An under-forest soil loosening, weeding and fertilizing device and method

Abstract

The application provides an under-forest soil loosening, weeding and fertilizing device and method, and belongs to the field of agricultural machinery, and comprises a vertical weeding and soil loosening part, a target fertilizing part and a weed transferring part; the vertical weeding and soil loosening part comprises a vertical soil loosening unit and a vertical weeding unit; the cutter of the vertical weeding unit is provided with a sawtooth structure to grab and remove weeds; the cutter of the vertical soil loosening unit is provided with a three-prism convex rib structure to reduce resistance and consumption; the length of the soil loosening cutter is greater than that of the weeding cutter, and the long and short combination design of the two types of cutters realizes the simultaneous operation of soil loosening and weed removal in a specific area; the target fertilizing part comprises a core bit type furrow opener, a target fertilizing mechanism and the like; the outer side of the core bit type furrow opener is provided with a composite texture composed of a groove and a convex structure to reduce resistance and consumption; the target fertilizing part achieves a mechanical target fertilizing effect based on the principle of a lever, a crank and a slider; the application realizes the tasks of under-forest target fertilizing, weeding and weed transferring, and solves the problems of fertilizer waste and high labor intensity.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the field of agricultural machinery, and more specifically, relates to a device and method for loosening soil, weeding and fertilizing under forests. Background Art

[0002] During the growth of economic forests, the dripline requires soil loosening, fertilization, and weeding. This process also serves to cut the roots beneath the forest floor, allowing more nutrients to flow into the fruit. Appropriate weed removal and granular fertilizer application are necessary. Traditional fertilization methods often involve strip application or manual pit burial. The former wastes fertilizer, while the latter is labor-intensive and inefficient. The loosening and trenching tools used also suffer from high resistance and energy consumption. Traditional weed control often involves intertillage, which infiltrates the soil and does not move it to the tree trunks, making it less effective at retaining moisture in the trees. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The present invention aims to provide an understory soil loosening, weeding, and fertilizing device designed to address the challenges of mechanized weed removal and precision fertilization in commercial forests. This device can simultaneously perform dripline soil loosening, weed removal, targeted granular fertilizer application, and weed removal, improving efficiency and saving fertilizer. Furthermore, by incorporating ribbed structures and composite textures into the loosening and furrowing tools, resistance is reduced, lowering energy consumption.

[0004] In order to achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the present invention provides an under-forest soil loosening, weeding and fertilizing device, which includes a vertical weeding and soil loosening part, a target fertilizing part and a weed moving part.

[0005] A forest soil loosening, weeding, and fertilizing device, characterized by comprising: a vertical weeding and loosening unit, a targeted fertilizing unit, and a weed transport unit. The vertical weeding and loosening unit is located at the front end of the device. The weed transport unit is located at the rear end of the device. The targeted fertilizing unit is located in the middle of the device.

[0006] The vertical weeding and soil loosening part is connected to the tractor through a three-point suspension structure and is powered by the tractor.

[0007] The vertical weeding and soil loosening part comprises a frame, a reduction box, a vertical weeding unit and a vertical soil loosening unit.

[0008] The vertical weeding unit consists of a vertical weeding cutter and a cutter disc, and the vertical weeding cutter is provided with a sawtooth structure.

[0009] The vertical loosening unit consists of a vertical loosening cutter and a cutter disc, and a convex rib structure is provided on the inner side of the vertical loosening cutter.

[0010] The rib structure is a triangular pyramid structure, and its cross-sectional area increases along the direction opposite to the relative movement of the tool and the soil. This structure increases the loosening capacity of the vertical loosening tool during rotation, and the gradual increase in cross-sectional area reduces movement resistance.

[0011] The vertical weeding cutter is fastened to the cutter disc by means of bolt connection.

[0012] The vertical loosening tool is fastened to the cutter head by means of bolt connection.

[0013] Furthermore, the target fertilizing part includes a frame, a fertilizer box, a restraining cylinder, a connecting rod, a rocker, a support frame, a swing arm, an adjusting rod, a touch rod, a cylindrical valve, a crossbeam, a covering block, a pressing roller, a depth-limiting wheel, a core-type furrow opener, and the like;

[0014] A through hole is provided in the middle of the crossbeam, and the diameter of the through hole is slightly larger than the diameter of the lifting rod of the cylindrical valve.

[0015] The adjusting rod can adjust the angle between the touch rod and the rocker rod through the groove structure and the bolt.

[0016] The connecting rod is hinged to the cylindrical valve.

[0017] The connecting rod and the rocker are hinged.

[0018] The rocker can swing within the range of a groove provided on the support frame.

[0019] The cylindrical valve can move up and down along the constraint cylinder under the constraint of the constraint cylinder and the crossbeam.

[0020] The lower end of the restraining cylinder is welded to the fertilizer box, and is provided with four hole structures at the lower end. When the cylindrical valve rises, the fertilizer can fall out through the hole structures.

[0021] The restraining cylinder is provided with a through-hole structure through which the crossbeam can pass.

[0022] A composite texture is provided on both outer sides of the core-furrow opener, and the composite texture consists of a groove structure and a triangular prism structure. The triangular prism structure is periodically distributed in the groove structure, and the cross-sectional area of ​​the triangular prism structure gradually increases from zero along the opposite direction of the forward movement of the machine. During the forward working process of the core-furrow opener, it is in close contact with the soil and produces relative movement. During the movement of the composite texture, its groove structure allows a small amount of soil to penetrate into it, and then separates from the texture under the action of its triangular prism structure, thereby enabling the composite texture to reduce the adhesion between the composite texture and the soil and reduce the working resistance.

[0023] Furthermore, a method for using a forest soil loosening, weeding and fertilizing device is characterized in that it specifically includes the following steps:

[0024] The under-forest soil loosening, weeding and fertilizing device is pulled by a three-point suspension structure of a tractor. During operation, the vertical soil loosening unit loosens the soil near the drip line of the under-forest, and the vertical weeding unit removes the weeds on the ground surface to make the weeds float on the ground surface.

[0025] The target fertilizing part behind the vertical weeding and soil loosening part carries out the target fertilizing operation on the trees. The core bit opener is aligned with the vertical soil loosening unit in front, and the fertilizer is applied in the area loosened by the vertical soil loosening unit. During the forward movement of the machine, the contact rod contacts the trunk and swings at a certain angle, and under the action of the spatial crank slider mechanism, the cylindrical valve is lifted to a certain height, and then the hole structure provided on the constraint cylinder is opened to start the fertilizer dropping. The machine continues to move forward, and the contact rod quickly separates from the trunk after the machine moves to a certain extent. The cylindrical valve quickly falls under its own gravity, and the hole structure provided on the constraint cylinder is blocked again, and the fertilizer dropping stops. The fertilizing steps are repeated to complete the fertilizing of the whole plot.

[0026] The weed moving part behind the target fertilizing part moves the weeds removed by the vertical weeding unit to the vicinity of the trunk in a strip shape through the lateral force.

[0027] Compared with the prior art, the method for using the under-forest soil loosening, weeding and fertilizing device disclosed by the application can flexibly adjust the soil loosening position according to the position of the drip line of the economic forest, and the core bit opener in the target fertilizing part can be finely adjusted.

[0028] Compared with the prior art, the method for using the under-forest soil loosening, weeding and fertilizing device disclosed by the application can flexibly adjust the soil loosening position according to the position of the drip line of the economic forest, and the core bit opener in the target fertilizing part can be finely adjusted.

[0029] 1、In the application, the three main parts can be used in combination according to the actual requirements of economic forest operation, or can be used alone. If the soil under the forest is soft and basically weed-free, the target fertilizing part can be directly used. The soil loosening position and the trench fertilizing position can be finely adjusted within a certain range to adapt to the operation of the economic forest under different drip lines.

[0030] 2、In the application, the target fertilizing part uses a mechanical structure to complete the fertilizing task. The structure principle is simple, the work is reliable, and the cost is low. By relying on the unique operation environment of the economic forest, the target fertilizing task is completed through the force of the contact rod and the trunk, and the fertilizer consumption is saved.

[0031] 3、In the application, the inside of the vertical soil loosening cutter is provided with a rib structure, the rib structure as a whole is a quadrangular pyramid, and the cross-sectional area of the rib structure increases in the opposite direction of the forward direction, thereby reducing resistance and consumption.

[0032] 4. In the present invention, a serrated structure is provided on the inner side of the vertical weeding tool to improve the ability to hook grass, thereby realizing the weed removal function, and the blade height is relatively short, ensuring low working resistance while removing weeds.

[0033] 5. In the present invention, composite textures are provided on both outer sides of the core furrow opener, which can reduce soil adhesion and reduce resistance.

[0034] 6. In the present invention, the vertical loosening unit and the vertical weeding unit are arranged side by side, and the loosening tool has a long blade and the weeding tool has a short blade, which can simultaneously complete the loosening work and weed removal work in a specific area. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0035] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention, the following briefly introduces the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the description of the prior art. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without any creative work.

[0036] Figure 1 This is a schematic structural diagram of the forest soil loosening, weeding and fertilizing device of the present invention;

[0037] Figure 2 This is a schematic structural diagram of the vertical weeding and soil loosening part of the present invention;

[0038] Figure 3 This is a schematic structural diagram of the vertical weeding unit of the present invention;

[0039] Figure 4 It is a structural schematic diagram of the vertical soil loosening unit of the present invention;

[0040] Figure 5 This is a schematic structural diagram of the target fertilization portion of the present invention;

[0041] Figure 6 It is a structural schematic diagram of the fertilizer box assembly of the present invention;

[0042] Figure 7 It is a structural schematic diagram of the constraint cylinder of the present invention;

[0043] Figure 8 It is a structural schematic diagram of the cylindrical valve of the present invention;

[0044] Figure 9 Schematic diagram of the structure of the core furrow opener with composite texture of the present invention;

[0045] Figure 10 This is a schematic structural diagram of the weed transfer portion of the present invention;

[0046] Figure 11This is a schematic diagram of the target fertilization effect of the present invention;

[0047] Figure 12 It is a schematic diagram of the working mode of the machine of the present invention.

[0048] In the figure: 1. Vertical weeding and loosening part; 2. Target fertilization part; 3. Weed transfer part; 100. Frame 1; 101. Speed ​​reducer; 102. Vertical weeding unit; 103. Vertical loosening unit; 1020. Vertical weeding tool; 1021. Vertical weeding disc; 10201. Sawtooth structure; 1030. Vertical loosening tool; 1031. Vertical loosening disc; 10301. Rib structure; 200. Target fertilization frame; 201. Fertilizer box; 202. Constraint cylinder; 203. Connecting rod; 204. Rocker; 2 05, bracket; 206, swing arm; 207, adjustment rod; 208, touch rod; 209, pressure roller; 210, cover block; 211, depth-gauging wheel; 212, core-type furrow opener; 213, cylindrical valve; 214, crossbeam; 2031, through-hole; 2032, hole; 2120, composite texture; 2020, hole structure; 2021, through-hole structure; 2130, lifting rod; 2131, weight; 300, frame 2; 301, angle adjustment rod; 302, crossbeam 2; 303, finger plate; 304, finger plate shaft; DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0049] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present application to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present application, rather than all the embodiments. The embodiments described below with reference to the drawings are exemplary and are intended to be used to explain the present invention, and should not be understood as limiting the present invention. Based on the embodiments in this application, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making creative work are within the scope of protection of this application.

[0050] In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that the terms "up", "down", "front", "back", "left", "right", etc., indicating directions or positional relationships, are based on the directions or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings. They are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific direction, be constructed and operated in a specific direction. Therefore, they cannot be understood as limiting the present invention.

[0051] In the present invention, unless otherwise expressly specified or limited, the terms "mounted," "connected," "connect," "fixed," etc. should be understood broadly. For example, they may refer to fixed connection, detachable connection, or integration; they may refer to direct connection or indirect connection through an intermediate medium; they may refer to internal communication between two components or interaction between two components. Those skilled in the art will understand the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention based on specific circumstances.

[0052] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0053] See also Figures 1 to 11 The present invention provides a device for loosening soil, removing weeds and fertilizing under forests. The device comprises a vertical weeding and loosening part 1, a target fertilizing part 2, and a weed transporting part 3.

[0054] The front of the vertical weeding and loosening section 1 is connected to the tractor via a three-point suspension structure. This structure and the reducer are located in the center of the frame 100, slightly away from the vertical loosening cutter, i.e., offset. The rear of the vertical weeding and loosening section 1 is securely connected to the target fertilization section 2 via U-bolts. The vertical weeding and loosening section is powered by the tractor. The forward thrust is provided by the tractor's traction force, while the rotational force is provided by the tractor's power output shaft.

[0055] The vertical weeding and loosening unit 1 includes a frame 100, a reduction gearbox 101, a vertical weeding unit 102, and a vertical loosening unit 103. Two vertical weeding cutters 1020 are located below the vertical weeding cutter disc 1021 and are bolted to the vertical weeding cutter disc 1021. After installation, the two vertical weeding cutters face each other, i.e., 180° apart.

[0056] The vertical weeding unit 102 includes a vertical weeding disc 1021 and a vertical weeding tool 1020. The blade of the vertical weeding tool 1020 is provided with a serrated structure 10201 to enhance the grass catching and removing function. The vertical weeding disc 1021 and the vertical weeding tool 1020 are fixed together by bolts.

[0057] The vertical soil loosening unit 103 comprises a vertical soil loosening cutterhead 1031 and two vertical weeding cutters 1030 which are secured together with the vertical weeding cutterhead 1021 by bolt connection and are installed opposite to each other, i.e. 180° apart. The inner side of the vertical soil loosening cutter 1030 is provided with a triangular pyramid convex rib structure 10301 which increases in cross-sectional area in the opposite direction of the relative movement between the cutter and the soil. This structure increases the disturbance to the soil and improves the soil loosening effect when the vertical soil loosening cutter 1030 is rotating. At the same time, the gradually increasing cross-sectional area of the convex rib structure reduces the soil resistance. The vertical soil loosening cutterhead 1031 and the vertical soil loosening cutter 1030 are secured together by bolts. The vertical weeding cutter 1020 has a short cutter body and a working depth of about 3-5 cm, which is used to remove weeds on the ground surface. The vertical soil loosening cutter 1030 has a long cutter body and a working depth of about 20-25 cm according to the requirements of under-forest fertilization, which prepares for subsequent core-shovel furrow opener fertilization.

[0058] The target fertilization part 2 comprises a target fertilization frame 200, a fertilizer box 201, a constraint cylinder 202, a connecting rod 203, a rocker 204, a support frame 205, a swing rod 206, an adjusting rod 207, a touch rod 208, a press wheel 209, a covering block 210, a depth limiting wheel 211, a core-shovel furrow opener 212, a cylindrical valve 213, a cross beam 214, etc.

[0059] The fertilizer box 201 is placed inside the frame 200 and is fixedly connected to the frame by bolts. The constraint cylinder 202 is located at the center of the fertilizer box 201. The bottom end of the structure is fixedly connected to the fertilizer box 201 by welding. The cylindrical valve 213 is placed inside the constraint cylinder 202 and the upper end is connected to the connecting rod 203 by a hinge. The other end of the connecting rod 203 is connected to one end of the rocker 204 by a hinge. The other end of the rocker 204 is placed in the groove structure provided on the support frame 205. It can swing within a certain range under the constraint of the groove structure. The adjusting rod 207 can be adjusted by the groove structure and bolts. Adjust the angle between the feeler rod 208 and the rocker arm 206, the crossbeam 214 is located inside the fertilizer box 201, and is connected to the fertilizer box 201 by welding. The covering block 210 and the pressing roller 209 are located behind the target fertilizing part 2. The overall structure of the covering block 210 is V-shaped. After fertilizing, the soil is first covered by the covering block 210 and then pressed by the pressing roller 209. The depth limiting wheels 211 are located on both sides of the frame 200 and are fixed to the frame by U-bolts. The core plow type furrow opener 212 is located in front of the frame 200, and is fixed to the frame by U-bolts, and is collinear with the vertical loosening unit 103.

[0060] Fertilizer tank 201 is bolted to targeted fertilizer application frame 200. Cylindrical valve 213 is hingedly connected to connecting rod 203. Cylindrical valve 213 is located within restraining cylinder 202. The diameter of restraining cylinder 202 is slightly larger than that of cylindrical valve 213, allowing it to move up and down along the restraining cylinder 203. The lower end of restraining cylinder 202 is welded to the bottom of fertilizer tank 201. A hole structure 2020 is provided at the lower end of restraining cylinder 202. This allows cylindrical valve 213 to open when it moves upward along restraining cylinder 202, allowing granular fertilizer to fall through it. A crossbeam 214 extends across restraining cylinder 202 and the through-hole structure provided on fertilizer tank 201 and is welded thereto. A through-hole structure is provided in the middle of crossbeam 214, the diameter of which is slightly larger than the diameter of lifting rod 2130 on cylindrical valve 213. The lifting rod 2130 of the cylindrical valve 213 passes through the through hole of the crossbeam and is hinged to the connecting rod 203. The upper side of the rocker 204 is hingedly connected to the connecting rod 203. The lower side of the rocker 204 is located in the groove of the support frame 205. When rocking, it is constrained by the groove and can only rock within a specific angle range within a specific plane. The touch rod 208 is hingedly connected to the rocker 206. One side of the adjustment rod 207 is hinged to the touch rod, and the other side of the adjustment rod 207 is fixed to the rocker 206 through the groove structure and bolt connection of the rocker 206. The action of the adjustment rod 207 maintains a fixed angle between the touch rod 208 and the rocker 206. The angle between the touch rod 208 and the rocker 206 can be changed by changing the connection position of the adjustment rod 207 and the groove of the rocker 206. When the targeted fertilizing section 2 is operating under a forest, as the machine advances, the feeler rod 208 contacts and interacts with the tree trunk. Under the influence of the tree trunk's force on the feeler rod 208, the feeler rod 208 drives the swing arm 206 to swing a certain angle. During the swing of the swing arm 206, a force is exerted on the rocking arm 204, causing the rocking arm 204 to swing a certain angle. Furthermore, under the swing of the rocking arm 204, the connecting rod 203 and the cylindrical valve 213 are subsequently actuated, ultimately moving the cylindrical valve 213 upward. As the cylindrical valve 213 moves upward, the hole structure 2020 below the restraining cylinder 202 is opened, allowing the granular fertilizer in the fertilizer box to fall through the hole structure 2020, and fertilization begins. As the target fertilizing section 2 continues to move forward, after reaching a certain distance, the feeler rod 208 separates from the tree trunk and begins to fall under the weight of the cylindrical valve 213, eventually blocking the hole structure 2020 at the lower end of the restraining cylinder 202 again, and the fertilizer particles stop falling. When the section 208 moves forward to the next tree, the above action is repeated to achieve the target fertilizing effect.

[0061] The weed removal part 3 is based on the principle of a finger-type grass rake to complete the relevant functions. When the machine moves forward, the finger-type grass rake exerts lateral force on the weeds, relying on the lateral force to remove the weeds.

[0062] A method for using an understory soil loosening, weeding and fertilizing device comprises the following steps:

[0063] S1. The forest loosening, weeding and fertilizing device is towed by a tractor with a three-point suspension structure;

[0064] S2. During operation, the vertical loosening unit 103 loosens the soil near the drip line under the forest, and the vertical weeding unit 102 removes the surface weeds so that the weeds float on the surface;

[0065] S3, the target fertilizing part 2 located behind the vertical weeding and loosening part 1 performs a target fertilizing operation on the trees; the core furrow opener 212 is aligned with the vertical loosening unit 103 located in front, and fertilizer is applied in the area where the vertical loosening unit 103 has loosened the soil;

[0066] S4. During the forward movement of the implement, the feeler rod 208 contacts the tree trunk and swings to a certain angle. Then, under the action of the spatial crank slider mechanism, the cylindrical valve 213 rises to a certain height, thereby opening the hole structure 2020 provided on the restraining cylinder 202 and starting fertilizer delivery.

[0067] S5. The machine continues to move forward. After the machine moves forward to a certain extent, the feeler rod 208 quickly separates from the tree trunk. The cylindrical valve 213 falls rapidly under its own gravity, blocking the hole structure 220 provided on the restraining cylinder 202 again, and the fertilizer stops falling.

[0068] S6. Repeat steps S4 to S5 until fertilization is completed.

Claims

1. A device for loosening soil, weeding and fertilizing under forests, characterized in that: include: A vertical weeding and loosening part (1), a target fertilizing part (2) and a weed transfer part (3), wherein the vertical weeding and loosening part (1) is located at the front end of the device, the weed transfer part (3) is located at the rear end of the device, and the target fertilizing part (2) is located in the middle of the device; The target fertilizing part (2) includes a fertilizer box (201), the fertilizer box (201) is placed inside the frame (200) and is fixed to the frame by bolt connection. The constraint cylinder (202) is located at the center of the fertilizer box (201) and the bottom end is fixed to the fertilizer box (201). The cylindrical valve (213) is arranged inside the constraint cylinder (202) and the upper end is hinged to the connecting rod (203). The other end of the connecting rod (203) is hinged to one end of the rocker (204). The other end of the rocker (204) is placed in a groove structure provided on the support frame (205). Under the constraint of the groove structure, the rocker (204) can be rocked within a certain range. The swing adjustment rod (207) adjusts the angle between the touch rod (208) and the swing rod (206) through the groove structure and the bolt. The crossbeam (214) is located inside the fertilizer box (201). A through hole is provided in the middle of the crossbeam (214). The diameter of the through hole is slightly larger than the diameter of the lifting rod (2130) of the cylindrical valve (213). The cylindrical valve (213) can move up and down along the constraint cylinder (202) under the constraint of the constraint cylinder (202) and the crossbeam (214). Four hole structures (220) are provided at the lower end of the constraint cylinder (202). When the cylindrical valve (213) rises, fertilizer falls out through the hole structures (220).

2. The device for loosening soil, weeding and fertilizing under forests according to claim 1, characterized in that: The covering block (210) and the pressing roller (209) are located behind the target fertilizing part (2); the covering block (210) has a V-shaped overall structure; the depth-limiting wheels (211) are located on both sides of the frame (200) and are fixed to the frame by U-shaped bolts; the core plowshare furrow opener (212) is located in front of the frame (200) and is collinear with the vertical loosening unit (103); the constraint cylinder (202) is provided with a through-hole structure (2021) capable of allowing the crossbeam (214) to penetrate; and composite textures (2120) are provided on both outer sides of the core plowshare furrow opener (212), the composite texture (2120) consisting of a groove structure and a triangular prism structure, the triangular prism structure being periodically distributed in the groove structure, and the cross-sectional area of ​​the triangular prism structure gradually increases from zero along the opposite direction of the forward movement of the machine.

3. The device for loosening soil, weeding and fertilizing under forests according to claim 2, characterized in that: The vertical weeding and loosening part (1) includes a reduction gear box (101), a vertical weeding unit (102) and a vertical loosening unit (103); the reduction gear box (101) is located above the frame (100) and connected together by welding offset, the vertical loosening unit (103) is aligned with the vertical weeding unit (102) and arranged horizontally, the vertical loosening unit (103) is located at the outermost side of the frame (100), and there is only one group, and the vertical weeding unit (102) is placed at the other positions; the vertical weeding unit (102) is composed of two vertical weeding knives (1020) and a vertical The invention relates to a vertical weeding cutter disc (1021), wherein two vertical weeding cutters (1020) are located below the vertical weeding cutter disc (1021), and after installation, the two vertical weeding cutters are 180° apart, and the vertical weeding cutters (1020) are provided with a sawtooth structure (10201); the vertical loosening unit (103) is composed of two vertical loosening cutters (1030) and a vertical loosening cutter disc (1031), and the two vertical loosening cutters (1030) are located below the vertical loosening cutter disc (1031), and after installation, the two vertical loosening cutters are 180° apart.

4. The under-forest soil loosening, weeding and fertilizing device according to claim 3, characterized in that: A convex rib structure (10301) is provided on the inner side of the vertical loosening tool (1030); the cross section of the convex rib structure (10301) becomes increasingly larger in the direction opposite to the direction of relative movement of the soil, and the overall structure is a triangular pyramid, so that the vertical loosening tool (1030) increases the loosening ability of the soil and reduces movement resistance during the rotation process.

5. The device for loosening soil, weeding and fertilizing under forests according to claim 4, characterized in that: The weed conveying part (3) comprises a frame 2 (300), an angle adjustment rod (301), a crossbeam 2 (302), a finger plate (303) and a finger plate shaft (304), wherein the frame 2 (300) is provided with walking wheels on both sides, the crossbeam 2 (302) is connected to the frame 2 (300) by a hinged manner and can rotate relative to each other around the hinge shaft, the finger plate (303) rotates freely around the finger plate shaft (304), and the finger plate shaft (304) is welded to the crossbeam 2 (302), one end of the angle adjustment rod (301) is hinged to the crossbeam 2, and the other end is connected to the groove structure by a bolt, and the angle between the crossbeam 2 (302) and the frame 2 (300) is changed by changing the position of the bolt in the groove, thereby adjusting the lateral force and the working width of the weed conveying part (3).

6. A method for using the understory soil loosening, weeding and fertilizing device according to claim 5, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: S1. The forest loosening, weeding and fertilizing device is towed by a tractor with a three-point suspension structure; S2. During operation, the vertical soil loosening unit (103) loosens the soil near the drip line under the forest, and the vertical weeding unit (102) removes the weeds on the ground surface, so that the weeds float on the ground surface; S3, the target fertilizing part (2) located behind the vertical weeding and loosening part (1) performs a target fertilizing operation on the trees; the core plow type furrow opener (212) is aligned with the vertical loosening unit (103) located in front, and fertilizer is applied in the area where the vertical loosening unit (103) has loosened the soil; S4, when the machine moves forward, the touch rod (208) contacts the tree trunk and swings to a certain angle, and under the action of the spatial crank slider mechanism, the cylindrical valve (213) rises to a certain height, thereby opening the hole structure (220) provided on the constraint cylinder (202) and starting to drop fertilizer; S5, the machine continues to move forward, the touch rod (208) quickly separates from the tree trunk after the machine moves forward to a certain extent, and the cylindrical valve (213) quickly falls under the action of its own gravity, blocking the hole structure (220) provided on the constraint cylinder (202) again, and the fertilizer stops falling; S6. Repeat steps S4 to S5 until fertilization is completed.

Images