Flow guide cover type spraying-angle-adjustable spraying machine

Abstract

The invention relates to a fairing cover type spraying-angle-adjustable spraying machine which comprises a chassis, a liquid medicine box and a spraying device, the spraying device and the liquid medicine box are both installed on the chassis, and the spraying device comprises an operation motor arranged on the chassis, a spraying rod and a fairing arranged above the spraying rod and fixedly connected with the spraying rod. The spraying rod is provided with a plurality of sprayers communicated with the liquid medicine box, and the operation motor can drive the spraying rod to swing back and forth in a reciprocating mode through forward and reverse rotation. The anti-floating flow guide effect on fog drops is achieved through the flow guide cover above the spraying rod, the spraying rod is driven by forward and reverse rotation of the operation motor to swing back and forth in a reciprocating mode, pesticide is evenly applied to the front face and the back face of the leaf, the fog drop deposition efficiency of the front face and the back face of the crop canopy leaf can be improved, and the pest control effect is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to a guide cover type sprayer with adjustable spray angle, belonging to the technical field of crop pesticide application. Background Art

[0002] During the growth of crops, pesticides need to be sprayed to prevent and control pests and diseases. At present, boom sprayers are mostly used for pest control of low-growing crops in the field. However, when the existing boom sprayers are used to apply pesticides to low-growing crops in the field, there is a common phenomenon of serious droplet drift, which induces environmental pollution and food safety problems; at the same time, due to the serious obstruction of the canopy leaves of low-growing crops in the field, the leaves have a very obvious blocking effect on the droplets during the application of pesticides, and the droplet penetration is relatively poor, which makes the effective deposition of droplets on the front and back of the canopy leaves less than ideal, reducing the effect of pest control, and ultimately affecting the quality and yield of crop production.

[0003] According to the applicant's understanding, most common self-propelled sprayers on the market use wind-assisted spraying to flip the blades, thereby applying pesticides to both sides of the blades. However, the wind always blows in the same direction of the blades, which has a poor effect on flipping the blades. At this time, the droplets also always move in the same direction, making it difficult to ensure that the droplets are effectively deposited on both the front and back sides of the blades. Summary of the invention

[0004] The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a guide cover type adjustable spray angle sprayer which can improve the droplet deposition efficiency of pesticide droplets on the front and back sides of crop canopy leaves.

[0005] In order to solve the above technical problems, the technical solution proposed in the present invention is: a deflector cover type adjustable spray angle sprayer, comprising a chassis, a liquid medicine tank and a spray device, the spray device and the liquid medicine tank are both installed on the chassis, the spray device comprises a bracket, an operating motor, a spray rod and a deflector cover, the bracket is arranged on the chassis, the operating motor and the spray rod are installed on the bracket, the deflector cover is located above the spray rod and is fixedly connected to the spray rod, the spray rod is provided with a plurality of nozzles connected to the liquid medicine tank, and the operating motor can drive the spray rod to swing back and forth by forward and reverse rotation.

[0006] When the deflector cover type adjustable spray angle sprayer of the present invention is in use, driven by the chassis, the spray bar moves along the top of the crop planting row, and the deflector cover above the spray bar can guide the natural wind in the direction away from the spray bar, thereby realizing the anti-drifting and diversion effect on the droplets, preventing the natural wind from blowing towards the droplets to cause the droplets to drift and affect the penetration of the droplets. The present invention utilizes the forward and reverse rotation of the operating motor to drive the spray bar to swing back and forth, and the height of the spray bar changes slightly up and down during the forward and backward swinging process, so that the spraying direction of the nozzle is always changing, and the high-pressure droplets that do not drift have a strong impact force, which will cause the crop leaves to be disturbed and flipped, thereby realizing uniform application of medicine on the front and back sides of the leaves, which can improve the droplet deposition efficiency on the front and back sides of the crop canopy leaves and improve the prevention and control effect of pests and diseases. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0007] The present invention will be further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

[0008] Figure 1 It is a schematic structural diagram of an embodiment of the present invention.

[0009] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the main view of the spray device.

[0010] Figure 3 It is an axonometric diagram of the spray device.

[0011] Figure 4 is a cross-sectional schematic diagram of the spur gear stage, bevel gear set and clutch.

[0012] Figure numerals: 1, chassis; 2, lifting device; 3, main control box; 4, electric cylinder; 5, liquid medicine tank; 6, high-pressure pump; 7, liquid medicine pipe; 8, four-bar linkage; 9, spray device; 9-1, bracket; 9-2, working motor; 9-3, output shaft of working motor; 9-4, gear ring; 9-5, driving spur gear; 9-6, planetary spur gear; 9-7, planetary carrier; 9-8, clutch; 9-9, clutch slide; 9-10, clutch lever; 9-11, fine-tuning motor; 9-12, planet carrier fixing seat; 9-13, first bevel gear; 9-14, second bevel gear; 9-15, connecting piece; 9-16, deflector; 9-17, first bevel gear shaft; 9-18, spray rod; 9-19, spray head; 9-20, crop planting row; 9-21, second bevel gear shaft; 9-22, spring; 9-23, inclination sensor; 9-24, bushing; 9-25, friction plate. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0013] First of all, it should be noted that in this embodiment, "front", "rear", "left" and "right" are based on the direction of movement of the sprayer, where the direction in which the sprayer moves along the crop planting row is defined as "front", the opposite direction is "rear", the left side of the sprayer moving along the crop planting row is "left", and the right side of the sprayer moving along the crop planting row is "right".

[0014] This embodiment shows a guide cover type adjustable spray angle sprayer, such as Figure 1-4 As shown, it includes a chassis 1, a liquid medicine tank 5 and a spray device 9, and the spray device 9 and the liquid medicine tank 5 are both mounted on the chassis 1. The chassis 1 can be mounted on a loading mechanical device such as a tractor, or a self-propelled chassis can be used, such as Figure 1 As shown, the self-propelled chassis is moved by an electric crawler drive, and of course a wheeled drive chassis 1 or the like can also be used.

[0015] The spray device 9 includes an operating motor 9-2 arranged on the chassis 1, a spray rod 9-18, and a deflector 9-16 arranged above the spray rod 9-18 and fixed to the spray rod 9-18. The spray rod 9-18 is provided with a plurality of nozzles 9-19 connected to the liquid medicine tank 5 through the liquid medicine pipe 7. The initial state of the spray rod 9-18 is preferably approximately perpendicular to the moving direction of the chassis 1, so that the spray rod 9-18 is located in a plane approximately perpendicular to the moving direction of the chassis 1. A straight spray rod or an arc-shaped spray rod can be used. The operating motor 9-2 can drive the spray rod 9-18 to swing back and forth by forward and reverse rotation. During implementation, the output shaft of the operating motor 9-2 can be directly connected to the spray rod 9-18, or the spray rod 9-18 can be driven by a reduction box to realize the swing of the spray rod 9-18. In order to increase the impact force of the droplets, a high-pressure pump 6 can be added between the liquid medicine tank 5 and the spray rod 9-18, and the high-pressure pump 6 can increase the pressure of the liquid medicine entering the spray head 9-19.

[0016] In order to adapt to the height of different crops, this embodiment adds a lifting device 2 ( Figure 1 The scissor-type lifting device is shown, and other lifting devices may also be used to adjust the overall height of the liquid medicine tank 5 and the spray device 9. In some embodiments, the electric cylinder 4 may drive the four-bar linkage 8 to adjust the spray device 9 up and down as a whole. At this time, the spray angle of the nozzle 9-19 is fine-tuned accordingly, while the height of the liquid medicine tank 5 remains unchanged.

[0017] Preferably, in order to reduce the influence of natural wind, the drift of fog droplets is prevented as much as possible, such as Figure 2 and Figure 4As shown, the top of the air deflector 9-16 is an arc-shaped surface, and the bottom edge of the air deflector 9-16 is located on the same plane. The spray rod 9-18 is installed on the top arc-shaped surface of the air deflector 9-16, matching the shape of the air deflector 9-16, so that the natural wind flows along the outside of the air deflector 9-16, reducing the impact on the droplets, and the spray rod 9-18 is installed on the top arc-shaped surface of the air deflector 9-16, the connection between the spray rod 9-18 and the air deflector 9-16 is more stable, and the spray rod 9-18 is not easy to shake when swinging.

[0018] For ease of installation and use, preferably, Figure 2-Figure 4 As shown, the working motor 9-2 is connected to drive the spray rod 9-18 through a spur gear set, and the spur gear set includes a driving spur gear 9-5 connected to the output shaft of the working motor 9-2 and a planetary spur gear 9-6 meshing with the driving spur gear 9-5. The planet carrier 9-7 of the planetary spur gear 9-6 has a shaft sleeve 9-24 coaxially arranged with the output axis of the working motor 9-2. The spray rod 9-18 is fixedly connected to the shaft sleeve 9-24 through a connecting piece 9-15, and the spray rod 9-18 and the gear ring 9-4 are respectively located on different sides of the shaft sleeve 9-24. Furthermore, in order to improve the stability of the planetary spur gear 9-6 during operation, a gear ring 9-4 meshing with the planetary spur gear 9-6 is provided on the outer side of the driving spur gear 9-5, and the planetary spur gear 9-6 is located between the driving spur gear 9-5 and the gear ring 9-4.

[0019] When the present embodiment is in use, driven by the chassis 1, the spray rod 9-18 moves above the crop planting row 9-20, and the deflector 9-16 above the spray rod 9-18 can divert the natural wind in the direction away from the spray rod 9-18, thereby achieving the anti-drifting and diversion effect on the droplets, preventing the natural wind from blowing towards the droplets and causing the droplets to drift, thereby affecting the penetration of the droplets; when the operating motor 9-2 rotates forward and reverse to drive the spray rod 9-18 to swing back and forth, the height of the spray rod 9-18 changes up and down slightly, thereby making the spraying direction of the nozzle 9-19 always changing, and the high-pressure droplets that have not drifted have a strong impact force, causing the crop leaves to be disturbed and slightly flipped, and the spraying direction of the nozzle 9-19 is also constantly changing, so that the front and back sides of the leaves can be evenly sprayed, thereby improving the droplet deposition efficiency on the front and back sides of the crop canopy leaves, and improving the prevention and control effect of pests and diseases.

[0020] This embodiment can also be improved as follows: The sprayer of this embodiment also includes a fine-tuning device, such as Figure 1-Figure 4As shown, the fine-tuning device includes a fine-tuning motor 9-11 installed on the chassis 1, a bevel gear set, a clutch 9-8 and an inclination sensor 9-23 for detecting the angle of the spray rod 9-18. In this example, the inclination sensor 9-23 is arranged on the bracket and is located on one side of the working motor. The bevel gear set includes a first bevel gear 9-13 and a second bevel gear 9-14, and the first bevel gear 9-13 and the second bevel gear 9-14 are respectively installed on the first bevel gear 9-13 shaft and the second bevel gear 9-14 shaft. The output shaft of the working motor 9-2 is coaxially arranged with the first bevel gear 9-13 shaft, the bushing 9-24 is sleeved on the first bevel gear 9-13 shaft, the second bevel gear 9-14 is installed on the connecting piece 9-15, the spray rod 9-18 is fixedly connected to the second bevel gear 9-14 shaft, and the clutch 9-8 has a first state in which the working motor drives the spray rod 9-18 to rotate through the spur gear set, and a second state in which the fine-tuning motor 9-11 drives the bevel gear set.

[0021] When the clutch 9-8 is in the second state, in order to ensure that the planet carrier 9-7 does not move any more, Figure 4 As shown, the fine-tuning device also includes a limiting mechanism linked to the clutch 9-8. When the clutch 9-8 is in the second state, the limiting mechanism fixes the planet carrier 9-7 and the bracket 9-1 together. At this time, the fine-tuning motor 9-11 can drive the bevel gear shaft group to adjust the angle of the spray rod 9-18, that is, adjust the tilt amplitude of the spray rod 9-18 to the left and right. When the clutch 9-8 is in the first state, the bevel gear group moves synchronously with the planet carrier 9-7. At this time, the planetary spur gear 9-6 rotates around the active spur gear 9-5, and the first bevel gear 9-13 and the second bevel gear 9-14 rotate with the planet carrier 9-7. When the working motor 9-2 rotates forward and reverse, it drives the spray rod 9-18 to swing back and forth. The limiting mechanism can be an electromagnetic mechanism, etc. When the clutch 9-8 is in the first state, the electromagnetic mechanism does not work. When the clutch 9-8 is in the second state, the electromagnetic mechanism attracts the planet carrier 9-7 to be fixed on the bracket 9-1. Preferably, this embodiment Figure 4 As shown, the limiting mechanism adopts a friction plate 9-25 linked with the clutch 9-8 lever. When the clutch 9-8 is in the first state, the clutch 9-8 lever drives the friction plate 9-25 away from the planetary carrier 9-7 and against the first bevel gear, locking the spray rod to prevent it from rotating with the bevel gear set, so that the spray rod 9-18, the planetary carrier 9-7 and the bevel gear set swing together. When the clutch 9-8 is in the second state, the clutch 9-8 lever drives the friction plate 9-25 away from the first bevel gear and against the planetary carrier 9-7, so that the bevel gear set can work normally, driving the spray rod to move up and down to adjust the tilt amplitude of the spray rod left and right.

[0022] In addition to controlling the movement, turning, lifting of the liquid tank 5, and the lifting of the spray device 9 of the whole machine, the main control box 3 can also adjust the state of the clutch 9-8 according to the detection value of the inclination sensor 9-22, and then adjust the angle of the spray rod 9-18. Under normal conditions, the clutch 9-8 is in the first state. When the spray rod 9-18 is tilted and the inclination angle detected by the inclination sensor 9-22 exceeds the preset value, the main control box 3 determines that the sprayer encounters an uneven place when advancing. The main control box 3 drives the clutch slide bar 9-9 and the clutch lever 9-10 to act, so that the clutch 9-8 is in the second state. At this time, the fine-tuning motor 9-11 drives the bevel gear shaft group to adjust the angle of the spray rod 9-18, maintain the gap and angle with the crop, and try to keep the angle of the spray rod 9-18 consistent with the initial state.

Claims

1. A guide cover type adjustable spray angle sprayer, characterized in that: The utility model comprises a chassis, a medicine liquid tank and a spray device, wherein the spray device and the medicine liquid tank are both installed on the chassis, the spray device comprises a bracket, an operating motor, a spray rod and a guide cover, the bracket is arranged on the chassis, the operating motor and the spray rod are installed on the bracket, the guide cover is located above the spray rod and is fixedly connected to the spray rod, the spray rod is provided with a plurality of nozzles connected with the medicine liquid tank, and the operating motor can drive the spray rod to swing back and forth by forward and reverse rotation.

2. The guide cover type adjustable spray angle sprayer according to claim 1, characterized in that: The working motor is connected to drive the spray rod through a spur gear set, and the spur gear set includes a driving spur gear connected to the output shaft of the working motor and a planetary spur gear meshing with the driving spur gear. The planet carrier of the planetary spur gear has a sleeve coaxially arranged with the output shaft of the working motor. The spray rod is fixedly connected to the sleeve through a connecting piece, and the spray rod and the gear ring are respectively located on different sides of the sleeve.

3. The guide cover type adjustable spray angle sprayer according to claim 2, characterized in that: A gear ring meshing with the planetary spur gear is disposed on the outer side of the driving spur gear, and the planetary spur gear is located between the driving spur gear and the gear ring.

4. The guide cover type adjustable spray angle sprayer according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that: The top of the deflector is an arc-shaped surface, the bottom edge of the deflector is located on the same plane, and the spray rod is installed on the top arc-shaped surface of the deflector to match the shape of the deflector.

5. The guide cover type adjustable spray angle sprayer according to claim 2 or 3, characterized in that: It also includes a fine-tuning device, which includes a fine-tuning motor installed on the chassis, a bevel gear set, a clutch, and an inclination sensor for detecting the angle of the spray boom, the bevel gear set includes a first bevel gear and a second bevel gear, the first bevel gear and the second bevel gear are respectively installed on a first bevel gear shaft and a second bevel gear shaft, the output shaft of the working motor is coaxially arranged with the first bevel gear shaft, and the clutch has a first state in which the working motor drives the spray boom to rotate through the spur gear set, and a second state in which the fine-tuning motor drives the bevel gear set; The shaft sleeve is sleeved on the first bevel gear shaft, the second bevel gear is installed on the connecting piece, and the spray rod is fixedly connected to the second bevel gear shaft; The fine-tuning device further comprises a limiting mechanism linked with the clutch, wherein when the clutch is in the second state, the limiting mechanism fixes the planet carrier and the bracket together, and when the clutch is in the first state, the bevel gear set moves and the planet carrier is locked; The clutch is in a first state under normal conditions, and when the tilt angle detected by the tilt sensor exceeds a preset value, the clutch switches to a second state.

6. The guide cover type adjustable spray angle sprayer according to claim 5, characterized in that: The limiting mechanism is a friction plate connected to the pull rod of the clutch. When the clutch is in the second state, the friction plate abuts against the planet carrier, thereby fixing the planet carrier and the bracket together. When the clutch is in the first state, the friction plate abuts against the first bevel gear.

7. The guide cover type adjustable spray angle sprayer according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that: The chassis is a self-propelled chassis.

8. The guide cover type adjustable spray angle sprayer according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that: The chassis is provided with a lifting device, and the liquid medicine tank and the spray device are arranged on the lifting device.

9. The guide cover type adjustable spray angle sprayer according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that: A high-pressure pump is arranged between the liquid medicine tank and the spray rod.

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