A biological extract, feed for eliminating the fishy smell of pork, and preparation method thereof

Abstract

The present invention belongs to the technical field of feed additives, and specifically, relates to a biological extract, feed and preparation method for eliminating the fishy smell of pork. The present invention discloses a biological extract for eliminating the fishy smell of pork. According to the weight percentage, the biological extract includes the following ingredients: 10 to 20 parts of citrus peel extract, 10 to 20 parts of grapefruit leaf extract, 5 to 10 parts of purslane extract, 5 to 10 parts of garlic extract, 5 to 10 parts of dew grass extract, 1 to 5 parts of hawthorn extract, and 1 to 5 parts of vetiver extract. The feed of the present invention is nutritionally balanced, and the addition of biological extracts and synergistic additives is conducive to ensuring the health of pigs at different developmental stages, and helps to improve the intestinal microecology of pigs, improve the quality of pork, increase the market price of pork, and significantly improve production efficiency.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the technical field of feed additives, and specifically relates to a biological extract for eliminating the fishy smell of pork, a feed, and a preparation method thereof. Background Art

[0002] Pork, as a meat product rich in nutrition and delicious taste, plays an important role in people's daily life. However, the choice of feed types is directly related to the growth rate and health status of live pigs.

[0003] According to different processing methods, it can be divided into industrial feed and crop feed. Industrial feed is precisely formulated and can provide various nutrients required for the growth of live pigs, ensuring the healthy and rapid growth of live pigs. This nutritionally balanced feed helps to improve the carcass quality and lean meat rate of live pigs. However, some additives are often added to industrial feed, and the unreasonable use of these additives will not only affect the pork quality but also have an impact on the health of consumers. Crop feeds such as corn, wheat bran, and soybean dregs are widely sourced and relatively low in price. In addition, crop feeds contain rich nutritional components such as carbohydrates, proteins, and minerals, which contribute to the growth and development of live pigs. However, the quality of crop feeds is affected by various factors such as climate, planting conditions, and harvesting time, and the quality is unstable.

[0004] Currently, in order to promote the rapid growth of fattening pigs and shorten their growth cycle, farmers use ordinary industrial feed to raise fattening pigs. These feeds often contain some substances such as antibiotics and hormones, resulting in problems such as soft texture, poor taste, strong fishy smell, and poor taste of the raised pork, making it difficult to meet the needs of consumers. Therefore, there is an urgent need for a feed that can eliminate the fishy smell of pork, and at the same time, the feed formula is safe and harmless. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The primary object of the present invention is to provide a biological extract for eliminating the fishy smell of pork, a feed, and a preparation method thereof, so as to obtain pork with a good taste, no fishy smell, and excellent texture.

[0006] To this end, the present invention provides the following technical solutions.

[0007] One aspect of the present invention provides a biological extract for eliminating the fishy smell of pork. By weight, the biological extract includes the following components in the following contents: 10 - 20 parts of citrus peel extract, 10 - 20 parts of grapefruit leaf extract, 5 - 10 parts of purslane extract, 5 - 10 parts of garlic extract, 5 - 10 parts of cyrtopodion extract, 1 - 5 parts of hawthorn extract, and 1 - 5 parts of vetiver extract.

[0008] Another aspect of the present invention provides a feed for eliminating the fishy smell of pork, which includes the biological extract as described above. By weight, the feed includes the following components: 100 - 150 parts of basic feed, 5 - 10 parts of biological extract, and 0.1 - 0.5 parts of synergistic additive.

[0009] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the basic feed is composed of corn, soybean meal, wheat bran, and sweet potato. Among them, the weight ratio of corn, soybean meal, wheat bran, and sweet potato is 1:(1 - 3):(1 - 3):(1 - 5).

[0010] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the feed also contains compound trace elements, and the compound trace elements are composed of zinc, manganese, copper, iron, selenium, iodine, pantothenic acid, niacin, folic acid, linolenic acid, inositol, riboflavin, and choline.

[0011] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the feed also contains compound vitamins, and the compound vitamins are composed of vitamin A, vitamin C, vitamin D3, vitamin E, vitamin K3, vitamin B1, vitamin B2, vitamin B6, and vitamin B12.

[0012] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the synergistic additive is a soft-shelled turtle extract coated with modified sodium alginate.

[0013] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the preparation method of the synergistic additive includes the following steps:

[0014] Dissolve sodium alginate in water to obtain a sodium alginate solution with a concentration of 5 - 10 wt%. Add basic amino acid and cyclodextrin to the obtained sodium alginate solution according to the volume - mass ratio of 100 mL:0.5 - 1 g:1 - 5 g, and at the same time add an initiator for polymerization reaction to obtain modified sodium alginate;

[0015] Add soft - shelled turtle extract to the above - obtained modified sodium alginate according to the mass ratio of 100 g:50 - 100 mg, stir evenly and then add it to a 3 - 10 wt% calcium chloride aqueous solution. Stir at room temperature for 1 - 3 h, let it stand for 20 - 30 min after stirring ends, then filter, wash and dry the obtained product to obtain the synergistic additive.

[0016] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the basic amino acid is selected from any one of lysine, arginine, and histidine.

[0017] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the initiator is selected from any one of sodium persulfate, potassium persulfate, and ammonium persulfate; the addition amount of the initiator is 0.5 - 1% of the mass of cyclodextrin.

[0018] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the soft-shelled turtle extract is soft-shelled turtle peptide with a molecular weight ≤ 1 kDa.

[0019] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the soft-shelled turtle peptide is prepared by the following method:

[0020] (i) After the soft-shelled turtle is conventionally processed, it is steamed with boiling water, cooled, the bones are removed to obtain the meat, and the meat is ground into a paste.

[0021] (ii) 75 - 90% ethanol aqueous solution is added to the obtained paste above, and it is stirred at a speed of 200 - 400 rpm for 5 - 10 min, then filtered and washed with water. Lemon juice is added to the obtained paste to remove fishy smell, and then a compound enzyme preparation is added for enzymatic hydrolysis. After the enzymatic hydrolysis is completed, the enzyme is inactivated, quickly cooled, and centrifuged to obtain the supernatant.

[0022] (iii) The obtained supernatant is filtered through an organic nanofiltration membrane, and the obtained filtrate is sterilized and dried to obtain soft-shelled turtle small molecular polypeptide with a molecular weight ≤ 1 kDa; the molecular weight of the organic nanofiltration membrane is 1000 Da.

[0023] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, in step (ii), the compound enzyme preparation is a mixture composed of pancreatin and animal protease according to a mass ratio of 1:1 - 3.

[0024] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, in step (ii), the enzymatic hydrolysis conditions are: temperature 50 - 70 °C, time 4 - 6 h.

[0025] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, in step (ii), the enzyme inactivation temperature is 95 - 120 °C.

[0026] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, in step (ii), the centrifugation conditions are: speed 8000 - 12000 rpm, time 10 - 20 min.

[0027] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, in step (iii), the pressure during the nanofiltration process is 0.5 - 2.5 Mpa, and the nanofiltration temperature is 15 - 40 °C.

[0028] By the above technical solution, the present invention has at least the following advantages:

[0029] 1. The present invention uses a biological extract as the main active ingredient, which is used in pig feed to feed fattening pigs, improve the intestinal health of fattening pigs, and can eliminate the fishy smell of pork and improve the quality of pork after long-term consumption. The biological extract of the present invention consists of citrus peel extract, pomelo leaf extract, purslane extract, garlic extract, cyrtomium rhizome extract, hawthorn extract, and vetiver extract; among them, in addition to containing certain amounts of conventional components such as moisture, oil, cellulose, and minerals, the citrus peel extract also contains physiological active components such as flavonoids and carotenoids. The citrus peel extract can not only remove fishy smell, but also stimulate gastrointestinal digestion, enhance appetite, and effectively reduce cholesterol. In addition, the citrus peel extract also contains anti-inflammatory and antibacterial active substances, such as hesperidin. Aromatic oil can be extracted from pomelo leaves. Pomelo leaf essential oil contains linalool, nerol, nerol, citronellol, citral, linalyl acetate, etc., and has the fresh aroma of linalool and linalyl acetate. These substances have the effects of removing fishy smell and enhancing fragrance. The purslane extract contains a variety of chemical components, including flavonoid compounds such as quercetin and myricetin, phenolic acid compounds, coumarin compounds, and volatile oils such as linalool, linolenic acid ester, and batrachotol, and also contains some vitamins, amino acids, and organic acids. The purslane extract can not only remove fishy smell, but also resist inflammation and relieve irritation. The garlic extract has the functions of antibacterial, flavoring, and enhancing immunity, and can also improve the quality of animals, detoxify and expel parasites. The above-mentioned substance components interact with each other to play a synergistic effect, and long-term consumption as a feed ingredient can effectively remove the fishy smell of fattening pigs. In addition, the addition of cyrtomium rhizome extract, hawthorn extract, and vetiver extract can improve the immunity of fattening pigs, increase the appetite of fattening pigs, and improve the quality of pork.

[0030] 2. The present invention also adds a synergistic additive on the basis of the basic feed. The synergistic additive of the present invention is a soft-shelled turtle extract coated with modified sodium alginate. The soft-shelled turtle extract therein is soft-shelled turtle peptide with a molecular weight ≤ 1 kDa. The synergistic additive used in the present invention uses soft-shelled turtle peptide with a molecular weight ≤ 1 kDa as the active substance. By adding a small amount to the feed, it can significantly improve the physique of fattening pigs, such as various effects such as antioxidant, blood pressure lowering, and immune regulation. The present invention wraps soft-shelled turtle peptide with modified sodium alginate, which can not only extend the retention time of soft-shelled turtle peptide, but also effectively deliver soft-shelled turtle peptide to the small intestine to promote the absorption effect of soft-shelled turtle peptide.

[0031] 3. The feed of the present invention is nutritionally balanced. By adding the biological extract and the synergistic additive, it is beneficial to ensure the health of pigs at different developmental stages, and is helpful to improve the intestinal microecology of pigs, improve the quality of pork, increase the market price of pork, and significantly improve production efficiency.

[0032] The above description is only an overview of the technical solution of the present invention. In order to better understand the technical means of the present invention and implement it in accordance with the content of the specification, the following provides a detailed description of the preferred embodiments of the present invention as follows. Detailed implementation manners

[0033] In order to make the technical means, creative features, achieved purposes and functions of the present invention easy to understand, the following will clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention in combination with the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative work belong to the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0034] Unless otherwise specified, the experimental methods used in the following embodiments are all conventional methods.

[0035] Unless otherwise specified, the materials, reagents, etc. used in the following embodiments can all be obtained from commercial channels.

[0036] Unless otherwise specified, the citrus peel extract in the biological extract in the following embodiments is prepared by the following method: The citrus peel is dried, crushed and then passed through an 80-mesh sieve, and then mixed with distilled water in a mass ratio of 1:20 and soaked for 12 h. After the soaking is completed, it is transferred to a distillation device and distilled for 3 h; after the distillation is completed, it is cooled, and the volatile organic layer is collected. The remaining aqueous layer is mixed with ethanol in a volume ratio of 1:3 and evaporated at 50 °C and 2 kPa, and the volatile organic layer is collected; the organic layers obtained twice are combined to obtain the citrus peel extract.

[0037] The remaining extracts in the biological extract are all prepared according to the above method and will not be repeated here.

[0038] Unless otherwise specified, the soft-shelled turtle peptides used in the following examples were prepared according to the following method: After the soft-shelled turtle was conventionally processed, it was steamed with boiling water, cooled, boned and deboned, and ground into a meat paste; 2.2 times the mass of the obtained meat paste of 90% ethanol aqueous solution was added to the meat paste and stirred at a speed of 300 rpm for 8 min, then filtered and washed with water to obtain a meat paste material. 2 times the mass of water and 0.1 times the mass of lemon juice were added to the meat paste material to remove fishy smell, and then 0.05 times the mass of the meat paste material of a complex enzyme preparation (a mixture composed of trypsin with an enzyme activity of 2000 u / g and papain with an enzyme activity of 1000 u / g in a mass ratio of 1:2) was added and enzymolyzed at 60 °C for 5 h. After the enzymolysis was completed, the enzyme was inactivated at 110 °C for 15 min, cooled to room temperature, and centrifuged at 12000 rpm for 10 min. The obtained supernatant was filtered through a nanofiltration device. The molecular weight of the nanofiltration membrane was 1000 Da, the operating pressure was 2.0 MPa, the operating temperature was 30 °C, and the membrane surface flow rate was controlled at 4 m / s. The macromolecular part retained by the nanofiltration membrane was collected, then concentrated, freeze-dried and pulverized to obtain soft-shelled turtle peptide powder.

[0039] Example 1:

[0040] Prepare a biological extract: According to the number of parts by weight, mix 15 parts of citrus peel extract, 15 parts of pomelo leaf extract, 7.5 parts of purslane extract, 7.5 parts of garlic extract, 7.5 parts of cymocephalum extract, 3 parts of hawthorn extract, and 3 parts of vetiver extract evenly to obtain a biological extract.

[0041] Prepare a synergistic additive: Dissolve sodium alginate in water to obtain a 7.5 wt% sodium alginate solution, add lysine and cyclodextrin to the obtained sodium alginate solution according to the volume-mass ratio of 100 mL: 0.75 g: 3 g, and at the same time add sodium sulfate (the addition amount is 0.75% of the mass of cyclodextrin) for a polymerization reaction to obtain modified sodium alginate. Add soft-shelled turtle peptide powder to the above-obtained modified sodium alginate according to the mass ratio of 100 g: 75 mg, stir evenly and add it to a 6.5 wt% calcium chloride aqueous solution, stir at room temperature for 2 h, let stand for 25 min after stirring, then filter, wash and dry the obtained product to obtain a synergistic additive.

[0042] Prepare a basic feed: Mix corn, soybean meal, wheat bran, and sweet potato according to the weight ratio of 1:2:2:3 and place them in a pulverizer to pulverize evenly to obtain a basic feed.

[0043] The composition of the compound trace elements in every 1 kg of the basic feed is: 80 mg of zinc sulfate, 85 mg of manganese chloride, 12 mg of copper sulfate, 90 mg of ferrous sulfate, 0.1 mg of sodium selenite, 0.9 mg of potassium iodide, 12 mg of pantothenic acid, 10 mg of nicotinic acid, 2 mg of folic acid, 5 mg of linolenic acid, 1 mg of inositol, 3 mg of riboflavin, and 2 mg of choline.

[0044] The composition of the compound vitamins in every 1 kg of the basic feed is as follows: 8000 IU of vitamin A, 10000 IU of vitamin C, 2000 IU of vitamin D3, 5000 IU of vitamin E, 10000 IU of vitamin K3, 8500 IU of vitamin B1, 1000 IU of vitamin B2, 2500 IU of vitamin B6, and 3500 IU of vitamin B12.

[0045] Mix 125 parts of the above-mentioned basic feed, 7.5 parts of the biological extract, 0.3 part of the synergistic additive, and the compound trace elements and compound vitamins, and then granulate them to obtain the feed.

[0046] Example 2:

[0047] Prepare the biological extract: According to the weight parts, mix 10 parts of citrus peel extract, 20 parts of pomelo leaf extract, 5 parts of purslane extract, 10 parts of garlic extract, 5 parts of cymocephalus extract, 5 parts of hawthorn extract, and 1 part of vetiver extract evenly to obtain the biological extract.

[0048] Prepare the synergistic additive: Dissolve sodium alginate in water to obtain a sodium alginate solution with a concentration of 5 wt%. Add arginine and cyclodextrin to the obtained sodium alginate solution according to the volume-mass ratio of 100 mL: 0.5 g: 1 g, and at the same time add potassium sulfate (the addition amount is 1% of the mass of cyclodextrin) to carry out a polymerization reaction to obtain modified sodium alginate. Add turtle peptide powder to the above-mentioned obtained modified sodium alginate according to the mass ratio of 100 g: 100 mg, stir evenly, then add it to a 3 wt% calcium chloride aqueous solution, stir at room temperature for 1 h, let it stand for 30 min after stirring, then filter, wash and dry the obtained product to obtain the synergistic additive.

[0049] Prepare the basic feed: Mix corn, soybean meal, wheat bran, and sweet potato according to the weight ratio of 1:3:1:5, and place them in a pulverizer to pulverize evenly to obtain the basic feed.

[0050] The composition of the compound trace elements in every 1 kg of the basic feed is as follows: 80 mg of zinc sulfate, 85 mg of manganese chloride, 12 mg of copper sulfate, 90 mg of ferrous sulfate, 0.1 mg of sodium selenite, 0.9 mg of potassium iodide, 12 mg of pantothenic acid, 10 mg of nicotinic acid, 2 mg of folic acid, 5 mg of linolenic acid, 1 mg of inositol, 3 mg of riboflavin, and 2 mg of choline.

[0051] The composition of the compound vitamins in every 1 kg of the basic feed is as follows: 8000 IU of vitamin A, 10000 IU of vitamin C, 2000 IU of vitamin D3, 5000 IU of vitamin E, 10000 IU of vitamin K3, 8500 IU of vitamin B1, 1000 IU of vitamin B2, 2500 IU of vitamin B6, and 3500 IU of vitamin B12.

[0052] Mix 100 parts of the above-mentioned basic feed, 5 parts of the biological extract, 0.1 part of the synergistic additive, and the compound trace elements and compound vitamins, and then granulate to obtain the feed.

[0053] Example 3:

[0054] Prepare the biological extract: Mix 20 parts of citrus peel extract, 10 parts of pomelo leaf extract, 10 parts of purslane extract, 5 parts of garlic extract, 10 parts of cyrtopodion kukunoris extract, 1 part of hawthorn extract, and 5 parts of vetiver extract evenly by weight to obtain the biological extract.

[0055] Prepare the synergistic additive: Dissolve sodium alginate in water to obtain a sodium alginate solution with a concentration of 10 wt%. Add histidine and cyclodextrin to the obtained sodium alginate solution in an amount of 100 mL: 1 g: 5 g by volume-mass ratio, and at the same time add sodium sulfate (the addition amount is 0.5% of the mass of cyclodextrin) for polymerization reaction to obtain modified sodium alginate. Add turtle peptide powder to the above-obtained modified sodium alginate in an amount of 100 g: 50 mg by mass ratio, stir evenly, then add it to a 10 wt% calcium chloride aqueous solution, stir at room temperature for 3 h, let it stand for 20 min after stirring, then filter, wash and dry the obtained product to obtain the synergistic additive.

[0056] Prepare the basic feed: Mix corn, soybean meal, wheat bran, and sweet potato in an amount of 1:1:3:1 by weight, place them in a pulverizer and pulverize evenly to obtain the basic feed.

[0057] The composition of the compound trace elements in every 1 kg of the basic feed is as follows: 80 mg of zinc sulfate, 85 mg of manganese chloride, 12 mg of copper sulfate, 90 mg of ferrous sulfate, 0.1 mg of sodium selenite, 0.9 mg of potassium iodide, 12 mg of pantothenic acid, 10 mg of nicotinic acid, 2 mg of folic acid, 5 mg of linolenic acid, 1 mg of inositol, 3 mg of riboflavin, and 2 mg of choline.

[0058] The composition of the compound vitamins in every 1 kg of the basic feed is as follows: 8000 IU of vitamin A, 10000 IU of vitamin C, 2000 IU of vitamin D3, 5000 IU of vitamin E, 10000 IU of vitamin K3, 8500 IU of vitamin B1, 1000 IU of vitamin B2, 2500 IU of vitamin B6, and 3500 IU of vitamin B12.

[0059] Mix 150 parts of the above-mentioned basic feed, 10 parts of the biological extract, 0.5 part of the synergistic additive, and the compound trace elements and compound vitamins, and then granulate to obtain the feed.

[0060] Comparative Example 1:

[0061] Prepare the biological extract: Mix 15 parts of pomelo leaf extract, 7.5 parts of purslane extract, 7.5 parts of garlic extract, 7.5 parts of cyrtopodion extract, 3 parts of hawthorn extract, and 3 parts of vetiver extract evenly by weight to obtain the biological extract.

[0062] Prepare the synergistic additive: Dissolve sodium alginate in water to obtain a sodium alginate solution with a concentration of 7.5 wt%. Add lysine and cyclodextrin to the obtained sodium alginate solution in an amount of 100 mL: 0.75 g: 3 g by volume-mass ratio, and at the same time add sodium sulfate (the addition amount is 0.75% of the mass of cyclodextrin) for a polymerization reaction to obtain modified sodium alginate. Add turtle peptide powder to the above-obtained modified sodium alginate in an amount of 100 g: 75 mg by mass ratio, stir evenly, then add it to a 6.5 wt% calcium chloride aqueous solution, stir at room temperature for 2 h, let it stand for 25 min after stirring, then filter, wash and dry the obtained product to obtain the synergistic additive.

[0063] Prepare the basic feed: Mix corn, soybean meal, wheat bran, and sweet potato in an amount of 1:2:2:3 by weight, place them in a pulverizer and pulverize evenly to obtain the basic feed.

[0064] The composition of the compound trace elements in every 1 kg of the basic feed is: 80 mg of zinc sulfate, 85 mg of manganese chloride, 12 mg of copper sulfate, 90 mg of ferrous sulfate, 0.1 mg of sodium selenite, 0.9 mg of potassium iodide, 12 mg of pantothenic acid, 10 mg of niacin, 2 mg of folic acid, 5 mg of linolenic acid, 1 mg of inositol, 3 mg of riboflavin, and 2 mg of choline.

[0065] The composition of the compound vitamins in every 1 kg of the basic feed is: 8000 IU of vitamin A, 10000 IU of vitamin C, 2000 IU of vitamin D3, 5000 IU of vitamin E, 10000 IU of vitamin K3, 8500 IU of vitamin B1, 1000 IU of vitamin B2, 2500 IU of vitamin B6, and 3500 IU of vitamin B12.

[0066] Mix 125 parts of the above-mentioned basic feed, 7.5 parts of the biological extract, 0.3 part of the synergistic additive, and the compound trace elements and compound vitamins, and then granulate to obtain the feed.

[0067] Comparative Example 2:

[0068] Preparation of biological extract: By weight, 15 parts of citrus peel extract, 7.5 parts of purslane extract, 7.5 parts of garlic extract, 7.5 parts of cymocephalus extract, 3 parts of hawthorn extract, and 3 parts of vetiver extract were mixed evenly to obtain the biological extract.

[0069] Preparation of synergistic additive: Sodium alginate was dissolved in water to obtain a sodium alginate solution with a concentration of 7.5 wt%. Lysine and cyclodextrin were added to the obtained sodium alginate solution in an amount of 100 mL: 0.75 g: 3 g by volume-mass ratio. At the same time, sodium sulfate (the addition amount was 0.75% of the mass of cyclodextrin) was added for polymerization reaction to obtain modified sodium alginate. Turtle peptide powder was added to the above-obtained modified sodium alginate in an amount of 100 g: 75 mg by mass ratio. After stirring evenly, it was added to a 6.5 wt% calcium chloride aqueous solution, stirred at room temperature for 2 h, allowed to stand for 25 min after stirring, then filtered, and the obtained product was washed and dried to obtain the synergistic additive.

[0070] Preparation of basic feed: Corn, soybean meal, wheat bran, and sweet potato were mixed in a weight ratio of 1:2:2:3 and placed in a pulverizer to be pulverized evenly to obtain the basic feed.

[0071] The composition of compound trace elements in every 1 kg of basic feed was: 80 mg of zinc sulfate, 85 mg of manganese chloride, 12 mg of copper sulfate, 90 mg of ferrous sulfate, 0.1 mg of sodium selenite, 0.9 mg of potassium iodide, 12 mg of pantothenic acid, 10 mg of niacin, 2 mg of folic acid, 5 mg of linolenic acid, 1 mg of inositol, 3 mg of riboflavin, and 2 mg of choline.

[0072] The composition of compound vitamins in every 1 kg of basic feed was: 8000 IU of vitamin A, 10000 IU of vitamin C, 2000 IU of vitamin D3, 5000 IU of vitamin E, 10000 IU of vitamin K3, 8500 IU of vitamin B1, 1000 IU of vitamin B2, 2500 IU of vitamin B6, and 3500 IU of vitamin B12.

[0073] 125 parts of the above basic feed, 7.5 parts of the biological extract, 0.3 parts of the synergistic additive, and the compound trace elements and compound vitamins were mixed and granulated to obtain the feed.

[0074] Control Example 3:

[0075] Preparation of synergistic additive: Sodium alginate was dissolved in water to obtain a sodium alginate solution with a concentration of 7.5 wt%. Lysine and cyclodextrin were added to the obtained sodium alginate solution in an amount of 100 mL: 0.75 g: 3 g by volume-mass ratio. At the same time, sodium sulfate (the addition amount was 0.75% of the mass of cyclodextrin) was added for polymerization reaction to obtain modified sodium alginate. Turtle peptide powder was added to the above-obtained modified sodium alginate in an amount of 100 g: 75 mg by mass ratio. After stirring evenly, it was added to a 6.5 wt% calcium chloride aqueous solution, stirred at room temperature for 2 h, allowed to stand for 25 min after stirring, and then filtered. The obtained product was washed and dried to obtain the synergistic additive.

[0076] Preparation of basic feed: Corn, soybean meal, wheat bran, and sweet potato were mixed in a weight ratio of 1:2:2:3 and placed in a pulverizer to be pulverized evenly to obtain the basic feed.

[0077] The composition of compound trace elements in every 1 kg of basic feed was: 80 mg of zinc sulfate, 85 mg of manganese chloride, 12 mg of copper sulfate, 90 mg of ferrous sulfate, 0.1 mg of sodium selenite, 0.9 mg of potassium iodide, 12 mg of pantothenic acid, 10 mg of nicotinic acid, 2 mg of folic acid, 5 mg of linolenic acid, 1 mg of inositol, 3 mg of riboflavin, and 2 mg of choline.

[0078] The composition of compound vitamins in every 1 kg of basic feed was: 8000 IU of vitamin A, 10000 IU of vitamin C, 2000 IU of vitamin D3, 5000 IU of vitamin E, 10000 IU of vitamin K3, 8500 IU of vitamin B1, 1000 IU of vitamin B2, 2500 IU of vitamin B6, and 3500 IU of vitamin B12.

[0079] 125 parts of the above basic feed, 0.3 parts of the synergistic additive, and compound trace elements and compound vitamins were mixed and granulated to obtain the feed.

[0080] Control 4:

[0081] Preparation of biological extract: According to the weight parts, 15 parts of citrus peel extract, 15 parts of pomelo leaf extract, 7.5 parts of purslane extract, 7.5 parts of garlic extract, 7.5 parts of cymo-bark root extract, 3 parts of hawthorn extract, and 3 parts of vetiver extract were mixed evenly to obtain the biological extract.

[0082] Preparation of synergistic additive: Turtle peptide powder was added to sodium alginate in an amount of 100 g: 75 mg by mass ratio. After stirring evenly, it was added to a 6.5 wt% calcium chloride aqueous solution, stirred at room temperature for 2 h, allowed to stand for 25 min after stirring, and then filtered. The obtained product was washed and dried to obtain the synergistic additive.

[0083] Preparation of basic feed: Mix corn, soybean meal, wheat bran, and sweet potatoes in a weight ratio of 1:2:2:3, place them in a pulverizer and pulverize evenly to obtain the basic feed.

[0084] The composition of compound trace elements in every 1 kg of basic feed is: 80 mg of zinc sulfate, 85 mg of manganese chloride, 12 mg of copper sulfate, 90 mg of ferrous sulfate, 0.1 mg of sodium selenite, 0.9 mg of potassium iodide, 12 mg of pantothenic acid, 10 mg of niacin, 2 mg of folic acid, 5 mg of linolenic acid, 1 mg of inositol, 3 mg of riboflavin, and 2 mg of choline.

[0085] The composition of compound vitamins in every 1 kg of basic feed is: 8000 IU of vitamin A, 10000 IU of vitamin C, 2000 IU of vitamin D3, 5000 IU of vitamin E, 10000 IU of vitamin K3, 8500 IU of vitamin B1, 1000 IU of vitamin B2, 2500 IU of vitamin B6, and 3500 IU of vitamin B12.

[0086] Mix 125 parts of the above basic feed, 7.5 parts of biological extract, 0.3 part of synergistic additive, and compound trace elements and compound vitamins, and granulate them to obtain the feed.

[0087] Control Example 5:

[0088] Preparation of biological extract: Mix 15 parts of citrus peel extract, 15 parts of pomelo leaf extract, 7.5 parts of purslane extract, 7.5 parts of garlic extract, 7.5 parts of Cyanotis arachnoidea extract, 3 parts of hawthorn extract, and 3 parts of vetiver extract evenly by weight to obtain the biological extract.

[0089] Preparation of basic feed: Mix corn, soybean meal, wheat bran, and sweet potatoes in a weight ratio of 1:2:2:3, place them in a pulverizer and pulverize evenly to obtain the basic feed.

[0090] The composition of compound trace elements in every 1 kg of basic feed is: 80 mg of zinc sulfate, 85 mg of manganese chloride, 12 mg of copper sulfate, 90 mg of ferrous sulfate, 0.1 mg of sodium selenite, 0.9 mg of potassium iodide, 12 mg of pantothenic acid, 10 mg of niacin, 2 mg of folic acid, 5 mg of linolenic acid, 1 mg of inositol, 3 mg of riboflavin, and 2 mg of choline.

[0091] The composition of compound vitamins in every 1 kg of basic feed is: 8000 IU of vitamin A, 10000 IU of vitamin C, 2000 IU of vitamin D3, 5000 IU of vitamin E, 10000 IU of vitamin K3, 8500 IU of vitamin B1, 1000 IU of vitamin B2, 2500 IU of vitamin B6, and 3500 IU of vitamin B12.

[0092] Mix 125 parts of the above-mentioned basic feed, 7.5 parts of the biological extract, and the compound trace elements and compound vitamins, and then granulate to obtain the feed.

[0093] Comparative Example 6:

[0094] Prepare the basic feed: Mix corn, soybean meal, wheat bran, and sweet potato in a weight ratio of 1:2:2:3, place them in a pulverizer and pulverize evenly to obtain the basic feed.

[0095] The composition of the compound trace elements in every 1 kg of the basic feed is: 80 mg of zinc sulfate, 85 mg of manganese chloride, 12 mg of copper sulfate, 90 mg of ferrous sulfate, 0.1 mg of sodium selenite, 0.9 mg of potassium iodide, 12 mg of pantothenic acid, 10 mg of niacin, 2 mg of folic acid, 5 mg of linolenic acid, 1 mg of inositol, 3 mg of riboflavin, and 2 mg of choline.

[0096] The composition of the compound vitamins in every 1 kg of the basic feed is: 8000 IU of vitamin A, 10000 IU of vitamin C, 2000 IU of vitamin D3, 5000 IU of vitamin E, 10000 IU of vitamin K3, 8500 IU of vitamin B1, 1000 IU of vitamin B2, 2500 IU of vitamin B6, and 3500 IU of vitamin B12.

[0097] Mix 125 parts of the above-mentioned basic feed and the compound trace elements and compound vitamins, and then granulate to obtain the feed.

[0098] Experiment 1: Effects of different feeds on the growth performance of fattening pigs

[0099] This experiment explored the effects of different feeds on the growth performance of fattening pigs. The specific experimental process was as follows: Select 81 healthy growing pigs with a body weight of 20 ± 2 kg, randomly divide them into 9 groups, with 9 pigs in each group. Groups 1 to 9 were fed equal amounts of the feeds of Examples 1 to 3 and Comparative Examples 1 to 6 respectively. The total experimental period was 28 days. Record the feed intake every day, weigh the pigs on an empty stomach in the morning at the beginning and end of the experiment respectively, and calculate the average daily feed intake, daily weight gain, and feed-to-weight ratio respectively. The feeding management and epidemic prevention procedures were carried out according to the daily standards on the farm. During the experiment, the pigs were fed three times a day, at 8:00 am, 12:00 noon, and 18:00 pm respectively. The pigs in each group were allowed to eat and drink freely, and the feeding benchmark was based on no remaining feed half an hour after feeding. The experimental results are shown in Table 1.

[0100] Average daily feed intake / g = total feed intake / experimental days × total number of pigs.

[0101] Average daily weight gain / g = (final measured weight - initial measured weight) / experimental days.

[0102] Feed-to-weight ratio = total feed consumption / (final weight - initial weight) × 100%.

[0103] Table 1 Effects of Different Feeds on the Growth Performance of Finishing Pigs

[0104] Growth performance Initial weight / kg Final weight / kg Average daily gain / g Average daily feed intake / g Feed to weight ratio Example 1 21.59 27.07 195.72 382.48 1.95 Example 2 20.84 26.14 189.28 380.79 2.01 Example 3 21.25 26.61 191.47 384.51 2.01 Comparative example 1 20.69 25.87 184.96 383.28 2.07 Comparative example 2 20.94 26.16 186.27 381.64 2.05 Comparative example 3 21.87 26.44 163.28 383.03 2.35 Comparative example 4 19.91 25.12 185.94 378.94 2.04 Comparative example 5 21.33 26.11 170.73 380.22 2.23 Comparative example 6 20.58 24.42 137.16 382.07 2.79

[0105] It can be seen from the results in Table 1 that, compared with Comparative Examples 1-6, the feeds of Examples 1-3 of the present invention can significantly improve the growth performance of finishing pigs after being used to feed finishing pigs. Under the condition that the average daily feed intake is about the same, the finishing pigs in Examples 1-3 have significantly higher absorption of the feed, specifically manifested as the increase in weight and average daily weight gain. Compared with Example 1, the feeds of Comparative Examples 1-6 all reduce the growth performance of finishing pigs to a certain extent, which indicates that the biological extracts and synergistic additives added in the feed of the present invention can promote the growth of pigs.

[0106] At the end of the experiment, the pigs were fasted for 12 h, 3 experimental finishing pigs were randomly selected from each group, 10 mL of blood was collected from the anterior vena cava, and after standing for 30 min, it was centrifuged at 4000 r / min for 10 min, and the upper-layer serum was separated and stored at -20 °C. ELISA kits (purchased from Shanghai Yiyan Biotechnology Co., Ltd.) were used to measure various immune indexes. The results were averaged and are shown in Table 2.

[0107] Table 2 Detection of Serum Immune Function Indexes of Pigs in Each Group

[0108] Immune function index <![CDATA[IgG / (g·L -1 )]]> <![CDATA[IgM / (g·L -1 )]]> <![CDATA[IgA / (g·L -1 )]]> <![CDATA[IL-4 / (ng·L -1 )]]> Example 1 3.29 1.25 1.58 192.37 Comparative example 1 3.21 1.14 1.48 190.05 Comparative example 2 3.18 1.17 1.51 191.11 Comparative example 3 2.64 0.93 1.33 164.07 Comparative example 4 3.24 1.21 1.54 191.98 Comparative example 5 2.87 1.02 1.42 178.85 Comparative example 6 2.52 0.81 1.24 152.73

[0109] It can be seen from the results in Table 2 that after adding biological extracts and synergistic additives to the basal diet in the present invention, the levels of serum IgG, IgA, IgM, and IL-4 in the pigs of Example 1 group are significantly higher than those in the groups of Comparative Examples 1-6. This result proves that the addition of biological extracts and synergistic additives can improve the immune response function of pigs and enhance the self-immunity of pigs.

[0110] Experiment 2: Evaluation of the Fishy Odor of Pork from Finishing Pigs Fed with Different Feeds

[0111] In this experiment, 10 sensory evaluation personnel were randomly selected, aged between 20 and 40 years old, who had all systematically studied the sensory evaluation course and had rich sensory evaluation experience. The finishing pigs fed with the feeds of Example 1 and Comparative Examples 1-6 were used as the test objects. After the pigs in each group were slaughtered, the pork was steamed and tasted by the evaluators, and the degree of fishy odor (0-5) was recorded in the form of scores, where 0 - indicates no fishy odor, 1 - indicates a weak fishy odor, 2 - indicates a fishy odor, 3 - indicates a relatively strong fishy odor, 4 - indicates a strong fishy odor, 5 - indicates a very strong fishy odor. Finally, the average value of the odor values was selected, and the results are shown in Table 3.

[0112] Table 3 Sensory Scores of Pork from Finishing Pigs Fed with Different Feeds

[0113]

[0114]

[0115] The results in Table 3 above show that the fishy and offensive odor of the fattening pigs fed with the feed of Example 1 with the addition of biological extracts and synergistic additives is significantly lower than that of the control groups 1-6. Therefore, adding biological extracts and synergistic additives to the feed can reduce the fishy and offensive odor of fattening pigs, and the combined effect of biological extracts and synergistic additives can enhance the effect of reducing the fishy and offensive odor of pork.

[0116] As mentioned above, it is only the preferred embodiment of the present invention, and there is no any form of limitation to the present invention. Although the present invention has been disclosed above with the preferred embodiment, it is not intended to limit the present invention. Any person skilled in the art can make some changes or modifications and equivalent variations within the scope of the technical solution of the present invention by using the methods and technical contents disclosed above. However, as long as it does not depart from the content of the technical solution of the present invention, any simple modification, equivalent variation and modification made to the above embodiments according to the technical essence of the present invention still fall within the scope of the technical solution of the present invention.

Claims

1. A feed for eliminating the fishy smell of pork, characterized in that, The feed, calculated by weight parts, comprises: 100 - 150 parts of basic feed, 5 - 10 parts of biological extract, and 0.1 - 0.5 parts of synergistic additive; The biological extract is: 10 - 20 parts of citrus peel extract, 10 - 20 parts of pomelo leaf extract, 5 - 10 parts of purslane extract, 5 - 10 parts of garlic extract, 5 - 10 parts of cyrtopodion extract, 1 - 5 parts of hawthorn extract, and 1 - 5 parts of vetiver extract; The synergistic additive is turtle extract coated with modified sodium alginate, and the turtle extract is turtle peptide with molecular weight ≤ 1 kDa; The preparation method of the synergistic additive includes: dissolving sodium alginate in water to obtain a sodium alginate solution with a concentration of 5 - 10 wt%, adding basic amino acid and cyclodextrin to the obtained sodium alginate solution according to the volume - mass ratio of 100 mL: 0.5 - 1 g: 1 - 5 g, and simultaneously adding an initiator to carry out a polymerization reaction to obtain modified sodium alginate; adding turtle extract to the above - obtained modified sodium alginate according to the mass ratio of 100 g: 50 - 100 mg, stirring evenly and then adding it to a 3 - 10 wt% calcium chloride aqueous solution, stirring at room temperature for 1 - 3 h, then standing for 20 - 30 min, filtering, washing, and drying to obtain the synergistic additive; The basic amino acid is selected from lysine, arginine, or histidine; The initiator is selected from sodium persulfate, potassium persulfate, or ammonium persulfate; The initiator is 0.5 - 1% of the mass of cyclodextrin; The preparation method of citrus peel extract: drying and pulverizing citrus peel, sieving it through a 80 - mesh sieve, mixing it with distilled water according to the mass ratio of 1:20, soaking for 12 h, transferring it to a distillation device and distilling for 3 h; then cooling, collecting the volatile organic layer, mixing the remaining aqueous layer with ethanol according to the volume ratio of 1:3 and evaporating it at 50 °C and 2 KPa, collecting the volatile organic layer; combining the organic layers obtained twice to obtain citrus peel extract; The preparation methods of other raw materials in the biological extract are the same as that of citrus peel extract.

2. The feed for eliminating the fishy smell of pork according to claim 1, characterized in that, The composition of the basic feed is: corn, soybean meal, wheat bran, and sweet potato; Among them, the weight ratio of corn, soybean meal, wheat bran, and sweet potato is 1:(1 - 3):(1 - 3):(1 - 5).

3. The feed for eliminating the fishy smell of pork according to claim 1, characterized in that There is also compound trace elements in the feed, and the composition of the compound trace elements is: zinc, manganese, copper, iron, selenium, iodine, pantothenic acid, nicotinic acid, folic acid, linolenic acid, inositol, riboflavin, and choline.

4. The feed for eliminating the fishy smell of pork according to claim 1, wherein There is also compound vitamins in the feed, and the composition of the compound vitamins is: vitamin A, vitamin C, vitamin D3, vitamin E, vitamin K3, vitamin B1, vitamin B2, vitamin B6, and vitamin B12.

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