A multi-degree-of-freedom dump truck

Abstract

The present invention provides a multi-degree-of-freedom dump carriage, which relates to the technical field of dump carriages, including a carriage body and a load-bearing frame, wherein three automatic telescopic mechanisms are arranged between the carriage body and the load-bearing frame, the automatic telescopic mechanisms are arranged obliquely, the upper end of the automatic telescopic mechanism is connected to the bottom wall of the carriage body through an upper hinge, and the lower end of the automatic telescopic mechanism is connected to the upper surface of the load-bearing frame through a lower hinge. In the present invention, through the telescopic and mutual cooperation of the three automatic telescopic mechanisms, the carriage body can complete three different actions of lifting, backward flipping, and side flipping on the load-bearing frame, thereby improving the flexibility and adaptability of the dump carriage.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of dump carriages, and in particular to a multi-degree-of-freedom dump carriage. Background Art

[0002] As an important component of a dump truck, the dump compartment is generally made of high-strength materials and has a strong load-bearing capacity, which can meet various heavy-load transportation needs. The dump compartment can realize automatic unloading of goods through devices such as hydraulic lifting mechanisms, greatly improving the unloading efficiency.

[0003] For example, a Chinese patent with authorization announcement number CN113771721B discloses a side-tipping dump semi-trailer carriage, including a frame and a controller; a carriage is installed on the upper end of the frame; wheels are rotatably installed on the lower end of the frame; the carriage includes a body and side panels; the side panels are hinged to the body; the controller is used to control the operation of the entire carriage; a pushing module is provided at the bottom end of the body; the pushing module is used to push materials to be dumped from one side of the carriage; the present invention, through the arrangement of the pushing module, enables the pushing module to push the goods in the carriage without deflecting the carriage, so that the goods in the carriage are dumped out from the open side of the carriage, avoiding the overturning of the carriage, reducing the center of gravity offset when dumping the goods in the carriage, reducing the risk of overturning, and thus improving the safety of vehicle unloading.

[0004] The above-mentioned carriage can be tipped to one side to complete unloading. However, the side-tipping carriage has high requirements on the flatness of the unloading site. If the unloading site is uneven, the carriage may not be able to tip over smoothly or may cause a rollover accident due to the shift of the center of gravity, affecting the unloading efficiency and the stability of the carriage. It has poor adaptability and poses a safety hazard. Summary of the invention

[0005] The invention provides a multi-freedom dump carriage, which is used to solve the technical problem of poor adaptability of the current dump carriage.

[0006] In order to solve the above technical problems, the present invention discloses a multi-degree-of-freedom dump car, comprising: a car body and a load-bearing frame, three automatic telescopic mechanisms are arranged between the car body and the load-bearing frame, the automatic telescopic mechanisms are arranged at an angle, the upper ends of the automatic telescopic mechanisms are connected to the bottom wall of the car body through an upper hinge, and the lower ends of the automatic telescopic mechanisms are connected to the upper surface of the load-bearing frame through a lower hinge.

[0007] Preferably, the three automatic telescopic mechanisms are distributed in a circular array about the central axis of the carriage body.

[0008] Preferably, both the upper hinge and the lower hinge are Hook hinges.

[0009] Preferably, the connecting line between the three upper hinges forms an equilateral triangle, the connecting line between the three lower hinges forms an equilateral triangle, and the area of ​​the equilateral triangle formed by the three upper hinges is smaller than the area of ​​the equilateral triangle formed by the three lower hinges.

[0010] Preferably, a fixing mechanism is provided on the load-bearing frame, the fixing mechanism includes a fixing platform, the fixing platform is provided on the load-bearing frame, the fixing platform is located directly below the car body, a sliding rail is provided between the fixing platform and the lower hinge, the sliding rail is provided on the upper surface of the load-bearing frame, a long slide is slidably provided on the upper surface of the sliding rail, a connecting rod is provided between the long slide and the sleeve end of the automatic telescopic mechanism, one end of the connecting rod is rotatably connected to the upper surface of the long slide, the other end of the connecting rod is rotatably connected to the sleeve end of the automatic telescopic mechanism near the middle position, an electric telescopic rod is provided at the center of the upper surface of the fixed platform, and a pressure plate is provided at the upper end of the electric telescopic rod.

[0011] Preferably, the cross section of the pressing plate is circular.

[0012] Preferably, a pressing ring is arranged on the lower surface of the pressing plate. The pressing ring is made of an elastic non-slip material and is in a circular ring shape. The center of the pressing ring and the center of the pressing plate are on the same vertical line.

[0013] Preferably, a plurality of first anti-slip grooves are arranged on the lower surface of the pressure ring, and a second anti-slip groove is arranged on the upper surface of the long slide, and the first anti-slip grooves are matched with the second anti-slip grooves.

[0014] Preferably, a protective mechanism is arranged outside the automatic telescopic mechanism, and the protective mechanism includes a fixed protective tube, which is sleeved on the outer wall of the sleeve end of the automatic telescopic mechanism, the lower end of the fixed protective tube is connected to the lower end of the sleeve end of the automatic telescopic mechanism, a sliding protective tube is arranged inside the fixed protective tube for axial sliding along the fixed protective tube, and the upper end of the sliding protective tube is connected to the upper end of the telescopic end of the automatic telescopic mechanism.

[0015] Preferably, a plurality of axial grooves are arranged on the outer wall of the fixed protective tube at equal intervals along the axial direction of the fixed protective tube, two movable blocks are arranged for sliding in the axial grooves, a connecting spring is arranged on the side of the two movable blocks away from each other, one end of the connecting spring away from the movable block is connected to the inner wall of the axial groove, a protective plate is arranged outside the axial groove, a protrusion is arranged on the side of the protective plate close to the axial groove, a connecting rod is arranged between the movable blocks and the protrusion, one end of the connecting rod is hingedly connected to the outer wall of the movable block, and the other end of the connecting rod is hingedly connected to the outer wall of the protrusion.

[0016] The technical solution of the present invention has the following advantages: The present invention provides a multi-degree-of-freedom dump truck, which relates to the technical field of dump trucks, including a truck body and a load-bearing frame, three automatic telescopic mechanisms are arranged between the truck body and the load-bearing frame, the automatic telescopic mechanisms are arranged at an angle, the upper end of the automatic telescopic mechanism is connected to the bottom wall of the truck body through an upper hinge, and the lower end of the automatic telescopic mechanism is connected to the upper surface of the load-bearing frame through a lower hinge. In the present invention, through the telescopic and mutual cooperation of the three automatic telescopic mechanisms, the truck body can complete three different actions of lifting, backward flipping, and side flipping on the load-bearing frame, thereby improving the flexibility and adaptability of the dump truck.

[0017] Other features and advantages of the present invention will be described in the following description, and partly become apparent from the description, or understood by practicing the present invention. The purpose and other advantages of the present invention can be realized and obtained by the devices particularly pointed out in the written description and the drawings of the description.

[0018] The technical solution of the present invention is further described in detail below through the accompanying drawings and embodiments. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0019] The accompanying drawings are used to provide a further understanding of the present invention and constitute a part of the specification. Together with the embodiments of the present invention, they are used to explain the present invention and do not constitute a limitation of the present invention. In the accompanying drawings:

[0020] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of a multi-degree-of-freedom dump truck compartment of the present invention;

[0021] Figure 2 This is a front view of a multi-degree-of-freedom dump truck compartment of the present invention;

[0022] Figure 3 For the present invention Figure 2 Partial cross-sectional view at AA in the middle;

[0023] Figure 4 A top view of a multi-degree-of-freedom dump truck compartment of the present invention;

[0024] Figure 5 It is a schematic diagram of the fixing mechanism in the present invention;

[0025] Figure 6 For the present invention Figure 5 A magnified view of the structure at B in the middle;

[0026] Figure 7 A bottom view of the pressure plate in the present invention;

[0027] Figure 8 It is a partial schematic diagram of the protection mechanism in the present invention;

[0028] Fig. 9For the present invention Figure 8 Enlarged view of the structure at point C in the middle.

[0029] In the figure: 1. Carriage body; 2. Carriage frame; 3. Automatic telescopic mechanism; 4. Upper hinge; 5. Lower hinge; 6. Fixed platform; 7. Slide rail; 8. Long slide; 9. Connecting rod; 10. Electric telescopic rod; 11. Pressing plate; 12. Pressing ring; 13. Fixed protection tube; 14. Sliding protection tube; 15. Axial groove; 16. Moving block; 17. Connecting spring; 18. Protection plate; 19. Bump; 20. Connecting support rod; 21. Protection shell; 22. Buffer slide; 23. Sliding rod; 24. Sliding hole; 25. Guide spring; 26. Pushing plate; 27. Limiting groove; 28. Compression spring; 29. ​​Fixed pillar; 30. Mounting hole; 31. Support column; 32. Reset spring; 33. Support block. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0030] The preferred embodiments of the present invention are described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. It should be understood that the preferred embodiments described herein are only used to illustrate and explain the present invention, and are not used to limit the present invention.

[0031] In addition, in the present invention, the descriptions of "first", "second", etc. are only used for descriptive purposes, and do not specifically refer to the order or sequence, nor are they used to limit the present invention. They are only used to distinguish components or operations described with the same technical terms, and cannot be understood as indicating or implying their relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated. Therefore, the features defined as "first" and "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one of the features. In addition, the technical solutions and technical features between the various embodiments can be combined with each other, but they must be based on the ability of ordinary technicians in the field to implement them. When the combination of technical solutions is contradictory or cannot be implemented, it should be considered that such a combination of technical solutions does not exist and is not within the scope of protection required by the present invention.

[0032] Example 1

[0033] The embodiment of the present invention provides a multi-degree-of-freedom dump truck, such as Figure 1-Figure 9 As shown, it comprises: a carriage body 1 and a load-bearing frame 2, three automatic telescopic mechanisms 3 are arranged between the carriage body 1 and the load-bearing frame 2, the automatic telescopic mechanisms 3 are arranged obliquely, the upper ends of the automatic telescopic mechanisms 3 are connected to the bottom wall of the carriage body 1 through upper hinges 4, and the lower ends of the automatic telescopic mechanisms 3 are connected to the upper surface of the load-bearing frame 2 through lower hinges 5;

[0034] The three automatic telescopic mechanisms 3 are distributed in a ring array about the central axis of the carriage body 1;

[0035] The upper hinge 4 and the lower hinge 5 both adopt Hooke hinges;

[0036] The connecting line between the three upper hinges 4 forms an equilateral triangle, the connecting line between the three lower hinges 5 forms an equilateral triangle, and the area of ​​the equilateral triangle formed by the three upper hinges 4 is smaller than the area of ​​the equilateral triangle formed by the three lower hinges 5 .

[0037] The working principle and beneficial effects of the above technical scheme are as follows: three automatic telescopic mechanisms 3 are arranged between the carriage body 1 and the load-bearing frame 2, the automatic telescopic mechanisms 3 are electric push rods, three upper hinges 4 are arranged on the bottom wall of the carriage body 1, and lower hinges 5 corresponding to the upper hinges 4 are arranged on the upper surface of the load-bearing frame 2, the upper hinges 4 and the lower hinges 5 are connected through the automatic telescopic mechanism 3, the lower end of the sleeve end of the automatic telescopic mechanism 3 is connected to the lower hinge 5, and the upper end of the telescopic end of the automatic telescopic mechanism 3 is connected to the upper hinge 4, and the upper hinge 4 and the lower hinge 5 both adopt existing Hook hinges, and the three automatic telescopic mechanisms 3 can be controlled separately. When the three automatic telescopic mechanisms 3 are extended synchronously, the carriage body 1 can be lifted, and the two automatic telescopic mechanisms 3 on the left are extended, and the automatic telescopic mechanism 3 on the right side remains different or retracted, the carriage body 1 can be flipped backward, the automatic telescopic mechanism 3 on the front side is extended, and the automatic telescopic mechanism 3 on the rear side is retracted, and the automatic telescopic mechanism 3 on the right side cooperates with the support to enable the carriage body 1 to complete the forward flipping. In the present invention, through the extension and mutual cooperation of the three automatic telescopic mechanisms 3, the carriage body 1 can complete three different actions of lifting, backward flipping and side flipping on the load-bearing frame 2. The user can control the carriage body 1 to complete different unloading actions according to the unloading site, thereby improving the flexibility and adaptability of the self-unloading carriage and ensuring the unloading efficiency. During the unloading process, the carriage body 1 is not prone to rollover accidents, thereby improving the safety of unloading.

[0038] Example 2

[0039] On the basis of the above-mentioned embodiment 1, Figure 5-Figure 7 As shown, a fixing mechanism is arranged on the load-bearing frame 2, and the fixing mechanism includes a fixing platform 6, which is arranged on the load-bearing frame 2, and the fixing platform 6 is located directly below the carriage body 1. A slide rail 7 is arranged between the fixing platform 6 and the lower hinge 5, and the slide rail 7 is arranged on the upper surface of the load-bearing frame 2. A long slide 8 is slidably arranged on the upper surface of the slide rail 7, and a connecting rod 9 is arranged between the long slide 8 and the sleeve end of the automatic telescopic mechanism 3, one end of the connecting rod 9 is rotatably connected to the upper surface of the long slide 8, and the other end of the connecting rod 9 is rotatably connected to the sleeve end of the automatic telescopic mechanism 3 near the middle position, an electric telescopic rod 10 is arranged at the center of the upper surface of the fixing platform 6, and a pressing plate 11 is arranged at the upper end of the electric telescopic rod 10;

[0040] The cross-section of the pressing plate 11 is circular, and a pressing ring 12 is arranged on the lower surface of the pressing plate 11. The pressing ring 12 is made of elastic anti-slip material and is in the shape of a circular ring. The center of the pressing ring 12 is on the same vertical line as the center of the pressing plate 11. A plurality of first anti-slip grooves are arranged on the lower surface of the pressing ring 12, and a second anti-slip groove is arranged on the upper surface of the long slide 8, and the first anti-slip grooves are matched with the second anti-slip grooves.

[0041] The working principle and beneficial effects of the above technical solution are as follows: when the carriage body 1 adjusts the unloading angle due to unloading, the electric telescopic rod 10 is started, the electric telescopic rod 10 is extended, so that the pressure plate 11 moves upward, and the lower surface of the pressure ring 12 is separated from the upper surface of the long slide 8. At this time, the automatic telescopic mechanism 3 can be extended to drive the long slide 8 to slide on the slide rail 7 through the connecting rod 9. When the automatic telescopic mechanism 3 stops moving, the electric telescopic rod 10 is retracted, so that the pressure plate 11 moves toward the direction close to the long slide 8, and the lower surface of the pressure ring 12 is separated from the upper surface of the long slide 8. The upper surface of the long slide 8 is in contact with the long slide 8, and the pressure ring 12 can press the long slide 8 in different positions, and through the cooperation of the first anti-slip pattern and the second anti-slip pattern, the long slide 8 is stably maintained on the slide rail 7 to prevent the long slide 8 from sliding. The automatic telescopic mechanism 3 is supported by the connecting rod 9. By setting a fixing mechanism, the supporting performance and stability of the automatic telescopic mechanism 3 can be improved to prevent the automatic telescopic mechanism 3 from shaking violently, so that the car body 1 is stably maintained above the load-bearing frame 2, and the safety of the dump car body is further improved.

[0042] Example 3

[0043] On the basis of Example 1, Figure 8 , Fig. 9 As shown, a protective mechanism is arranged outside the automatic telescopic mechanism 3, and the protective mechanism includes a fixed protective tube 13, which is sleeved on the outer wall of the sleeve end of the automatic telescopic mechanism 3, and the lower end of the fixed protective tube 13 is connected to the lower end of the sleeve end of the automatic telescopic mechanism 3, and a sliding protective tube 14 is arranged inside the fixed protective tube 13 to slide axially along the fixed protective tube 13, and the upper end of the sliding protective tube 14 is connected to the upper end of the telescopic end of the automatic telescopic mechanism 3.

[0044] The working principle and beneficial effects of the above technical solution are as follows: when the carriage body 1 is loaded or dumped with goods, external heavy objects may collide with the automatic telescopic mechanism 3. Therefore, a fixed protection tube 13 is sleeved on the outside of the automatic telescopic mechanism 3. The fixed protection tube 13 is used to protect the sleeve end of the automatic telescopic mechanism 3. A sliding protection tube 14 is arranged in the fixed protection tube 13. The outer wall of the sliding protection tube 14 is slidably connected to the inner wall of the fixed protection tube 13. The upper end of the sliding protection tube 14 is connected to the upper end of the telescopic end of the automatic telescopic mechanism 3. When the telescopic end of the automatic telescopic mechanism 3 moves, the sliding protection tube 14 can move synchronously with the telescopic end, thereby protecting the telescopic end. Through the cooperation of the fixed protection tube 13 and the sliding protection tube 14, the automatic telescopic mechanism 3 can be protected as a whole, and the collision of external heavy objects with the automatic telescopic mechanism 3 to avoid bending or damage of the automatic telescopic mechanism 3, prevent failure of the automatic telescopic mechanism 3, and extend the service life of the automatic telescopic mechanism 3.

[0045] Example 4

[0046] On the basis of Example 3, Figure 8 As shown, a plurality of axial grooves 15 are arranged at equal intervals along the axial direction of the fixed protective tube 13 on the outer wall thereof, two movable blocks 16 are arranged for sliding in the axial grooves 15, a connecting spring 17 is arranged on the side of the two movable blocks 16 away from each other, one end of the connecting spring 17 away from the movable block 16 is connected to the inner wall of the axial groove 15, a protective plate 18 is arranged outside the axial groove 15, a protrusion 19 is arranged on the side of the protective plate 18 close to the axial groove 15, a connecting support rod 20 is arranged between the movable block 16 and the protrusion 19, one end of the connecting support rod 20 is hingedly connected to the outer wall of the movable block 16, and the other end of the connecting support rod 20 is hingedly connected to the outer wall of the protrusion 19.

[0047] The working principle and beneficial effects of the above technical solution are as follows: when an external heavy object approaches the automatic telescopic mechanism 3, the external heavy object contacts the external protective plate 18 and drives the protective plate 18 to move toward the fixed protective tube 13. The protective plate 18 drives the moving block 16 to slide in the axial groove 15 through the protrusion 19, and the connecting spring 17 is compressed, thereby gradually slowing down the impact speed of the external heavy object, reducing the impact force of the external heavy object, and further protecting the automatic telescopic mechanism 3 to prevent the automatic telescopic mechanism 3 from being damaged by a large impact.

[0048] Example 5

[0049] On the basis of Example 4, Figure 8 , Fig. 9As shown, a protective shell 21 is provided at the lower end of the fixed protective tube 13, and the diameter of the protective shell 21 is larger than the diameter of the fixed protective tube 13. A buffer slide 22 is provided in the protective shell 21, and the buffer slide 22 is in the shape of a truncated cone. The diameter of the end of the buffer slide 22 close to the lower hinge 5 is larger than the diameter of the end of the buffer slide 22 away from the lower hinge 5. A through hole is provided at the center of the buffer slide 22, and the diameter of the through hole is larger than the diameter of the lower end of the automatic telescopic mechanism 3. A plurality of sliding rods 23 are provided at one end of the buffer slide 22 close to the fixed protective tube 13, and the sliding rods 23 are slidably provided in the sliding holes 24. The sliding holes 24 are provided at one end of the fixed protective tube 13 close to the lower hinge 5, and a through hole 24 is provided in the sliding hole 24. A guide spring 25, one end of the guide spring 25 is connected to the inner wall of the sliding hole 24, and the other end of the guide spring 25 is connected to the sliding rod 23. A push plate 26 is arranged at one end of the protection plate 18 close to the lower hinge 5, and the push plate 26 is perpendicular to the protection plate 18. The push plate 26 extends into the protection shell 21 away from one end of the protection plate 18 and is slidably connected with the through position of the side wall of the protection shell 21. The push plate 26 is close to one end of the buffer slide 22 and is adapted to the outer wall of the buffer slide 22. A limiting groove 27 is arranged on one side of the push plate 26 close to the protection plate 18, and the protection plate 18 is slidably connected to the inner wall of the limiting groove 27, and a compression spring 28 is arranged between the protection plate 18 and the limiting groove 27.

[0050] The working principle and beneficial effects of the above technical solution are as follows: under the impact of an external heavy object, the protection plate 18 moves toward the direction close to the fixed protection tube 13, and the lower end of the protection plate 18 slides in the limit groove 27. The compression spring 28 is compressed in the limit groove 27, further reducing the impact force of the external heavy object. When the compression spring 28 is compressed to the limit position, the protection plate 18 can drive the push plate 26 to slide into the protective shell 21 through the compression spring 28. The push plate 26 contacts the outer wall of the buffer slide 22 and pushes the buffer slide 22 to move in the direction close to the lower hinge 5. The buffer slide 22 drives the sliding rod 23 to slide in the sliding hole 24 toward the lower hinge 5. The guide spring 25 is stretched, and the elastic force of the guide spring 25 further reduces the impact force of the external heavy object, and the push plate 26 slides into the protective shell 21, which can avoid excessive compression of the compression spring 28, has the function of protecting the compression spring 28, and extends the service life of the compression spring 28.

[0051] Example 6

[0052] On the basis of Example 5, Figure 8As shown, a plurality of supporting mechanisms are arranged at one end of the buffer slide 22 near the lower hinge 5, and the plurality of supporting mechanisms are distributed in a circular array about the center of the lower surface of the buffer slide 22. The supporting mechanism includes a fixed pillar 29, one end of the fixed pillar 29 is connected to the lower surface of the buffer slide 22, and the other end of the fixed pillar 29 is provided with a mounting hole 30, a support column 31 is slidably arranged in the mounting hole 30, the support column 31 is connected to the inner wall of the mounting hole 30 through a reset spring 32, and a support block 33 is arranged near one end of the support column 31 near the lower hinge 5.

[0053] The working principle and beneficial effects of the above technical solution are as follows: the support block 33 contacts the upper surface of the load-bearing frame 2, and the support mechanism can provide support for the fixed protection tube 13, thereby indirectly providing support for the automatic telescopic mechanism 3, improving the stability of the automatic telescopic mechanism 3 when the angle changes due to telescopic expansion, so that the car body 1 can be loaded with different goods, and the adaptability of the dump car body is improved. When an external heavy object hits the automatic telescopic mechanism 3, the buffer slide 22 moves toward the direction close to the lower hinge 5, and the buffer slide 22 drives the fixed support 29 to move toward the upper part of the load-bearing frame 2. The return spring 32 is compressed in the mounting hole 30, and the contact force between the support block 33 and the load-bearing frame 2 is increased, so that the support mechanism provides sufficient support for the fixed protection tube 13, avoiding violent shaking of the automatic telescopic mechanism 3 in the fixed protection tube 13, and improving the stability of the car body 1. The support mechanism cooperates with the fixed protection tube 13 and the sliding protection tube 14 to share part of the supporting force of the automatic telescopic mechanism 3, avoiding excessive force on the automatic telescopic mechanism 3 and causing the motor of the electric push rod to overload, thereby extending the service life of the automatic telescopic mechanism 3.

[0054] In the description of the present invention, it is to be understood that the terms “center”, “longitudinal”, “lateral”, “length”, “width”, “thickness”, “up”, “down”, “front”, “back”, “left”, “right”, “vertical”, “horizontal”, “top”, “bottom”, “inside”, “outside”, “clockwise”, “counterclockwise”, “axial”, “radial”, “circumferential”, etc., indicating orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings, are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the referred device or element must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be understood as limiting the present invention.

[0055] In the present invention, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, the terms "installed", "connected", "connected", "fixed" and the like should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral one; it can be a mechanical connection, an electrical connection, or communication with each other; it can be a direct connection, or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium, it can be the internal connection of two elements or the interaction relationship between two elements, unless otherwise clearly defined. For ordinary technicians in this field, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood according to specific circumstances.

[0056] Although the embodiments of the present invention have been disclosed as above, they are not limited to the applications listed in the specification and the implementation methods. They can be fully applied to various fields suitable for the present invention. For those familiar with the art, additional modifications can be easily implemented. Therefore, without departing from the general concept defined by the claims and the scope of equivalents, the present invention is not limited to the specific details and the illustrations shown and described herein.

Claims

1. A multi-degree-of-freedom dump truck, characterized in that: include: A carriage body (1) and a load-bearing frame (2), wherein three automatic telescopic mechanisms (3) are arranged between the carriage body (1) and the load-bearing frame (2), wherein the automatic telescopic mechanisms (3) are arranged in an inclined manner, wherein the upper ends of the automatic telescopic mechanisms (3) are connected to the bottom wall of the carriage body (1) via upper hinges (4), and the lower ends of the automatic telescopic mechanisms (3) are connected to the upper surface of the load-bearing frame (2) via lower hinges (5); A protective mechanism is arranged outside the automatic telescopic mechanism (3), the protective mechanism comprising a fixed protective tube (13), the fixed protective tube (13) being sleeved on the outer wall of the sleeve end of the automatic telescopic mechanism (3), the lower end of the fixed protective tube (13) being connected to the lower end of the sleeve end of the automatic telescopic mechanism (3), a sliding protective tube (14) being arranged inside the fixed protective tube (13) to slide along the axial direction of the fixed protective tube (13), the upper end of the sliding protective tube (14) being connected to the upper end of the telescopic end of the automatic telescopic mechanism (3); A plurality of axial grooves (15) are arranged at equal intervals along the axial direction of the fixed protective tube (13) on the outer wall of the fixed protective tube (13); two moving blocks (16) are slidably arranged in the axial groove (15); a connecting spring (17) is arranged on the side of the two moving blocks (16) away from each other; one end of the connecting spring (17) away from the moving block (16) is connected to the inner wall of the axial groove (15); a protective plate (18) is arranged outside the axial groove (15); a protrusion (19) is arranged on the side of the protective plate (18) close to the axial groove (15); a connecting rod (20) is arranged between the moving block (16) and the protrusion (19); one end of the connecting rod (20) is hingedly connected to the outer wall of the moving block (16); and the other end of the connecting rod (20) is hingedly connected to the outer wall of the protrusion (19); A protective shell (21) is provided at the lower end of the fixed protective tube (13), the diameter of the protective shell (21) being larger than the diameter of the fixed protective tube (13), a buffer slide (22) is provided inside the protective shell (21), the buffer slide (22) is in the shape of a truncated cone, the diameter of the end of the buffer slide (22) close to the lower hinge (5) being larger than the diameter of the end of the buffer slide (22) away from the lower hinge (5), a through hole is provided at the center of the buffer slide (22), the diameter of the through hole being larger than the diameter of the lower end of the automatic telescopic mechanism (3), a plurality of sliding rods (23) are provided at one end of the buffer slide (22) close to the fixed protective tube (13), the sliding rods (23) are slidably provided in a sliding hole (24), the sliding hole (24) is provided at one end of the fixed protective tube (13) close to the lower hinge (5), a guide spring (24) is provided in the sliding hole (24) 25, one end of the guide spring (25) is connected to the inner wall of the sliding hole (24), the other end of the guide spring (25) is connected to the sliding rod (23), a push plate (26) is provided at one end of the protection plate (18) close to the lower hinge (5), the push plate (26) is perpendicular to the protection plate (18), an end of the push plate (26) away from the protection plate (18) extends into the protection shell (21) and is slidably connected to a position penetrating the side wall of the protection shell (21), an end of the push plate (26) close to the buffer slide (22) is matched with the outer wall of the buffer slide (22), a limiting groove (27) is provided on one side of the push plate (26) close to the protection plate (18), the protection plate (18) is slidably connected to the inner wall of the limiting groove (27), and a compression spring (28) is provided between the protection plate (18) and the limiting groove (27).

2. A multi-degree-of-freedom dump truck according to claim 1, characterized in that: The three automatic telescopic mechanisms (3) are distributed in a ring array about the central axis of the carriage body (1).

3. A multi-degree-of-freedom dump truck according to claim 1, characterized in that: The upper hinge (4) and the lower hinge (5) both adopt Hooke hinges.

4. A multi-degree-of-freedom dump truck according to claim 1, characterized in that: The connecting lines between the three upper hinges (4) form an equilateral triangle, the connecting lines between the three lower hinges (5) form an equilateral triangle, and the area of ​​the equilateral triangle formed by the three upper hinges (4) is smaller than the area of ​​the equilateral triangle formed by the three lower hinges (5).

5. The multi-degree-of-freedom dump truck according to claim 1, characterized in that: A fixing mechanism is arranged on the load-bearing frame (2), the fixing mechanism comprising a fixing platform (6), the fixing platform (6) being arranged on the load-bearing frame (2), the fixing platform (6) being located directly below the carriage body (1), a slide rail (7) being arranged between the fixing platform (6) and the lower hinged member (5), the slide rail (7) being arranged on the upper surface of the load-bearing frame (2), a long slide platform (8) being slidably arranged on the upper surface of the slide rail (7), a connecting rod (9) being arranged between the long slide platform (8) and the sleeve end of the automatic telescopic mechanism (3), one end of the connecting rod (9) being rotatably connected to the upper surface of the long slide platform (8), the other end of the connecting rod (9) being rotatably connected to the sleeve end of the automatic telescopic mechanism (3) near the middle position, an electric telescopic rod (10) being arranged at the center of the upper surface of the fixing platform (6), and a pressing plate (11) being arranged at the upper end of the electric telescopic rod (10).

6. A multi-degree-of-freedom dump truck according to claim 5, characterized in that: The cross section of the pressing plate (11) is circular.

7. A multi-degree-of-freedom dump truck according to claim 6, characterized in that: A pressing ring (12) is arranged on the lower surface of the pressing plate (11). The pressing ring (12) is made of an elastic anti-slip material and is in a circular ring shape. The center of the pressing ring (12) and the center of the pressing plate (11) are on the same vertical line.

8. The multi-degree-of-freedom dump truck according to claim 7, characterized in that: A plurality of first anti-slip grooves are arranged on the lower surface of the pressure ring (12), and a second anti-slip groove is arranged on the upper surface of the long slide platform (8), and the first anti-slip grooves are matched with the second anti-slip grooves.

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