All-round anti-limit load limiting device for key system of ship and assembling method thereof

Abstract

The application discloses a kind of all-around anti-limit load limiting device of ship key system and assembly method, wherein limiting device includes mandrel assembly, outer sleeve and base, outer sleeve is set on base to form shell, mandrel assembly is inserted into outer sleeve and there is clearance between mandrel assembly and shell in vertical and radial direction, mandrel assembly includes mandrel, upper mounting plate, limiting column and elastomer arranged on limiting column around, mandrel, upper mounting plate and limiting column are integrated structure, and outer sleeve is split structure;Base includes base plate and barrel;Limiting column is located in the inner cavity of split structure outer sleeve, one end of mandrel passes through split structure outer sleeve and is exposed to split structure outer sleeve, and upper mounting plate is arranged on the one end of mandrel exposed to split structure outer sleeve;After split structure outer sleeve is interference fitted in the barrel of base, connecting piece is used to pass through base plate and be screwed into the bottom of split structure outer sleeve, so that base plate and split structure outer sleeve are connected together.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The application relates to a limiting device and an assembling method thereof, in particular to a full-directional extreme load limiting device for a key system of a ship and an assembling method thereof, and belongs to the technical field of vibration reduction and safety control. BACKGROUND

[0002] During the navigation of a ship, the ship is prone to suffer from extreme loads due to various severe weather or other factors. The extreme loads (i.e. impact loads) have characteristics such as multi-directionality, instantaneity and unpredictability, which can easily cause serious damage to the key systems inside the ship, leading to the inability of the ship to navigate normally and even endangering the safety of the crew. Therefore, it is crucial to take extreme load limiting measures for the key systems of the ship.

[0003] The application of low-frequency large-load vibration isolators is to cope with various vibration and impact problems encountered by ships during navigation. Such vibration isolators have the characteristics of providing large damping and high load capacity in the low-frequency band, which can effectively isolate and reduce the vibration transmission from the power system such as the engine and propeller, protecting the precision equipment and pipeline system on the ship. However, when the low-frequency large-load vibration isolator is subjected to strong impact, it may produce a large displacement. If this displacement is not effectively controlled, it may cause damage to the components such as pipelines connected to the ship structure. Therefore, the use of a limiting device becomes particularly critical. The main function of the limiting device is to provide necessary resistance or support when the displacement of the vibration isolator exceeds a certain range, limiting its further movement, thereby protecting the safety of the ship structure and equipment.

[0004] Compared with traditional contact-type limiting devices, non-contact limiting devices have the advantage of not interfering with the normal operation of the vibration isolator. This design not only ensures that the vibration isolation effect of the vibration isolator in the normal working state is not affected, but also effectively limits the displacement of the raft when impact occurs, achieving dual control of vibration and impact.

[0005] A variable stiffness non-contact limiter for a ship is disclosed in Chinese patent application CN116412228A published on July 11, 2023, which includes an upper mounting plate, an inner core assembly, an outer shell, and a bottom plate. The bottom of the outer shell is fixedly connected to the bottom plate to form a mounting shell, and the mounting shell contains the inner core assembly. The inner core assembly and the inner wall of the mounting shell have a gap in the vertical and radial directions, forming a non-contact connection structure. When used with a vibration isolator, it does not affect the normal working state of the vibration isolator.

[0006] Please refer to paragraph

[0027] and the accompanying Figure 1 , 3According to the description in the patent document, the inner core assembly is T-shaped, one end of which is connected to the upper mounting plate by screws. After assembly, the T-shaped inner core assembly is located inside the outer shell, and the bottom plate is connected to the outer shell by screws.

[0007] The limiter in this patent document has the following problems:

[0008] 1. In order to facilitate the installation of the T-shaped inner core assembly into the interior of the shell, the T-shaped inner core assembly and the upper mounting plate are detachable structures. During installation, first place the T-shaped inner core assembly into the shell so that one end of the T-shaped inner core assembly extends out of the shell, and then connect the upper mounting plate to the end of the T-shaped inner core assembly extending out of the shell with screws. However, if the T-shaped inner core assembly and the upper mounting plate are connected by screws, when the limiter is subjected to a vertical upward tensile force, the T-shaped inner core assembly will move upward relative to the shell, and the other end of the T-shaped inner core assembly will contact the shell for vertical tensile limitation. At this time, the screw may break due to the huge upward tensile force, thereby causing damage to the limiter;

[0009] 2. Since the base plate is connected to the outer shell by screws, when the limiter is subjected to a vertical upward tensile force, the T-shaped inner core assembly will move upward relative to the outer shell, and the other end of the T-shaped inner core assembly will contact the outer shell for vertical tensile limit. Driven by the upward tensile force, the outer shell will also tend to move upward. At this time, since the base plate is stationary, the screws connecting the base plate and the outer shell will also be subjected to an upward tensile force. Therefore, the screws may break and fail, thereby causing damage to the limiter.

[0010] In summary, how to design a limit device so that when performing vertical tensile limiting, it can avoid failure problems such as breakage of the connectors between components, thereby ensuring that the limit device can function normally during operation and thus protecting the safety of the ship's key systems is a technical problem that needs to be solved urgently. Summary of the Invention

[0011] The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to address the defects existing in the prior art and provide an all-round anti-extreme load limit device for the key systems of the ship. When performing vertical tensile limiting, the device can avoid failure problems such as breakage of the connecting parts between components, thereby ensuring that the limit device can function normally during operation, thereby protecting the safety of the key systems of the ship.

[0012] In order to solve the above technical problems, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is: an all-round anti-limit load limiting device for a key system of a ship, comprising a core shaft assembly, a sleeve and a base, the sleeve being arranged on the base to form a shell, the core shaft assembly extending into the sleeve and there being a gap between the core shaft assembly and the shell in the vertical and radial directions to form a non-contact connection structure, the core shaft assembly comprising a core shaft, an upper mounting plate arranged on one end of the core shaft, a limiting column arranged on the other end of the core shaft and an elastomer arranged around the limiting column, the core shaft, the upper mounting plate and the limiting The positioning column is an integral structure, and the outer sleeve is a split structure, which is surrounded by multiple split outer sleeves; the base includes a base plate and a cylinder arranged on the base plate; the limiting column is located in the inner cavity of the split structure outer sleeve, one end of the core shaft passes through the split structure outer sleeve and is exposed from the split structure outer sleeve, and the upper mounting plate is arranged on one end of the core shaft exposed from the split structure outer sleeve; after the split structure outer sleeve is interference-fitted in the cylinder of the base, a connecting piece is used to pass through the base plate and be screwed into the bottom of the split structure outer sleeve, thereby connecting the base plate and the split structure outer sleeve together.

[0013] Preferably, the split sleeve is arranged in an inverted L shape, and the vertical gap between the core shaft assembly and the shell includes a gap H1 between the elastomer wrapped around the upper surface of the limiting column and the inner top surface of the split sleeve, a gap H2 between the elastomer wrapped around the lower surface of the limiting column and the top surface of the base plate, and a gap H3 between the bottom surface of the upper mounting plate and the outer top surface of the split sleeve, wherein the gap H3 is greater than the gap H2.

[0014] Preferably, a protruding limiting block is further provided on the upper surface of the limiting column, and the distance between the inner top surface of the split housing and the limiting block is set to a gap four H4, and the gap four H4>the gap one H1.

[0015] Preferably, after a plurality of inverted L-shaped split outer sleeves are enclosed to form an outer sleeve, an outer sleeve through hole is formed at the middle position of the top surface of the outer sleeve, and the core shaft passes through the outer sleeve through hole. The radial gap between the core shaft assembly and the shell includes a gap H5 between the elastomer wrapped around the side circumference of the limiting cylinder and the inner circumference of the split outer sleeve and a gap H6 between the inner circumference of the outer sleeve through hole and the outer circumference of the core shaft, and the gap H6>the gap H5.

[0016] Preferably, the limiting column is an inverted cone, and its side surface is an inclined conical surface. The elastomer wrapped around the side surface of the limiting column is also inclined. The inner side surface of the split jacket is also arranged as an inclined surface. The elastomer wrapped around the side surface of the limiting column and the inner side surface of the split jacket are parallel to each other.

[0017] The application also discloses an assembling method of the all-directional extreme load limiting device.

[0018] Preferably, the split type sleeve is arranged in an inverted L shape, and the gap between the shaft assembly and the shell in the vertical direction comprises a first gap H1 between the elastic body wrapped on the upper surface of the limiting column and the inner top surface of the split type sleeve, a second gap H2 between the elastic body wrapped on the lower surface of the limiting column and the top surface of the base plate, and a third gap H3 between the bottom surface of the upper mounting plate and the outer top surface of the split type sleeve, wherein the third gap H3 is greater than the second gap H2.

[0019] When a vertical downward compression force is applied, the shaft assembly moves downward relative to the sleeve, and in the process of moving downward, the elastic body wrapped on the lower surface of the limiting column first elastically buffers the top surface of the base plate, and then in the process of continuing to move downward, the third gap H3 between the bottom surface of the upper mounting plate and the outer top surface of the split type sleeve is used to form a vertical downward limiting structure through rigid contact.

[0020] Preferably, a protruding limiting block is arranged on the upper surface of the limiting column, and the distance between the inner top surface of the split type sleeve and the limiting block is a fourth gap H4, wherein the fourth gap H4 is greater than the first gap H1.

[0021] When a vertical upward tension force is applied, the shaft assembly moves upward relative to the sleeve, and in the process of moving upward, the elastic body wrapped on the upper surface of the limiting column first elastically buffers the inner top surface of the split type sleeve, and then in the process of continuing to move upward, the fourth gap H4 between the inner top surface of the split type sleeve and the top surface of the limiting block is used to form a vertical upward limiting structure through rigid contact.

[0022] Preferably, a plurality of split type sleeves in an inverted L shape are arranged to form a sleeve, a sleeve through hole is formed at the middle position of the top surface of the sleeve, the shaft passes through the sleeve through hole, and the gap between the shaft assembly and the shell in the radial direction comprises a fifth gap H5 between the elastic body wrapped on the side surface of the limiting column and the inner side surface of the split type sleeve, and a sixth gap H6 between the inner side surface of the sleeve through hole and the outer side surface of the shaft, wherein the sixth gap H6 is greater than the fifth gap H5.

[0023] When subjected to radial force, the core shaft assembly moves radially relative to the outer sleeve. During the radial movement, the elastomer wrapped around the side circumference of the limiting column and the inner circumference of the split outer sleeve first make elastic buffering contact. Then, during the continued radial movement, the inner circumference of the through hole of the outer sleeve and the outer circumference of the core shaft make rigid contact to form a radial limiting structure.

[0024] The beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: the present invention designs the core shaft assembly consisting of the core shaft, the upper mounting plate and the limiting column into an integrated structure, and its components do not need to be connected by screws as in the prior art. When subjected to vertical upward tensile force, the core shaft assembly with an integrated structure can withstand a greater force; however, after the core shaft assembly is designed as an integrated structure, its cross-section forms an I-shaped shape with large ends and a small middle, and it cannot be placed in an integral shell like in the prior art during assembly. Therefore, the present invention designs the outer shell into a split structure to facilitate the assembly of the core shaft assembly with an integrated structure; in addition, the split structure outer shell is assembled to the base by interference force In this way, in addition to the connection structure formed by bolts and other connectors, the connection structure between the outer shell and the base also has an interference connection structure between the outer shell and the base. When subjected to a vertical upward tensile force, the connection structure formed by bolts and other connectors and the interference connection structure between the outer shell and the base jointly withstand the upward tensile force. Therefore, through the joint improvements in the above aspects, the tensile strength of the limit device in the present invention is greatly increased. When performing vertical tensile limiting, failure problems such as breakage of the connectors between the components can be avoided, thereby ensuring that the limit device can function normally during operation, thereby protecting the safety of the key systems of the ship. When performing vertical tensile limiting, the limit block is used to make rigid contact with the split outer shell, thereby avoiding the elastomer wrapped around the upper surface of the limit column from being crushed during further movement, thereby increasing the service life of the limit device. Through structural design, the present invention can first perform elastic buffer contact in the vertical and radial directions, and then perform rigid limiting, thereby better protecting the key systems of the ship. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0025] Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of the axial cross-sectional structure of the limiting device in an embodiment of the present invention when not working;

[0026] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the axial cross-sectional structure of the limiting device before assembly in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0027] Figure 3 Schematic diagram of the axial cross-sectional structure of the core shaft assembly in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0028] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the axial cross-sectional structure of the assembled limiting device in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0029] In the figure: 1. core shaft assembly, 111. core shaft, 112. upper mounting plate, 113. limiting column, 114. elastomer, 2. outer jacket, 211. split outer jacket, 212. outer jacket through hole, 3. base, 311. base plate, 312. cylinder, 4. key ship system, 5. component below the hull, 6. upper connecting piece, 7. lower connecting piece, 8. connecting piece, 9. limiting block. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0030] The technical solution of the present invention is further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0031] Example: Figures 1 to 3 As shown, the height direction of the limit device is set to the vertical direction (Z direction), and the horizontal direction perpendicular to the vertical direction (Z direction) is set to the radial direction (X direction). A omnidirectional anti-limit load limit device for a critical ship system includes a core shaft assembly 1, an outer sleeve 2, and a base 3. The core shaft assembly 1 is connected to the critical ship system 4 to be protected. The outer sleeve 2 and the base 3 are connected to form a shell. The base 3 is connected to a lower hull member 5. The core shaft assembly 1 extends into the outer sleeve 2, and there is a gap between the core shaft assembly 1 and the shell in the vertical and radial directions, forming a non-contact connection structure.

[0032] The core shaft assembly 1 includes a core shaft 111, an upper mounting plate 112 arranged on one end of the core shaft 111, a limiting column 113 arranged on the other end of the core shaft 111, and an elastomer 114, such as rubber, arranged around the limiting column 113. The core shaft 111, the upper mounting plate 112 and the limiting column 113 are an integral structure, and the axial cross-section of the core shaft assembly 1 is an I-shaped structure. The outer sleeve 2 is a split structure, which is surrounded by a plurality of split outer sleeves 211. The base 3 includes a base plate 311 and a cylinder 312 arranged on the base plate 311. After assembly, the limiting column 113 and the elastomer 114 are located in the inner cavity of the split structure outer sleeve 2, one end of the core shaft 111 passes through the split structure outer sleeve 2 and is exposed to the split structure outer sleeve 2, and the upper mounting plate 112 is arranged on one end of the core shaft 111 exposed to the split structure outer sleeve 2. After the split-structure outer shell 2 is interference-fitted into the cylindrical body 312 of the base 3, bolts or other connectors 8 are screwed through the base plate 311 and into the bottom of the split-structure outer shell 2, thereby connecting the base plate 311 and the split-structure outer shell 2. The upper mounting plate 112 is connected to the bottom of the critical ship system 4 to be protected via the upper connector 6. The base plate 311 is mounted on the lower hull member 5 via the lower connector 7, thereby limiting and protecting the critical ship system 4 through the limit device.

[0033] In the above scheme, the core shaft assembly consisting of the core shaft, the upper mounting plate and the limiting column is designed to be an integrated structure, and its components do not need to be connected by screws as in the prior art. When subjected to vertical upward tensile force, the core shaft assembly with an integrated structure can withstand a greater force; however, after the core shaft assembly is designed as an integrated structure, its cross-section forms an I-shaped shape with large ends and a small middle, and it cannot be placed in an integral shell like in the prior art during assembly. Therefore, this embodiment designs the outer shell into a split structure to facilitate the assembly of the core shaft assembly with an integrated structure; in addition, the split structure outer shell is assembled to the base by interference force, which In addition to the connection structure formed by bolts and other connecting parts, the connection structure between the outer shell and the base also has an interference connection structure between the outer shell and the base. When subjected to vertical upward tensile force, the connection structure formed by bolts and other connecting parts and the interference connection structure between the outer shell and the base jointly withstand the upward tensile force. Therefore, through the joint improvements in the above aspects, the tensile strength of the limiting device in this embodiment is greatly increased. When performing vertical tensile limiting, failure problems such as breakage of the connecting parts between the components can be avoided, thereby ensuring that the limiting device can function normally during operation, thereby protecting the safety of the ship's key systems.

[0034] The assembly method of this embodiment is as follows: first, the split structure jacket 2 is enclosed on the outside of the core shaft assembly 1, so that the limiting column 113 is located inside the split structure jacket 2, and the upper mounting plate 112 is located outside the split structure jacket 2, and then the split structure jacket 2 with the core shaft assembly 1 is interference fit into the cylinder 312 of the base 3, and then the base plate 311 and the split structure jacket 2 are connected together by connecting parts 8 such as bolts.

[0035] like Figure 2 and Figure 4 As shown, the axial cross-section of the split outer sleeve 211 is set to an inverted L shape, and the vertical gap between the core shaft assembly 1 and the outer sleeve 2 includes a gap H1 between the elastic body 114 wrapped on the upper surface of the limiting column 113 and the inner top surface of the split outer sleeve 211, a gap H2 between the elastic body 114 wrapped on the lower surface of the limiting column 113 and the top surface of the base plate 311, and a gap H3 between the bottom surface of the upper mounting plate 112 and the outer top surface of the split outer sleeve 211, wherein the gap Three H3>Gap two H2; when subjected to a vertical downward compressive force, the core shaft assembly 1 moves downward relative to the outer sleeve 2. During the downward movement, since the gap three H3>Gap two H2, the elastomer 114 wrapped around the lower surface of the limiting column 113 and the top surface of the base plate 311 first make elastic buffering contact, and then in the process of continuing to move downward, the bottom surface of the upper mounting plate 112 and the outer top surface of the split outer sleeve 211 make rigid contact to form a vertical downward limiting structure.

[0036] like Figure 3 and Figure 4 As shown, a protruding limiting block 9 is also provided on the upper surface of the limiting column 113, and the distance between the inner top surface of the split outer sleeve 211 and the limiting block 9 is set to a gap four H4, then the gap four H4> the gap one H1; when subjected to a vertical upward tensile force, the core shaft assembly 1 moves upward relative to the outer sleeve 2. During the upward movement, since the gap four H4> the gap one H1, the elastomer 114 wrapped around the upper surface of the limiting column 113 and the inner top surface of the split outer sleeve 211 first make elastic buffer contact, and then in the process of continuing to move upward, the inner top surface of the split outer sleeve 211 and the top surface of the limiting block 9 make rigid contact to form a vertical upward limiting structure. This design utilizes the limiting block to make rigid contact with the split outer sleeve, thereby avoiding the elastomer wrapped around the upper surface of the limiting column from being crushed during further movement, thereby increasing the service life of the limiting device.

[0037] After a plurality of inverted L-shaped split outer sleeves 211 are enclosed to form an outer sleeve 2, an outer sleeve through hole 212 is formed at the middle position of the top surface of the outer sleeve 2, and the core shaft 111 passes through the outer sleeve through hole 212. The radial gap between the core shaft assembly 1 and the outer sleeve 2 includes a gap H5 between the elastic body 114 wrapped around the side surface of the limiting column 113 and the inner peripheral surface of the split outer sleeve 211 and a gap H6 between the inner peripheral surface of the outer sleeve through hole 212 and the outer peripheral surface of the core shaft 111. The gap H6 is H6>gap five H5; when subjected to radial force, the core shaft assembly 1 moves radially relative to the outer sleeve 2. During the radial movement, since the gap six H6>gap five H5, the elastomer 114 wrapped around the side circumference of the limiting column 113 and the inner circumference of the split outer sleeve 211 first make elastic buffering contact, and then in the process of continuing radial movement, the inner circumference of the outer sleeve through hole 212 and the outer circumference of the core shaft 111 make rigid contact to form a radial limiting structure.

[0038] Through the above structural design, this embodiment can first perform elastic buffering contact in the vertical and radial directions, and then perform rigid limiting, so as to better protect the key systems of the ship.

[0039] The elastic body 114 wrapped around the side surface of the limiting cylinder 113 is arranged parallel to the inner surface of the split outer shell 211. In this embodiment, the limiting cylinder 113 is configured as an inverted cone with the large end at the top and the small end at the bottom, and its side surface is an inclined cone. Therefore, the elastic body 114 wrapped around the side surface of the limiting cylinder 113 is also arranged at an angle. To ensure that the inner surface of the split outer shell 211 is parallel to it, the inner surface of the split outer shell 211 is also configured as an inclined surface. The gaps 1 H1, 2 H2, and 5 H5 refer to the distances between the outer surface of the elastic body 114 wrapped around the inverted cone limiting cylinder 113 and the inner surface of the shell. This distance is the working gap H of the vibration isolator, which is the normal operating range of the vibration isolator. The working gap H of the vibration isolator can be adjusted according to actual working conditions. When the critical system of the ship is subjected to an extreme load, the critical system moves relative to the components below the hull within the range of the working gap H of the vibration isolator, and the core shaft assembly 1 follows the critical system to move relative to the outer sleeve 2 within the range of the working gap H of the vibration isolator. At this time, the vibration isolator plays a role in isolating and protecting the critical system of the ship, while the core shaft assembly 1 is not in contact with the outer sleeve 2 and therefore does not work; when the extreme load is too large, so that the movement range of the critical system of the ship relative to the components below the hull exceeds the range of the working gap H of the vibration isolator, at this time, the core shaft assembly 1 and the outer sleeve 2 begin to contact and perform limiting work, providing necessary resistance or support, and limiting its further movement, thereby protecting the safety of the critical system of the ship.

[0040] In summary, the present invention designs the core shaft assembly consisting of the core shaft, the upper mounting plate and the limiting column into an integrated structure. There is no need for screws to connect the components as in the prior art. When subjected to vertical upward tensile force, the core shaft assembly with an integrated structure can withstand a greater force. However, after the core shaft assembly is designed as an integrated structure, its cross section forms an I-shaped shape with large ends and a small middle. During assembly, it cannot be placed in an integral shell like in the prior art. Therefore, the present invention designs the outer shell into a split structure to facilitate the assembly of the core shaft assembly with an integrated structure. In addition, the split structure outer shell is assembled to the base by interference force. In addition to the connection structure formed by bolts and other connectors, the connection structure between the outer shell and the base also includes an interference connection structure between the outer shell and the base. When subjected to a vertical upward tensile force, the connection structure formed by bolts and other connectors and the interference connection structure between the outer shell and the base jointly withstand the upward tensile force. Therefore, through the joint improvements in the above aspects, the tensile strength of the limit device in the present invention is greatly increased. When performing vertical tensile limiting, failure problems such as breakage of the connectors between the components can be avoided, thereby ensuring that the limit device can function normally during operation, thereby protecting the safety of the key systems of the ship. When performing vertical tensile limiting, the limit block is used to make rigid contact with the split outer shell, thereby avoiding the elastomer wrapped around the upper surface of the limit column from being crushed during further movement, thereby increasing the service life of the limit device. Through structural design, the present invention can first perform elastic buffer contact in the vertical and radial directions, and then perform rigid limiting, thereby better protecting the key systems of the ship.

[0041] The term "plurality" in this embodiment refers to "two or more." The above embodiments are intended to illustrate the present invention only and are not intended to limit the present invention. Persons skilled in the art may make various modifications or alterations without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention. Therefore, all equivalent technical solutions are intended to fall within the scope of protection of the present invention, which is defined by the claims.

Claims

1. A omnidirectional anti-limit load limit device for a critical system of a ship, comprising a core shaft assembly, an outer sleeve, and a base, wherein the outer sleeve is disposed on the base to form a housing, the core shaft assembly extends into the outer sleeve, and gaps are provided between the core shaft assembly and the housing in vertical and radial directions, forming a non-contact connection structure. The core shaft assembly comprises a core shaft, an upper mounting plate disposed on one end of the core shaft, a limit column disposed on the other end of the core shaft, and an elastic body disposed around the limit column, characterized in that: The core shaft, the upper mounting plate and the limiting column are an integrated structure, and the outer sleeve is a split structure, which is enclosed by a plurality of split outer sleeves; the base includes a base plate and a cylinder provided on the base plate; the limiting column is located in the inner cavity of the split structure outer sleeve, one end of the core shaft passes through the split structure outer sleeve and is exposed from the split structure outer sleeve, and the upper mounting plate is provided on one end of the core shaft exposed from the split structure outer sleeve; After the split structure outer shell is interference-fitted into the cylinder of the base, a connecting piece is used to pass through the base plate and be screwed into the bottom of the split structure outer shell, thereby connecting the base plate and the split structure outer shell together; The split housing is configured in an inverted L-shape, and the vertical gap between the core shaft assembly and the housing includes a gap H1 between the elastic body wrapped around the upper surface of the limiting cylinder and the inner top surface of the split housing, a gap H2 between the elastic body wrapped around the lower surface of the limiting cylinder and the top surface of the base plate, and a gap H3 between the bottom surface of the upper mounting plate and the outer top surface of the split housing, wherein the gap H3 is greater than the gap H2. A protruding limiting block is further provided on the upper surface of the limiting column. The distance between the inner top surface of the split housing and the limiting block is set to a gap of four H4, and the gap of four H4>the gap of one H1.

2. The all-round anti-limit load limiting device according to claim 1, characterized in that: After a plurality of inverted L-shaped split sleeves are enclosed to form a sleeve, a sleeve through hole is formed at the middle position of the top surface of the sleeve, and the core shaft passes through the sleeve through hole. The radial gap between the core shaft assembly and the shell includes a gap H5 between the elastomer wrapped around the side circumference of the limiting cylinder and the inner circumference of the split sleeve, and a gap H6 between the inner circumference of the sleeve through hole and the outer circumference of the core shaft, and the gap H6>the gap H5.

3. The all-round anti-limit load limiting device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The limiting column is an inverted cone, and its side surface is an inclined cone surface. The elastomer wrapped around the side surface of the limiting column is also inclined. The inner surface of the split outer sleeve is also arranged as an inclined surface. The elastomer wrapped around the side surface of the limiting column and the inner surface of the split outer sleeve are parallel to each other.

4. A method for assembling the omnidirectional anti-limit load limiter according to any one of claims 1, 2 or 3, characterized in that: The split structure outer sleeve is first enclosed on the outside of the core shaft assembly, so that the limiting column is located inside the split structure outer sleeve and the upper mounting plate is located outside the split structure outer sleeve. Then the split structure outer sleeve with the core shaft assembly is interference fit into the cylinder of the base, and then the base plate and the split structure outer sleeve are connected together through a connecting piece.

5. The assembly method according to claim 4, wherein: The split housing is configured in an inverted L-shape, and the vertical gap between the core shaft assembly and the housing includes a gap H1 between the elastic body wrapped around the upper surface of the limiting cylinder and the inner top surface of the split housing, a gap H2 between the elastic body wrapped around the lower surface of the limiting cylinder and the top surface of the base plate, and a gap H3 between the bottom surface of the upper mounting plate and the outer top surface of the split housing, wherein the gap H3 is greater than the gap H2. When subjected to a vertical downward compressive force, the core shaft assembly moves downward relative to the outer sleeve. During the downward movement, the elastomer wrapped around the lower surface of the limiting column first makes elastic buffering contact with the top surface of the base plate. Then, as the downward movement continues, a vertical downward limiting structure is formed by making rigid contact between the bottom surface of the upper mounting plate and the outer top surface of the split outer sleeve.

6. The assembly method according to claim 5, wherein: A protruding limiting block is further provided on the upper surface of the limiting column. The distance between the inner top surface of the split housing and the limiting block is set to be a gap of four H4, and the gap of four H4> the gap of one H1; When subjected to a vertical upward tensile force, the core shaft assembly moves upward relative to the outer sleeve. During the upward movement, the elastomer wrapped around the upper surface of the limiting column first makes elastic buffering contact with the inner top surface of the split outer sleeve. Then, during the continued upward movement, a vertical upward limiting structure is formed by making rigid contact between the inner top surface of the split outer sleeve and the top surface of the limiting block.

7. The assembly method according to claim 6, wherein: After a plurality of inverted L-shaped split outer sleeves are enclosed to form an outer sleeve, an outer sleeve through-hole is formed in the middle of the top surface of the outer sleeve, and the core shaft passes through the outer sleeve through-hole. The radial gap between the core shaft assembly and the housing includes a gap H5 between the elastic body wrapped around the side circumference of the limiting cylinder and the inner circumference of the split outer sleeve, and a gap H6 between the inner circumference of the outer sleeve through-hole and the outer circumference of the core shaft, wherein the gap H6>the gap H5; When subjected to radial force, the core shaft assembly moves radially relative to the outer sleeve. During the radial movement, the elastomer wrapped around the side circumference of the limiting column and the inner circumference of the split outer sleeve first make elastic buffering contact. Then, during the continued radial movement, the inner circumference of the through hole of the outer sleeve and the outer circumference of the core shaft make rigid contact to form a radial limiting structure.

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