Battery management system and energy storage power supply

Abstract

The present invention discloses a battery management system and an energy storage power supply. The battery management system includes an energy balancing circuit, a first processing unit, a second processing unit and a power supply circuit. The power supply circuit is configured to utilize the electric energy of a battery module to power a load. The battery module includes a plurality of electrically connected battery cells. The first processing unit is configured to be electrically connected to a portion of the plurality of battery cells to collect parameter information of the connected battery cells. The second processing unit is configured to be electrically connected to the remaining portion of the plurality of battery cells to collect parameter information of the connected battery cells. The first processing unit is electrically connected to the power supply circuit and configured to control the on-off of the power supply circuit. The energy balancing circuit is electrically connected to the first processing unit and the second processing unit. The energy balancing circuit is configured to balance the power consumption of the first processing unit and the power consumption of the second processing unit. The above-mentioned battery management system can avoid the imbalance of the battery cells connected to the processing units to a certain extent, thereby ensuring the service life of the battery cells.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of energy storage technology, and in particular to a battery management system and an energy storage power supply. Background Art

[0002] With the development of society and the continuous improvement of people's living standards, the demand for large-capacity energy storage power supplies (such as 5-kilowatt-hour products) is growing. These energy storage power supplies have a large number of battery cells, requiring the use of multiple analog front-end (AFE) chips. Each AFE connects to a certain number of battery cells. However, power consumption among these AFEs can be uneven, which can lead to uneven battery cell distribution over time and premature cell failure. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The embodiments of the present invention provide a battery management system and an energy storage power supply to solve at least one of the above-mentioned technical problems.

[0004] A battery management system according to an embodiment of the present invention includes an energy balancing circuit, a first processing unit, a second processing unit, and a power supply circuit, wherein the power supply circuit is configured to utilize power from a battery module to supply power to a load, wherein the battery module includes a plurality of electrically connected battery cells;

[0005] The first processing unit is configured to be electrically connected to a portion of the plurality of battery cells to collect parameter information of the connected battery cells, and the second processing unit is configured to be electrically connected to the remaining portion of the plurality of battery cells to collect parameter information of the connected battery cells;

[0006] The first processing unit is electrically connected to the power supply circuit and configured to control the on / off of the power supply circuit;

[0007] The energy balancing circuit is electrically connected to the first processing unit and the second processing unit, and the energy balancing circuit is configured to balance the power consumption of the first processing unit and the power consumption of the second processing unit.

[0008] In the above-mentioned battery management system, the energy balancing circuit can balance the power consumption of the first processing unit and the second processing unit, thereby avoiding imbalance in the battery cells connected to the processing units to a certain extent and ensuring the service life of the battery cells.

[0009] In some embodiments, the plurality of battery cells are connected in series, the first processing unit is configured to be electrically connected to the first battery cell, the second processing unit is configured to be electrically connected to the second battery cell, the first battery cell is formed by connecting the first battery cells in series, and the second battery cell is formed by connecting the last battery cells in series;

[0010] The energy balancing circuit includes a first isolation unit, and the battery management system includes a control unit and a second isolation unit;

[0011] The control unit is electrically connected to the first processing unit through the first isolation unit, and is electrically connected to the second processing unit through the second isolation unit. The first processing unit supplies power to the first isolation unit, and the second processing unit supplies power to the second isolation unit. The control unit and the first processing unit are electrically connected to the same ground terminal.

[0012] In certain embodiments, the battery management system includes a control unit, the power supply circuit includes a pre-charging circuit, a main charging circuit, and a control module, the second processing unit includes a third processing unit, and the third processing unit is configured to supply power to the control module;

[0013] The pre-charging circuit and the main charging circuit are configured to be electrically connected to the battery module and the load, and the control module is electrically connected to the main charging circuit and the first processing unit;

[0014] The first processing unit is configured to control the control module to control the main charging circuit to be turned on and off;

[0015] The control unit is electrically connected to the pre-charging circuit and the first processing unit and is configured to control the pre-charging circuit to be turned on and off. When the pre-charging circuit is turned on, the first voltage of the battery module and the second voltage of the load are obtained. When the difference between the first voltage and the second voltage is less than or equal to a set voltage, the first processing unit is controlled to cause the control module to control the main charging circuit to be turned on.

[0016] In certain embodiments, the pre-charging circuit includes a pre-charging switch and a current-limiting resistor, and the pre-charging switch and the current-limiting resistor are connected in series between the battery module and the load.

[0017] In some embodiments, the control module includes an enabling circuit and a first control circuit, and the first processing unit is electrically connected to the first control circuit via the enabling circuit;

[0018] The main charging circuit includes a main charging switch connected between the battery module and the load, and the first control circuit is electrically connected to the main charging switch and is configured to control the closing and opening of the main charging switch;

[0019] The first processing unit is configured to control the enabling and disabling of the enabling circuit. When the enabling circuit is enabled, the first control circuit controls the main charging switch to be closed so that the main charging circuit is turned on. When the enabling circuit is disabled, the first control circuit controls the main charging switch to be turned off so that the main charging circuit is turned off.

[0020] In some embodiments, the plurality of battery cells are connected in series, the first processing unit is configured to be electrically connected to the first battery cell, the second processing unit is configured to be electrically connected to the second battery cell, the first battery cell is formed by connecting the first battery cells in series, and the second battery cell is formed by connecting the last battery cells in series;

[0021] The second processing unit includes a fourth processing unit, and the plurality of battery cells connected to the fourth processing unit are arranged behind the plurality of battery cells connected to the third processing unit;

[0022] The energy balancing circuit includes a first regulating module and a second regulating module, wherein the first regulating module is electrically connected to the first processing unit and configured to balance the power consumption of the first processing unit with the power consumption of the third processing unit;

[0023] The second regulating module is electrically connected to the fourth processing unit and is configured to balance the power consumption of the fourth processing unit with the power consumption of the third processing unit.

[0024] In some embodiments, the first processing unit and the fourth processing unit both include a power supply, the first regulation module and the second regulation module both include a consumption circuit, and the power supply is configured to supply power to the consumption circuit so that the power consumption of the first processing unit is balanced with the power consumption of the third processing unit and the power consumption of the fourth processing unit is balanced with the power consumption of the third processing unit.

[0025] In some embodiments, the consumption circuit includes a first resistor connected to the power supply, and the power supply is configured to supply power to the first resistor.

[0026] In some embodiments, the first regulation module and the second regulation module both include a regulation circuit, which is connected in parallel with the consumption circuit. The regulation circuit is configured to be turned on when the main charging circuit is turned on so that the consumption circuit and the regulation circuit jointly balance the power consumption of the first processing unit and the power consumption of the third processing unit, and balance the power consumption of the fourth processing unit and the power consumption of the third processing unit, and to be disconnected when the main charging circuit is disconnected.

[0027] In some embodiments, the regulation circuit includes a second resistor and a second control circuit, the second resistor is connected in series with the second control circuit, and the second control circuit is configured to control the power supply to supply power to the second resistor when the main charging circuit is turned on, and to control the power supply to stop supplying power to the second resistor when the main charging circuit is turned off.

[0028] An energy storage power supply according to an embodiment of the present invention includes a battery module, an inverter, and a battery management system according to any one of the above embodiments, wherein the battery module is electrically connected to the battery management system and the inverter.

[0029] In the above energy storage power supply, the energy balancing circuit can balance the power consumption of the first processing unit and the second processing unit, thereby avoiding imbalance in the battery cells connected to the processing units to a certain extent and ensuring the service life of the battery cells.

[0030] Additional aspects and advantages of the present invention will be set forth in part in the description which follows and, in part, will be obvious from the description which follows, or may be learned by practice of the present invention. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0031] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the following briefly introduces the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the description of the prior art. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on the structures shown in these drawings without paying any creative work.

[0032] Figures 1 to 2 Schematic diagram of a module of an energy storage power supply according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0033] Figure 3 Schematic diagram of a circuit of an energy storage power supply according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0034] Description of reference numerals:

[0035] Energy storage power supply 100, battery management system 200, energy averaging circuit 12, first processing unit 14, second processing unit 16, power supply circuit 18, battery module 20, load 22, control unit 24, flyback circuit 25, first isolation unit 26, second isolation unit 28, pre-charging circuit 30, main charging circuit 32, control module 34, third processing unit 36, pre-charging switch 38, current limiting resistor 40, enabling circuit 42, first control circuit 44, main charging switch 46, fourth processing unit 48, first regulation module 50, second regulation module 52, power supply 54, consumption circuit 56, regulation circuit 58, second control circuit 60. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0036] The embodiments of the present invention are described in detail below. Examples of the embodiments are shown in the accompanying drawings, wherein the same or similar reference numerals throughout represent the same or similar elements or elements having the same or similar functions. The embodiments described below with reference to the accompanying drawings are exemplary and are only used to explain the present invention and are not to be construed as limiting the present invention.

[0037] In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the terms "center", "longitudinal", "lateral", "length", "width", "thickness", "up", "down", "front", "back", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inside", "outside", "clockwise", "counterclockwise" and the like indicate positions or positional relationships based on the positions or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as limiting the present invention. In addition, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of the indicated technical features. Therefore, the features defined as "first" and "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more features. In the description of the present invention, the meaning of "multiple" is two or more, unless otherwise clearly and specifically defined.

[0038] In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that, unless otherwise expressly specified or limited, the terms "mounted," "connected," and "connected" should be understood broadly. For example, they may refer to fixed connections, removable connections, or integral connections. They may refer to mechanical connections or electrical connections. They may refer to direct connections or indirect connections through an intermediary, and they may refer to internal communication between two components or interactions between two components. Those skilled in the art will understand the specific meanings of these terms in the present invention based on the specific circumstances.

[0039] In the present invention, unless otherwise expressly specified or limited, a first feature being "above" or "below" a second feature may include the first and second features being in direct contact, or may include the first and second features being in contact not directly but through another feature between them. Furthermore, a first feature being "above," "above," and "above" a second feature may include the first feature being directly above or obliquely above the second feature, or may simply mean that the first feature is higher in level than the second feature. A first feature being "below," "below," and "below" a second feature may include the first feature being directly below or obliquely below the second feature, or may simply mean that the first feature is lower in level than the second feature.

[0040] The disclosure below provides many different embodiments or examples for realizing different structures of the present invention. In order to simplify the disclosure of the present invention, the components and settings of specific examples are described below. Of course, they are merely examples and are not intended to limit the present invention. In addition, the present invention may repeat reference numbers and / or reference letters in different examples. Such repetition is for the purpose of simplicity and clarity and does not in itself indicate the relationship between the various embodiments and / or settings discussed. In addition, the present invention provides examples of various specific processes and materials, but those skilled in the art will recognize the application of other processes and / or the use of other materials.

[0041] Please refer to Figure 1 A battery management system 200 provided in an embodiment of the present invention includes an energy balancing circuit 12, a first processing unit 14, a second processing unit 16 and a power supply circuit 18. The power supply circuit 18 is configured to use the electric energy of the battery module 20 to power the load 22. The battery module 20 includes a plurality of electrically connected battery cells. The first processing unit 14 is configured to be electrically connected to a portion of the plurality of battery cells to collect parameter information of the connected battery cells, and the second processing unit 16 is configured to be electrically connected to the remaining portion of the plurality of battery cells to collect parameter information of the connected battery cells. The first processing unit 14 is electrically connected to the power supply circuit 18 and is configured to control the on and off of the power supply circuit 18. The energy balancing circuit 12 is electrically connected to the first processing unit 14 and the second processing unit 16. The energy balancing circuit 12 is configured to balance the power consumption of the first processing unit 14 and the power consumption of the second processing unit 16.

[0042] In the battery management system 200 , the energy balancing circuit 12 can balance the power consumption of the first processing unit 14 and the power consumption of the second processing unit 16 , thereby avoiding imbalance in the battery cells connected to the processing units to a certain extent and ensuring the service life of the battery cells.

[0043] Specifically, the battery management system 200 can be applied to, but not limited to, the energy storage power supply 100. The energy storage power supply 100 may include an inverter, which can be electrically connected to the battery module 20 and used to convert the direct current (DC) power output by the battery module 20 into alternating current (AC) power for output to external power-consuming devices. The battery management system 200 is electrically connected to the battery module 20 to collect battery cell parameter information and control operations such as charging and discharging of the battery cells.

[0044] Multiple battery cells can be connected in series, parallel or in a mixed connection. Mixed connection can mean that multiple battery cells are connected in both series and parallel.

[0045] Optionally, a portion of the plurality of battery cells can be connected to form a first battery unit, with the first processing unit 14 electrically connected to the first battery unit. The battery cells of the first battery unit can be connected in series, in parallel, or in a hybrid manner. The remaining battery cells of the plurality of battery cells can be connected to form a second battery unit, with the second processing unit 16 electrically connected to the second battery unit. The battery cells of the second battery unit can be connected in series, in parallel, or in a hybrid manner. The first battery unit and the second battery unit can be connected in series or in parallel.

[0046] In one embodiment, all battery cells are connected in series, that is, the battery cells of the first battery unit are connected in series, the battery cells of the second battery unit are connected in series, and the first battery unit and the second battery unit are connected in series. The number of battery cells in each battery unit can be the same or different.

[0047] exist Figure 3 In the embodiment shown, the number of battery cells in the battery module 20 is 35, and the 35 battery cells are connected in series through a copper busbar. The copper busbar can be equivalent to a virtual battery cell. Therefore, it can be considered that the number of battery cells is 36. The battery management system 200 may include three processing units: a first processing unit 14 and two second processing units 16. The number of battery cells connected to the three processing units is the same, that is, the number of battery cells connected to each processing unit is 12: in the order of the battery cells being connected in series, the first processing unit 14 is connected to a first battery cell formed by connecting the 1st to the 12th battery cells in series, the first second processing unit 16 is connected to a second battery cell formed by connecting the 13th to the 24th battery cells in series, and the second second processing unit 16 is connected to a second battery cell formed by connecting the 25th to the 36th battery cells in series.

[0048] The negative electrode of the first second processing unit 16 can be connected to the positive electrode of the first processing unit 14, and the negative electrode of the second second processing unit 16 can be connected to the positive electrode of the first second processing unit 16. It is understood that the number of second processing units 16 can be increased or decreased according to the number of battery cells, and the present invention is not specifically limited to this.

[0049] Optionally, the processing unit can be self-powered and can also power other components. Specifically, the processing unit has an integrated LDO module (Low Drop-Out, low voltage difference regulator). The LDO module can linearly step down the voltage of the battery cell and output a lower voltage (such as 3.3V) to power the processing unit and other components.

[0050] The battery management system 200 includes a control unit 24, which includes but is not limited to a microcontroller unit 24 (MCU). The processing unit communicates with the control unit 24 (such as through IIC communication). The processing unit reports the collected parameter information to the control unit 24, and the control unit 24 controls the operation of the battery module 20 according to the parameter information of the battery cell. Figure 3 The battery management system 200 includes a flyback circuit 25 , which can supply power to the control unit 24 .

[0051] The load 22 can be a plurality of electronic components inside the energy storage power supply 100, and the electronic components include but are not limited to inverters, etc. The power supply circuit 18 can use the electric energy of the battery module 20 to power the load 22. Specifically, initially, the power supply circuit 18 is in a disconnected state. After the power-on process of the energy storage power supply 100 begins, the first processing unit 14 can control the power supply circuit 18 to be turned on, and the power supply circuit 18 first performs pre-charging. When the difference between the first voltage of the battery module 20 and the second voltage of the load 22 is less than or equal to the set voltage, the power supply circuit 18 performs main charging, so that the battery module 20 provides normal operating current to the load 22. Pre-charging is performed first, and then main charging is performed, which to a certain extent prevents the instantaneous current from flowing from the battery module 20 to the load 22 due to direct main charging, thereby preventing damage to the load 22. In one example, the set voltage can be 19 volts to 21 volts (such as 20 volts), that is, during the pre-charging process, when the difference between the first voltage of the battery module 20 and the second voltage of the load 22 is less than 20 volts, the power supply circuit 18 can end the pre-charging and enter the main charging, so that the load 22 can work normally.

[0052] In the related art, energy storage products, especially portable energy storage products, are mainly products with a power consumption of less than 2 kWh. They can meet people's outdoor needs, but cannot meet people's needs for both outdoor and home use. Therefore, portable energy storage products with larger power consumption (such as around 5 kWh) have emerged. Due to the large number of battery cells, large-capacity energy storage products usually use multiple processing units (such as analog front ends (AFEs)) to collect cell parameter information. However, the power consumption of these AFEs will be uneven, which will lead to large differences in the single cell voltage over time, resulting in cell imbalance and premature cell failure.

[0053] In an embodiment of the present invention, the battery management system 200 includes an energy balancing circuit 12, which can balance the power consumption of the first processing unit 14 and the power consumption of the second processing unit 16, so that the power consumption difference between the first processing unit 14 and the second processing unit 16 is within the desired range, thereby avoiding to a certain extent the imbalance of different battery cells connected to the processing units and ensuring the service life of the battery cells.

[0054] The first processing unit 14 and the second processing unit 16 may include but are not limited to an analog front end chip (AFE).

[0055] In some embodiments, please combine Figure 2 , multiple battery cells are connected in series, the first processing unit 14 is configured to be electrically connected to the first battery cell, and the second processing unit 16 is configured to be electrically connected to the second battery cell. The first battery cell is composed of several battery cells arranged in front in series, and the second battery cell is composed of several battery cells arranged in the back in series. The energy averaging circuit 12 includes a first isolation unit 26, and the battery management system 200 includes a control unit 24 and a second isolation unit 28. The control unit 24 is electrically connected to the first processing unit 14 through the first isolation unit 26, and is electrically connected to the second processing unit 16 through the second isolation unit 28. The first processing unit 14 supplies power to the first isolation unit 26, and the second processing unit 16 supplies power to the second isolation unit 28. The control unit 24 and the first processing unit 14 are electrically connected to the same ground terminal.

[0056] Thus, the power consumption of the first processing unit 14 and the power consumption of the second processing unit 16 can be balanced through the first isolation unit 26 .

[0057] Specifically, multiple battery cells are connected in series, the first processing unit 14 is configured to be electrically connected to the first battery cell, and the second processing unit 16 is configured to be electrically connected to the second battery cell. The first battery cell is composed of several battery cells arranged in front connected in series, and the second battery cell is composed of several battery cells arranged in the back connected in series, so that the voltage drop of the second processing unit 16 is greater than the voltage drop of the first processing unit 14.

[0058] The voltage drop across the control unit 24 is relatively small, so a second isolation unit 28 is required between the control unit 24 and the second processing unit 16. The second processing unit 16 supplies power to the second isolation unit 28 (e.g., the second processing unit 16 provides 3.3 volts to the second isolation unit 28). The power consumption of the second isolation unit 28 fluctuates during operation (the power consumption of the second isolation unit 28 is higher when there is communication between the second processing unit 16 and the control unit 24, and at a high communication rate, and lower when there is no communication). This causes the power consumption of the second processing unit 16 to also fluctuate.

[0059] The control unit 24 and the first processing unit 14 are electrically connected to the same ground terminal. The control unit 24 is electrically connected to the first processing unit 14 via the first isolation unit 26. The first processing unit 14 supplies power to the first isolation unit 26, thereby matching the dynamic power consumption of the first processing unit 14 with the dynamic power consumption of the second processing unit 16, thereby ensuring the service life of the battery module 20 to a certain extent.

[0060] In some embodiments, please combine Figure 3 The battery management system 200 includes a control unit 24, a power supply circuit 18 includes a pre-charging circuit 30, a main charging circuit 32, and a control module 34, and the second processing unit 16 includes a third processing unit 36, which is configured to supply power to the control module 34. The pre-charging circuit 30 and the main charging circuit 32 are configured to be electrically connected to the battery module 20 and the load 22, and the control module 34 is electrically connected to the main charging circuit 32 and the first processing unit 14.

[0061] The first processing unit 14 is configured to control the control module 34 to turn the main charging circuit 32 on and off. The control unit 24 is electrically connected to the pre-charging circuit 30 and the first processing unit 14 and is configured to control the pre-charging circuit 30 to turn on and off. When the pre-charging circuit 30 is on, the control unit 24 obtains the first voltage of the battery module 20 and the second voltage of the load 22. When the difference between the first voltage and the second voltage is less than or equal to a set voltage, the control unit 14 controls the control module 34 to turn the main charging circuit 32 on.

[0062] Thus, the normal operation of the load 22 can be guaranteed to a certain extent.

[0063] Specifically, the load 22 may be multiple electronic components within the energy storage power supply 100, including but not limited to an inverter. The power supply circuit 18 may utilize the power of the battery module 20 to power the load 22. The third processing unit 36 ​​may include an integrated LDO module, which may provide power to the control module 34 (e.g., providing a voltage of 3.3 volts).

[0064] The power-up process of the energy storage power supply 100 may include a pre-charging phase and a main charging phase. Initially, both the pre-charging circuit 30 and the main charging circuit 32 are disconnected. After the power-up process of the energy storage power supply 100 begins, the control unit 24 may control the pre-charging circuit 30 to be conductive, while the main charging circuit 32 remains disconnected, thereby connecting the battery module 20 and the load 22 via the pre-charging circuit 30. The battery module 20 supplies power to the load 22 via the pre-charging circuit 30, causing the second voltage of the load 22 to increase.

[0065] During the pre-charge phase, the control module 34 obtains the first voltage of the battery module 20 and the second voltage of the load 22. When the difference between the first and second voltages is less than or equal to a set voltage, the control module 34 controls the pre-charge circuit 30 to disconnect and simultaneously controls the first processing unit 14 to control the control module 34 to connect the main charging circuit 32, thus entering the main charging phase. During the main charging phase, the battery module 20 can supply power to the load 22 through the main charging circuit 32, enabling the load 22 to operate normally, and the power-up process is complete.

[0066] In this embodiment of the present invention, the power supply circuit 18 pre-charges the load 22 before performing the main charge. This, to a certain extent, prevents the load 22 from being directly charged, which could cause an excessive instantaneous current flowing from the battery module 20 to the load 22 and thus damage the load 22. In one example, the set voltage can be 20 volts. That is, during the pre-charge process, when the difference between the first voltage and the second voltage is less than or equal to 20 volts, the power supply circuit 18 can end the pre-charge phase and enter the main charge phase, allowing the load 22 to operate normally.

[0067] In some embodiments, please combine Figure 3 The pre-charging circuit 30 includes a pre-charging switch 38 and a current-limiting resistor 40 , which are connected in series between the battery module 20 and the load 22 .

[0068] Thus, the load 22 can be charged with a relatively small current through the current-limiting resistor 40 .

[0069] Specifically, in one embodiment, the battery module 20, pre-charge switch 38, current-limiting resistor 40, and load 22 are connected in series. When the pre-charge switch 38 is off, the pre-charge circuit 30 is disconnected; when the pre-charge switch 38 is closed, the pre-charge circuit 30 is connected. The current-limiting resistor 40 limits the current in the pre-charge circuit 30, allowing the load 22 to be charged with a small current, thereby protecting the safety of the load 22 during the power-up process to a certain extent.

[0070] The size of the current limiting resistor 40 can be determined based on simulation, testing, empirical values, etc., and the present invention does not impose any specific limitation on this.

[0071] It is understood that the pre-charge switch 38 can be any electronic switch. In the embodiment of the present invention, the pre-charge switch 38 includes a metal oxide semiconductor field-effect transistor Q3 (MOSFET, Metal-Oxide-Semiconductor Field-Effect Transistor, referred to as MOS tube). The control unit 24 can be electrically connected to the transistor Q3 and used to control the transistor on and off.

[0072] In some embodiments, please combine Figure 3The control module 34 includes an enabling circuit 42 and a first control circuit 44. The first processing unit 14 is electrically connected to the first control circuit 44 via the enabling circuit 42. The main charging circuit 32 includes a main charging switch 46 connected between the battery module 20 and the load 22. The first control circuit 44 is electrically connected to the main charging switch 46 and is configured to control the closing and opening of the main charging switch 46. The first processing unit 14 is configured to control the enabling and disabling of the enabling circuit 42. When the enabling circuit 42 is enabled, the first control circuit 44 controls the main charging switch 46 to close, thereby conducting the main charging circuit 32. When the enabling circuit 42 is disabled, the first control circuit 44 controls the main charging switch 46 to open, thereby disconnecting the main charging circuit 32.

[0073] Thus, the first control circuit 44 can be controlled by the enabling circuit 42 , thereby controlling the closing and opening of the main charging switch 46 .

[0074] Specifically, the third processing unit 36 ​​can supply power, for example, 3.3 volts, to the enabling circuit 42. The first processing unit 14 can enable and disable the enabling circuit 42 under the control of the control unit 24. Initially, the enabling circuit 42 is disabled, and the first processing unit 14 controls the main charging switch 46 to be turned off, disconnecting the main charging circuit 32.

[0075] After the pre-charge phase ends, the control unit 24 can control the first processing unit 14 to enable the enabling circuit 42. When the enabling circuit 42 is enabled, the first control circuit 44 controls the main charging switch 46 to close, thereby turning on the main charging circuit 32 and entering the main charging phase. During the main charging phase, the battery module 20 supplies power to the load 22 through the main charging circuit 32.

[0076] It is understood that the main charging switch 46 can be any type of electronic switch. In an embodiment of the present invention, the main charging switch 46 includes metal-oxide-semiconductor field-effect transistors Q2 and Q5 (MOSFET, Metal-Oxide-Semiconductor Field-Effect Transistor, or MOS tube). There are two transistors, and the first control circuit 44 can be electrically connected to the transistors and used to control the closing and opening of transistors Q2 and Q5. When the two transistors Q2 and Q5 are closed, the main charging circuit 32 is turned on; when either of the two transistors is turned off, the main charging circuit 32 is turned off. It is understood that the number of transistors in the main charging switch 46 is not limited to two.

[0077] In some embodiments, please combine Figure 3, multiple battery cells are connected in series, the first processing unit 14 is configured to be electrically connected to the first battery cell, and the second processing unit 16 is configured to be electrically connected to the second battery cell. The first battery cell is composed of the battery cells arranged in series at the front, and the second battery cell is composed of the battery cells arranged in series at the back. The second processing unit 16 includes a fourth processing unit 48, and the battery cells connected to the fourth processing unit 48 are arranged behind the battery cells connected to the third processing unit 36. The energy balancing circuit 12 includes a first adjustment module 50 and a second adjustment module 52. The first adjustment module 50 is electrically connected to the first processing unit 14 and configured to balance the power consumption of the first processing unit 14 with the power consumption of the third processing unit 36. The second adjustment module 52 is electrically connected to the fourth processing unit 48 and configured to balance the power consumption of the fourth processing unit 48 with the power consumption of the third processing unit 36.

[0078] Therefore, the power consumption of the first processing unit 14 and the third processing unit 36 ​​and the power consumption of the fourth processing unit 48 and the third processing unit 36 ​​can be balanced by the adjustment module, thereby achieving power consumption balance among multiple processing units.

[0079] Specifically, the plurality of cells connected to the fourth processing unit 48 are arranged behind the plurality of cells connected to the third processing unit 36. Figure 3 The battery module 20 includes 35 battery cells, and the copper busbar can be used as the 36th battery cell (virtual battery cell), for a total of 36 battery cells, which are connected in series in sequence. The first battery cell connected to the first processing unit 14 is composed of the 1st to 12th battery cells connected in series, the second battery cell connected to the third processing unit 36 ​​is composed of the 13th to 24th battery cells connected in series, and the second battery cell connected to the fourth processing unit 48 is composed of the 25th to 36th battery cells connected in series. Therefore, the voltage drop of the first processing unit 14 is the voltage drop of the first battery cell, the voltage drop of the third processing unit 36 ​​is the sum of the voltage drop of the first battery cell and the voltage drop of the first second battery cell, and the voltage drop of the fourth processing unit 48 is the sum of the voltage drop of the first battery cell and the voltage drop of the two second battery cells.

[0080] Because the third processing unit 36 ​​supplies power to the control module 34, the power consumption of the third processing unit 36 ​​increases. The first adjustment module 50 can adjust the power consumption of the first processing unit 14, thereby balancing the power consumption of the first processing unit 14 with the power consumption of the third processing unit 36. The second adjustment module 52 can adjust the power consumption of the fourth processing unit 48, thereby balancing the power consumption of the fourth processing unit 48 with that of the third processing unit 36. This can, to a certain extent, prevent the battery cells connected to each processing unit from experiencing imbalances after long-term use, thereby ensuring the service life of the battery cells.

[0081] In some embodiments, please combine Figure 3 The first processing unit 14 and the fourth processing unit 48 both include a power supply 54, the first adjustment module 50 and the second adjustment module 52 both include a consumption circuit 56, and the power supply 54 is configured to supply power to the consumption circuit 56 so that the power consumption of the first processing unit 14 is balanced with the power consumption of the third processing unit 36 ​​and the power consumption of the fourth processing unit 48 is balanced with the power consumption of the third processing unit 36.

[0082] Thus, the power consumption of the first processing unit 14 and the fourth processing unit 48 can be increased by the consumption circuit 56 .

[0083] Specifically, the configuration of the consumption circuit 56 can balance static energy. Because the third processing unit 36 ​​supplies power to the control module 34, the third processing unit 36 ​​consumes a relatively large amount of power. Even when the main charging switch 46 is disconnected, the power consumption of the first processing unit 14 and the fourth processing unit 48 is greater than that of the third processing unit 36.

[0084] Alternatively, the power supply 54 may be an internal power supply 54 of the first processing unit 14 and the fourth processing unit 48. For example, an LDO module integrated within the processing unit may output a voltage (e.g., 3.3 volts) as the power supply 54. The power supply 54 may continuously supply power to the consumption circuit 56, thereby increasing the power consumption of the first processing unit 14 and the fourth processing unit 48. Therefore, regardless of whether the main charging circuit 32 is disconnected or connected, the consumption circuit 56 consumes the power of the power supply 54, thereby balancing the power consumption of the first processing unit 14 with the power consumption of the third processing unit 36, and balancing the power consumption of the fourth processing unit 48 with the power consumption of the third processing unit 36.

[0085] In some embodiments, please combine Figure 3 The consumption circuit 56 includes a first resistor, which is connected to a power supply 54 , and the power supply 54 is configured to supply power to the first resistor.

[0086] Thus, electrical energy can be consumed through the first resistor.

[0087] Specifically, please combine Figure 3 The first resistor of the consumption circuit 56 connected to the first processing unit 14 is resistor R8, and the first resistor of the consumption circuit 56 connected to the fourth processing unit 48 is resistor R6. The power supply 54 of the first processing unit 14 supplies power to resistor R8, increasing the power consumption of the first processing unit 14, thereby balancing the power consumption of the first processing unit 14 with the power consumption of the third processing unit 36. The power supply 54 of the fourth processing unit 48 supplies power to resistor R6, increasing the power consumption of the fourth processing unit 48, thereby balancing the power consumption of the fourth processing unit 48 with the power consumption of the third processing unit 36.

[0088] The first resistor can balance the power consumption in static state. The specific resistance value of the first resistor can be determined according to the demand. In one example, the resistance value of the resistor R8 is 4.3K ohms, and the resistance value of the resistor R6 is 4.3K ohms.

[0089] In some embodiments, please combine Figure 3 The first regulating module 50 and the second regulating module 52 both include a regulating circuit 58, which is connected in parallel with the consumption circuit 56. The regulating circuit 58 is configured to be turned on when the main charging circuit 32 is turned on, so that the consumption circuit 56 and the regulating circuit 58 jointly balance the power consumption of the first processing unit 14 and the power consumption of the third processing unit 36, and balance the power consumption of the fourth processing unit 48 and the power consumption of the third processing unit 36, and to be disconnected when the main charging circuit 32 is disconnected.

[0090] Thus, dynamic power consumption can be adjusted by adjusting circuit 58 .

[0091] Specifically, the regulating circuit 58 is connected in parallel with the consumption circuit 56. Regardless of whether the main charging circuit 32 is on or off, the consumption circuit 56 will continue to consume the power of the processing unit power supply 54, thereby statically balancing the power consumption of the first processing unit 14 and the power consumption of the third processing unit 36, and the power consumption of the fourth processing unit 48 and the power consumption of the third processing unit 36.

[0092] When the main charging circuit 32 is disconnected, static power consumption balancing between the processing units primarily relies on the consumption circuit 56. When the main charging circuit 32 is on, dynamic power consumption balancing between the processing units primarily relies on the regulation circuit 58. The regulation circuit 58 can be turned on when the main charging circuit 32 is on. The processing unit's power supply 54 supplies power to the regulation circuit 58 and the consumption circuit 56, so that the consumption circuit 56 and the regulation circuit 58 jointly balance the power consumption of the first processing unit 14 with the power consumption of the third processing unit 36, and balance the power consumption of the fourth processing unit 48 with the power consumption of the third processing unit 36. When the main charging circuit 32 is disconnected, the regulation circuit 58 can be disconnected and thus does not participate in power consumption balancing between the processing units.

[0093] In some embodiments, please combine Figure 3 The regulation circuit 58 includes a second resistor and a second control circuit 60. The second resistor is connected in series with the second control circuit 60. The second control circuit 60 is configured to control the power supply 54 to supply power to the second resistor when the main charging circuit 32 is turned on, and to control the power supply 54 to stop supplying power to the second resistor when the main charging circuit 32 is turned off.

[0094] Thus, electric energy can be consumed by the second resistor, and the second control circuit 60 can be used to control the on / off of the regulating circuit 58 so as to dynamically balance the power consumption among the processing units.

[0095] Specifically, the second control circuit 60 is electrically connected to the corresponding processing unit. The second control circuit 60 includes a regulating switch (the regulating switch includes but is not limited to a MOS tube). When the main charging circuit 32 is turned on, the first processing unit 14 can control the second control circuit 60 to close the regulating switch, thereby turning on the regulating circuit 58. After the regulating circuit 58 is turned on, the power supply 54 of the first processing unit 14 supplies power to the regulating circuit 58, thereby increasing the power consumption of the first processing unit 14 and dynamically balancing the power consumption of the first processing unit 14 with the power consumption of the third processing unit 36. When the main charging circuit 32 is turned on, the fourth processing unit 48 can control the second control circuit 60 to close the regulating switch, thereby turning on the regulating circuit 58. After the regulating circuit 58 is turned on, the power supply 54 of the fourth processing unit 48 supplies power to the regulating circuit 58, thereby increasing the power consumption of the fourth processing unit 48 and dynamically balancing the power consumption of the fourth processing unit 48 with the power consumption of the third processing unit 36.

[0096] Please combine Figure 3 The second resistor of the regulation circuit 58 connected to the first processing unit 14 is resistor R9, and the second resistor of the regulation circuit 58 connected to the fourth processing unit 48 is resistor R7. When the regulation circuit 58 is turned on, the power supply 54 of the processing unit supplies power to resistors R7 and R9, increasing the power consumption of the corresponding processing unit, thereby balancing the power consumption of the processing unit with the power consumption of the third processing unit 36.

[0097] The second resistor can balance the power consumption during dynamic operation. The specific resistance value of the second resistor can be determined according to the demand. In one example, the resistance value of the resistor R7 is 1.2K ohms, and the resistance value of the resistor R9 is 1.2K ohms.

[0098] Depend on Figure 3 It can be seen that the power supply of the enabling circuit 42 is the power supply (such as a 3.3V power supply) of the third processing unit 36. When the enabling circuit 42 is enabled and disabled, the power consumption of the third processing unit 36 ​​is also different. See the test results in the following table for details:

[0099]

[0100] In the power consumption test, five battery management system 200 boards were tested. The numbers in the table represent the voltage drop (in volts) across a 200R resistor connected in series with the processing unit's LDO module. A larger voltage drop indicates a higher current flowing through the circuit and, consequently, higher power consumption. Conversely, a smaller current indicates lower power consumption. In the table above, L represents the voltage drop across the resistor for the first processing unit 14, M_MOS OFF represents the voltage drop across the resistor for the third processing unit 36 ​​when the main charging circuit 32 is disconnected, M_MOS ON represents the voltage drop across the resistor for the third processing unit 36 ​​when the main charging circuit 32 is connected, and H represents the voltage drop across the resistor for the fourth processing unit 48.

[0101] From columns 3 and 4, it can be seen that when the main charging circuit 32 is disconnected, the power consumption of the third processing unit 36 ​​is low. When the main charging circuit 32 is connected, the power consumption of the third processing unit 36 ​​is high. Therefore, resistors R7 and R9 of the regulating circuit 58 are added to the circuit. When the main charging circuit 32 is disconnected, the enable circuit 42 is disabled, and the resistors R7 and R9 of the regulating circuit 58 are disconnected and do not participate in the equalization. When the main charging circuit 32 is connected, the enable circuit 42 is enabled, and the resistors R7 and R9 of the regulating circuit 58 are connected to the circuit and participate in the equalization. This makes the power consumption of the first processing unit 14 and the power consumption of the fourth processing unit 48 substantially the same as the power consumption of the third processing unit 36 ​​in column 4.

[0102] As can be seen from the above table, even when the main charging circuit 32 is disconnected, the power consumption of the first processing unit 14 and the fourth processing unit 48 is less than the power consumption of the third processing unit 36. Therefore, the energy averaging circuit 12 is provided with a consumption circuit 56. The consumption circuit 56 is provided with fixed-resistance resistors R6 and R8 to balance the power consumption in the static state, so that the power consumption of the first processing unit 14 and the fourth processing unit 48 is substantially the same as the power consumption of the third processing unit 36 ​​in the third column.

[0103] exist Figure 3 In the figure, denser dashed lines represent positive connections, sparser dashed lines represent negative connections, and solid lines represent communication connectivity.

[0104] An energy storage power supply 100 according to an embodiment of the present invention includes a battery module 20, an inverter, and a battery management system 200 according to any of the above embodiments. The battery module 20 is electrically connected to the battery management system 200 and the inverter.

[0105] In the above energy storage power supply 100, the energy balancing circuit 12 can balance the power consumption of the first processing unit 14 and the power consumption of the second processing unit 16, thereby avoiding imbalance in the battery cells connected to the processing units to a certain extent and ensuring the service life of the battery cells.

[0106] Throughout this specification, reference to terms such as "one embodiment," "some embodiments," "illustrative embodiments," "examples," "specific examples," or "some examples" means that a specific feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in conjunction with an embodiment or example is included in at least one embodiment or example of the present invention. In this specification, illustrative descriptions of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in any one or more embodiments or examples.

[0107] While embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions, and variations may be made to the embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, and that the scope of the invention is defined by the claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A battery management system, characterized in that: The device comprises an energy balancing circuit, a first processing unit, a second processing unit and a power supply circuit, wherein the power supply circuit is configured to utilize the power of a battery module to supply power to a load, wherein the battery module comprises a plurality of electrically connected battery cells; The first processing unit is configured to be electrically connected to a portion of the plurality of battery cells to collect parameter information of the connected battery cells, and the second processing unit is configured to be electrically connected to the remaining portion of the plurality of battery cells to collect parameter information of the connected battery cells; The first processing unit is electrically connected to the power supply circuit and configured to control the on / off of the power supply circuit; The energy balancing circuit is electrically connected to the first processing unit and the second processing unit, and the energy balancing circuit is configured to balance the power consumption of the first processing unit and the power consumption of the second processing unit; The battery management system includes a control unit, the power supply circuit includes a pre-charging circuit, a main charging circuit and a control module, the second processing unit includes a third processing unit, and the third processing unit is configured to supply power to the control module; The pre-charging circuit and the main charging circuit are configured to be electrically connected to the battery module and the load, and the control module is electrically connected to the main charging circuit and the first processing unit; The first processing unit is configured to control the control module to control the main charging circuit to be turned on and off; The control unit is electrically connected to the pre-charging circuit and the first processing unit and is configured to control the pre-charging circuit to be turned on and off. When the pre-charging circuit is turned on, the control unit obtains a first voltage of the battery module and a second voltage of the load. When the difference between the first voltage and the second voltage is less than or equal to a set voltage, the control unit controls the first processing unit to cause the control module to control the main charging circuit to be turned on. The multiple battery cells are connected in series, the first processing unit is configured to be electrically connected to the first battery cell, and the second processing unit is configured to be electrically connected to the second battery cell. The first battery cell is formed by connecting the first battery cells in series, and the second battery cell is formed by connecting the last battery cells in series. The second processing unit includes a fourth processing unit, and the plurality of battery cells connected to the fourth processing unit are arranged behind the plurality of battery cells connected to the third processing unit; The energy balancing circuit includes a first regulating module and a second regulating module, wherein the first regulating module is electrically connected to the first processing unit and configured to balance the power consumption of the first processing unit with the power consumption of the third processing unit; The second regulating module is electrically connected to the fourth processing unit and is configured to balance the power consumption of the fourth processing unit with the power consumption of the third processing unit; the first processing unit and the fourth processing unit both include a power supply, and the first regulating module and the second regulating module both include a consumption circuit, and the power supply is configured to supply power to the consumption circuit to balance the power consumption of the first processing unit with the power consumption of the third processing unit and to balance the power consumption of the fourth processing unit with the power consumption of the third processing unit; The first regulation module and the second regulation module both include a regulation circuit, which is connected in parallel with the consumption circuit. The regulation circuit is configured to be turned on when the main charging circuit is turned on so that the consumption circuit and the regulation circuit jointly balance the power consumption of the first processing unit and the power consumption of the third processing unit, and balance the power consumption of the fourth processing unit and the power consumption of the third processing unit, and to be disconnected when the main charging circuit is disconnected.

2. The battery management system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The multiple battery cells are connected in series, the first processing unit is configured to be electrically connected to the first battery cell, the second processing unit is configured to be electrically connected to the second battery cell, the first battery cell is formed by connecting the battery cells in the front row in series, and the second battery cell is formed by connecting the battery cells in the back row in series; The energy balancing circuit includes a first isolation unit, and the battery management system includes a control unit and a second isolation unit; The control unit is electrically connected to the first processing unit through the first isolation unit, and is electrically connected to the second processing unit through the second isolation unit. The first processing unit supplies power to the first isolation unit, and the second processing unit supplies power to the second isolation unit. The control unit and the first processing unit are electrically connected to the same ground terminal.

3. The battery management system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The pre-charging circuit includes a pre-charging switch and a current-limiting resistor, and the pre-charging switch and the current-limiting resistor are connected in series between the battery module and the load.

4. The battery management system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The control module includes an enabling circuit and a first control circuit, and the first processing unit is electrically connected to the first control circuit via the enabling circuit; The main charging circuit includes a main charging switch connected between the battery module and the load, and the first control circuit is electrically connected to the main charging switch and is configured to control the closing and opening of the main charging switch; The first processing unit is configured to control the enabling and disabling of the enabling circuit. When the enabling circuit is enabled, the first control circuit controls the main charging switch to be closed so that the main charging circuit is turned on. When the enabling circuit is disabled, the first control circuit controls the main charging switch to be turned off so that the main charging circuit is turned off.

5. The battery management system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The consumption circuit includes a first resistor connected to the power supply, and the power supply is configured to supply power to the first resistor.

6. The battery management system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The regulation circuit includes a second resistor and a second control circuit, the second resistor is connected in series with the second control circuit, and the second control circuit is configured to control the power supply to supply power to the second resistor when the main charging circuit is turned on, and to control the power supply to stop supplying power to the second resistor when the main charging circuit is turned off.

7. An energy storage power supply, characterized in that: The invention comprises a battery module, an inverter and a battery management system according to any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein the battery module is electrically connected to the battery management system and the inverter.

Images