An open channel ice melting device based on light collector and optical fiber

Abstract

The present invention discloses an open channel de-icing device based on a light collector and optical fibers. The device comprises a light collector plate and a concrete pile foundation installed on an open channel embankment. The light collector plate is rotatably mounted on a vertical support shaft via a rotating support. The vertical support shaft is provided with a pitch rotation assembly that acts on the light collector plate. The vertical support shaft is rotatably mounted on the concrete pile foundation via a bearing, and the concrete pile foundation is provided with a horizontal rotation assembly that acts on the vertical support shaft. The light collector plate is provided with a light collector, which is connected to an ice-melting float on the surface of the open channel water via an optical fiber bundle. The present invention uses the pitch rotation assembly and the horizontal rotation assembly to rotate the light collector plate with the sun to maintain vertical illumination, thereby continuously concentrating sunlight into the light collector, which is then directed into the ice-melting float. The ice-melting float transmits the solar thermal energy to the channel lining surface, thereby preventing the initial freezing of the open channel water during winter operation.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of open channel water body antifreezing, and in particular to an open channel ice melting device based on a light collector and an optical fiber. Background Art

[0002] In response to the increasing winter water demand in urban industry, agriculture, and municipal administration in northern my country's severely cold regions, the number of large-scale, long-distance water diversion projects under construction or already under construction is gradually increasing. Winters in northern my country's severely cold regions (regions with latitudes greater than 40 degrees) are extremely cold and long. Under the influence of severe cold and low temperatures, freezing of operating open channels is common, and the scale of freezing gradually expands as the winter low temperatures persist. As a result, freezing disasters are common and prominent. Under negative temperature conditions in severely cold regions, the freezing of water flowing in open channels first begins at the junction of the water surface and the lining, gradually extending toward the center of the channel. This causes the effective cross-section of the open channel to decrease, resulting in a significant reduction in water transfer efficiency. At the same time, the ice push and compression caused by the freezing of open channel water on the open channel lining, as well as the frost heave caused by water infiltration, will significantly increase the adverse effects of channel foundation swelling, landslides, and collapses, triggering seasonal dry-ups and causing serious economic losses.

[0003] Currently, common winter operation and anti-freezing measures for open channels in severely cold regions include manual or mechanical de-icing, water transfer under the ice sheet, and groundwater pumping to melt ice. While manual de-icing is direct and effective, it requires ice-breaking, ice-removing, and ice-storage facilities along the channel, resulting in high operation and maintenance costs. Ice hazards such as icing and ice jams often recur. Under-ice transfer involves manually controlling the flow of water through the open channel, creating a complete ice sheet on the channel surface while the water transfer under the ice sheet continues to operate. This method is low-cost and suitable for severely cold regions. However, its disadvantages are the difficulty of manually controlling a stable, homogeneous ice sheet, and the significant damage caused by the ice sheet's push and squeeze to the channel lining and foundation. Pumping to melt ice involves pumping warmer groundwater into the open channel to raise its temperature and prevent freezing. This method is effective in melting ice, but it offers high groundwater levels in cold regions, high energy consumption, and numerous restrictions on groundwater extraction, making it difficult to implement in areas with scarce groundwater resources. In summary, current low-temperature winter operation technologies for long-distance water diversion projects often suffer from significant energy, labor, and material consumption, as well as environmental concerns. Furthermore, it's difficult to eliminate the damage caused by ice pushing, ice pulling, and scouring of lining panels caused by freezing. This has led to slow progress in the promotion and application of measures to control the operation of open channels in winter in severely cold regions and prevent and control freezing damage caused by freezing. Therefore, there is an urgent need for an ice-melting control technology that is energy-efficient, environmentally friendly, automated, cost-effective, and easy to maintain.

[0004] The extremely cold regions of northern my country (such as Xinjiang) have a dry climate, and even in winter, they still have relatively abundant solar thermal resources. Analyzed from the perspective of solar energy density, the amount of solar energy received per unit area, under strong sunlight, the solar energy density at the surface is approximately 1000W / ㎡. Generally speaking, under abundant solar energy conditions, a square meter of solar panels can only generate 200 to 400 watts of power. According to statistics, in northern Xinjiang (near 40° north latitude), the surface solar energy density during winter (November to March) is approximately 800W / ㎡. If the solar energy on a circular surface with a diameter of 1.5m is approximately 1400W, equivalent to the power of a typical household electric water heater, this energy is still considerable for open channel ice melting. If the light and heat energy of solar energy is directly collected and utilized and converted into heat energy (common conversion efficiency is 90% to 97%) and auxiliary heating is used to melt the ice at the locations where open channels are most prone to freezing, it is possible to prevent the initial freezing of open channel water bodies during winter operation, thereby achieving the purpose of improving the water delivery efficiency of open channels in winter and reducing freezing disasters. Summary of the Invention

[0005] In response to the above problems in the prior art, the present invention provides an open channel ice melting device based on a light collector and optical fiber, which solves the problem of huge resource consumption in the winter operation of existing open channels and common anti-freezing measures.

[0006] In order to achieve the above object, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is as follows:

[0007] Provided is an open channel ice melting device based on a light collector and optical fibers, comprising a light collecting plate and a concrete pile foundation arranged on an open channel embankment; the light collecting plate is rotatably arranged on a vertical support shaft via a rotating support; a pitch rotation component acting on the light collecting plate is arranged on the vertical support shaft; the vertical support shaft is rotatably arranged on the concrete pile foundation via a bearing, and a horizontal rotation component acting on the vertical support shaft is arranged on the concrete pile foundation; a light collector is arranged on the light collecting plate, and the light collector is connected to an ice melting floating body on the water surface of the open channel via an optical fiber bundle.

[0008] The present invention is energy-efficient, green and environmentally friendly, has a simple structure and is inexpensive. The pitch rotation component and the horizontal rotation component enable the light collecting plate to rotate with the sun to maintain vertical irradiation, thereby continuously collecting sunlight into the light collector, and then introducing it into the ice melting float. The light and heat energy of the sunlight is transmitted to the channel lining surface through the ice melting float, which greatly reduces the consumption of energy, manpower and material resources, overcomes the impact of the environment, and achieves the effect of initial prevention of freezing of open channel water bodies during winter operation.

[0009] Furthermore, the light collecting plate includes multiple light collecting sub-plates, and the splicing sides of the light collecting sub-plates are all turned over and provided with first flanges; the multiple light collecting sub-plates are assembled into a light collecting plate in a ring shape by passing bolts through the reserved holes on the first flanges of adjacent light collecting sub-plates.

[0010] Furthermore, the rotating support includes a support ring, a connecting plate is provided on the support ring, and the support ring and the light collecting plate are connected by bolts passing through the connecting plate and the first flange;

[0011] A rotating shaft is provided under the support ring through a connecting rod. The rotating shaft passes through the top end of the vertical bracket shaft to rotatably connect the support ring and the vertical bracket shaft.

[0012] Furthermore, the pitch rotation assembly includes a first drive motor and a transmission housing that are arranged on the vertical support shaft through a fixed bracket. The transmission housing is provided with a screw adjustment rod. The screw adjustment sleeve is provided on the screw adjustment rod located in the transmission housing through a thread. The first driven gear is sleeved on the screw adjustment sleeve. The output shaft of the first drive motor extends into the transmission housing and is provided with a first driving gear at the end thereof. The first driving gear is meshed with the first driven gear.

[0013] The top end of the screw rod adjusting rod is rotatably connected with the connecting rod on the rotating support through an intermediate rotating shaft.

[0014] Furthermore, the horizontal rotation assembly includes a second drive motor installed on the concrete pile foundation through a bracket, a second driving gear is provided on the output shaft of the second drive motor, and the second driving gear is connected to the second driven gear on the vertical bracket shaft through a chain.

[0015] Furthermore, the ice-melting float includes a heat-conducting shell connected to the optical fiber bundle. The interior of the heat-conducting shell is hollow, and a photothermal energy conversion coating is provided on the hollow inner wall. A heat-absorbing radiation layer is provided on the outer wall of the heat-conducting shell.

[0016] Furthermore, a connecting fixture is provided at one end of the heat-conducting shell, and the connecting fixture is connected to a wire rope winder on the open channel dam through a wire rope.

[0017] Furthermore, the light collector is installed above the light collecting plate through a light collecting bracket; the light collecting bracket includes multiple light collector fixing rods, one end of each of the multiple light collector fixing rods is installed on the second flange of the light collecting plate, and the other end of the multiple light collector fixing rods is connected to the light collector fixing ring in a ring shape, and the light collector is installed in the light collector fixing ring.

[0018] Furthermore, a light tracking assembly is provided on the light collecting plate; the light tracking assembly includes a light shielding tube base provided on the second flange, a light shielding tube is provided on the light shielding tube base, and a light inlet is provided at the center of the upper surface of the light shielding tube;

[0019] There are 8 light angle tracking sensors evenly and symmetrically distributed in a cross shape at the center of the light-shielding tube base inside the light-shielding tube, and a light intensity radiation sensor is arranged inside the light-shielding tube.

[0020] Furthermore, a transparent dust cover is provided on the light collecting plate.

[0021] The present invention discloses an open channel ice melting device based on a light collector and an optical fiber, which has the following beneficial effects:

[0022] The present invention is energy-efficient, green and environmentally friendly, has a simple structure and is inexpensive. The pitch rotation component and the horizontal rotation component enable the collecting plate to rotate with the sun to maintain vertical irradiation, thereby continuously collecting sunlight into the collector. The collector conducts the light and heat of the sunlight into the ice-melting float through the optical fiber bundle, thereby transmitting the light and heat energy of the sunlight to the channel lining surface through the ice-melting float, preventing the formation of an ice layer on the surface of the open channel lining, achieving the effect of melting ice on the open channel lining under severe cold conditions, greatly reducing the consumption of energy, manpower and material resources, making full use of the light and heat resources brought by the abundant solar energy, overcoming the influence of the environment, and achieving the effect of preventing the initial freezing of the open channel water body during winter operation, so as to achieve the purpose of improving the water conveyance efficiency of the open channel in winter and reducing freezing disasters. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0023] Figure 1 The figure is a schematic structural diagram of an open channel ice melting device based on a light collector and optical fiber according to the present invention.

[0024] Figure 2 This is a structural schematic diagram of an open channel ice melting device based on a light collector and optical fiber according to the present invention from another angle.

[0025] Figure 3 Schematic diagram of the structure of the light collecting plate of the present invention.

[0026] Figure 4 Schematic diagram of the structure of the photon collecting plate of the present invention.

[0027] Figure 5 It is a structural schematic diagram of the transparent dust cover of the present invention.

[0028] Figure 6 It is a structural schematic diagram of the rotating support of the present invention.

[0029] Figure 7 It is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the transmission housing of the present invention.

[0030] Figure 8 Schematic diagram of the connection between the light concentrator and the optical fiber bundle of the present invention.

[0031] Figure 9 It is a structural schematic diagram of the ice melting floating body of the present invention.

[0032] Figure 10 It is a schematic structural diagram of the ice melting floating body traction of the present invention.

[0033] Figure 11 Schematic diagram of the structure of the light tracking component of the present invention.

[0034] Figure 12 Schematic diagram of the layout of the light angle tracking sensor of the present invention.

[0035] Figure 13 It is a schematic diagram of the process of tracking sunlight of the present invention.

[0036] Among them, 1. light collecting plate; 11. photon collecting plate; 12. first flange; 13. second flange; 14. transparent dust cover;

[0037] 2. Concrete pile foundation;

[0038] 3. Rotating support; 31. Support ring; 32. Connecting plate; 33. Rotating shaft; 34. Connecting rod;

[0039] 4. Vertical support axis;

[0040] 5. Pitch rotation assembly; 51. Fixed bracket; 52. First drive motor; 53. Transmission housing; 54. Screw adjustment rod; 55. Screw adjustment sleeve; 56. First driven gear; 57. First driving gear; 58. Intermediate rotation shaft;

[0041] 6. Horizontal rotation assembly; 61. Second drive motor; 62. Second driving gear; 63. Chain; 64. Second driven gear;

[0042] 7. light collector; 71. light collector fixing rod; 72. light collector fixing ring;

[0043] 8. Optical fiber bundle; 81, 82, 83, 84, 85,

[0044] 9. Ice-melting float; 91. Heat-conducting shell; 92. Photothermal energy conversion coating; 93. Heat-absorbing radiation layer; 94. Connector and fixture; 95. Wire rope; 96. Wire rope winder;

[0045] 10. Light tracking component; 101. Light-shielding tube base; 102. Light-shielding tube; 103. Light inlet; 104. Light angle tracking sensor; 105. Light intensity radiation sensor. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0046] The specific embodiments of the present invention are described to facilitate understanding of the present invention by those skilled in the art. However, it should be clear that the present invention is not limited to the scope of the specific embodiments. For those skilled in the art, as long as various changes are within the spirit and scope of the present invention as defined and determined by the appended claims, these changes are obvious, and all inventions and creations utilizing the concepts of the present invention are protected.

[0047] Example 1

[0048] refer to Figures 1-6 , which is a structural schematic diagram of an open channel ice melting device based on a light collector and optical fiber in this embodiment. Its purpose is to solve the problem of huge resource consumption in the winter operation of existing open channels and common anti-freezing measures. The specific structure of this embodiment will be described in detail below.

[0049] An open channel ice melting device based on a light collector and optical fiber comprises a light collecting plate 1, a light collector 7 and a concrete pile foundation 2.

[0050] Among them, the light collecting plate 1 is a stainless steel metal plate stamped with a rotating parabola-shaped cross-section. In this embodiment, the light collecting plate 1 is a stamped stainless steel plate with a diameter of 1.5 meters. In order to ensure its rigidity, the thickness of the light collecting plate is not less than 3 mm. The light-facing side (concave side) of the light collecting plate 1 is a reflective layer with a vacuum-plated aluminum reflective film, and its cross-section is a rotating parabola. The reflected light can form a fixed sunlight focus. A rotating support 3 is provided at the bottom of the light collecting plate 1, and the rotating support 3 is rotatably set on the vertical bracket shaft 4. At the same time, a pitch rotation component 5 acting on the light collecting plate 1 is provided on the vertical bracket shaft 4. The pitch angle of the light collecting plate 1 is adjusted by the pitch rotation component 5. The pitch angle of the light collecting plate 1 is the angle between the main optical axis of the light collecting plate and the horizontal plane.

[0051] The concrete pile foundation 2 is set on the open channel embankment near the open channel lining. A vertical support shaft 4 is set on the concrete pile foundation 2 through a bearing. At the same time, a horizontal rotation component 6 acting on the vertical support shaft 4 is set on the concrete pile foundation 2. The vertical support shaft 4 can be rotated relative to the concrete pile foundation 2 through the horizontal rotation component 6, and then the pitch angle and horizontal rotation angle of the light collecting panel 1 are controlled by the pitch rotation component 5 and the horizontal rotation component 6, so as to actively track the lighting angle and ensure that the main optical axis direction of the light collecting panel 1 always points to the direction of the sun.

[0052] A light collector 7 is provided on the light collecting plate 1. The light collector 7 is located at the sunlight focus of the light collecting plate 1. The light collector 7 is connected to the ice melting float 9 on the open channel water surface through the optical fiber bundle 8, so that the light and heat energy of the sunlight reflected by the light collecting plate 1 are transmitted to the ice melting float 9. The ice melting float 9 is used to transmit the light and heat energy of the sunlight to the channel lining surface, so as to prevent the formation of an ice layer on the open channel lining surface, thereby achieving the effect of melting ice on the open channel lining under severe cold conditions, greatly reducing the consumption of energy, manpower and material resources, making full use of the light and heat resources brought by the abundant solar energy, overcoming the influence of the environment, and achieving the effect of preventing the initial freezing of the open channel water body during winter operation, so as to achieve the purpose of improving the water conveyance efficiency of the open channel in winter and reducing freezing disasters.

[0053] Specifically, in order to facilitate transportation, the light collecting plate 1 includes a plurality of light collecting sub-plates 11. The specific number of the light collecting sub-plates 11 can be set according to actual needs. In this embodiment, the light collecting plate 1 is an assembled parabolic panel of 6 light collecting sub-plates 11 with a central angle of 60°. The first flanges 12 are flipped and provided on the splicing sides of the light collecting sub-plates 11. Bolts are passed through the reserved holes on the first flanges 12 on the adjacent light collecting sub-plates 11 to form a plurality of light collecting sub-plates 11 in a ring shape to form a light collecting plate 1.

[0054] The rotating support 3 includes a support ring 31, a connecting plate 32 is provided on the support ring 31, and the support ring 31 is connected to the light collecting plate 1 by bolts passing through the connecting plate 32 and the first flange 12. A rotating shaft 33 is provided under the support ring 31 through a connecting rod, and the rotating shaft passes through the top end of the vertical bracket shaft 4 to rotate and connect the support ring 31 and the vertical bracket shaft 4.

[0055] Specifically, the light collector 7 is mounted above the light collector plate 1 via a light collector bracket, oriented toward the central optical axis of the light collector plate 1. The light collector 7 is a hollow, cylindrical, trumpet-shaped light collector made of heat-resistant glass, with a reflective coating applied to the inner surface of the trumpet shape. Its dimensions are: the larger opening of the trumpet-shaped light collector has a diameter of 150mm, the smaller opening has a diameter of 30mm, and the length of the light collector is 200mm. Its sides feature smooth, streamlined transitions to ensure that reflected light is fully reflected from the collector into the optical fiber.

[0056] The light collecting bracket includes multiple light collecting rods 71, each of which has one end mounted on the second flange 13 of the light collecting plate 1. In this embodiment, three light collecting rods 71 ​​are provided. The bottoms of the three light collecting rods 71 ​​are fixed to bolt holes reserved on the second flange 13 of the light collecting plate 1 by bolts, with the bolt holes 120 degrees apart. The other ends of the three light collecting rods 71 ​​are connected to the light collecting ring 72 in a circular shape. The light collecting device 7 is mounted within the light collecting ring 72, thereby placing the light collecting device 7 at the focal point of sunlight where reflected light can form. The cylindrical central axis of the light collecting device 7 is aligned with the main optical axis of the light collecting plate 1, and the center of the larger opening of the light collecting device 7 coincides with the focal point of the light reflected from the light collecting plate 1, ensuring that the reflected light enters the side with the larger opening of the light collecting device 7. When sunlight enters the light collecting device 7, due to the streamlined shape of the light collecting device 7, the sunlight is totally reflected and collected at the smaller opening of the light collecting device 7. A high-temperature resistant optical fiber bundle 8 (about 150 optical fibers with a diameter less than 3 mm) is connected to the smaller opening of the light collector 7 and fixed with a high-temperature resistant metal ring to ensure that the sunlight at the end face of the optical fiber bundle 8 can enter the optical fiber to a great extent.

[0057] refer to Figure 8 The ends of approximately 150 optical fibers with a diameter less than 3 mm are fixed with high-temperature resistant metal ferrules to ensure that the ends of all individual optical fibers in the optical fiber bundle 8 are in the same plane. The metal ferrule at the end of the optical fiber bundle 8 is fixed to the inside of the smaller opening at the rear end of the trumpet-shaped light collector 7 using high-temperature resistant glue. The optical fiber bundle 8 is fixed by tightening the tapered nut fixing the optical fiber end with the thread at the end of the metal ferrule. The outer diameter of the metal ferrule matches the inner diameter of the smaller opening at the rear end of the light collector to ensure that the direction of the optical fiber bundle end is parallel to the axial direction of the light collector 7. Ensure that the sunlight at the end face of the optical fiber of the optical fiber bundle 8 can enter the optical fiber bundle 8 to the greatest extent possible.

[0058] Specifically, to extend the service life and minimize the impact of environmental factors like rain and snow on the reflective efficiency of the reflective surface, a transparent dust cover 14 with a circular arc top is installed on the concave side of the light-collecting plate 1. Made of highly transparent acrylic, its dimensions match the profile of the second flange 13 on the edge of the light-collecting plate 1. It is bolted to the light-collecting plate 1 and secured with a waterproof seal. A 30mm diameter hole for the optical fiber bundle 8 is reserved at the top center of the dust cover 14. After the optical fiber bundle 8 is installed, a sealant is applied. The optical fiber bundle 8 passes through the dust cover 14 on the light-collecting plate 1, ultimately directing sunlight to the ice-melting float 9 for photothermal conversion.

[0059] Example 2

[0060] refer to Figure 1、 Figure 2 and Figure 7 , is a schematic structural diagram of an open channel ice melting device based on a light collector and optical fibers according to this embodiment. Based on Example 1, this embodiment provides a further solution for the pitch rotation assembly 5 and the horizontal rotation assembly 6, the purpose of which is to ensure that the main optical axis direction of the light collecting plate always points toward the direction of the sun. The specific structures of the pitch rotation assembly 5 and the horizontal rotation assembly 6 according to this embodiment will be described in detail below.

[0061] The pitch rotation assembly 5 includes a first drive motor 52 and a transmission housing 53 .

[0062] Among them, the first drive motor 52 and the transmission housing 53 are both arranged on the vertical support shaft 4 through the fixed bracket 51, and a screw adjustment rod 54 is provided on the transmission housing 53. A screw adjustment sleeve 55 is provided on the screw adjustment rod 54 located in the transmission housing 53 through a thread, and a first driven gear 56 is sleeved on the screw adjustment sleeve 55; the output shaft of the first drive motor 52 is extended to the end of the transmission housing 53 and a first driving gear 57 is provided. The first driving gear 57 is meshed with the first driven gear 56, and the top end of the screw adjustment rod 54 is rotatably connected to the connecting rod 34 on the rotating support 3 through the intermediate rotating shaft 58, thereby The first driving motor 52 drives the first driving gear 57 to rotate, and then drives the first driven gear 56 to rotate, so that the first driven gear 56 drives the screw adjustment sleeve 55, and then drives the screw adjustment rod 54 to move up and down in the screw adjustment sleeve 55 with the cooperation of the thread, and the intermediate rotating shaft 58 is connected by two rotating shafts through the connecting rod, and the two rotating shafts pass through one end of the screw adjustment rod 54 and the connecting rod 34 respectively, so that when the screw adjustment rod 54 moves up and down, the connecting rod 34 is driven to move through the intermediate rotating shaft 58, so that the light collecting plate 1 can be rotated around the vertical bracket axis 4, thereby realizing the adjustment of the pitch angle of the light collecting plate 1.

[0063] The horizontal rotation assembly 6 includes a second driving motor 61 .

[0064] Among them, the second driving motor 61 is set on the concrete pile foundation 2 through a bracket, and a second driving gear 62 is set on the output shaft of the second driving motor 61. The second driving gear 62 is connected to the second driven gear 64 on the vertical bracket shaft 4 through a chain 63. The second driving motor 61 drives the second driving gear 62 to rotate, and the second driven gear 64 is rotated under the action of the chain 63, thereby driving the vertical bracket shaft 4 to rotate relative to the concrete pile foundation 2, thereby realizing the adjustment of the horizontal angle of the light collecting plate 1.

[0065] Example 3

[0066] refer to Figure 9-10, is a schematic structural diagram of an open channel ice melting device based on a light collector and optical fiber in this embodiment. Based on Example 1, this embodiment provides a further solution for an ice-melting float 9, the purpose of which is to receive conducted sunlight and perform light-to-heat conversion. The specific structure of the ice-melting float 9 in this embodiment will be described in detail below.

[0067] The ice-melting float 9 includes a heat-conducting shell 91 .

[0068] Among them, the heat-conducting shell 91 is a hollow cylindrical shape. The hollowness is used to generate buoyancy and the buoyancy is greater than the gravity of the ice-melting float 9 to prevent the ice-melting float 9 from sinking on the water surface of the open channel. Its head is a 58° pointed angle shape and the tail is hemispherical. An interface is provided at the head of the heat-conducting shell 91 for connecting with the optical fiber bundle 8. A photothermal energy conversion coating 92 is provided on the hollow inner wall of the heat-conducting shell 91, and a heat-absorbing radiation layer 93 is provided on the outer wall of the heat-conducting shell 91. After the optical fiber bundle 8 is inserted into the head of the heat-conducting shell 91 (the specific connection method is the same as the connection method between the collector 7 and the optical fiber bundle 8, which will not be repeated here), the tail of the optical fiber bundle 8 irradiates the sunlight through the free scattering angle of 58° on the black photothermal energy conversion coating 92 on the hollow inner wall of the heat-conducting shell 91, and converts all the light energy into heat energy. The heat energy passes through the metal heat-conducting shell 91 on the outside of the black photothermal energy conversion coating 92, and continues to transfer the heat to the outer layer and exchange heat with the outside through the heat-absorbing radiation layer 93. The heat-absorbing radiation layer 93 is a high heat-absorbing radiation black fish-scale surface PVC material coating material, and the high heat-absorbing radiation black fish-scale surface PVC material coating material can also absorb heat under the direct action of sunlight to prevent the surface from freezing.

[0069] refer to Figure 8 To prevent bending and protect the optical fiber bundle 8, a single optical fiber is constructed in a multi-layer structure. From the inside out, the single optical fiber is made of three materials: high-transmittance plastic fiber / high-transmittance glass fiber, a copper protective layer, and a high-temperature-resistant asbestos insulation layer and a high-temperature rubber protective layer. High-transmittance plastic / glass fiber refers to a plastic / glass optical fiber bundle with a diameter of less than 3mm. The copper protective layer prevents excessive bending of the optical fiber and absorbs and transfers heat radiated from the optical fiber bundle. The high-temperature-resistant asbestos insulation layer and the high-temperature rubber protective layer extend the service life of the optical fiber and prevent bending.

[0070] Specifically, a connecting fixture 94 is provided at one end of the heat-conducting housing 91 , and the connecting fixture 94 is connected to a wire rope winder 96 on the open channel dam via a wire rope 95 .

[0071] In this embodiment, in order to ensure that the heat exchange position of the ice-melting float 9 is always at the intersection of the open channel lining and the water surface and to protect the safety of the optical fiber bundle 8, a connecting fixture 94 is provided at the head of the heat-conducting housing 91. The connecting fixture 94 can be a circular ring fixed to the heat-conducting housing 91, and the circular ring is connected to the wire rope 95 of the wire rope winder 96. The wire rope winder 96 is fixedly placed on the open channel embankment. Thus, the ice-melting float 9 is pulled by the wire rope winder 96, so that the heat exchange position of the ice-melting float 9 is always at the intersection of the open channel lining and the water surface and the safety of the optical fiber is protected. Among them, the wire rope winder 96 can be a spring-driven automatic wire storage box, and a wire pulley can be provided at the contact point between the wire rope 95 and the open channel lining to reduce its contact resistance. The wire rope winder 96 can achieve the purpose of automatically rewinding the retractable wire rope. Its structure is based on a torsion spring winding mechanism. A spring-driven automatic wire retractor reels a predetermined length of wire rope 95 into a retractable container. The retraction and expansion of the wire rope 95 is controlled by the torque of the torsion spring, ensuring that the ice-melting float 9 remains perfectly afloat on the water surface. The PULLBOX P023 automatic retractable wire retractor is available. The wire is made of 304 stainless steel, and the retractor housing is made of ABS plastic. The wire retraction tension, wire length, and wire diameter can be determined based on actual open channel flow conditions.

[0072] Example 4

[0073] refer to Figure 1 , Figure 11-13 , is a structural schematic diagram of an open channel ice melting device based on a light collector and optical fiber in this embodiment. Based on Example 1, this embodiment provides a further solution of the light tracking component 10, the purpose of which is to track the angle of the sun and ensure that the light collecting plate and the sunlight always maintain a vertical irradiation relationship. The specific structure of the light tracking component 10 in this embodiment will be described in detail below.

[0074] The light tracking component 10 is disposed on the light collecting plate 1 .

[0075] Specifically, the light tracking assembly 10 includes a light-shielding tube base 101 arranged on the second flange 13, a light-shielding tube 102 is arranged on the light-shielding tube base 101, and a light inlet 103 is opened at the center of the upper surface of the light-shielding tube 102; 8 light angle tracking sensors 104 are evenly and symmetrically distributed in a cross shape at the center of the light-shielding tube base 101 located inside the light-shielding tube 102, and a light intensity radiation sensor 105 is arranged inside the light-shielding tube 102.

[0076] The light intensity radiation sensor 105 is an existing global solar radiation sensor, the specific model of which is SOONSALL / Xunjia, XM8580 RS485 4-20MA 0-5V, with a measurement range of 0-2000W / m2 .

[0077] The light angle tracking sensor 104 is an existing photoresistor, specifically a domestically produced CXD 3mm flat-head transparent borderless PT850B3C photoresistor with a spectral range of 450-1050 nanometers.

[0078] In this embodiment, the light-shielding tube 102 is a square light-shielding tube, which is installed at the center of the light-shielding tube base 101, and the light-shielding tube base 101 is placed on the second flange 13 of one of the photoelectric collecting sub-plates 11. A light intensity radiation sensor 105 and eight light angle tracking sensors 104 are arranged inside the light-shielding tube 102, among which a light intensity radiation sensor 105 is arranged at the top of the light-shielding tube 102 for monitoring the radiation intensity of sunlight.

[0079] Eight illumination angle tracking sensors 104 are evenly and symmetrically distributed in a cross pattern at the center of the sunshade tube base 101. Two pairs of azimuth illumination angle tracking sensors 104 are symmetrically mounted on either side of the base center. They primarily detect the horizontal deflection angle of the sun as it moves from east to west, such as the illumination angle tracking sensors 104 numbered B1, B2, B3, and B4.

[0080] The two pairs of light angle tracking sensors 104 for altitude angles and the two pairs of light angle tracking sensors 104 for azimuth angles are arranged at 90°, and are symmetrically installed on both sides of the center of the sunshade base 101, and are used to detect the apparent altitude of the sun, such as the light angle tracking sensors 104 numbered A1, A2, A3, and A4.

[0081] The working principle of the automatic sunlight tracking device is mainly as follows: the horizontal initial azimuth angle and pitch elevation angle of the main optical axis of the light collecting plate 1 are roughly adjusted according to the position of the sun's motion trajectory at that time of the month. On this basis, the angle of the main optical axis of the light collecting plate 1 is adjusted within a small range to obtain the maximum radiation illumination signal on the light intensity radiation sensor 105, thereby obtaining the approximate solar azimuth angle and elevation angle. Sunlight passes through the light inlet 103 reserved at the top of the light-shielding tube 102 and shines on four pairs of eight light angle tracking sensors 104 on the light-shielding tube base 101. When sunlight shines obliquely on the light-shielding tube base 101, the symmetrically distributed pair of light angle tracking sensors 104 will output different electrical signals due to the difference in light intensity. This signal is sent to the host computer or controller, which controls the operation of the first drive motor 52 of the pitch rotation component 5 and the second drive motor 61 of the horizontal rotation component 6, adjusting the horizontal rotation and pitch angle of the light collecting plate 1 until the main optical axis of the light collecting plate 1 is precisely aligned with the sun.

[0082] Although the specific embodiments of the invention are described in detail in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, this should not be construed as limiting the scope of protection of this patent. Within the scope described by the claims, various modifications and variations that can be made by those skilled in the art without creative work still fall within the scope of protection of this patent.

Claims

1. An open channel ice melting device based on a light collector and optical fiber, characterized by: It comprises a light collecting plate (1) and a concrete pile foundation (2) arranged on an open channel dam; The light collecting plate (1) is rotatably mounted on a vertical support shaft (4) via a rotating support (3); a pitch rotation assembly (5) acting on the light collecting plate (1) is mounted on the vertical support shaft (4); the vertical support shaft (4) is rotatably mounted on a concrete pile foundation (2) via a bearing, and a horizontal rotation assembly (6) acting on the vertical support shaft (4) is mounted on the concrete pile foundation (2); A light collector (7) is provided on the light collecting plate (1), and the light collector (7) is connected to an ice melting floating body (9) on the water surface of the open channel via an optical fiber bundle (8); The light collecting plate (1) comprises a plurality of light collecting sub-plates (11), and the splicing sides of the light collecting sub-plates (11) are all turned over and provided with first flanges (12); the plurality of light collecting sub-plates (11) are assembled into a light collecting plate (1) in a ring shape by passing bolts through the reserved holes on the first flanges (12) on the adjacent light collecting sub-plates (11); The rotating support (3) comprises a support ring (31), a connecting plate (32) is provided on the support ring (31), and the support ring (31) and the light collecting plate (1) are connected by bolts passing through the connecting plate (32) and the first flange (12); A rotating shaft (33) is provided under the support ring (31) via a connecting rod, and the rotating shaft passes through the top end of the vertical support shaft (4) to rotatably connect the support ring (31) and the vertical support shaft (4); The pitch rotation assembly (5) includes a first drive motor (52) and a transmission housing (53) arranged on the vertical support shaft (4) through a fixed support (51); a screw adjustment rod (54) is provided through the transmission housing (53); a screw adjustment sleeve (55) is provided on the screw adjustment rod (54) located in the transmission housing (53) through a thread; a first driven gear (56) is sleeved on the screw adjustment sleeve (55); a first driving gear (57) is provided on the end of the output shaft of the first drive motor (52) extending into the transmission housing (53); the first driving gear (57) and the first driven gear (56) are meshed; The top end of the screw adjustment rod (54) is rotatably connected to the connecting rod (34) on the rotating support (3) via an intermediate rotating shaft (58); The ice-melting float (9) includes a heat-conducting shell (91) connected to the optical fiber bundle (8), the interior of the heat-conducting shell (91) is hollow, and a photothermal energy conversion coating (92) is provided on the inner wall of the hollow, and a heat-absorbing radiation layer (93) is provided on the outer wall of the heat-conducting shell (91); The light collector (7) is mounted above the light collecting plate (1) via a light collecting bracket; the light collecting bracket comprises a plurality of light collector fixing rods (71), one end of each of the plurality of light collector fixing rods (71) is mounted on the second flange (13) of the light collecting plate (1), the other ends of the plurality of light collector fixing rods (71) are connected to a light collector fixing ring (72) in a ring shape, and the light collector (7) is mounted in the light collector fixing ring (72).

2. The open channel ice melting device based on a light collector and optical fiber according to claim 1, characterized in that: The horizontal rotation assembly (6) includes a second drive motor (61) mounted on the concrete pile foundation (2) via a bracket, a second driving gear (62) being mounted on the output shaft of the second drive motor (61), and the second driving gear (62) being connected to a second driven gear (64) on the vertical bracket shaft (4) via a chain (63).

3. The open channel ice melting device based on a light collector and optical fiber according to claim 1, characterized in that: One end of the heat-conducting housing (91) is provided with a connecting fixture (94), and the connecting fixture (94) is connected to a steel wire rope reel (96) on the open channel dam via a steel wire rope (95).

4. The open channel ice melting device based on a light collector and optical fiber according to claim 1, characterized in that: A light tracking assembly (10) is provided on the light collecting plate (1); the light tracking assembly (10) comprises a light shielding tube base (101) provided on the second flange (13); a light shielding tube (102) is provided on the light shielding tube base (101); a light inlet (103) is provided at the center of the upper surface of the light shielding tube (102); Eight light angle tracking sensors (104) are evenly and symmetrically distributed in a cross shape at the center of a light shielding tube base (101) located in the light shielding tube (102), and a light intensity radiation sensor (105) is provided in the light shielding tube (102).

5. The open channel ice melting device based on a light collector and optical fiber according to claim 1, characterized in that: A transparent dust cover (14) is provided on the light collecting plate (1).

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