performance of the drainage device and needs to be precisely controlled according to the actual situation.

[0099] Step 9: After the construction is completed, inspect and maintain the drainage device to ensure its normal operation, and make necessary adjustments or replacements as needed. If necessary, the drainage device can also be removed from the roadbed slope. This process is a key step to ensure the long-term stable operation of the drainage device.

[0100] The above are only the preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent replacements, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present invention shall be included within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A drainage device for iron tailings powder roadbed filling construction, characterized in that: The utility model comprises a drainage end and a guide assembly, wherein the drainage end is suspended and clamped on the top side of the slope of the roadbed, and the input end of the drainage end is arranged on the top surface of the roadbed, and the drainage end is softly connected to the guide assembly, and the angle between the drainage end and the guide assembly is adjustable, and the guide assembly is positioned on the slope surface of the roadbed by embedding by self-weight, and the guide assembly comprises a positioning frame and a plurality of guide members, and the plurality of guide members can be spliced ​​in sequence and slidably embedded in the positioning frame, and the guide member comprises an arc-shaped guide groove, and the bottom surface of the arc-shaped guide groove is provided with an integrally formed positioning block, and the positioning block The cross section is triangular, a micro-hydraulic turbine is arranged in the arc surface of the arc guide groove, the top of the micro-hydraulic turbine is fixed on the adjustment positioning frame, the adjustment positioning frame is fixed on the top surface of the arc guide groove, and the adjustment positioning frame drives to adjust the distance between the micro-hydraulic turbine and the arc surface in the arc guide groove, the adjustment positioning frame includes a connecting frame, a connecting rod and a fixing frame, the connecting frame is fixed on the top of the micro-hydraulic turbine, the top of the connecting frame is fixed with a connecting rod, and the two ends of the connecting rod respectively pass through the key-shaped through holes on the fixing frame and are screwed with the locking nut, the fixing frame is fixed on the arc The arc-shaped guide groove is provided with a convex magnet block symmetrically fixed at the bottom of one side of the arc-shaped guide groove, and a limiting groove is fixedly provided on the other side corresponding to the convex magnet block, and an iron plate is attached to the inner side of the limiting groove. The arc-shaped guide groove adopts a honeycomb arrangement, and a magnetic induction coil is fixedly provided in the arc-shaped guide groove. A battery pack fixed to the arc-shaped guide groove is arranged at the lower end of the magnetic induction coil, and the magnetic induction coil is electrically connected to the battery pack. The magnetic induction coil is arranged at the lowest end of the arc-shaped surface of the arc-shaped guide groove, and the arc-shaped surface of the arc-shaped guide groove has contraction elasticity, and the surface of the arc-shaped surface adopts soil The geotextile is fixed on a rubber plate, and airbags are symmetrically fixed in the arc-shaped guide groove, and an air nozzle is fixed on one side of the airbag, and the air nozzle passes through the arc-shaped guide groove and is arranged on the same side of the arc-shaped guide groove as the limiting groove, and an air outlet pipe is fixedly connected to the airbag, and the air outlet pipe passes through the arc-shaped guide groove and is fixed with a valve, two airbags are arranged on both sides of the magnetic induction coil, and are fitted at the lower end of the arc-shaped surface of the arc-shaped guide groove, and an air needle is arranged on the other side of the arc-shaped guide groove opposite to the air nozzle, and one end of the air needle extends into the arc-shaped guide groove and is fixedly connected with the airbag.

2. The drainage device for iron tailings powder roadbed filling construction according to claim 1, characterized in that: The positioning frame includes a fixed plate and a limit assembly, the limit assemblies are fixed on both sides of the fixed plate, a plurality of arc guide grooves are slidably spliced ​​in sequence in the limit assembly, and an inflation device is fixed on the fixed plate, and the output end of the inflation device is inserted into the air nozzle.

3. The drainage device for iron tailings powder roadbed filling construction according to claim 2, characterized in that: The limiting assembly includes two limiting members arranged in parallel, the limiting members include multiple limiting plates, and a slide groove is fixed on the inner side of the limiting plate, a sliding plate is fitted and slid in the slide groove, and the sliding plate is fixed to the bottom of the side of the arc guide groove. Multiple limiting plates are hinged in sequence to form a folding plate, and auxiliary positioning plates are respectively fixed on the bottom and top surfaces of the limiting plate. The cross-section of the auxiliary positioning plate is triangular, and the length of the limiting plate is greater than the length of the arc guide groove.

4. The drainage device for iron tailings powder roadbed filling construction according to claim 3 is characterized in that: The drainage end includes a water inlet trough, in which a heating wire is fixed, and the heating wire transfers heat to the bottom surface of the water inlet trough, the heating wire is electrically connected to a battery pack, and the battery pack is fixed on the side of the water inlet trough, and the battery pack is covered with a waterproof cover.

5. The drainage device for iron tailings powder roadbed filling construction according to claim 4 is characterized in that: The side end of the water inlet trough is fixedly connected with a filter plate through a metal plate, and the metal plate is deformable. A connecting groove is fixed on the side of the filter plate, and a convex magnet block is inserted into the connecting groove.

6. Iron tailings powder roadbed filling construction method, characterized by: The steps are as follows: Step 1: Site cleaning for construction preparation: remove plant roots and unsuitable materials within the roadbed range and perform compaction before filling; Step 2, measurement and setting out: according to the designed width and slope gradient, the toe line of the roadbed is laid out to ensure that the compaction degree of the embankment edge meets the specification requirements; Step 3, test preparation: sampling the original ground soil, conducting particle analysis, liquid limit, plastic limit, soil compaction test and iron tailings powder strength test; Step 4, modular design: optimize the module size and shape according to the particle size of iron tailings to ensure uniform distribution of iron tailings; Step 4-1, determination of the optimal size of the module; Step 4-2, establish a mathematical model and use the volume and surface area calculation formulas to evaluate the physical characteristics of the module: volume formula: V=l×w×h, where l, w, h are the length, width and height of the module respectively; surface area formula: A=2(lw+lh+wh), used to evaluate the surface area of ​​the module; Step 4-3, determine the optimization objective function, and adopt the method of minimizing the material usage while ensuring the structural stability: minimize the material usage: Vmin, ensure the structural stability: (F / A)max, where F is the force acting on the module; Step 4-4, convert the design constraints into mathematical expressions and consider them in the optimization process, including size restrictions: lmin≤l≤lmax, wmin≤w≤wmax, hmin≤h≤hmax; load-bearing capacity: σ≤σ`, where σ is stress and σ` is allowable stress; Step 4-5, select the optimization algorithm and use the particle swarm optimization algorithm (PSO) to solve. The particle swarm optimization algorithm is an optimization method based on swarm intelligence. It simulates the foraging behavior of bird flocks to find the optimal solution to the problem. The specific solution process is as follows: Initialize the particle swarm: randomly generate a certain number of particles, each particle represents a possible solution, that is, a set of sizes of the module (l, w, h), set the initial speed and position for each particle, and initialize the individual optimal solution and the global optimal solution. Evaluation of particles: Calculate the fitness value of each particle according to the objective function, which specifically includes minimizing the material usage Vmin and maximizing the structural stability F / A. Update speed and position: Update the speed and position of particles according to their individual optimal solutions and global optimal solutions. In the particle swarm optimization algorithm, the speed and position update formula of particles usually includes inertia terms, individual cognitive terms, and social cognitive terms, which represent the tendency of particles to maintain their current speed, move to their own historical optimal position, and move to the historical optimal position of the group, respectively. Boundary processing: ensure that the updated particle position is within the set constraints (lmin≤l≤lmax, wmin≤w≤wmax, hmin≤h≤hmax), Iterative optimization: Repeat the process of evaluating particles, updating speed and position until the preset number of iterations is reached or other stopping conditions are met. In each iteration, the global optimal solution is updated and the changes in the optimal solution are recorded. Convergence judgment: Determine whether the algorithm has converged based on the change of the optimal solution. If the optimal solution changes very little or no longer changes in multiple consecutive iterations, the algorithm is considered to have converged. Step 4-6, verification and adjustment: Verify the model according to the actual construction conditions and test results. If the verification results do not meet expectations, make necessary adjustments to the model and re-optimize the calculation; Step 5, graded filling: set up temporary grading facilities to grade and fill the iron tailings into different types of modules according to size; Step 6, modular stacking technology: use modules of different sizes for stacking, with larger particle modules used in the bottom layer to provide good drainage performance and smaller particle modules used in the upper layer to improve stability; Step 7, modularization combined with traditional methods: Use screened iron tailings to fill and compact between or around modules to ensure overall structural stability and uniformity; Step 8, according to claim 5, the drainage device for iron tailings powder roadbed filling construction, the detailed steps of installing the drainage device for iron tailings powder roadbed filling construction are as follows: Step 8-1, prepare various components of the drainage device; Step 8-2, determine the hanging position of the drainage end on the top side of the roadbed slope and securely install it using fixings; Step 8-3, placing the positioning frame of the diversion assembly on the roadbed slope surface and adjusting the angle to adapt to the terrain; Step 8-4, splice multiple guide pieces on the positioning frame in sequence to ensure tight connection without gaps; Step 8-5, use a flexible connection to connect the drainage end to the diversion component, ensuring that the connection is firm and the angle is adjustable; Step 8-6: As the construction progresses, gradually increase the number of diversion components and embed them into the roadbed slope surface by their own weight; Step 8-7, according to the weather conditions and the construction stage, the inflation and deflation of the airbag are adjusted to control the elastic deformation of the arc surface of the arc guide groove to adapt to different water flow conditions; Step 9. After construction is completed, inspect and maintain the drainage device to ensure its normal operation and make necessary adjustments or replacements as needed; if necessary, remove the drainage device from the roadbed slope.

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