Soil sampling and analysis method and sampler applied to Dahurian larch forest

Abstract

The invention belongs to the field of measurement and testing technology, and specifically relates to a soil sampling and analysis method and a sampler applied to a Dahurian larch forest. The soil sampling and analysis method comprises: pre-processing the surface of the soil to be sampled and setting up a sampler; controlling a driver to drive the sampler to uniformly insert the soil to be sampled; acquiring driving current data of the driver in real time, and analyzing the acquired driving current data to obtain abrupt change points; analyzing the abrupt change points to stratify the sampled soil, and marking the position of the abnormal layer. The soil sampling and analysis method adopts a current sensor to acquire driving current data of the driver in real time when the driver is working, and utilizes the characteristics that different types of soils exert different resistances on the sampler, and then analyzes the driving current data acquired in real time to determine the number of stratifications of the collected soil samples, and can timely reflect the soil conditions to be sampled, so as to facilitate the analysis of the soil conditions.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the field of measurement and testing technology, and specifically relates to testing or analyzing materials by means of determining the chemical or physical properties of the materials, and more particularly to a soil sampling and analysis method and a sampler applied to a Dahurian larch forest. Background Art

[0002] The soil of the Dahurian larch forest formed different hierarchical structures due to the influence of different factors during its formation process.

[0003] In the related art, during the soil sampling process, various types of soil will be passed through. In order to analyze the sampled soil, the soil samples need to be taken out from the sampler, and then the soil samples at each depth need to be identified and layered, and then the thickness of each layer of soil is calculated. These data cannot be obtained immediately and need to be obtained through experimental analysis later.

[0004] Therefore, how to timely obtain the number of layers and thickness of each layer of the collected soil samples during the soil sampling process is a technical problem that technical personnel in this field urgently need to solve.

[0005] It should be noted that the above information disclosed in this background technology section is only used to understand the background technology of the present application concept, and therefore, the above description is not considered to constitute information of the prior art. Summary of the invention

[0006] The embodiments of the present disclosure at least provide a soil sampling and analysis method and a sampler applied to a Dahurian larch forest.

[0007] In the first aspect, the embodiments of the present disclosure provide a soil sampling and analysis method applied to a Dahurian larch forest, which includes: pre-treating the surface of the soil to be sampled and setting up a sampler; controlling a driver to drive the sampler to insert the soil to be sampled at a uniform speed; acquiring the driving current data of the driver in real time, and analyzing the acquired driving current data to obtain steep change points; analyzing the steep change points to stratify the sampled soil, and marking the position of the abnormal layer.

[0008] In an optional implementation manner, the method of acquiring the driving current data of the driver in real time and analyzing the acquired driving current data to acquire the abrupt change point includes:

[0009] Obtain the drive current data of the driver in real time through the current sensor I ( t ), and the drive current data to be acquired I ( t ) is derived to obtain the rate of change of the drive current I '( t );

[0010] I '( t )= dI ( t ) / dt ;

[0011] When | I '( t )|≤ K When 1, it indicates that the point is not a steep change point;

[0012] when K 1<| I '( t )|< K 2, indicating that the point is a slow steep change point;

[0013] When | I '( t )|≥ K 2, indicating that the point is a significant steep change point;

[0014] in, K 1 is the maximum value of the rate of change of the driver driving current when the sampler is located in the layer, which is determined based on experience; K 2 is the minimum value of the rate of change of the driver driving current when the sampler is located at the adjacent layer, which is determined based on experience.

[0015] In an optional embodiment, the method of analyzing steep change points to stratify the sampled soil and mark the position of abnormal layers includes: stratifying the sampled soil through each significant steep change point and obtaining the thickness of each layer; analyzing the slow steep change points in each layer to determine whether it is an abnormal layer, and obtaining the thickness of the abnormal layer.

[0016] In an optional embodiment, the method of stratifying the sampled soil by each significant steep change point and obtaining the thickness of each layer includes:

[0017] Get the speed at which the sampler is inserted into the sampled soil at a constant speed v ;

[0018] Get the time point of each significant steep change point T n ;

[0019] No. n The thickness of the layer is H n , in meters, and H n = v ×( T n+1 - T n );

[0020] in, T n For the n The time point when the layer starts, in seconds; T n+1 For the n The time point when the layer ends, in seconds; v is the insertion speed of the sampler in meters per second 。

[0021] In an optional implementation, a method for analyzing the slow steep change points in each layer to determine whether it is an abnormal layer and obtaining the thickness of the abnormal layer includes:

[0022] According to the duration of the slow steep change point ΔQ Determine whether it is an abnormal layer and obtain thickness data of the abnormal layer;

[0023] when ΔQ > P When , it indicates that the soil in this section is an abnormal layer;

[0024] The thickness of the abnormal layer is L Q , in meters, and L Q = v × ΔQ ;

[0025] in, P The sampler speed is determined empirically. v The maximum time required to pass through a general foreign object, in seconds.

[0026] In an optional embodiment, the soil sampling and analysis method further comprises: calculating the actual thickness of each layer, that is,

[0027] When there is no transition layer, H n = v ×( T n+1 - T n );

[0028] When there is a transition layer, H n = v ×( T n+1 - T n )- L Q .

[0029] In an optional embodiment, the soil sampling and analysis method further comprises: obtaining the actual number of layers of the sampled soil, i.e.

[0030] Total number of layers Y = n +Number of abnormal layers.

[0031] In a second aspect, an embodiment of the present disclosure also provides a sampler that adopts the soil sampling and analysis method as described above, comprising: a bracket on which a sampling mechanism is disposed; a driver; a current sensor; and a processor that is electrically connected to the current sensor and the driver; wherein the processor is configured to perform the operations of the soil sampling and analysis method as described above.

[0032] In an optional embodiment, the sampling mechanism includes: a protective sleeve and a sampling sleeve; the protective sleeve guides the lifting and lowering of the sampling sleeve; and the driver is used to drive the sampling sleeve to move along the protective sleeve.

[0033] In a third aspect, the embodiments of the present disclosure further provide a storage medium storing readable instructions, which, when executed by at least one processor, enables the soil sampling and analysis method as described above to be executed.

[0034] The beneficial effect of the present invention is that the soil sampling and analysis method adopts a current sensor to obtain the driving current data of the driver in real time when it is working, and utilizes the characteristics that different types of soils exert different resistances on the sampler, and then analyzes the driving current data obtained in real time to determine the actual stratification of the collected soil samples; compared with the existing method that requires the collected soil samples to be taken out of the sampler, and then the soil samples at each depth are type-identified and stratified, the soil sampling and analysis method can timely reflect the soil conditions to be sampled, so as to facilitate the analysis of the soil conditions.

[0035] Other features and advantages of the present invention will be described in the following description, and partly become apparent from the description, or understood by practicing the present invention. The purpose and other advantages of the present invention are realized and obtained by the structures particularly pointed out in the description, claims and drawings.

[0036] In order to make the above-mentioned objects, features and advantages of the present invention more obvious and easy to understand, this article specifically cites preferred embodiments and provides detailed descriptions as follows in conjunction with the attached drawings. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0037] In order to more clearly illustrate the specific implementation methods of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings required for use in the specific implementation methods or the description of the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are some implementation methods of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying creative work.

[0038] Figure 1 A flow chart of a soil sampling and analysis method provided in an embodiment of the present disclosure;

[0039] Figure 2 A schematic diagram of the structure of a sampler provided in an embodiment of the present disclosure;

[0040] Figure 3 An icon of the rate of change of a driving current provided in an embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0041] In the figure:

[0042] Bracket 1, sampling mechanism 2, protective tube 21, sampling tube 22, driver 3. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0043] In order to make the purpose, technical solution and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solution of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0044] It should be noted that similar reference numerals and letters represent similar items in the following drawings, so once an item is defined in one drawing, it does not need to be further defined and explained in the subsequent drawings. In addition, in the drawings, the thickness of the components may be exaggerated or reduced in order to effectively describe the technical content.

[0045] Some embodiments of the present invention are described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. In the absence of conflict, the following embodiments and features in the embodiments can be combined with each other.

[0046] like Figure 1 As shown, at least one embodiment provides a soil sampling and analysis method applied to the Dahurian larch forest, which includes: pre-treating the soil surface to be sampled and setting up a sampler; controlling the driver to drive the sampler to insert the soil to be sampled at a uniform speed; acquiring the driving current data of the driver in real time, and analyzing the acquired driving current data to obtain steep change points; analyzing the steep change points to stratify the sampled soil, and marking the position of the abnormal layer.

[0047] In this embodiment, a current sensor is used to obtain real-time driving current data of the driver when it is working, and the different resistances exerted on the sampler by different types of soil are utilized to analyze the driving current data obtained in real time to determine the actual stratification of the collected soil samples. Compared with the existing method that requires the collected soil samples to be taken out of the sampler and then the soil samples at each depth are type-identified and stratified, this soil sampling and analysis method can promptly reflect the soil conditions to be sampled, so as to facilitate the analysis of the soil conditions.

[0048] In some embodiments, the method of acquiring the driving current data of the driver in real time and analyzing the acquired driving current data to acquire the steep change point includes: acquiring the driving current data of the driver in real time through a current sensor I ( t ).

[0049] In this embodiment, the acquired driving current data is a real-time changing data, and the change in the data reflects the obstruction of the sampler in the soil; specifically, when the sampler moves in a layer with a relatively single material, the change in its driving current data is relatively stable, and when it penetrates from a layer with a relatively single material to another layer with a relatively single material, the different materials of the two soil layers lead to different obstruction conditions, so the driving current data will change significantly in an instant, thereby facilitating the stratification of the soil.

[0050] In some embodiments, the method of acquiring the driving current data of the driver in real time and analyzing the acquired driving current data to acquire the steep change point further includes: I ( t ) is derived to obtain the rate of change of the drive current I '( t ).

[0051] In this embodiment, in order to better reflect the change of the driving current data, the driving current data is derived to obtain the change rate of the driving current. I '( t ),Right now I '( t )= dI ( t ) / dt .

[0052] When | I '( t )|≤ K When 1, the rate of change of the driving current is small, indicating that this point is not a steep change point. At this time, the sampler is located in a layer with a relatively simple material.

[0053] when K 1<|I '( t )|< K At 2, this point is a slow steep change point, indicating that the sampler encountered some foreign matter. The material of the foreign matter is different from the soil material it previously contacted, but the hardness is similar.

[0054] When | I '( t )|≥ K At 2, the rate of change of the driving current is very large, indicating that this point is a significant steep change point. At this time, the sampler is penetrating from one soil layer to another.

[0055] in, K 1 is the maximum value of the change rate of the driver driving current when the sampler is located in each layer determined based on experience; K 2 is the minimum value of the rate of change of the driver driving current when the sampler is located at the delamination, which is determined based on experience.

[0056] In some embodiments, the method of analyzing the abrupt change points to stratify the sampled soil and mark the location of the abnormal layer includes: stratifying the sampled soil according to each significant abrupt change point and obtaining the thickness of each layer.

[0057] Specifically, obtain the speed at which the sampler is uniformly inserted into the sampled soil v ; Get the time point of each significant steep change point T n ;No. n The thickness of the layer is H n , in meters, and H n = v ×( T n+1 - T n );in, T n For the n The time point when the layer starts, in seconds; T n+1 For the n The time point when the layer ends, in seconds; v is the insertion speed of the sampler in meters per second 。

[0058] In this embodiment, when the sampler just contacts the soil, a significant steep change point will be generated for the first time. T 1 ,so T 1 for 0 ; The sampling end time is the time point when the last layer ends.

[0059] In some embodiments, the method of analyzing steep change points to stratify sampled soil and mark the position of abnormal layers includes: analyzing slow steep change points in each layer to determine whether it is an abnormal layer, and obtaining the thickness of the abnormal layer.

[0060] Specifically, according to the duration of the slow steep change point ΔQ Determine whether it is an abnormal layer and obtain the thickness data of the abnormal layer; when ΔQ > P When , it indicates that the soil in this section is an abnormal layer; the thickness of the abnormal layer is L Q , in meters, and L Q = v × ΔQ ;in, P The sampler speed is determined empirically. v The maximum time required to pass through a general foreign object, in seconds.

[0061] In this embodiment, when | I '( t )|When it is a slow steep change point, the time point of occurrence will be recorded Q 1 , when | I '( t ) | Record the time point again when it is not a slow steep change point Q 2 , then calculate Δ Q = Q 2 - Q 1 ; Among them, due to the short sensor acquisition cycle, Q 2 Use a time point that is not a slow steep change point.

[0062] In some embodiments, the soil sampling and analysis method further comprises: calculating the actual thickness of each layer, that is,

[0063] When there is no transition layer, H n = v ×( T n+1 - T n );

[0064] When there is a transition layer, H n = v ×( T n+1 - T n )-L Q .

[0065] In some embodiments, the soil sampling and analysis method further comprises: obtaining the actual number of layers of the sampled soil, that is, the total number of layers Y = n +Number of abnormal layers.

[0066] like Figure 3 As shown, in one embodiment, K 1 is 1, K 2 is 5, the sampling length is 1 meter, and the sampler is inserted into the soil to be sampled at a uniform speed. v The sampling time is 20 seconds, and the sampling interval of the current sensor is 0.01 seconds. P 1.8 seconds.

[0067] Specifically, the significant steep change points include: T 1 0 seconds, T 2 6 seconds, T 3 is 11.6 seconds; the slow steep change points include: Q 1 3.0 seconds, Q 2 3.6 seconds, Q 3 9.6 seconds, Q 4 is 11.6 seconds;

[0068] Thickness of the first layer H 1 = 0.05 × (6 -0) = 0.3 m;

[0069] Layer 2 thickness H 2 = 0.05 × (11.6 -6) = 0.28 m;

[0070] Thickness of layer 3 H 3 = 0.05 × (20 -11.6) = 0.42 m;

[0071] 1st time Δ Q = Q 2 - Q 1 =3.6-3=0.6< P , not an abnormal layer;

[0072] 2nd Δ Q = Q 4 - Q 3 =11.6-9.6=2 > P , is the abnormal layer, L Q = 0.05×2=0.1m;

[0073] The actual thickness of each layer is:

[0074] Thickness of the first layer H 1 = 0.05 × (6 -0) = 0.3 m;

[0075] Layer 2 thickness H 2 = 0.05 × (11.6 -6) -0.1 = 0.18 m;

[0076] Thickness of layer 3 H 3 = 0.05 × (20 -11.6) = 0.42 m;

[0077] Actual number of layers of soil sampled Y =3+1=4.

[0078] like Figure 2 As shown, at least one embodiment also provides a sampler using a soil sampling and analysis method, which includes: a bracket 1, on which a sampling mechanism 2 is arranged; a driver 3; a current sensor; and a processor, which is electrically connected to the current sensor and the driver 3; wherein the processor is configured to perform the operations of the soil sampling and analysis method as described above.

[0079] In some embodiments, the sampling mechanism 2 includes: a protective tube 21 and a sampling tube 22 ; the protective tube 21 guides the lifting and lowering of the sampling tube 22 ; and the driver 3 is used to drive the sampling tube 22 to move along the protective tube 21 .

[0080] For the specific implementation process of the soil sampling and analysis method, please refer to the relevant discussion in the above embodiments, which will not be repeated here.

[0081] At least one embodiment further provides a storage medium storing readable instructions, which, when executed by at least one processor, enables the soil sampling and analysis method described above to be performed.

[0082] In summary, the soil sampling and analysis method uses a current sensor to obtain real-time driving current data of the driver when it is working, and uses the characteristics of different types of soil that exert different resistances on the sampler, and then analyzes the real-time driving current data to determine the actual stratification of the collected soil samples; compared with the existing method that requires the collected soil samples to be taken out of the sampler, and then the soil samples at each depth are type-identified and stratified, the soil sampling and analysis method can promptly reflect the soil conditions to be sampled, so as to facilitate the analysis of the soil conditions.

[0083] Herein, when it is mentioned that a first component is located on a second component, this may mean that the first component may be directly formed on the second component, or a third component may be interposed between the first component and the second component.

[0084] In this article, when an element or layer is referred to as being "located on," "engaged to," "connected to," "attached to," or "coupled to" another element or layer, it may be directly located on, engaged, connected, attached to, or coupled to another element or layer, or there may be intermediate elements or layers. In contrast, when an element is referred to as being "directly on," "directly engaged to," "directly connected to," "directly attached to," or "directly coupled to" another element or layer, there may be no intermediate elements or layers. Other words used to describe the relationship between elements should be interpreted in a similar manner (e.g., "between" versus "directly between," "adjacent" versus "directly adjacent," etc.). As used herein, the term "and / or" includes any and all combinations of one or more of the associated listed items.

[0085] Herein, example embodiments of the present disclosure will be described in more detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. As used herein, expressions such as "at least one of" when following a list of elements modify the entire list of elements rather than modifying the individual elements in the list. For example, the expression " a , b and c At least one of the following should be understood to include only a ,only b ,only c , a and b Both, a and c Both, b and c Both, or a , b and c All in.

[0086] The terms used herein are only used to describe specific exemplary configurations and are not intended to be limited. As used herein, the singular articles "one", "an" and "the" may also be intended to include plural forms, unless it is clearly indicated above that this is not the case. The terms "comprise", "include" and "have" are inclusive, and therefore specify the presence of features, steps, operations, elements and / or components, but do not exclude the presence or addition of one or more other features, steps, operations, elements, components and / or combinations thereof. The method steps, processes and operations described herein should not be interpreted as necessarily requiring them to be performed in the specific order discussed or shown, unless specifically identified as an execution order. Additional or alternative steps may be adopted.

[0087] As used herein, the phrases "in one embodiment," "according to one embodiment," "in some embodiments," and the like generally refer to the fact that the particular feature, structure, or characteristic following the phrase may be included in at least one embodiment of the present disclosure. Therefore, a particular feature, structure, or characteristic may be included in more than one embodiment of the present disclosure, so that these phrases do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment. As used herein, the terms "example," "exemplary," and the like are used to "serve as an example, instance, or illustration." Any implementation, aspect, or design described herein as "example" or "exemplary" is not necessarily to be construed as preferred or superior to other implementations, aspects, or designs. On the contrary, the use of the terms "example," "exemplary," and the like is intended to present concepts in a concrete manner.

[0088] In the description of the embodiments of the present invention, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, the terms "installed", "connected", and "connected" should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium, or it can be the internal communication of two components. For ordinary technicians in this field, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood according to specific circumstances.

[0089] In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that the orientation or positional relationship indicated by the terms "center", "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "inside", "outside", etc. is based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, which is only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as a limitation of the present invention. In addition, terms such as "first", "second" and other numerical terms do not imply an order or sequence when used in this document unless explicitly indicated above. Therefore, without departing from the teachings of the example embodiments, the first element, component, region, layer or section discussed above may be referred to as a second element, component, region, layer or section.

[0090] Spatially relative terms, such as "inside", "outside", "below", "below", "down", "above", "on", etc., may be used herein to facilitate description of the relationship of one element or feature to another element or feature as illustrated in the figure. In addition to the orientation depicted in the figure, spatially relative terms may be intended to cover different orientations of the device in use or operation. For example, if the device in the figure is turned over, the elements described as "below" or "below" other elements or features will be oriented to be "above" other elements or features. Therefore, the example term "below" can cover the orientation above and below. The device can be oriented in other ways (rotated 90 degrees or in other orientations), and the spatially relative descriptors used herein are interpreted accordingly.

[0091] In the above discussion, unless otherwise stated, the terms "about," "approximately," "substantially," etc., when used to describe a numerical value, mean a variation of + / - 10% of the value.

[0092] Based on the above ideal embodiments of the present invention, the relevant staff can make various changes and modifications without departing from the technical concept of the present invention through the above description. The technical scope of the present invention is not limited to the contents of the specification, and its technical scope must be determined according to the scope of the claims.

Claims

1. A soil sampling and analysis method applied to Dahurian larch forest, characterized in that: include: Pre-treat the soil surface to be sampled and set up the sampler; The control driver drives the sampler to be inserted into the soil to be sampled at a uniform speed; Acquire driving current data of the driver in real time, and analyze the acquired driving current data to obtain abrupt change points; The steep change points are analyzed to stratify the sampled soil and mark the locations of abnormal layers; The method of acquiring the driving current data of the driver in real time and analyzing the acquired driving current data to acquire the steep change point includes: Obtain the drive current data of the driver in real time through the current sensor I ( t ), and the drive current data to be acquired I ( t ) is derived to obtain the rate of change of the drive current I '( t ); I '（ t ）= dI （ t ） / dt ； When | I '( t )|≤ K When 1, it indicates that the point is not a steep change point; when K 1<| I '( t )|< K 2, indicating that the point is a slow steep change point; When | I '( t )|≥ K 2, indicating that the point is a significant steep change point; in, K 1 is the maximum value of the rate of change of the driver driving current when the sampler is located in the layer, which is determined based on experience; K 2 is the minimum value of the rate of change of the driver driving current when the sampler is located at the adjacent layer, which is determined based on experience; The method of analyzing the steep change points to stratify the sampled soil and mark the abnormal layer positions includes: The sampled soil is layered according to each significant steep change point, and the thickness of each layer is obtained; Analyze the slow steep change points in each layer to determine whether it is an abnormal layer and obtain the thickness of the abnormal layer; The method of analyzing the slow steep change points in each layer to determine whether it is an abnormal layer and obtaining the thickness of the abnormal layer includes: According to the duration of the slow steep change point ΔQ Determine whether it is an abnormal layer and obtain thickness data of the abnormal layer; when ΔQ >P When , it indicates that the soil in this section is an abnormal layer; The thickness of the abnormal layer is L Q , in meters, and L Q = v × ΔQ ; in, P The sampler speed is determined empirically. v The maximum time required to pass through a general foreign object, in seconds.

2. The soil sampling and analysis method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The method of stratifying the sampled soil by each significant steep change point and obtaining the thickness of each layer includes: Get the speed at which the sampler is inserted into the sampled soil at a constant speed v ; Get the time point of each significant steep change point T n ; No. n The thickness of the layer is H n , in meters, and H n = v ×( T n+1 - T n ); in, T n For the n The time point when the layer starts, in seconds; T n+1 For the n The time point when the layer ends, in seconds; v is the insertion speed of the sampler in meters per second 。 3. The soil sampling and analysis method according to claim 2, characterized in that: Also includes: Calculate the actual thickness of each layer, that is, When there is no transition layer, H n = v ×( T n+1 - T n ); When there is a transition layer, H n = v ×( T n+1 - T n )- L Q .

4. The soil sampling and analysis method according to claim 3, characterized in that: Also includes: The actual number of layers of sampled soil is obtained, i.e. Total number of layers Y = n +Number of abnormal layers.

5. A sampler using the soil sampling and analysis method according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that: include: A support (1) having a sampling mechanism (2) disposed thereon; Driver (3); Current sensor; as well as The processor is electrically connected to the current sensor and the driver (3); wherein The processor is configured to execute the operations of the soil sampling and analysis method according to any one of claims 1-4.

6. The sampler according to claim 5, characterized in that The sampling mechanism (2) comprises: a protective tube (21) and a sampling tube (22); The protective tube (21) guides the lifting and lowering of the sampling tube (22); The driver (3) is used to drive the sampling tube (22) to move along the protective tube (21).

7. A storage medium, characterized in that: The device stores readable instructions, which, when executed by at least one processor, enable the soil sampling and analysis method according to any one of claims 1 to 4 to be performed.

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