Closed-loop control method, device and equipment for air-fuel ratio in hybrid vehicles

Abstract

This application discloses a closed-loop control method, device, and equipment for the air-fuel ratio in a hybrid vehicle, belonging to the field of vehicle control technology. It includes: detecting the operating state of the engine in the hybrid vehicle; when the engine is in a stopped operating state, acquiring the control state of the ECU in the hybrid vehicle; when the ECU's control state is a first preset state, determining that the engine is stopped during hybrid vehicle operation; heating the oxygen sensor in the hybrid vehicle, with the oxygen sensor's operating temperature being a preset temperature, and the oxygen sensor being used to detect the oxygen concentration in the exhaust gas produced by the engine; when the engine's operating state switches from stopped to running, and the oxygen sensor's operating temperature reaches the preset temperature, performing closed-loop control of the engine's air-fuel ratio based on the oxygen sensor. This application improves exhaust emissions and increases fuel efficiency in hybrid vehicles.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of vehicle control technology, and in particular to a closed-loop control method, device and equipment for the air-fuel ratio in a hybrid vehicle. Background Technology

[0002] As countries impose increasingly stringent emission regulations on gasoline-powered vehicles, hybrid vehicles have experienced rapid development and are gaining a larger share of the automotive market. However, hybrid vehicles still require an engine system for power, and the engine's operation is controlled by the HCU (Hydraulic Control Unit) during vehicle operation. The difference between hybrid and pure gasoline vehicles is that the engine in a hybrid vehicle does not operate continuously but intermittently. This means that the engine needs to be constantly started and stopped during vehicle operation. This constant engine starting and stopping leads to excessive emissions. Therefore, quickly entering closed-loop air-fuel ratio control is crucial for reducing emissions and improving overall fuel efficiency. Summary of the Invention

[0003] This application provides a closed-loop control method, apparatus, and device for the air-fuel ratio in hybrid vehicles, which improves exhaust emissions and fuel efficiency. The technical solution is as follows:

[0004] On the one hand, a closed-loop control method for the air-fuel ratio in a hybrid vehicle is provided, the method comprising:

[0005] Detect the operating status of the engine in a hybrid vehicle;

[0006] When the engine is in a stopped state, the control status of the electronic control unit (ECU) in the hybrid vehicle is obtained;

[0007] When the control state of the ECU is the first preset state, the engine is determined to stop running during the driving process of the hybrid vehicle;

[0008] The oxygen sensor in the hybrid vehicle is heated. The oxygen sensor operates at a preset temperature and is used to detect the concentration of oxygen in the exhaust gas produced by the engine.

[0009] When the engine's operating state changes from stopped to running, and the oxygen sensor's operating temperature reaches a preset temperature, closed-loop control of the engine's air-fuel ratio is performed based on the oxygen sensor.

[0010] In one possible implementation, heating the oxygen sensor in the hybrid vehicle includes:

[0011] The heating voltage of the oxygen sensor is controlled to a preset voltage;

[0012] The heating control enable condition for the oxygen sensor is set to a high potential, which indicates that the oxygen sensor is continuously heated by the heating voltage.

[0013] In another possible implementation, the method further includes:

[0014] When the operating temperature of the oxygen sensor reaches the preset temperature, the Ready flag of the oxygen sensor is set to a high potential.

[0015] When the engine's operating state switches from stopped to running, and the oxygen sensor's temperature reaches its operating temperature, closed-loop control of the engine's air-fuel ratio is performed based on the oxygen sensor, including:

[0016] When the engine's operating state changes from stopped to running, the Ready flag bit of the oxygen sensor is read;

[0017] When the Ready flag of the oxygen sensor is high, it is determined that the temperature of the oxygen sensor has reached the operating temperature, and closed-loop control of the air-fuel ratio of the engine is performed based on the oxygen sensor.

[0018] In another possible implementation, the method further includes:

[0019] When the control state of the ECU is the second preset state, the timing for stopping the engine is determined as the power-off of the hybrid vehicle;

[0020] The heating voltage of the oxygen sensor is controlled to be zero, and the heating control enable condition of the oxygen sensor is controlled to be low potential, wherein the low potential is used to indicate that the oxygen sensor is not heated.

[0021] In another possible implementation, detecting the operating status of the engine in the hybrid vehicle includes:

[0022] Determine the current operating mode of the hybrid vehicle; when the current operating mode is hybrid mode, detect the operating status of the engine in the hybrid vehicle; or,

[0023] Determine the current remaining charge of the hybrid vehicle's battery; when the current remaining charge is lower than a preset charge level, detect the operating status of the engine in the hybrid vehicle.

[0024] In another possible implementation, heating the oxygen sensor in the hybrid vehicle includes:

[0025] Determine the historical operating records of the engine, including the engine's operating time and downtime;

[0026] Based on the historical operation records, the operating time interval of the engine is determined;

[0027] The heating time of the oxygen sensor is determined based on the operating time interval and the heating time required for the oxygen sensor.

[0028] The oxygen sensor is heated based on the heating time of the oxygen sensor.

[0029] On the other hand, a closed-loop control device for the air-fuel ratio in a hybrid vehicle is provided, the device comprising:

[0030] The detection module is used to detect the operating status of the engine in the hybrid vehicle;

[0031] The acquisition module is used to acquire the control status of the electronic control unit (ECU) in the hybrid vehicle when the engine is in a stopped operating state.

[0032] The first determining module is used to determine that the engine stops running during the driving process of the hybrid vehicle when the control state of the ECU is a first preset state;

[0033] A heating module is used to heat the oxygen sensor in the hybrid vehicle. The oxygen sensor operates at a preset temperature and is used to detect the concentration of oxygen in the exhaust gas produced by the engine.

[0034] The first control module is used to perform closed-loop control of the air-fuel ratio of the engine based on the oxygen sensor when the engine's operating state switches from stopped to running and the oxygen sensor's operating temperature reaches a preset temperature.

[0035] In one possible implementation, the heating module is used to control the heating voltage of the oxygen sensor to a preset voltage; and to control the heating control enable condition of the oxygen sensor to be high potential, wherein the high potential is used to indicate that the oxygen sensor is continuously heated by the heating voltage.

[0036] In another possible implementation, the device further includes:

[0037] The setting module is used to set the Ready flag of the oxygen sensor to a high potential when the operating temperature of the oxygen sensor reaches a preset temperature.

[0038] The first control module is used to read the Ready flag of the oxygen sensor when the engine's operating state switches from stopped to running; when the Ready flag of the oxygen sensor is at a high potential, it determines that the temperature of the oxygen sensor has reached the operating temperature, and performs closed-loop control of the air-fuel ratio of the engine based on the oxygen sensor.

[0039] In another possible implementation, the device further includes:

[0040] The second determining module is used to determine the engine shutdown time as the power-off time for the hybrid vehicle when the control state of the ECU is the second preset state.

[0041] The second control module is used to control the heating voltage of the oxygen sensor to zero and to control the heating control enable condition of the oxygen sensor to be low, wherein the low potential is used to indicate that the oxygen sensor is not heated.

[0042] In another possible implementation, the detection module is used to determine the current operating mode of the hybrid vehicle; when the current operating mode is hybrid mode, it detects the operating status of the engine in the hybrid vehicle; or,

[0043] The detection module is used to determine the current remaining charge of the battery of the hybrid vehicle; when the current remaining charge is lower than a preset charge, it detects the operating status of the engine in the hybrid vehicle.

[0044] In another possible implementation, the heating module is configured to determine the engine's historical operating records, including the engine's running time and shutdown time; determine the engine's operating time interval based on the historical operating records; determine the oxygen sensor's heating time based on the operating time interval and the time required to heat the oxygen sensor; and heat the oxygen sensor based on the oxygen sensor's heating time.

[0045] On the other hand, a vehicle controller is provided, which includes a processor and a memory, wherein the memory stores at least one piece of program code, which is loaded and executed by the processor to implement the above-described closed-loop control method for the air-fuel ratio in a hybrid vehicle.

[0046] On the other hand, a computer-readable storage medium is provided, wherein at least one piece of program code is stored in the storage medium, the at least one piece of program code being loaded and executed by a processor to implement the above-described closed-loop control method for the air-fuel ratio in hybrid vehicles.

[0047] On the other hand, a computer program product is provided, the product storing at least one piece of program code, the at least one piece of program code being executed by a processor to implement the above-described closed-loop control method for the air-fuel ratio in hybrid vehicles.

[0048] In this embodiment, when the engine is in a stopped state, the control state of the ECU is used to determine whether the engine is stopped during driving or when the vehicle is powered off. If it is determined that the engine is stopped during driving, it means that the engine will be restarted. In this case, the oxygen sensor is heated to reach a preset operating temperature. This saves the time required for heating the oxygen sensor when the engine restarts, and the air-fuel ratio of the engine will enter the closed-loop control state as soon as possible, thereby improving the exhaust emissions of the hybrid vehicle and increasing the fuel efficiency of the hybrid vehicle.

[0049] It should be understood that the above general description and the following detailed description are merely exemplary and do not limit this disclosure. Attached Figure Description

[0050] Figure 1 This is a structural block diagram of a hybrid vehicle illustrated in an exemplary embodiment of this application;

[0051] Figure 2 This is a flowchart illustrating a closed-loop control method for the air-fuel ratio in a hybrid vehicle, as shown in an exemplary embodiment of this application.

[0052] Figure 3 This is a flowchart illustrating a closed-loop control method for the air-fuel ratio in a hybrid vehicle, as shown in an exemplary embodiment of this application.

[0053] Figure 4 This is a flowchart illustrating a closed-loop control method for the air-fuel ratio in a hybrid vehicle, as shown in an exemplary embodiment of this application.

[0054] Figure 5 This is a flowchart illustrating a closed-loop control method for the air-fuel ratio in a hybrid vehicle, as shown in an exemplary embodiment of the related technology.

[0055] Figure 6 This is a time data graph illustrating the air-fuel ratio entering closed-loop control, as shown in an exemplary embodiment of the related technology;

[0056] Figure 7 This is a time data diagram illustrating the air-fuel ratio entering closed-loop control, as shown in an exemplary embodiment of this application;

[0057] Figure 8 This is a block diagram illustrating a closed-loop control device for the air-fuel ratio in a hybrid vehicle, as shown in an exemplary embodiment of this application.

[0058] Figure 9This is a block diagram illustrating a vehicle controller in an exemplary embodiment of this application. Detailed Implementation

[0059] To make the technical solution and advantages of this application clearer, the embodiments of this application will be described in further detail below.

[0060] The terms "first," "second," "third," and "fourth," etc., used in the specification, claims, and accompanying drawings of this application are used to distinguish different objects, not to describe a specific order. Furthermore, the terms "comprising" and "having," and any variations thereof, are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion. For example, a process, method, system, product, or apparatus that includes a series of steps or units is not limited to the listed steps or units, but may optionally include steps or units not listed, or may optionally include other steps or units inherent to these processes, methods, products, or apparatuses.

[0061] It should be noted that all information (including but not limited to user equipment information, user personal information, etc.), data (including but not limited to data used for analysis, stored data, displayed data, etc.), and signals involved in this application have been authorized by the user or fully authorized by all parties, and the collection, use, and processing of related data must comply with the relevant laws, regulations, and standards of the relevant countries and regions. For example, the engine operating status, ECU control status, and historical engine operating records involved in this application were all obtained with full authorization.

[0062] Please refer to Figure 1 This illustration shows a schematic diagram of the implementation environment of a closed-loop control method for the air-fuel ratio in a hybrid vehicle, as illustrated in an exemplary embodiment of this application. The implementation environment includes a hybrid vehicle, which includes an electric motor and an engine. When the current operating mode of the hybrid vehicle is pure electric mode, the electric motor provides power to the hybrid vehicle. When the current operating mode of the hybrid vehicle is hybrid mode, the electric motor and the engine alternately provide power to the hybrid vehicle based on a certain switching mechanism. When the current operating mode of the hybrid vehicle is pure gasoline mode, the engine provides power to the hybrid vehicle.

[0063] In some embodiments, the hybrid vehicle further includes a vehicle controller, an oxygen sensor, and an ECU. The vehicle controller controls whether the oxygen sensor is heated based on the engine's operating state and the ECU's control state, thereby performing closed-loop control of the engine's air-fuel ratio. This process is described in detail in subsequent embodiments. The vehicle controller can be a VCU (Vehicle Control Unit). The engine's operating state can be running or stopped. The ECU's state can be a first preset state and a second preset state. The first preset state is the state where the engine stops running during hybrid vehicle operation; for example, the first preset state can be running. The second preset state is the state where the engine stops running when the vehicle is powered off; for example, the second preset state can be running afterward. The oxygen sensor operates at a preset temperature and is used to detect the oxygen concentration in the exhaust gas produced by the engine. Closed-loop control of the engine's air-fuel ratio refers to the process where the oxygen sensor detects the oxygen concentration in the exhaust gas produced by the engine and then feeds this concentration back to the vehicle controller. The vehicle controller adjusts the fuel injection quantity based on this concentration. Then, the oxygen sensor detects the oxygen concentration in the exhaust gas produced by the engine again and feeds this concentration back to the vehicle controller. The vehicle controller adjusts the fuel injection quantity based on this concentration, and so on, until the engine's air-fuel ratio reaches the preset air-fuel ratio.

[0064] Please refer to Figure 2 The diagram illustrates a flowchart of a closed-loop control method for the air-fuel ratio in a hybrid vehicle, as shown in an exemplary embodiment of this application. (Reference) Figure 2 The method includes:

[0065] Step 201: Detect the operating status of the engine in the hybrid vehicle.

[0066] The engine's operating state can be either stopped or running; in some embodiments, the vehicle controller determines the engine's operating state by the engine's rotational speed; this process can be as follows: the vehicle controller determines the engine's rotational speed; when the engine's rotational speed is zero, the engine's operating state is determined to be stopped; when the engine's rotational speed is not zero, the engine's operating state is determined to be running.

[0067] Hybrid vehicles include multiple operating modes: pure electric mode, hybrid mode, and pure gasoline mode. Pure electric mode refers to the mode where the hybrid vehicle's electric motor provides power. Hybrid mode refers to the mode where the electric motor and engine alternately provide power based on a certain switching mechanism. Pure gasoline mode refers to the mode where the hybrid vehicle's engine provides power. Therefore, in pure electric mode, the engine is always off; in hybrid mode, the engine and electric motor operate alternately, resulting in intermittent engine operation; and in pure gasoline mode, the engine is always running. In one possible implementation, closed-loop control of the air-fuel ratio is performed in hybrid mode according to the method of this application embodiment. Accordingly, step 201 can be: determining the current operating mode of the hybrid vehicle; when the current operating mode is hybrid mode, detecting the operating status of the engine in the hybrid vehicle; when the current operating mode is not hybrid mode, i.e., the current operating mode is pure electric mode or pure gasoline mode, the process ends.

[0068] In another possible implementation, hybrid mode is often used when the remaining charge of the hybrid vehicle's battery is low; accordingly, step 201 can be: determining the current remaining charge of the hybrid vehicle's battery; when the current remaining charge is lower than a preset charge, detecting the operating status of the engine in the hybrid vehicle; when the current remaining charge is not lower than the preset charge, ending the process.

[0069] In another possible implementation, pure electric mode is often used when the battery has a high remaining charge, pure gasoline mode is often used when the battery has a low charge, and hybrid mode is used when the battery has a low remaining charge. Accordingly, step 201 can be: determining the current remaining charge of the hybrid vehicle's battery; when the current remaining charge is within a preset charge range, detecting the operating status of the engine in the hybrid vehicle; when the current remaining charge is not within the preset charge range, ending the process.

[0070] In another possible implementation, the user can manually switch modes; accordingly, step 201 can be: when a user-triggered mode switching operation is detected, determine whether the switched operating mode is a hybrid mode; when the switched operating mode is a hybrid mode, detect the operating status of the engine in the hybrid vehicle; when the switched operating mode is not a hybrid mode, end.

[0071] Step 202: When the engine is in a stopped running state, obtain the control status of the electronic control unit (ECU) in the hybrid vehicle.

[0072] The ECU control states include seven states: 1. Initialization, 2. Initialization completed, 3. etc., 4. Before running, 5. Running, 6. After running, and 7. Stop running.

[0073] Step 203: When the ECU's control state is the first preset state, determine that the engine stops running during the hybrid vehicle's driving process.

[0074] The first preset state can be 5 running; that is, when the ECU control state is 5 running, the engine is determined to stop running during the hybrid vehicle driving process, which means that the engine will be started again. At this time, step 204 is executed, first heating the oxygen sensor so that the working temperature of the oxygen sensor reaches the preset temperature. In this way, when the engine starts again, the time required for heating the oxygen sensor is saved, and the air-fuel ratio of the engine will enter the closed-loop control state as soon as possible, thereby improving the exhaust emissions of the hybrid vehicle and improving the fuel utilization rate of the hybrid vehicle.

[0075] Step 204: Heat the oxygen sensor in the hybrid vehicle. The oxygen sensor operates at a preset temperature and is used to detect the concentration of oxygen in the exhaust gas produced by the engine.

[0076] In one possible implementation, the oxygen sensor in the hybrid vehicle is continuously heated, maintaining its operating temperature at a preset level. In another possible implementation, the time required to heat the oxygen sensor to the preset temperature is approximately 6 seconds, meaning heating begins approximately 6 seconds before the engine restarts. Correspondingly, this step can be: determining the engine's historical operating records, including engine running time and off-run time; determining the engine's operating time interval based on the historical records; determining the oxygen sensor's heating time based on the operating time interval and the required heating time; and heating the oxygen sensor based on the heating time.

[0077] The engine operating time interval is used to represent the time interval between engine shutdown and the next start; the oxygen sensor heating time is approximately 6 seconds. The steps for determining the engine operating time interval based on historical operating records can be as follows: Based on historical operating records, determine multiple sets of operating time data. Each set of operating time data includes the last engine shutdown time and the next engine start time; for any set of operating time data, obtain the corresponding operating time interval based on the time interval between the next engine start time and the last engine shutdown time; determine the engine operating time interval based on the operating time intervals corresponding to multiple sets of operating time data.

[0078] The steps for determining the engine's operating time interval based on the operating time intervals corresponding to multiple sets of operating time data can be: determining the average value of the operating time intervals corresponding to multiple sets of operating time data to obtain the engine's operating time interval; or determining the maximum value of the operating time intervals corresponding to multiple sets of operating time data to obtain the engine's operating time interval.

[0079] The step of determining the heating time of the oxygen sensor based on the operating time interval and the heating time required for the oxygen sensor can be as follows: determine the difference between the operating time interval and the heating time required for the oxygen sensor, and then delay the current time by this difference to obtain the heating time of the oxygen sensor. For example, if the current time is 12:00:00 am, the operating time interval is 20 seconds, and the heating time required for the oxygen sensor is 6 seconds, then the heating time of the oxygen sensor is 12:00:14 am.

[0080] In another possible implementation, the vehicle controller only needs to determine the engine operating time interval once and then store the engine operating time interval; in step 204, when it is necessary to heat the oxygen sensor in the hybrid vehicle, the stored engine operating time interval is directly obtained, and then the heating time of the oxygen sensor is determined based on the operating time interval and the heating time required for the oxygen sensor, so that it is not necessary to determine the engine operating time interval every time, thus improving the efficiency of determining the heating time of the oxygen sensor.

[0081] In another possible implementation, different remaining battery charge levels will result in different frequencies of engine start-up and shutdown. Therefore, when storing engine operation time intervals, the vehicle controller associates the remaining battery charge level with the remaining charge level, i.e., the vehicle controller stores the remaining charge level range and the engine operation time interval. Accordingly, in step 204, when it is necessary to heat the oxygen sensor in the hybrid vehicle, the remaining charge level range is determined based on the current remaining battery charge level. Based on the remaining charge level range, the corresponding operation time interval is determined from the remaining charge level range and the engine operation time interval. Then, based on the operation time interval and the time required to heat the oxygen sensor, the heating time of the oxygen sensor is determined.

[0082] In this embodiment, the engine operating time interval is determined based on the remaining battery charge, which makes the determined engine operating time interval more consistent with the current state of the hybrid vehicle, thus improving the accuracy of the determined engine operating time interval and, consequently, improving the accuracy of determining the oxygen sensor heating time based on the engine operating time interval.

[0083] In another possible implementation, it is determined whether the engine coolant temperature has reached the preset temperature; when the engine coolant temperature reaches the preset temperature, step 204 is executed, that is, the oxygen sensor in the hybrid vehicle is heated at this time, so that the oxygen sensor is heated only when the engine coolant temperature meets the condition.

[0084] Step 205: When the engine's operating state changes from stopped to running, and the oxygen sensor's operating temperature reaches the preset temperature, the air-fuel ratio of the engine is controlled in a closed loop based on the oxygen sensor.

[0085] The vehicle controller also monitors the engine's operating status in real time. When the engine's operating status changes from stopped to running, it determines whether the oxygen sensor's operating temperature has reached the preset temperature. Since the oxygen sensor was heated in advance in step 204, the oxygen sensor's operating temperature has already reached the preset temperature. At this time, the air-fuel ratio of the engine is directly controlled in a closed loop based on the oxygen sensor.

[0086] In one possible implementation, the steps for closed-loop control of the engine's air-fuel ratio based on an oxygen sensor can be as follows: the oxygen sensor detects the oxygen concentration in the exhaust gas produced by the engine, and the fuel injection quantity of the engine is adjusted based on the concentration. Then, the oxygen sensor detects the oxygen concentration in the exhaust gas produced by the engine again, and the fuel injection quantity of the engine is adjusted based on the concentration detected by the oxygen sensor again. This process is repeated until the engine's air-fuel ratio reaches the preset air-fuel ratio.

[0087] In this embodiment, when the engine is in a stopped state, the control state of the ECU is used to determine whether the engine is stopped during driving or when the vehicle is powered off. If it is determined that the engine is stopped during driving, it means that the engine will be restarted. In this case, the oxygen sensor is heated to reach a preset operating temperature. This saves the time required for heating the oxygen sensor when the engine restarts, and the air-fuel ratio of the engine will enter the closed-loop control state as soon as possible, thereby improving the exhaust emissions of the hybrid vehicle and increasing the fuel efficiency of the hybrid vehicle.

[0088] Please refer to Figure 3 The diagram illustrates a flowchart of a closed-loop control method for the air-fuel ratio in a hybrid vehicle, as shown in an exemplary embodiment of this application. (Reference) Figure 3 The method includes:

[0089] Step 301: The vehicle controller detects the operating status of the engine in the hybrid vehicle.

[0090] In some embodiments, this step is the same as step 201, and will not be described again here.

[0091] Step 302: When the engine is in a stopped running state, the vehicle controller obtains the control status of the electronic control unit (ECU) in the hybrid vehicle.

[0092] In some embodiments, this step is the same as step 202, and will not be described again here.

[0093] Step 303: When the ECU's control state is the first preset state, the vehicle controller determines that the engine stops running during the hybrid vehicle's driving process.

[0094] In some embodiments, this step is the same as step 203, and will not be described again here.

[0095] Step 304: The vehicle controller controls the heating voltage of the oxygen sensor to a preset voltage and controls the heating control enable condition of the oxygen sensor to be high potential. The high potential is used to indicate that the oxygen sensor is continuously heated by the heating voltage.

[0096] The oxygen sensor operates at a preset temperature and is used to detect the oxygen concentration in the exhaust gas produced by the engine. The preset voltage can be set and changed as needed; however, this embodiment does not specifically limit the preset voltage. For example, the preset voltage can be 7V. A high potential is 1, meaning the oxygen sensor's heating control enable condition is always set to 1.

[0097] Step 305: When the oxygen sensor reaches the preset operating temperature, the vehicle controller sets the Ready flag of the oxygen sensor to a high potential. The high potential indicates that the oxygen sensor has been heated to the preset operating temperature.

[0098] In some embodiments, since the oxygen sensor takes about 6 seconds to heat up, meaning that the oxygen sensor can be heated to the preset temperature very quickly, the vehicle controller can directly set the sensor's Ready flag to a high potential in this step.

[0099] Step 306: When the engine's operating state changes from stopped to running, the vehicle controller reads the Ready flag of the oxygen sensor; when the Ready flag of the oxygen sensor is high, it determines that the oxygen sensor's temperature has reached the operating temperature, and performs closed-loop control of the engine's air-fuel ratio based on the oxygen sensor.

[0100] For example, please refer to Figure 4The process begins by determining if the engine speed is 0. If the engine speed is not 0, the air-fuel ratio remains under closed-loop control, and the program ends. If the engine speed is 0, the engine is determined to be stopped, and the ECU's control status is checked. If the ECU's control status is 5 (5 represents running), it indicates that the engine is stopped while the vehicle is in motion. The oxygen sensor's heating control enable condition is continuously set to 1, the oxygen sensor's Ready flag is continuously set to 1, and the heating voltage is maintained at approximately 7V. When the engine restarts, all other conditions are met, the oxygen sensor directly enters the working state, i.e., it enters closed-loop control of the air-fuel ratio, and the program ends.

[0101] Step 307: When the ECU's control state is the second preset state, the vehicle controller determines that the engine's shutdown time is to power off the hybrid vehicle.

[0102] The second preset state is 6 after operation; that is, when the ECU control state is 6 after operation, the engine is determined to stop running when the hybrid vehicle is powered off, indicating that the engine will not be started in a short time. At this time, step 308 is executed, and there is no need to heat the oxygen sensor.

[0103] Step 308: The vehicle controller controls the heating voltage of the oxygen sensor to zero and controls the heating control enable condition of the oxygen sensor to be low potential. Low potential is used to indicate that the oxygen sensor is not heated.

[0104] A low potential can be 0; for example, please refer to [link / reference needed]. Figure 4 When the ECU's control status is 6, it determines that the hybrid vehicle is powered off and the oxygen sensor heating control is disabled; the oxygen sensor's Ready flag is set to 0; the oxygen sensor stops heating, the heating voltage is 0V, and the program ends.

[0105] In related technologies, the oxygen sensor is not heated; the process can be referenced. Figure 5 The program checks if the engine speed is 0. When the engine speed is not 0, the air-fuel ratio remains under closed-loop control, and the program ends. When the engine speed is 0, the air-fuel ratio exits closed-loop control, the oxygen sensor stops heating, and the heating voltage is 0V. The program then checks if the engine is running. When the engine is not running, the oxygen sensor remains in a state of stopped heating and a heating voltage of 0V. When the engine starts, the oxygen sensor heating is enabled, and the Ready setting is activated. The air-fuel ratio enters closed-loop control, and the program ends.

[0106] In related technologies, it takes about 8 seconds from engine start-up to the air-fuel ratio entering closed-loop control. However, the solution provided in this application can preheat the oxygen sensor, which takes about 6 seconds to heat up. Therefore, the solution provided in this application takes about 2 seconds from engine start-up to the air-fuel ratio entering closed-loop control, thus greatly improving the efficiency of air-fuel ratio entering closed-loop control.

[0107] Figure 6 This is a graph showing the time data for the air-fuel ratio entering closed-loop control in related technologies. Figure 6 As can be seen, the time for the air-fuel ratio to enter closed-loop control is about 7 seconds. Figure 7 This is a time data graph of the air-fuel ratio entering closed-loop control provided in the embodiments of this application, from... Figure 6 As can be seen, the time for the air-fuel ratio to enter closed-loop control is about 2 seconds. Therefore, the embodiments of this application improve the efficiency of the air-fuel ratio entering closed-loop control.

[0108] In this embodiment, when the engine is in a stopped state, the control state of the ECU is used to determine whether the engine is stopped during driving or when the vehicle is powered off. If it is determined that the engine is stopped during driving, it means that the engine will be restarted. In this case, the oxygen sensor is heated to reach a preset operating temperature. This saves the time required for heating the oxygen sensor when the engine restarts, and the air-fuel ratio of the engine will enter the closed-loop control state as soon as possible, thereby improving the exhaust emissions of the hybrid vehicle and increasing the fuel efficiency of the hybrid vehicle.

[0109] Please refer to Figure 8 This illustration shows a block diagram of a closed-loop control device for the air-fuel ratio in a hybrid vehicle, as illustrated in an exemplary embodiment of this application. The system includes:

[0110] The detection module 801 is used to detect the operating status of the engine in the hybrid vehicle;

[0111] The acquisition module 802 is used to acquire the control status of the electronic control unit (ECU) in the hybrid vehicle when the engine is stopped.

[0112] The first determining module 803 is used to determine that the engine stops running during the driving process of the hybrid vehicle when the control state of the ECU is the first preset state.

[0113] The heating module 804 is used to heat the oxygen sensor in the hybrid vehicle. The oxygen sensor operates at a preset temperature and is used to detect the concentration of oxygen in the exhaust gas produced by the engine.

[0114] The first control module 805 is used to perform closed-loop control of the air-fuel ratio of the engine based on the oxygen sensor when the engine's operating state switches from stopped to running and the oxygen sensor's operating temperature reaches the preset temperature.

[0115] In one possible implementation, the heating module 804 is used to control the heating voltage of the oxygen sensor to a preset voltage; and to control the heating control enable condition of the oxygen sensor to be high potential, whereby the high potential indicates that the oxygen sensor is continuously heated by the heating voltage.

[0116] In another possible implementation, the device also includes:

[0117] The setting module is used to set the Ready flag of the oxygen sensor to a high potential when the operating temperature of the oxygen sensor reaches the preset temperature.

[0118] The first control module 805 is used to read the Ready flag of the oxygen sensor when the engine's operating state switches from stopped to running; when the Ready flag of the oxygen sensor is high, it determines that the temperature of the oxygen sensor has reached the operating temperature, and performs closed-loop control of the engine's air-fuel ratio based on the oxygen sensor.

[0119] In another possible implementation, the device also includes:

[0120] The second determining module is used to determine the engine shutdown time as the hybrid vehicle power-off when the ECU control state is the second preset state.

[0121] The second control module is used to control the heating voltage of the oxygen sensor to zero and to control the heating control enable condition of the oxygen sensor to be low potential, which indicates that the oxygen sensor is not heated.

[0122] In another possible implementation, the detection module 801 is used to determine the current operating mode of the hybrid vehicle; when the current operating mode is hybrid mode, it detects the operating status of the engine in the hybrid vehicle; or,

[0123] The detection module 801 is used to determine the current remaining charge of the battery of the hybrid vehicle; when the current remaining charge is lower than the preset charge, the operating status of the engine in the hybrid vehicle is detected.

[0124] In another possible implementation, the heating module 804 is used to determine the engine's historical operating records, including engine running time and shutdown time; determine the engine's operating time interval based on the historical operating records; determine the oxygen sensor's heating time based on the operating time interval and the oxygen sensor's heating duration; and heat the oxygen sensor based on the oxygen sensor's heating time.

[0125] In this embodiment, when the engine is in a stopped state, the control state of the ECU is used to determine whether the engine is stopped during driving or when the vehicle is powered off. If it is determined that the engine is stopped during driving, it means that the engine will be restarted. In this case, the oxygen sensor is heated to reach a preset operating temperature. This saves the time required for heating the oxygen sensor when the engine restarts, and the air-fuel ratio of the engine will enter the closed-loop control state as soon as possible, thereby improving the exhaust emissions of the hybrid vehicle and increasing the fuel efficiency of the hybrid vehicle.

[0126] It should be noted that the closed-loop control device for the air-fuel ratio in hybrid vehicles provided in the above embodiments is only illustrated by the division of the above functional modules when performing closed-loop control of the air-fuel ratio in hybrid vehicles. In practical applications, the above functions can be assigned to different functional modules as needed, that is, the internal structure of the vehicle controller can be divided into different functional modules to complete all or part of the functions described above. In addition, the closed-loop control device for the air-fuel ratio in hybrid vehicles provided in the above embodiments and the closed-loop control method embodiments for the air-fuel ratio in hybrid vehicles belong to the same concept, and the specific implementation process is detailed in the method embodiments, which will not be repeated here.

[0127] Please refer to Figure 9 , Figure 9 A structural block diagram of a vehicle controller 900 provided in an exemplary embodiment of this application is shown. The vehicle controller 900 can be a portable mobile vehicle controller, such as a smartphone, tablet, MP3 player (Moving Picture Experts Group Audio Layer III), MP4 player (Moving Picture Experts Group Audio Layer IV), laptop, or desktop computer. The vehicle controller 900 may also be referred to as a user device, portable vehicle controller, laptop vehicle controller, desktop vehicle controller, or other names.

[0128] Typically, the vehicle controller 900 includes a processor 901 and a memory 902.

[0129] Processor 901 may include one or more processing cores, such as a quad-core processor or an octa-core processor. Processor 901 may be implemented using at least one hardware form selected from DSP (Digital Signal Processing), FPGA (Field-Programmable Gate Array), and PLA (Programmable Logic Array). Processor 901 may also include a main processor and a coprocessor. The main processor, also known as a CPU (Central Processing Unit), is used to process data in the wake-up state; the coprocessor is a low-power processor used to process data in the standby state. In some embodiments, processor 901 may integrate a GPU (Graphics Processing Unit), which is responsible for rendering and drawing the content to be displayed on the screen. In some embodiments, processor 901 may also include an AI (Artificial Intelligence) processor, which is used to handle computational operations related to machine learning.

[0130] The memory 902 may include one or more computer-readable storage media, which may be non-transitory. The memory 902 may also include high-speed random access memory and non-volatile memory, such as one or more disk storage devices or flash memory devices. In some embodiments, the non-transitory computer-readable storage media in the memory 902 is used to store at least one piece of program code, which is executed by the processor 901 to implement the operations performed by the vehicle controller in the in-vehicle display method provided in the method embodiments of this application.

[0131] In some embodiments, the vehicle controller 900 may optionally include a peripheral device interface 903 and at least one peripheral device. The processor 901, memory 902, and peripheral device interface 903 can be connected via a bus or signal line. Each peripheral device can be connected to the peripheral device interface 903 via a bus, signal line, or circuit board. Specifically, the peripheral device includes at least one of the following: a radio frequency circuit 904, a display screen 905, a camera assembly 906, an audio circuit 907, and a power supply 908.

[0132] Peripheral device interface 903 can be used to connect at least one I / O (Input / Output) related peripheral device to processor 901 and memory 902. In some embodiments, processor 901, memory 902 and peripheral device interface 903 are integrated on the same chip or circuit board; in some other embodiments, any one or two of processor 901, memory 902 and peripheral device interface 903 can be implemented on separate chips or circuit boards, which is not limited in this embodiment.

[0133] The radio frequency (RF) circuit 904 is used to receive and transmit RF (Radio Frequency) signals, also known as electromagnetic signals. The RF circuit 904 communicates with communication networks and other communication devices via electromagnetic signals. The RF circuit 904 converts electrical signals into electromagnetic signals for transmission, or converts received electromagnetic signals back into electrical signals. Optionally, the RF circuit 904 includes: an antenna system, an RF transceiver, one or more amplifiers, a tuner, an oscillator, a digital signal processor, a codec chipset, a user identity module card, etc. The RF circuit 904 can communicate with other vehicle controllers via at least one wireless communication protocol. This wireless communication protocol includes, but is not limited to: the World Wide Web, metropolitan area networks, intranets, various generations of mobile communication networks (2G, 3G, 4G, and 5G), wireless local area networks, and / or WiFi. Wireless Fidelity (Wireless Fidelity) network. In some embodiments, the radio frequency circuit 904 may also include circuitry related to NFC (Near Field Communication), which is not limited in this application.

[0134] Display screen 905 is used to display a UI (User Interface). This UI may include graphics, text, icons, videos, and any combination thereof. When display screen 905 is a touch display screen, it also has the ability to collect touch signals on or above its surface. These touch signals can be input as control signals to processor 901 for processing. In this case, display screen 905 can also be used to provide virtual buttons and / or a virtual keyboard, also known as soft buttons and / or a soft keyboard. In some embodiments, there may be one display screen 905, disposed on the front panel of vehicle controller 900; in other embodiments, there may be at least two display screens 905, disposed on different surfaces of vehicle controller 900 or in a folded design; in other embodiments, display screen 905 may be a flexible display screen, disposed on a curved or folded surface of vehicle controller 900. Furthermore, display screen 905 may be configured as a non-rectangular irregular shape, i.e., a non-rectangular screen. Display screen 905 may be made of materials such as LCD (Liquid Crystal Display) or OLED (Organic Light-Emitting Diode).

[0135] The camera assembly 906 is used to acquire images or videos. Optionally, the camera assembly 906 includes a front-facing camera and a rear-facing camera. Typically, the front-facing camera is located on the front panel of the vehicle controller, and the rear-facing camera is located on the back of the vehicle controller. In some embodiments, there are at least two rear-facing cameras, which are any one of a main camera, a depth-sensing camera, a wide-angle camera, and a telephoto camera, to achieve background blurring by fusion of the main camera and the depth-sensing camera, panoramic shooting by fusion of the main camera and the wide-angle camera, VR (Virtual Reality) shooting, or other fusion shooting functions. In some embodiments, the camera assembly 906 may also include a flash. The flash can be a single-color temperature flash or a dual-color temperature flash. A dual-color temperature flash refers to a combination of a warm-light flash and a cool-light flash, which can be used for light compensation at different color temperatures.

[0136] The audio circuit 907 may include a microphone and a speaker. The microphone is used to collect sound waves from the user and the environment, converting them into electrical signals that are input to the processor 901 for processing, or to the radio frequency circuit 904 for voice communication. For stereo sound acquisition or noise reduction purposes, multiple microphones may be used, each positioned at a different location in the vehicle controller 900. The microphone may also be an array microphone or an omnidirectional microphone. The speaker is used to convert electrical signals from the processor 901 or the radio frequency circuit 904 into sound waves. The speaker may be a conventional diaphragm speaker or a piezoelectric ceramic speaker. When the speaker is a piezoelectric ceramic speaker, it can convert electrical signals not only into audible sound waves but also into inaudible sound waves for purposes such as distance measurement. In some embodiments, the audio circuit 907 may also include a headphone jack.

[0137] Power supply 908 is used to power the various components in vehicle controller 900. Power supply 908 can be AC ​​power, DC power, a disposable battery, or a rechargeable battery. When power supply 908 includes a rechargeable battery, the rechargeable battery can be a wired rechargeable battery or a wireless rechargeable battery. A wired rechargeable battery is a battery that is charged via a wired line, while a wireless rechargeable battery is a battery that is charged via a wireless coil. The rechargeable battery can also be used to support fast charging technology.

[0138] In some embodiments, the vehicle controller 900 further includes one or more sensors 909. The one or more sensors 909 include, but are not limited to, an acceleration sensor 910, a gyroscope sensor 911, a pressure sensor 912, an optical sensor 913, and a proximity sensor 914.

[0139] Accelerometer 910 can detect the magnitude of acceleration along the three axes of a coordinate system established by vehicle controller 900. For example, accelerometer 910 can be used to detect the components of gravitational acceleration along the three axes. Processor 901 can control display screen 905 to display the user interface in either a landscape or portrait view based on the gravitational acceleration signal acquired by accelerometer 910. Accelerometer 910 can also be used for games or for acquiring user motion data.

[0140] The gyroscope sensor 911 can detect the orientation and rotation angle of the vehicle controller 900. The gyroscope sensor 911, in conjunction with the accelerometer sensor 910, can collect 3D motion data from the user on the vehicle controller 900. Based on the data collected by the gyroscope sensor 911, the processor 901 can perform the following functions: motion sensing (e.g., changing the UI based on the user's tilt), image stabilization during shooting, game control, and inertial navigation.

[0141] The pressure sensor 912 can be disposed on the side bezel of the vehicle controller 900 and / or the lower layer of the display screen 905. When the pressure sensor 912 is disposed on the side bezel of the vehicle controller 900, it can detect the user's grip signal on the vehicle controller 900, and the processor 901 can perform left / right hand recognition or quick operation based on the grip signal collected by the pressure sensor 912. When the pressure sensor 912 is disposed on the lower layer of the display screen 905, the processor 901 can control the operable controls on the UI interface based on the user's pressure operation on the display screen 905. The operable controls include at least one of button controls, scroll bar controls, icon controls, and menu controls.

[0142] An optical sensor 913 is used to collect ambient light intensity. In one embodiment, the processor 901 can control the display brightness of the display screen 905 based on the ambient light intensity collected by the optical sensor 913. Specifically, when the ambient light intensity is high, the display brightness of the display screen 905 is increased; when the ambient light intensity is low, the display brightness of the display screen 905 is decreased. In another embodiment, the processor 901 can also dynamically adjust the shooting parameters of the camera assembly 906 based on the ambient light intensity collected by the optical sensor 913.

[0143] The proximity sensor 914, also known as a distance sensor, is typically located on the front panel of the vehicle controller 900. The proximity sensor 914 is used to detect the distance between the user and the front of the vehicle controller 900. In one embodiment, when the proximity sensor 914 detects that the distance between the user and the front of the vehicle controller 900 is gradually decreasing, the processor 901 controls the display screen 905 to switch from a screen-on state to a screen-off state; when the proximity sensor 914 detects that the distance between the user and the front of the vehicle controller 900 is gradually increasing, the processor 901 controls the display screen 905 to switch from a screen-off state to a screen-on state.

[0144] Those skilled in the art will understand that Figure 9 The structure shown does not constitute a limitation on the vehicle controller 900, and may include more or fewer components than shown, or combine certain components, or use different component arrangements.

[0145] This application also provides a computer-readable storage medium storing at least one piece of program code, which is loaded and executed by a processor to implement the closed-loop control method for the air-fuel ratio in a hybrid vehicle as described in any of the above implementations. Optionally, the storage medium may be a non-transitory computer-readable storage medium, such as ROM (Read-Only Memory), RAM (Random Access Memory), CD-ROM (Compact Disc Read-Only Memory), magnetic tape, floppy disk, and optical data storage devices.

[0146] This application also provides a computer program product that stores at least one piece of program code, which is loaded and executed by a processor to implement the closed-loop control method for the air-fuel ratio in hybrid vehicles as shown in the above embodiments.

[0147] In some embodiments, the computer program product involved in this application may be deployed and executed on a vehicle controller, or on multiple vehicle controllers located in one location, or on multiple vehicle controllers distributed in multiple locations and interconnected through a communication network. Multiple vehicle controllers distributed in multiple locations and interconnected through a communication network may form a blockchain system.

[0148] Those skilled in the art will understand that all or part of the steps of the above embodiments can be implemented by hardware or by a program instructing related hardware. The program can be stored in a computer-readable storage medium, such as a read-only memory, a disk, or an optical disk.

[0149] The above description is only for the purpose of enabling those skilled in the art to understand the technical solution of this application, and is not intended to limit this application. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of this application should be included within the protection scope of this application.

Claims

1. A closed-loop control method for the air-fuel ratio in a hybrid vehicle, characterized in that, The method includes: Detect the operating status of the engine in a hybrid vehicle; When the engine is in a stopped state, the control status of the electronic control unit (ECU) in the hybrid vehicle is obtained; When the control state of the ECU is the first preset state, the engine is determined to stop running during the driving process of the hybrid vehicle; The oxygen sensor in the hybrid vehicle is heated. The oxygen sensor operates at a preset temperature and is used to detect the concentration of oxygen in the exhaust gas produced by the engine. When the engine's operating state changes from stopped to running, and the oxygen sensor's operating temperature reaches a preset temperature, closed-loop control of the engine's air-fuel ratio is performed based on the oxygen sensor.

2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The heating of the oxygen sensor in the hybrid vehicle includes: The heating voltage of the oxygen sensor is controlled to a preset voltage; The heating control enable condition for the oxygen sensor is set to a high potential, which indicates that the oxygen sensor is continuously heated by the heating voltage.

3. The method according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that, The method further includes: When the operating temperature of the oxygen sensor reaches the preset temperature, the Ready flag of the oxygen sensor is set to a high potential. When the engine's operating state switches from stopped to running, and the oxygen sensor's temperature reaches its operating temperature, closed-loop control of the engine's air-fuel ratio is performed based on the oxygen sensor, including: When the engine's operating state changes from stopped to running, the Ready flag bit of the oxygen sensor is read; When the Ready flag of the oxygen sensor is high, it is determined that the temperature of the oxygen sensor has reached the operating temperature, and closed-loop control of the air-fuel ratio of the engine is performed based on the oxygen sensor.

4. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The method further includes: When the control state of the ECU is the second preset state, the timing for stopping the engine is determined as the power-off of the hybrid vehicle; The heating voltage of the oxygen sensor is controlled to be zero, and the heating control enable condition of the oxygen sensor is controlled to be low potential, wherein the low potential is used to indicate that the oxygen sensor is not heated.

5. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The detection of the engine's operating status in the hybrid vehicle includes: Determine the current operating mode of the hybrid vehicle; when the current operating mode is hybrid mode, detect the operating status of the engine in the hybrid vehicle; or, Determine the current remaining charge of the hybrid vehicle's battery; when the current remaining charge is lower than a preset charge level, detect the operating status of the engine in the hybrid vehicle.

6. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The heating of the oxygen sensor in the hybrid vehicle includes: Determine the historical operating records of the engine, including the engine's operating time and downtime; Based on the historical operation records, the operating time interval of the engine is determined; The heating time of the oxygen sensor is determined based on the operating time interval and the heating time required for the oxygen sensor. The oxygen sensor is heated based on the heating time of the oxygen sensor.

7. A closed-loop control device for the air-fuel ratio in a hybrid vehicle, characterized in that, The device includes: The detection module is used to detect the operating status of the engine in the hybrid vehicle; The acquisition module is used to acquire the control status of the electronic control unit (ECU) in the hybrid vehicle when the engine is in a stopped operating state. The first determining module is used to determine that the engine stops running during the driving process of the hybrid vehicle when the control state of the ECU is a first preset state; A heating module is used to heat the oxygen sensor in the hybrid vehicle. The oxygen sensor operates at a preset temperature and is used to detect the concentration of oxygen in the exhaust gas produced by the engine. The first control module is used to perform closed-loop control of the air-fuel ratio of the engine based on the oxygen sensor when the engine's operating state switches from stopped to running and the oxygen sensor's operating temperature reaches a preset temperature.

8. A vehicle controller, characterized in that, The vehicle controller includes a processor and a memory, the memory storing at least one piece of program code, which is loaded and executed by the processor to implement the closed-loop control method for the air-fuel ratio in a hybrid vehicle as described in any one of claims 1 to 6.

9. A computer-readable storage medium, characterized in that, The storage medium stores at least one piece of program code, which is loaded and executed by a processor to implement the closed-loop control method for the air-fuel ratio in a hybrid vehicle as described in any one of claims 1 to 6.

10. A computer program product, characterized in that, The product stores at least one piece of program code, which is executed by a processor to implement the closed-loop control method for the air-fuel ratio in a hybrid vehicle as described in any one of claims 1 to 6.

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