Self-powered wearable diagnosis and treatment integrated patch for specific dermatitis, preparation method and application

Abstract

The application provides a self-powered wearable diagnosis and treatment integrated patch for atopic dermatitis, a preparation method and application thereof, the patch uses a rechargeable power supply as an energy source, the rechargeable power supply is based on a piezoelectric effect, and energy work can be achieved by converting human body mechanical energy into electrical energy, so that the rechargeable power supply is powered. The patch provided by the application can measure the skin water content through skin heat effect, and can quickly and accurately monitor the skin state. Health is directly judged according to the measured skin water content, drug release is achieved without external intervention, and the whole treatment process is completed. The application integrates a hyaluronic acid microneedle array, can transdermally deliver antibiotic drugs and simultaneously moisturize the skin. The patch can effectively and safely detect and treat atopic dermatitis, and the spleen length of atopic dermatitis mice under the treatment of the patch is obviously shorter than that of untreated atopic dermatitis mice.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the field of wearable medical devices in biomedical engineering, and in particular relates to a self-powered wearable integrated diagnosis and treatment patch for atopic dermatitis. Background Art

[0002] Atopic dermatitis (AD) is a chronic inflammatory skin disease that significantly impacts healthcare resources and patients' quality of life. Globally, AD affects up to 20% of children and 3% of adults. AD typically develops in early childhood, with approximately 50% of AD patients experiencing other allergic symptoms within the first year of life, and up to 85% developing the disease before the age of five. AD may also develop other allergic diseases with age. Recent genetic research suggests that impaired skin barrier function is a key mechanism in the pathogenesis of AD. Normal skin maintains a balance between lipid and water content; when this balance is disrupted, dryness and a compromised skin barrier result, hallmark symptoms of AD. Quantitative assessment of skin barrier function can provide important guidance for clinical decision-making. Common non-invasive methods for assessing the skin barrier include observation of skin surface structure, determination of transepidermal water loss (TEWL) by measuring water vapor pressure at the skin surface, and indirect assessment of moisture content by measuring skin conductivity, capacitance, or impedance. However, existing measurement instruments often use rigid electrode probes, which are difficult to adhere to the skin surface and impose high requirements on contact pressure and angle. In addition, most of these instruments are bulky and expensive, making them inconvenient to carry around. Recently, researchers have developed a flexible skin hydration sensor based on thermal sensing. This sensor has the advantages of being thin, light, conformable and easy to carry. It detects skin hydration by measuring the thermal properties of the skin surface. However, most existing sensors have a single function and are difficult to combine with treatment modules to achieve integrated detection and treatment. For patients with mild atopic dermatitis, current treatments mainly include skin moisturizing and the use of topical anti-inflammatory drugs; for more severe patients, topical steroid hormones or calcineurin inhibitors are used for treatment.

[0003] While these treatments achieve excellent efficacy, they can also have serious adverse effects. For example, long-term use of hormones can lead to drug resistance, while chronic injections can cause local pain and even tissue necrosis. Therefore, more precise and effective treatments are urgently needed. Microneedles (MNs) offer promising applications as a painless alternative with fewer side effects. Hyaluronic acid (HA), an ideal polymer matrix for microneedles, has attracted considerable attention due to its strong biocompatibility, water-retention properties, and human origin. HA microneedles not only possess sufficient mechanical strength to penetrate the stratum corneum but can also be used for drug delivery. However, current measurement and treatment methods are unable to achieve intelligent drug delivery tailored to the severity of a patient's dermatitis, necessitating urgent innovation and improvement. This self-powered, wearable, closed-loop microneedle system, powered by wireless technology and controlled by a smartphone, would provide patients with atopic dermatitis with the flexibility of anytime, anywhere testing and treatment, facilitating personalized skin disease management. By developing a microneedle system with drug delivery capabilities, the device not only enables precise treatment but also possesses strong biocompatibility. Transdermal drug delivery technology also demonstrates significant potential as a non-invasive, painless alternative. These innovations provide new hope for exploring and developing more effective treatments for atopic dermatitis. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The goal of this invention is to design a wearable patch that integrates atopic dermatitis detection and treatment. This patch uses the skin's thermal effects to measure skin moisture content, assessing the patient's current physical condition. Based on this moisture content, the patch then determines whether degradable microneedle drug delivery is necessary. This device offers a battery-free, portable method for measuring skin moisture and treating atopic dermatitis. This device is expected to fill a gap in research in this field, both domestically and internationally, and further expand the application of integrated diagnosis and treatment for skin diseases.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides a self-powered wearable integrated diagnosis and treatment patch for atopic dermatitis. The patch uses a rechargeable power supply as an energy source. The rechargeable power supply is based on the piezoelectric effect and can utilize the energy converted from the human body's mechanical energy into electrical energy to realize the energy supply of the rechargeable power supply.

[0006] To solve the above technical problems, the present invention provides a self-powered wearable integrated diagnosis and treatment patch for atopic dermatitis, comprising a rechargeable power supply 1-1, a flexible circuit module 1-2, and temperature-controlled therapeutic microneedles 1-3;

[0007] The rechargeable power supply comprises two pieces of lead zirconate titanate piezoelectric ceramics stacked one above the other and a stainless steel shell, wherein the two pieces of lead zirconate titanate piezoelectric ceramics are wrapped inside the stainless steel shell;

[0008] The flexible circuit module of the system includes a measurement module and a control chip, and the control chip controls the measurement module; the flexible circuit module is a double-layer circuit board, wherein the control chip is located on the upper circuit board and the measurement module is located on the lower circuit board;

[0009] Specifically, the measurement module includes a heating circuit 2-1, a measurement circuit 2-2, and a data extraction circuit 2-3. The heating circuit serves as the heating release circuit of the microneedle, and the control chip generates a signal to power the heating circuit. The measurement circuit is a differential circuit connected to a rechargeable power supply as an energy source. The data extraction circuit uses the digital-to-analog conversion function of the control chip's enable pin to read the voltage value of the differential circuit through analog input and record it. The heating circuit, measurement circuit, and data extraction circuit remain electrically connected.

[0010] The temperature-controlled therapeutic microneedles include a microneedle array matrix and a temperature-sensitive material. The surface of the microneedle array matrix is ​​coated with the temperature-sensitive material. When the measurement circuit detects that the drug needs to be released, the control chip releases a signal, causing the microneedle heating release circuit to heat the temperature-controlled therapeutic microneedles, melting the temperature-sensitive material into a liquid state, prompting the drug in the microneedles to be released.

[0011] The rechargeable power supply, flexible circuit module and temperature-controlled therapeutic microneedles are connected to the flexible substrate through a reflow soldering process, and the control chip and rechargeable power supply are on the upper surface of the flexible substrate; the measurement module and temperature-controlled therapeutic microneedles are located on the lower surface of the flexible circuit, and the components on the upper surface of the flexible substrate are encapsulated using polydimethylsiloxane.

[0012] The heating circuit is composed of two heating wires RH1 and RH2 connected in series. The analog output of the control chip's open pin is pulse modulated to generate a pulse signal to power the heating wires.

[0013] The measurement circuit consists of two resistors R1 and R2 and two negative temperature coefficient thermistors NTC+ and NTC-; NTC+ and R1 form one path, and NTC- and R2 form two paths connected in parallel to form a differential circuit; one end of the differential circuit is connected to a rechargeable power supply, and the other end is connected to a quantity extraction circuit. The quantity extraction circuit extracts the voltage values ​​of the two paths, and the control chip releases a signal to power the heating circuit.

[0014] The melting point of the thermosensitive material is 40-42 degrees Celsius; the thermosensitive material is tridecanoic acid, the microneedle array matrix is ​​hyaluronic acid, and is loaded with the antibiotic dexamethasone.

[0015] The present invention also provides a method for preparing a self-powered wearable integrated diagnosis and treatment patch for atopic dermatitis, comprising the following steps:

[0016] Step 1: Designing a flexible circuit board: Designing a circuit using electronic design automation software and patterning a polyimide film to obtain a flexible substrate.

[0017] Step 2: Welding the flexible circuit board; integrating the rechargeable power supply, flexible circuit module, and temperature-controlled therapeutic microneedles on the flexible substrate; wherein the control chip in the flexible circuit module is integrated on the upper surface of the flexible substrate, and the measurement module reflow soldering technology is integrated on the lower surface of the flexible substrate, and the various circuit modules maintain electrical connection;

[0018] Step 3: Use polydimethylsiloxane to encapsulate the upper surface of the flexible substrate in small amounts multiple times to ensure that the device remains insulated from the outside world after encapsulation, and cure at 80° C. for 2 hours.

[0019] The steps for preparing the temperature-controlled therapeutic microneedle are as follows:

[0020] Step 11, preparation of hyaluronic acid microneedles: prepare a hyaluronic acid aqueous solution, dissolve hyaluronic acid in water, and the concentration of hyaluronic acid in the solution is 150 mg / ml.

[0021] Step 12: adding dexamethasone sodium phosphate to the hyaluronic acid solution of step 1, and stirring the solution thoroughly for more than 2 hours using a stirring bar and a magnetic stirrer, so that the resulting mixed solution contains an effective concentration of dexamethasone sodium phosphate;

[0022] Step 13: Place the solution prepared in step 12 into a microneedle mold, repeatedly evacuate the mold using a vacuum drying oven to remove bubbles, dry for 24 hours, and then demold the mold to obtain a microneedle array matrix.

[0023] Step 14: Place the microneedle array matrix obtained in step 13 flat on a container, put the temperature-sensitive material into a spray bottle, heat it in a 70-degree Celsius oven to a liquid, and evenly spray it on the surface of the microneedle array to form a uniform coating. After standing at room temperature for ten minutes, a microneedle array coated with the temperature-sensitive material is obtained.

[0024] Specifically, the effective concentration is 2.5 micrograms per milliliter.

[0025] The present invention also provides a method for constructing a mouse model for treating atopic dermatitis using an integrated treatment and monitoring ultrasound patch, which uses the patch as described above and comprises the following steps:

[0026] Step 21. Modeling mice with atopic dermatitis: 1% dinitrochlorobenzene solution was used to stimulate atopic dermatitis in mice. 1% dinitrochlorobenzene was repeatedly applied to the mice's footpads, abdomen, ears, and backs daily for one week. The model was considered successful when atopic dermatitis-like appearance, such as erythema, exudation, and exfoliation, appeared on the skin of the mice in the test areas. After successful modeling, the mice were re-stimulated every two days during the treatment period.

[0027] Step 22: Expose the patch to ultraviolet light in a laminar flow cell culture chamber for 30 minutes to sterilize the patch.

[0028] Step 23: Using the temperature-controlled therapeutic microneedles on the patch, the patch is inserted into the back epidermis of the mouse to complete the fixation of the device;

[0029] Step 24: Turn on the patch circuit twice a day to test the water content. If drug release occurs after the test, replace the microneedle and repeat step 23 to fix the device on the mouse's back. The specific mice are tested twice for 14 consecutive days, each test lasting three minutes. If drug release occurs, the microneedle is replaced after one hour.

[0030] The beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows:

[0031] (1) Measuring skin moisture content through skin thermal effect can quickly and accurately monitor skin condition.

[0032] (2) The present invention directly determines the health of the skin by measuring the moisture content of the skin, and releases the drug without external intervention, thus completing the entire treatment process.

[0033] (3) The present invention integrates a hyaluronic acid microneedle array, which can deliver antibiotic drugs transdermally and moisturize the skin at the same time.

[0034] (4) The device designed by the present invention can effectively and safely detect and treat atopic dermatitis. Under the treatment of the patch, the spleen length of the atopic dermatitis mice was significantly shorter than that of the untreated atopic dermatitis mice. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0035] Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the integrated structure of skin moisture measurement and drug release microneedles;

[0036] Figure 2 This is the circuit diagram of the skin moisture measurement module;

[0037] Figure 3 The following is a schematic diagram of the workflow of the entire system;

[0038] Figure 4 This is the skin moisture content measurement result diagram;

[0039] Figure 5 SEM images of the microneedle array without tridecanoic acid coating (left) and the microneedle array coated with tridecanoic acid (right);

[0040] Figure 6 This is a statistical chart of spleen length in mice in animal experiments. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0041] In order to better understand the purpose, structure and function of the present invention, the following is a further detailed description of the self-powered wearable integrated diagnosis and treatment patch for atopic dermatitis, its preparation method and its application in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

[0042] Example 1

[0043] This embodiment provides a self-powered wearable integrated diagnosis and treatment patch for atopic dermatitis, such as Figure 1 , which is a schematic diagram of the structure of a self-powered wearable integrated diagnosis and treatment patch for atopic dermatitis, comprising a rechargeable power supply 1-1, a flexible circuit module 1-2, and temperature-controlled therapeutic microneedles 1-3;

[0044] Rechargeable power supply 1-1 serves as the patch's energy source. It converts the mechanical energy generated by body movement into electrical energy through piezoelectric ceramic sheets, which then charge the system. The piezoelectric ceramic sheets consist of two stacked sheets of lead zirconate titanate (PZT) piezoelectric ceramics (PZT) and a stainless steel casing. The PZT piezoelectric ceramics are rectangular, approximately 9 cm wide and 5 cm long, while the stainless steel casing is a rectangular, approximately 9.5 cm wide and 5.5 cm long. Lead zirconate titanate piezoelectric ceramics are wrapped in a small amount of epoxy resin inside a stainless steel shell. Due to the piezoelectric effect, when the piezoelectric ceramic is subjected to a longitudinal external force, polarization will occur inside it, and its upper and lower surfaces will exhibit opposite positive and negative charges. When the external force disappears, it returns to an uncharged state. Therefore, when the piezoelectric ceramic is pressed by the outside world, it will convert the mechanical energy of the human body's pressure into a piezoelectric signal. When pressed, the output of the piezoelectric ceramic can reach about 20 volts and 20 microamperes, which can charge the rechargeable power supply.

[0045] The system's flexible circuit module 1-2 includes a measurement module and a control chip, which electrically controls the circuit. The flexible circuit module is a double-layer circuit board, divided into upper and lower surfaces, with the control chip located on the upper circuit board and the measurement module on the lower circuit board.

[0046] like Figure 2As shown, it is a schematic diagram of the measurement module in the flexible circuit module 1-2, which specifically includes a heating circuit 2-1, a measurement circuit 2-2 and a data extraction circuit 2-3; the heating circuit is composed of two heating wires RH1 and RH2 in series, the analog output of the control chip opening pin is pulse modulated (PWM), and a pulse signal is generated to power the heating wire as the heating release circuit of the microneedle; the measurement circuit is composed of two ordinary resistors R1 and R2 and two negative temperature coefficient thermistors NTC+ and NTC-. The measurement circuit is directly connected to the rechargeable power supply (VDD of 2-2) as the energy source, NTC+ and R1 form one path, NTC- and R2 form another path, and the two paths are connected in parallel to form a differential circuit. The GND of the heating circuit and the GND of the measurement circuit are finally gathered together and connected to the negative electrode of the rechargeable power supply. The heat of the heating wire will cause the resistance value of the thermistor to change, thereby affecting the voltage across the data extraction circuit, and the difference in skin water content will cause the difference in skin heat effect, thereby having different heat dissipation capabilities, so the voltage obtained by the data extraction circuit of the skin with different water contents is different. The digital extraction circuit uses the digital-to-analog conversion function of the control chip opening pin to read the voltage value through analog input and records it. The heating circuit, the measurement circuit and the data extraction circuit are electrically connected.

[0047] The temperature-controlled treatment microneedle 1-3 includes a microneedle array matrix and a temperature-sensitive material; the surface of the microneedle array matrix is wrapped with tridecanoic acid, a temperature-sensitive material with a melting point of 41-42 degrees Celsius, so in a normal environment, tridecanoic acid is a solid material. When the measurement circuit detects that the drug needs to be released, the control chip releases a pulse signal, the heating release circuit of the microneedle heats the microneedle with the heating wire, and the tridecanoic acid on the surface of the microneedle melts into a liquid state, prompting the drug in the microneedle to complete the release.

[0048] The microneedle array matrix is hyaluronic acid and loaded with the antibiotic dexamethasone. After the tridecanoic acid melts, the microneedle melts, and the hyaluronic acid and dexamethasone work together on the affected area to complete the dual effects of skin moisturizing and treatment.

[0049] The rechargeable power supply 1-1, the flexible circuit module 1-2 and the temperature-controlled treatment microneedle 1-3 are connected on the flexible substrate by reflow soldering process; the control chip and the rechargeable power supply are on the upper surface of the flexible substrate; the measurement module and the temperature-controlled treatment microneedle are on the lower surface of the flexible circuit, and the elements on the upper surface of the flexible substrate are packaged with polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS); the device is insulated from the outside after packaging, has good biocompatibility, bendability and stretchability.

[0050] As Figure 3As shown, the working flow chart of the patch is shown, in this embodiment, the human body mechanical energy is converted into electrical energy by piezoelectric ceramics to power the charging power supply, the charging power supply is connected to the patch to power the measurement of water content, and then the water content is judged, and if it is higher than the threshold value, no response is made, and if it is lower than the threshold value, the heating release circuit of the microneedle is started to release the drug.

[0051] Figure 4 The skin water content test results of this embodiment are shown. Different water contents of the skin have different thermal characteristics and thermal responses.

[0052] Figure 5 The microneedles without tridecane acid (left) and the microneedles with tridecane acid (right) are shown. It can be seen that compared with the left figure, the surface morphology of the microneedles with tridecane acid has changed.

[0053] Figure 6 The specific dermatitis model of a mouse to which the present example is applied is shown, and the microneedle patch is fixed on the back of the mouse. The healthy group is a healthy mouse without disease, the dermatitis group is a specific dermatitis mouse without any treatment, and the treatment group is a specific dermatitis mouse treated with dexamethasone hyaluronic acid microneedles. Inflammatory response can cause the size of the spleen to change. It can be seen that after 14 days of treatment with the device, the length of the spleen of the treatment group is significantly smaller than that of the dermatitis group, with a statistically significant difference, indicating that the microneedle patch can effectively treat specific dermatitis.

[0054] Example 2

[0055] The present embodiment provides a preparation method of a self-powered wearable diagnosis and treatment integrated patch for specific dermatitis, which specifically comprises the following steps:

[0056] Step 1, design of flexible circuit board; design the circuit by using Jialichuang electronic design automation software, and patternize the polyimide film to obtain a flexible substrate

[0057] Step 2, welding of flexible circuit board; integrate the rechargeable power supply, flexible circuit module and temperature control treatment microneedle on the flexible substrate; the control chip in the flexible circuit module is integrated on the upper layer of the flexible substrate, the measurement module is integrated on the bottom layer of the flexible substrate by reflow soldering technology, and the electrical connection between the various modules of the circuit is maintained, and finally the size of the circuit is a double-layer flexible circuit board with a diameter of 2 cm.

[0058] Step 3, a small amount of multiple encapsulation of the upper surface of the circuit, i.e. the side with the control chip, is performed using PDMS, so as to ensure that the device is insulated from the outside after encapsulation, and is cured at 80°C for 2 hours. During encapsulation, attention should be paid to prevent the PDMS from sticking the wires before and after or causing the device to have reduced deformability due to excessive encapsulation.

[0059] Furthermore, the preparation steps of a temperature-controlled therapeutic microneedle array of dexamethasone hyaluronic acid microneedle coated with tridecanoic acid are as follows:

[0060] Step 11, preparation of hyaluronic acid microneedles: prepare a hyaluronic acid aqueous solution, dissolve hyaluronic acid in water, and the concentration of hyaluronic acid in the solution is 150 mg / ml.

[0061] Step 12: Add dexamethasone sodium phosphate to the hyaluronic acid solution of step 1, and stir the solution thoroughly for more than 2 hours using a stirring bar and a magnetic stirrer. The concentration of dexamethasone sodium phosphate in the final mixed solution is about 2.5 μg / ml.

[0062] Step 13: Place the solution prepared in step 2 into a microneedle mold, repeatedly evacuate the mold using a vacuum drying oven to remove bubbles, dry for 24 hours, and then demold to obtain a microneedle array matrix.

[0063] Step 14: Place the microneedle array matrix obtained in Step 3 flat on a container. Place tridecanoic acid in a spray bottle, heat in a 70°C oven until liquid, and evenly spray it onto the microneedle array surface to form a uniform coating. Allow the solution to stand at room temperature for ten minutes to obtain a microneedle array coated with tridecanoic acid.

[0064] Example 3

[0065] This embodiment provides a method for constructing a mouse model for treating atopic dermatitis using an ultrasound patch that integrates treatment and monitoring.

[0066] Step 21. Establish atopic dermatitis mouse model. Mice were challenged with atopic dermatitis using a 1% dinitrochlorobenzene solution. 1% dinitrochlorobenzene was repeatedly applied to the footpads, abdomen, ears, and back of the mice daily for one week. Successful modeling was considered successful when atopic dermatitis-like appearance, such as erythema, exudation, and exfoliation, appeared in the test areas. After successful modeling, mice were re-challenged every two days during treatment.

[0067] Step 22: Expose the encapsulated microneedle patch to ultraviolet light in a laminar flow cell culture chamber for 30 minutes to sterilize the patch.

[0068] Step 23: Use a microneedle to insert the patch into the mouse's back epidermis to fix the device. Tegaderm or other adhesive tape can be used to help further fix the patch.

[0069] Step 24: Twice daily, the patch circuit was activated to test for moisture content. If drug release was detected, the microneedles were replaced, and step 3 was repeated to secure the device to the mouse's back. The experiment continued for 14 consecutive days, with two tests per day on each specific mouse, each lasting three minutes. If drug release was detected, the microneedles were replaced after one hour.

[0070] It will be understood that the present invention is described by way of some embodiments, and it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that various changes or equivalent substitutions may be made to these features and embodiments without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention. In addition, under the teachings of the present invention, these features and embodiments may be modified to adapt to specific circumstances and materials without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention. Therefore, the present invention is not limited to the specific embodiments disclosed herein, and all embodiments falling within the scope of the claims of this application are intended to be protected by the present invention.

Claims

1. A self-powered wearable integrated diagnosis and treatment patch for atopic dermatitis, characterized in that: The patch includes a rechargeable power source (1-1), a flexible circuit module (1-2) and temperature-controlled therapeutic microneedles (1-3); The rechargeable power supply comprises two pieces of lead zirconate titanate piezoelectric ceramics stacked one above the other and a stainless steel shell, wherein the two pieces of lead zirconate titanate piezoelectric ceramics are wrapped inside the stainless steel shell; The flexible circuit module includes a measurement module and a control chip, and the control chip controls the measurement module. The flexible circuit module is a double-layer circuit board, wherein the control chip is located on the upper circuit board and the measurement module is located on the lower circuit board. The measurement module includes a heating circuit (2-1), a measuring circuit (2-2) and a data extraction circuit (2-3); wherein the heating circuit serves as a heating release circuit for the microneedles, and the control chip generates a signal to power the heating circuit for heating; the measuring circuit is a differential circuit, connected to a rechargeable power supply as an energy source, and is used to measure the moisture content of the skin; the quantity extraction circuit uses the digital-to-analog conversion function of the control chip's activation pin to read the voltage value of the differential circuit through an analog input and record it, and the heating circuit, the measuring circuit and the data extraction circuit remain electrically connected; The heating circuit is composed of two heating wires RH1 and RH2 connected in series. The analog output of the control chip's open pin is pulse modulated to generate a pulse signal to power the heating wires. The measurement circuit is composed of two resistors R1 and R2 and two negative temperature coefficient thermistors NTC+ and NTC-; NTC+ and R1 form one path, and NTC- and R2 form two paths connected in parallel to form a differential circuit; one end of the differential circuit is connected to a rechargeable power supply, and the other end is connected to a quantity extraction circuit. The quantity extraction circuit extracts the voltage values ​​of the two paths, and the control chip releases a signal to power the heating circuit; The temperature-controlled therapeutic microneedles include a microneedle array matrix and a temperature-sensitive material. The surface of the microneedle array matrix is ​​coated with the temperature-sensitive material. When the measurement circuit detects that the water content is lower than the threshold and the drug needs to be released, the control chip releases a signal to make the microneedle heating release circuit heat the temperature-controlled therapeutic microneedles, melting the temperature-sensitive material into a liquid state, prompting the drug in the microneedles to be released. The rechargeable power supply, flexible circuit module and temperature-controlled therapeutic microneedles are connected to the flexible substrate through a reflow soldering process, and the control chip and rechargeable power supply are on the upper surface of the flexible substrate; the measurement module and temperature-controlled therapeutic microneedles are located on the lower surface of the flexible circuit, and the components on the upper surface of the flexible substrate are encapsulated using polydimethylsiloxane.

2. A self-powered wearable integrated diagnosis and treatment patch for atopic dermatitis according to claim 1, characterized in that: The melting point of the temperature-sensitive material is 40-42 degrees Celsius.

3. A self-powered wearable integrated diagnosis and treatment patch for atopic dermatitis according to claim 2, characterized in that: The thermosensitive material is tridecanoic acid, the microneedle array matrix is ​​hyaluronic acid, and is loaded with the antibiotic dexamethasone.

4. The method for preparing a self-powered wearable integrated diagnosis and treatment patch for atopic dermatitis according to claim 1, wherein: The following steps are involved: Step 1: Designing a flexible circuit board: Designing a circuit using electronic design automation software and patterning a polyimide film to obtain a flexible substrate. Step 2: Welding the flexible circuit board; integrating the rechargeable power supply, flexible circuit module, and temperature-controlled therapeutic microneedles on the flexible substrate; wherein the control chip in the flexible circuit module is integrated on the upper surface of the flexible substrate, and the measurement module reflow soldering technology is integrated on the lower surface of the flexible substrate, and the various circuit modules maintain electrical connection; Step 3: Use polydimethylsiloxane to encapsulate the upper surface of the flexible substrate in small amounts multiple times to ensure that the device remains insulated from the outside world after encapsulation, and cure at 80° C. for 2 hours.

5. The method for preparing a self-powered wearable integrated diagnosis and treatment patch for atopic dermatitis according to claim 4, characterized in that: The steps for preparing the temperature-controlled therapeutic microneedle are as follows: Step 11, preparation of hyaluronic acid microneedles: preparing a hyaluronic acid aqueous solution by dissolving hyaluronic acid in water, wherein the concentration of hyaluronic acid in the solution is 150 mg / ml; Step 12: adding dexamethasone sodium phosphate to the hyaluronic acid solution of step 1, and stirring the solution thoroughly for more than 2 hours using a stirring bar and a magnetic stirrer, so that the resulting mixed solution contains an effective concentration of dexamethasone sodium phosphate; Step 13: Place the solution prepared in step 12 into a microneedle mold, repeatedly evacuate the mold using a vacuum drying oven to remove bubbles, dry for 24 hours, and then demold the mold to obtain a microneedle array matrix. Step 14: Place the microneedle array matrix obtained in step 13 flat on a container, put the temperature-sensitive material into a spray bottle, heat it in a 70-degree Celsius oven to a liquid, and evenly spray it on the surface of the microneedle array to form a uniform coating. After standing at room temperature for ten minutes, a microneedle array coated with the temperature-sensitive material is obtained.

6. The method for preparing a self-powered wearable integrated diagnosis and treatment patch for atopic dermatitis according to claim 5, characterized in that: The effective concentration is 2.5 micrograms per milliliter.

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