A mechanical properties testing system for use in cryogenic environments

Abstract

The present invention relates to the technical field of mechanical property testing systems, and in particular to a mechanical property testing system used in a cryogenic environment. Its technical solution includes: a microcomputer-controlled electronic universal testing machine, and also includes: a rotary adjustment component installed on the microcomputer-controlled electronic universal testing machine, a lifting adjustment component installed on the rotary adjustment component, and a liquid nitrogen container fixedly installed on the lifting adjustment component. This comprehensive testing system has the ability to detect the mechanical properties of materials in any temperature environment within a wide temperature range from a low temperature environment of ‑196°C to a high temperature environment of +300°C. In addition to meeting conventional temperature detection tasks, it can also solve key problems such as: material simulation for use in extreme environments, material performance evaluation in a cryogenic environment, and expansion or change of material defects in an ultra-low temperature environment, saving time and cost, improving experimental accuracy, and making the test process safe, environmentally friendly and reliable.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of mechanical property detection systems, and in particular to a mechanical property detection system applied in a cryogenic environment. Background Art

[0002] At present, the application of mechanical properties testing equipment in room temperature environment has been very widespread and mature, and there are many laboratories with the ability to test mechanical properties in -195℃ ~ +300℃ environment. However, the technology for mechanical properties testing in deep cold environment ~ +300℃ high temperature environment is basically mastered by a few scientific research institutes, and the testing cycle is relatively long.

[0003] The conventional temperature environment mechanical properties testing system is equipped with a high and low temperature test environment box, which is connected to the liquid nitrogen tank through a stainless steel hose with a solenoid valve. Through liquid nitrogen refrigeration, the sample to be tested clamped in the environment box is placed in a specified temperature testing environment. The temperature is automatically controlled by the temperature control system of the environment box, and the microcomputer-controlled electronic universal testing machine is used to achieve material mechanical properties testing in the temperature range of -195℃ to +300℃. However, when cooling the sample to be tested, the efficiency is low, and it cannot solve key problems such as material simulation of extreme environment use, material performance evaluation under deep cold environment conditions, and the expansion or change of material defects in ultra-low temperature environments. It is not conducive to saving time and cost and improving experimental accuracy. Summary of the invention

[0004] The purpose of the present invention is to address the problems existing in the background technology and to propose a mechanical property detection system applied in a cryogenic environment.

[0005] The technical solution of the present invention is a mechanical property testing system used in a cryogenic environment, comprising a microcomputer-controlled electronic universal testing machine, and further comprising:

[0006] A rotation adjustment component installed on the microcomputer-controlled electronic universal testing machine, wherein a lifting adjustment component is installed on the rotation adjustment component to drive the lifting adjustment component to move horizontally, and a liquid nitrogen container is fixedly installed on the lifting adjustment component to drive the liquid nitrogen container to move vertically;

[0007] A reaction force bracket is arranged on a microcomputer-controlled electronic universal testing machine, and a connector for connecting with a clamp is installed at the bottom of the reaction force bracket.

[0008] Optionally, the rotation adjustment assembly includes a first motor fixedly mounted on a microcomputer-controlled electronic universal testing machine, a rotating rod rotatably mounted on the microcomputer-controlled electronic universal testing machine, the rotating rod being coaxially fixedly connected to the output shaft of the first motor, two connecting rods being fixedly mounted on the rotating rod, a tray being fixedly mounted on the connecting rod located on the lower side, and a plurality of reinforcing rods being fixedly mounted between the two connecting rods.

[0009] Optionally, the lifting and adjusting assembly includes two sliding rods fixedly mounted on a tray, a slider is slidably mounted on the sliding rods, the liquid nitrogen container is fixedly mounted on the two sliders, a cylinder is fixedly mounted on the tray, and an output shaft of the cylinder is fixedly connected to one of the sliders.

[0010] Optionally, a sealing head is fixedly installed on the microcomputer-controlled electronic universal testing machine, and the sealing head seals the opening of the liquid nitrogen container, and the connecting head is fixedly installed on the sealing head.

[0011] Optionally, the sealing head includes a column fixedly mounted on a microcomputer-controlled electronic universal testing machine, the column is provided with a mounting groove, sealing grooves are provided on the upper and lower sides of the mounting groove, the sealing groove is connected to the mounting groove, and flexible sealing rings are fixedly mounted on the sealing groove and the mounting groove.

[0012] Optionally, a cavity is provided in the column, and a contraction mechanism and a pressure equalization mechanism are installed in the cavity. The contraction mechanism drives the flexible sealing ring to move toward or away from the cavity, and the pressure equalization mechanism uniformly applies outward expansion pressure to the flexible sealing ring.

[0013] Optionally, the contraction mechanism includes a driving ring rotatably mounted in the cavity, a first connecting rod is rotatably mounted on the driving ring, a plurality of driving rods are slidably mounted on the column, the driving rods penetrate one side of the column and extend into the mounting groove, the driving rods are rotatably connected to the first connecting rod, a connecting plate is fixedly mounted on the driving rod, and the connecting plate is fixedly connected to the flexible sealing ring;

[0014] A first gear is fixedly mounted on the driving ring, a second gear is rotatably mounted in the cavity, a second motor is fixedly mounted in the cavity, an output shaft of the second motor is coaxially fixedly connected to the second gear, and the first gear and the second gear are meshed with each other.

[0015] Optionally, a plurality of grooves are provided in the flexible sealing ring, and the grooves correspond to the connecting plates one by one and are fixedly connected thereto.

[0016] Optionally, the pressure equalizing mechanism includes a support plate slidably installed in the cavity, a plurality of second connecting rods are rotatably installed on the support plate, a plurality of oil ports are provided on the column, the oil ports connect the cavity and the mounting groove, an oil tank is fixedly installed on the oil port, a pressure plate is slidably installed in the oil tank, the pressure plate is rotatably connected to the second connecting rod, hydraulic oil is provided in the oil tank, the hydraulic oil is located on a side of the pressure plate close to the mounting groove, two push rod motors are fixedly installed in the cavity, and the output shaft of the push rod motor is fixedly connected to the support plate.

[0017] Optionally, a sealing ring is fixedly mounted on the pressing plate, and the sealing ring seals the gap between the pressing plate and the oil tank.

[0018] In summary, the present application includes at least one of the following beneficial technical effects:

[0019] The mechanical properties testing system of the present invention has the ability to test the mechanical properties of materials in any temperature environment within a wide temperature range from -196°C low temperature environment to +300°C high temperature environment, in addition to meeting conventional temperature testing tasks;

[0020] It can also further solve key problems such as simulating the use of materials in extreme environments, evaluating material performance in deep cold environments, and the expansion or change of material defects in ultra-low temperature environments, saving time and costs, improving experimental accuracy, and making the test process safe, environmentally friendly and reliable. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0021] Figure 1 The structural schematic diagram of the mechanical properties detection system of the present invention is given as follows: Figure 1 ;

[0022] Figure 2 The structural schematic diagram of the mechanical properties detection system of the present invention is given as follows: Figure 2 ;

[0023] Figure 3 The structural schematic diagram of the mechanical properties detection system of the present invention is given as follows: Figure 3 ;

[0024] Figure 4 It is a structural schematic diagram of the column and the sealing groove of the present invention;

[0025] Figure 5 is an internal cross-sectional view of the column of the present invention;

[0026] Figure 6 It is a schematic diagram of the positions of the contraction mechanism and the pressure equalization mechanism of the present invention;

[0027] Figure 7 It is a structural schematic diagram of the contraction mechanism of the present invention;

[0028] Figure 8 The structure diagram of the pressure equalizing mechanism of the present invention is shown in FIG. Figure 1 ;

[0029] Fig. 9 The structure diagram of the pressure equalizing mechanism of the present invention is shown in FIG. Figure 2 ;

[0030] Fig.10 It is a schematic diagram of the position of the sealing ring of the present invention.

[0031] Reference numerals: 1. microcomputer-controlled electronic universal testing machine; 2. rotation adjustment assembly; 201. first motor; 202. rotating rod; 203. connecting rod; 204. tray; 205. reinforcing rod; 3. lifting adjustment assembly; 301. sliding rod; 302. sliding block; 303. cylinder; 4. liquid nitrogen container; 5. reaction force bracket; 6. connecting head; 7. sealing head; 701. column; 702. mounting groove; 703. sealing groove; 704, flexible sealing ring; 705, cavity; 8, contraction mechanism; 801, drive ring; 802, first connecting rod; 803, drive rod; 804, connecting plate; 805, groove; 806, first gear; 807, second gear; 808, second motor; 9, pressure equalizing mechanism; 901, support plate; 902, second connecting rod; 903, oil tank; 904, pressure plate; 905, sealing ring; 906, push rod motor. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0032] The technical solution of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all of the embodiments.

[0033] The components of the embodiments of the present invention generally described and shown in the drawings herein may be arranged and designed in various different configurations. Therefore, the following detailed description of the embodiments of the present invention provided in the drawings is not intended to limit the scope of the claimed invention, but merely represents selected embodiments of the present invention.

[0034] Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in the field without making any creative work shall fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0035] In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that the terms "center", "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "inner", "outer", etc., indicating the orientation or positional relationship, are based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as limiting the present invention. In addition, the terms "first", "second", and "third" are used for descriptive purposes only, and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0036] In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, the terms "installed", "connected", and "connected" should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be a direct connection, or it can be indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, or it can be the internal communication of two components. For ordinary technicians in this field, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood according to specific circumstances.

[0037] Embodiment 1, as Figure 1-Figure 3 As shown, the present invention proposes a mechanical property detection system for use in a cryogenic environment, including a microcomputer-controlled electronic universal testing machine 1. The microcomputer-controlled electronic universal testing machine 1 is a high-precision, high-efficiency material testing equipment, mainly used for testing and analyzing the mechanical properties of various materials. The microcomputer-controlled electronic universal testing machine 1 adopts microcomputer control technology, which can realize the automation of the test process, including the setting of test parameters, the collection and processing of data, the output of test results, etc. The microcomputer-controlled electronic universal testing machine 1 is suitable for mechanical property tests such as tension, compression, bending, shearing, and peeling of different materials such as metals, non-metals, and composite materials.

[0038] In this embodiment, a microcomputer-controlled electronic universal testing machine 1 is provided with a rotation adjustment component 2, a lifting adjustment component 3 is provided on the rotation adjustment component 2, and a liquid nitrogen container 4 is fixedly provided on the lifting adjustment component 3. The rotation adjustment component 2 is used to rotate the liquid nitrogen container 4, which is convenient for operation and improves the working efficiency of the laboratory. The lifting adjustment component 3 is used to adjust the height of the liquid nitrogen container 4, so as to facilitate operation and better control the experimental conditions.

[0039] For further information, please refer to Figure 2 The rotation adjustment assembly 2 includes a first motor 201 fixedly mounted on the microcomputer-controlled electronic universal testing machine 1, a rotating rod 202 is rotatably mounted on the microcomputer-controlled electronic universal testing machine 1, the rotating rod 202 is coaxially fixedly connected to the output shaft of the first motor 201, two connecting rods 203 are fixedly mounted on the rotating rod 202, a tray 204 is fixedly mounted on the connecting rod 203 located at the lower side, and a plurality of reinforcing rods 205 are fixedly mounted between the two connecting rods 203. The rotating rod 202 is driven to rotate by the first motor 201, and the rotating rotating rod 202 will drive the connecting rod 203 to rotate, thereby driving the tray 204 to rotate, and then driving the liquid nitrogen container 4 to rotate.

[0040] See also Figure 1The lifting and adjusting assembly 3 includes two slide bars 301 fixedly mounted on the tray 204, a slider 302 is slidably mounted on the slide bars 301, the liquid nitrogen container 4 is fixedly mounted on the two sliders 302, and a cylinder 303 is fixedly mounted on the tray 204, and the output shaft of the cylinder 303 is fixedly connected to one of the sliders 302. The cylinder 303 drives one of the sliders 302 to perform lifting motion, and then the slider 302 drives the liquid nitrogen container 4 fixedly connected thereto to perform lifting motion.

[0041] Furthermore, the microcomputer-controlled electronic universal testing machine 1 also includes a reaction force bracket 5 installed on the microcomputer-controlled electronic universal testing machine 1, and a connector 6 for connecting with a fixture is installed at the bottom of the reaction force bracket 5. The reaction force bracket 5 is a device for bearing and measuring force, and is used in material testing to provide stable support and accurate test results. By replacing different fixtures on the connector 6, mechanical performance tests such as tension, compression, bending, and shear can be completed.

[0042] The working principle of this embodiment is: the first motor 201 drives the rotating rod 202 to rotate, and the rotating rotating rod 202 drives the connecting rod 203 to rotate, and then drives the tray 204 to rotate, and then drives the liquid nitrogen container 4 to rotate. The cylinder 303 drives one of the sliders 302 to move up and down, and then the slider 302 drives the liquid nitrogen container 4 fixedly connected thereto to move up and down. By replacing different clamps on the connector 6, the sample to be tested can be immersed and fixed in the liquid nitrogen container through different clamps, and the required ultra-low temperature environment can be reached and maintained in a relatively short time, and the mechanical properties of materials under deep-cold ambient temperature can be tested in conjunction with the universal testing machine.

[0043] Embodiment 2, as Figure 3-Figure 6 As shown, based on the first embodiment, a sealing head 7 is fixedly installed on the microcomputer-controlled electronic universal testing machine 1, and the opening of the liquid nitrogen container 4 is sealed on the sealing head 7, and the connector 6 is fixedly installed on the sealing head 7. After the fixture on the microcomputer-controlled electronic universal testing machine 1 enters the interior of the liquid nitrogen container 4, the opening of the liquid nitrogen container 4 is blocked by the sealing head 7, which can effectively prevent the liquid nitrogen from evaporating rapidly at room temperature, thereby extending the service life of the liquid nitrogen and reducing the consumption of liquid nitrogen. It is helpful to maintain the low temperature state inside the container, which is very important for workpieces that need to be kept in an ultra-low temperature environment. Blocking the opening of the liquid nitrogen container by the sealing head 7 can prevent external air and other substances from entering the interior of the liquid nitrogen container 4, so as to avoid contamination of the workpiece and also protect the safety of the experimental operator.

[0044] Specifically, the sealing head 7 includes a column 701 fixedly mounted on the microcomputer-controlled electronic universal testing machine 1, a mounting groove 702 is provided on the column 701, and sealing grooves 703 are provided on the upper and lower sides of the mounting groove 702, the sealing groove 703 is connected to the mounting groove 702, and a flexible sealing ring 704 is fixedly mounted on the sealing groove 703 and the mounting groove 702. The flexible sealing ring 704 contacts the inside of the liquid nitrogen container 4, and the gap between the liquid nitrogen container 4 and the column 701 is blocked by the elastic deformation of the flexible sealing ring 704, so that the liquid nitrogen inside the liquid nitrogen container 4 can be effectively prevented from evaporating.

[0045] like Figure 5-10 As shown, in this embodiment, a cavity 705 is provided in the column 701, and a contraction mechanism 8 and a pressure equalization mechanism 9 are installed in the cavity 705. The contraction mechanism 8 drives the flexible sealing ring 704 to move in a direction close to or away from the cavity 705, and the pressure equalization mechanism 9 uniformly applies an outward expansion pressure to the flexible sealing ring 704. When the size of the flexible sealing ring 704 is large, the resistance of the column 701 when entering the liquid nitrogen container will be increased, and when entering the liquid nitrogen container 4, the compressed air inside cannot be discharged, which is not conducive to the column 701 and the workpiece to be measured entering the liquid nitrogen container 4. When the size of the flexible sealing ring 704 is designed to be small, the flexible sealing ring 704 will not be able to ensure the sealing effect at the opening of the liquid nitrogen container 4, which is not conducive to the storage of liquid nitrogen.

[0046] Among them, the contraction mechanism includes a driving ring 801 rotatably installed in the cavity 705, a first connecting rod 802 is rotatably installed on the driving ring 801, a plurality of driving rods 803 are slidably installed on the column 701, the driving rod 803 passes through one side of the column 701 and extends to the inside of the installation groove 702, the driving rod 803 is rotatably connected to the first connecting rod 802, a connecting plate 804 is fixedly installed on the driving rod 803, and the connecting plate 804 is fixedly connected to the flexible sealing ring 704. When the driving ring 801 rotates, it will drive the multiple first connecting rods 802 to rotate. Through the transmission of the first connecting rod 802, the multiple driving rods 803 can be driven to slide synchronously on the column 701, thereby driving the multiple connecting plates 804 to move. When the multiple connecting plates 804 shrink synchronously, a pulling force will be applied to the flexible sealing ring 704 to shrink the flexible sealing ring 704. At this time, it will be convenient for the column 701 to enter the liquid nitrogen container 4. At this time, the gas above the liquid nitrogen surface can be discharged through the gap between the flexible sealing ring 704 and the liquid nitrogen container 4. When the workpiece to be measured is completely immersed in the liquid nitrogen, the driving ring 801 can be rotated to drive the multiple connecting plates 804 to expand outward, thereby causing the connecting plate 804 to expand the flexible sealing ring 704, so that the flexible sealing ring 704 contacts the liquid nitrogen container 4, and the gap between the liquid nitrogen container 4 and the column 701 is blocked.

[0047] Furthermore, a first gear 806 is fixedly mounted on the driving ring 801, a second gear 807 is rotatably mounted in the cavity 705, a second motor 808 is fixedly mounted in the cavity 705, an output shaft of the second motor 808 is coaxially fixedly connected with the second gear 807, and the first gear 806 and the second gear 807 are meshed with each other. The second motor 808 can drive the second gear 807 to rotate, the rotating second gear 807 will drive the first gear 806 to rotate, and the rotating first gear 806 will drive the driving ring 801 fixedly connected thereto to rotate.

[0048] The flexible sealing ring 704 is provided with a plurality of grooves 805, which correspond to and are fixedly connected to the connecting plate 804. The connecting plate 804 and the flexible sealing ring 704 are fixedly connected through the grooves 805, so that the flexible sealing ring 704 can be more evenly subjected to the pulling force of the connecting plate 804.

[0049] Specifically, the pressure equalizing mechanism includes a support plate 901 slidably installed in the cavity 705, and a plurality of second connecting rods 902 are rotatably installed on the support plate 901. A plurality of oil ports are provided on the column 701, and the oil ports connect the cavity 705 and the mounting groove 702. An oil tank 903 is fixedly installed on the oil port, and a pressure plate 904 is slidably installed in the oil tank 903. The pressure plate 904 is rotatably connected to the second connecting rod 902. Hydraulic oil is provided in the oil tank 903, and the hydraulic oil is located on a side of the pressure plate 904 close to the mounting groove 702. Two push rod motors 906 are fixedly installed in the cavity 705, and the output shaft of the push rod motor 906 is fixedly connected to the support plate 901. When pressure is applied to the flexible sealing ring 704 through the connecting plate 804, since some positions of the flexible sealing ring 704 are not in contact with the connecting plate 804, different positions of the flexible sealing ring 704 apply different pressures to the liquid nitrogen container 4. At this time, the support plate 901 is driven to move up and down by the push rod motor 906, and the moving support plate 901 drives multiple second connecting rods 902 to rotate. The rotating second connecting rods 902 can drive the pressing plate 904 to slide inside the oil tank 903, thereby adjusting the space inside the oil tank 903, and the hydraulic oil inside the oil tank 903 can be squeezed to press the hydraulic oil into the installation groove 702. By filling the gap inside the installation groove 702 with hydraulic oil and transmitting pressure to various positions of the flexible sealing ring 704 through the hydraulic oil, the pressure applied to the liquid nitrogen container by various positions of the flexible sealing ring 704 can be kept equal, thereby effectively ensuring the sealing effect at the opening of the liquid nitrogen container 4.

[0050] A sealing ring 905 is fixedly mounted on the pressure plate 904 , and the sealing ring 905 seals the gap between the pressure plate 904 and the oil tank 903 .

[0051] The working principle of this embodiment is as follows: when the workpiece to be tested is placed in the liquid nitrogen container 4, the second motor 808 drives the driving ring 801 to rotate. This drives the multiple first connecting rods 802 to rotate, and the transmission of the first connecting rods 802 can drive the multiple connecting plates 804 to shrink synchronously, so that the flexible sealing ring 704 shrinks, and at this time, it is convenient for the column 701 to enter the liquid nitrogen container 4. At this time, the gas above the liquid nitrogen surface can be discharged through the gap between the flexible sealing ring 704 and the liquid nitrogen container 4. When the workpiece to be tested is completely immersed in the liquid nitrogen, the multiple connecting plates 804 can be driven to expand outward by rotating the driving ring 801, so that the connecting plates 804 expand the flexible sealing ring 704, so that the flexible sealing ring 704 contacts the liquid nitrogen container 4, and the gap between the liquid nitrogen container 4 and the column 701 is blocked.

[0052] The support plate 901 is driven to move up and down by the push rod motor 906, and the moving support plate 901 drives multiple second connecting rods 902 to rotate. The rotating second connecting rods 902 can drive the pressing plate 904 to slide inside the oil tank 903, so that the space inside the oil tank 903 can be adjusted, and the hydraulic oil inside the oil tank 903 can be squeezed to press the hydraulic oil into the installation groove 702. By filling the gap inside the installation groove 702 with hydraulic oil and transmitting pressure to various positions of the flexible sealing ring 704 through the hydraulic oil, the pressure applied to the liquid nitrogen container by various positions of the flexible sealing ring 704 can be kept equal, thereby effectively ensuring the sealing effect at the opening of the liquid nitrogen container 4.

[0053] The above specific embodiments are only several optional embodiments of the present invention. Based on the technical solutions of the present invention and the relevant inspirations of the above embodiments, those skilled in the art can make various alternative improvements and combinations to the above specific embodiments.

Claims

1. A mechanical properties testing system for use in a cryogenic environment, comprising a microcomputer-controlled electronic universal testing machine (1), characterized in that: Also includes: A rotary adjustment component (2) is mounted on the top of the microcomputer-controlled electronic universal testing machine (1), wherein a lifting adjustment component (3) is mounted on the rotary adjustment component (2) for driving the lifting adjustment component (3) to move horizontally, and a liquid nitrogen container (4) is fixedly mounted on the lifting adjustment component (3) for driving the liquid nitrogen container (4) to move vertically; A reaction force support (5) is arranged at the top of the microcomputer-controlled electronic universal testing machine (1), and a connector (6) for connecting to a fixture is installed at the bottom of the reaction force support (5); The rotation adjustment assembly (2) comprises a first motor (201) fixedly mounted on a microcomputer-controlled electronic universal testing machine (1); a rotating rod (202) is rotatably mounted on the microcomputer-controlled electronic universal testing machine (1); the rotating rod (202) is coaxially fixedly connected to an output shaft of the first motor (201); two connecting rods (203) are fixedly mounted on the rotating rod (202); a tray (204) is fixedly mounted on the connecting rod (203) located at the lower side; and a plurality of reinforcing rods (205) are fixedly mounted between the two connecting rods (203); The lifting and lowering adjustment assembly (3) comprises two sliding rods (301) fixedly mounted on the tray (204), a slider (302) being slidably mounted on the sliding rods (301), the liquid nitrogen container (4) being fixedly mounted on the two sliders (302), a cylinder (303) being fixedly mounted on the tray (204), and an output shaft of the cylinder (303) being fixedly connected to one of the sliders (302); The microcomputer-controlled electronic universal testing machine (1) is fixedly mounted with a sealing head (7), the sealing head (7) is used to seal the opening of the liquid nitrogen container (4), and the connecting head (6) is fixedly mounted on the sealing head (7); The sealing head (7) comprises a column (701) fixedly mounted on a microcomputer-controlled electronic universal testing machine (1); a mounting groove (702) is provided on the column (701); sealing grooves (703) are provided on the upper and lower sides of the mounting groove (702); the sealing groove (703) is communicated with the mounting groove (702); and flexible sealing rings (704) are fixedly mounted on the sealing groove (703) and the mounting groove (702); A cavity (705) is provided in the column (701), and a contraction mechanism (8) and a pressure equalization mechanism (9) are installed in the cavity (705); the contraction mechanism (8) drives the flexible sealing ring (704) to move in a direction approaching or away from the cavity (705), and the pressure equalization mechanism (9) uniformly applies outward expansion pressure to the flexible sealing ring (704); The contraction mechanism comprises a driving ring (801) rotatably mounted in the cavity (705), a first connecting rod (802) being rotatably mounted on the driving ring (801), a plurality of driving rods (803) being slidably mounted on the column (701), the driving rods (803) penetrating one side of the column (701) and extending into the interior of the mounting groove (702), the driving rods (803) being rotatably connected to the first connecting rod (802), a connecting plate (804) being fixedly mounted on the driving rod (803), and the connecting plate (804) being fixedly connected to the flexible sealing ring (704); A first gear (806) is fixedly mounted on the driving ring (801), a second gear (807) is rotatably mounted in the cavity (705), a second motor (808) is fixedly mounted in the cavity (705), an output shaft of the second motor (808) is coaxially fixedly connected to the second gear (807), and the first gear (806) and the second gear (807) are meshed with each other; A plurality of grooves (805) are provided in the flexible sealing ring (704), and the grooves (805) correspond one-to-one to the connecting plates (804) and are fixedly connected; The pressure equalizing mechanism comprises a support plate (901) slidably mounted in the cavity (705), a plurality of second connecting rods (902) being rotatably mounted on the support plate (901), a plurality of oil ports being arranged on the column (701), the oil ports connecting the cavity (705) and the mounting groove (702), an oil tank (903) being fixedly mounted on the oil port, a pressure plate (904) being slidably mounted in the oil tank (903), the pressure plate (904) being rotatably connected to the second connecting rod (902), hydraulic oil being arranged in the oil tank (903), the hydraulic oil being located on a side of the pressure plate (904) close to the mounting groove (702), two push rod motors (906) being fixedly mounted in the cavity (705), the output shaft of the push rod motor (906) being fixedly connected to the support plate (901).

2. A mechanical properties testing system for use in a cryogenic environment according to claim 1, characterized in that: A sealing ring (905) is fixedly mounted on the pressing plate (904), and the sealing ring (905) seals the gap between the pressing plate (904) and the oil tank (903).

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