A new type of high-efficiency soil conditioner and its preparation method and application

Abstract

The invention discloses a novel high-efficiency soil conditioner and its preparation method and application, and belongs to the technical field of soil improvement. The invention is used to solve the problem that the ability of soil conditioners used in saline-alkali land to reduce salt needs to be improved and the efficiency is low in the prior art; wherein the novel high-efficiency soil conditioner is obtained by uniformly mixing octasulfide, humic acid, montmorillonite, potassium sulfate, magnesium sugar alcohol and additives; wherein the preparation method of the additive comprises adding modified polyacrylic acid and modified apatite to acetone, reacting to obtain quaternary ammonium salt grafted apatite; adding bamboo powder to ionic liquid BMIMCl, adding chloroacetyl chloride, stirring, mixing, and obtaining intermediate I; in a nitrogen atmosphere, mixing intermediate I, quaternary ammonium salt grafted apatite and a catalyst, and reacting to obtain the additive under room temperature. The soil conditioner prepared by the present invention can improve soil quality, improve soil structure, enhance soil nutrient retention capacity and promote plant growth, and increase economic value.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of soil improvement, and in particular to a novel high-efficiency soil improver and a preparation method and application thereof. Background Art

[0002] At present, the area of ​​saline-alkali soil in my country is increasing, which is not conducive to my country's agricultural development and ecological environment. Among them, saline-alkali soil is a general term for various types of salinized soil and alkaline soil. Saline-alkali soil has caused serious damage to forests and grasslands, reducing their area; the ability of forests to absorb carbon dioxide has decreased, exacerbating global warming, and global warming will cause glaciers to melt, leading to higher groundwater levels, thereby causing secondary salinization of the soil. People already know that higher concentrations of inorganic salts and ions will destroy the soil structure, and some even cannot grow crops, causing direct economic losses. Improving saline-alkali land to make it suitable for crop growth is a prerequisite for ensuring stable and high yields of crops.

[0003] Soil conditioners perform well in improving soil structure and improving soil moisture, nutrients and gas retention. They include inorganic conditioners, organic conditioners and biological conditioners. By adding materials such as gypsum, fly ash, citric acid, black alum and phosphogypsum, the physical and chemical properties of the soil change, the acidity increases, and the pH of saline-alkali land is reduced. Some acidic salt substances can also be used to improve saline-alkali land, reduce the pH of the soil, increase the cation exchange capacity of the soil, reduce the salt content of the soil, enhance the activity of microorganisms and enzymes in the soil, and promote the growth of plant roots. Improve the physical properties of the soil, increase the soil aggregate structure, coordinate soil water, fertilizer, gas and heat, and increase soil fertility. Biological measures can gradually change the physical properties of the soil, change the soil structure, make the texture loose, and enhance the air permeability and water storage capacity. People often use organic fertilizers and peat soil as soil conditioners to directly apply to improve soil fertility, but they have weak water retention capacity and do not have good durability, which is not conducive to the growth of plants in the later stage.

[0004] Chinese patent CN113429977B discloses a saline-alkali soil conditioner, wherein the saline-alkali soil conditioner is mixed with biological activated carbon, humic acid, organic base material, diatomaceous earth, active acid and microbial flora in a mass ratio of (30-60): (20-40): (20-50): (10-20): (5-10): (3-5). This patent combines chemical control with biotechnology to effectively regulate the physical and chemical properties of the soil, improve and enhance the soil biological microenvironment, so that the crop quality after the soil is regulated is improved and the disease resistance is enhanced. However, after the soil conditioner provided by this patent is used for saline-alkali land improvement, the salt reduction ratio is only 37.6%, and the salt reduction capacity needs to be further improved. Summary of the invention

[0005] In order to solve the above technical problems, the present invention provides a new type of high-efficiency soil conditioner and its preparation method and application, which solves the problems in the prior art that the ability of soil conditioners to reduce salt in saline-alkali land needs to be improved and the efficiency is low.

[0006] In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides a method for preparing a novel high-efficiency soil conditioner, comprising the following steps:

[0007] The octasulfide, humic acid, montmorillonite, potassium sulfate, magnesium sugar alcohol and additives are uniformly mixed to obtain a new type of high-efficiency soil conditioner;

[0008] The preparation method of the additive comprises the following steps:

[0009] Step (1) mixing N,N-dimethylformamide, nano-hydroxyapatite and o-bromobenzoic acid, heating, reacting, filtering, washing and drying after the reaction is completed to obtain modified apatite;

[0010] Step (2) adding polyacrylic acid and 5-diethylamino-2-hydroxy-benzaldehyde to acetone, stirring, heating, reacting, filtering, washing, and drying after the reaction is completed to obtain modified polyacrylic acid;

[0011] Step (3) adding modified polyacrylic acid and modified apatite into acetone, stirring, heating, reacting, filtering, washing, and drying after the reaction is completed to obtain quaternary ammonium salt grafted apatite;

[0012] Step (4) adding bamboo powder to ionic liquid BMIMCl, adding chloroacetyl chloride, stirring and mixing to obtain intermediate I;

[0013] In a nitrogen atmosphere, the intermediate I, the quaternary ammonium salt grafted apatite and the catalyst are mixed and reacted at room temperature. After the reaction is completed, the mixture is filtered, washed and dried to obtain an additive.

[0014] Preferably, the mass ratio of octasulfide, humic acid, montmorillonite, potassium sulfate, magnesium sugar alcohol and additives is (4-8):(0.2-0.6):(40-60):(8-16):(5-9):(30-50).

[0015] Preferably, in step (1), the mass ratio of N,N-dimethylformamide, nano-hydroxyapatite and o-bromobenzoic acid is (2000-4000):(50-100):(40-60); the reaction temperature is 60-80°C, and the reaction time is 8-10h.

[0016] Preferably, in step (2), the mass ratio of polyacrylic acid, 5-diethylamino-2-hydroxy-benzaldehyde and acetone is (3000-5000):(500-700):(5000-9000); the reaction temperature is 70-90°C, and the reaction time is 14-18h.

[0017] Preferably, in step (3), the mass ratio of modified polyacrylic acid, modified apatite and acetone is (2000-4000):(90-110):(4000-8000); the reaction temperature is 25-40° C., and the reaction time is 2-4 h.

[0018] Preferably, in step (4), the mass ratio of ionic liquid BMIMCl, bamboo powder, chloroacetyl chloride, catalyst, and quaternary ammonium salt grafted apatite is (1000-1800):(80-100):(16-28):(3-7):(40-80); the reaction temperature is 9-17°C, and the reaction time is 8-12h.

[0019] Preferably, in step (4), the catalyst is a combination of cuprous bromide and 2,2-bipyridine, wherein the mass ratio of cuprous bromide to 2,2-bipyridine is 1:1.

[0020] Preferably, the novel high-efficiency soil conditioner prepared by the preparation method of the novel high-efficiency soil conditioner.

[0021] Preferably, the novel high-efficiency soil conditioner is used in saline-alkali land, acidic land, and heavy metal-contaminated soil.

[0022] Preferably, the novel high-efficiency soil conditioner is used to improve crop quality.

[0023] Preferably, the use of the novel high-efficiency soil conditioner includes:

[0024] pH value: 8.5-9.0, containing 0.3-0.6% saline and alkali. The improvement steps are as follows:

[0025] First irrigation: Dosage per mu: Dissolve 20L of new high-efficiency soil conditioner and 5kg of urea in 100L of water, mix well, and spray evenly on an area of ​​one mu; and irrigate the soil directly with water after 1-2 days, requiring the irrigation water to reach a depth of 40 cm.

[0026] Second irrigation: One week after the first irrigation, the dosage per mu is: dissolve 20L of new high-efficiency soil improver and 3kg of urea in 100L of water, mix well, and spray evenly on an area of ​​one mu; and irrigate the soil directly with water after 1-2 days, requiring the irrigation water to reach a depth of 40 cm.

[0027] pH value: 9.0-9.5, the improvement steps are as follows:

[0028] First irrigation: dissolve 15L of new high-efficiency soil conditioner in 100L of water, add 3kg of urea, spray on the soil surface, and irrigate with enough water after one day.

[0029] Second irrigation: 7-10 days after the first stage, dissolve 10L of new high-efficiency soil conditioner in 100L of water, add 2kg of urea, spray on the soil surface, and irrigate with sufficient water one day later.

[0030] Preferably, the use steps of the novel high-efficiency soil conditioner in planting crops are as follows:

[0031] pH value: 7.5-8.0;

[0032] (1) 20 days before planting, dosage per mu: dissolve 500ml of new high-efficiency soil conditioner and 400g of urea in 200-300L of water, mix well, and spray evenly on the soil;

[0033] (2) 7-10 days before planting, dosage per mu: dissolve 400ml of new high-efficiency soil conditioner and 300g of urea in 200-300L of water, mix well, and spray evenly on the soil;

[0034] (3) Three weeks after planting, dosage per mu: add 300 ml of the new high-efficiency soil conditioner to 100 L of water, mix well, and spray evenly on the plants and soil;

[0035] (4) 50-60 days after planting, dosage per mu: add 400 ml of new high-efficiency soil conditioner to 100 L of water, mix well, and spray evenly on plants and soil.

[0036] The pH value is: 7.5-8.0, choose dry farming and less water planting;

[0037] (1) 3-5 days before planting, dosage per mu: dissolve 500ml of new high-efficiency soil conditioner and 400g of urea in 100L of water, mix well, and spray evenly on the soil;

[0038] (2) Three weeks after planting, dosage per acre: add 300 ml of the new high-efficiency soil conditioner to 60 L of water, mix well, and spray evenly on the plants and soil.

[0039] (3) 50-60 days after planting, dosage per mu: add 400 ml of the new high-efficiency soil conditioner to 60 L of water, mix well, and spray evenly on plants and soil.

[0040] The pH value is: 8.0-8.5; the use process is divided into two parts, one is the irrigation stage, the other is the spraying stage, and they are carried out simultaneously, as follows:

[0041] 1. Irrigation stage: irrigate once every 3 weeks, a total of 4 times;

[0042] (1) 3-5 days after planting, the dosage per mu is: 200 ml of new high-efficiency soil conditioner and 100 g of urea dissolved in 60 L of water, mixed evenly, and added to the irrigation system for irrigation;

[0043] (2) The second irrigation was conducted 3 weeks after the first irrigation. The dosage per mu was: 200 ml of the new high-efficiency soil conditioner and 100 g of urea dissolved in 60 L of water, mixed evenly, and added to the irrigation system for irrigation;

[0044] (3) The third irrigation is 3 weeks after the second irrigation. The dosage per mu is: 400 ml of new high-efficiency soil conditioner and 200 g of urea dissolved in 60 L of water, mixed evenly, and added to the irrigation system for irrigation;

[0045] (4) The fourth irrigation was conducted 3 weeks after the third irrigation. The dosage per mu was: 400 ml of the new high-efficiency soil conditioner and 200 g of urea dissolved in 60 L of water, mixed evenly, and added to the irrigation system.

[0046] 2. Spraying stage: spray once every 4 weeks, 3 times in total;

[0047] (1) When there are 4-6 leaves, dissolve 150 ml of the new high-efficiency soil conditioner in 40-60 L of water per acre, stir evenly, and spray on the plants;

[0048] (2) The second spraying: 4 weeks after the first spraying, dissolve 250 ml of the new high-efficiency soil conditioner in 60 L of water per mu, stir evenly, and spray on the plants;

[0049] (3) The third spraying: 4 weeks after the second spraying, dissolve 250 ml of the new high-efficiency soil conditioner in 60 L of water per mu, stir evenly, and spray on the plants.

[0050] Preferably, the plants are food crops, alfalfa, vegetables, greenhouse crops, fruits, potatoes, coffee and trees.

[0051] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0052] 1. The novel high-efficiency soil conditioner prepared by the present invention has significant beneficial effects, mainly in improving soil quality, improving soil structure, enhancing soil nutrient retention capacity and promoting plant growth. Through scientific and reasonable selection and proportioning, this conditioner can effectively solve the shortcomings of traditional soil conditioners in terms of improvement effect and environmental friendliness.

[0053] 2. In the present invention, hydroxyapatite is modified to obtain modified apatite, which enhances the nutrient supply of the soil by improving the utilization efficiency of phosphorus; modified polyacrylic acid can improve the water retention of the soil and improve the structure of the soil, which helps to reduce soil erosion and improve the drought resistance of crops, thereby reducing the need for irrigation; modified polyacrylic acid and modified apatite react to obtain quaternary ammonium salt grafted apatite, which helps to improve the cation exchange capacity in the soil and promote the absorption and retention of nutrients. The addition of bamboo powder can increase the organic matter content in the soil, improve the fertility of the soil, and improve the physical properties of the soil. The new and efficient soil conditioner prepared in the present invention can effectively increase the nutrient content in the soil, especially the main nutrients such as nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium. This helps to improve the nutritional status of the soil, so that plants can better absorb these key nutrients, thereby improving the growth and yield of plants. At the same time, humic acid can provide a rich source of nutrition for microorganisms in the soil and promote their activities. These microorganisms play an important role in the soil, such as decomposing organic matter and fixing nitrogen, thereby further improving the fertility of the soil and avoiding only short-term soil improvement, and achieving a continuous improvement effect. By adding new and efficient soil conditioners, the physical structure of the soil will be significantly improved, and the use of chemical fertilizers can be reduced, thereby reducing the negative impact on the environment. It helps to achieve sustainable agriculture and reduce soil and water pollution.

[0054] 3. In the present invention, octasulfide can improve the trace element content of soil, it can enhance the sulfur element in the soil, and contribute to the growth of plants. Sulfur is an important component of plant protein synthesis, which helps to improve the quality and yield of crops. Humic acid is an important component of organic soil conditioner, which not only helps to improve soil fertility, increase the organic matter content of soil, but also improves soil structure and promotes the absorption of nutrients by plants. At the same time, humic acid also has the effect of promoting soil microbial activity. Montmorillonite is a clay mineral that can improve the water retention and aeration of soil, and its ion exchange capacity helps to increase the nutrient content in soil. Potassium sulfate is an important source of potassium fertilizer that can provide plants with essential potassium elements. Potassium plays a vital role in the growth process of plants, such as promoting photosynthesis, enhancing disease resistance, and improving fruit quality. At the same time, the sulfur element in potassium sulfate can also provide additional nutrition, making the soil conditioner more comprehensive. Sugar alcohol magnesium provides magnesium elements for plants, which is essential for the synthesis of chlorophyll and the conduct of photosynthesis. Magnesium can also activate the activity of various enzymes, promote the metabolic process of plants, increase crop yield and quality, and at the same time promote the conversion of bamboo powder into humic acid, further increasing the role of soil conditioner. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0055] The technical solution of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the embodiments. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0056] Example 1

[0057] This embodiment provides a method for preparing a novel high-efficiency soil conditioner, comprising the following steps:

[0058] The octasulfide, humic acid, montmorillonite, potassium sulfate, magnesium sugar alcohol and additives are uniformly mixed in a mass ratio of 4:0.2:40:8:5:30 to obtain a new type of high-efficiency soil conditioner;

[0059] The preparation method of the additive comprises the following steps:

[0060] Step (1) N, N-dimethylformamide, nano-hydroxyapatite and o-bromobenzoic acid are mixed in a mass ratio of 2000:50:40, reacted at 60° C. for 10 h, filtered, washed with deionized water, and dried at 80° C. for 8 h to obtain modified apatite;

[0061] Step (2) polyacrylic acid, 5-diethylamino-2-hydroxy-benzaldehyde and acetone are mixed in a mass ratio of 3000:500:5000, stirred at a speed of 200 r / min for 10 min, reacted at a temperature of 70° C. for 18 h, filtered, washed with deionized water, and dried at a temperature of 90° C. for 6 h to obtain modified polyacrylic acid;

[0062] Step (3) The modified polyacrylic acid, the modified apatite and the acetone are mixed in a mass ratio of 2000:90:4000, stirred at a speed of 180 r / min for 13 min, reacted at a temperature of 25° C. for 4 h, filtered, washed with distilled water for 3 times, and dried at a temperature of 60° C. for 5 h to obtain a quaternary ammonium salt grafted apatite;

[0063] Step (4) adding bamboo powder to the ionic liquid BMIMCl, adding chloroacetyl chloride, stirring at a speed of 120 r / min for 20 min, and mixing evenly to obtain intermediate I;

[0064] In a nitrogen atmosphere, the intermediate I, the quaternary ammonium salt grafted apatite and the catalyst were mixed, reacted at room temperature and 9°C for 12 hours, and after the reaction was completed, filtered, washed with deionized water, and dried at 60°C for 6 hours to obtain an additive;

[0065] Wherein, the mass ratio of cuprous bromide to 2,2-bipyridine in the catalyst is 1:1;

[0066] Among them, the mass ratio of ionic liquid BMIMCl, bamboo powder, chloroacetyl chloride, catalyst, and quaternary ammonium salt grafted apatite is 1000:80:16:3:40.

[0067] Example 2

[0068] This embodiment provides a method for preparing a novel high-efficiency soil conditioner, comprising the following steps:

[0069] The octasulfide, humic acid, montmorillonite, potassium sulfate, magnesium sugar alcohol and additives are uniformly mixed in a mass ratio of 5:0.3:45:10:6:35 to obtain a new type of high-efficiency soil conditioner;

[0070] The preparation method of the additive comprises the following steps:

[0071] Step (1) N, N-dimethylformamide, nano-hydroxyapatite and o-bromobenzoic acid are mixed in a mass ratio of 2500:60:45, reacted at 65° C. for 9.5 hours, filtered, washed with deionized water, and dried at 85° C. for 7.5 hours to obtain modified apatite;

[0072] Step (2) polyacrylic acid, 5-diethylamino-2-hydroxy-benzaldehyde and acetone are mixed in a mass ratio of 3500:550:6000, stirred at a speed of 220 r / min for 9.5 min, reacted at a temperature of 75° C. for 17 h, filtered, washed with deionized water, and dried at a temperature of 95° C. for 5.5 h to obtain modified polyacrylic acid;

[0073] Step (3) The modified polyacrylic acid, the modified apatite and acetone are mixed in a mass ratio of 2500:95:5000, stirred at a speed of 190 r / min for 12 min, reacted at a temperature of 28° C. for 3.5 h, filtered, washed with distilled water for 3 times, and dried at a temperature of 65° C. for 4.5 h to obtain quaternary ammonium salt grafted apatite;

[0074] Step (4) adding bamboo powder to the ionic liquid BMIMCl, adding chloroacetyl chloride, stirring at a speed of 135 r / min for 18 min, and mixing evenly to obtain intermediate I;

[0075] In a nitrogen atmosphere, the intermediate I, the quaternary ammonium salt grafted apatite and the catalyst were mixed, reacted at room temperature and 11°C for 11 hours, and after the reaction was completed, filtered, washed with deionized water, and dried at 65°C for 5.5 hours to obtain an additive;

[0076] Wherein, the mass ratio of cuprous bromide to 2,2-bipyridine in the catalyst is 1:1;

[0077] Among them, the mass ratio of ionic liquid BMIMCl, bamboo powder, chloroacetyl chloride, catalyst, and quaternary ammonium salt grafted apatite is 1200:85:19:4:50.

[0078] Example 3

[0079] This embodiment provides a method for preparing a novel high-efficiency soil conditioner, comprising the following steps:

[0080] The octasulfide, humic acid, montmorillonite, potassium sulfate, magnesium sugar alcohol and additives are mixed uniformly in a mass ratio of 6:0.4:50:12:7:40 to obtain a new type of high-efficiency soil conditioner;

[0081] The preparation method of the additive comprises the following steps:

[0082] Step (1) N, N-dimethylformamide, nano-hydroxyapatite and o-bromobenzoic acid are mixed in a mass ratio of 3000:75:50, reacted at 70° C. for 9 h, filtered, washed with deionized water, and dried at 90° C. for 7 h to obtain modified apatite;

[0083] Step (2) polyacrylic acid, 5-diethylamino-2-hydroxy-benzaldehyde and acetone are mixed in a mass ratio of 4000:600:7000, stirred at a speed of 240 r / min for 9 minutes, reacted at a temperature of 80° C. for 16 hours, filtered, washed with deionized water, and dried at a temperature of 100° C. for 5 hours to obtain modified polyacrylic acid;

[0084] Step (3) The modified polyacrylic acid, the modified apatite and acetone are mixed in a mass ratio of 3000:100:6000, stirred at a speed of 200 r / min for 11 min, reacted at a temperature of 32° C. for 3 h, filtered, washed with distilled water 3 times, and dried at a temperature of 70° C. for 4 h to obtain quaternary ammonium salt grafted apatite;

[0085] Step (4) adding bamboo powder to the ionic liquid BMIMCl, adding chloroacetyl chloride, stirring at a speed of 150 r / min for 16 min, and mixing evenly to obtain intermediate I;

[0086] In a nitrogen atmosphere, the intermediate I, the quaternary ammonium salt grafted apatite and the catalyst were mixed, reacted at room temperature and 13°C for 10 hours, and after the reaction was completed, filtered, washed with deionized water, and dried at 70°C for 5 hours to obtain an additive;

[0087] Wherein, the mass ratio of cuprous bromide to 2,2-bipyridine in the catalyst is 1:1;

[0088] Among them, the mass ratio of ionic liquid BMIMCl, bamboo powder, chloroacetyl chloride, catalyst, and quaternary ammonium salt grafted apatite is 1400:90:22:5:60.

[0089] Example 4

[0090] This embodiment provides a method for preparing a novel high-efficiency soil conditioner, comprising the following steps:

[0091] The octasulfide, humic acid, montmorillonite, potassium sulfate, magnesium sugar alcohol and additives are uniformly mixed in a mass ratio of 7:0.5:55:14:8:45 to obtain a new type of high-efficiency soil conditioner;

[0092] The preparation method of the additive comprises the following steps:

[0093] Step (1) N, N-dimethylformamide, nano-hydroxyapatite and o-bromobenzoic acid are mixed in a mass ratio of 3500:85:55, reacted at 75° C. for 8.5 hours, filtered, washed with deionized water, and dried at 95° C. for 6.5 hours to obtain modified apatite;

[0094] Step (2) polyacrylic acid, 5-diethylamino-2-hydroxy-benzaldehyde and acetone are mixed in a mass ratio of 4500:650:8000, stirred at a speed of 260 r / min for 8.5 min, reacted at a temperature of 85° C. for 15 h, filtered, washed with deionized water, and dried at a temperature of 105° C. for 4.5 h to obtain modified polyacrylic acid;

[0095] Step (3) The modified polyacrylic acid, the modified apatite and acetone are mixed in a mass ratio of 3500:105:7000, stirred at a speed of 210 r / min for 10 min, reacted at a temperature of 36° C. for 2.5 h, filtered, washed with distilled water 3 times, and dried at a temperature of 75° C. for 3.5 h to obtain quaternary ammonium salt grafted apatite;

[0096] Step (4) adding bamboo powder to the ionic liquid BMIMCl, adding chloroacetyl chloride, stirring at a speed of 165 r / min for 14 min, and mixing evenly to obtain intermediate I;

[0097] In a nitrogen atmosphere, the intermediate I, the quaternary ammonium salt grafted apatite and the catalyst were mixed, reacted at room temperature and 15°C for 9 hours, and after the reaction was completed, filtered, washed with deionized water, and dried at 75°C for 4.5 hours to obtain an additive;

[0098] Wherein, the mass ratio of cuprous bromide to 2,2-bipyridine in the catalyst is 1:1;

[0099] Among them, the mass ratio of ionic liquid BMIMCl, bamboo powder, chloroacetyl chloride, catalyst, and quaternary ammonium salt grafted apatite is 1600:95:25:6:70.

[0100] Example 5

[0101] This embodiment provides a method for preparing a novel high-efficiency soil conditioner, comprising the following steps:

[0102] The octasulfide, humic acid, montmorillonite, potassium sulfate, magnesium sugar alcohol and additives are uniformly mixed in a mass ratio of 8:0.6:60:16:9:50 to obtain a new type of high-efficiency soil conditioner;

[0103] The preparation method of the additive comprises the following steps:

[0104] Step (1) N, N-dimethylformamide, nano-hydroxyapatite and o-bromobenzoic acid are mixed in a mass ratio of 4000:100:60, reacted at 80° C. for 8 h, filtered, washed with deionized water, and dried at 100° C. for 6 h to obtain modified apatite;

[0105] Step (2) polyacrylic acid, 5-diethylamino-2-hydroxy-benzaldehyde and acetone are mixed in a mass ratio of 5000:700:9000, stirred at a speed of 280 r / min for 8 min, reacted at a temperature of 90° C. for 14 h, filtered, washed with deionized water, and dried at a temperature of 110° C. for 4 h to obtain modified polyacrylic acid;

[0106] Step (3) The modified polyacrylic acid, the modified apatite and acetone are mixed in a mass ratio of 4000:110:8000, stirred at a speed of 220 r / min for 9 min, reacted at a temperature of 40° C. for 2 h, filtered, washed with distilled water 3 times, and dried at a temperature of 80° C. for 3 h to obtain quaternary ammonium salt grafted apatite;

[0107] Step (4) adding bamboo powder to the ionic liquid BMIMCl, adding chloroacetyl chloride, stirring at a speed of 180 r / min for 12 min, and mixing evenly to obtain intermediate I;

[0108] In a nitrogen atmosphere, the intermediate I, the quaternary ammonium salt grafted apatite and the catalyst were mixed, reacted at room temperature and 17°C for 8 hours, and after the reaction was completed, filtered, washed with deionized water, and dried at 80°C for 4 hours to obtain an additive;

[0109] Wherein, the mass ratio of cuprous bromide to 2,2-bipyridine in the catalyst is 1:1;

[0110] Among them, the mass ratio of ionic liquid BMIMCl, bamboo powder, chloroacetyl chloride, catalyst, and quaternary ammonium salt grafted apatite is 1800:100:28:7:80.

[0111] The bamboo powder used in the present invention is homemade, wherein the moso bamboo is produced in Meiling, Nanchang City, Jiangxi Province, crushed by a grinder, and sieved to obtain bamboo powder with a particle size of 100 mesh; nano hydroxyapatite comes from Enpeptide Yuan Biology, model ety851; polyacrylic acid comes from Guangzhou Hecheng Environmental Protection Technology Co., Ltd.; others are commercially available products.

[0112] Test example

[0113] Two test sites were selected for this experiment, including the Keqingzi Village test site and the Quxuergai Village test site. The details are as follows:

[0114] Keqingzi Village Experimental Site: Located in Keqingzi Village, Songtak Township, Atushi City, 10 kilometers away from Atushi City, the experimental site covers an area of ​​2 mu. In the past few years, corn and trees were planted, but due to salt damage, they were unsuccessful. Before the improvement, it was a wasteland; the soil test results of the experimental site before the improvement are shown in Table 1;

[0115] The test site in Quxuergai Village is located in Quxuergai Village, Gedaliang Township, Atushi City, 12 kilometers east of the Gedaliang Township Government and 30 kilometers west of Atushi City. The test site is located in the core area of ​​Atushi City with the largest saline-alkali land area and the heaviest salinity, covering an area of ​​1.5 acres. Before improvement, due to the high salinity content, it was abandoned all year round, with no grass growing on the surface and a layer of white salt frost on the surface; the soil test results of the test site before improvement are shown in Table 1;

[0116] Table 1

[0117]

[0118] The surface salt crust was removed by an excavator at the test site in Keqingzi Village to a depth of 20 cm. The surface salt crust was removed by an excavator at the test site in Quxuergai Village to a depth of 30 cm. The soil of the test site in Quxuergai Village was tested after the salt crust was removed, as shown in Table 2.

[0119] Table 2

[0120]

[0121] Salt and alkali reduction test:

[0122] The time for using new and efficient soil conditioners to reduce salt and alkali treatment is from July 23, 2023 to September 2023. Set up 6 plots in the experimental sites of Keqingzi Village and Quxuergai Village, of which 5 plots are treated with different amounts of new and efficient soil conditioners after removing the salt shell, and 1 plot is not treated with salt shell removal. The 6 plots of the experimental sites of Keqingzi Village and Quxuergai Village were evenly sprayed with new and efficient soil conditioners. After 24 hours, each plot of the experimental field was irrigated with water to a depth of 10 cm. After natural drying, the five-point sampling method was used to detect soil-related values, and the amount of new and efficient soil conditioners applied next time was adjusted according to the test results. Repeated treatment in this way, 1-5 plots of the experimental site in Keqingzi Village were treated 4 times, and 6 plots were treated 3 times. The Quxuergai Village test site was treated 4 times in plots 1, 3, 4, and 5, 5 times in plot 2, and 2 times in plot 6; the specific soil test results after improvement in the Keqingzi Village test site and the Quxuergai Village test site are shown in Tables 3 and 4; the original data of the two test sites before improvement are shown in Table 5; the specific effects of reducing salt and alkali by using the new high-efficiency soil conditioner in the Keqingzi Village test site are shown in Table 6; the specific effects of reducing salt and alkali by using the new high-efficiency soil conditioner in the Quxuergai Village test site are shown in Table 7;

[0123] Table 3

[0124]

[0125] Table 4

[0126]

[0127] Table 5

[0128]

[0129] Table 6

[0130]

[0131] Table 7

[0132]

[0133]

[0134] In summary, it can be seen that the use of the new high-efficiency soil conditioner prepared in the present invention for soil improvement has a good improvement effect.

[0135] Test on the impact on crop emergence rate:

[0136] The test sites in Keqingzi Village and Quxuergai Village improved with the new and efficient soil conditioner were used for base fertilizer application. Before fertilization, Zhongyi Agricultural Micro-fertilizer Biological Companion was used for fertilizer mixing, and then applied to the soil for rotary tillage. The specific seed treatment is as follows: soak the seeds first, and add Micro-fertilizer during the period. Then germinate until white and sow. The specific sowing test is as follows: from September 5, 2023, the plots in the test sites in Keqingzi Village and Quxuergai Village where the salt content is reduced to less than 0.2% will be sown successively, using the bud-sitting water sowing method, and the water will be prepared before use. The planting time is from September 5, 2023 to September 26, 2023. There are 9 plots in the two experimental plots, and 3 plots are not planted. The sowing time, crop variety, and germination rate of the crops planted in the 6 plots of the Keqingzi Village experimental plot and the 3 plots of the Quxuergai Village experimental plot were recorded 15 days after sowing. The specific results are shown in Table 8. The soil in the Keqingzi Village experimental plot and the Quxuergai Village experimental plot was collected as potted experimental soil, and crops were planted to conduct potted experiments, as shown in Table 9.

[0137] Table 8

[0138]

[0139] Table 9

[0140]

[0141] Combining Tables 8 and 9, it can be seen that removing the salt crust can accelerate the process of reducing soil salinity and shorten the improvement time. On the other hand, if the salt crust is removed too deeply, the more compacted soil below will become the tillage layer, which will have a great negative impact on the subsequent sowing, emergence and growth of crops. The experimental sites in Keqingzi Village and Quxuergai Village, which were improved by the new high-efficiency soil conditioner, both showed certain salinity-reducing performance and could be used to plant crops. At the same time, the soil aggregate structure improved, the surface soil became less compacted, the air permeability improved, the seed germination became stronger, and the arching of the soil after germination was better than before the improvement, which increased the emergence rate. It can be seen from the whole that the soil salt content exceeds 0.2%, and the emergence rate is basically no when the soil salt content is between 0.1-0.2%, and the emergence rate is between 30-70%. When it drops below 0.1%, the emergence rate can reach more than 90%. The experimental site in Keqingzi Village went from failure in planting corn to an average corn emergence rate of 72.2%, and the experimental site in Quxuergai Village went from no grass on the surface to planting corn emergence rates of 63.5%, 55.3% for sorghum, and 56% for jatropha. These indicate that the new high-efficiency soil conditioner prepared by the present invention has a good improvement effect and is beneficial to the growth of crops in the later stage of soil improvement.

[0142] Although the embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and variations may be made to the embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the present invention, and that all equivalent changes and improvements made within the scope of the present invention should still fall within the scope of the patent coverage of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for preparing a novel high-efficiency soil conditioner, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: The octasulfide, humic acid, montmorillonite, potassium sulfate, magnesium sugar alcohol and additives are uniformly mixed to obtain a new type of high-efficiency soil conditioner; The preparation method of the additive comprises the following steps: Step (1) mixing N,N-dimethylformamide, nano-hydroxyapatite and o-bromobenzoic acid, heating, reacting, filtering, washing and drying after the reaction is completed to obtain modified apatite; Step (2) adding polyacrylic acid and 5-diethylamino-2-hydroxy-benzaldehyde to acetone, stirring, heating, reacting, filtering, washing, and drying after the reaction is completed to obtain modified polyacrylic acid; Step (3) adding modified polyacrylic acid and modified apatite to acetone, stirring, heating, reacting, filtering, washing, and drying after the reaction is completed to obtain quaternary ammonium salt grafted apatite; Step (4) adding bamboo powder to ionic liquid BMIMCl, adding chloroacetyl chloride, stirring and mixing to obtain intermediate I; In a nitrogen atmosphere, the intermediate I, the quaternary ammonium salt grafted apatite and the catalyst are mixed and reacted at room temperature. After the reaction is completed, the mixture is filtered, washed and dried to obtain an additive; The mass ratio of octasulfide, humic acid, montmorillonite, potassium sulfate, magnesium sugar alcohol and additives is (4-8):(0.2-0.6):(40-60):(8-16):(5-9):(30-50); In step (1), the mass ratio of N,N-dimethylformamide, nano-hydroxyapatite and o-bromobenzoic acid is (2000-4000):(50-100):(40-60); the reaction temperature is 60-80°C, and the reaction time is 8-10h; In step (3), the mass ratio of modified polyacrylic acid, modified apatite and acetone is (2000-4000):(90-110):(4000-8000); the reaction temperature is 25-40° C., and the reaction time is 2-4 hours; In step (4), the mass ratio of ionic liquid BMIMCl, bamboo powder, chloroacetyl chloride, catalyst, and quaternary ammonium salt grafted apatite is (1000-1800):(80-100):(16-28):(3-7):(40-80); the reaction temperature is 9-17° C., and the reaction time is 8-12 h; In step (4), the catalyst is a combination of cuprous bromide and 2,2-bipyridine, wherein the mass ratio of cuprous bromide to 2,2-bipyridine is 1:1; In step (2), the mass ratio of polyacrylic acid, 5-diethylamino-2-hydroxy-benzaldehyde and acetone is (3000-5000):(500-700):(5000-9000); the reaction temperature is 70-90° C., and the reaction time is 14-18 h.

2. A novel high-efficiency soil conditioner prepared by the preparation method of the novel high-efficiency soil conditioner according to claim 1.

3. An application of the novel high-efficiency soil conditioner according to claim 2 in saline-alkali contaminated soil.

4. Use of the new high-efficiency soil conditioner according to claim 2 in improving crop quality.

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