Optical path coupling system and closed-loop control method for leather weakening processing based on optical path coupling system

Abstract

This invention relates to an optical path coupling system and a closed-loop control method for leather weakening processing based on the optical path coupling system. The optical path coupling system includes a laser generating mechanism, a focusing mechanism, a scanning mechanism, an information acquisition mechanism, and a main controller. The control method includes the following steps: S1, the processing laser beam emitted by the laser generating mechanism acts on the leather surface to process microgrooves; S2, the light source laser beam emitted by the scanning light source is split into a P-beam and an S-beam by a beam splitter. The P-beam performs multi-dimensional lateral scanning in the microgrooves, and the S-beam performs multi-dimensional lateral scanning on the leather surface; S3, the P-beam and S-beam are mixed in a coupler to obtain a scanning beam, which is then captured by a camera after passing through a 4F optical mechanism to generate image information; S4, the main controller processes the image information and controls the operation of the laser generating mechanism. This invention enables the simultaneous processing and detection of microgrooves, effectively improving production efficiency and quality.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of leather weakening processing technology, and in particular to an optical path coupling system and a closed-loop control method for leather weakening processing based on the optical path coupling system. Background Technology

[0002] During the laser weakening of leather, factors such as laser power fluctuations, switching delays, uneven leather surface, and inconsistent density across layers make it difficult to achieve uniform fracture strength (consistent residual leather thickness) at the weakened areas. This can lead to airbags failing to deploy properly in the event of a car collision, thus failing to protect occupants. Furthermore, the microgrooves at the weakened leather surface are 20 μm-30 μm wide and 0.6 mm-0.8 mm deep, and the presence of wool or other materials makes it difficult to directly measure the groove depth using an optical microscope. Currently, the residual thickness is obtained by cutting the leather along the groove width. The specific steps are: after the controller controls the laser to process the microgrooves on the leather, the leather is removed, then cut along the groove width, and finally placed under an optical microscope to measure the residual thickness. This method suffers from low production efficiency and large errors in the measured microgroove dimensions. Summary of the Invention

[0003] Therefore, it is necessary to address the problems of existing methods that cut leather along the width of the groove to obtain residual thickness, resulting in low production efficiency and large errors in the tested microgroove dimensions. A light-path coupling system and a closed-loop control method based on this system for leather weakening processing are needed.

[0004] An optical path coupling system, comprising:

[0005] Laser generating mechanism, used to emit laser beams for processing;

[0006] A focusing mechanism is used to focus the processing laser beam emitted by the laser generating mechanism and apply it to the leather surface to process microgrooves.

[0007] A scanning mechanism is used to scan a workpiece. The scanning mechanism includes a scanning light source, a beam splitter, a scanning focusing lens, and a coupler. The laser beam emitted by the scanning light source is split into a P-beam and an S-beam by the beam splitter. The P-beam is focused by the focusing mechanism and acts on the microgroove to perform multi-dimensional lateral scanning. The S-beam is focused by the scanning focusing lens and acts on the leather surface to perform multi-dimensional lateral scanning. After scanning, the P-beam and the S-beam return to the coupler along the original path and are mixed to obtain the scanning beam.

[0008] An information acquisition mechanism is used to perform linear optical information processing on the scanning beam and acquire it to generate image information. The information acquisition mechanism includes a 4F optical mechanism and a camera. The scanning beam is acquired by the camera after passing through the 4F optical mechanism to generate image information.

[0009] The main controller is used to control the start and stop of the laser generating mechanism based on the acquired image information. The camera is communicatively connected to the main controller, and the laser generating mechanism is electrically connected to the main controller.

[0010] In one embodiment, the laser generating mechanism includes a laser and a laser controller, the laser controller controlling the start and stop of the laser.

[0011] In one embodiment, the focusing mechanism includes a beam expander, a reflector, a dichroic mirror, a galvanometer, and a field mirror. The processing laser beam emitted by the laser is collimated by the beam expander, reflected by the reflector and the dichroic mirror, and enters the galvanometer. The field mirror focuses the collimated processing laser beam entering the galvanometer and applies it to the leather surface to process microgrooves.

[0012] In one embodiment, the P-beam is transmitted through the dichroic mirror into the galvanometer, and then focused by the field mirror onto the microgroove to perform multidimensional lateral scanning.

[0013] In one embodiment, the scanning focusing lens and the galvanometer are spaced apart in the horizontal direction.

[0014] In one embodiment, the scanning mechanism further includes an isolator, a collimator, and an optical fiber. The isolator is disposed between the scanning light source and the coupler, the collimator is disposed between the coupler and the beam splitter, and the isolator, the collimator, and the coupler are connected by an optical fiber.

[0015] In one embodiment, the 4F optical mechanism includes a first focusing lens, a second focusing lens, and a grating. The scanning beam, after passing through the first focusing lens, the grating, and the second focusing lens, forms interference on the camera surface and is acquired by the camera to generate image information.

[0016] In one embodiment, the laser is a picosecond laser, the laser emits a processing laser beam with a wavelength of 355 nm, and the laser power is 30 W; the scanning light source emits a light source laser beam with a wavelength of 840 nm, the scanning light source power is 10 mW, the scanning light source frame rate is 70 kHz, and the scanning light source incident angle is 1°; the field lens is an achromatic telecentric field lens.

[0017] A closed-loop control method for leather weakening processing based on the optical path coupling system described above is characterized by comprising the following steps:

[0018] S1. The processing laser beam emitted by the laser generating mechanism is focused by the focusing mechanism and acts on the leather surface to process microgrooves;

[0019] S2. The laser beam emitted by the scanning light source is split into a P beam and an S beam by the beam splitter prism. The P beam is focused by the focusing mechanism and acts on the microgroove to perform multi-dimensional lateral scanning. The S beam is focused by the scanning focusing lens and acts on the leather surface to perform multi-dimensional lateral scanning.

[0020] S3. The P-light and the S-light, after scanning, return to the coupler and mix to obtain a scanning beam. The scanning beam is then captured by the camera after passing through the 4F optical mechanism to generate image information.

[0021] S4. The main controller processes the image information and determines whether the width and depth of the currently processed microgroove meet the requirements. If yes, the main controller controls the laser generating mechanism to stop working; if no, the main controller controls the laser generating mechanism to continue working.

[0022] The beneficial effects of this invention are as follows: with the cooperation of the laser generating mechanism, focusing mechanism, scanning mechanism, information acquisition mechanism and main controller, it is possible to process microgrooves on leather while simultaneously detecting the microgrooves. Furthermore, the main controller controls the start and stop of the laser generating mechanism based on the detection results, resulting in a high degree of automation, improved production efficiency, and effective improvement of product quality. Attached Figure Description

[0023] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the optical path coupling system in one embodiment of the present invention;

[0024] Figure 2 This is an image information diagram obtained by the information acquisition mechanism of the present invention;

[0025] Figure 3 for Figure 2 Dimensional information diagram of the micro-groove;

[0026] Figure 4 This is a flowchart of the closed-loop control method for leather weakening processing based on an optical path coupling system according to the present invention.

[0027] The meanings of the numbers in the attached diagram are as follows:

[0028] 100-Optical path coupling system;

[0029] 10-Laser generating mechanism, 11-Laser, 12-Laser controller;

[0030] 20-Focusing mechanism, 21-Beam expander, 22-Reflector, 23-Dichroic mirror, 24-Galvanometer, 25-Field mirror;

[0031] 30-Scanning mechanism, 31-Scanning light source, 32-Isolator, 33-Collimator, 34-Fiber optic cable, 35-Beam splitter, 36-Scanning focusing lens, 37-Coupler;

[0032] 40 - Information acquisition mechanism; 41 - First focusing lens; 42 - Second focusing lens; 43 - Grating; 44 - Camera;

[0033] 50-Main Controller;

[0034] 200 - Leather. Detailed Implementation

[0035] To make the above-mentioned objects, features, and advantages of the present invention more apparent and understandable, specific embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Many specific details are set forth in the following description to provide a thorough understanding of the present invention. However, the present invention can be practiced in many other ways different from those described herein, and those skilled in the art can make similar modifications without departing from the spirit of the present invention. Therefore, the present invention is not limited to the specific embodiments disclosed below.

[0036] In the description of this invention, it should be understood that the terms "center," "longitudinal," "lateral," "length," "width," "thickness," "upper," "lower," "front," "rear," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "top," "bottom," "inner," "outer," "clockwise," "counterclockwise," "axial," "radial," and "circumferential" indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are used only for the convenience of describing this invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on this invention.

[0037] Furthermore, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one of that feature. In the description of this invention, "a plurality of" means at least two, such as two, three, etc., unless otherwise explicitly specified.

[0038] In this invention, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "installation," "connection," "linking," and "fixing," etc., should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral part; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; they can refer to the internal communication of two components or the interaction between two components, unless otherwise explicitly limited. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this invention according to the specific circumstances.

[0039] In this invention, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, "above" or "below" the second feature can mean that the first feature is in direct contact with the second feature, or that the first feature is in indirect contact with the second feature through an intermediate medium. Furthermore, "above," "over," and "on top" of the second feature can mean that the first feature is directly above or diagonally above the second feature, or simply that the first feature is at a higher horizontal level than the second feature. "Below," "below," and "under" the second feature can mean that the first feature is directly below or diagonally below the second feature, or simply that the first feature is at a lower horizontal level than the second feature.

[0040] It should be noted that when an element is referred to as being "fixed to" or "set on" another element, it can be directly on the other element or there may be an intervening element. When an element is considered to be "connected to" another element, it can be directly connected to the other element or there may be an intervening element. The terms "vertical," "horizontal," "upper," "lower," "left," "right," and similar expressions used herein are for illustrative purposes only and do not represent the only possible implementation.

[0041] Please see Figure 1 The optical path coupling system 100 of one embodiment of the present invention includes a laser generating mechanism 10, a focusing mechanism 20, a scanning mechanism 30, an information acquisition mechanism 40, and a main controller 50.

[0042] Please see Figure 1 A laser generating mechanism 10 is used to emit a processing laser beam; the laser generating mechanism 10 includes a laser 11 and a laser controller 12, the laser controller 12 controls the start and stop of the laser 11; the laser 11 is a picosecond laser, the wavelength of the processing laser beam emitted by the laser 11 is 355 nm, and the power of the laser 11 is 30W.

[0043] Please see Figure 1 The focusing mechanism 20 is used to focus the processing laser beam emitted by the laser generating mechanism 10 and apply it to the surface of the leather 200 to process microgrooves;

[0044] Please see Figure 1 The focusing mechanism 20 includes a beam expander 21, a reflector 22, a dichroic mirror 23, a galvanometer 24, and a field mirror 25. The processing laser beam emitted by the laser 11 is collimated by the beam expander 21, then reflected by the reflector 22 and the dichroic mirror 23 into the galvanometer 24. The field mirror 25 focuses the collimated processing laser beam into the galvanometer 24 and applies it to the surface of the leather 200 to process microgrooves. The dichroic mirror 23 has a reflectivity greater than 90% for a 355 nm processing laser beam and a transmittance greater than 90% for an 840 nm light source laser beam. The galvanometer 24 is a 2D galvanometer 24, enabling the collimated processing laser beam to move in a 2D plane. The field mirror 25 is an achromatic telecentric field mirror 25, eliminating axial and transverse chromatic aberrations generated after focusing the 355 nm processing laser beam and the 840 nm light source laser beam, and achieving consistent and uniform light spot effect within the processing area.

[0045] Please see Figure 1 A scanning mechanism 30 is used to scan a workpiece. The scanning mechanism 30 includes a scanning light source 31, an isolator 32, a collimator 33, an optical fiber 34, a beam splitter 35, a scanning focusing lens 36, and a coupler 37. The scanning light source 31 emits a laser beam with a wavelength of 840 nm, has a power of 10 mW, a frame rate of 70 kHz, and an incident angle of 1°. The isolator 32 is located between the scanning light source 31 and the coupler 37, and the collimator 33 is located between the coupler 37 and the beam splitter 35. The isolator 32, the collimator 33, and the coupler 37 are connected by an optical fiber 34. The optical fiber 34 can achieve total internal reflection of the laser beam, while the isolator 32 enables unidirectional light transmission, preventing reflected light from entering the scanning light source 31. The collimator 33 has a focal length of 30 mm. The scanning focusing lens 36 and the galvanometer 24 are spaced apart in the horizontal direction.

[0046] Please see Figure 1 The laser beam emitted by the scanning light source 31 is collimated by the isolator 32, the optical fiber 34 and the collimator 33, and then split into a P beam and an S beam by the beam splitter prism 35. The P beam is transmitted through the dichroic mirror 23 and enters the galvanometer 24, and is then focused by the field mirror 25 onto the microgroove to perform multi-dimensional lateral scanning. The S beam is focused by the scanning focusing mirror 36 onto the surface of the leather 200 to perform multi-dimensional lateral scanning. After scanning, the P beam and the S beam return along the original path to the coupler 37 and are mixed to obtain the scanning beam.

[0047] Please see Figure 1An information acquisition mechanism 40 is used to perform linear optical information processing on the scanning beam and acquire it to generate image information. The information acquisition mechanism 40 includes a 4F optical mechanism and a camera 44. The 4F optical mechanism includes a first focusing lens 41, a second focusing lens 42, and a grating 43. After passing through the first focusing lens 41, the grating 43, and the second focusing lens 42, the scanning beam interferes with the surface of the camera 44, and is acquired by the camera 44 to generate image information. Figure 2 and Figure 3 The image information shown.

[0048] Please see Figure 1 The main controller 50 is used to control the start and stop of the laser generating mechanism 10 according to the acquired image information. The camera 44 is communicatively connected to the main controller 50, and the laser generating mechanism 10 is electrically connected to the main controller 50.

[0049] Please see Figure 4 A closed-loop control method for leather weakening processing based on the optical path coupling system described above includes the following steps:

[0050] S1. The processing laser beam emitted by the laser generating mechanism 10 is focused by the focusing mechanism 20 and acts on the surface of the leather 200 to process microgrooves;

[0051] Specifically, after being collimated by the beam expander 21, the processing laser beam is reflected by the reflector 22 and the dichroic mirror 23 and enters the galvanometer 24. The collimated processing laser beam entering the galvanometer 24 is focused by the field mirror 25 and applied to the surface of the leather 200 to process microgrooves.

[0052] S2. The laser beam emitted by the scanning light source 31 is split into a P beam and an S beam by the beam splitter prism 35. The P beam is focused by the focusing mechanism 20 and acts on the microgroove to perform multi-dimensional lateral scanning. The S beam is focused by the scanning focusing lens 36 and acts on the surface of the leather 200 to perform multi-dimensional lateral scanning.

[0053] Specifically, after the laser beam from the light source is collimated by the isolator 32, the optical fiber 34, and the collimator 33, it is split into a P-beam and an S-beam by the beam splitter prism 35. The P-beam is transmitted through the dichroic mirror 23 and enters the galvanometer 24. Then, it is focused by the field mirror 25 onto the microgroove to perform multi-dimensional lateral scanning. The S-beam is focused by the scanning focusing mirror 36 onto the surface of the leather 200 to perform multi-dimensional lateral scanning.

[0054] S3. The P-light and the S-light, after scanning, return to the coupler 37 and mix to obtain a scanning beam. The scanning beam is then captured by the camera 44 after passing through the 4F optical mechanism to generate image information.

[0055] Specifically, the scanning beam interferes with the surface of the camera 44 after passing through the first focusing lens 41, the grating 43 and the second focusing lens 42, and is acquired by the camera 44 to generate image information.

[0056] S4. The main controller 50 processes the image information and determines whether the width and depth of the currently processed microgroove meet the requirements. If yes, the main controller 50 controls the laser generating mechanism 10 to stop working; if not, the main controller 50 controls the laser generating mechanism 10 to continue working. This allows for the simultaneous processing and detection of microgrooves on the leather 200, with the main controller 50 controlling the laser generating mechanism 10's on / off state based on the detection results. This high degree of automation improves production efficiency and effectively enhances product quality.

[0057] The beneficial effects of the present invention are that, with the cooperation of the laser generating mechanism 10, the focusing mechanism 20, the scanning mechanism 30, the information acquisition mechanism 40 and the main controller 50, it is possible to process microgrooves on the leather 200 while also detecting the microgrooves. Furthermore, the main controller 50 controls the start and stop of the laser generating mechanism 10 according to the detection results, which has a high degree of automation, improves production efficiency, and can also effectively improve product quality.

[0058] The technical features of the above embodiments can be combined in any way. For the sake of brevity, not all possible combinations of the technical features in the above embodiments are described. However, as long as there is no contradiction in the combination of these technical features, they should be considered to be within the scope of this specification.

[0059] The embodiments described above are merely illustrative of several implementations of the present invention, and while the descriptions are relatively specific and detailed, they should not be construed as limiting the scope of the invention patent. It should be noted that those skilled in the art can make various modifications and improvements without departing from the concept of the present invention, and these all fall within the protection scope of the present invention. Therefore, the protection scope of this invention patent should be determined by the appended claims.

Claims

1. An optical path coupling system, characterized in that, include: A laser generating mechanism for emitting a processing laser beam, the laser generating mechanism including a laser; A focusing mechanism is used to focus the processing laser beam emitted by the laser generating mechanism and apply it to the leather surface to process microgrooves. The focusing mechanism includes a beam expander, a reflector, a dichroic mirror, a galvanometer, and a field mirror. The processing laser beam emitted by the laser is collimated by the beam expander, reflected by the reflector and the dichroic mirror, and enters the galvanometer. The field mirror focuses the collimated processing laser beam entering the galvanometer and applies it to the leather surface to process microgrooves. A scanning mechanism is used to scan a workpiece. The scanning mechanism includes a scanning light source, a beam splitter, a scanning focusing lens, and a coupler. The scanning focusing lens and the galvanometer are spaced apart in the horizontal direction. The laser beam emitted by the scanning light source is split into a P-beam and an S-beam by the beam splitter. The P-beam is transmitted through the dichroic mirror and enters the galvanometer. After being focused by the field mirror, it acts on the microgroove to perform multi-dimensional lateral scanning. The S-beam is focused by the scanning focusing lens to perform multi-dimensional lateral scanning on the leather surface. After scanning, the P-beam and the S-beam return along the original path to the coupler and are mixed to obtain the scanning beam. An information acquisition mechanism is used to perform linear optical information processing on the scanning beam and acquire it to generate image information. The information acquisition mechanism includes a 4F optical mechanism and a camera. The 4F optical mechanism includes a first focusing lens, a second focusing lens, and a grating. The scanning beam interferes with the surface of the camera after passing through the first focusing lens, the grating, and the second focusing lens, and is acquired by the camera to generate image information. as well as The main controller is used to control the start and stop of the laser generating mechanism based on image information. The camera is communicatively connected to the main controller, and the laser generating mechanism is electrically connected to the main controller.

2. The optical path coupling system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The laser generating mechanism also includes a laser controller, which controls the start and stop of the laser.

3. The optical path coupling system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The scanning mechanism further includes an isolator, a collimator, and an optical fiber. The isolator is located between the scanning light source and the coupler, and the collimator is located between the coupler and the beam splitter. The isolator, the collimator, and the coupler are connected by an optical fiber.

4. The optical path coupling system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The laser is a picosecond laser, the wavelength of the processing laser beam emitted by the laser is 355 nm, and the power of the laser is 30 W; the wavelength of the light source laser beam emitted by the scanning light source is 840 nm, the power of the scanning light source is 10 mW, the frame rate of the scanning light source is 70 kHz, and the incident angle of the scanning light source is 1°; the field lens is an achromatic telecentric field lens.

5. A closed-loop control method for leather weakening processing based on the optical path coupling system as described in any one of claims 1-4, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: S1. The processing laser beam emitted by the laser generating mechanism is focused by the focusing mechanism and acts on the leather surface to process microgrooves; S2. The laser beam emitted by the scanning light source is split into a P beam and an S beam by the beam splitter prism. The P beam is focused by the focusing mechanism and acts on the microgroove to perform multi-dimensional lateral scanning. The S beam is focused by the scanning focusing lens and acts on the leather surface to perform multi-dimensional lateral scanning. S3. The P-light and the S-light, after scanning, return to the coupler and mix to obtain a scanning beam. The scanning beam is then captured by the camera after passing through the 4F optical mechanism to generate image information. S4. The main controller processes the image information and determines whether the width and depth of the currently processed microgroove meet the requirements. If yes, the main controller controls the laser generating mechanism to stop working; if no, the main controller controls the laser generating mechanism to continue working.

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