Loading and unloading devices and testing equipment for circuit boards

Abstract

The present invention discloses a loading and unloading device and a detection device for a circuit board. The loading and unloading device includes a carrier, and the carrier includes a base plate. A positioning mechanism, a connecting mechanism and a clamping mechanism are arranged on the base plate. The positioning mechanism is used to carry the circuit board. The connecting mechanism includes a first plug and a plurality of test blocks. The test blocks are provided with probes connected to the circuit board, and all the probes are connected to the first plug through signal lines. The clamping mechanism includes a gland and a positioning assembly. One end of the gland is hinged to the base plate through a hinge seat, and the other end of the gland is plugged into the positioning assembly. A conveyor line is used to convey the carrier, and the conveyor line includes a loading station and an unloading station along the conveying direction. Two flap mechanisms are arranged, which are respectively located at the loading station and the unloading station, and the flap mechanism is used to open and close the gland. The device realizes automatic loading and unloading of the circuit board, and the carrier provides stable support for the circuit board, thereby improving the accuracy of the circuit board function test.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of circuit board function detection equipment, and in particular to a loading and unloading device and detection equipment for circuit boards. Background Art

[0002] After the production of the circuit board is completed, it is necessary to perform functional testing. In some testing processes, it is necessary to simulate the use environment of the circuit board. Therefore, the circuit board needs to be placed in a temperature control box and perform functional testing in a high temperature environment. The control cabinet outside the temperature control box communicates with the circuit board to exchange data and complete the functional testing of the circuit board. There are many connectors and pins on the circuit board, but each connector and pin needs to be connected. The control cabinet and all connectors and pins on the circuit board are connected in sequence, which will obviously increase or decrease the workload. Therefore, the circuit board is generally placed on a carrier, and the control cabinet is connected to the circuit board through the carrier.

[0003] Circuit boards are usually placed on a carrier manually, and then placed in a temperature-controlled box manually, which greatly reduces work efficiency. Even with some automatic circuit board loading and unloading devices, the circuit boards may be offset during the loading process and misaligned with the carrier due to unreasonable carrier design, affecting the final inspection effect. Summary of the invention

[0004] In order to overcome the above shortcomings, the purpose of the present invention is to provide a loading and unloading device and a detection equipment for circuit boards, which can realize automatic loading and unloading of circuit boards, and the carrier provides stable support for the circuit boards, thereby improving the accuracy of circuit board function testing.

[0005] In order to achieve the above purpose, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is: a loading and unloading device for a circuit board, comprising:

[0006] The carrier comprises a bottom plate, a positioning mechanism, a connecting mechanism and a clamping mechanism are arranged on the bottom plate, the positioning mechanism is used to carry the circuit board, the connecting mechanism comprises a first plug and a plurality of test blocks, the test blocks are provided with probes contacting the connectors and pins on the circuit board, all the probes are connected to the first plug through signal lines, the clamping mechanism comprises a gland and a positioning assembly, one end of the gland in the second direction is hinged to the bottom plate through a hinge seat, the other end of the gland in the second direction is plugged into the positioning assembly, and the positioning assembly comprises a plug rod that can be plugged into the gland;

[0007] A conveyor line, the conveyor line extends along a first direction and conveys the carrier, and the conveyor line includes a loading station and an unloading station along the conveying direction;

[0008] There are two flip-cover mechanisms, which are located at the loading station and the unloading station respectively. Each flip-cover mechanism includes a flip assembly and a push-pull assembly. The flip assembly is located on the side of the second direction of the conveyor line close to the hinge seat. The flip assembly is used to flip the cover. The push-pull assembly is arranged on the other side of the second direction of the conveyor line. The push-pull assembly is used to pull the insertion rod to move along its own axis.

[0009] The beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0010] The carrier can place the circuit board. The first plug cooperates with multiple test blocks to aggregate all the joints and pins on the circuit board to the first plug, which is convenient for subsequent connection with the control cabinet. When the pressure cover is flipped upward, the circuit board is placed on the positioning mechanism. When the pressure cover is flipped downward and plugged into the plug rod, the pressure cover and the bottom plate are fixed. The pressure cover is in a horizontal state at this time to press the circuit board tightly on the placement surface, so that the circuit board and the probe are in close contact, and at the same time, the stability of the circuit board is improved when the carrier moves on the conveyor line.

[0011] The cover-turning mechanism corresponds to the structure of the carrier, and the cover can be automatically opened and closed at the loading station and the unloading station, so as to realize automated production and improve production efficiency.

[0012] Furthermore, the positioning component also includes:

[0013] A guide plate, the guide plate is fixed on the bottom plate, and the insertion rod passes through the guide plate and moves along the guide plate;

[0014] The first spring is sleeved on the portion of the insertion rod passing through the guide plate and close to the carrier. When the insertion rod leaves the insertion hole of the pressure cover, the first spring is in a compressed state.

[0015] When the insertion rod is pulled out of the socket by the push-pull assembly, the first spring is continuously compressed to store force for the insertion rod to return. At this time, the push-pull assembly no longer pushes the insertion rod into the slot, but directly releases the insertion rod, and the insertion rod can still be returned to the socket under the action of the first spring. The first spring limits the insertion into the socket, realizes the positioning of the gland, and always presses the circuit board downward.

[0016] More specifically, the flip component includes:

[0017] Cross movement module;

[0018] A rotating driving member, the rotating driving member is connected to the cross moving module, and the rotating driving member can move along a first direction and a second direction under the drive of the cross moving module;

[0019] A flip connecting rod, one end of which is fixed to the output end of the rotating driving member, the rotating driving member can drive the flip connecting rod to flip up and down, a connecting column is fixed on the flip connecting rod, and a connecting hole for inserting the connecting column is provided on the pressure cover.

[0020] When the carrier moves to the loading station for loading or to the unloading station for unloading, the cross moving module drives the rotating drive member and the flip connecting rod to approach the carrier until the connecting column is inserted into the connecting hole, and then the rotating drive member drives the flip connecting rod to flip. When the circuit board is loaded and unloaded, the cross moving module drives the rotating drive member and the flip connecting rod to move away from the carrier to make way for the movement of the carrier on the conveyor line.

[0021] Furthermore, the push-pull assembly includes a clamping cylinder and a linear drive member. The clamping cylinder is connected to the linear drive member and moves along the axis of the insertion rod under the drive of the linear drive member. A clamping arm for clamping the insertion rod is fixed to the output end of the clamping cylinder.

[0022] The push-pull assembly is structured to quickly move the plunger, making way for the movement of the carrier when the plunger does not need to be pulled.

[0023] Furthermore, a convex edge located on one side of the guide plate is fixed to one end of the insertion rod close to the insertion hole, and the first spring is located between the convex edge and the guide plate. The convex edge limits the position of the first spring, so that the first spring has a fixed point.

[0024] A limit block located on the other side of the guide plate is fixed to the other end of the insertion rod. The limit block can abut against the guide plate, and the limit block limits the moving distance of the insertion rod.

[0025] Furthermore, a disengagement mechanism is also provided at the loading station and the unloading station, and the disengagement mechanism includes:

[0026] A lifting assembly, the lifting assembly includes a lifting drive and a lifting plate, the lifting plate is connected to the lifting drive and is driven by the lifting drive to rise and fall, the lifting plate is located directly below the carrier and can move upward until it abuts against the bottom plate;

[0027] The limiting assembly includes a rotating cylinder and a rotating plate. The rotating plate is connected to the rotating cylinder and can rotate under the drive of the rotating cylinder. The bottom plate can be clamped between the rotating plate and the lifting plate.

[0028] The disengagement mechanism separates the carrier from the conveyor line and secures the carrier.

[0029] Furthermore, position sensors are also provided at the loading station and the unloading station, and the position sensors are linked with the disengagement mechanism. Only when the position sensors detect the carrier, the disengagement mechanism lifts and fixes the carrier.

[0030] Furthermore, the loading and unloading device further includes a first manipulator and a second manipulator, and the first manipulator and the second manipulator are located on the same side of the conveyor line along the second direction;

[0031] The first manipulator is used to place the circuit board to be inspected on the carrier, and the second manipulator is used to take the inspected circuit board out of the carrier.

[0032] Two manipulators are used to pick and place circuit boards on the carrier.

[0033] The present invention also discloses a testing device for a circuit board, comprising the above-mentioned loading and unloading device, and further comprising:

[0034] A temperature control box, which is located on one side of the conveyor line in the second direction. The temperature control box includes a plurality of test chambers, each of which is fixed with a detection mechanism;

[0035] A third manipulator, the third manipulator is located between the conveyor line and the temperature control box, and the third manipulator is used to carry a carrier with a circuit board placed thereon between the temperature control box and the conveyor line;

[0036] Control cabinet: the control cabinet is connected with the detection mechanism through cables.

[0037] The circuit board is functionally tested on the testing mechanism of the temperature control box.

[0038] Specifically, the testing agencies include:

[0039] A placing table, the placing table is used to carry the carrier;

[0040] A second plug, the second plug is located directly above the first plug, and the second plug can move up and down to switch between a separation position and a plug-in position;

[0041] The pressing assembly is located above the carrier. The pressing assembly includes a guide rod, a lower pressure rod and a second spring. The guide rod and the second plug rise and fall synchronously. The lower pressure rod is inserted into the guide rod and can move up and down along the axis of the guide rod. The second spring is sleeved on the part of the pressure rod that passes downward through the guide rod. When the second plug is plugged into the first plug, the lower pressure rod abuts against the carrier and compresses the second spring.

[0042] The placement table is used to place the carrier. The second plug is connected or separated with the first plug during the lifting process to realize the connection and disconnection between the control cabinet and the circuit board, and realize the performance detection of the circuit board.

[0043] When the first plug and the second plug are plugged in, the pressing assembly compresses the second spring, and the second spring continues to accumulate force to press the carrier downward. When the first plug and the second plug are separated, the second spring is still in a compressed state, pushing the pressing rod to press the carrier downward. At this time, the pressure provided by the second spring is greater than the bonding force between the first plug and the second plug, and the carrier will not move upward under the drive of the second plug, thereby improving the stability of the carrier and preventing the carrier from moving. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0044] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of a state where a carrier is located at a loading station in the first embodiment of the present invention;

[0045] Figure 2It is a schematic diagram of a state where a carrier clamps a circuit board in the first embodiment of the present invention;

[0046] Figure 3 A schematic diagram showing a state where a carrier clamps a circuit board from another angle in the first embodiment of the present invention;

[0047] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the cover of the carrier in the first embodiment of the present invention being in an open state;

[0048] Figure 5 It is a structural schematic diagram of the flip cover mechanism in the first embodiment of the present invention;

[0049] Figure 6 It is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the feeding mechanism in the second embodiment of the present invention;

[0050] Figure 7 is a top view of the second embodiment of the present invention;

[0051] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the temperature control box in the second embodiment of the present invention;

[0052] Fig. 9 It is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the detection mechanism in the second embodiment of the present invention;

[0053] Fig.10 It is a side view of the detection mechanism in the second embodiment of the present invention.

[0054] In the figure:

[0055] 100, conveyor line; 1a, loading station; 1b, unloading station;

[0056] 200, Vehicle;

[0057] 1. Bottom plate; 11. Abutment block; 2. Positioning mechanism; 21. Positioning block; 211. Positioning column; 3. Connecting mechanism; 31. First plug; 32. Test block; 321. Probe; 4. Pressing mechanism; 41. Gland; 41a. Cover body; 411a. Insertion hole; 412a. Connecting hole; 41b. Pressing rod; 411. Articulated seat; 4111. Torsion spring; 42. Positioning assembly; 421. Insertion rod; 4211. Protruding edge; 4212. Stop block; 422. First spring; 423. Guide plate;

[0058] 300. Circuit board;

[0059] 400, flip mechanism;

[0060] 5. Flip assembly; 51. Rotation drive member; 52. Flip connecting rod; 53. First linear module; 54. Second linear module; 6. Push-pull assembly; 61. Clamping cylinder; 62. Linear drive member; 63. Clamping arm;

[0061] 500, leaving the institution;

[0062] 71. Lifting assembly; 72. Limiting assembly;

[0063] 601, first manipulator; 602, second manipulator; 603, feeding mechanism; 604, collecting mechanism;

[0064] 81. Lifting frame; 82. Material tray; 83. Handling device;

[0065] 700, third manipulator;

[0066] 800, control cabinet;

[0067] 900, temperature control box;

[0068] 9. Detection mechanism; 91. Placement table; 92. Second plug; 93. Pressing assembly; 931. Guide rod; 932. Pressing rod; 933. Second spring; 94. Lifting plate; 95. Lifting drive member. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0069] The preferred embodiments of the present invention are described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings so that the advantages and features of the present invention can be more easily understood by those skilled in the art, thereby making a clearer and more definite definition of the protection scope of the present invention.

[0070] Embodiment 1

[0071] See attached Figure 7 As shown, the loading and unloading device for circuit boards of the present invention comprises a conveyor line 100 and a carrier 200. The conveyor line 100 extends along the X direction (first direction), and the conveyor line 100 comprises a loading station 1a and an unloading station 1b along the conveying direction. The carrier 200 is placed on the conveyor line 100 and moves under the conveyance of the conveyor line 100. At the loading station 1a, the circuit board 300 is placed on the carrier 200; at the unloading station 1b, the circuit board 300 is taken out from the carrier 200.

[0072] See attached Figure 2 -Attached Figure 4As shown, the carrier 200 includes a base plate 1, which can be placed on the conveyor line 100 for transportation, and a positioning mechanism 2, a connecting mechanism 3 and a clamping mechanism 4 are fixed on the base plate 1. The positioning mechanism 2 includes a plurality of positioning blocks 21, and the positioning block 21 has a placement surface for carrying the circuit board 300. The connecting mechanism 3 includes a first plug 31 and a plurality of test blocks 32, and the test blocks 32 are provided with probes 321 that contact the connectors and pins on the circuit board 300, and all the probes 321 are connected to the first plug 31 through signal lines. The clamping mechanism 4 includes a pressure cover 41 and a positioning assembly 42, one end of the pressure cover 41 in the Y direction is hinged to the base plate 1 through a hinge seat 411, and the other end of the pressure cover 41 in the Y direction is plugged into the positioning assembly 42 so that the cover body 41a of the pressure cover 41 is kept in a horizontal state. The positioning assembly 42 is arranged on the base plate 1, and includes a plug rod 421 that can be moved in the horizontal direction, and a plug hole 411a for inserting the plug rod 421 is provided on the pressure cover 41.

[0073] In this embodiment, the designed carrier 200 can place the circuit board 300. The first plug 31 and the multiple test blocks 32 cooperate to collect all the joints and pins on the circuit board 300 on the first plug 31, so as to facilitate the subsequent connection with the control cabinet 800. When the pressure cover 41 is flipped upward, the circuit board 300 is placed on the positioning mechanism 2. When the pressure cover 41 is flipped downward and plugged into the plug rod 421, the pressure cover 41 and the bottom plate 1 are fixed. At this time, the pressure cover 41 presses the circuit board 300 on the placement surface, so that the circuit board 300 and the probe 321 are in close contact, and at the same time, the stability of the circuit board 300 is improved when the carrier 200 moves on the conveyor line 100.

[0074] In one embodiment, see the attached Figure 1 As shown, a cover-turning mechanism 400 is also provided at the loading station 1a and the unloading station 1b, and the cover-turning mechanism 400 is used to open and close the pressure cover 41. The pressure cover 41 is automatically opened by the cover-turning mechanism 400, so that the circuit board 300 is placed on the carrier 200. The cover-turning mechanism 400 closes the pressure cover 41, and the carrier 200 with the circuit board 300 placed thereon is transported along the conveyor line 100.

[0075] See attached Figure 1 and attached Figure 5 As shown, the flip mechanism 400 includes a flip assembly 5 and a push-pull assembly 6. The flip assembly 5 is arranged on the side of the conveyor line 100Y close to the hinge seat 411, and the flip assembly 5 is used to flip the pressure cover 41; the push-pull assembly 6 is arranged on the other side of the conveyor line 100Y, and the push-pull assembly 6 is used to pull the insertion rod 421 to move along its own axis to leave or insert into the hole 411a.

[0076] In this embodiment, the flip mechanism 400 realizes the automatic opening and closing of the pressure cover 41, realizes automated production, and improves production efficiency. When the circuit board 300 needs to be loaded or unloaded, the flip assembly 5 flips the pressure cover 41 upward, and the push-pull assembly 6 pulls the insertion rod 421 out of the insertion hole 411a; when the circuit board 300 has been placed on the carrier 200 or has been taken out of the carrier 200, the flip assembly 5 flips the pressure cover 41 downward, and the push-pull assembly 6 pushes the insertion rod 421 to insert into the insertion hole 411a.

[0077] In one embodiment, the flip assembly 5 includes a cross moving module, a rotating driving member 51 and a flip connecting rod 52. The rotating driving member 51 is fixed on the cross moving module and can move along the X direction and the Y direction under the drive of the cross moving module. One end of the flip connecting rod 52 is fixed to the output end of the rotating driving member 51, and the rotating driving member 51 can drive the flip connecting rod 52 to flip up and down. A connecting column is fixed on the flip connecting rod 52, and a connecting hole 412a for inserting the connecting column is provided on the pressure cover 41. When the connecting column is inserted into the connecting hole 412a, the flip connecting rod is connected to the pressure cover 41, and the flip connecting rod can drive the pressure cover 41 to flip synchronously during the up and down flipping process.

[0078] The cross moving module includes a first linear module 53 and a second linear module 54. The second linear module 54 is fixed on the first linear module 53 and moves linearly back and forth along the Y direction under the drive of the first linear module 53. The rotary drive member 51 is fixed on the second linear module 54 and moves linearly back and forth along the X direction under the drive of the second linear module 54. The linear module can be a linear cylinder, a screw nut assembly, etc. When the carrier 200 moves to the loading station 1a for loading or moves to the unloading station 1b for unloading, the cross moving module drives the rotary drive member 51 and the flip connecting rod 52 to approach the carrier 200 until the connecting column is inserted into the connecting hole 412a, and then the rotary drive member 51 drives the flip connecting rod 52 to flip. When the loading and unloading of the circuit board 300 is completed, the cross moving module drives the rotary drive member 51 and the flip connecting rod 52 to move away from the carrier 200 to make way for the movement of the carrier 200 on the conveyor line 100.

[0079] See attached Figure 3 As shown, the hinge seat 411 includes a fixing rod, which is fixed to the bottom plate 1 through fixing plates at both ends. The pressure cover 41 is sleeved on the fixing rod and can rotate around the axis of the fixing rod.

[0080] In one embodiment, the hinge seat 411 further includes at least one torsion spring 4111, which is sleeved on the fixing rod and provides a force for the gland 41 to flip downward. When the gland 41 flips upward and opens, the torsion spring 4111 is compressed and in a compressed state, storing force for pushing the gland 41 to flip downward. In this embodiment, the torsion spring 4111 is added to achieve a quick reset of the gland 41. At this time, even if the flip assembly 5 does not flip the gland 41 downward, when the flip assembly 5 and the gland 41 are separated, the gland 41 can also flip downward under the action of the torsion spring 4111.

[0081] The push-pull assembly 6 is arranged corresponding to the insertion rod 421, see the attached Figure 5 As shown, the push-pull assembly 6 includes a clamping cylinder 61 and a linear drive 62. The clamping cylinder 61 is connected to the linear drive 62 and moves along the axis of the insertion rod 421 under the drive of the linear drive 62. A clamping arm 63 for clamping the insertion rod 421 is fixed to the output end of the clamping cylinder 61. When the insertion rod 421 needs to be pulled to move, the linear drive 62 drives the clamping cylinder 61 to approach the insertion rod 421, and the clamping cylinder 61 pushes the clamping arm 63 to clamp the insertion rod 421, and then drives the insertion rod 421 away from the carrier 200 until the insertion rod 421 leaves the insertion hole 411a. At this time, the flip assembly 5 can flip the pressure cover 41 up and down.

[0082] In one embodiment, see the attached Figure 4 As shown, the positioning assembly 42 further includes a first spring 422 and a guide plate 423, the guide plate 423 is fixed on the bottom plate 1, and the insertion rod 421 passes through the guide plate 423 and moves along the guide plate 423. The first spring 422 is sleeved on the portion of the insertion rod 421 passing through the guide plate 423 and close to the carrier 200. When the insertion rod 421 leaves the insertion hole 411a, the first spring 422 is in a compressed state, and the first spring 422 always provides a force for the insertion rod 421 to move toward the insertion hole 411a and be fixed in the insertion hole 411a.

[0083] In this embodiment, when the insertion rod 421 is inserted into the insertion hole 411a, the first spring 422 is in a slightly compressed or natural state. At this time, when there is no external force, the insertion rod 421 is confined in the insertion hole, preventing the insertion rod 421 from sliding out of the insertion hole 411a during the movement of the carrier 200, thereby providing stability for the entire carrier 200. When the insertion rod 421 is pulled out of the insertion hole 411a by the push-pull assembly 6, the first spring 422 is continuously compressed to store force for the reset of the insertion rod 421. At this time, the push-pull assembly 6 no longer pushes the insertion rod 421 to be inserted into the insertion hole, but directly releases the insertion rod 421, and the insertion rod 421 can still be reset under the action of the first spring 422 to be inserted into the insertion hole 411a.

[0084] See attached Figure 4As shown, a flange 4211 located on one side of the guide plate 423 is fixed to one end of the insertion rod 421 close to the insertion hole 411a, and the flange 4211 extends out of the outer wall of the insertion rod 421. A first spring 422 is located between the flange 4211 and the guide plate, and one end of the first spring 422 abuts against the flange 4211. A stop block 4212 located on the other side of the guide plate 423 is fixed to the other end of the insertion rod 421, and the stop block 4212 can abut against the guide plate 423, and the stop block 4212 is used to limit the moving distance of the insertion rod 421.

[0085] See attached Figure 1 and attached Figure 4 As shown, two positioning assemblies 42 are provided, and the two positioning assemblies 42 are spaced apart along the X direction. The two positioning assemblies 42 can position the pressure cover 41 more stably.

[0086] See attached Figure 4 and attached Figure 5 As shown, the ends of the insertion rod 421 and the connecting column near the insertion hole 411a and the connecting hole 412a are both truncated cone structures, which facilitates the insertion of the insertion rod 421 and the connecting column into the insertion hole 411a and the connecting hole 412a respectively.

[0087] In one embodiment, see the attached Figure 4 As shown, the pressure cover 41 includes a cover body 41 a and a plurality of pressure rods 41 b . The cover body 41 a and the pressure rods 41 b are perpendicular to each other. The pressure rods 41 b extend out of the cover and abut against the circuit board 300 .

[0088] The pressure rod 41b is threadedly connected to the cover body 41a, and the pressure rod 41b can be rotated to adjust the distance that the pressure rod 41b extends out of the cover body 41a to ensure that the pressure rod 41b is pressed tightly on the circuit board 300. The position of the pressure rod 41b can be set according to actual needs, and is generally set at a position close to the pin pins and connectors of the circuit board 300 to achieve close contact between the pin pins and connectors and the probe 321.

[0089] The circuit board 300 is in a square shape as a whole, so in this embodiment, four positioning blocks 21 of the positioning mechanism 2 are provided, respectively located at the four corners of the circuit board 300, and the positioning blocks 21 include a placement surface for supporting the circuit board 300. Of course, when the circuit board 300 is in other shapes, the position of the supporting block can be flexibly changed, as long as the supporting block can provide stable support for the circuit board 300.

[0090] In one embodiment, some or all of the positioning blocks 21 are further provided with positioning posts 211 extending upward from the placement surface, and the circuit board 300 is provided with positioning holes for the positioning posts 211 to be inserted into. When the positioning posts 211 are inserted into the positioning holes, the position of the circuit board 300 in the horizontal plane can be limited.

[0091] In one embodiment, a disengagement mechanism 500 is also provided at the loading station 1a and the unloading station 1b. The disengagement mechanism 500 lifts the carrier 200 at the loading station 1a and the unloading station upward to disengage it from the conveyor line 100. At this time, the circuit board 300 is loaded and unloaded.

[0092] See attached Figure 5 As shown, the disengagement mechanism 500 includes a lifting assembly 71, which includes a lifting drive and a lifting plate. The lifting plate is connected to the lifting drive and moves along the Z direction under the drive of the lifting drive. The conveyor line 100 has a notch for the lifting plate to pass through, and the lifting plate is located directly below the carrier 200. The lifting plate can move upward until it abuts against the bottom plate 1 of the carrier 200, and then drives the carrier 200 to move upward and disengage from the conveyor line 100.

[0093] In this embodiment, the conveyor line 100 includes two synchronously moving conveyor belts, and the lifting assembly 71 is located between the two conveyor belts.

[0094] In one embodiment, in order to improve the stability of the carrier 200 during the lifting process of the lifting assembly 71, a positioning pin is fixed on the lifting plate, and the positioning pin can be inserted into the bottom plate 1 to position the carrier 200.

[0095] In one embodiment, the disengagement mechanism 500 further includes a limit assembly 72, which includes a rotating cylinder and a rotating plate, and the rotating plate is connected to the rotating cylinder and can rotate under the drive of the rotating cylinder. The rotating plate can rotate to the top of the bottom plate 1, and the vertical distance between the rotating plate and the conveying surface of the conveyor line 100 is greater than the thickness of the bottom plate 1. Before the lifting assembly 71 lifts, the rotating plate first rotates toward the conveyor line 100, and then the lifting assembly 71 drives the carrier 200 to move up to disengage from the conveyor line 100 until the bottom plate 1 and the rotating plate abut against each other and are lifted into place. At this time, the bottom plate 1 is clamped between the lifting plate and the rotating plate in the Z direction, which limits the position of the bottom plate 1 in the Z direction. At this time, even if the flip assembly 5 flips the pressure cover 41, the position of the bottom plate 1 will not be changed, thereby improving the stability of the carrier 200 when it is opened and closed.

[0096] There are two limit assemblies 72 , and the two limit assemblies 72 are respectively located on both sides of the first transmission line in the direction Y. In this embodiment, the two limit assemblies 72 are located on the diagonal line of the bottom plate 1 .

[0097] In one embodiment, position detection sensors are provided at both the loading station 1a and the unloading station 1b, and the position detection sensors are used to detect the position of the carrier 200 on the conveyor line 100. The position detection sensors are linked with the flip mechanism 400 and the disengagement mechanism 500, and the disengagement mechanism 500 will lift the carrier 200 upward only when the detection sensors detect that the carrier 200 has reached the loading station 1a and the unloading station 1b.

[0098] See attached Figure 7 As shown, the loading and unloading device further includes a first manipulator 601 and a second manipulator 602, which are located on the same side of the conveyor line 100 along the Y direction, and the two manipulators are respectively located at positions corresponding to the loading station 1a and the unloading station 1b. The first manipulator 601 is used to place the circuit board 300 on the carrier 200, and the second manipulator 602 is used to take the circuit board 300 that has been inspected out from the carrier 200.

[0099] The loading and unloading device further includes a feeding mechanism 603 and a collecting mechanism 604. The feeding mechanism 603 is located in the working range of the first manipulator 601 and is used to transport the circuit boards 300 one by one to the working range of the first manipulator 601. The collecting mechanism 604 is located in the working range of the second manipulator 602 and is used to collect the circuit boards 300 that have been inspected.

[0100] In one embodiment, see the attached Figure 6 As shown, the feeding mechanism 603 includes two lifting racks 81 with openings at the upper ends and a handling device 83. The two lifting racks 81 are arranged side by side along the X direction, and each lifting rack 81 can stack material trays 82 in the vertical direction. Among them, the material tray 82 on the first lifting rack has uninspected circuit boards 300 placed in it, and the material tray 82 in the second lifting rack is an empty material tray 82. The two lifting racks 81 have the same structure and can drive their upper material trays 82 to rise and fall. The first handling manipulator can carry the circuit board 300 on the uppermost material tray 82 on the first lifting rack. The handling device 83 includes a handling manipulator that can move back and forth between the two lifting racks 81, and the handling manipulator clamps the uppermost material tray 82 of the lifting rack 81.

[0101] When the topmost tray 82 on the first lifting rack is transported by the first robot 601, the transport robot places the empty tray 82 on the second lifting rack, and the first lifting rack drives the tray 82 on it to move upward, and the circuit board 300 on the next tray 82 waits to be transported. This is repeated until all the circuit boards 300 on the trays 82 on the first lifting rack are placed on the carrier 200.

[0102] The collecting mechanism 604 and the feeding mechanism 603 have the same structure and are used to place the circuit boards 300 after inspection onto the material trays 82 and then stack the material trays 82 in the vertical direction.

[0103] Embodiment 2

[0104] In one embodiment, the present invention further discloses a circuit board detection device, including the loading and unloading device for circuit boards of embodiment 1, see attached Figure 7As shown, it also includes a third manipulator 700, a control cabinet 800 and a temperature control box 900. The control cabinet 800 is located on the side of the conveyor line 100Y away from the first manipulator 601. The third manipulator 700 is located between the conveyor line 100 and the temperature control box 900. The third manipulator 700 is used to transport the carrier 200 with the circuit board 300 placed thereon between the temperature control box 900 and the conveyor line 100.

[0105] The third manipulator 700 includes a third manipulator body and a translation assembly. The third manipulator body is fixed on the translation assembly and moves along the X direction under the drive of the translation assembly. Because the manipulator body can place the carrier 200 of the loading station 1a into the temperature control box 900, and then move the carrier 200 in the temperature control box 900 to the unloading station 1b, the movement range is large, and the third manipulator body alone may not be able to cover the working range, so the translation assembly is set. When the third manipulator body can cover the required working range, the translation assembly is not required.

[0106] See attached Figure 8 As shown, the temperature control box 900 includes a plurality of test chambers, each of which is fixed with a detection mechanism 9, which is used to place the carrier 200 and connect the control cabinet 800 and the first plug 31. Fig. 9 As shown, the detection mechanism 9 includes a placement table 91 and a second plug 92. The placement table 91 includes a placement surface for carrying the carrier. The second plug 92 is located directly above the first plug 31. The second plug 92 can move up and down to switch between the separation position and the plug-in position. The second plug 92 is connected to the control cabinet 800 through a cable passing through the temperature control box 900. When the second plug 92 is plugged into the first plug 31, the control cabinet 800 performs a functional test on the circuit board 300 through the carrier 200.

[0107] In one embodiment, see the attached Fig. 9 and attached Fig.10 As shown, the detection mechanism 9 also includes a pressing assembly 93, which is located above the carrier 200. The pressing assembly 93 includes a guide rod 931, a lower pressing rod 932, and a second spring 933. The guide rod 931 and the second plug 92 are raised and lowered synchronously, and the lower pressing rod 932 is inserted into the guide rod 931 and can move up and down along the axis of the guide rod 931. The second spring 933 is sleeved on the portion of the lower pressing rod 932 that passes downward through the guide rod 931. When the second plug 92 is plugged into the first plug 31, the pressing rod 41b abuts against the carrier and compresses the second spring 933.

[0108] Because the first plug 31 and the second plug 92 have adhesion at the moment of separation, the second plug 92 may drive the first plug 31 (carrier 200) to move upward, causing the carrier 200 to deflect and shake. Therefore, a pressing component 93 is provided in the present application. When the first plug 31 and the second plug 92 are plugged in, the pressing component 93 compresses the second spring 933, and the second spring 933 continues to accumulate force to press the carrier 200 downward. When the first plug 31 and the second plug 92 are separated, the second spring 933 is still in a compressed state, pushing the pressing rod 932 to press the carrier 200 downward. At this time, the pressure F provided by the second spring 933 is greater than the adhesion between the first plug 31 and the second plug 92, and the carrier 200 will not move upward under the drive of the second plug 92, thereby improving the stability of the carrier 200 and preventing the carrier 200 from moving.

[0109] An abutment block 11 corresponding to the pressing assembly 93 is fixed on the bottom plate 1 of the carrier 200. When the second plug 92 is in the separated position, the vertical distance d1 from the lower end surface of the lower pressing rod 932 to the upper end surface of the abutment block 11 is smaller than the vertical distance d2 from the first plug 31 to the second plug 92.

[0110] The first plug 31 and the second plug 92 are in the initial state at the separation position, at which time the push rod 932 does not abut against the abutment block 11, and the push rod 932 is downward relative to the guide rod 931 by relying on its own gravity. The second spring 933 is in a natural state or has slight compression, and the lower end of the push rod 932 is the longest distance from the guide rod 931 at this time. When the first plug 31 and the second plug 92 are just separated, the second spring 933 needs to be maintained in a compressed state, that is, it is required that the push rod 932 moves upward relative to the guide rod 931 at this time. Therefore, the vertical distance d1 from the lower end face of the push rod 932 to the upper end face of the abutment block 11 is less than the vertical distance d2 from the first plug 31 to the second plug 92, so as to ensure that when the abutment block 11 contacts the push rod 932, the first plug 31 and the second plug 92 are not plugged in, and at this time, the push rod 932 can move upward relative to the guide rod 931 to continuously compress the second spring 933.

[0111] The guide rod 931 and the second plug 92 are fixed on a lifting plate 94 . The lifting plate 94 is lifted and lowered by a lifting driving member 95 . The lifting driving member 95 is fixed on the bottom plate 1 .

[0112] The testing device also includes a cooling box, and the third manipulator 700 can also carry the carrier 200 between the cooling box and the temperature control box 900. After the carrier 200 completes the test in the temperature control box 900, the third manipulator 700 carries the carrier 200 to the cooling box for cooling.

[0113] During the operation of the detection device, the unloaded carrier arrives at the loading station 1a, the disengagement mechanism 500 lifts the carrier 200 upward and fixes the carrier 200, and then the flip mechanism 400 flips the pressure cover 41 upward, and the carrier 200 is in the opened state. The first manipulator 601 carries a circuit board 300 on the feeding mechanism 603 and places it on the positioning mechanism 2 of the carrier 200, the flip mechanism 400 flips the pressure cover 41 downward, and the positioning assembly 42 fixes the position of the pressure cover 41. At this time, the pressing rod 41b presses the circuit board 300 downward, and the circuit board 300 is connected to the first plug 31.

[0114] The third manipulator 700 moves the carrier 200 with the circuit board 300 into the temperature control box 900 and places it on the detection mechanism 9. The second plug 92 of the detection mechanism 9 is plugged into the first plug 31, and the control cabinet 800 and the circuit board 300 are connected, so that the function test can be performed in a high temperature environment. After the test is completed, the third manipulator 700 moves the carrier 200 to the cooling box for cooling.

[0115] After cooling, the third manipulator 700 moves the carrier 200 to the unloading station 1b. At the unloading station 1b, the disengagement mechanism 500 lifts the carrier 200 upward and fixes the carrier 200, and then the flip mechanism 400 flips the cover 41 upward, and the carrier 200 is in the flipped state. The second manipulator 602 moves the inspected circuit board 300 to the collection mechanism 604. At this point, the inspection of a circuit board 300 is completed, and the empty carrier is sent back to the loading station 1a along the conveyor line.

[0116] In this process, the third robot 700 can simultaneously load and unload the circuit board 300 at the loading station 1a and the unloading station 1b during the transportation process, thereby improving work efficiency.

[0117] The above implementation modes are only for illustrating the technical concept and features of the present invention, and their purpose is to enable people familiar with this technology to understand the content of the present invention and implement it, and they cannot be used to limit the protection scope of the present invention. Any equivalent changes or modifications made according to the spirit of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A loading and unloading device for circuit boards, characterized in that: include: A carrier, the carrier comprising a base plate, the base plate being provided with a positioning mechanism, a connecting mechanism and a clamping mechanism, the positioning mechanism being used to carry a circuit board, the connecting mechanism comprising a first plug and a plurality of test blocks, the test blocks being provided with probes contacting the connectors and pins on the circuit board, all the probes being connected to the first plug via signal lines, the clamping mechanism comprising a gland and a positioning assembly, one end of the gland in the second direction being hinged to the base plate via a hinge seat, the other end of the gland in the second direction being plugged into the positioning assembly, the positioning assembly comprising a plugging rod capable of plugging into the gland; A conveyor line, the conveyor line extends along a first direction and conveys the carrier, the conveyor line including a loading station and an unloading station along the conveying direction; A flip cover mechanism, wherein two flip cover mechanisms are provided, and are respectively located at the loading station and the unloading station, and each flip cover mechanism comprises a flip assembly and a push-pull assembly, wherein the flip assembly is located on one side of the conveyor line in the second direction close to the hinge seat, and the flip assembly is used to flip the cover, and the push-pull assembly is provided on the other side of the conveyor line in the second direction, and the push-pull assembly is used to pull the insertion rod to move along its own axis; The positioning component also includes: A guide plate, the guide plate is fixed on the bottom plate, and the insertion rod passes through the guide plate and moves along the guide plate; A first spring, the spring being sleeved on a portion of the insertion rod passing through the guide plate and close to the carrier, and when the insertion rod leaves the insertion hole of the gland, the first spring is in a compressed state; The flip assembly comprises: Cross movement module; A rotating driving member, the rotating driving member is connected to the cross moving module, and the rotating driving member can move along a first direction and a second direction under the drive of the cross moving module; A flip connecting rod, one end of which is fixed to the output end of the rotating driving member, and the rotating driving member can drive the flip connecting rod to flip up and down, a connecting column is fixed on the flip connecting rod, and a connecting hole for inserting the connecting column is provided on the pressure cover; A convex edge located on one side of the guide plate is fixed to one end of the insertion rod close to the insertion hole, and the first spring is located between the convex edge and the guide plate; a limit block located on the other side of the guide plate is fixed to the other end of the insertion rod, and the limit block can abut against the guide plate.

2. The loading and unloading device for circuit boards according to claim 1, characterized in that: The push-pull assembly includes a clamping cylinder and a linear drive member. The clamping cylinder is connected to the linear drive member and moves along the axis of the insertion rod under the drive of the linear drive member. A clamping arm for clamping the insertion rod is fixed to the output end of the clamping cylinder.

3. The loading and unloading device for circuit boards according to any one of claims 1-2, characterized in that: The loading station and the unloading station are also provided with a disengagement mechanism, and the disengagement mechanism comprises: A lifting assembly, the lifting assembly comprising a lifting drive and a lifting plate, the lifting plate being connected to the lifting drive and being driven by the lifting drive to rise and fall, the lifting plate being located directly below the carrier and being able to move upward until it abuts against the bottom plate; The limiting assembly includes a rotating cylinder and a rotating plate. The rotating plate is connected to the rotating cylinder and can rotate under the drive of the rotating cylinder. The bottom plate can be clamped between the rotating plate and the lifting plate.

4. The loading and unloading device for circuit boards according to claim 3 is characterized in that: Position sensors are also provided at the loading station and the unloading station. The position sensors are linked with the disengagement mechanism. Only when the position sensors detect the carrier, the disengagement mechanism lifts and fixes the carrier.

5. The loading and unloading device for circuit boards according to claim 1, characterized in that: The loading and unloading device further comprises a first manipulator and a second manipulator, wherein the first manipulator and the second manipulator are located on the same side of the conveying line along the second direction; The first manipulator is used to place the circuit board to be inspected on the carrier, and the second manipulator is used to take the inspected circuit board out of the carrier.

6. A testing device for a circuit board, characterized in that: The loading and unloading device comprises any one of claims 1 to 5, further comprising: A temperature control box, the temperature control box is located on one side of the conveyor line in the second direction, the temperature control box includes a plurality of test cavities, and a detection mechanism is fixed in each of the test cavities; A third manipulator, the third manipulator is located between the conveyor line and the temperature control box, and the third manipulator is used to carry a carrier with a circuit board placed thereon between the temperature control box and the conveyor line; A control cabinet is connected to the detection mechanism through a cable.

7. The circuit board detection device according to claim 6, characterized in that: The detection mechanism includes: A placing table, the placing table is used to carry the carrier; A second plug, the second plug is located directly above the first plug, and the second plug can be moved up and down to switch between a separation position and a plug-in position; A pressing assembly is located above the carrier, and the pressing assembly includes a guide rod, a downward pressure rod and a second spring. The guide rod and the second plug rise and fall synchronously, the downward pressure rod is passed through the guide rod and can move up and down along the axis of the guide rod, and the second spring is sleeved on the part of the pressure rod that passes through the guide rod downward. When the second plug is plugged into the first plug, the downward pressure rod abuts against the carrier and compresses the second spring.

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