Reducer assembly with built-in passive locking structure

Abstract

The present invention discloses a reducer assembly with a built-in passive locking structure, relates to the technical field of reducer assemblies, and improves the reducer used in new energy vehicles. The structure is similar to that of a conventional reducer in that a planetary reduction structure is adopted, and based on this, the active gear set therein is further improved. Its essence is that a transmission process between a mating directional rod and an active shaft adopts a combination of paddle shifting and oil pressure, and is mainly used to meet multiple speed adjustment processes during the operation of the reducer. Specifically, there is an indirect transmission method between a movable shaft rod and a mating shaft seat, and normal transmission can be performed between the two using active paddles and passive paddles. However, during multiple speed switching processes, the torque burden generated by the speed change is "actively borne" mainly by changes in oil pressure, thereby forming a "passive locking method" to reduce the workload of the gear structure inside the reducer.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of reducer assemblies, and in particular to a reducer assembly with a built-in passive locking structure. Background Art

[0002] The essence of a reducer is to use the transmission ratio between different gears to reduce the rotational speed. Please refer to the relevant content in the publication number CN111059224A, especially for the reducers used in new energy vehicles. Because the motors in new energy vehicles mainly use permanent magnet synchronous motors, the reducers used in conjunction with them need to meet the characteristics of high efficiency, high torque output capacity, high reliability, and lightweight design.

[0003] The key structure of the reducer lies in the operating state of its internal gear structure, and its speed switching process will indirectly affect the load capacity, structural wear, system stability and other characteristics. Specifically, when the reducer switches from high speed to low speed, there is an "inertia effect" between the gears that maintain high-speed rotation, which will aggravate the wear between the gears in this process; or when switching from low speed to high speed, the torque on the gear transmission rod is increased in a short time, which will also aggravate the damage between the gear structures. Especially for the reducers in new energy vehicles, there is a clear difference from conventional reducers in that the speed between the gears in the reducer needs to be switched synchronously with the driving speed of the vehicle, so the reducers used in new energy vehicles have multiple and repeated speed switching processes.

[0004] To this end, this application proposes a solution. Summary of the invention

[0005] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a reducer assembly with a built-in passive locking structure. For the reducer used in new energy vehicles, because it needs to perform multiple and repeated speed switching processes in accordance with the vehicle's driving speed, including high-low and low-high speed switching modes, the wear state between the gear structures will be aggravated during the switching process, which will directly affect the operating stability and power output capacity of the internal gear structure.

[0006] The object of the present invention can be achieved by the following technical solution: a reducer assembly with a built-in passive locking structure is adopted, comprising a housing, an output shaft assembly and a driving shaft, wherein a driving gear set and a passive gear set corresponding to the driving shaft and the output shaft assembly are arranged inside the housing;

[0007] The driving gear set includes a directional rod, a first gear, a movable shaft and a matching shaft seat, and the passive gear set includes a connecting shaft, a third gear, a second gear, a planetary passive disk and an outer ring gear. The power in the driving shaft is transmitted to the output shaft assembly through the driving gear set and the passive gear set.

[0008] The center points of the driving gear set and the driving shaft are on the same horizontal axis, the matching shaft seat is connected to the driving shaft, the movable shaft rod is connected to the first gear through a directional rod, and the movable shaft rod is located in the internal position of the matching shaft seat, a passive paddle is installed on the outside of the movable shaft rod, an active paddle corresponding to the passive paddle is installed on the inner wall of the matching shaft seat, and a passive pressure ring is installed on the outer wall of the matching shaft seat, a matching pressure ring corresponding to the passive pressure ring is installed on the inner wall of the planetary passive disk, and a pressure relief oil groove is installed on the inner wall of the passive pressure ring, which runs through the inner wall of the matching shaft seat.

[0009] It is further configured as follows: the outer ring gear and the planetary passive disk are rotationally connected inside the shell, the second gear is arranged in a ring array along the first gear and is externally meshed with the first gear, and the center points of the third gear, the connecting shaft, and the second gear are on the same horizontal axis.

[0010] It is further configured as follows: the third gear is internally meshed with the outer ring gear, and the two ends of the connecting shaft are respectively in a rotating state with the output shaft assembly and the planetary passive disk.

[0011] It is further configured as follows: a cover corresponding to the matching shaft seat is provided on the directional rod, the active paddles and the passive paddles are arranged in a circular array along the center point of the movable shaft rod, and the active paddles and the passive paddles are staggered along the array, and the end positions of the active paddles and the passive paddles are matched with the inner wall of the matching shaft seat and the outer wall of the movable shaft rod respectively.

[0012] It is further configured that: the end positions of the active paddle and the passive paddle are both provided with bevel angles, and the bevel angles at the end positions of the active paddle and the passive paddle are combined to form an empty oil tank.

[0013] It is further configured as follows: the setting position of the pressure relief oil groove matches the setting position of the bevel on the active paddle, and the pressure relief oil groove is arranged in mirror symmetry along the position corresponding to the active paddle, and the pressure relief oil groove is arranged in a circular array along the center point of the movable shaft rod.

[0014] It is further configured that: the interior of the passive pressure ring is hollow, and the interior of the passive pressure ring is filled with a liquid medium.

[0015] It is further configured as follows: the outer wall position of the passive pressure ring and the inner wall position of the coordination pressure ring are both in irregular wavy line shapes, and a gap is provided between the outer wall of the passive pressure ring and the inner wall of the coordination pressure ring.

[0016] The present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0017] The reducer in the present invention is basically similar to the conventional structure, and mainly utilizes the planetary gear reduction structure to achieve speed regulation. However, in particular, in view of the use requirements in new energy vehicles, in order to meet the repeated speed adjustment process, the active gear set structure is further improved. Specifically, the directional rod and the active shaft are not directly fixedly connected, but an indirect transmission process is adopted. Its essence is that the passive paddle on the movable shaft rod cooperates with the active paddle on the shaft seat. In the process of adjusting the speed of the active shaft, the transmission mode between the passive paddle and the active paddle changes, thereby avoiding the torque burden caused by multiple speed adjustments in the direct transmission mode.

[0018] In combination with the above content, it is explained again that: in view of the transmission mode between the passive paddle and the active paddle, a matching pressure ring and a passive pressure ring are further added. The essence of this is that the matching pressure ring and the passive pressure ring can rotate in the same direction, but there is an obvious difference in the speed, and the speed difference between the two is relatively constant. Therefore, when the speed is switched multiple times, it is mainly through the degree of deformation of the passive pressure ring actively caused by the matching pressure ring that the oil pressure difference between the active paddle and the passive paddle inside the matching shaft seat is changed. Therefore, during the multiple speed switching process, the torque burden caused by the speed change is "actively borne" mainly through the change in oil pressure, thereby forming a "passive locking method" to reduce the workload of the gear structure inside the reducer. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0019] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the description of the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying creative work.

[0020] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a reducer assembly with a built-in passive locking structure proposed by the present invention;

[0021] Figure 2 The invention proposes a reducer assembly with a built-in passive locking structure. Figure 1 A cross-sectional view of

[0022] Figure 3 The invention proposes a reducer assembly with a built-in passive locking structure. Figure 1 Split diagram of ;

[0023] Figure 4 This is a disassembled diagram of a passive gear set in a speed reducer assembly with a built-in passive locking structure proposed by the present invention;

[0024] Figure 5This is a disassembled diagram of the driving gear set in the reducer assembly with a built-in passive locking structure proposed by the present invention;

[0025] Figure 6 This is a cross-sectional view of the driving gear set in the reducer assembly with a built-in passive locking structure proposed by the present invention.

[0026] In the figure: 1. housing; 2. output shaft assembly; 3. driving shaft; 4. movable shaft; 5. first gear; 6. planetary passive disk; 7. second gear; 8. outer ring gear; 9. third gear; 10. connecting shaft; 11. matching pressure ring; 12. directional rod; 13. passive pressure ring; 14. matching shaft seat; 15. pressure relief oil groove; 16. active paddle; 17. passive paddle. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0027] The technical solution of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the embodiments. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0028] Embodiment 1: For the reducer used in new energy vehicles, because it needs to perform multiple and repeated speed switching processes in accordance with the driving speed of the vehicle, including high-low and low-high speed switching modes, the wear state between the gear structures will be aggravated during the switching process, which directly affects the running stability and power output capacity of the internal gear structure. The following technical solutions are proposed:

[0029] Reference Figures 1 to 6 The reducer assembly with a built-in passive locking structure in this embodiment includes a housing 1, an output shaft assembly 2 and a driving shaft 3. The housing 1 is provided with a driving gear set and a passive gear set corresponding to the driving shaft 3 and the output shaft assembly 2;

[0030] The driving gear set includes a directional rod 12, a first gear 5, a movable shaft rod 4 and a matching shaft seat 14, and the passive gear set includes a connecting shaft rod 10, a third gear 9, a second gear 7, a planetary passive disc 6 and an outer ring gear 8. The power in the driving shaft 3 is transmitted to the output shaft assembly 2 through the driving gear set and the passive gear set.

[0031] The center points of the active gear set and the active shaft 3 are on the same horizontal axis, the matching shaft seat 14 is connected to the active shaft 3, the movable shaft rod 4 is connected to the first gear 5 through the directional rod 12, and the movable shaft rod 4 is located in the internal position of the matching shaft seat 14, a passive paddle 17 is installed on the outside of the movable shaft rod 4, an active paddle 16 corresponding to the passive paddle 17 is installed on the inner wall of the matching shaft seat 14, and a passive pressure ring 13 is installed on the outer wall of the matching shaft seat 14, a matching pressure ring 11 corresponding to the passive pressure ring 13 is installed on the inner wall of the planetary passive disk 6, and a pressure relief oil groove 15 that penetrates to the inner wall of the matching shaft seat 14 is installed on the inner wall of the passive pressure ring 13.

[0032] The outer ring gear 8 and the planetary passive disk 6 are rotationally connected inside the housing 1, the second gear 7 is arranged in a ring array along the first gear 5 and is externally meshed with the first gear 5, the third gear 9, the connecting shaft 10, and the center point of the second gear 7 are on the same horizontal axis, the third gear 9 and the outer ring gear 8 are internally meshed, and the two ends of the connecting shaft 10 are respectively in a rotating state with the output shaft assembly 2 and the planetary passive disk 6.

[0033] Working principle: A simple explanation of the reducer is: the original speed is converted to the set speed through the reduction structure. In this embodiment, the deceleration purpose is mainly achieved through the planetary reduction structure. Figure 2 and Figure 3 For example, the output shaft assembly 2 is connected to the equipment end, and the driving shaft 3 is mainly connected to the power source, and the present invention is mainly used in the motor structure of new energy vehicles. For the car, the speed needs to be switched repeatedly during driving, which can be understood as:

[0034] The driving shaft 3 is installed on the output end of the motor structure, and the output shaft assembly 2 is connected to the working structure of the new energy vehicle. Therefore, when the driving shaft 3 continues to rotate, the transmission ratio is set by the external meshing relationship between the first gear 5 and the second gear 7, and the diameter difference between the first gear 5 and the second gear 7 is further limited. Taking the clockwise rotation of the first gear 5 as an example, the second gear 7 rotates counterclockwise and the speed is lower than the first gear 5, and further through the internal meshing relationship between the third gear 9 and the outer ring gear 8, the outer ring gear 8 rotates counterclockwise, and further through the planetary gear transmission principle, in order to ensure that the output shaft assembly 2 transmits power, it is necessary to ensure that the output shaft assembly 2 rotates clockwise, and the third gear 9 and the second gear 7 revolve around the first gear 5 and rotate synchronously, and the output shaft assembly 2 has the same rotation direction as the driving shaft 3, but the rotation speed of the output shaft assembly 2 is lower than the rotation speed of the driving shaft 3.

[0035] Embodiment 2: The transmission mode between the driving gear sets is described as follows:

[0036] A cover corresponding to the matching shaft seat 14 is provided on the directional rod 12, and the active paddle 16 and the passive paddle 17 are arranged in a circular array along the center point of the movable shaft rod 4, and the active paddle 16 and the passive paddle 17 are staggered along the array, and the end positions of the active paddle 16 and the passive paddle 17 match the inner wall of the matching shaft seat 14 and the outer wall of the movable shaft rod 4 respectively.

[0037] Solution description: Example 1 mainly shows the basic principle of the reducer in the present invention, but the obvious difference from the conventional reducer structure is the structural improvement of the active gear set. It can be understood that the directional rod 12 and the active shaft 3 in the conventional reducer are fixedly installed, but in the present invention, there is an indirect transmission method between the directional rod 12 and the active shaft 3. Figure 5 and Figure 6 It is explained that: when the active shaft 3 drives the mating shaft seat 14 to rotate synchronously clockwise, when the active paddle 16 inside the mating shaft seat 14 moves in the clockwise direction and gradually approaches the passive paddle 17 and provides a clockwise thrust to the passive paddle 17, the movable shaft rod 4 can be driven to rotate clockwise until the mating shaft seat 14 and the movable shaft rod 4 keep rotating at the same speed / in the same direction. This has the following purposes compared with the conventional reducer transmission structure:

[0038] There is a "buffer time" when the active shaft 3 switches the direction, because the active paddle 16 mainly provides a thrust in the clockwise direction to the passive paddle 17. However, when the active shaft 3 switches from clockwise rotation to counterclockwise rotation, the active paddle 16 first stops and then rotates counterclockwise. However, due to the influence of inertia, the movable shaft 4 has a tendency to continue to rotate clockwise until the active paddle 16 provides a thrust in the counterclockwise direction to the passive paddle 17 again, thereby achieving the purpose of switching the direction.

[0039] There is a "giving way protection space" when the speed of the active shaft 3 is switched. On the basis of maintaining the steering, when its speed is switched from high to low, the thrust of the active paddle 16 on the passive paddle 17 is reduced, but the thrust of the active paddle 16 on the passive paddle 17 continues to be maintained for a period of time until the "power" of the passive paddle 17 / active shaft 4 is slowly reduced, until the passive paddle 17 contacts the active paddle 16 again, so that the passive paddle 17 continues to be thrusted by the active paddle 16;

[0040] On the basis of maintaining the steering direction, when the speed of the active shaft 3 is switched from low to high, because the active paddle 16 is still in contact with the passive paddle 17, the thrust borne by the passive paddle 17 increases instantly. In this process, the movable shaft rod 4 instantly generates a large power, and there is an instantaneous relative movement relative to the mating shaft seat 14.

[0041] Embodiment 3: Embodiment 2 is further supplemented with Embodiment 1:

[0042] The setting position of the pressure relief oil groove 15 matches the setting position of the bevel on the active paddle 16, and the pressure relief oil groove 15 is mirror-symmetrically arranged along the position corresponding to the active paddle 16, and the pressure relief oil groove 15 is arranged in a ring array along the center point of the movable shaft 4, the interior of the passive pressure ring 13 is hollow, and the internal position of the passive pressure ring 13 is filled with liquid medium, the outer wall position of the passive pressure ring 13 and the inner wall position of the matching pressure ring 11 are both irregular wavy lines, and a gap is arranged between the outer wall of the passive pressure ring 13 and the inner wall of the matching pressure ring 11.

[0043] Solution Description: Combined with Figure 6 And what is explained in the first embodiment is that: the planetary passive disk 6 therein will perform passive rotation under the action of multiple second gears 7, and the rotation direction of the planetary passive disk 6 is in the same direction as the driving shaft 3, but the rotation speed of the planetary passive disk 6 is lower than the driving shaft 3. What is briefly explained in this regard is that the outer wall position of the passive pressure ring 13 and the inner wall position of the matching pressure ring 11 are both irregular wavy lines, and the purpose is to actively squeeze the passive pressure ring 13 through the matching pressure ring 11, so that the volume of the inner wall space of the passive pressure ring 13 changes, so that a part of the liquid medium inside is squeezed into the internal space of the movable shaft rod 4 and the matching shaft seat 14 again, mainly to make the liquid medium act as a lubricating layer and a buffer layer between the active paddle 16 and the passive paddle 17, specifically in the contact process of the active paddle 16 and the passive paddle 17. When the speed / direction is switched, the liquid medium specifically bears the torque change, thereby reducing the torque workload borne by the internal gear structure;

[0044] It should also be noted that: because the rotation direction of the planetary passive disk 6 is in the same direction as the driving shaft 3 but at different speeds, it can also be understood that relative movement will occur between the matching pressure ring 11 and the passive pressure ring 13. When the speed and direction of the overall reducer have not changed, the degree of extrusion between the matching pressure ring 11 and the passive pressure ring 13 is very small, and it can even be understood that there is no contact between the two because they move in the same direction. However, when the speed and direction of the overall reducer change, the relative movement of the two is further "increased", thereby causing the passive pressure ring 13 to be squeezed and deformed more, and increasing the amount of liquid medium squeezed into the internal space of the movable shaft rod 4 and the matching shaft seat 14. The essence of this is: the overall device does not directly lock the gear structure inside the housing 1, but cooperates with the speed / direction switching process to protect and buffer the gears in the active gear set. Two locking methods.

[0045] In summary: the reducer used in new energy vehicles is improved. The structure is similar to that of conventional reducers in that a planetary reduction structure is adopted, and on this basis, the active gear set is further improved. Its essence is that the transmission process between the mating directional rod and the active shaft adopts a combination of paddle shifting and oil pressure, which is mainly used to meet the multiple speed adjustment processes during the operation of the reducer. Specifically, there is an indirect transmission method between the movable shaft rod and the mating shaft seat, and the two can be normally transmitted using active paddles and passive paddles. However, during multiple speed switching processes, the torque burden generated by the speed change is "actively borne" by the oil pressure change, forming a "passive locking method" to reduce the workload of the internal gear structure of the reducer.

[0046] The above contents are merely examples and explanations of the structure of the present invention. The technicians in this technical field may make various modifications or additions to the specific embodiments described or replace them in a similar manner. As long as they do not deviate from the structure of the invention or exceed the scope defined by the claims, they should all fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

[0047] In the description of this specification, the description with reference to the terms "one embodiment", "example", "specific example", etc. means that the specific features, structures, materials or characteristics described in conjunction with the embodiment or example are included in at least one embodiment or example of the present invention. In this specification, the schematic representation of the above terms does not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Moreover, the specific features, structures, materials or characteristics described can be combined in any one or more embodiments or examples in a suitable manner.

[0048] The preferred embodiments of the present invention disclosed above are only used to help explain the present invention. The preferred embodiments do not describe all the details in detail, nor do they limit the invention to only specific implementation methods. Obviously, many modifications and changes can be made according to the content of this specification. This specification selects and specifically describes these embodiments in order to better explain the principles and practical applications of the present invention, so that those skilled in the art can understand and use the present invention well. The present invention is limited only by the claims and their full scope and equivalents.

Claims

1. A reducer assembly with a built-in passive locking structure includes a housing, an output shaft assembly and a driving shaft, characterized in that: The housing is provided with a driving gear set and a driven gear set corresponding to the driving shaft and the output shaft assembly; The driving gear set includes a directional rod, a first gear, a movable shaft and a matching shaft seat, and the passive gear set includes a connecting shaft, a third gear, a second gear, a planetary passive disk and an outer ring gear. The power in the driving shaft is transmitted to the output shaft assembly through the driving gear set and the passive gear set. The center points of the driving gear set and the driving shaft are on the same horizontal axis, the matching shaft seat is connected to the driving shaft, the movable shaft rod is connected to the first gear through a directional rod, and the movable shaft rod is located in the inner position of the matching shaft seat, a passive paddle is installed on the outside of the movable shaft rod, an active paddle corresponding to the passive paddle is installed on the inner wall of the matching shaft seat, and a passive pressure ring is installed on the outer wall of the matching shaft seat, a matching pressure ring corresponding to the passive pressure ring is installed on the inner wall of the planetary passive disk, and the passive pressure ring A pressure relief oil groove is installed on the inner wall and penetrates to the inner wall of the mating shaft seat. The interior of the passive pressure ring is hollow and filled with liquid medium. The outer wall of the passive pressure ring and the inner wall of the matching pressure ring are both irregular wavy lines, and a gap is provided between the outer wall of the passive pressure ring and the inner wall of the matching pressure ring. The matching pressure ring actively squeezes the passive pressure ring so that the liquid medium inside the passive pressure ring is squeezed into the internal space of the movable shaft rod and the mating shaft seat, and the liquid medium bears the torque change during the speed or steering switch.

2. The reducer assembly with a built-in passive locking structure according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The second gear is arranged in a circular array along the first gear and is externally meshed with the first gear. The center points of the third gear, the connecting shaft and the second gear are on the same horizontal axis.

3. The reducer assembly with a built-in passive locking structure according to claim 2 is characterized in that: The third gear is internally meshed with the outer ring gear, and the two ends of the connecting shaft are respectively in a rotating state with the output shaft assembly and the planetary passive disk.

4. The reducer assembly with a built-in passive locking structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The directional rod is provided with a cover corresponding to the matching shaft seat, the active paddles and the passive paddles are arranged in a circular array along the center point of the movable shaft rod, and the active paddles and the passive paddles are staggered along the array, and the end positions of the active paddles and the passive paddles are matched with the inner wall of the matching shaft seat and the outer wall of the movable shaft rod respectively.

5. The reducer assembly with a built-in passive locking structure according to claim 4 is characterized in that: The end positions of the active paddle and the passive paddle are both provided with bevel angles, and the bevel angles at the end positions of the active paddle and the passive paddle are combined to form an empty oil tank.

6. The reducer assembly with a built-in passive locking structure according to claim 5, characterized in that: The setting position of the pressure relief oil groove matches the setting position of the bevel on the active paddle, and the pressure relief oil groove is arranged in mirror symmetry along the position corresponding to the active paddle, and the pressure relief oil groove is arranged in a ring array along the center point of the movable shaft.

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